Document and Entity Information
Document and Entity Information | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017shares | |
Document and Entity Information [Abstract] | |
Document Type | 40-F |
Amendment Flag | false |
Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2017 |
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2,017 |
Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY |
Entity Registrant Name | GOLD RESERVE INC. |
Entity Central Index Key | 1,072,725 |
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 |
Entity Filer Category | Accelerated Filer |
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 99,395,048 |
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Current Assets: | ||
Cash and cash equivalents (Note 4) | $ 137,672,718 | $ 35,747,049 |
Marketable securities (Notes 5 and 6) | 239,232 | 541,216 |
Deposits, advances and other | 156,050 | 153,916 |
Total current assets | 138,068,000 | 36,442,181 |
Property, plant and equipment, net (Note 7) | 12,632,534 | 12,046,496 |
Total assets | 150,700,534 | 48,488,677 |
Current Liabilities: | ||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (Note 3) | 2,167,171 | 691,409 |
Accrued interest | 0 | 2,379 |
Income tax payable | 1,263,438 | 0 |
Deferred income tax (Note 12) | 18,402,483 | 0 |
Contingent value rights (Note 3) | 3,097,193 | 0 |
Total current liabilities | 24,930,285 | 693,788 |
Convertible notes and interest notes (Note 11) | 0 | 43,968,020 |
Contingent value rights (Note 3) | 0 | 1,012,491 |
Total liabilities | 24,930,285 | 45,674,299 |
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | ||
Common shares | 378,009,884 | 342,190,645 |
Contributed surplus (Note 11) | 20,625,372 | 25,723,900 |
Stock options (Note 10) | 20,409,643 | 17,353,725 |
Accumulated deficit | (293,386,189) | (382,897,065) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 111,539 | 443,173 |
Total shareholders' equity | 125,770,249 | 2,814,378 |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ 150,700,534 | $ 48,488,677 |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - shares | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Class A Authorized: Unlimited | ||
Issued and outstanding | 99,395,048 | 89,710,604 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
INCOME (LOSS) | ||
Gain on sale of mining data (Note 3) | $ 187,500,000 | $ 0 |
Interest income | 48,323 | 47,691 |
Gain on disposition of marketable securities | 0 | 48,360 |
Loss on settlement of debt (Note 11) | (16,637,379) | (70,221) |
Write-down of property, plant and equipment (Note 7) | 0 | (556,558) |
Loss on impairment of marketable securities (Note 5) | 0 | (13,769) |
Foreign currency gain (loss) | (213,016) | 51,142 |
Net OTHER INCOME (LOSS) | 170,697,928 | (493,355) |
EXPENSES | ||
Corporate general and administrative | 16,715,792 | 4,111,563 |
Retention units costs | 7,694,200 | 0 |
Contingent value rights | 3,901,159 | 0 |
Siembra Minera Project (Note 8) | 7,510,588 | 1,648,043 |
Exploration costs | 83,859 | 320,611 |
Legal and accounting | 1,012,768 | 867,965 |
Arbitration and settlement (Note 3) | 2,435,645 | 2,785,817 |
Equipment holding costs | 661,798 | 796,680 |
Interest expense (Note 11) | 6,098,069 | 10,521,658 |
Total EXPENSES | 46,113,878 | 21,052,337 |
Net income (loss) before income tax expense | 124,584,050 | (21,545,692) |
Income tax expense | (35,073,174) | 0 |
Net income (loss) for the year | $ 89,510,876 | $ (21,545,692) |
Net income (loss) per share, basic and diluted | $ 0.96 | $ (0.26) |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | ||
Basic | 93,649,587 | 84,456,074 |
Diluted | 94,162,693 | 84,456,074 |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Income Statement [Abstract] | ||
Net income (loss) for the year | $ 89,510,876 | $ (21,545,692) |
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the consolidated statement of operations: | ||
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax of nil (Note 5) | (301,984) | 360,386 |
Revaluation of deferred tax liability | (29,650) | |
Realized gain on marketable securities, net of tax of nil | 0 | (60) |
Impairment loss on marketable securities, net of tax of nil | 0 | 13,769 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year | (331,634) | 374,095 |
Comprehensive income (loss) for the year | $ 89,179,242 | $ (21,171,597) |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHAN
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) | Total | Common Shares Number | Common Shares Amount | Contributed Surplus | Stock Options | Accumulated Deficit | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015 | $ 290,467,418 | $ 30,435,625 | $ 20,523,325 | $ (361,351,373) | $ 69,078 | ||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2015 | 76,447,147 | ||||||
Net loss | (21,545,692) | ||||||
Other comprehensive income | 374,095 | ||||||
Stock option compensation (Note 10) | 14,907 | ||||||
Fair value of options exercised | 3,184,507 | (3,184,507) | |||||
Common shares issued for: | |||||||
Private placement, net of costs | 34,108,113 | ||||||
Private placement, net of costs (in shares) | 8,562,500 | ||||||
Option exercises (Note 10) | 4,175,875 | ||||||
Option exercises (Note 10) (in shares) | 2,286,500 | ||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | $ 2,814,378 | ||||||
Common shares issued for: | |||||||
Note conversions (Note 11) | 10,254,732 | (4,711,725) | |||||
Note conversions (Note 11) (in shares) | 2,414,457 | ||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | 342,190,645 | 25,723,900 | 17,353,725 | (382,897,065) | 443,173 | ||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | 89,710,604 | ||||||
Common shares issued for: | |||||||
Option exercises (Note 10) | 5,973,474 | ||||||
Option exercises (Note 10) (in shares) | 2,073,435 | ||||||
Note conversions (Note 11) | 27,793,190 | (5,098,528) | |||||
Note conversions (Note 11) (in shares) | 7,611,009 | ||||||
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017 | $ 125,770,249 | 378,009,884 | $ 20,625,372 | 20,409,643 | (293,386,189) | 111,539 | |
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017 | 99,395,048 | ||||||
Common shares issued for: | |||||||
Net income | $ 89,510,876 | ||||||
Other comprehensive loss | $ (331,634) | ||||||
Stock option compensation (Note10) | 5,108,493 | ||||||
Fair value of options exercised | $ 2,052,575 | $ (2,052,575) |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | ||
Net income (loss) for the year | $ 89,510,876 | $ (21,545,692) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities: | ||
Stock option compensation | 5,108,493 | 14,907 |
Depreciation | 6,491 | 5,545 |
Gain on sale of mining data | (187,500,000) | 0 |
Loss on settlement of debt | 16,637,379 | 70,221 |
Write-down of property, plant and equipment | 0 | 556,558 |
Accretion of convertible notes | 6,051,444 | 10,463,666 |
Gain on disposition of marketable securities | 0 | (48,360) |
Deferred income tax | 18,402,483 | 0 |
Impairment loss on marketable securities | 0 | 13,769 |
Changes in non-cash working capital: | ||
Net (increase) decrease in deposits and advances | (2,134) | 436,334 |
Net increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses | 4,791,873 | (858,505) |
Net cash used in operating activities | (46,993,095) | (10,891,557) |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | ||
Proceeds from sale of mining data | 187,500,000 | 0 |
Proceeds from disposition of marketable securities | 0 | 48,456 |
Purchase of property, plant and equipment | (592,529) | (350,000) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 186,907,471 | (301,544) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | ||
Proceeds from the issuance of common shares | 5,973,474 | 38,425,875 |
Settlement of debt | (43,962,181) | (694,730) |
Financing fees | 0 | (141,887) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (37,988,707) | 37,589,258 |
Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents: | ||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 101,925,669 | 26,396,157 |
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year | 35,747,049 | 9,350,892 |
Cash and cash equivalents - end of year | 137,672,718 | 35,747,049 |
Supplemental Cash Flow Information: | ||
Cash paid for interest | 9,589,281 | 749,311 |
Cash paid for income taxes | $ 15,436,903 | $ 0 |
The Company and Significant Acc
The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: [Abstract] | |
