Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality Information | Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality Information The following is a summary of gross loans receivable by Customer Tenure as of: Customer Tenure March 31, 2023 March 31, 2022 0 to 5 months $ 81,803,668 $ 198,740,475 6 to 17 months 133,650,188 133,665,566 18 to 35 months 135,396,187 204,940,323 36 to 59 months 244,414,255 214,956,857 60+ months 792,189,216 764,662,319 Tax advance loans 2,562,054 5,823,320 Total gross loans $ 1,390,015,568 $ 1,522,788,860 During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we adopted ASU 2016-13, which replaces the incurred loss methodology for determining our provision for credit losses and allowance for credit losses with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the CECL model, using the modified retrospective approach. Upon adoption, the total allowance for credit losses increased by $28.6 million, with no impact to the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Based on the Company’s loan products, the purpose and the term, current payment performance is used to assess the capability of the borrower to repay contractual obligations of the loan agreements as scheduled. Current payment performance is monitored by management on a daily basis. On an as needed basis, qualitative information may be taken into consideration if new information arises related to the customer’s ability to repay the loan. The Company’s payment performance buckets are as follows: current, 30-60 days past due, 61-90 days past due, 91 days or more past due. The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a recency basis and year of origination at March 31, 2023: Term Loans By Origination Loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,200,504,088 $ 62,076,656 $ 1,998,218 $ 148,662 $ 23,046 $ 6,863 $ 1,264,757,533 30 - 60 days past due 40,791,746 4,689,867 160,956 42,700 8,504 2,988 45,696,761 61 - 90 days past due 26,319,250 2,572,733 92,088 40,281 884 — 29,025,236 91 or more days past due 41,832,821 5,944,645 160,361 29,494 4,430 2,233 47,973,984 Total $ 1,309,447,905 $ 75,283,901 $ 2,411,623 $ 261,137 $ 36,864 $ 12,084 $ 1,387,453,514 Term Loans By Origination Tax advance loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,932,607 $ 3,524 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,936,131 30 - 60 days past due 609,844 736 — — — — 610,580 61 - 90 days past due — 4,845 — — — — 4,845 91 or more days past due 409 10,089 — — — — 10,498 Total $ 2,542,860 $ 19,194 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,562,054 Total gross loans $ 1,390,015,568 The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a recency basis and year of origination at March 31, 2022: Term Loans By Origination Loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,322,332,136 $ 34,273,199 $ 2,665,078 $ 152,105 $ 21,539 $ 3,972 $ 1,359,448,029 30 - 60 days past due 49,517,859 2,114,463 247,291 28,011 2,664 — 51,910,288 61 - 90 days past due 36,707,960 989,136 130,763 13,031 5,594 — 37,846,484 91 or more days past due 64,238,626 3,239,753 248,596 24,377 5,386 4,001 67,760,739 Total $ 1,472,796,581 $ 40,616,551 $ 3,291,728 $ 217,524 $ 35,183 $ 7,973 $ 1,516,965,540 Term Loans By Origination Tax advance loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 4,737,741 $ 7,033 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,744,774 30 - 60 days past due 1,060,811 1,334 — — — — 1,062,145 61 - 90 days past due — 432 — — — — 432 91 or more days past due 2,922 13,047 — — — — 15,969 Total $ 5,801,474 $ 21,846 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,823,320 Total gross loans $ 1,522,788,860 The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a contractual basis and year of origination at March 31, 2023: Term Loans By Origination Loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,174,237,761 $ 53,652,011 $ 1,554,144 $ 64,233 $ 5,142 $ 1,491 $ 1,229,514,782 30 - 60 days past due 47,346,331 3,661,493 77,857 6,714 — — 51,092,395 61 - 90 days past due 