Our consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are set forth below:
Our historical operating results as a percentage of net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are set forth below:
Year Ended December 31, 2003 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2002.
Revenues. Revenues increased by $11.6 million, or 40.3%, to $40.5 million in 2003 from $28.9 million in 2002. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $12.0 million, or 110%, in capsule sales and an increase of $1.0 million, or 126.7%, in service contract revenues, offset by a decrease of $1.4 million, or 7.8%, in workstation and data recorder sales. We estimate that approximately 70% of the increase of $11.6 million in revenues was attributable to the increase in product sales, approximately 17% of the increase was attributable to currency gains due to the strengthening of the Euro and the Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar, and approximately 13% of the increase was attributable to higher average selling prices resulting from a higher percentage of direct sales compared to sales through distributors and an increase in selling prices during the year. We believe that the decrease in workstation and data recorder sales resulted primarily from our decision to permit our distributors, principally in the Far East, not to comply with minimum purchase requirements in order to reduce their inventory levels.
Cost of revenues and gross margin. Cost of revenues increased by $1.6 million, or 13.8%, to $13.6 million in 2003 from $11.9 million in 2002, compared to an increase of 40.3% in revenues during the same period. This increase occurred due to the increase in sales of the M2A capsule in 2003 and primarily resulted from an increase of $2.1 million related to the cost of materials and components, an increase of $130,000 related to manufacturing expenses, including depreciation, offset by a decrease of $490,000 in royalties payable to the Office of the Chief Scientist. The smaller increase in cost of revenues compared to revenues resulted primarily from a decrease in the cost of components for the Given System as we increased manufacturing volumes from the smaller quantities we had manufactured in 2002 and an increase in manufacturing efficiencies achieved by moving to a semi-automated production line. Gross margin was 66.6% in 2003 compared to 58.8% in 2002.
During 2003, we implemented a plan to reduce our operating costs in order to achieve our profitability targets. This plan included a reduction in force of approximately 40 employees, or 15% percent of our workforce at the time, principally from our manufacturing facilities, as well as from other departments. It also included deferring non-essential expenditures. The implementation of this plan contributed to the smaller increase in our cost of revenues and operating expenses compared to the increase in our revenues.
Research and development. Research and development expenses decreased by $1.6 million, or 18.3%, to $7.0 million in 2003 from $8.6 million in 2002. This decrease was primarily due to a write down of obsolete components in connection with production modifications and redesign in 2002, which did not recur in 2003.
Research and development expenses, net of grants received from the Office of the Chief Scientist, decreased by $2.9 million, or 33.4%, to $5.7 million in 2003 from $8.6 million in 2002. Grants totaling $1.3 million were received in 2003 compared to no grants in 2002. In 2003, we received grants for new products under development. In 2002, we did not receive any grants due to completion of our program to develop the Given System for which we had previously received grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist.
Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased by $4.1 million, or 18.2%, to $26.8 million in 2003 from $22.7 million in 2002. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $3.5 million due to the hiring of additional sales and marketing personnel, principally in the United States and Europe, and an increase of $810,000 due to sales and marketing activities in Japan of our Japanese subsidiary, Given Imaging K.K.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased by $563,000, or 11.9%, to $5.3 million in 2003 from $4.7 million in 2002. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $180,000 related to insurance expenses, $240,000 related to additional general and administrative expenses, and $120,000 related to depreciation expenses.
Financing income, net. Financing income, net, decreased by $474,000, or 32.3%, to $1.0 million in 2003 from $1.5 million in 2002. Financing income in 2003 was derived primarily from currency translation gains of $840,000, interest income of $280,000 offset by bank expenses of $120,000. Financing income in 2002 was derived primarily from interest income of $760,000 and currency translation gains of $750,000. The decrease was primarily due to reduction of $490,000 in interest income.
Minority share in losses (profits) of subsidiary. Minority share in losses of subsidiary was $258,000 in 2003 compared to minority share in profits of subsidiary of $26,000 in 2002. Given Imaging K.K. did not derive any revenues in 2003.
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Year Ended December 31, 2002 compared to Year Ended December 31, 2001.
Revenues. Revenues increased by $24.2 million, or approximately 510%, to $28.9 million in 2002 from $4.7 million in 2001. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $13.9 million, or approximately 420%, in workstation and data recorder sales and an increase of $9.5 million, or approximately 700%, in capsule sales, from 2001. Approximately 90% of the increase of $24.2 million in revenues from sales was attributable to the increase in product sales and approximately 10% of the increase was attributable to higher average selling prices resulting from a higher percentage of direct sales compared to sales through distributors, an increase in selling prices during the year and currency gains due to the strengthening of the Euro against the U.S. dollar.
Cost of revenues and gross margin. Cost of revenues increased by $9.4 million, or 380.9%, to $11.9 million in 2002 from $2.5 million in 2001 compared to an increase of 510% in revenues during the same period. This increase occurred due to the increase in sales of the Given System in 2002 and primarily resulted from $6.8 million related to the cost of materials and components, $2.4 million related to manufacturing expenses including depreciation, $1.8 million related to salaries and related expenses and $900,000 of royalties payable to the Office of the Chief Scientist. The smaller increase in cost of revenues compared to revenues resulted from a decrease in the cost of components for the Given System and an increase in manufacturing efficiencies by moving to a semi-automated production line, and the manufacture of a greater volume of M2A capsules. Gross margin was 58.8% in 2002 compared to 47.7% in 2001.
Research and development. Research and development expenses increased by $2.5 million, or 39.8%, to $8.6 million in 2002 from $6.1 million in 2001. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $800,000 related to materials and subcontractors, an increase of $900,000 related to the hiring of additional research and development staff, and $200,000 for fees to consultants and clinical trials.
Research and development expenses, net of grants received from the Office of the Chief Scientist, increased by $2.5 million, or 40.8%, to $8.6 million in 2002 from $6.2 million in 2001. No grants were received in 2002. Grants totaled $44,000 in 2001. The decrease of $44,000 in grants was due to completion of our program to develop the Given System for which we received grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist.
Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased by $9.8 million, or 75.8%, to $22.7 million in 2002 from $12.9 million in 2001. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $5.3 million related to the hiring of additional marketing staff, principally in the United States and Europe, an increase of $1.7 million due to participation in trade shows and associated travel, an increase of $700,000 due to education and workshops for our customers, and $600,000 related to office expenses of our marketing and sales facilities.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased by $2.1 million, or 78.3%, to $4.7 million in 2002 from $2.7 million in 2001. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $670,000 related to the hiring of additional administrative staff at our global headquarters in Israel, an increase of $550,000 related to fees paid for legal, accounting, consulting services and insurance, and $500,000 related to additional office expenses.
Financing income, net. Financing income, net, increased by $705,000, or 92.3%, to $1.5 million in 2002 from $764,000 in 2001. This increase was primarily due to $746,000 of income earned from currency conversion gains related to the Euro and the Yen.
Other expenses, net. Other expenses, net, increased to $711,000 in 2002 from zero in 2001. This increase was primarily due to expenses incurred in connection with a proposed equity offering in 2002, which we did not complete, net of other income we recorded during the year.
Minority share in profits of subsidiary. Minority share in profits of subsidiary increased to $26,000 from zero in 2001. This increase resulted from the issuance in May 2002 of 49% of the equity of our Japanese subsidiary, Given Imaging K.K., to third parties. Given Imaging K.K. did not derive any revenues in 2002 and the profits were attributable to currency translation gains.
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Quarterly Results of Operations
We believe that many of our customers delay purchasing systems until the end of the fiscal quarter because they believe this will enable them to negotiate more favorable terms. Therefore, revenues from system sales are frequently concentrated at the end of each fiscal quarter making it difficult for us to determine the success of each quarter until its end and resulting in lower than expected quarterly revenues if external or other events cause a large number of potential customers to defer their purchasing decisions even for a short period of time. To date, revenues from sales of the M2A capsule have been spread more evenly throughout the quarter.
The tables below set forth unaudited consolidated statement of operations data in dollars for each of the eight consecutive quarters ended December 31, 2003. In management’s opinion, the unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this Form 20-F and include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of such financial information.
| | Three months ended | |
| | March 31, 2002 | | June 30, 2002 | | Sept. 30, 2002 | | Dec. 31, 2002 | | March 31, 2003 | | June 30, 2003 | | Sept. 30, 2003 | | Dec. 31, 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | (unaudited) (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 5,216 | | $ | 7,179 | | $ | 7,459 | | $ | 9,050 | | $ | 8,629 | | $ | 9,694 | | $ | 9,682 | | $ | 12,534 | |
Cost of revenues | | | (2,503 | ) | | (3,271 | ) | | (3,081 | ) | | (3,052 | ) | | (2,827 | ) | | (3,363 | ) | | (3,581 | ) | | (3,780 | ) |
Gross profit | | | 2,713 | | | 3,908 | | | 4,378 | | | 5,998 | | | 5,802 | | | 6,331 | | | 6,101 | | | 8,754 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development, net | | | (1,993 | ) | | (2,316 | ) | | (2,261 | ) | | (2,039 | ) | | (1,834 | ) | | (1,213 | ) | | (1,212 | ) | | (1,475 | ) |
Sales and marketing | | | (4,831 | ) | | (5,993 | ) | | (5,287 | ) | | (6,570 | ) | | (6,521 | ) | | (6,998 | ) | | (6,219 | ) | | (7,066 | ) |
General and administrative | | | (1,084 | ) | | (1,230 | ) | | (970 | ) | | (1,465 | ) | | (1,366 | ) | | (1,425 | ) | | (1,233 | ) | | (1,288 | ) |
Total operating expenses | | | (7,908 | ) | | (9,539 | ) | | (8,518 | ) | | (10,074 | ) | | (9,721 | ) | | (9,636 | ) | | (8,664 | ) | | (9,829 | ) |
Operating loss | | | (5,195 | ) | | (5,631 | ) | | (4,140 | ) | | (4,076 | ) | | (3,919 | ) | | (3,305 | ) | | (2,563 | ) | | (1,075 | ) |
Financing income (expenses), net | | | 281 | | | 725 | | | 105 | | | 358 | | | 228 | | | (174 | ) | | 573 | | | 368 | |
Other income (expenses) | | | (836 | ) | | 109 | | | 20 | | | (4 | ) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Minority share in (profits) losses of subsidiary | | | — | | | (118 | ) | | 65 | | | 27 | | | 68 | | | 129 | | | (67 | ) | | 128 | |
Net loss | | $ | (5,750 | ) | $ | (4,915 | ) | $ | (3,950 | ) | $ | (3,695 | ) | $ | (3,623 | ) | $ | (3,350 | ) | $ | (2,057 | ) | $ | (579 | ) |
Impact of Currency Fluctuations
Currency Risk. Our sales to our customers in 2003 were denominated 70% in U.S. dollars, 28% in Euros and 2% in other currencies, depending on the location of the customer or the distributor used to fulfill our customers’ orders. In 2003, 23% of our expenses, principally salaries and related personnel expenses were denominated in shekels, and we expect this level of shekel expenses to continue for the foreseeable future. If the value of a currency in which our revenues are denominated weakens against the value of a currency in which our expenses are denominated, there will be a negative impact on the profit margin for sales of the Given System. In addition, as of December 31, 2003, 15% of our cash and cash equivalents were denominated in Yen and we are therefore subject to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the Yen, the Dollar and the Euro. We have covered an expected surplus of Euros during 2004 against the devaluation of the Euro compared to the U.S. dollar by purchasing options to sell Euros and buy U.S. dollars at a pre-determined price. In addition, if we wish to maintain the dollar-denominated value of our product in non-U.S. markets, devaluation in the local currencies of our customers relative to the U.S. dollar could cause our customers to cancel or decrease orders or default on payment.
Translation Effect. The U.S. dollar is our functional currency, and our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report are prepared in U.S. dollars.
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B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Since our inception and until we commenced sales in 2001, we financed our operations primarily with the proceeds of sales of our equity securities. From our inception through December 31, 2003, we raised a total of $97.7 million through public and private sales of our equity securities. Since we commenced sales in 2001, we have collected more than $70.0 million in receivables. As of December 31, 2003, we had $25.4 million in cash and cash equivalents, and our working capital, which we calculate by subtracting our current liabilities from our current assets, was $35.0 million. We achieved positive cashflow from operations in the fourth quarter of 2003.
We believe that our cash reserves and expected cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures in 2004, including in connection with the launch of our esophageal capsule and the Patency System. If our estimates of revenues, expenses or capital or liquidity requirements change or are inaccurate or if cash generated from operations is insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or arrange debt financing, which could include establishing a line of credit. In addition, we may seek to sell additional equity or arrange debt financing to give us financial flexibility to pursue opportunities that may arise in the future if an opportunity that we consider attractive arises to raise additional funding. We have also applied to the Office of Chief Scientist for a grant to support our research and development activities in 2004. If our expectations as to revenues and expenses are not met and if we are unable to obtain additional financing when we need it or if we cannot obtain it on commercially reasonable terms, we may be required to reduce the scope of our planned product development and marketing efforts, which could potentially harm our business, financial condition and operating results.
The following table sets forth the components of our cash flows for the periods indicated:
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | $ | (19,198 | ) | | $ | (22,233 | ) | | $ | (8,548 | ) | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (5,005 | ) | | | (7,560 | ) | | | (2,647 | ) | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 64,131 | | | | 4,419 | | | | 653 | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | (58 | ) | | | (64 | ) | | | 117 | | |
Increase (decease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 39,870 | | | $ | (25,438 | ) | | $ | (10,425 | ) | |
Net cash used in operating activities was $8.5 million in 2003, $22.2 million in 2002 and $19.2 million in 2001. The decrease from 2002 to 2003 resulted primarily from a $8.7 million decrease in our net loss, a decrease of $1.8 million in inventories (compared to an increase of $7.4 million in 2002) and a decrease of $940,000 in our accounts receivable (compared to an increase of $5.0 million in 2002). This was offset by a decrease of $4.7 million in accounts payable (compared to an increase of $5.5 million in 2002). The decrease in accounts payable resulted principally from our decision in 2003 to decrease our inventories. During 2002, as we increased sales of the Given System, we increased the amount of our inventories to $10.7 million as of December 31, 2002 and we further increased our inventories during the first quarter of 2003 in anticipation of the war in Iraq. In the second half of 2003, we reduced our inventories and as of December 31, 2003, our inventories were $8.5 million. The increase in net cash used in operating activities from 2001 to 2002 resulted primarily from a increase of $7.4 million in inventories (compared to an increase of $2.6 million in 2001) and an increase of $5.0 million in accounts receivable (compared to an increase of $3.0 million in 2001), partially offset by an increase of $5.5 million in accounts payable (compared to an increase of $3.8 million in 2001). The increase in accounts payable resulted principally from our decision in 2002 to increase our inventories as we increased sales of the Given System. We expect that net cash used in operating activities will decrease during 2004.
Net cash used in investing activities was $2.6 million in 2003, $7.6 million in 2002 and $5.0 million in 2001. Investing activities consist primarily of capital expenditures and the capitalization of costs associated with our patents and trademarks, and the development of our web site. Our principal capital expenditures in 2003 were $1.5 million for machinery and equipment and $472,000 for patents. Our principal capital expenditures in 2002 were $4.8 million for machinery and equipment for our semi-automated production line and the back-up line. We expect that net cash used in investing activities will remain at approximately the same level in 2004 due to our planned investment in patents and in production lines for the esophageal capsule and our Patency System.
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Net cash provided by financing activities was $653,000 in 2003, $4.4 million in 2002 and $64.1 million in 2001. The decrease from 2001 to 2002 was primarily attributable to the completion of our initial public offering in October 2001. In 2003, net cash provided by financing activities resulted primarily from the payment of the exercise price for employee stock options.
Our net cash expenditures for operating and investing activities in 2003 were approximately $11.2 million. We expect to decrease net cash expenditures as our sales develop and we achieve profitability.
The following table of our material contractual obligations as of December 31, 2003, summarizes the aggregate effect that these obligations are expected to have on our cash flows in the periods indicated:
| | Payments due by period | |
Contractual obligations | | Total | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2007 | | Later Years | |
| | | | | | (unaudited) (in thousands) | | | | | |
Capital leases(1) | | $ | 31 | | $ | 27 | | $ | 4 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
Operating leases(2) | | | 4,100 | | | 1,731 | | | 1,449 | | | 655 | | | 142 | | | 123 | |
Total | | $ | 4,131 | | $ | 1,758 | | $ | 1,453 | | $ | 655 | | $ | 142 | | $ | 123 | |
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| (1) | Consists of capital leases for motor vehicles. |
| (2) | Consists of operating leases for office, manufacturing space and motor vehicles. |
Market Risk
We invest our excess cash in bank accounts and deposits located with a number of banks inside and outside of Israel, principally in Europe. These instruments have maturities of three months or less when acquired. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe that there is no material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments.
Corporate Tax
Israeli companies are generally subject to income tax at the corporate rate of 36%. As of December 31, 2003, our net operating loss carry-forwards for Israeli tax purposes amounted to $29.5 million. Under Israeli law, net operating losses can be carried forward indefinitely and offset against certain future taxable income.