The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: | Note 1. The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: Gold Reserve Inc. ("Gold Reserve", the "Company", "we", "us", or "our") is engaged in the business of acquiring, exploring and developing mining projects and was incorporated in 1998 under the laws of the Yukon Territory, Canada and continued to Alberta, Canada in September 2014. Gold Reserve Inc. is the successor issuer to Gold Reserve Corporation which was incorporated in 1956. A significant portion of our recent activities relate to the advancement of the Siembra Minera Project, the execution of the July 2016 settlement agreement, ( as amended, the "Settlement Agreement") with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ("Venezuela") in regards to the payment of the Award (See Note 3, Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale) and the acquisition of our Mining Data by Venezuela (See Note 8, Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S.A. ("Siembra Minera")). Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation . These audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The statements principally include the accounts of the Company, Gold Reserve Corporation and two Barbadian subsidiaries formed to hold our equity interest in Siembra Minera which is beneficially owned 55% by Venezuela and 45% by Gold Reserve. Our investment in Siembra Minera is accounted for as an equity investment. All other subsidiaries are wholly owned. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. Our policy is to consolidate those subsidiaries where control exists. We have only one operating segment, the exploration and development of mineral properties. Cash and Cash Equivalents . We consider short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents for purposes of reporting cash equivalents and cash flows. The cost of these investments approximates fair value. We manage the exposure of our cash and cash equivalents to credit risk by diversifying our holdings into major Canadian and U.S. financial institutions. Exploration and Development Costs . Exploration costs incurred in locating areas of potential mineralization or evaluating properties or working interests with specific areas of potential mineralization are expensed as incurred. Development costs of proven mining properties not yet producing are capitalized at cost and classified as capitalized exploration costs under property, plant and equipment. Mineral property holding costs are charged to operations during the period if no significant exploration or development activities are being conducted on the related properties. Upon commencement of production, capitalized exploration and development costs would be amortized based on the estimated proven and probable reserves benefited. Mineral properties determined to be impaired or that are abandoned are written-down to the estimated fair value. Carrying values do not necessarily reflect present or future values. Property, Plant and Equipment . Included in property, plant and equipment is certain equipment, the carrying value of which has been adjusted, as a result of impairment tests, to its estimated fair value of $11.7 million and which is not being depreciated as it is not yet available for its intended use. The ultimate recoverable value of this equipment may be different than management's current estimate. We have additional property, plant and equipment which are recorded at cost less impairment charges and accumulated depreciation. Replacement costs and major improvements are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations. Furniture, office equipment and leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over 5 to 10 years. The remaining property, plant and equipment are fully depreciated. Impairment of Long Lived Assets . We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected future net cash flows to be generated from the use or eventual disposition of a long-lived asset (undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized based on a determination of the asset's fair value. Fair value is generally determined by discounting estimated cash flows based on market participant expectations of those future cash flows, or applying a market approach that uses market prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable assets. Foreign Currency. The U.S. dollar is our (and our foreign subsidiaries') functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates and revenue and expense items are translated at average exchange rates during the reporting period, except for depreciation which is translated at historical rates. Translation gains and losses are included in the statement of operations. Stock Based Compensation . We maintain the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan") which provides for the grant of stock options to purchase our Class A common shares. We use the fair value method of accounting for stock options. The fair value of options granted to employees is computed using the Black-Scholes method as described in Note 10 and is expensed over the vesting period of the option. For non-employees, the fair value of stock based compensation is recorded as an expense over the vesting period or upon completion of performance. Consideration paid for shares on exercise of share options, in addition to the fair value attributable to stock options granted, is credited to capital stock. Stock options granted under the plan become fully vested and exercisable upon a change of control. Income Taxes . We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and those amounts reported in the financial statements. The deferred tax assets or liabilities are calculated using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the differences are expected to be settled. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that they are considered more likely than not to be realized. Use of Estimates . The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Net Income (Loss) Per Share . Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted net income per share reflects the potentially dilutive effects of outstanding stock options and convertible notes. In periods in which a loss is incurred, the effect of potential issuances of shares under stock options and convertible notes would be anti-dilutive, and therefore basic and diluted losses per share are the same in those periods. Convertible Notes . Convertible notes are initially recorded at estimated fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost. The fair value is allocated between the equity and debt component parts based on their respective fair values at the time of issuance and recorded net of transaction costs. The equity portion of the convertible notes is estimated using the residual value method. The fair value of the debt component is accreted to the face value of the convertible notes using the effective interest rate method over the contractual life of the convertible notes, with the resulting charge recorded as interest expense Investments. We determine the appropriate classification of investments in equity securities at acquisition and reevaluate such classifications at each reporting date. Investments in incorporated entities in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee and the Company's ownership is between 20% and 50% are accounted for by the equity method. Financial Instruments. Marketable equity securities are classified as available for sale with any unrealized gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income. If a decline in fair value of a security is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment loss is recognized. Cash and cash equivalents, deposits, advances and receivables are accounted for at cost which approximates fair value. Accounts payable, convertible notes, interest notes and contingent value rights are recorded at amortized cost. Amortized cost of accounts payable approximates fair value. |
New Accounting Policies_
New Accounting Policies: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
New Accounting Policies: [Abstract] | |
New Accounting Policies: | Note 2. New Accounting Policies: Adopted in the year In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation. The objective of this update is to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This update was effective for us commencing January 1, 2017 and did not have an impact on our financial statements. Recently issued accounting pronouncements In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations. This update clarifies the definition of a business and adds guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. This update is effective for us commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within that annual period. We do not expect the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on our financial statements. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows - Restricted Cash. This update requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. This update is effective for us commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within that annual period. We do not expect the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on our financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This update is intended to reduce the existing diversity in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. This update is effective for us commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within that annual period. We do not expect the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on our financial statements. In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this update address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. This update is effective for the Company commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company expects the updated guidance to result in a reclassification of unrealized holding gains and losses related to investments in marketable equity securities from Accumulated other comprehensive income to Retained earnings in the Balance Sheet upon adoption. Subsequent to adoption of this standard, changes in the value of the Company's marketable equity securities will be recorded as income (loss) instead of other comprehensive income (loss). In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from contracts with customers. This standard contains principles that an entity will apply to determine the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized. The underlying principle is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at an amount that the entity expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. This update is effective for us commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2017. As we currently do not generate revenue from operations, the adoption of this standard will not have a significant impact on our financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This update is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. This update is effective for us commencing with the annual period beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that year. We are still in the process of evaluating the impact of this standard. |