33,012,804 3,030,052 44,129 7,643 — — 36,094,628 91 or more days past due 54,851,010 14,940,345 735,493 182,547 31,721 10,593 70,751,709 Total $ 1,309,447,906 $ 75,283,901 $ 2,411,623 $ 261,137 $ 36,863 $ 12,084 $ 1,387,453,514 Term Loans By Origination Tax advance loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,932,607 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,932,607 30 - 60 days past due 609,844 — — — — — 609,844 61 - 90 days past due — — — — — — — 91 or more days past due 409 19,194 — — — — 19,603 Total $ 2,542,860 $ 19,194 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,562,054 Total gross loans $ 1,390,015,568 The following tables provide a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a contractual basis and year of origination at March 31, 2022: Term Loans By Origination Loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 1,290,448,366 $ 29,913,995 $ 1,994,474 $ 68,836 $ 9,586 $ 699 $ 1,322,435,956 30 - 60 days past due 57,225,953 1,508,794 91,118 5,519 — — 58,831,384 61 - 90 days past due 45,276,797 1,271,187 96,233 986 — — 46,645,203 91 or more days past due 79,845,465 7,922,574 1,109,903 142,183 25,598 7,274 89,052,997 Total $ 1,472,796,581 $ 40,616,550 $ 3,291,728 $ 217,524 $ 35,184 $ 7,973 $ 1,516,965,540 Term Loans By Origination Tax advance loans Up to Between Between Between Between More than Total Current $ 4,737,741 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,737,741 30 - 60 days past due 1,060,329 — — — — — 1,060,329 61 - 90 days past due — — — — — — — 91 or more days past due 3,404 21,846 — — — — 25,250 Total $ 5,801,474 $ 21,846 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 5,823,320 Total gross loans $ 1,522,788,860 The allowance for credit losses is applied to amortized cost, which is defined as the amount at which a financing receivable is originated, and net of deferred fees and costs, collection of cash, and charge-offs. Amortized cost also includes interest earned but not collected. Credit risk is inherent in the business of extending loans to borrowers and is continuously monitored by management and reflected within the allowance for credit losses for loans. The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of expected losses inherent within the Company’s gross loans receivable portfolio. In estimating the allowance for credit losses, loans with similar risk characteristics are aggregated into pools and collectively assessed. The Company’s loan products have generally the same terms; therefore, the Company looks to borrower characteristics as a way to disaggregate loans into pools sharing similar risks. In determining the allowance for credit losses, the Company examined four borrower risk metrics as noted below. 1. Borrower type 2. Active months 3. Prior loan performance 4. Customer Tenure To determine how well each metric predicts default risk, the Company used loss rate data over an observation period of twelve months at the loan level. The information value was then calculated for each metric. From this analysis, management determined the metric that had the strongest predictor of default risk was Customer Tenure. The Customer Tenure buckets used in the allowance for credit loss calculation are: 1. 0 to 5 months 2. 6 to 17 months 3. 18 to 35 months 4. 36 to 59 months 5. 60+ months Management will continue to monitor this credit metric on a quarterly basis. Management estimates an allowance for each Customer Tenure bucket by performing a historical migration analysis of loans in that bucket for the twelve most recent historical twelve-month migration periods, adjusted for seasonality. All loans that are greater than 90 days past due on a recency basis and not written off as of the reporting date are reserved for at 100% of the outstanding balance, net of a calculated Rehab Rate. Management considers whether current credit conditions might suggest a change is needed to the allowance for credit losses by monitoring trends in first pay success for new borrowers, 60-89 day delinquencies on a recency basis, FICO