In addition, our investment program in leasehold improvements and equipment at our manufacturing facility in Yoqneam, Israel has been granted approved enterprise status and we are, therefore, eligible for tax benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959. Subject to compliance with applicable requirements, the portion of our undistributed income derived from our approved enterprise program will be exempt from corporate tax for a period of ten years commencing in the first year in which we generate taxable income. To date, we have not generated taxable income. The ten-year period may not extend beyond the later of 14 years from the year in which approval was granted or 12 years from the year in which operations or production by the enterprise began. We received our approved enterprise status in 1999. As we continue to expand our production facilities, we have applied, and received, in 2002, an approval for the expansion of our production facilities during the subsequent two years under the alternative benefits track. The investments are expected to amount to $4.9 million and will be invested in Yoqneam, Israel. The plan is subject to certain terms set forth in the approval letter. We cannot assure you that we will receive approvals in the future for approved enterprise status or that tax benefits for approved enterprises will continue at current levels.
The period of tax benefits for our approved enterprise programs has not yet commenced, because we have yet to realize taxable income. However, we expect that a substantial portion of the income we derive in the future will be from this approved enterprise program. These benefits should result in income recognized by us being tax exempt for a specified period after we begin to report taxable income and exhaust any net operating loss carry-forwards. These benefits may not be applied to reduce the tax rate for any income that is not derived from sales of our product manufactured at our facility in Yoqneam, Israel.
Our approved enterprise status imposes certain requirements on us, such as the location of our manufacturing facility, location of certain subcontractors and the extent to which we may outsource portions of our production process.
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These requirements limit our freedom to pursue production arrangements that may otherwise be more favorable to us if we want to maintain these tax benefits. Therefore, we may be required to weigh the possible loss of these benefits against other benefits from pursuing arrangements which are not, or which may not be considered by the relevant Israeli authorities to be, in compliance with these requirements. If we do not meet these requirements, the law permits the authorities to cancel the tax benefits retroactively.
As of December 31, 2003, the net operating loss carry-forwards of our subsidiaries for tax purposes amounted to $23.9 million. A subsidiary’s net operating loss carry-forwards for tax purposes relating to a jurisdiction are generally available to offset future taxable income of such subsidiary in that jurisdiction, subject to applicable expiration dates.
Government Grants
Our research and development efforts have been financed, in part, through grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Commerce. We have applied and received approval for grants totaling $2.5 million from the Office of the Chief Scientist, including $1.3 million, which was provided by the Office of Chief Scientist to support our 2003 research and development.
Under Israeli law, royalties on the revenues derived from sales of the Given System or any part of the Given System are payable to the Israeli government, generally at the rate of 3.0% during the first three years, 4.0% over the following three years and 5.0% in or after the seventh year and the maximum aggregate royalties paid generally cannot exceed 100%.
The government of Israel does not own proprietary rights in technology developed using its funding and there is no restriction on the export of products manufactured using the technology. The technology is, however, subject to other legal restrictions, including the obligation to manufacture the product based on this technology in Israel and to obtain the Office of the Chief Scientist’s consent to transfer the technology or product rights to a third party. These restrictions may impair our ability to outsource manufacturing or enter into similar arrangements for those products or technologies and they continue to apply even after we have paid the full amount of royalties payable for the grants. If the Office of the Chief Scientist consents to the manufacture of the products outside Israel, the regulations allow the Office of the Chief Scientist to require the payment of increased royalties, ranging from 120% to 300% of the amount of the grant plus interest, depending on the percentage of foreign manufacture. If the manufacturing is performed outside of Israel by us, the rate of royalties payable by us on revenues from the sale of products manufactured outside of Israel will increase by 1% over the regular rates. If the manufacturing is performed outside of Israel by a third party, the rate of royalties payable by us on those revenues will be a percentage equal to the percentage of our total investment in the Given System that was funded by grants. Following our request, the Office of the Chief Scientist has approved the manufacture of limited quantities of the M2A capsule in Pemstar’s facilities in Ireland without increasing royalty rates.
C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Our research and development expenditures, excluding grants received from the Office of the Chief Scientist, were $7.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, $8.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, and $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2001. Our research and development activities are conducted internally by our research and development and regulatory affairs staff primarily at our headquarters in Israel. As of December 31, 2003, our research and development staff consisted of 34 employees, as well as consultants and subcontractors. Our research and development efforts are focused primarily on developing new capsules to be used in the detection of abnormalities in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, the stomach and the colon.
D. TREND INFORMATION
See discussion in Parts A and B of Item 5 “Operating Results and Financial Review and Prospects.”
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ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
Our executive officers and directors and their ages and positions as of the date of this annual report are as follows:
Name | | Age | | Position |
| | | | |
Executive Officers: | | | | |
Gavriel D. Meron | | 51 | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
Kevin Rubey | | 46 | | Chief Operations Officer |
Zvi Ben David | | 43 | | Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Yoram Ashery | | 37 | | Corporate Vice President—Business Development |
Shoshana Friedman | | 50 | | Corporate Vice President—Regulatory and Medical Affairs |
Mark Gilreath | | 37 | | Corporate Vice President—Marketing Strategy |
Nancy L. S. Sousa | | 47 | | Corporate Vice President and President of Given Imaging, Inc. |
Manfred Gehrtz | | 53 | | Corporate Vice President, General Manager for Europe |
Pablo Halpern(1) | | 53 | | Corporate Vice President, General Manager for Japan and Rest of World |
Sharon Koninksy | | 32 | | Director of Corporate Human Resources |
| | | | |
Directors: | | | | |
Doron Birger(2) | | 52 | | Chairman of the Board of Directors |
James M. Cornelius(2)(3)(4) | | 60 | | Director |
Michael Grobstein(2)(3)(4) | | 61 | | Director |
Jonathan Silverstein(2) | | 37 | | Director |
Reuven Baron | | 60 | | Director |
Dr. Dalia Megiddo(3) | | 52 | | Director |
Chen Barir | | 45 | | Director |
Eyal Lifschitz | | 36 | | Director |
______________
| (1) | Mr. Halpern has resigned his position effective April 30, 2004. |
| (2) | Member of our compensation and nominating committee. |
| (3) | Member of our audit committee and independent director under Nasdaq National Market listing requirements. |
| (4) | Outside director under the Israeli Companies Law. |
Gavriel D. Meron founded Given Imaging in 1998 and has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer since that time. Mr. Meron became a director in August 2002. Prior to founding us, from 1995 to 1997, Mr. Meron served as Chief Executive Officer of APPLItec Ltd., an Israeli designer and manufacturer of video cameras and systems primarily for the medical endoscopy market. From 1993 to 1995, Mr. Meron was General Manager and Chief Operating Officer of Optibase Ltd., an Israeli manufacturer of hardware and software products that compress and playback digital video and sound for multimedia applications. From 1988 to 1993, Mr. Meron was Chief Financial Officer of InterPharm Laboratories Ltd., an Israeli company listed on the Nasdaq National Market and a subsidiary of the Ares-Serono Group, a Swiss ethical pharmaceutical company. From 1983 to 1987, Mr. Meron held various management positions at the Tadiran Group, an Israeli telecommunications and semiconductor manufacturer. From 1973 to 1983, Mr. Meron served as an officer in the Israeli army overseeing the budgets of a range of military industries. Mr. Meron holds an M.B.A. from Tel Aviv University and a B.A. in economics and statistics from the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Kevin Rubey has served as our Chief Operations Officer since June 2001. Prior to joining us, from 1998 to May 2001, Mr. Rubey worked at Eastman Kodak Company, a consumer and professional photographic and information imaging company where he led manufacturing and operations for the Health Imaging Business Unit. From 1996 to 1998, Mr. Rubey was Manufacturing Director of the Medical Imaging Business Unit of Imation Corporation, a U.S. information technology company specializing in data storage and color image management. Prior to that, from 1977 to 1996, Mr. Rubey worked at the 3M Corporation in a variety of positions in the health, consumer and information technology businesses. Mr. Rubey holds a B.Sc. in mechanical engineering and an M.B.A. from the University of Minnesota.
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Zvi Ben David has served as our Corporate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since July 2000 and served as a director since our establishment in 1998 to June 2000. From 1995 to June 2000, Mr. Ben David was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of RDC Rafael Development Corporation, one of our principal shareholders. From 1994 to 1995, Mr. Ben David was manager of the finance division of Electrochemical Industries (Frutarom) Ltd., an Israeli company traded on the Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange and American Stock Exchange that produces petrochemical products. Prior to that, from 1989 to 1993, Mr. Ben David was manager of the economy and control department of Electrochemical Industries (Frutarom) Ltd. From 1984 to 1988, Mr. Ben David worked at Avigosh & Kerbs, an accounting firm in Haifa, Israel. Mr. Ben David is a certified public accountant in Israel and holds a B.A. in economics and accounting from the University of Haifa.
Yoram Ashery has served as our Corporate Vice President – Business Development since April 2001. Prior to joining us, from 1995 to April 2001, Mr. Ashery was a corporate attorney, practicing in the fields of technology and medical devices and privatizations as an associate and, from January 2000, as a partner, with the law firm of Zellermayer, Pelossof & Co., who are also our legal counsel. Prior to that, Mr. Ashery served at the Office of the Attorney General of the Government of Israel, from 1993 to 1994, during which period he also completed his internship under the direct supervision of the Israeli Attorney General. From 1992 to 1996, Mr. Ashery also served as a junior lecturer in Tax Law at the Buchman Faculty of Law of the Tel-Aviv University. Mr. Ashery holds an LL.B. from the Buchman Faculty of Law of the Tel-Aviv University and a B.A. in Economics from the School of Social Sciences of the Tel-Aviv University.
Shoshana Friedman has served as our Corporate Vice President-Regulatory and Medical Affairs since January 2002. Ms. Friedman served as a consultant to us and as a member of our advisory board to our Chief Executive Officer from 1998 to January 2002. Prior to joining us, from 1996 to 2002, Ms. Friedman served as the Managing Director of PuSH-med Ltd., a regulatory consulting firm that she founded, which provided consulting services to medical device and biotechnology companies. From 1993 to 1996, Ms. Friedman was Regulatory, Clinical and Quality Assurance Director at InStent Ltd., an Israeli medical device company that was acquired by Medtronic, Inc. in 1996. Ms. Friedman holds a Quality Assurance Lead Assessor certificate from Bywater, Inc. and a Regulatory Affairs Certificate from the Regulatory Affairs Professional Society. Ms. Friedman holds a B.Sc. in mathematics and physics from Haifa University and an M.B.A. from the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
Mark Gilreath has served as Corporate Vice President – Marketing Strategy since January 2003. He previously served as President of Given Imaging, Inc. since April 2001. Prior to that, he served as our Vice President – Global Business Development since September 2000 and as a consultant to us from October 1999 to September 2000. In 1999, Mr. Gilreath founded VortexMed, Inc., a developer of internet sites for healthcare professionals, where he served as Chief Executive Officer until September 2000. From 1992 to 1999, Mr. Gilreath held various management positions with PENTAX Precision Instrument Corporation including Product Manager, Director of Marketing, Area Sales Manager and Director of Business Development. Prior to joining PENTAX, from 1989 to 1992, Mr. Gilreath served as an officer in the U.S. Navy. He holds a B.Sc. in business finance from Winthrop University and a M.B.A. from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University.
Nancy L. S. Sousa has served as Corporate Vice President since May 2003 and President, Given Imaging, Inc. since January 2003. Prior to joining us, she held several positions at Eastman Kodak Company from 1980 through 2002, including Director, System Concepts Center, and prior to that, as Vice President, New Business Development, Health Imaging. In addition, to those positions, she previously served as Vice President, OEM Products, Consumer Imaging, Director, Strategic Business Planning, Consumer Imaging, and Product Manager, Projectors and Cameras. Ms. Sousa holds an M.Sc. in mathematics from University of Notre Dame and an M.A. in mathematics from The State University of New York.
Manfred Gehrtz has served as our Corporate Vice President, General Manager for Europe since January 2004. From 1995 to January 2004, Dr. Gehrtz was Managing Director, the head of the Endoscope Division and Vice President of Medical Systems Europe at Olympus Optical Co. (Europa) GmbH, a developer of products in the fields of photography, endoscopy, microscopy, communication and diagnostics. From 1990 to 1995, Dr. Gehrtz was Managing Director and CEO of Aesculap Meditec GmbH, a German company that develops and manufactures medical laser systems. Prior to that, from 1986 to 1990, Dr. Gehrtz was a Specialist, Lab Manager and Production Facility Manager at IBM Deutschland GmbH. Dr. Manfred holds a Ph. D. in Physical Chemistry and a M.Sc. in Physics from the University of Munich, Germany. From 1983 to 1985 Dr. Gehrtz was a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the IBM Research Laboratory in San Jose, California.
Sharon Koninsky has served as Director of Corporate Human Resources since 2002 and, prior to that, as Human Resources Manager. She has served as Executive Assistant to the President and Chief Executive Officer since 1998. Prior to joining us, from 1997 until 1998, Ms. Koninsky worked in the marketing department of Geotek Technologies Ltd., an
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Israeli telecommunications company. In 1996 Ms. Koninsky was responsible for placing personnel in administrative positions while employed at a manpower organization in Haifa. Ms. Koninsky holds a B.A. in social work and an M.A. in public administration, both from Haifa University.
Pablo Halpern has served as our Corporate Vice President, General Manager for Japan and Rest of Word since 2003 and, prior to that, as our Corporate Vice President – Global Sales and Marketing since 1999. Prior to joining us, from 1994 to 1999, he served as General Manager of Ultramind International Ltd. (now Ultrasys plc), a British company that manufactures personal computer-based products for the medical professional market. From 1991 to 1994, Mr. Halpern was an international marketing consultant with the Israeli Export Institute. From 1989 to 1991, Mr. Halpern served as General Manager of Barspec Ltd., an Israeli company that manufactured products for the analytical instrumentation market. Mr. Halpern holds a B.Sc. in electro-mechanical engineering and an M.Sc. in electrical engineering from the faculty of engineering, Buenos Aires National University.
Doron Birger has served as Chairman of the board of directors since August 2002 and as a director since June 2000. Mr. Birger has served as Chief Executive Officer of Elron Electronic Industries since August 2002, President since 2001, Chief Financial Officer from 1994 to August 2002, and Corporate Secretary from 1994 to 2001. Mr. Birger is a director of RDC Rafael Development Corporation and Elbit Systems Ltd. From 1991 to 1994, Mr. Birger was Vice President-Finance at North Hills Electronics Ltd., an advanced electronics company. From 1990 to 1991, Mr. Birger served as Chief Financial Officer of Middle-East Pipes Ltd., a manufacturer in the metal industry. From 1988 to 1990, Mr. Birger served as Chief Financial Officer of Maquette Ltd., a manufacturer and exporter of fashion items. From 1981 to 1988, Mr. Birger was Chief Financial Officer and director at Bateman Engineering Ltd. and I.D.C. Industrial Development Company Ltd. Mr. Birger holds a B.A. and an M.A. in economics from the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
James M. Cornelius has served as a director since October 2001 and was elected as an outside director in December 2001. Mr. Cornelius currently serves as the non-executive Chairman of the board of directors of Guidant Corporation, a U.S. cardiac and vascular medical device company. From 1994 until 2000, Mr. Cornelius served as the Senior Executive and Chairman of Guidant Corporation. From 1983 to 1994, Mr. Cornelius was a director, a member of the Executive Committee and Chief Financial Officer of Eli Lilly and Company. From 1980 to 1982, Mr. Cornelius served as President and Chief Executive Officer of IVAC Corporation, formerly part of Eli Lilly’s Medical Device and Diagnostics Division, and from 1978 to 1980, Mr. Cornelius was Director of Acquisitions for Eli Lilly’s Medical Device and Diagnostics Division. Mr. Cornelius currently also serves as a director of The Chubb Corporation, Hughes Electronics and The National Bank of Indianapolis. Mr. Cornelius holds an M.B.A. and a B.A. in accounting from Michigan State University.
Michael Grobstein has served as a director since October 2001 and was elected as an outside director in December 2001. Mr. Grobstein has served as a director of Guidant Corporation since 1999, and is currently chairman of Guidant’s audit committee and a member of its corporate governance committee. Mr. Grobstein worked with Ernst & Young LLP from 1964 to 1998, and was admitted as a partner in 1975. At Ernst & Young, Mr. Grobstein served as a Vice Chairman-International Operations from 1993 to 1998, as Vice Chairman-Planning, Marketing and Industry Services from 1987 to 1993, and Vice Chairman-Accounting and Auditing Services from 1984 to 1987. In these positions, Mr. Grobstein, among other things, oversaw the global strategic planning of the firm, was responsible for developing and implementing the firm’s worldwide audit service delivery process and consulted with multinational corporations on a wide variety of financial reporting matters. Mr. Grobstein is a certified public accountant in the United States and holds a B.Sc. in accounting from the University of Illinois.
