GAAP gross margin was 46% in the third quarter of 2019, an increase of 334 basis points compared to 42% in the third quarter of 2018 and an increase from 44% in the second quarter of 2019. The year-over-year gross margin improvement is primarily attributable to the change in product mix, including a higher percentage of software and services sales compared to the prior year.
GAAP operating expenses, including research and development (R&D), sales and marketing (S&M), general and administrative (G&A), an increase in fair value of earnout liability, and restructuring and severance charges, were $9.3 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared to $8.6 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $9.1 million in the second quarter of 2019, reflecting a year-over-year increase of 7% and a sequential increase of 2%, respectively.
Non-GAAP operating expenses (adjusted to exclude restructuring and severance costs and certainnon-cash charges, such as stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization as well as othernon-GAAP items consisting of acquisition-related transaction costs) for the third quarter of 2019 were $7.9 million, compared to $7.2 million in the third quarter of 2018 and $7.8 million in the second quarter of 2019.
GAAP net income attributable to Identiv, Inc. was $1.1 million in the third quarter of 2019, compared to a net loss of $(0.3) million in the third quarter of 2018, and net income of $0.4 million in the second quarter of 2019.
GAAP net income attributable to common stockholders per share (EPS) was $0.05 in the third quarter of 2019, compared to a net loss of $(0.02) per share in the third quarter of 2018 and net income of $0.01 per share in the second quarter of 2019. GAAP net income attributable to common stockholders in the third quarter of 2019 includes the accretion of dividends on the Series B preferred stock, which the Company accrues quarterly beginning 2019.
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA in the third quarter of 2019 was $3.0 million, an increase of approximately 81% compared to $1.7 million in the third quarter of 2018, and $2.4 million in the second quarter of 2019. The year-over-year increase reflects higher revenues as well as higher gross margins, which were offset slightly by higher operating expenses.
Cash was $11.1 million at September 30, 2019, compared to $14.2 million at September 30, 2018, and $11.1 million at June 30, 2019.
Financial Outlook
For the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019, the Company now expects revenue of $88 million to $90 million (previously $92 million to $95 million), representing an increase of 14% at the midpoint compared to fiscal 2018. The Company has increased the midpoint of its adjusted EBITDA guidance to $8.5 million and $9.0 million (previously $7.0 million to $9.0 million) and increased its net income attributable to Identiv, Inc. guidance to $1.0 million to $1.2 million (previously a loss of $0.5 million to a gain of $1.0 million) and earnings per basic share of $0.00 to $0.01.
The Company also introduced guidance for fiscal 2020, ending December 31, 2020. The Company expects growth in themid-teens(14-16%), resulting in expected revenue of $100 million to $104 million,non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA of $12 million to $14 million, net income attributable to Identiv, Inc. of $4.5 million to $6.5 million and earnings per basic share of $0.20 to $0.31.