scores, percent of loan balances that are paying and percentage of gross loans that are acquired loans. From time to time, the Company will make changes, as deemed appropriate, to our new borrower (NB) underwriting guidance. As a result, management also considers whether a change in our NB underwriting might suggest a change is needed to the allowance for credit losses. As of March 31, 2023, there were no current credit conditions or other factors considered significant enough to warrant a change to the allowance for credit losses. Due to the short term nature of the loan portfolio, forecasted changes in macro-economic variables such as unemployment do not have a significant impact on loans outstanding at the end of a particular reporting period. Therefore, management develops a reasonable and supportable forecast of losses by comparing the most recent 6-month loss curves as compared to historical loss curves to see if there are significant changes in borrower behavior that may indicate the historical migration rates should be adjusted. If an adjustment is made as a result of the forecast, then the Company has elected to immediately revert back to historical experience past the forecast period. The following table is an aging analysis on a recency basis at amortized cost of the Company’s gross loans receivable at March 31, 2023: Days Past Due - Recency Basis Customer Tenure Current 30 - 60 61 - 90 Over 90 Total Past Due Total Loans 0 to 5 months $ 64,615,315 $ 5,451,276 $ 4,407,751 $ 7,329,327 $ 17,188,354 $ 81,803,669 6 to 17 months 113,946,833 6,527,355 4,655,441 8,520,559 19,703,355 133,650,188 18 to 35 months 120,125,820 5,336,994 3,727,331 6,206,041 15,270,366 135,396,186 36 to 59 months 217,851,608 7,871,872 4,713,501 7,525,438 20,110,811 237,962,419 60+ months 748,217,957 20,509,264 11,521,212 18,392,619 50,423,095 798,641,052 Tax advance loans 1,936,131 610,580 4,845 10,498 625,923 2,562,054 Total gross loans 1,266,693,664 46,307,341 29,030,081 47,984,482 123,321,904 1,390,015,568 Unearned interest, insurance and fees (343,255,876) (12,548,627) (7,866,737) (13,003,109) (33,418,473) (376,674,349) Total net loans $ 923,437,788 $ 33,758,714 $ 21,163,344 $ 34,981,373 $ 89,903,431 $ 1,013,341,219 Percentage of period-end gross loans receivable 3.3% 2.1% 3.5% 8.9% The following table is an aging analysis on a recency basis at amortized cost of the Company’s gross loans receivable at March 31, 2022: Days Past Due - Recency Basis Customer Tenure Current 30 - 60 61 - 90 Over 90 Total Past Due Total Loans 0 to 5 months $ 145,168,588 $ 13,450,365 $ 14,196,717 $ 25,924,805 $ 53,571,887 $ 198,740,475 6 to 17 months 116,065,794 5,548,699 4,148,743 7,902,330 17,599,772 133,665,566 18 to 35 months 183,697,553 7,220,814 4,903,686 9,118,270 21,242,770 204,940,323 36 to 59 months 193,820,229 5,951,049 3,452,087 5,712,662 15,115,798 208,936,027 60+ months 720,695,865 19,739,361 11,145,251 19,102,672 49,987,284 770,683,149 Tax advance loans 4,744,774 1,062,145 432 15,969 1,078,546 5,823,320 Total gross loans 1,364,192,803 52,972,433 37,846,916 67,776,708 158,596,057 1,522,788,860 Unearned interest, insurance and fees (361,055,818) (14,020,016) (10,016,802) (17,938,208) (41,975,027) (403,030,844) Total net loans $ 1,003,136,985 $ 38,952,417 $ 27,830,114 $ 49,838,500 $ 116,621,030 $ 1,119,758,016 Percentage of period-end gross loans receivable 3.5% 2.5% 4.5% 10.4% The following table provides a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a contractual basis and year of origination at March 31, 2023: Days Past Due - Contractual Basis Loans Current 30 - 60 61 - 90 Over 90 Total Past Due Total Loans 0 to 5 months $ 61,850,144 $ 5,320,659 $ 4,864,498 $ 9,768,369 $ 19,953,526 $ 81,803,670 6 to 17 months 109,694,389 6,892,610 5,613,468 11,449,721 23,955,799 133,650,188 18 to 35 months 115,711,781 5,721,694 4,499,010 9,463,701 19,684,405 135,396,186 36 to 59 months 212,104,582 8,751,303 5,917,982 11,188,551 25,857,836 237,962,418 60+ months 730,153,886 24,406,129 15,199,670 28,881,367 68,487,166 798,641,052 Tax advance