Jonathan Silverstein has served as a director since September 2000. Mr. Silverstein joined OrbiMed Advisors LLC in 1999 and is currently a managing director. From 1996 to 1999, Mr. Silverstein was the Director of Life Sciences in the Investment Banking Department at the Sumitomo Bank Limited. From 1994 to 1996, Mr. Silverstein was an associate at Hambro Resource Development. Mr. Silverstein serves as a director of DOV Pharmaceuticals, Auxilium Pharmaceuticals and Predix Pharmaceuticals, and is a former director for Orthovita, Inc. and LifeCell Corporation. Mr. Silverstein has a B.A. in economics from Denison University and a J.D. and an M.B.A. from the University of San Diego.
Reuven Baron has served as a director since July 2000. Mr. Baron has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of RDC Rafael Development Corporation since June 2000. Prior to that, from 1993 to 2000, he was President of Galram Technology Industries, the business division of Rafael Armament Development Authority, and from 1994 to 2000, he was Chairman of Opgal Industries Ltd., an Israeli manufacturer of thermal imaging products. From 1990 to 1993, Mr. Baron was Director of Business Development for the Electronics Systems Division of Rafael. Mr. Baron holds a B.Sc. and an M.Sc. in electrical engineering from the Israel Institute of Technology.
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Dr. Dalia Megiddo has served as a director since October 2001. Dr. Megiddo is Managing Partner of InnoMed Medical Device Innovations, a Israeli venture capital fund in the field of medical devices and the life sciences, and was recently appointed a director of Elron Electronic Industries, one of our shareholders. Since 1994, Dr. Megiddo has also served a Chief Editor of Academia Medica, a multimedia medical teaching program in Israel and since 1996 as Editor of the Israeli medical audio magazine, The Journal Club. Dr. Megiddo also currently serves as a director of Elron Electronic Industries. From 1981 to 1986, Dr. Megiddo practiced family medicine at the Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Health Center. Dr. Megiddo holds an M.D. in medicine from Hebrew University, Jerusalem and an M.B.A. from Kellogg Recanati International Executive M.B.A. program of Tel Aviv University and North Western University.
Chen Barir has served as director since August 2002. Mr. Barir is Chairman of Berman & Co. Trading and Investments Ltd. and subsidiaries, a private investment company specializing in seed and early stage venture investments and management focusing primarily on medical devices, investments in emerging markets and real estate. Mr. Barir is Chairman of Galil Medical Ltd. and Sunlight Medical Ltd., and a director of Optonol, Inc. and Elron Electronic Industries Ltd. Mr. Barir holds an M.B.A. from the European Institute of Business Administration (INSEAD) in Fontainebleau, France, and a Doctorate in Law and Economics from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Eyal Lifschitz has served as a director since December 2003. Since 2001, Mr. Lifschitz has served as Chief Executive Officer and General Manager of Peregrine Ventures, a venture capital fund focused on the technology industry in Israel. Prior to that, Mr. Lifschitz was co-founder of a number of medical technology and biotech companies, including Becontree Systems, Inc., where he served as Director of Business Development from 1999 to 2001, Vision Care Ophthalmic Technologies, Inc., where he served as Director of Business Development from 1997 to 2001, ECR Ltd., where he served as General Manager from 1994 to 2001, and Pharmacies, Inc., where he served as Director of Business Development from 1990 to 1994. Mr. Lifschitz holds an LL.B. from Shearei Mishpat, Israel.
B. COMPENSATION
The aggregate compensation paid by us and our subsidiaries to our directors and executive officers, including stock-based compensation, for the year ended December 31, 2003 was $1.8 million (excluding director fees detailed below). This amount includes approximately $230,000 set aside or accrued to provide pension, severance, retirement or similar benefits or expenses, but does not include business travel, relocation, professional and business association dues and expenses reimbursed to office holders, and other benefits commonly reimbursed or paid by companies in Israel.
During the first half of 2003, we paid each director (excluding Gavriel Meron) a quarterly fee of $3,750 for their service on our board of directors, and a $1,500 fee for attending and participating in each meeting of the board of directors or any committee of the Board of Directors. We paid an additional quarterly fee of $1,250 to the chairman of the audit committee. During the second half of 2003, as part of our plan to reduce operating costs, director compensation was reduced to 50% of these amounts. The total amount of these payments in 2003 was $170,000. The directors fees in respect of service by our director, Doron Birger, are paid to Elron Electronics Industries, where he serves as President and Chief Executive Officer, and in respect of service by our director, Reuben Baron, are paid to RDC Rafael Development Corporation, where he serves as President and Chief Executive Officer. In addition, all of our directors were reimbursed for their expenses for each board of directors meeting attended. In addition, in 2003, we granted options to purchase 25,000 ordinary shares to each of our directors, Michael Grobstein, James Cornelius and Eyal Lifschitz, options to purchase 11,000 ordinary shares to each of our directors, Jonathan Silverstein and Dalia Megiddo and options to purchase 8,000 ordinary shares to Chen Barir. The exercise price of these options was equal to the fair market value of our ordinary shares on the date of grant.
In 2003, the base salary of Gavriel Meron, our President and Chief Executive Officer, who is also a director, was $220,000. This base salary was subject to a 17.4% reduction as part of measures that we took in July 2003 to reduce our operating costs which will remain in effect until March 31, 2004. In 2003, our shareholders approved (1) a lump sum bonus of $100,000 in respect of Mr. Meron’s performance during 2002, and (2) a grant of options to purchase 50,000 ordinary shares at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our ordinary shares on the date of grant, vesting in four equal annual installments commencing on the date of the grant. Mr. Meron also has the use of an automobile and 22 days of paid vacation per year, as well as other benefits commonly paid by companies in Israel. Please see Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Agreements with Directors and Officers—Employment Agreements” for information regarding Mr. Meron’s employment agreement and compensation subject to shareholder approval.
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C. BOARD PRACTICE
Board of Directors and Officers
Our articles of association provide that we may have up to 12 directors, each of whom is elected at an annual general meeting of our shareholders by a vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power present and voting at that meeting. Our board of directors currently consists of nine directors. Each director listed above will hold office until the next annual general meeting of our shareholders which is currently scheduled to occur on April 27, 2004, except for our outside directors who were elected in December 2001 for an initial three-year term which will expire in December 2004 pursuant to the Companies Law and may be extended to one additional three-year term. Other than Gavriel Meron, our President and Chief Executive Officer, none of our directors are our employees or are party to a service contract with us.
A simple majority of our shareholders at a general meeting may remove any of our directors from office, elect directors in their stead or fill any vacancy, however created, in our board of directors. In addition, vacancies on the board of directors, other than vacancies created by an outside director, may be filled by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office. Our board of directors may also appoint additional directors up to the maximum number permitted under our articles of association. A director so chosen or appointed will hold office until the next general meeting of our shareholders.
Each of our executive officers serves at the discretion of the board of directors and holds office until his or her successor is elected or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers. All of our executive officers have signed employment agreements.
Outside and Independent Directors
Under Israel’s Companies Law, companies incorporated under the laws of the State of Israel whose shares are listed on an exchange including the Nasdaq National Market are required to appoint two outside directors. Outside directors are required to meet standards of independence set forth in the Israeli companies law. Outside directors are elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either (1) the majority of shares voted at the meeting, including at least one-third of the shares of non-controlling shareholders voted at the meeting, vote in favor of the election of the outside director, or (2) the total number of shares voted against the election of the outside director does not exceed one percent of the aggregate voting rights in the company. The initial term of an outside director is three years and he or she may be reelected to one additional term of three years by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, subject to the conditions described above for election of outside directors. Outside directors may only be removed by the same percentage of shareholders as is required for their election, or by a court, and then only if the outside directors cease to meet the statutory requirements for their appointment or if they violate their duty of loyalty to the company. If an outside directorship becomes vacant, a company’s board of directors is required under the Companies Law to call a shareholders’ meeting immediately to appoint a new outside director. Our two outside directors are James Cornelius and Michael Grobstein.
Each committee of a company’s board of directors is required to include at least one outside director and our audit committee is required to include both outside directors. An outside director is entitled to compensation as provided in regulations adopted under the Companies Law and is otherwise prohibited from receiving any other compensation, directly or indirectly, in connection with services provided as an outside director.
In addition to the requirements of the Companies Law, we must comply with the Nasdaq National Market listing requirements, under which our board of directors must have at least three independent directors as defined in those rules. Commencing on July 31, 2005, a majority of the members of our board of directors (including all members of our audit committee) will be required to be independent under the rules of the Nasdaq National Market.
Audit Committee
Under the Companies Law, the board of directors of any company whose shares are listed on any exchange must also appoint an audit committee comprised of at least three directors including all of the outside directors. The audit committee may not include the chairman of the board of directors, the general manager, the chief executive officer, a director employed by the company or who provides services to the company on a regular basis, or a controlling shareholder or a relative of a controlling shareholder. Under the rules of the Nasdaq National Market listing requirements, we are required to have an audit committee consisting of at least three independent directors, all of whom are financially literate and one of
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whom has accounting or related financial management expertise. We believe that our directors, Michael Grobstein, James Cornelius and Dalia Megiddo, meet these independence requirements. Commencing on July 31, 2005, the members of our audit committee will be required to meet more stringent independence requirements under Nasdaq National Market rules, including minimum standards set forth in rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and adopted by the Nasdaq National Market.
Under the Companies Law, the role of the audit committee is to identify irregularities in the business management of the company, in consultation with the internal auditor and the company’s independent accountants, and suggest an appropriate course of action. Under the Nasdaq National Market listing requirements, our audit committee has adopted an audit committee charter setting forth its responsibilities. In December 2003, we amended our audit committee charter to reflect new rules of the Nasdaq National Market, which will become effective with respect to us on July 31, 2005. The audit committee charter governing the actions of our audit committee states that in fulfilling this role the committee is entitled to rely on interviews and consultations with our management, our internal auditor and our independent public accountant, and is not obligated to conduct any independent investigation or verification. The charter also states that the audit committee is required to nominate the company’s independent accountants, which the shareholders subsequently are required to approve.
Internal Auditor
Under the Companies Law, the board of directors must appoint an internal auditor nominated by the audit committee. The role of the internal auditor is to examine whether a company’s actions comply with the law and orderly business procedure. Under the Companies Law, the internal auditor may be an employee of the company but not an interested party or an office holder, or affiliate, or a relative of an interested party or an office holder, nor may the internal auditor be the company’s independent accountant or its representative. An interested party is defined in the Companies Law as a 5% or greater shareholder, any person or entity who has the right to designate one director or more or the chief executive officer of the company or any person who serves as a director or as a chief executive officer. We have appointed Dr. Naftaly Fried of Kost Forer & Gabai, a member firm of Ernst & Young International, as our internal auditor.
Compensation and Nominating Committee
Our compensation and nominating committee consists of our directors James Cornelius, Doron Birger, Michael Grobstein and Jonathan Silverstein. In December 2003, in accordance with new Nasdaq National Market rules which will become effective with respect to us on July 31, 2005, our compensation and nominating committee adopted a charter, which sets forth its responsibilities. Pursuant to the charter, the compensation and nominating committee is authorized to make decisions regarding executive compensation and terms and conditions of employment, as well as to recommend that the board of directors issue options under our stock option plans. The compensation and nominating committee is also responsible for recommending to the board of directors nominees for board membership. The charter requires that the composition of the committee must satisfy the Nasdaq National Market’s independent director requirements.
D. EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2003, we and our subsidiaries had 232 employees of whom 133 were based in Israel, 63 in the United States, 34 in Europe and two in Australia. This reflects a 9% decrease in the number of employees since December 31, 2002, and reflected a 15% reduction in our workforce at the time, principally from our manufacturing facilities. This reduction in our workforce was the result of efficiency measures initiated to reduce our operating costs in order to achieve our profitability targets. The breakdown of our employees by department is as follows:
| | Year ended December 31, | |
Department | | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | |
Research and development | | 33 | | 45 | | 34 | |
Sales and marketing | | 84 | | 115 | | 131 | |
Manufacturing | | 36 | | 71 | | 49 | |
Management and administration | | 16 | | 21 | | 18 | |
Under law, we and our employees are subject to protective labor provisions, including restrictions on working hours, minimum wages, minimum vacation, minimal termination notice, sick pay, severance pay and social security as well as equal
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opportunity and anti-discrimination laws. Orders issued by the Israeli Ministry of Labor and Welfare make certain industry-wide collective bargaining agreements and collective bargaining agreements in the electricity, steel and electronics industries applicable to us. These agreements affect matters such as cost of living adjustments to salaries, length of working hours and week, recuperation, travel expenses, and pension rights. Our employees are not represented by a labor union . We provide our employees with benefits and working conditions above the required minimum and which we believe are competitive with benefits and working conditions provided by similar companies in Israel. We have written employment agreements with all of our Israeli employees and with our senior non-Israeli employees. Competition for qualified personnel in our industry is intense and we dedicate significant resources to employee retention. We have never experienced labor-related work stoppages and believe that our relations with our employees are good.
E. SHARE OWNERSHIP
Share Ownership by Directors and Executive Officers
For information regarding ownership of our ordinary shares by our directors and executive officers, and regarding options to purchase our ordinary shares granted to Gavriel Meron, our President and Chief Executive Officer, see Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”
Stock Option Plans
2003 Stock Option Plan
Our 2003 stock option plan provides for a grant of options to our directors, employees and consultants, including members of our medical advisory committee, and to the directors, employees or consultants of our subsidiaries. We initially reserved a total of 1,500,000 ordinary shares for issuance under the plan. In addition, we have reserved for issuance under the plan any ordinary shares underlying unvested options granted under our 1998 and 2000 Stock Option Plans that expire without exercise. As of December 31, 2003, we had outstanding options to purchase 1,913,680 shares under the 2003 stock option plan. On February 10, 2004, our board of directors approved an increase of 1,000,000 ordinary shares available under the 2003 stock option plan, subject to shareholder approval.
The plan is substantially similar to our 2000 Stock Option Plan. Generally, where a grant of options under the plan is our first grant of options to that person, the options are not exercisable before the second anniversary of the date of grant, at which time 50% of the options become exercisable with 25% to become exercisable on each of the third and fourth anniversaries of the date of the grant. However, under the 2003 Stock Option Plan, in cases where we have granted options to a grantee under previous plans, 25% of the options will be exercisable at the time of the grant and 25% will be exercisable on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of the grant. Our compensation and nominating committee has the authority to accelerate the time periods for exercising options. Unexercised options expire ten years after the date of grant. To the extent the options have been vested, they may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time until their expiry. Upon the termination of the employment of an employee other than for cause the employee may exercise all vested options. If the employment of an employee is terminated for cause, all of his or her vested and unvested options will expire.
In the event of an acquisition or merger, we will endeavor to ensure that the rights of the holders of outstanding options are maintained. If we are unable to do so or if our board of directors resolves otherwise, all outstanding, but unvested, stock options will be accelerated and exercisable, ten days prior to the acquisition or merger. In addition, if the employment of a holder of outstanding options is terminated in anticipation of or during the 12 month period following an acquisition or merger, all outstanding but unvested stock options will be accelerated and exercisable, subject to certain adjustments and exceptions.
Options granted under the plan to Israeli residents may be granted under Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance pursuant to which the options or the ordinary shares issued upon their exercise must be deposited with a trustee for at least two years following the end of the calendar year in which the options are granted. Under Section 102 (1) any tax payable by an employee from the grant or exercise of the options is deferred until the transfer of the options or ordinary shares by the trustee to the employee or upon the sale of the options or ordinary shares, (2) gains are subject to capital gains tax of 25%.
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2000 Stock Option Plan
Our 2000 stock option plan provides for the grant of options to our directors, employees or consultants, including members of our medical advisory committee, and to the directors, employees or consultants of our subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2003, we had granted options to purchase 1,703,713 shares under the 2002 stock option plan. Ordinary shares underlying options which expire without exercise under the 2000 stock option plan become available for issuance under the 2003 stock option plan.
The plan is administered by our compensation and nominating committee which makes recommendations to our board of directors regarding grantees of options and the terms of the grant, including exercise prices, vesting schedules, acceleration of vesting and other matters necessary in the administration of the plan. Upon the recommendation of our compensation and nominating committee, options granted under the plan to Israeli residents may be granted under Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance pursuant to which the options or the ordinary shares issued upon their exercise must be deposited with a trustee for at least two years. Any tax payable by an employee from the grant or exercise of the options is deferred until the transfer of the options or ordinary shares by the trustee to the employee or upon the sale of the options or ordinary shares. Options granted under the plan to U.S. residents may also qualify as incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The exercise price for incentive stock options must not be not less than the fair market value on the date the option is granted, or 110% of the fair market value if the option holder holds more than 10% of our share capital.
Generally, options issued under the plan are not exercisable before the second anniversary of the date of grant at which time 50% of the options become exercisable and 25% on each of the third and fourth anniversaries of the date of grant. Unexercised options expire ten years after the date of grant. If the employment of an employee is terminated for cause, all of his or her vested and unvested options will expire.
In the event of an acquisition or merger, we will endeavor to ensure that the rights of the holders of outstanding options are maintained. If we are unable to do so or if our board of directors resolves otherwise, all outstanding, but unvested, stock options will be accelerated and exercisable, ten days prior to the acquisition or merger.
1998 Stock Option Plan
Our 1998 stock option provides for the grant of options to our directors, employees, or consultants, including members of our medical advisory committee. Our 1998 stock option plan has been superseded by our 2000 stock option plan and we have ceased issuing options under our 1998 stock option plan. As of December 31, 2003, we had granted options to purchase 808,273 shares under the 1998 stock option plan. Ordinary shares underlying options which expire without exercise under the 1998 stock option plan become available for issuance under the 2003 stock option plan.