Arbitral Award Settlement and A
Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: [Abstract] | |
Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: | Note 3. Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: In October 2009, we initiated a claim (the "Brisas Arbitration") under the additional facility rules of the International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes ("ICSID") of the World Bank to obtain compensation for the losses caused by the actions of Venezuela that terminated the Brisas Project. In September 2014, the ICSID Tribunal granted us an Arbitral Award (the “Award”) totaling (i) $713 million in damages, plus (ii) pre-award interest from April 2008 through the date of the Award based on the U.S. Government Treasury Bill Rate, compounded annually totaling, as of the date of the Award, approximately $22.3 million and (iii) $5 million for legal costs and expenses, for a total, as of September 22, 2014, of $740.3 million. The Award (less legal costs and expenses) accrues post-award interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 2%, compounded annually, which, as a result of the Settlement Agreement, has been temporarily stayed. In July 2016, we signed the Settlement Agreement, as subsequently amended whereby Venezuela agreed to pay us the Award (including interest) and purchase our mining data related to the Brisas Project (the "Mining Data"). Under the terms of the Agreement, Venezuela agreed to pay the Company $792 million to satisfy the Award and $240 million for the purchase of the Mining Data for a total of approximately $1.032 billion in monthly installments. The first $240 million to be received by Gold Reserve from Venezuela is related to the sale of the Mining Data. In addition, the Company agreed to suspend the legal enforcement of the Award until final payment is made by Venezuela and Venezuela irrevocably waived its right to appeal the February 2017 judgment issued by the Cour d'appel de Paris dismissing the annulment applications filed by Venezuela in respect of the Award and agreed to terminate all other proceedings seeking annulment of the Award. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, Venezuela agreed to make a payment of $40 million (the "Initial Payment") followed by 23 monthly payments of $29.5 million on or before the 15 th Payments made by Venezuela associated with the Settlement Agreement are initially deposited into the Trust Account with Bandes Bank. From June through December 2017, Venezuela deposited a total of $187.5 million to the Trust Account. Of this amount, approximately $99 million had been transferred to the Company's bank account outside of Venezuela with the balance of approximately $88.5 million remaining in the Trust Account as of December 31, 2017. In August 2017, the U.S. government imposed financial sanctions targeting the Venezuelan government which, in addition to the economic and financial condition of the country, have complicated the monthly transfer of funds from the Trust Account to our bank accounts (See Note 4, Cash and Cash Equivalents). Due to the uncertainties associated with the funds still on deposit in the Trust Account, the Board of Directors has only considered those funds actually received by the Company in its bank account as funds available for purposes of calculating the CVR and Bonus Plan cash distributions, however, the full amount due based on total payments to the Trust Account has been accrued as a payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and recorded as an expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Pursuant to a 2012 restructuring of convertible notes, we issued Contingent Value Rights ("CVRs") that entitle the holders to an aggregate of 5.466% of proceeds associated with the collection of the Award, sale of mining data or an enterprise sale (the "Proceeds"), less amounts sufficient to pay or reserve for taxes payable, certain associated professional fees and expenses not to exceed $10 million, any accrued operating expenses as of the date of the receipt of proceeds not to exceed $1 million and the balance of any remaining Notes and accrued interests thereon (the "Net Proceeds"). The total estimated amount due pursuant to the terms of the CVRs as of December 31, 2017, based on the Net Proceeds (including those amounts remaining in the Trust Account) from the sale of the Mining Data was approximately $3.1 million. The amount distributed in 2017 based on proceeds actually received in our bank account was approximately $1.8 million. The Board of Directors approved a bonus plan (the "Bonus Plan") in May 2012, which was intended to compensate the participants, including executive officers, employees, directors and consultants for their contributions related to: the development of the Brisas Project; the manner in which the development effort was carried out allowing the Company to present a strong defense of its arbitration claim; the support of the Company's execution of the Brisas Arbitration; and the on-going efforts to assist with positioning the Company in the collection of an award, sale of the Mining Data or enterprise sale. The bonus pool under the Bonus Plan is comprised of the gross proceeds collected or the fair value of any consideration realized related to such transactions less applicable taxes multiplied by 1% of the first $200 million and 5% thereafter. The Bonus Plan is administered by a committee of independent directors. The Committee selected the individual participants in the Bonus Plan and fixed the relative percentage of the total pool to be distributed to each participant. Participation in the Bonus Plan by existing participants is fully vested, subject to voluntary termination of employment or termination for cause. The total estimated amount due pursuant to the terms of the Bonus Plan as of December 31, 2017, based on the Net Proceeds (including those amounts remaining in the Trust Account) from the sale of the Mining Data is approximately $0.6 million which is included in corporate general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2017. The amount distributed in 2017 based on proceeds actually received in our bank account was approximately $0.8 million. Our Intent to Distribute Collection of the Award or Sale of Mining Data to Shareholders Following receipt of funds transferred from the Trust Account (See Note 4, Cash and Cash Equivalents) to our bank account and after applicable payments of Net Proceeds (as defined in the CVRs) to holders of our CVRs and participants under our Bonus Plan, we expect to distribute to our shareholders, in the most cost efficient manner, a substantial majority of any remaining proceeds, subject to applicable regulatory requirements regarding capital and reserves for operating expenses, accounts payable and income taxes, and any obligations arising as a result of the collection of the Award and/or sale of the Mining Data. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents_
Cash and Cash Equivalents: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents: [Abstract] | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents: | Note 4. Cash and Cash Equivalents: December 31, December 31, 2017 2016 Bank deposits $ 39,649,888 $ 1,122,542 Cash held in trust 88,500,000 - Money market funds 9,522,830 34,624,507 Total $ 137,672,718 $ 35,747,049 Payments made by Venezuela associated with the Settlement Agreement are initially deposited into a trust account for the benefit of the Company at Banco de Desarrollo Económico y Social de Venezuela ("Bandes Bank") (the "Trust Account"), a Venezuelan state-owned development bank. Under the trust agreement, the Company has the right to direct transfer of the funds to its bank accounts outside of Venezuela. Deposits held in the Trust Account as of the balance sheet date are recorded as cash and cash equivalents. Deposits made to the Trust Account subsequent to the balance sheet date but prior to the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements are recorded as a receivable as of the balance sheet date, arising from the sale of the Mining Data to Venezuela. In August 2017, the U.S. government imposed financial sanctions targeting the Venezuelan government by issuing an executive order that prohibits U.S. persons from dealing in financing of greater than 30 days for the Venezuelan government, including any entity owned or controlled by the Venezuelan government (with respect to the state oil company and its subsidiaries, these restrictions prohibit financings of greater than 90 days). In addition, U.S. persons are prohibited from dealing in, among other things, bonds or equity issued by the Venezuelan government after the U.S. financial sanctions were imposed on August 25, 2017. These U.S. financial sanctions built on sanctions imposed by the U.S. government starting in March 2015 that prohibit various Venezuelan officials from traveling to the U.S., freeze any assets they may have in the U.S. and generally prohibit U.S. persons from doing business with them and any entity they own 50% or more. Subsequent to the U.S. actions, Canada imposed its own sanctions. Recently the U.S. government added several additional individuals to the sanctions list and prohibited U.S. persons from dealing in cryptocurrencies issued by the Venezuelan government. The U.S. and Canadian governments have been reported to be considering further sanctions (collectively, the “Sanctions”). The Sanctions, in addition to the economic and financial condition of Venezuela, have complicated the monthly transfer of funds from the Trust Account to our bank accounts. As of April 26, 2018, Venezuela has transferred a total of $128.5 million to our bank account with $59 million remaining in the Trust Account. The monthly payments pursuant to the Settlement Agreement from December 2017 and January, February, March and April 2018 totaling approximately $147.5 million remain unpaid. (See Note 3, Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale). |