loans 1,932,607 609,844 — 19,603 629,447 2,562,054 Total gross loans $ 1,231,447,389 $ 51,702,239 $ 36,094,628 $ 70,771,312 $ 158,568,179 $ 1,390,015,568 Unearned interest, insurance and fees $ (333,704,639) $ (14,010,568) $ (9,781,128) $ (19,178,014) $ (42,969,710) $ (376,674,349) Total net loans $ 897,742,750 $ 37,691,671 $ 26,313,500 $ 51,593,298 $ 115,598,469 $ 1,013,341,219 Percentage of period-end gross loans receivable 3.7% 2.6% 5.1% 11.4% The following table provides a breakdown of the Company’s gross loans receivable by current payment performance on a contractual basis and year of origination at March 31, 2022: Days Past Due - Contractual Basis Loans Current 30 - 60 61 - 90 Over 90 Total Past Due Total Loans 0 to 5 months $ 140,570,461 $ 14,090,712 $ 15,380,836 $ 28,698,466 $ 58,170,014 $ 198,740,475 6 to 17 months 112,465,841 6,032,347 4,922,939 10,244,439 21,199,725 133,665,566 18 to 35 months 177,565,328 8,067,815 6,273,351 13,033,829 27,374,995 204,940,323 36 to 59 months 188,849,569 6,994,891 4,624,136 8,467,431 20,086,458 208,936,027 60+ months 702,984,756 23,645,619 15,443,941 28,608,833 67,698,393 770,683,149 Tax advance loans 4,737,742 1,060,329 — 25,249 1,085,578 5,823,320 Total gross loans $ 1,327,173,697 $ 59,891,713 $ 46,645,203 $ 89,078,247 $ 195,615,163 $ 1,522,788,860 Unearned interest, insurance and fees $ (351,258,109) $ (15,851,316) $ (12,345,412) $ (23,576,007) $ (51,772,735) $ (403,030,844) Total net loans $ 975,915,588 $ 44,040,397 $ 34,299,791 $ 65,502,240 $ 143,842,428 $ 1,119,758,016 Percentage of period-end gross loans receivable 3.9% 3.1% 5.8% 12.8% The Company elected not to record an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest as outlined in ASC 326-20-30-5A. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when management determines that the full payment of principal and collection of interest according to contractual terms is no longer likely. The accrual of interest is discontinued when a loan is 61 days or more past the contractual due date. When the interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against interest income. While a loan is on nonaccrual status, interest income is recognized only when a payment is received. Once a loan moves to nonaccrual status, it remains in nonaccrual status until it is paid out, charged off or refinanced. During the twelve months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, the Company reversed a total of $36.5 million and $30.6 million, respectively of unpaid accrued interest against interest income. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, as well as interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021: Nonaccrual Loans Receivable Customer Tenure As of March 31, 2023 As of March 31, 2022 Interest Income Interest Income Interest Income 0 to 5 months $ 15,781,494 $ 45,227,510 $ 2,032,098 $ 1,485,356 $ 1,705,371 6 to 17 months 18,288,714 15,879,250 1,815,167 1,662,082 2,433,144 18 to 35 months 15,551,806 20,745,106 2,385,356 2,292,776 2,195,160 36 to 59 months 19,175,410 14,232,388 2,326,640 1,602,011 1,609,059 60+ months 49,855,801 47,565,819 7,047,726 5,615,521 6,747,722 Tax advance loans 19,603 25,249 — — — Unearned interest, insurance and fees (32,158,640) (38,026,011) — — — Total $ 86,514,188 $ 105,649,311 $ 15,606,987 $ 12,657,746 $ 14,690,456 As of March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, there were no loans receivable 61 days or more past due, not on nonaccrual status, and no loans receivable with no related allowance for credit losses. The following is a summary of the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021: 2023 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 134,242,862 $ 91,722,288 $ 96,487,856 Impact of ASC 326 adoption — — 28,628,368 Provision for credit losses 259,463,199 186,207,341 86,244,714 Charge-offs 1 (302,380,145) (164,747,552) (141,270,125) Recoveries 2 34,226,817 21,060,785 21,631,475 Net charge-off (268,153,328) (143,686,767) (119,638,650) Balance at end of period $ 125,552,733 $ 134,242,862 $ 91,722,288 |