Generally, options issued under the plan are not exercisable before the second anniversary of the date of grant at which time 50% of the options become exercisable and 25% on each of the third and fourth anniversaries of the date of grant. Unexercised options expire ten years after the date of grant. If the employment of an employee is terminated for cause, all of his or her vested and unvested options will expire.
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ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our outstanding ordinary shares as of the date of this Form 20-F for: (1) each person who we believe beneficially owns 5% or more of the outstanding ordinary shares, (2) each of our directors individually, (3) each of our executive officers individually, and (4) all of our directors and executive officers as a group. Beneficial ownership of shares is determined under rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and generally includes any shares over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment power. The table also includes the number of shares underlying options that are exercisable within 60 days of the date of this annual report. Ordinary shares subject to these options are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the ownership percentage of the person holding these options, but are not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the ownership percentage of any other person.
The shareholders listed below do not have any different voting rights from our other shareholders. Unless otherwise noted below, each shareholder’s address is c/o Given Imaging Ltd., P.O. Box 258, Yoqneam 20692, Israel.
Name and Address | | Number of Shares Beneficially Owned | | Percentage of Shares Beneficially Owned | |
Principal shareholders: | | | | | |
IDB Holding Corporation Ltd. (1) | | 9,425,972 | | 36.6 | % |
OrbiMed Advisors LLC, OrbiMed Capital LLC and OrbiMed Advisors Inc., Samuel D. Isaly (2) | | 4,052,649 | | 15.8 | |
Directors and executive officers: | | | | | |
Gavriel D. Meron (3) | | 688,231 | | 2.6 | |
Zvi Ben David (4) | | 202,976 | | * | |
Kevin Rubey (5) | | 75,915 | | * | |
Yoram Ashery (6) | | 109,299 | | * | |
Shoshana Friedman (7) | | 64,382 | | * | |
Mark Gilreath (8) | | 78,263 | | * | |
Nancy L. S. Sousa (9) | | 10,000 | | * | |
Manfred Gehrtz | | — | | — | |
Pablo Halpern (10) | | 144,026 | | * | |
Sharon Koninsky (11) | | 31,719 | | * | |
Doron Birger (12) | | 5,963,531 | | 23.2 | |
James M. Cornelius (13) | | 204,125 | | * | |
Michael Grobstein (14) | | 71,500 | | * | |
Jonathan Silverstein (15) | | 4,098,149 | | 15.9 | |
Reuven Baron (16) | | 3,233,310 | | 12.6 | |
Dr. Dalia Megiddo (17) | | 10,300 | | * | |
Chen Barir (18) | | 12,500 | | * | |
Eyal Lifshitz | | — | | — | |
All directors and executive officers as a group (19) | | 15,228,357 | | 56.1 | % |
______________
| (1) | Based on a Schedule 13D filed on May 19, 2003 and amended on September 4, 2003 and on information provided to us supplementally, consists of 3,462,441 ordinary shares owned by Discount Investment Corporation Ltd. (“DIC”), 3,232,310 ordinary shares owned by RDC Rafael Development Corporation Ltd. (“RDC”) and 2,731,221 ordinary shares owned by Elron Electronics Industries Ltd. (“Elron”). As of the date of this Form 20-F, Elron owned all of the outstanding shares of DEP Technology Holdings Ltd. which, in turn, hold 50.1% of the voting power of RDC. As a result, Elron may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the ordinary shares owned by RDC. As of the date of this Form 20-F, DIC owned approximately 38.5% of the outstanding shares of Elron and, as a result, DIC may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the ordinary shares owned by RDC and by Elron. The address of Discount Investment Corporation is The Triangular Tower, 43rd Floor, 3 Azrieli Center, |
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| | Tel Aviv 67023, Israel. The address of RDC Rafael Development Corporation is P.O. Box 14, Haifa 31000. The address of Elron Electronic Industries is The Triangular Tower, 42nd Floor, 3 Azrieli Center, Tel Aviv 67023, Israel. As of the date of this Form 20-F, IDB Holding Corporation (“IDBH”) owned approximately 58% of the outstanding shares of IDB Development Corporation (“IDBD”) which, in turn, owned approximately 69% of the outstanding shares of DIC. As a result, IDBH may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the ordinary shares owned by DIC, RDC and Elron. IDBH is a public company traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. Approximately 51.7% of the outstanding share capital of IDBH is owned by a group comprised of (i) Ganden Investments I.D.B. Ltd. (“Ganden”), a private Israeli company controlled by Nochi Dankner and his sister, Shelly Dankner-Bergman, which holds 31.02% of the equity of and voting power in IDBH; (ii) Manor Investments-IDB Ltd. (“Manor”), a private Israeli company controlled by Ruth Manor, which holds 10.34% of the equity of and voting power in IDBH; and (iii) Avraham Livnat Investments (2002) Ltd. (“Livnat”), a private Israeli company controlled by Avraham Livnat, which holds 10.34% of the equity of and voting power in IDBH. Ganden, Manor and Livnat, owning in the aggregate approximately 51.7% of the equity of and voting power in IDBH, entered into a Shareholders Agreement relating, among other things, to their joint control of IDBH, the term of which is until May 19, 2023. In addition, Shelly Dankner-Bergman holds approximately 4.75% of the equity of and voting power in IDBH. The address of Nochi Dankner is The Triangle Tower, 44th floor, 3 Azrieli Center, Tel Aviv 67023, Israel. The address of Shelly Dankner-Bergman is 12 Recanati Street, Ramat Aviv Gimmel, Tel Aviv, Israel. The address of Ruth Manor is 26 Hagderot Street, Savyon, Israel. The address of Mr. Avraham Livnat is Taavura Junction, Ramle, Israel. These individuals disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the foregoing entities except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. On September 29, 2003, Elron and DIC entered into a voting agreement pursuant to which, among other things, DIC agreed to vote all of its ordinary shares in favor of nominees to our Board of Directors proposed by Elron. The voting agreement is for a term of one year and renews automatically each year thereafter unless terminated by notice of either party to the other party no later than August 30 in each year, unless terminated by agreement of both parties thereto. |
| (2) | Based on a Schedule 13D filed on May 15, 2002 and on information provided to us supplementally, consists of 2,475,736 ordinary shares and options to purchase 2,157 ordinary shares owned by Caduceus Private Investments L.P. (“Caduceus”); 485,000 ordinary shares and options to purchase 771 ordinary shares owned by Eaton Vance Worldwide Health Sciences Portfolio (“Eaton Vance”); 485,000 ordinary shares and options to purchase 771 ordinary shares owned by Finsbury Worldwide Pharmaceutical Trust (“Finsbury”); 500,000 ordinary shares owned by PW Juniper Crossover Fund LLC (“Juniper”); 92,173 ordinary shares and options to purchase 144 ordinary shares owned by OrbiMed Associates LLC (“OrbiMed Associates”); 2,820 ordinary shares owned by OrbiMed Capital LLC (“OrbiMed Capital”); options to purchase 2,157 ordinary shares owned by OrbiMed Advisors LLC; 1480 ordinary shares owned by Samuel D. Isaly; 1,480 ordinary shares owned by Sven Borho; 1,480 ordinary shares owned by Michael Sheffery; 1,480 ordinary shares owned by Carl L. Gordon. OrbiMed Capital is the general partner of Caduceus, OrbiMed Advisors LLC acts as managing member of OrbiMed Associates, OrbiMed Advisors Inc. acts as investment manager of Juniper, OrbiMed Advisors LLC acts as investment advisor to Finsbury and OrbiMed Advisors LLC acts as investment adviser to Eaton Vance. As a result, OrbiMed Advisors LLC, OrbiMed Capital and OrbiMed Advisors, Inc. have discretionary investment management authority with respect to the assets of Caduceus, OrbiMed Associates and Juniper. Samual D. Isaly owns all of the outstanding stock of, and controls the management and operation of OrbiMed Advisors Inc. Samual D. Isaly also owns a controlling interest in OrbiMed Advisors LLC and OrbiMed Capital. Samuel D. Isaly, Sven Borho, Michael Sheffery and Carl L. Gordon, share ownership and control of OrbiMed Associates, OrbiMed Capital and OrbiMed Advisors LLC. The address of OrbiMed Advisors LLC, OrbiMed Capital, OrbiMed Advisors, Inc., Samuel D. Isaly, Sven Borho, Michael Sheffery and Carl L. Gordon is 767 Third Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, NY 10017. These individuals each disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the foregoing entities except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. |
| (3) | Consists of 11,416 ordinary shares and options to purchase 676,815 ordinary shares. |
| (4) | Consists of 19,026 ordinary shares, options to purchase 113,750 ordinary shares from Given Imaging and options to purchase 70,200 ordinary shares from RDC Rafael Development Corporation. |
| (5) | Consists of 415 ordinary shares owned by a family member of Mr. Rubey and options to purchase 75,500 ordinary shares. |
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| (6) | Consists of 38,049 ordinary shares owned by Yoram Ashery Ltd., a company owned and controlled by Mr. Ashery, and options to purchase 71,250 ordinary shares. |
| (7) | Consists of 19,026 ordinary shares owned by Ms. Friedman, 19,800 ordinary shares owned by PuSH J. Sh. Holding Ltd., a company owned and controlled by Ms. Friedman, options to purchase 22,500 ordinary shares owned by Ms. Friedman and options to purchase 3,056 ordinary shares owned by PuSH. J. Sh. Holding Ltd. |
| (8) | Consists of 9,513 ordinary shares and options to purchase 68,750 ordinary shares. |
| (9) | Consists of options to purchase 10,000 ordinary shares. |
| (10) | Consists of 19,026 ordinary shares and options to purchase 125,000 ordinary shares. |
| (11) | Consists of 15,219 ordinary shares and options to purchase 16,500 ordinary shares. |
| (12) | Consists of 3,232,310 ordinary shares owned by RDC Rafael Development Corporation and 2,731,221 ordinary shares owned by Elron Electronic Industries. Mr. Birger is a director of RDC Rafael Development Corporation and President and Chief Executive Officer of Elron Electronic Industries and by virtue of his position may be deemed to have voting and investment power, and thus beneficial ownership with respect to the shares that Elron Electronic Industries and RDC Rafael Development Corporation own. Mr. Birger disclaims such beneficial ownership except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. |
| (13) | Consists of 120,000 ordinary shares owned by Mr. Cornelius, 20,125 ordinary shares held by Twilight Venture Partners, 11,500 ordinary shares held by the Cornelius Family Foundation, and options to purchase 52,500 ordinary shares. |
| (14) | Consists of 19,000 ordinary shares and options to purchase 52,500 ordinary shares. |
| (15) | Consists of options to purchase 45,500 ordinary shares and 4,056,649 ordinary shares beneficially owned by the OrbiMed investors. Mr. Silverstein is a principal of OrbiMed Advisors LLC and by virtue of his position may be deemed to have voting and investment power, and thus beneficial ownership with respect to the shares which the OrbiMed investors owns or over which they exercise voting and investment power. Mr. Silverstein disclaims such beneficial ownership except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. |
| (16) | Consists of 1,000 ordinary shares owned by Mr. Baron and 3,232,310 ordinary shares beneficially owned by RDC Rafael Development Corporation. Mr. Baron is the President and Chief Executive Officer of RDC Rafael Development Corporation and by virtue of his position may be deemed to have voting and investment power, and thus beneficial ownership with respect to the shares beneficially owned by RDC Rafael Development Corporation. Mr. Baron disclaims such beneficial ownership except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. |
| (17) | Consists of options to purchase 10,300 ordinary shares. |
| (18) | Consists of options to purchase 12,500 ordinary shares. |
| (19) | Includes 3,462,441 ordinary shares owned by DIC, 3,232,310 ordinary shares owned by RDC, 2,731,221 ordinary shares owned by Elron and 4,052,649 ordinary shares beneficially owned by the OrbiMed entities, as well as ordinary shares and options to purchase ordinary shares held by directors and officers in their personal capacities or by their nominees. The Company’s directors and officers disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the foregoing entities except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. |
Since the filing of our last annual report on Form 20-F, certain of our principal shareholders have sold our shares. The aggregate ordinary shares beneficially owned by IDB Holding Corporation has decreased by approximately 1.5 million shares and its beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as a percentage of shares outstanding has decreased from 43.2% to 36.6%. The aggregate ordinary shares beneficially owned by the OrbiMed investors has decreased by
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approximately 1.6 million shares and its beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as a percentage of shares outstanding has decreased from 22.7% to 15.8%.
| B. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
Agreement with Rafael
In January 1998, we entered into a technology purchase and license agreement with Rafael Armament Development Authority, or Rafael, which is a division of the Israeli Ministry of Defense. Rafael beneficially owns 47.8% of the outstanding shares of our shareholder, RDC Rafael Development Corporation. Pursuant to this agreement, we purchased from Rafael, for $30,000 in cash, all of Rafael’s rights to the technology associated with an in vivo video camera and an autonomous video endoscope, including a swallowable capsule with a camera and an optical system, a transmitter and a reception system, which was then being developed by Rafael, which we refer to as the M2A capsule and system. Rafael transferred to us the patents that it had been issued in connection with the M2A capsule and system technology. Rafael also granted us an exclusive, perpetual, worldwide, royalty-free license to use other technology and know-how of Rafael which was used at Rafael for the development of the M2A capsule and system, provided that we use this technology and know-how solely for commercial exploitation of the M2A capsule and system. We are permitted to transfer or sublicense this other technology to third parties in connection with the commercial exploitation of the M2A capsule and system provided that we receive Rafael’s consent which is not to be unreasonably withheld. We have not received any technology from Rafael pursuant to this license. In connection with our commercial exploitation of the M2A capsule and system, Rafael agreed to provide us with technical support in the form of equipment and use of its laboratories, subject to their availability, and access to its existing documentation. We agreed to pay to Rafael its costs plus 10% for any of Rafael’s manpower that we use. Rafael also agreed to provide us with research and development and prototype manufacturing services in connection with the M2A capsule and system at customary commercial rates. Rafael has the right to provide such services to us if it is competitive in terms of quality, quantity, timing and price. In connection with this technical support, we paid an aggregate amount to Rafael of $12,000 in 1998 only.
In connection with our acquisition of this technology, we granted to Rafael an exclusive, perpetual, worldwide, royalty-free license to use all technology that we acquired from Rafael solely in the military and security fields. Rafael has the exclusive right to file patent applications for inventions developed by Rafael in connection with the M2A capsule and system for use in these fields. We are required to assist Rafael in connection with these patent applications. Rafael has granted to us an exclusive, perpetual, worldwide, royalty-free license to use outside of the military and security fields any technology covered by these patents. We and Rafael have also agreed to notify each other if either of us develops any improvements to the M2A capsule and system technology provided that doing so does not breach any confidentiality undertaking to a third party, or in the case of Rafael, security requirements. We have each agreed to grant to the other exclusive rights to use any improvement in our case in the commercial field and in Rafael’s case in the military and security fields, in consideration for payment of royalties in an amount to be agreed upon.
Private Placement to PW Juniper Crossover Fund
In October 2001, concurrent with the closing our initial public offering, we sold 500,000 of our ordinary shares to PW Juniper Crossover Fund LLC for an aggregate purchase price of $6.0 million, or $12.00 per share. OrbiMed Advisors, Inc. is a member of the investment advisor and responsible for the investment decisions of PW Juniper Crossover Fund.
Registration Rights
Demand Registration Rights
Pursuant to an investor rights agreement, at the request of one or more of our former Series A preferred shareholders that hold at least 20% of our then outstanding ordinary shares held by our former Series A preferred shareholders, we must use our best efforts to register any or all of these shareholders’ ordinary shares. We must also give notice of the registration to our other former Series A preferred shareholders and to some of our ordinary shareholders, including Discount Investment Corporation and its affiliates, and Elron Electronic Industries, and include in the registration any ordinary shares that they request to include. We are also permitted to include our shares in the registration. The minimum aggregate offering price of the shares to be registered is $5.0 million. We may only be requested to carry out two of these demand registrations.
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In addition to the registrations described above that may be requested by our former Series A preferred shareholders, at the request of some of our ordinary shareholders, including Discount Investment Corporation and its affiliates, Elron Electronic Industries and PW Juniper Crossover Fund, holding at least 20% of our ordinary shares then outstanding, we must use our best efforts to register any or all of these shareholders’ ordinary shares. We must also give notice of the registration to all other shareholders to whom we have granted registration rights and include in the registration any ordinary shares that they request to include. We are also permitted to include our shares in the registration. The minimum aggregate offering price of the shares to be registered is $5.0 million. We may only be requested to carry out three of these demand registrations.
In connection with each of the above registrations, the managing underwriter may limit the number of shares offered for marketing reasons. In such case, the managing underwriter must exclude first any shares to be registered by us and second, any shares to be registered by our directors and officers. Thereafter, the shares to be registered by our former Series A preferred shareholders or ordinary shareholders would be reduced pro rata among the shareholders requesting inclusion of their shares according to the number of shares held by each shareholder.