Marketable Securities_
Marketable Securities: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Marketable Securities: [Abstract] | |
Marketable Securities: | Note 5. Marketable Securities: December 31, December 31, 2017 2016 Fair value at beginning of year $ 541,216 $ 180,986 Dispositions, at cost - (96) Realized gain - (60) Impairment loss - (13,769) Increase (decrease) in fair market value (301,984) 374,155 Fair value at balance sheet date $ 239,232 $ 541,216 The Company's marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at quoted market value with gains and losses recorded within other comprehensive income (loss) until realized or impaired. Realized gains and losses are based on the average cost of the shares held at the date of disposition. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, marketable securities had a cost basis of $98,043. |
Fair Value Measurements_
Fair Value Measurements: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Fair Value Measurements: [Abstract] | |
Fair Value Measurements: | Note 6. Fair Value Measurements: Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability and Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that reflect the entity's own assumptions. Fair value December 31, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Marketable securities $ 239,232 $ 239,232 $ - Fair value December 31, 2016 Level 1 Level 2 Marketable securities $ 541,216 $ 541,216 $ - Convertible notes and interest notes $ 77,164,724 $ - $ 77,164,724 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_
Property, Plant and Equipment: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment: [Abstract] | |
Property, Plant and Equipment: | Note 7. Property, Plant and Equipment: Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net December 31, 2017 Machinery and equipment $ 11,677,534 $ - $ 11,677,534 Furniture and office equipment 587,126 (503,216) 83,910 Transportation equipment 489,560 - 489,560 Leasehold improvements 39,185 (7,655) 31,530 Mineral property 350,000 - 350,000 $ 13,143,405 $ (510,871) $ 12,632,534 Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net December 31, 2016 Machinery and equipment $ 11,677,534 $ - $ 11,677,534 Furniture and office equipment 519,832 (500,870) 18,962 Leasehold improvements 41,190 (41,190) - Mineral property 350,000 - 350,000 $ 12,588,556 $ (542,060) $ 12,046,496 During 2017, the Company purchased approximately $0.5 million of transportation equipment that is intended to be used in the development of the Siembra Minera project. On March 1, 2016, we completed the acquisition of certain wholly-owned mining claims known as the LMS Gold Project (the "Property"), together with certain personal property for $0.4 million, pursuant to a Purchase and Sale Agreement with Raven Gold Alaska Inc. ("Raven"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Corvus Gold Inc. which was recorded as mineral property. Raven retains a royalty interest with respect to (i) precious metals produced and recovered from the Property equal to 3% of net smelter returns on such metals (the "Precious Metals Royalty") and (ii) base metals produced and recovered from the Property equal to 1% of net smelter returns on such metals. We have the option, for a period of 20 years from the date of closing of the acquisition, to buy back a one-third interest Machinery and equipment consists of infrastructure and milling equipment intended for use on the Brisas Project. We continually evaluate our equipment to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that may indicate impairment has occurred. We review comparable market data for evidence that fair value less cost to sell is in excess of the carrying amount. In December 2016, based on market valuations for mining equipment which included the review of transactions involving comparable assets, we recorded a write-down of $0.6 million to an estimated fair value. We did not record any write-downs of property, plant and equipment in 2017. |
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Sie
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S. | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S. [Abstract] | |
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S. | Note 8. Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S.A.: In October 2016, together with an affiliate of the government of Venezuela, we established Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S.A. ("Siembra Minera"). The primary purpose of this entity is to develop the Siembra Minera Project. Siembra Minera is beneficially owned 55% by Corporacion Venezolana De Mineria, S.A., a Venezuelan government corporation, and 45% by Gold Reserve. Siembra Minera holds certain gold, copper, silver and other strategic mineral rights contained within Bolivar State comprising the Siembra Minera Project (which has a 20 year term with two 10 year extensions) and is, among other things authorized, via Presidential Decrees and Ministerial resolutions, to carry on its business, pay a net smelter return royalty to Venezuela on the sale of gold, copper, silver and any other strategic minerals over the life of the project and provide net profits participation based on the sales price of gold per ounce. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, both parties will retain their respective interest in Siembra Minera in the event the settlement payments are not made by Venezuela. The Company's cumulative expenditures associated with Siembra Minera through December 31, 2017 amounted to approximately $9.2 million. These expenditures primarily include costs associated with consultants working on the Siembra Minera Project, which have been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. |
KSOP Plan_
KSOP Plan: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
KSOP Plan: [Abstract] | |
KSOP Plan: | Note 9. KSOP Plan: The KSOP Plan, adopted in 1990 for retirement benefits of employees, is comprised of two parts, (1) a salary reduction component, and a 401(k) which includes provisions for discretionary contributions by us, and (2) an employee share ownership component, or ESOP. Allocation of Class A common shares or cash to participants' accounts, subject to certain limitations, is at the discretion of the Board. There have been no Class A common shares allocated to the KSOP Plan since 2011. Cash contributions for the KSOP Plan years 2017 and 2016 were approximately $234,000 and $163,000, respectively. |
Stock Based Compensation Plans_
Stock Based Compensation Plans: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans: [Abstract] | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans: | Note 10. Stock Based Compensation Plans: Equity Incentive Plans On June 27, 2012, our shareholders approved the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan") to replace our previous equity incentive plans. On September 19, 2016, the Board approved an amendment and restatement of the 2012 Plan to increase the maximum number of shares issuable thereunder to 8,750,000, representing less than 10% of the issued and outstanding Class A Common Shares of the Company at such date. Such amendment was approved by the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSXV") on October 6, 2016. As of December 31, 2017, there were 1,585,000 options available for grant. Grants are made for terms of up to ten years with vesting periods as required by the TSXV and as may be determined by a committee of the Board established pursuant to the 2012 Plan. Share option transactions for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: 2017 2016 Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Options outstanding - beginning of period 3,357,000 $ 2.84 5,643,500 $ 2.43 Options granted 5,277,500 3.15 - - Options exercised (2,073,435) 2.88 (2,286,500) 1.83 Options expired (1,469,500) 2.89 - - Options outstanding - end of period 5,091,565 $ 3.13 3,357,000 $ 2.84 Options exercisable - end of period 4,004,067 $ 3.13 3,357,000 $ 2.84 The following table relates to stock options at December 31, 2017: Outstanding Options Exercisable Options Exercise Price Number Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Number Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) $1.92 444,922 $1.92 $609,543 3.44 444,922 $1.92 $609,543 3.44 $2.69 125,000 $2.69 75,000 9.33 62,500 $2.69 37,500 9.33 $3.00 250,000 $3.00 72,500 0.44 250,000 $3.00 72,500 0.44 $3.15 3,544,643 $3.15 496,250 9.13 2,519,645 $3.15 352,750 9.13 $3.45 102,000 $3.45 - 0.05 102,000 $3.45 - 0.05 $3.89 100,000 $3.89 - 0.05 100,000 $3.89 - 0.05 $3.91 215,000 $3.91 - 6.28 215,000 $3.91 - 6.28 $4.02 310,000 $4.02 - 6.56 310,000 $4.02 - 6.56 $1.92 - $4.02 5,091,565 $3.13 $1,253,293 7.57 4,004,067 $3.13 $1,072,293 7.15 During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company granted 5,277,500 and NIL stock options, respectively. In 