Piggyback Registration Rights
Our former Series A preferred shareholders also have the right to request that we include their ordinary shares which were issued upon conversion of our Series A preferred shares in any registration statements filed by us in the future for the purposes of a public offering, subject to specified limitations. Some of our ordinary shareholders, including Discount Investment Corporation and its affiliates, Elron Electronic Industries and PW Juniper Crossover Fund, have similar rights with respect to the ordinary shares they currently hold. The managing underwriter may limit the number of shares offered for marketing reasons. In this case, the managing underwriter must exclude first any shares to be registered by us, unless we initiated the registration, second the shares that our shareholders have requested to include in the registration, and third the shares of the party initiating the registration.
Form F-3 Registration Rights
At the request of some of our shareholders including Discount Investment Corporation and its affiliates, Elron Electronic Industries and PW Juniper Crossover Fund, or any of our former Series A preferred shareholders, we must register such shareholder’s ordinary shares on Form F-3. We must also give notice of the registration to our other shareholders to whom we have granted registration rights, and include in the registration any ordinary shares they request to include. These demand rights may only be exercised if nine months have passed since the last registration that we filed in which the shareholder requesting registration was entitled to include its shares. The minimum aggregate offering price of the shares to be registered is $5.0 million. The managing underwriter may limit the number of shares offered for marketing reasons. In such case, the rights of each shareholder to include its ordinary shares in the registration are allocated in the same manner as in a demand registration described above.
Termination
All registration rights will expire on October 10, 2006. With respect to any shareholder, registration rights will expire if that shareholder can sell all of its ordinary shares within a 90 day period under Rule 144 of the Securities Act.
Expenses
Generally, we will pay all expenses incurred in carrying out the above registrations, as well as the fees and expenses of one legal counsel for the selling shareholders in each registration.
Directors Fees
We pay directors fees in respect of service by our directors (other than our President and Chief Executive Officer, Gaviel Meron). See Item 6 "Directors, Senior Management and Employees, Part B. Compensation."
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Agreements with Directors and Officers
Employment Agreements
We maintain written employment agreements with all of our officers. These agreements all contain provisions standard for a company in our industry regarding noncompetition, confidentiality of information and assignment of inventions. The enforceability of covenants not to compete in Israel is limited.
In August 2003, we extended our employment agreement with Gavriel Meron, our President and Chief Executive Officer, until August 1, 2006, unless earlier terminated by either Mr. Meron or us upon one year notice. We may also terminate this agreement immediately for cause. Upon extension of Mr. Meron’s employment agreement, we granted Mr. Meron options to purchase 100,000 ordinary shares at an exercise price equal to the closing price of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq National Market on the date of the grant, vesting in four annual installments commencing on the date of the grant.
Mr. Meron’s employment agreement provides, among other things, that upon the termination of Mr. Meron’s employment (except when such termination is due to the breach by Mr. Meron of his duty of loyalty, willful misrepresentation of a material fact, conviction of any crime or offense involving the us or moral turpitude, or for similar causes), Mr. Meron will be entitled to prior notice of (1) one year; or (2) two years, if we terminate his employment immediately preceding or following (A) the merger or acquisition of us by another entity, if, following such transaction, the holders of the outstanding voting power of us prior to the transaction cease to hold a majority of the outstanding voting power of the surviving entity; or (B) a sale of all or substantially all of our assets (each an “M&A Event”). Should we terminate Mr. Meron’s employment with immediate effect, or with a shorter notice, we are required to continue to pay to Mr. Meron his salary and the associated benefits during the remainder of the applicable notice period. Upon the occurrence of any M&A Event, and provided the M&A Event takes place during Mr. Meron’s employment, all options previously granted to Mr. Meron will be accelerated and become immediately vested.
In December 2003, we (1) agreed to increase Mr. Meron's base salary of $220,000 to $250,000, which increase will be effective only upon the completion of our first profitable quarter during 2004 (at which time it will be implemented retroactively as if the increase became effective on April 1, 2004), (2) agreed to a bonus of between zero and $500,000 subject to us meeting certain performance targets defined by the Board of Directors, and (3) granted options to purchase 120,000 ordinary shares at an exercise price equal to the closing price of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq National Market on the date of the grant, vesting in five annual installments commencing on the date of the grant.
In August 2001, we provided Mr. Meron with a loan of $200,000 upon issuance of FDA clearance for the Given System at an interest rate equal to the Israeli consumer price index plus 4.0%. In accordance with its terms, Mr. Meron repaid this loan and accrued interest during 2003 following the exercise of stock options.
Exculpation, Insurance and Indemnification
Under the Companies Law, an Israeli company may not exculpate an office holder from liability for a breach of the duty of loyalty of the office holder. However, a company may approve an act performed in breach of the duty of loyalty of an office holder provided that the office holder acted in good faith, the act or its approval does not harm the company, and the office holder discloses the nature of his or her personal interest in the act and all material facts and documents a reasonable time before discussion of the approval. An Israeli company may exculpate an office holder in advance from liability to the company, in whole or in part, for a breach of duty of care but only if a provision authorizing such exculpation is inserted in its articles of association. Our articles of association include such a provision.
An Israeli company may indemnify an office holder in respect of certain liabilities either in advance of an event or following an event provided a provision authorizing such indemnification is inserted in its articles of association. Our articles of association contain such an authorization. An undertaking by an Israeli company to indemnify an office holder must be limited to foreseeable liabilities and reasonable amounts determined by the board of directors. A company may indemnify an office holder against the following liabilities incurred for acts performed as an office holder:
• | | a financial liability imposed on him or her in favor of another person pursuant to a judgment, settlement or arbitrator’s award approved by court; and |
| | |
• | | reasonable litigation expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by the office holder or imposed by a court in proceedings instituted against him or her by the company, on its behalf or by a third party, in connection with |
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| | criminal proceedings in which the office holder was acquitted or as a result of a conviction for a crime that does not require proof of criminal intent. |
An Israeli company may insure an office holder against the following liabilities incurred for acts performed as an office holder:
| | |
• | | a breach of duty of loyalty to the company, to the extent that the office holder acted in good faith and had a reasonable basis to believe that the act would not prejudice the company; |
| | |
• | | a breach of duty of care to the company or to a third party; and |
| | |
• | | a financial liability imposed on the office holder in favor of a third party. |
An Israeli company may not indemnify, insure or exculpate an office holder against any of the following:
• | | a breach of duty of loyalty, except to the extent that the office holder acted in good faith and had a reasonable basis to believe that the act would not prejudice the company; |
| | |
• | | a breach of duty of care committed intentionally or recklessly; |
| | |
• | | an act or omission committed with intent to derive illegal personal benefit; or |
| | |
• | | a fine levied against the office holder. |
Under the Companies Law, exculpation, indemnification and insurance of office holders must be approved by our audit committee and our board of directors and, in respect of our directors, by our shareholders.
Our articles of association allow us to exculpate, indemnify and insure our office holders to the fullest extent permitted by the Companies Law. Our office holders are currently covered by a directors and officers’ liability insurance policy, which covers the period from April 1998 to October 2, 2004. The policy has two layers, the first one was issued for a three-year period following our initial public offering on October 4, 2001 until October 2, 2004. The policy also provides additional coverage for a 12-month period which began following our initial public offering and has been renewed every year for an additional 12 month period, which is ending on October 2, 2004. To date, no claims for directors and officers’ liability insurance have been filed under this policy.
We have entered into agreements with each of our office holders undertaking to exculpate, indemnify and insure them to the fullest extent permitted by law. This indemnification is limited to events and amounts determined as foreseeable by the board of directors, and the insurance is subject to our discretion depending on its availability, effectiveness and cost. In the opinion of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, however, indemnification of directors and office holders for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and therefore unenforceable.
| C. | INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL |
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| A. | CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION |
Financial Statements
See Item 18 for audited consolidated financial statements.
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Export Sales
Our manufacturing facilities for the data recorder and the M2A capsule forming part of the Given System are located in Israel. The majority of our products are exported out of Israel. For information regarding our revenues by geographic market, see Item 5: “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”
Legal Proceedings
On November 25, 2002, we filed a lawsuit in the District Court in Haifa, Israel against a former employee and two companies which the former employee founded. Our claim was filed to protect our intellectual property rights following the defendants’ improper use of patent applications covering technology developed at Given Imaging. The defendants filed a counterclaim on January 13, 2003, alleging that we abused legal proceedings, filed a frivolous lawsuit, acted in bad faith, and damaged the defendants’ reputation and business. On January 25, 2003, our directors received correspondence from investors in the defendant companies demanding that we withdraw the lawsuit and compensate the investors. We believe that the defendants’ counterclaim and the investors’ correspondence is without merit and we intend to vigorously defend against such claim. We also believe that our complaint has merit and that we will prevail. All hearings in the lawsuit have been held and the case is now pending the court’s decision, which is expected any time. We do not believe that our claim or the counter-claim are material to our business or results of operation.
On November 14, 2002, we received correspondence from a U.S. corporation offering to grant us a license under reasonable terms for a U.S. patent for a technology allegedly utilized in the M2A capsule. We believe that we are not utilizing any invention claimed under any valid independent claims in the patent and have responded accordingly. We are currently communicating with the U.S. corporation to resolve this matter.
In March 2004, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office notified us that it would conduct a reexamination of some of the claims in one of our U.S. patents in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office pursuant to a request submitted by Olympus Corporation. We expect that the reexamination process will be protracted and do not expect a final decision during 2004. We are not accused of infringing a third party’s patent and our ability to sell our products is not contested.
We are not party to any other legal proceedings.
Dividend Policy
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our ordinary shares and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the future. We currently intend to retain all future earnings to finance our operations and to expand our business. Any future determination relating to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and future prospects and other factors the board of directors may deem relevant.
Significant Changes
Except as otherwise disclosed in this Form 20-F, there has been no significant change in our financial position since December 31, 2002.
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
| A. | OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS |
The following table lists the high and low closing sale prices of our ordinary shares for the periods indicated as reported by the Nasdaq National Market:
Annual Highs and Lows | | High | | Low | |
| | | | | |
2003 | | $18.80 | | $6.65 | |
2002 | | $18.05 | | $6.91 | |
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Quarterly Highs and Lows | | High | | Low | |
| | | | | |
1st quarter 2003 | | $10.00 | | $ 8.21 | |
2nd quarter 2003 | | $ 9.20 | | $ 6.65 | |
3rd quarter 2003 | | $13.23 | | $ 8.41 | |
4th quarter 2003 | | $18.80 | | $10.58 | |
| | | | | |
1st quarter 2002 | | $18.05 | | $10.38 | |
2nd quarter 2002 | | $16.31 | | $ 9.00 | |
3rd quarter 2002 | | $12.41 | | $ 8.99 | |
4th quarter 2002 | | $10.59 | | $ 6.91 | |
MOST RECENT SIX MONTHS | | High | | Low | |
| | | | | |
February 2004 | | $33.06 | | $23.10 | |
January 2004 | | $25.90 | | $17.21 | |
December 2003 | | $19.25 | | $15.25 | |
November 2003 | | $18.20 | | $13.43 | |
October 2003 | | $14.09 | | $10.55 | |
September 2003 | | $12.96 | | $10.63 | |
On March 16, 2004, the last reported sale price of our ordinary shares on the Nasdaq National Market was $29.99 per share. According to the our transfer agent, as of March 16, 2004, there were approximately 150 holders of record of our ordinary shares.
Not applicable.
Our ordinary shares have traded publicly on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “GIVN” since October 4, 2001. Our ordinary shares trade publicly only on the Nasdaq National Market.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Not applicable.
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| B. | MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION |
Objects
Our objects under our memorandum of association are to engage in any type of manufacturing, trade, production, labor, agriculture, and professional and business services in all branches and areas of economic activity, to advance trade, importing and exporting, and any other object determined by our board of directors from time to time. Our objects under our articles of association are to engage in any lawful business.
Transfer of Shares and Notices
Fully paid ordinary shares are issued in registered form and may be freely transferred under our articles of association unless the transfer is restricted or prohibited by another instrument, Israeli law or the rules of a stock exchange on which the shares are traded. Our articles of association provide that each shareholder of record is entitled to receive at least 21 days’ prior notice of any shareholders’ meeting.
Election of Directors
Our ordinary shares do not have cumulative voting rights for the election of directors. Rather, under our articles of association our directors are appointed by the holders of a simple majority of our ordinary shares at a general shareholder meeting. As a result, the holders of our ordinary shares that represent more than 50% of the voting power represented at a shareholder meeting have the power to elect or remove any or all of our directors, subject to the special approval requirements for outside directors described under “Management-Outside Directors.” Under the Companies Law, the procedures for the appointment and removal and the term of office of directors, other than outside directors, may be contained in the articles of association of a company. Our articles of association currently do not contain provisions for staggered terms for directors. However, our articles of association may be amended in the future by a majority of our shareholders at a general shareholder meeting to provide for a staggered board or other method of electing our directors, other than with respect to our outside directors.
Dividend and Liquidation Rights
Our board of directors may declare a dividend to be paid to the holders of ordinary shares in proportion to the paid up capital attributable to the shares that they hold. Dividends may only be paid out of our profits and other surplus funds, as defined in the Companies Law, as of the end of the most recent fiscal year or as accrued over a period of two years, whichever is higher, provided that there is no reasonable concern that a payment of a dividend will prevent us from satisfying out existing and foreseeable obligations as they become due. In the event of our liquidation, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, our assets will be distributed to the holders of ordinary shares in proportion to the paid up capital attributable to the shares that they hold. This right may be affected by the grant of preferential dividend or distribution rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future.
Shareholder Meetings
We are required to convene an annual general meeting of our shareholders once every calendar year within a period of not more than 15 months following the preceding annual general meeting. Our board of directors is required to convene a special general meeting of our shareholders at the request of two directors or one quarter of the members of our board of directors or at the request of one or more holders of 5% or more of our share capital and 1% of our voting power or the holder or holders of 5% or more of our voting power. All shareholder meetings require prior notice of at least 21 days. The chairperson of our board of directors presides over our general meetings. Shareholders entitled to participate and vote at general meetings are the shareholders of record on a date to be decided by the board of directors, which may be between four and 40 days prior to the date of the meeting.
Quorum
The quorum required for an ordinary meeting of shareholders consists of at least two shareholders present, in person or by proxy, who hold or represent between them at least 33 1/3% of our issued share capital. A meeting adjourned for lack of a quorum generally is adjourned to the same day in the following week at the same time and place or any time and place as
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the directors designate in a notice to the shareholders. At the reconvened meeting, the required quorum consists of one or more shareholders present in person or by proxy, unless the meeting was called pursuant to a request by our shareholders in which case the quorum required is the number of shareholders required to call the meeting as described under “—Shareholder Meetings.”
Voting
Holders of our ordinary shares have one vote for each ordinary share held on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders at a shareholder meeting. Shareholders may vote at shareholder meetings either in person or by proxy. Israeli law does not provide for public companies such as us to have shareholder resolutions adopted by means of a written consent in lieu of a shareholder meeting. Shareholder voting rights may be affected by the grant of any special voting rights to the holders of a class of shares with preferential rights that may be authorized in the future. The Companies Law provides that a shareholder, in exercising his or her rights and performing his or her obligations toward the company and its other shareholders, must act in good faith and in an acceptable manner, and avoid abusing his or her powers. This is required when voting at general meetings on matters such as changes to the articles of association, increasing the company’s registered capital, mergers and approval of related party transactions. A shareholder must also avoid oppression of other shareholders. In addition, any controlling shareholder, any shareholder who knows that its vote can determine the outcome of a shareholder vote and any shareholder who, under the company’s articles of association, can appoint or prevent the appointment of an office holder, is required to act with fairness towards the company. The Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty and there is no binding case law that addresses this subject directly. Any voting agreement is also subject to observance of these duties.
Resolutions
An ordinary resolution requires approval by the holders of a simple majority of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by written ballot, and voting on the resolution.
Under the Companies Law, unless otherwise provided in the articles of association or applicable law, all resolutions of the shareholders require a simple majority. A resolution for the voluntary winding up of the company requires the approval by holders of 75% of the voting rights represented at the meeting, in person, by proxy or by written ballot and voting on the resolution.
Access to Corporate Records
Under the Companies Law, all shareholders generally have the right to review minutes of our general meetings, our shareholder register, our articles of association and any document we are required by law to file publicly with the Israeli Companies Registrar. Any shareholder who specifies the purpose of its request may request to review any document in our possession that relates to any action or transaction with a related party which requires shareholder approval under the Companies Law. We may deny a request to review a document if we determine that the request was not made in good faith, that the document contains a commercial secret or a patent or that the document’s disclosure may otherwise harm our interests.
Acquisitions under Israeli Law
Tender Offer. A person wishing to acquire shares or any class of shares of a publicly traded Israeli company and who would as a result hold over 90% of the company’s issued and outstanding share capital or of a class of shares which are listed is required by the Companies Law to make a tender offer to all of the company’s shareholders or all shareholders of such class of shares, as applicable, for the purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of the company or of that class of shares, as applicable. If the shareholders who do not respond to the offer hold less than 5% of the issued share capital of the company or of that class of shares, as applicable, all of the shares that the acquirer offered to purchase will be transferred to the acquirer by operation of law. However, the shareholders may petition the court to alter the consideration for the acquisition. If the dissenting shareholders hold more than 5% of the issued and outstanding share capital of the company or of such class of shares, as applicable, the acquirer may not acquire additional shares of the company or of such class of shares, as applicable, from shareholders who accepted the tender offer if following such acquisition the acquirer would then own over 90% of the company’s issued and outstanding share capital or of the shares comprising such class, as applicable.
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The Companies Law provides that an acquisition of shares of a public company must be made by means of a tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a 25% or greater shareholder of the company. This rule does not apply if there is already another 25% shareholder of the company. We believe that IDB Holding Corporation Ltd., which is controlled by four individuals in Israel, currently holds more than 25% of our outstanding ordinary shares as determined in accordance with the Companies Law. Similarly, the Companies Law provides that an acquisition of shares in a public company must be made by means of a tender offer if as a result of the acquisition the purchaser would become a 45% or greater shareholder of the company, if there is no 50% or greater shareholder of the company.
Merger. The Companies Law permits merger transactions if approved by each party’s board of directors and the majority of each party’s shares voted on the proposed merger at a shareholders’ meeting called on at least 21 days’ prior notice. Under the Companies Law, merger transactions may be approved by holders of a simple majority of our shares present, in person or by proxy, at a general meeting and voting on the transaction. In determining whether the required majority has approved the merger, if our shares are held by the other party to the merger, or by any person holding at least 25% of the outstanding voting shares or 25% of the means of appointing directors of the other party to the merger, then a vote against the merger by holders of the majority of the shares present and voting, excluding shares held by the other party or by such person, or anyone acting on behalf of either of them, is sufficient to reject the merger transaction. If the transaction would have been approved but for the exclusion of the votes of certain shareholders as provided above, a court may still approve the merger upon the request of holders of at least 25% of the voting rights of a company, if the court holds that the merger is fair and reasonable, taking into account the value of the parties to the merger and the consideration offered to the shareholders. Upon the request of a creditor of either party to the proposed merger, the court may delay or prevent the merger if it concludes that there exists a reasonable concern that, as a result of the merger, the surviving company will be unable to satisfy the obligations of any of the parties to the merger. In addition, a merger may not be executed unless at least 70 days have passed from the time that a proposal for approval of the merger has been filed with the Israeli Registrar of Companies.
Anti-Takeover Measures
The Companies Law allows us to create and issue shares having rights different to those attached to our ordinary shares, including shares providing certain preferred or additional rights to voting, distributions or other matters and shares having preemptive rights. In the future, if we do create and issue a class of shares other than ordinary shares, such class of shares, depending on the specific rights that may be attached to them, may delay or prevent a takeover or otherwise prevent our shareholders from realizing a potential premium over the market value of their ordinary shares. The authorization of a new class of shares will require an amendment to our articles of association which requires the prior approval of a majority of our shareholders at a general meeting. Shareholders voting at such a meeting will be subject to the restrictions under the Companies Law decribed in “Voting.”
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our ordinary shares is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. Its address is 59 Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038 and its telephone number at this location is (212) 936-5100.
Summaries of the following material contracts are included in this Form 20-F in the places indicated:
Material Contract | | Location | |
Standard Distribution Agreement | | Item 4.B: “Information on the Company – Part B: Business Overview – Marketing and Distribution.” | |
Agreements with Micron Technology, Inc. | | Item 4.B: “Information on the Company – Part B: Business Overview – Manufacturing.” | |
Agreements with Pemstar, Inc. | | Item 4.B: “Information on the Company – Part B: Business Overview – Manufacturing.” | |
Agreement with RDC Rafael Development Corporation Ltd | | Item 7: “Major Shareholder and Related Party Transactions.” | |
Investor Rights Agreement | | Item 7: “Major Shareholder and Related Party Transactions.” | |
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In 1998, Israeli currency control regulations were liberalized significantly, so that Israeli residents generally may freely deal in foreign currency and foreign assets, and non-residents may freely deal in Israeli currency and Israeli assets. There are currently no Israeli currency control restrictions on remittances of dividends on the ordinary shares or the proceeds from the sale of the shares provided that all taxes were paid or withheld; however, legislation remains in effect pursuant to which currency controls can be imposed by administrative action at any time.
Non-residents of Israel may freely hold and trade our securities. Neither our memorandum of association nor our articles of association nor the laws of the State of Israel restrict in any way the ownership or voting of ordinary shares by non-residents, except that such restrictions may exist with respect to citizens of countries which are in a state of war with Israel. Israeli residents are allowed to purchase our ordinary shares.
Israeli Tax Considerations and Government Programs
The following is a description of the material Israeli income tax consequences of the ownership of our ordinary shares. The following also contains a description of material relevant provisions of the current Israeli income tax structure applicable to companies in Israel, with special reference to its effect on us. To the extent that the discussion is based on new tax legislation which has not been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation, we cannot assure shareholders that the tax authorities will accept the views expressed in the discussion in question. The discussion is not intended, and should not be taken, as legal or professional tax advice and is not exhaustive of all possible tax considerations.
The following description is not intended to constitute a complete analysis of all tax consequences relating to the ownership or disposition of our ordinary shares. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the tax consequences of their particular situation, as well as any tax consequences that may arise under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction.
Taxation of Companies
General Corporate Tax Structure. Israeli companies are subject to corporate tax at the rate of 36% of taxable income. However, the effective tax rate payable by a company that derives income from an approved enterprise, as discussed further below, may be considerably less.
Tax Benefits Under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959. The Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, commonly referred to as the Investment Law, provides that a proposed capital investment in eligible facilities may, upon application to the Investment Center of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the State of Israel, be designated as an approved enterprise. Each certificate of approval for an approved enterprise relates to a specific investment program delineated both by its financial scope, including its capital sources, and by its physical characteristics, for example, the equipment to be purchased and utilized under the program. The tax benefits derived from any certificate of approval relate only to taxable income attributable to the specific approved enterprise. If a company has more than one approval or only a portion of its capital investments is approved, its effective tax rate is the result of a weighted average of the applicable rates.
Taxable income of a company derived from an approved enterprise is subject to company tax at the maximum rate of 25%, rather than 36%, for the benefit period, unless the company has elected to receive an alternative package of benefits as described below. This period is ordinarily seven years, or ten years if the company qualifies as a foreign investors’ company as described below, commencing with the year in which the approved enterprise first generates taxable income. However, the ten-year period may not extend beyond the later of 14 years from the year in which approval was granted or 12 years from the year in which operations or production by the enterprise began. A company’s undistributed income derived from an approved enterprise in top priority locations (commonly known as “Zone A”) will be exempt from corporate tax for a period of two years and will be eligible for a reduced tax rate as above mentioned for the remainder of the benefit period.
A company that has an approved enterprise program is eligible for further tax benefits if it qualifies as a foreign investors’ company. A foreign investors’ company is a company more than 25% of whose rights and share capital, including
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shareholders’ loans, is owned by non-Israeli residents, provided that the foreign ownership of the share capital alone also exceeds 25%. A company which qualifies as a foreign investors’ company and has an approved enterprise program is eligible for tax benefits for a ten-year period. Income derived from the approved enterprise program will be subject to a reduced tax rate for ten years or, if the company owns an approved enterprise in a Zone A, exempt from tax for a period of two years and will be subject to a reduced tax for an additional eight years. The reduced tax rate is 25% unless the level of foreign investment is 49% or more and less than 74%, in which case the tax rate is 20%; if the foreign investment is 74% or more and less than 90%, the tax rate is 15%; and if the foreign investment is 90% or more, the tax rate is 10%. The recipient of dividends distributed from such income is taxed at the rate applicable to dividends from an approved enterprise which is 15%, or less under certain prevention of double-taxation treaties, if the dividend is distributed during the tax benefit period or within 12 years after the period and there is no time limit with respect to dividend distributed from an exempt income of foreign investors’ company. The company must withhold this tax at source.
A company owning an approved enterprise may elect to receive an alternative package of benefits. Under the alternative package of benefits, a company’s undistributed income derived from an approved enterprise will be exempt from company tax for a period of between two and ten years from the first year of taxable income, depending on the geographic location of the approved enterprise within Israel, and the company will be eligible for a reduced tax rate for the remainder of the benefits period.
A company that has an approved enterprise in Zone A or that has elected the alternative package of benefits and that subsequently pays a dividend out of income derived from the approved enterprise during the tax exemption period will be subject to tax on of the amount distributed. The rate of the tax will be the rate which would have been applicable had the company not been tax exempt. This rate is 10% to 25%, depending on the percentage of the company’s shares held by foreign shareholders, as described above. The recipient of dividend distributed from such income is taxed at the rate applicable to dividends from approved enterprises which is 15%, or less under certain anti double-taxation treaties, if the dividend is distributed during the tax benefit period or within 12 years after the period and there is no time limit with respect to dividend distributed from an exempt income of foreign investors’ company. The company must withhold this tax at source.
Subject to applicable provisions concerning income under the alternative package of benefits, all dividends are considered to be attributable to the entire enterprise and their effective tax rate is the result of a weighted average of the various applicable tax rates. Under the Investment Law, a company that has elected the alternative package of benefits is not obliged to distribute exempt retained profits, and may generally decide from which year’s profits to declare dividends. We currently intend to reinvest any income derived from our approved enterprise programs and not to distribute the income as a dividend.
The Investment Center bases its decision whether or not to approve an application on the criteria in the Investment Law and regulations, the then prevailing policy of the Investment Center and the specific objectives and financial criteria of the applicant. In addition, the benefits available to an approved enterprise are conditional upon the fulfillment of conditions stipulated in the Investment Law and its regulations and the criteria in the specific certificate of approval, as described above. If a company does not meet these conditions, it would be required to refund the amount of tax benefits, with the addition of the consumer price index linkage adjustment and interest. There can be no assurance that any future approved enterprises that we may be awarded will be entitled to the same package of benefits as we currently have.
The Investment Center of the Ministry of Industry and Trade granted our manufacturing facility approved enterprise status under the Investment Law in 1999. We have elected the alternative package of benefits under these approved enterprise programs. Since our manufacturing facility is located in a “Zone A”, the portion of our income derived from this approved enterprise program will be exempt from tax for a period of ten years, commencing when we begin to realize net income from these programs, but such period may not extend beyond the later of 14 years from the year in which approval was granted or 12 years from the year in which operations or production by the enterprise began. The period of tax benefits for our approved enterprise programs has not yet commenced, because we have yet to realize taxable income. We expect to derive a substantial portion of our income from our approved enterprise program. The benefits available to an approved enterprise program are dependent upon the fulfillment of conditions stipulated in applicable law and in the certificate of approval.
Grants Under the Law for the Encouragement of Industrial Research and Development, 1984. Under the Law for the Encouragement of Industrial Research and Development, 1984, commonly referred to as the Research Law, research and development programs which meet specified criteria and are approved by a governmental committee of the Office of the
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Chief Scientist are eligible for grants of up to 50% of the project’s expenditure, as determined by the research committee, in exchange for the payment of royalties from the sale of products developed under the program. Regulations under the Research Law generally provide for the payment of royalties to the Chief Scientist of 3 to 5% on sales of products and services derived from our technology developed using these grants until 100% of the dollar-linked grant is repaid, together with interest equal to the 12 month London Interbank Offered Rate applicable to dollar deposits that is published on the first business day of each calendar year. Following the full repayment of the grant, there is no further liability for repayment.
The terms of the Israeli government participation also require that the manufacture of products developed with government grants be performed in Israel. However, under the regulations of the Research Law, if any of the manufacturing is performed outside Israel by any entity other than us, assuming we receive approval from the Chief Scientist for the foreign manufacturing, we may be required to pay increased royalties. The increase in royalties depends upon the manufacturing volume that is performed outside of Israel follows:
Manufacturing Volume Outside of Israel | | Royalties to the Chief Scientist as a Percentage of Grant | |
| | | |
less than 50% | | 120% | |
between 50% and less than 90% | | 150% | |
90% and more | | 300% | |
If the manufacturing is performed outside of Israel by us, the rate of royalties payable by us on revenues from the sale of products manufactured outside of Israel will increase by 1% over the regular rates. If the manufacturing is performed outside of Israel by a third party, the rate of royalties payable by us on those revenues will be a percentage equal to the percentage of our total investment in the Given System that was funded by grants. In addition, in recent years the government of Israel has accelerated the rate of royalty rates for repayment of Chief Scientist grants, and may further accelerate them in the future.
The technology developed with Chief Scientist grants may not be transferred to third parties without the prior approval of a governmental committee under the Research Law, and may not be transferred to non-residents of Israel. The approval, however, is not required for the export of any products developed using the grants. Approval of the transfer of technology to residents of Israel may be granted in specific circumstances, only if the recipient abides by the provisions of the Research Law and related regulations, including the restrictions on the transfer of know-how and the obligation to pay royalties in an amount that may be increased. We cannot provide any assurance that any consent, if requested, will be granted.
The funds available for grants from the Chief Scientist depend on several criteria and prevailing government policy and budget, and may be reduced or eliminated in the future. Even if these grants are maintained, there is no assurance that we will receive Chief Scientist grants in the future. In addition, each application to the Chief Scientist is reviewed separately, and grants are based on the program approved by the research committee. Expenditures supported under other incentive programs of the State of Israel are not eligible for grants from the Chief Scientist. We cannot provide any assurance that applications to the Chief Scientist will be approved and, until approved, the amounts of any grants are not determinable.
Tax Benefits and Grants for Research and Development. Israeli tax law allows, under specific conditions, a tax deduction in the year incurred for expenditures that were paid in cash, including capital expenditures, relating to scientific research and development projects, if:
• | | the expenditures are approved by the relevant Israeli government ministry, determined by the field of research; |
| | |
• | | the research and development is for the promotion of the company; and |
| | |
• | | the research and development is carried out by or on behalf of the company seeking the deduction. |
Expenditures not so approved are deductible over a three-year period. However, the amounts of any government grant made available to us are subtracted from the amount of the deductible expenses according to Israeli law.
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Tax Benefits Under the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969. According to the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969, generally referred to as the Industry Encouragement Law, an industrial company is a company resident in Israel, at least 90% of the income of which, in a given tax year, determined in Israeli currency exclusive of income from specified government loans, capital gains, interest and dividends which are not classified for such company as business income, is derived from an industrial enterprise owned by it. An industrial enterprise is defined as an enterprise whose major activity in a given tax year is industrial production activity.
Under the Industry Encouragement Law, industrial companies are entitled to certain preferred corporate tax benefits, including the following:
• | deduction of purchases of know-how and patents over an eight-year period for tax purposes; |
• | right to elect, under specified conditions, to file a consolidated tax return with additional related Israeli industrial companies; and |
• | claiming of stock exchange issuance expenses over three years. |
Eligibility for benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not subject to receipt of prior approval from any governmental authority.
If we qualify as an industrial company within the definition of the Industry Encouragement Law, we are entitled to the benefits described above. We believe that in 2003 we qualified as an Industrial Company under the law for Encouragement of Industry (Taxes) 1969. We cannot provide any assurance that the Israeli tax authorities will agree with the determination that we qualified as an industrial company in the past or that we will maintain this qualification or our status as an industrial company.
Special Provisions Relating to Taxation Under Inflationary Conditions. The Income Tax Law (Inflationary Adjustments), 1985, generally referred to as the Inflationary Adjustments Law, represents an attempt to overcome the problems presented to a traditional tax system by an economy undergoing rapid inflation. The Inflationary Adjustments Law is highly complex. Its features which are material to us can generally be described as follows:
• | Where a company’s equity, as calculated under the Inflationary Adjustments Law, exceeds the depreciated cost of fixed assets, a deduction from taxable income is permitted equal to the excess multiplied by the applicable annual rate of inflation. The maximum deduction permitted in any single tax year is 70% of taxable income, with the unused portion permitted to be carried forward. |
• | Where a company’s depreciated cost of fixed assets exceeds its equity, then the excess multiplied by the applicable annual rate of inflation is added to taxable income. |
• | Gains on traded securities, including securities which are normally exempt from tax, are taxable in specified circumstances. |
Taxation of Our Shareholders
Capital Gains on Sales of Our Ordinary Shares. Israeli law imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of capital assets. The law distinguishes between real gain and inflationary surplus. The inflationary surplus is the portion of the total capital gain that is equivalent to the increase of the relevant asset’s purchase price which is attributable to the increase in the Israeli consumer price index between the date of purchase and the date of sale. Foreign residents who purchased an asset in foreign currency may request that the inflationary surplus be computed on the basis of the devaluation of the shekel against such foreign currency. The real gain is the excess of the total capital gain over the inflationary surplus. The inflationary surplus accumulated from and after December 31, 1993, is exempt from any capital gains tax in Israel while the real gain is taxed at the applicable rate discussed below.
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Dealers in securities in Israel are taxed at regular tax rates applicable to business income.