2017 and 2016, approximately 2.1 million and 2.3 million outstanding options were exercised, respectively, for net proceeds to the Company of approximately $6.0 million and $4.1 million, respectively. The Company recorded non-cash compensation expense during 2017 and 2016 of $5.1 million and $0.02 million, respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2017, 237,000 options expired unexercised. The weighted average fair value of the options granted in 2017 was calculated as $1.04. The fair value of options granted was determined using the Black-Scholes model based on the following weighted average assumptions: 2017 Risk free interest rate 1.22% Expected term 2.0 years Expected volatility 59% Dividend yield nil The risk free interest rate is based on the US Treasury rate on the date of grant for a period equal to the expected term of the option. The expected term is based on historical exercise experience and projected post-vesting behavior. The expected volatility is based on historical volatility of our common stock over a period equal to the expected term of the option. Retention Plan and Change of Control Agreements The Company maintains the Gold Reserve Director and Employee Retention Plan. Each unit (a "Retention Unit") granted to a participant entitles such person to receive a cash payment equal to the fair market value of one Gold Reserve Class A common share on the date the Retention Unit is granted or on the date any such participant becomes entitled to payment, whichever is greater. Units previously granted under the plan became fully vested upon the collection of proceeds from sale of the Mining Data and the Board of Director's agreement to distribute a substantial majority of the remaining proceeds to our shareholders. In June 2017, as a result of the collection of proceeds related to the sale of the Mining Data, the Retention Units vested and in the third quarter of 2017 the Company paid $7.7 million to plan participants. As of December 31, 2017 there were no Retention Units outstanding. The Company also maintains change of control agreements with certain officers and employees. A Change of Control is generally defined as one or more of the following: the acquisition by any individual, entity or group, of beneficial ownership of the Company of 25 percent of the voting power of the outstanding Common Shares; a change in the composition of the Board that causes less than a majority of the current directors of the Board to be members of the incoming board; reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or any other event the Board reasonably determines constitutes a Change of Control. As of December 31, 2017, in the event of a change of control, the amount payable under these agreements was approximately $16.2 million. None of this amount has currently been recognized as a change of control is not considered probable at this time. |
Convertible Notes and Interest
Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: [Abstract] | |
Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: | Note 11. Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: In the third quarter of 2017, the Company settled all of its outstanding11% Senior Secured Convertible Notes and Interest Notes due December 31, 2018 (the "2018 Notes"). Prior to settlement, the Company had a total of $59.1 million face value of 2018 Notes outstanding. Of these notes, $36.3 million were redeemed for cash and the Company paid an additional $6.4 million related to a 20% premium due on the redeemed notes and $0.2 million in interest to the redemption date. The remaining $22.8 million 2018 Notes were converted to approximately 7.6 million Class A common shares. As a result of the redemption or conversion of 2018 Notes, the Company recorded a $16.6 million loss on settlement of debt consisting of the $6.4 million premium paid and approximately $10.2 million of remaining unamortized discount. In October 2017, the Company redeemed for cash its remaining debt, which consisted of approximately $1.0 million face value of 5.5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due June 15, 2022 ( the "2022 Convertible Notes"). |
Income Tax_
Income Tax: | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Income Tax: [Abstract] | |
Income Tax: | Note 12. Income Tax: On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") which makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code. The Tax Act establishes new tax laws that will affect 2017 and later years, including, but not limited to, a reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018. As a result of the reduction of the rate, we have revalued our net deferred tax liability as of December 31, 2017. Based on this revaluation, we have reduced our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities and recorded a deferred income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2017. Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 differs from the amount that would result from applying Canadian tax rates to net income (loss) before taxes. These differences result from the items noted below: 2017 2016 Amount % Amount % Income tax expense (benefit) based on Canadian tax rates $ 31,146,013 25 $ (5,386,423) 25 Increase (decrease) due to: Different tax rates on foreign subsidiaries 16,872,781 14 (248,385) 1 Non-deductible expenses 3,581,209 3 1,040,629 (5) Withholding tax 2,000,265 1 - Change in valuation allowance and other (18,527,094) (15) 4,594,179 (21) $ 35,073,174 27 $ - - The Company recorded income tax expense of $35.1 million and NIL for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We have recorded a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated amount of the deferred tax assets which may not be realized, principally due to the uncertainty of utilization of net operating losses and other carry forwards prior to expiration. The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets may be reduced in the near term if our estimate of future taxable income changes. The components of the Canadian and U.S. deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: December 31, 2017 2016 Deferred income tax assets Net operating loss carry forwards $ 35,964,366 $ 46,962,497 Property, Plant and Equipment 3,227,745 3,227,610 Capital loss carry forwards 1,478,385 15,411 Other 204,209 330,882 40,874,705 50,536,400 Valuation allowance (40,662,538) (50,536,400) $ 212,167 $ - Deferred income tax liabilities Cash held in trust (18,614,650) - Net deferred income tax liability $ (18,402,483) $ - At December 31, 2017, we had the following Canadian tax loss carry forwards: Expires $ 2,087,825 2026 3,874,732 2027 14,768,712 2028 13,996,418 2029 17,291,796 2030 19,362,808 2031 5,617,369 2032 7,223,755 2033 10,407,364 2034 13,507,936 2035 16,060,511 2036 19,658,239 2037 $ 143,857,465 At December 31, 2017, the Company has approximately $52.4 million in U.S tax loss carryforwards which have been fully utilized in the calculation of current income tax expense. |
Significant Accounting Policies
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) [Abstract] | |
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | Gold Reserve Inc. ("Gold Reserve", the "Company", "we", "us", or "our") is engaged in the business of acquiring, exploring and developing mining projects and was incorporated in 1998 under the laws of the Yukon Territory, Canada and continued to Alberta, Canada in September 2014. Gold Reserve Inc. is the successor issuer to Gold Reserve Corporation which was incorporated in 1956. A significant portion of our recent activities relate to the advancement of the Siembra Minera Project, the execution of the July 2016 settlement agreement, ( as amended, the "Settlement Agreement") with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ("Venezuela") in regards to the payment of the Award (See Note 3, Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale) and the acquisition of our Mining Data by Venezuela (See Note 8, Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S.A. ("Siembra Minera")). Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation . These audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). The statements principally include the accounts of the Company, Gold Reserve Corporation and two Barbadian subsidiaries formed to hold our equity interest in Siembra Minera which is beneficially owned 55% by Venezuela and 45% by Gold Reserve. Our investment in Siembra Minera is accounted for as an equity investment. All other subsidiaries are wholly owned. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. Our policy is to consolidate those subsidiaries where control exists. We have only one operating segment, the exploration and development of mineral properties. Cash and Cash Equivalents . We consider short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents for purposes of reporting cash equivalents and cash flows. The cost of these investments approximates fair value. We manage the exposure of our cash and cash equivalents to credit risk by diversifying our holdings into major Canadian and U.S. financial institutions. Exploration and Development Costs . Exploration costs incurred in locating areas of potential mineralization or evaluating properties or working interests with specific areas of potential mineralization are expensed as incurred. Development costs of proven mining properties not yet producing are capitalized at cost and classified as capitalized exploration costs under property, plant and equipment. Mineral property holding costs are charged to operations during the period if no significant exploration or development activities are being conducted on the related properties. Upon commencement of production, capitalized exploration and development costs would be amortized based on the estimated proven and probable reserves benefited. Mineral properties determined to be impaired or that are abandoned are written-down to the estimated fair value. Carrying values do not necessarily reflect present or future values. Property, Plant and Equipment . Included in property, plant and equipment is certain equipment, the carrying value of which has been adjusted, as a result of impairment tests, to its estimated fair value of $11.7 million and which is not being depreciated as it is not yet available for its intended use. The ultimate recoverable value of this equipment may be different than management's current estimate. We have additional property, plant and equipment which are recorded at cost less impairment charges and accumulated depreciation. Replacement costs and major improvements are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets retired or sold are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations. Furniture, office equipment and leasehold improvements are depreciated using the straight-line method over 5 to 10 years. The remaining property, plant and equipment are fully depreciated. Impairment of Long Lived Assets . We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected future net cash flows to be generated from the use or eventual disposition of a long-lived asset (undiscounted and without interest charges) is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized based on a determination of the asset's fair value. Fair value is generally determined by discounting estimated cash flows based on market participant expectations of those future cash flows, or applying a market approach that uses market prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable assets. Foreign Currency. The U.S. dollar is our (and our foreign subsidiaries') functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates and revenue and expense items are translated at average exchange rates during the reporting period, except for depreciation which is translated at historical rates. Translation gains and losses are included in the statement of operations. Stock Based Compensation . We maintain the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan") which provides for the grant of stock options to purchase our Class A common shares. We use the fair value method of accounting for stock options. The fair value of options granted to employees is computed using the Black-Scholes method as described in Note 10 and is expensed over the vesting period of the option. For non-employees, the fair value of stock based compensation is recorded as an expense over the vesting period or upon completion of performance. Consideration paid for shares on exercise of share options, in addition to the fair value attributable to stock options granted, is credited to capital stock. Stock options granted under the plan become fully vested and exercisable upon a change of control. Income Taxes . We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and those amounts reported in the financial statements. The deferred tax assets or liabilities are calculated using the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the differences are expected to be settled. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that they are considered more likely than not to be realized. Use of Estimates . The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Net Income (Loss) Per Share . Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of Class A common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted net income per share reflects the potentially dilutive effects of outstanding stock options and convertible notes. In periods in which a loss is incurred, the effect of potential issuances of shares under stock options and convertible notes would be anti-dilutive, and therefore basic and diluted losses per share are the same in those periods. Convertible Notes . Convertible notes are initially recorded at estimated fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost. The fair value is allocated between the equity and debt component parts based on their respective fair values at the time of issuance and recorded net of transaction costs. The equity portion of the convertible notes is estimated using the residual value method. The fair value of the debt component is accreted to the face value of the convertible notes using the effective interest rate method over the contractual life of the convertible notes, with the resulting charge recorded as interest expense Investments. We determine the appropriate classification of investments in equity securities at acquisition and reevaluate such classifications at each reporting date. Investments in incorporated entities in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee and the Company's ownership is between 20% and 50% are accounted for by the equity method. Financial Instruments. Marketable equity securities are classified as available for sale with any unrealized gain or loss recorded in other comprehensive income. If a decline in fair value of a security is determined to be other than temporary, an impairment loss is recognized. Cash and cash equivalents, deposits, advances and receivables are accounted for at cost which approximates fair value. Accounts payable, convertible notes, interest notes and contingent value rights are recorded at amortized cost. Amortized cost of accounts payable approximates fair value. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents_ (Tab
Cash and Cash Equivalents: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents: | Note 4. Cash and Cash Equivalents: December 31, December 31, 2017 2016 Bank deposits $ 39,649,888 $ 1,122,542 Cash held in trust 88,500,000 - Money market funds 9,522,830 34,624,507 Total $ 137,672,718 $ 35,747,049 |
Marketable Securities_ (Tables)
Marketable Securities: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Marketable Securities: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Marketable Securities: | Note 5. Marketable Securities: December 31, December 31, 2017 2016 Fair value at beginning of year $ 541,216 $ 180,986 Dispositions, at cost - (96) Realized gain - (60) Impairment loss - (13,769) Increase (decrease) in fair market value (301,984) 374,155 Fair value at balance sheet date $ 239,232 $ 541,216 |
Fair Value Measurements_ (Table
Fair Value Measurements: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Fair Value Measurements: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Fair Value Measurements: (Tables) | Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability and Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that reflect the entity's own assumptions. Fair value December 31, 2017 Level 1 Level 2 Marketable securities $ 239,232 $ 239,232 $ - Fair value December 31, 2016 Level 1 Level 2 Marketable securities $ 541,216 $ 541,216 $ - Convertible notes and interest notes $ 77,164,724 $ - $ 77,164,724 |
Property, Plant and Equipment_
Property, Plant and Equipment: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Property, Plant and Equipment: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Property, Plant and Equipment: | Note 7. Property, Plant and Equipment: Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net December 31, 2017 Machinery and equipment $ 11,677,534 $ - $ 11,677,534 Furniture and office equipment 587,126 (503,216) 83,910 Transportation equipment 489,560 - 489,560 Leasehold improvements 39,185 (7,655) 31,530 Mineral property 350,000 - 350,000 $ 13,143,405 $ (510,871) $ 12,632,534 Accumulated Cost Depreciation Net December 31, 2016 Machinery and equipment $ 11,677,534 $ - $ 11,677,534 Furniture and office equipment 519,832 (500,870) 18,962 Leasehold improvements 41,190 (41,190) - Mineral property 350,000 - 350,000 $ 12,588,556 $ (542,060) $ 12,046,496 |
Stock Based Compensation Plan25
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Share option transactions | Share option transactions for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows: 2017 2016 Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Options outstanding - beginning of period 3,357,000 $ 2.84 5,643,500 $ 2.43 Options granted 5,277,500 3.15 - - Options exercised (2,073,435) 2.88 (2,286,500) 1.83 Options expired (1,469,500) 2.89 - - Options outstanding - end of period 5,091,565 $ 3.13 3,357,000 $ 2.84 Options exercisable - end of period 4,004,067 $ 3.13 3,357,000 $ 2.84 |
Options outstanding and exercisable | The following table relates to stock options at December 31, 2017: Outstanding Options Exercisable Options Exercise Price Number Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Number Weighted Average Exercise Price Aggregate Intrinsic Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) $1.92 444,922 $1.92 $609,543 3.44 444,922 $1.92 $609,543 3.44 $2.69 125,000 $2.69 75,000 9.33 62,500 $2.69 37,500 9.33 $3.00 250,000 $3.00 72,500 0.44 250,000 $3.00 72,500 0.44 $3.15 3,544,643 $3.15 496,250 9.13 2,519,645 $3.15 352,750 9.13 $3.45 102,000 $3.45 - 0.05 102,000 $3.45 - 0.05 $3.89 100,000 $3.89 - 0.05 100,000 $3.89 - 0.05 $3.91 215,000 $3.91 - 6.28 215,000 $3.91 - 6.28 $4.02 310,000 $4.02 - 6.56 310,000 $4.02 - 6.56 $1.92 - $4.02 5,091,565 $3.13 $1,253,293 7.57 4,004,067 $3.13 $1,072,293 7.15 |
Weighted Average Assumptions | The weighted average fair value of the options granted in 2017 was calculated as $1.04. The fair value of options granted was determined using the Black-Scholes model based on the following weighted average assumptions: 2017 Risk free interest rate 1.22% Expected term 2.0 years Expected volatility 59% Dividend yield nil |