Under the convention between the United States and Israel concerning taxes on income, Israeli capital gains tax will not apply to the sale, exchange or disposition of ordinary shares by a person:
• | who qualifies as a resident of the United States within the meaning of the U.S.-Israel tax treaty; and |
• | who is entitled to claim the benefits available to the person by the U.S.-Israel tax treaty. |
However, this exemption does not apply, among other cases, if the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment of such person in Israel, or if the holder is a resident of the United States within the meaning of the U.S.-Israeli tax treaty who holds, directly or indirectly, shares representing 10% or more of our voting power during any part of the 12-month period preceding the sale, exchange or disposition, subject to specified conditions. Under these circumstances, the sale, exchange or disposition would be subject to Israeli tax, to the extent applicable. However, under the U.S.-Israel tax treaty, a U.S. resident generally would be permitted to claim a credit for the Israeli taxes paid against the U.S. federal income tax imposed on the sale, exchange or disposition, subject to the limitations under U.S. law applicable to foreign tax credits. The U.S.-Israel tax treaty does not relate to U.S. state or local taxes.
For residents of other countries, the purchaser of shares may be required to withhold 25% capital gains tax on all amounts received for the sale of our ordinary shares, for so long as the capital gain from such a sale is not exempt from Israeli capital gains tax, and unless a different rate is provided in a treaty between Israel and the seller’s country of residence.
Under new legislation, which became effective on January 1, 2003, the capital gain from the sale of shares by non Israeli residents would be tax exempt as long as our shares are listed on the Nasdaq National Market or any other stock exchange recognized by the Israeli Ministry of Finance, and provided certain other conditions are met, the most relevant of which are: (A) the capital gain is not attributed to the foreign resident’s permanent establishment in Israel, and (B) the shares were acquired by the foreign resident after the company’s shares had been listed for trading on the foreign Exchange. If the shares were sold by Israeli residents, then (A) for the period ending December 31, 2002 their sale would be tax exempt so long as (1) the shares are listed on a stock exchange, such as the Nasdaq National Market, which is recognized by the Israeli Ministry of Finance, and (2) we qualified as an industrial company or industrial holding company under the law for Encouragement of Industry (Taxes) 1969, and (B) for the period commencing January 1, 2003, the sale of the shares would be subject to a 15% tax if the shares are listed on a stock exchange recognized by the Israeli Ministry of Finance. We believe that in 2003 we qualified as an Industrial Company under the law for Encouragement of Industry (Taxes) 1969. We cannot provide any assurance that the Israeli tax authorities will agree with the determination that we qualified as an industrial company in the past or that we will maintain this qualification or our status as an industrial company. If we are delisted, gains from the sale of our ordinary shares will be subject to capital gains tax at a rate of 25% unless an exemption or other tax rate applies in accordance with a tax treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence.
Non-residents of Israel are subject to tax on income accrued or derived from sources in Israel. These sources of income include passive income such as dividends, royalties and interest, as well as non-passive income, such as income received for services rendered in Israel. We are required to withhold income tax at the rate of 25% with respect to passive income (or 15% for dividends distributed from income generated by an approved enterprise) unless a different rate or an exemption is provided in a tax treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence.
Under an amendment to the Inflationary Adjustments Law, non-Israeli corporations might be subject to Israeli taxes on the sale of shares in an Israeli company which are traded on certain stock markets, including The Nasdaq National Market, subject to the provisions of any applicable double taxation treaty.
United States Federal Income Taxation
The following is a description of the material United States federal income tax consequences of the ownership of our ordinary shares. This summary does not purport to address all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, own or dispose of our ordinary shares. This description assumes that holders of our ordinary shares will hold the ordinary shares as capital assets. This summary does not address tax considerations applicable to holders who may be subject to special tax rules, including:
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• | dealers or traders in securities or currencies; |
• | tax-exempt entities; |
• | banks, financial institutions or insurance companies; |
• | real estate investment trusts, regulated investment companies or grantor trusts; |
• | persons who received ordinary shares as compensation for the performance of services; |
• | holders who own, or are deemed to own, at least 10% or more, by voting power or value, of our shares; |
• | investors whose functional currency is not the United States dollar; or |
• | holders who hold our ordinary shares as part of a position in a straddle or as part of a hedging or conversion transaction for United States federal income tax purposes. |
Further, this description does not address any United States federal estate and gift or alternative minimum tax consequences, nor any state, local, or foreign tax consequences relating to the ownership and disposition of our ordinary shares.
This description is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, United States Treasury Regulations and judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, in each case as in effect and available on the date of this annual report. The United States tax laws and the interpretation thereof are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.
Unless specifically noted below, the following description applies only to owners of our ordinary shares that are United States holders for United States federal income tax purposes.
For purposes of this description, a United States holder is a beneficial owner of ordinary shares that, for United States federal income tax purposes, is:
• | citizen or resident of the United States; |
• | a corporation or partnership created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state, including the District of Columbia; |
• | an estate if its income is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
• | a trust if such trust validly has elected to be treated as a United States person for United States federal income tax purposes or if a United States court can exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions. |
A non-United States holder is a beneficial owner of ordinary shares that is not a United States holder.
Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the United States federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of acquiring, owning or disposing of our ordinary shares.
Distributions
Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”, the entire amount of any distribution made to you with respect to ordinary shares, other than any distributions of our ordinary shares made to all our shareholders, will constitute dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined under United States federal income tax principles. For these purposes, the amount of the distribution will not be reduced by the amount of any Israeli tax withheld from the distribution. Non-corporate U.S. Holders will be taxed on the dividend distributions made in taxable years beginning before December 31, 2008 at the lower rates applicable to long-term capital
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gains (i.e., gains with respect to capital assets held for more than one year). However, the dividends will be included in your gross income as ordinary income and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally allowed to corporate United States holders. We do not maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under United States federal income tax principles.
If distributions with respect to our ordinary shares exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess distributed with respect to any ordinary share would be treated first as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of your adjusted basis in that ordinary share. Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”, any amount in excess of the amount of the dividend and the return of capital would be treated as capital gain, subject to the rules described under “Sale or Exchange of our Ordinary Shares.”
If we pay a dividend or distribution in NIS, you will be required to take the dividend or distribution into account at its dollar amount based on the spot rate of exchange in effect on the distribution date. You will have a tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes in the NIS received equal to that dollar value, and any subsequent gain or loss in respect of the NIS arising from exchange rate fluctuations will generally be taxable as U.S. source ordinary income or loss.
You may generally elect to claim the Israeli income tax withheld from dividends and distributions you receive with respect to ordinary shares as a foreign tax credit against your United States federal income tax liability, subject to a number of limitations. Among the limitations, the foreign tax credits allowable with respect to specific classes of income cannot exceed the U.S. federal income tax payable with respect to each such class. Dividends we pay generally will be included in the “passive income” class for these purposes, or, in the case of certain financial services entity holders, “financial services income.” In lieu of claiming a foreign tax credit, you may claim a deduction for the withholding taxes if you itemize your deductions. Dividends received by you with respect to ordinary shares generally will be treated as foreign source income, which may be relevant in calculating your foreign tax credit limitation.
Subject to the discussion below under “Backup Withholding and Information Reporting,” if you are a non-United States holder of our ordinary shares, you will not be subject to United States federal income or withholding tax on dividends you receive on ordinary shares, unless the dividends are effectively connected with the conduct by such non-United States holder of a trade or business in the United States.
Sale or Exchange of Our Ordinary Shares
Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”, you will recognize capital gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes when you sell or exchange our ordinary shares. The amount of gain or loss will be equal to the difference between your adjusted tax basis in the ordinary shares and the amount realized on their disposition. If you are a noncorporate United States holder, the maximum marginal United States federal income tax rate applicable to such gain will be lower than the maximum marginal United States federal income tax rate applicable to ordinary income (other than certain dividends) if your holding period for our ordinary shares exceeds one year. Any gain or loss recognized by you generally will be treated as United States source income or loss for United States foreign tax credit purposes. Capital losses may only be used to offset capital gains, except that non-corporate U.S. holders are entitled to deduct capital losses in excess of capital gains not to exceed $3,000 per taxable year.
Subject to the discussion below under “Backup Withholding and Information Reporting,” if you are a non-United States holder of our ordinary shares, we expect that you will not be subject to United States federal income or withholding tax on gain realized on the sale or exchange of such ordinary shares unless (1) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by you of a trade or business in the United States, (2) in the case of gain realized by an individual non-United States holder, you are present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale or exchange and certain other conditions are met, or (3) you are subject to the rules applicable to certain United States expatriates.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations
A non-United States corporation will be classified as a “passive foreign investment company” (a “PFIC”) for United States federal income tax purposes in any taxable year in which, after applying applicable look-through rules with respect to a 25% or more owned subsidiary, either (1) at least 75% of its gross income is “passive income,” or (2) at least 50% of the gross value of its assets is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. Passive income for this purpose includes items such as dividends, interest, royalties, rents and gains from commodities and securities transactions.
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Based on our estimated gross income, the average value of our gross assets (determined by reference to the market value of our shares and valuing our intangible assets using the methods prescribed for publicly traded corporations) and the nature of our business, we believe that we will not be classified as a PFIC for the taxable year ended December 31, 2003. Our status in future years will depend on our assets and activities in those years, although you will be treated as continuing to own an interest in a PFIC if we are a PFIC in any year while you own your shares unless you make certain elections. We have no reason to believe that our assets or activities will change in a manner that would cause us to be classified as a PFIC, but because the market price of our ordinary shares is likely to fluctuate, we cannot assure you that we will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. If we were a PFIC, you generally would be subject to imputed interest charges and other disadvantageous tax treatment with respect to any gain from the sale or exchange of, and excess distributions with respect to, the ordinary shares.
If we were a PFIC, you could make a variety of elections that may alleviate the tax consequences referred to above, and one of these elections may be made retroactively. However, it is expected that the conditions necessary for making certain of such elections will not apply in the case of our ordinary shares. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding our potential status as a PFIC and the tax consequences that would arise if we were treated as a PFIC.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
United States backup withholding taxes and information reporting requirements apply to certain payments to noncorporate holders of stock. Information reporting requirements will, and a backup withholding tax may, apply to payments of dividends on, and to proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of, our ordinary shares made within the United States to a holder of our ordinary shares, other than an exempt recipient, including a corporation, a payee that is a non-United States person that provides an appropriate certification and certain other persons. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and may be claimed as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information. The backup withholding tax rate is 28% for years 2003 through 2010.
In the case of such payments by a payor within the United States to a foreign simple trust, foreign grantor trust or foreign partnership, other than payments to a foreign simple trust, foreign grantor trust or foreign partnership that qualifies as a withholding foreign trust or a withholding foreign partnership within the meaning of such income tax regulations and payments to a foreign simple trust, foreign grantor trust or foreign partnership that are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States, the beneficiaries of the foreign simple trust, the person treated as the owner of the foreign grantor trust or the partners of the foreign partnership, as the case may be, will be required to provide the certification discussed above in order to establish an exemption from backup withholding tax and information reporting requirements.
The above description is not intended to constitute a complete analysis of all tax consequences relating to the ownership or disposition of our ordinary shares. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the tax consequences of your particular situation, as well as any tax consequences that may arise under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction.
F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS
Not applicable.
G. STATEMENTS BY EXPERTS
Not applicable.
H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
We are currently subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and file periodic reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission through its electronic data gathering, analysis and retrieval (EDGAR) system. Our securities filings, including this Annual Report and the exhibits thereto, are available for inspection and copying at the public reference facilities of the Securities and Exchange Commission located at Room 1024,450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549 and at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s regional office at Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison
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Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661. You may also obtain copies of the documents at prescribed rates by writing to the Public Reference Section of the Securities and Exchange Commission at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The Commission also maintains a website at http://www.sec.gov from which certain filings may be accessed.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders will be exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission as frequently or as promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act.
I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Not applicable.
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading purposes and, as of year end, we had no derivative financial instruments of any kind outstanding. Accordingly, we have concluded that there is no material market risk exposure of the type contemplated by Item 11, and that no quantitative tabular disclosures are required. We are exposed to certain other types of market risks. See Item 5.
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
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PART II
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
None.
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
There are no material modifications to the rights of security holders that are required to be disclosed.
Our initial public offering of our ordinary shares commenced on October 4, 2001, and terminated after the sale of all the securities registered. The co-lead managing underwriters for the offering were Lehman Brothers Inc. and Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation. We registered 5,750,000 ordinary shares in the offering, including shares issued pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. We sold 5,000,000 ordinary shares at an aggregate offering price of $60 million representing a price per share of $12.00. Under the terms of the offering, we incurred aggregate underwriting discounts of $4.2 million. We also incurred expenses of $2.6 million in connection with the offering. None of the amounts was paid directly or indirectly to any director, officer, general partner of ours or to their associates, persons owing ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities, or to any of our affiliates.
The net proceeds that we received as a result of the offering were $53.2 million. As of December 31, 2003, the net proceeds have been used as follows.
Use of Proceeds | | Description | | | Amount (in thousands) | |
Construction of plant, buildings and facilities | | — | | | $ | — | |
Purchase and installation of machinery and equipment | | Computers, office equipment, installment for semi-automated production lines | | | | 11,980 | |
Purchase of real estate | | — | | | | — | |
Repayment of indebtedness | | Capital lease obligation for motor vehicles | | | | 149 | |
Working capital | | Operating expenses | | | | 36,873 | |
Temporary investments | | — | | | | — | |
Any other use involving $100,000 of the proceeds | | — | | | | — | |
Total: | | | | | $ | 49,002 | |
None of the net proceeds of the offering was paid directly or indirectly to any director, officer, general partner of ours or to their associates, persons owning ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities, or to any of our affiliates.
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic filings with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Furthermore, management necessarily was required to use its judgment in evaluating the cost to benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. The evaluation was performed with the participation of senior management of each business segment and key corporate functions, and under the supervision of the CEO and CFO. Based on the evaluation, our management, including the CEO and CFO, concluded that our disclosure controls and
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procedures were effective. There have been no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls after the date we completed the evaluation.
ITEM 16. [RESERVED]
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT.
The board of directors has determined that Michael Grobstein is the financial expert serving on its audit committee.
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS.
We have adopted a code of ethics applicable to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, controller and persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code of ethics is attached to this report as Exhibit 11.1.
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The following table sets forth the total remuneration that was paid by us and our subsidiaries to our independent accountants, KPMG, in each of our previous two fiscal years:
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
| | (unaudited) | |
Audit fees | | $ | 178 | | $ | 175 | |
Audit-related fees | | | 121 | | | 21 | |
Tax fees | | | 36 | | | 36 | |
All other fees | | | 41 | | | 27 | |
Total | | $ | 376 | | $ | 259 | |
Our audit committee pre-approved all audit and non-audit services provided to us and to our subsidiaries during the periods listed above.
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PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See pages F-1 to F-33 incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS
Exhibit | Description |
| |
1.1 | Articles of Association, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.1 | Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2000, by and among the Registrant and the parties thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.2 | Amendment No. 1 to Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of July 16, 2001, by and among the Registrant and the parties thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.3 | Production Development, Manufacturing and Sales Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2002, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and the Registrant. ![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0000950117-04-001016/image002.jpg)
|
| |
4.4 | Technology Purchase and License Agreement, dated as of January 29, 1998, by and between Rafael Armament Development Authority of the Israeli Ministry of Defense and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.5 | Agreement for the Development, Planning and Production of an ASIC Transmitter, dated as of December 13, 1998, by and between ASICOM Technologies Ltd. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001.† |
| |
4.6 | Form of Indemnification Agreement between directors and officers of the Registrant and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.7 | Lease Agreement, dated as of December 15, 1999, by and between B. A. T. M. Lands Ltd. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.8 | Purchase and Sale Contract, dated as of August 25, 2001, by and between Pemstar, Inc. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| |
4.9 | Form of Standard Distribution Agreement of the Registration, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-81514) filed with the Commission on February 1, 2002. |
| |
4.10 | Lease Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2001, by and between Ska’ar Yoqneam L.P. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-81514) filed with the Commission on February 1, 2002. |
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4.11 | Summary of Material Terms of Addendum, dated December 2002, to Lease Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2001, by and between Ska’ar Yoqneam and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 of the Annual Report on Form 20-F (File No. 000-33133) filed with the Commission on April 10, 2003. |
| |
8.1 | List of subsidiaries of the Registrant. |
| |
9.1 | Consent of KPMG Somekh Chaikin, independent accountants. |
| |
11.1 | Code of Ethics adopted on December 9, 2003. |
| |
12.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| |
12.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| |
13.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| |
13.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
______________
| ![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0000950117-04-001016/image002.jpg)
| Portions of this exhibit were omitted and have been filed separately with the Secretary of the Commission on March 17, 2004, pursuant to the Registrant’s application requesting confidential treatment under Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
| † | Portions of this exhibit were omitted and have been filed separately with the Secretary of the Commission on April 10, 2003, pursuant to the Registrant’s application requesting confidential treatment under Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
| * | This document is being furnished in accordance with SEC Release Nos. 33-8212 and 34-47551. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
| | GIVEN IMAGING LTD. |
| | By: | /s/ Gavriel Meron
|
| | | Name: Gavriel Meron Title: President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
| | By: | /s/ Zvi Ben David |
| | | Name: Zvi Ben David Title: Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Date: March 17, 2004
Given Imaging Ltd.