Income Tax_ (Tables)
Income Tax: (Tables) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Income Tax: (Tables) [Abstract] | |
Income tax expense | Income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 differs from the amount that would result from applying Canadian tax rates to net income (loss) before taxes. These differences result from the items noted below: 2017 2016 Amount % Amount % Income tax expense (benefit) based on Canadian tax rates $ 31,146,013 25 $ (5,386,423) 25 Increase (decrease) due to: Different tax rates on foreign subsidiaries 16,872,781 14 (248,385) 1 Non-deductible expenses 3,581,209 3 1,040,629 (5) Withholding tax 2,000,265 1 - Change in valuation allowance and other (18,527,094) (15) 4,594,179 (21) $ 35,073,174 27 $ - - |
Net deferred income tax liability | The Company recorded income tax expense of $35.1 million and NIL for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We have recorded a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated amount of the deferred tax assets which may not be realized, principally due to the uncertainty of utilization of net operating losses and other carry forwards prior to expiration. The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets may be reduced in the near term if our estimate of future taxable income changes. The components of the Canadian and U.S. deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: December 31, 2017 2016 Deferred income tax assets Net operating loss carry forwards $ 35,964,366 $ 46,962,497 Property, Plant and Equipment 3,227,745 3,227,610 Capital loss carry forwards 1,478,385 15,411 Other 204,209 330,882 40,874,705 50,536,400 Valuation allowance (40,662,538) (50,536,400) $ 212,167 $ - Deferred income tax liabilities Cash held in trust (18,614,650) - Net deferred income tax liability $ (18,402,483) $ - |
Loss Carryforwards | At December 31, 2017, we had the following Canadian tax loss carry forwards: Expires $ 2,087,825 2026 3,874,732 2027 14,768,712 2028 13,996,418 2029 17,291,796 2030 19,362,808 2031 5,617,369 2032 7,223,755 2033 10,407,364 2034 13,507,936 2035 16,060,511 2036 19,658,239 2037 $ 143,857,465 |
The Company and Significant A27
The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: (Details Text) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
The Company and Significant Accounting Policies: [Abstract] | |
Siembra Minera beneficial ownership by Venezuela | 55.00% |
Siembra Minera beneficial ownership by Company | 45.00% |
Fair value of equipment | $ 11.7 |
Arbitral Award Settlement and28
Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: (Details Text) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) | |
Arbitral Award Settlement and Associated Mining Data Sale: [Abstract] | |
Damages award | $ 713 |
Interest award | 22.3 |
Legal costs award | 5 |
Total award | $ 740.3 |
Post award interest rate - Libor plus | 2.00% |
Venezuela agreed to pay to satisfy award | $ 792 |
Venezuela agreed to pay for mining data | 240 |
Total Venezuela agreed to pay | 1,032 |
Amount to be received related to mining data | 240 |
Initial payment | 40 |
Additional twenty three payment amounts to be received | 29.5 |
Final payment amount to be received | 313.3 |
Deposited in Trust Account | 187.5 |
Transferred to Company bank account | 99 |
Remaining in trust account | $ 88.5 |
Amount of proceeds CVR holders entitled to | 5.466% |
Estimated cvr payable | $ 3.1 |
cvr distributed | $ 1.8 |
Bonus percentage of first two hundred million collected | 1.00% |
Bonus percentage thereafter | 5.00% |
Estimated bonus payable | $ 0.6 |
bonus distributed | $ 0.8 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents_ (Det
Cash and Cash Equivalents: (Details 1) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Cash And Cash Equivalents Details [Abstract] | ||
Bank deposits | $ 39,649,888 | $ 1,122,542 |
Cash held in trust | 88,500,000 | |
Money market funds | 9,522,830 | 34,624,507 |
Total | $ 137,672,718 | $ 35,747,049 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents_ (D30
Cash and Cash Equivalents: (Details Text) $ in Millions | Apr. 26, 2018USD ($) |
Cash And Cash Equivalents Details Text [Abstract] | |
Total funds transferred to bank account | $ 128.5 |
Total funds remaining in the Trust Account | 59 |
Monthly payments pursuant to the Settlement Agreement unpaid | $ 147.5 |
Marketable Securities_ (Details
Marketable Securities: (Details 1) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | ||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 | |
Marketable Securities Details [Abstract] | |||
Fair value at beginning of year | $ 541,216 | $ 180,986 | |
Dispositions, at cost | $ (96) | ||
Realized gain | (60) | (60) | |
Impairment loss | (13,769) | ||
Increase (decrease) in fair market value | (301,984) | 374,155 | |
Fair value at balance sheet date | $ 239,232 | $ 541,216 |
Marketable Securities_ (Detai32
Marketable Securities: (Details Text) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Marketable Securities Details Text [Abstract] | ||
Marketable securities cost basis | $ 98,043 | $ 98,043 |
Fair Value Measurements_ (Detai
Fair Value Measurements: (Details 1) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Fair Value Measurements Details [Abstract] | ||
Marketable securities fair value level one | $ 239,232 | $ 541,216 |
Marketable securities fair value total | 239,232 | 541,216 |
Convertible notes and interest notes fair value level two | 0 | 77,164,724 |
Convertible notes and interest notes fair value total | $ 0 | $ 77,164,724 |
Property, Plant and Equipment34
Property, Plant and Equipment: (Details 1) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Property Plant And Equipment Details [Abstract] | ||
Cost: Machinery and equipment | $ 11,677,534 | $ 11,677,534 |
Accumulated Depreciation: Machinery and equipment | 0 | 0 |
Net: Machinery and equipment | 11,677,534 | 11,677,534 |
Cost: Furniture and office equipment | 587,126 | 519,832 |
Accumulated Depreciation: Furniture and office equipment | (503,216) | (500,870) |
Net: Furniture and office equipment | 83,910 | 18,962 |
Cost: Transportation equipment | 489,560 | |
Accumulated Depreciation: Transportation equipment | 0 | |
Net: Transportation equipment | 489,560 | |
Cost: Leasehold improvements | 39,185 | 41,190 |
Accumulated Depreciation: Leasehold improvements | (7,655) | (41,190) |
Net: Leasehold improvements | 31,530 | 0 |
Cost: Mineral property | 350,000 | 350,000 |
Accumulated Depreciation: Mineral property | 0 | 0 |
Net: Mineral property | 350,000 | 350,000 |
Total cost property, plant and equipment | 13,143,405 | 12,588,556 |
Total accumulated depreciation property, plant and equipment | (510,871) | (542,060) |
Total net property, plant and equipment | $ 12,632,534 | $ 12,046,496 |
Property, Plant and Equipment35
Property, Plant and Equipment: (Details Text) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Property Plant And Equipment Details Text [Abstract] | ||
Purchase of transportation equipment | $ 0.5 | |
LMS acquisition | $ 0.4 | |
Write-down of equipment | $ 0.6 |
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista S36
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S. (Details Text) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2017USD ($) |
Empresa Mixta Ecosocialista Siembra Minera, S. [Abstract] | |
Siembra Minera beneficial ownership by Venezuela | 55.00% |
Siembra Minera beneficial ownership by Company | 45.00% |
Cumulative expenditures associated with Siembra Minera | $ 9.2 |
KSOP Plan_ (Details Text)
KSOP Plan: (Details Text) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
KSOP Plan: [Abstract] | ||
Cash contributions to the Plan | $ 234,000 | $ 163,000 |
Stock Based Compensation Plan38
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Details 1) - $ / shares | 12 Months Ended | |||
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans Details [Abstract] | ||||
Options outstanding - beginning of period | 3,357,000 | 5,643,500 | ||
Weighted average exercise price - options outstanding | $ 2.84 | $ 2.43 | ||
Options granted | 5,277,500 | |||
Weighted average exercise price - options granted | $ 3.15 | |||
Options exercised | (2,073,435) | (2,286,500) | ||
Weighted average exercise price - options exercised | $ 2.88 | $ 1.83 | ||
Options expired | (1,469,500) | |||
Weighted average exercise price - options expired | $ 2.89 | |||
Options outstanding - end of period | 5,091,565 | 3,357,000 | ||
Weighted average exercise price - options outstanding | $ 2.84 | $ 2.43 | $ 3.13 | $ 2.84 |
Options exercisable - end of period | 4,004,067 | 3,357,000 | ||
Weighted average exercise price - options exercisable | $ 3.13 | $ 2.84 |
Stock Based Compensation Plan39
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Details 2) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)$ / sharesshares | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans Details Two [Abstract] | |
Outstanding Options Number: $1.92 | shares | 444,922 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $1.92 | $ / shares | $ 1.92 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $1.92 | $ | $ 609,543 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $1.92 | 3 years 161 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $1.92 | shares | 444,922 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $1.92 | $ / shares | $ 1.92 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $1.92 | $ | $ 609,543 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $1.92 | 3 years 161 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $2.69 | shares | 125,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $2.69 | $ / shares | $ 2.69 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $2.69 | $ | $ 75,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $2.69 | 9 years 120 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $2.69 | shares | 62,500 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $2.69 | $ / shares | $ 2.69 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $2.69 | $ | $ 37,500 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $2.69 | 9 years 120 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $3.00 | shares | 250,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.00 | $ / shares | $ 3 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.00 | $ | $ 72,500 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.00 | 161 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $3.00 | shares | 250,000 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.00 | $ / shares | $ 3 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.00 | $ | $ 72,500 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.00 | 161 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $3.15 | shares | 3,544,643 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.15 | $ / shares | $ 3.15 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.15 | $ | $ 496,250 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.15 | 9 years 47 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $3.15 | shares | 2,519,645 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.15 | $ / shares | $ 3.15 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.15 | $ | $ 352,750 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.15 | 9 years 47 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $3.45 | shares | 102,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.45 | $ / shares | $ 3.45 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.45 | $ | $ 0 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.45 | 18 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $3.45 | shares | 102,000 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.45 | $ / shares | $ 3.45 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.45 | $ | $ 0 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.45 | 18 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $3.89 | shares | 100,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.89 | $ / shares | $ 3.89 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.89 | $ | $ 0 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.89 | 18 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $3.89 | shares | 100,000 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.89 | $ / shares | $ 3.89 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.89 | $ | $ 0 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.89 | 18 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $3.91 | shares | 215,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.91 | $ / shares | $ 3.91 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.91 | $ | $ 0 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.91 | 6 years 102 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $3.91 | shares | 215,000 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $3.91 | $ / shares | $ 3.91 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $3.91 | $ | $ 0 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $3.91 | 6 years 102 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $4.02 | shares | 310,000 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $4.02 | $ / shares | $ 4.02 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $4.02 | $ | $ 0 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $4.02 | 6 years 204 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $4.02 | shares | 310,000 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $4.02 | $ / shares | $ 4.02 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $4.02 | $ | $ 0 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $4.02 | 6 years 204 days |
Outstanding Options Number: $1.92 - $4.02 | shares | 5,091,565 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $1.92 - $4.02 | $ / shares | $ 3.13 |
Outstanding Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $1.92 - $4.02 | $ | $ 1,253,293 |
Outstanding Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $1.92 - $4.02 | 7 years 208 days |
Exercisable Options Number: $1.92 - $4.02 | shares | 4,004,067 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Exercise Price: $1.92 - $4.02 | $ / shares | $ 3.13 |
Exercisable Options Aggregate Intrinsic Value: $1.92 - $4.02 | $ | $ 1,072,293 |
Exercisable Options Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years): $1.92 - $4.02 | 7 years 55 days |
Stock Based Compensation Plan40
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Details 3) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans Details Three [Abstract] | |
Risk free interest rate | 1.22% |
Expected term | 2 years |
Expected volatility | 59.00% |
Dividend yield | 0.00% |
Stock Based Compensation Plan41
Stock Based Compensation Plans: (Details Text) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Stock Based Compensation Plans Details Text [Abstract] | ||
Maximum number of options available under the plan | 8,750,000 | |
Options available for grant | 1,585,000 | |
Maximum term of options | 10 years | |
Options granted during the period | 5,277,500 | 0 |
Options exercised during the period | 2,100,000 | 2,300,000 |
Proceeds to Company from option exercises | $ 6,000 | $ 4,100 |
Non-cash compensation expense | $ 5,100 | $ 20 |
Weighted average fair value of options granted | $ 1.04 | |
Paid to retention unit plan participants | $ 7,700 | |
amount payable in event of change of control | $ 16,200 |
Convertible Notes and Interes42
Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: (Details Text) | 6 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2017 | |
Convertible Notes and Interest Notes: [Abstract] | |
Summary convertible note settlement | In the third quarter of 2017, the Company settled all of its outstanding11% Senior Secured Convertible Notes and Interest Notes due December 31, 2018 (the "2018 Notes"). Prior to settlement, the Company had a total of $59.1 million face value of 2018 Notes outstanding. Of these notes, $36.3 million were redeemed for cash and the Company paid an additional $6.4 million related to a 20% premium due on the redeemed notes and $0.2 million in interest to the redemption date. The remaining $22.8 million 2018 Notes were converted to approximately 7.6 million Class A common shares. As a result of the redemption or conversion of 2018 Notes, the Company recorded a $16.6 million loss on settlement of debt consisting of the $6.4 million premium paid and approximately $10.2 million of remaining unamortized discount. In October 2017, the Company redeemed for cash its remaining debt, which consisted of approximately $1.0 million face value of 5.5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Notes due June 15, 2022 ( the "2022 Convertible Notes"). |
Income Tax_ (Details 1)
Income Tax: (Details 1) - USD ($) | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Income Tax Details [Abstract] | ||
Income tax expense (benefit) based on Canadian tax rates | $ 31,146,013 | $ (5,386,423) |
Increase (decrease) due to: | ||
Different tax rates on foreign subsidiaries | 16,872,781 | (248,385) |
Non-deductible expenses | 3,581,209 | 1,040,629 |
Withholding tax | 2,000,265 | 0 |
Change in valuation allowance and other | (18,527,094) | 4,594,179 |
Income tax | $ 35,073,174 | $ 0 |
Income Tax_ (Details 2)
Income Tax: (Details 2) - USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 |
Deferred income tax assets | ||
Net operating loss carry forwards | $ 35,964,366 | $ 46,962,497 |
Property, Plant and Equipment | 3,227,745 | 3,227,610 |
Capital loss carry forwards | 1,478,385 | 15,411 |
Other Deferred tax assets | 204,209 | 330,882 |
Total deferred tax assets | 40,874,705 | 50,536,400 |
Valuation allowance | (40,662,538) | (50,536,400) |
Net deferred tax asset | 212,167 | 0 |
Deferred income tax liabilities | ||
Cash held in trust | (18,614,650) | 0 |
Net deferred tax liability | $ (18,402,483) | $ 0 |
Income Tax_ (Details 3)
Income Tax: (Details 3) | Dec. 31, 2037USD ($) |
Income Tax Details 3 [Abstract] | |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2026 | $ 2,087,825 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2027 | 3,874,732 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2028 | 14,768,712 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2029 | 13,996,418 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2030 | 17,291,796 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2031 | 19,362,808 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2032 | 5,617,369 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2033 | 7,223,755 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2034 | 10,407,364 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2035 | 13,507,936 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2036 | 16,060,511 |
Canadian tax loss carryforward expiring 2037 | 19,658,239 |
Total Canadian tax loss carryforward | $ 143,857,465 |
Income Tax_ (Details Text)
Income Tax: (Details Text) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended | |
Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016 | |
Income Tax Details Textabstract [Abstract] | ||
Income tax expense recorded by the Company | $ 35.1 | $ 0 |
US tax loss carryforwards utilized by the Company | $ 52.4 |