Consolidated Audited Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2003
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
F - 1
Report of Independent Auditors to the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Given Imaging Ltd.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Given Imaging Ltd. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2003. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s Board of Directors and of its management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurances about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Board of Directors and by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the consolidated results of its operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Somekh Chaikin | | | |
| | | |
Somekh Chaikin Certified Public Accountants (Israel) | | | |
A member of KPMG International | | | |
February 10, 2004
F - 2
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands except per share data)
| | | | | December 31 | |
| | Note | | | 2002 | | | 2003 | |
Assets | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | 1D; 2 | | $ | 35,792 | | $ | 25,367 | |
Accounts receivable: | | | | | | | | | |
Trade | | | | | 6,865 | | | 6,945 | |
Other | | 3 | | | 1,485 | | | 467 | |
Inventories | | 1F; 4 | | | 10,659 | | | 8,485 | |
Prepaid expenses | | 1G | | | 1,258 | | | 1,361 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | | | 56,059 | | | 42,625 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | | | | | 192 | | | 361 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Assets held for severance benefits | | 1H; 9 | | | 674 | | | 1,008 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Fixed assets, at cost, less accumulated depreciation | | 1I; 5 | | | 9,967 | | | 9,595 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Other assets, at cost, less accumulated amortization | | 1J; 6 | | | 1,836 | | | 1,980 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | | | $ | 68,728 | | $ | 55,569 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 3
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands except per share data)
| | | | December 31 | |
| | | |
| |
| | Note | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Current installments of obligation under capital lease | | 7B | | $ | 56 | | $ | 27 | |
Accounts payable: | | | | | | | | | |
Trade | | | | | 4,990 | | | 2,216 | |
Other | | 8 | | | 6,279 | | | 4,462 | |
Related parties | | | | | 35 | | | — | |
Deferred revenue | | 1O | | | 727 | | | 950 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
Total current liabilities | | | | | 12,087 | | | 7,655 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
Long-term liabilities | | | | | | | | | |
Obligation under capital lease, net | | 7B | | | 47 | | | 4 | |
Liability for employee severance benefits | | 9 | | | 835 | | | 1,188 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
Total long-term liabilities | | | | | 882 | | | 1,192 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | | | 12,969 | | | 8,847 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies | | 7 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | | | 2,182 | | | 1,924 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Shareholders’ equity | | | | | | | | | |
Share capital: | | 11 | | | | | | | |
Ordinary Shares, NIS 0.05 par value each (60,000,000 shares authorized; 25,373,513 and 25,649,188 shares issued and fully paid at December 31, 2002 and 2003, respectively) | | | | | 298 | | | 301 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | | | 100,262 | | | 100,996 | |
Capital reserve | | | | | 2,166 | | | 2,166 | |
Unearned compensation | | | | | (123 | ) | | (30 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | | | | (49,026 | ) | | (58,635 | ) |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
Total shareholders’ equity | | | | | 53,577 | | | 44,798 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | | | $ | 68,728 | | $ | 55,569 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 4
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements Of Operations
(In thousands except per share data)
| | | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | | |
| |
| | Note | | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | 1O; 12 | | $ | 4,733 | | $ | 28,904 | | $ | 40,539 | |
Cost of revenues | | | | | 2,476 | | | 11,907 | | | 13,551 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | | | 2,257 | | | 16,997 | | | 26,988 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development, gross | | 1R | | | (6,156 | ) | | (8,609 | ) | | (7,037 | ) |
Royalty bearing participation | | 1P | | | 44 | | | — | | | 1,303 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development, net | | | | | (6,112 | ) | | (8,609 | ) | | (5,734 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | | | | (12,902 | ) | | (22,681 | ) | | (26,804 | ) |
General and administrative | | | | | (2,664 | ) | | (4,749 | ) | | (5,312 | ) |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | | | (21,678 | ) | | (36,039 | ) | | (37,850 | ) |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | | | (19,421 | ) | | (19,042 | ) | | (10,862 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financing income, net | | | | | 764 | | | 1,469 | | | 995 | |
Other expenses, net | | | | | — | | | (711 | ) | | — | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before taxes on income | | | | | (18,657 | ) | | (18,284 | ) | | (9,867 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Taxes on income | | 1Q; 13 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before minority share | | | | | (18,657 | ) | | (18,284 | ) | | (9,867 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority share in losses (profits) of subsidiary | | | | | — | | | (26 | ) | | 258 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | | $ | (18,657 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss per share | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted loss per ordinary share | | 1L; 10 | | $ | (1.60 | ) | $ | (0.73 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of Ordinary | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares outstanding used in basic and | | | | | | | | | | | | |
diluted loss per Ordinary | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Share calculation | | 1L 10 | | | 12,879,369 | | | 25,182,563 | | | 25,493,073 | |
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 5
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Shareholders’ Equity
(In thousands except per share data)
| | Series A Preferred Shares | | Ordinary Shares | | Additional Paid-In Capital | | Capital Reserve | | Unearned Compensation | | Accumulated Deficit | | Total | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance as at January 1, 2001 | | 9,115,925 | | $ | 107 | | 8,804,188 | | $ | 103 | | $ | 35,384 | | $ | — | | $ | (460 | ) | $ | (12,059 | ) | $ | 23,075 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Changes during the year 2001: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Conversion of preferred shares into Ordinary Shares | | (9,115,925 | ) | | (107 | ) | 9,115,925 | | | 107 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Ordinary shares issued | | — | | | — | | 7,184,800 | | | 86 | | | 64,101 | | | | | | — | | | — | | | 64,187 | |
Allocation of employees’ stock options | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 251 | | | — | | | (251 | ) | | — | | | — | |
Allocation of non-employees’ stock options | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 367 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 367 | |
Amortization of unearned compensation | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 361 | | | — | | | 361 | |
Net loss | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (18,657 | ) | | (18,657 | ) |
| |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance as of December 31, 2001 | | — | | $ | — | | 25,104,913 | | $ | 296 | | $ | 100,103 | | $ | — | | $ | (350 | ) | $ | (30,716 | ) | $ | 69,333 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Changes during the year 2002: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | — | | | — | | 268,600 | | | 2 | | | 159 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 161 | |
Amortization of unearned compensation | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 227 | | | — | | | 227 | |
Capital reserve from issuance of shares in a newly formed subsidiary | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,166 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,166 | |
Net loss | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (18,310 | ) | | (18,310 | ) |
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Balance as of December 31, 2002 | | — | | $ | — | | 25,373,513 | | $ | 298 | | $ | 100,262 | | $ | 2,166 | | $ | (123 | ) | $ | (49,026 | ) | $ | 53,577 | |
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Changes during the year 2003: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercise of stock options | | — | | | — | | 275,675 | | | 3 | | | 722 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 725 | |
Forfeiture of stock options | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | (78 | ) | | — | | | 78 | | | — | | | — | |
Acceleration of vesting | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 31 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 31 | |
Allocation of non-employees’ stock options | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | 59 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 59 | |
Amortization of unearned compensation | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 15 | | | — | | | 15 | |
Net loss | | — | | | — | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (9,609 | ) | | (9,609 | ) |
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Balance as of December 31, 2003 | | — | | $ | — | | 25,649,188 | | $ | 301 | | $ | 100,996 | | $ | 2,166 | | $ | (30 | ) | $ | (58,635 | ) | $ | 44,798 | |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 6
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
| | Year ended December 31, | |
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| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
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Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (18,657 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
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Adjustments required to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Minority share in profits (losses) of subsidiary | | | — | | | 26 | | | (258 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,074 | | | 2,176 | | | 3,030 | |
Employees’ stock option compensation | | | 361 | | | 227 | | | 46 | |
Non-employees’ stock option compensation | | | 367 | | | — | | | 59 | |
Other | | | 41 | | | 97 | | | 9 | |
Increase in accounts receivable - trade | | | (2,470 | ) | | (4,395 | ) | | (80 | ) |
Decrease (increase) in other accounts receivable | | | (534 | ) | | (633 | ) | | 1,018 | |
Increase in prepaid expenses | | | (984 | ) | | (109 | ) | | (103 | ) |
Decrease in advances to suppliers | | | 259 | | | — | | | — | |
Decrease (increase) in inventories | | | (2,638 | ) | | (7,402 | ) | | 1,860 | |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable | | | 3,775 | | | 5,537 | | | (4,708 | ) |
Increase in deferred revenue | | | 193 | | | 534 | | | 223 | |
Increase (decrease) in payable to related parties | | | 15 | | | 19 | | | (35 | ) |
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Net cash used in operating activities | | $ | (19,198 | ) | $ | (22,233 | ) | $ | (8,548 | ) |
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Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchase of fixed assets and other assets | | $ | (4,955 | ) | $ | (7,472 | ) | $ | (2,550 | ) |
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets | | | 7 | | | — | | | 60 | |
Deposits, net | | | (57 | ) | | (88 | ) | | (157 | ) |
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Net cash used in investing activities | | $ | (5,005 | ) | $ | (7,560 | ) | $ | (2,647 | ) |
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Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Principal payments on capital lease obligation | | $ | (56 | ) | $ | (64 | ) | $ | (72 | ) |
Proceeds from the issuance of Ordinary Shares | | | 64,187 | | | 161 | | | 725 | |
Proceeds from issuance of shares by consolidated company | | | — | | | 4,322 | | | — | |
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Net cash provided by financing activities | | $ | 64,131 | | $ | 4,419 | | $ | 653 | |
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | $ | (58 | ) | $ | (64 | ) | $ | 117 | |
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Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 39,870 | | $ | (25,438 | ) | $ | (10,425 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 21,360 | | | 61,230 | | | 35,792 | |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 61,230 | | $ | 35,792 | | $ | 25,367 | |
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Supplementary cash flow information
| | Year ended December 31, | |
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Interest paid | | $ | 12 | | $ | 7 | | $ | 3 | |
Income taxes paid | | $ | 75 | | $ | 79 | | $ | 68 | |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F - 7
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
A. General
Given Imaging Ltd. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Israel in January 1998. The Company has generated revenues from sales of its products commencing the third quarter of 2001. Due in large part to the significant expenditures required to develop and market its product, the Company has generated losses each year since its inception.
The Company has developed the Given System, a proprietary wireless imaging system that represents a new approach to visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract. The system uses a miniaturized video camera contained in a capsule that is ingested by the patient and delivers high quality color images in a painless and noninvasive manner.
The Given System consists of three principal components:
| • | a single-use, disposable M2A color-imaging capsule that is ingested by the patient; |
| • | a portable data recorder and array of sensors that are worn by the patient; and |
| • | a computer workstation with a proprietary RAPID software for downloading, processing and analyzing recorded data. |
The Company has designed the Given System to be administered on an outpatient basis. After the patient swallows the M2A capsule, the capsule moves naturally through the digestive system without causing discomfort. During a typical seven-hour test the M2A capsule transmits 50,000 images to the portable data recorder while the patient continues normal daily activities. After the patient returns the data recorder to the physician at his or her convenience, the Company’s proprietary RAPID software processes the images into a high quality video stream that a physician can review in about one hour.
On August 1, 2001, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) cleared the marketing in the United States of the Company’s swallowable video capsule.
The novel medical device industry in which the Company is involved is characterized by the risks of regulatory barriers and reimbursement issues. Penetration into the world market requires the investment of considerable resources and continuous development efforts. The Company’s future success is dependent upon several factors including the technological quality, regulatory approvals and sufficient reimbursement for its products.
B. Basis of presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries in the USA, Germany, France, the Netherlands and Australia and its 51% owned subsidiary in Japan. The accounts of its subsidiaries are consolidated from the date of their inception. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
All the subsidiaries were established for the purpose of marketing and selling the Given System.
F - 8
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
C. Functional and reporting currency
The accounting records of the Company are maintained in New Israeli Shekels (“NIS”) and U.S. dollars. The Company’s functional and reporting currency is the U.S. dollar.
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into the reporting currency using current exchange rates. Gains and losses from the translation of foreign currency balances are recorded in the statement of operations.
The Company currently has no plans to pay dividends and has not determined the currency in which any dividends would be paid.
D. Cash and cash equivalents
All highly-liquid investments with original maturity of three months or less from the date of deposit are considered to be cash equivalents.
E. Provision for doubtful debts
The provision for doubtful debts is calculated on the basis of specific identification of balances, the collection of which, in management’s opinion, is doubtful. In determining the adequacy of the provision, management bases its opinion, inter alia, on the estimated risk, in reliance on available information with respect to the debtor’s financial position and an evaluation of the collateral received.
F. Inventories
Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the average cost method for raw materials and finished goods, and on the basis of actual manufacturing costs for work in progress and sub-contractors.
G. Prepaid expenses
Prepaid expenses are amortized using the straight-line method over the period during which such costs are recovered.
H. Assets held for severance benefits
Assets held for employee severance benefits represent contributions to severance pay funds and cash surrender life insurance policies that are recorded at their current redemption value.
F - 9
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
I. Fixed assets
Fixed assets are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets at the following annual rates:
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Office furniture, leasehold improvements, laboratory equipment and other equipment | | 6 - 15 | |
Computers, software and related equipment | | 20 - 33 | |
Machinery and equipment | | 15 | |
Motor vehicles | | 15 | |
Motor vehicles purchased under capital lease arrangements are recorded at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Such assets and leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset.
| J. | Other assets |
| 1. | The Company develops proprietary software for its computer workstations that permits downloading and viewing recorded data from the portable data recorder. The costs of developing this software are capitalized in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 86, “Accounting for Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed” (“Statement 86”). As such, capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility as defined in Statement 86 and continues up to the time the software is available for general release to customers, at which time capitalized software costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected life of the related product which is generally three years. |
| 2. | Legal expenses related to patent and trademark registration have been capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of the asset, which is generally eight years. |
| 3. | Technology and content costs are generally expensed as incurred, except for certain costs relating to the development of the Company’s web site that are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives which are generally three years. |
F - 10
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
K. Stock compensation plans
Employees
The Company has adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“Statement 123”) which permits entities to recognize as an expense over the vesting period, the fair value on the date of grant of all stock-based awards. Alternatively, Statement 123 allows entities to continue to apply the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and related interpretations” (“APB Opinion No. 25”) and provide pro forma net income and pro forma earnings per share disclosures for employee stock option grants as if the fair-value based method defined in Statement 123 had been applied. The Company has elected to continue to apply the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 and provide the pro forma disclosure provisions of Statement 123, as amended by SFAS 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure, an amendment of Statement No. 123” (“Statement 148”).
The Company applies the intrinsic value-based method prescribed in APB Opinion No. 25 for its stock compensation to employees and directors. As such, the Company computes and records compensation expense for grants whose terms are fixed with respect to the number of shares and option price only if the market price on the date of grant exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. The compensation cost for the fixed plans is recorded over the period the employee performs the service to which the stock compensation relates.
Non-Employees
The Company applies the fair value-based method of accounting set forth in Statement 123 to account for stock based compensation to non-employees. Using the fair value method, the total compensation expense is computed based on the fair value of the options on the date the options are granted to the non-employees since the options are fully vested.
The following table shows the effect on net loss and loss per Ordinary Share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of Statement 123:
| | Year ended December 31, | |
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| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
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Net loss as reported | | $ | (18,657 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
Deduct: Compensation expenses according to APB 25 included in the reported net loss | | | 728 | | | 227 | | | 105 | |
Add: Application of compensation expenses according to Statement 123 | | | (1,198 | ) | | (4,324 | ) | | (7,012 | ) |
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Pro forma net loss | | $ | (19,127 | ) | $ | (22,407 | ) | $ | (16,516 | ) |
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Basic and diluted loss per Ordinary Share: | | | | | | | | | | |
As reported | | $ | (1.60 | ) | $ | (0.73 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
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Pro forma | | $ | (1.63 | ) | $ | (0.89 | ) | $ | (0.65 | ) |
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F - 11
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
L. Loss per Ordinary Share
Basic and diluted loss per Ordinary Share is presented in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 128, “Earnings Per Share”, for all years presented. Basic loss per Ordinary Share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to Ordinary Shares, by the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding. All the outstanding options have an anti-dilutive influence since the Company incurred losses since inception.
M. Use of estimates
Management of the Company has made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities to prepare these consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
N. Impairment of long-lived assets and certain intangibles
The Company accounts for long-lived assets and certain intangible assets in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment of or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“Statement 144”).
This Statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.
The adoption of Statement 144 had no impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
F - 12
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
O. Revenue recognition
The Company derives principally all of its revenues from sales of its gastrointestinal diagnostic system (Given System). The Given System consists principally of the disposable M2A color-imaging capsule, a portable data recorder with an array of sensors and a computer workstation equipped with the Company’s proprietary RAPID software.
Revenues from sales of products are recognized in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101 “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements” (“SAB No. 101”), that was amended in Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, upon delivery provided that the collection of the resulting receivable is probable, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, no significant obligations in respect of installation remain and the price is fixed or determinable.
For sale contracts which include a Post Contract Customer Support (“PCS”) component, revenues from PCS are deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the support period, which is generally one year, according to EITF 00-21 “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables”.
The Company accrues estimated warranty costs at time of shipment based on contractual rights and historical experience. The Company’s policy is not to grant return rights.
P. Government-Sponsored Research and Development
The Company records grants received from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade (the “OCS”) as a deduction of research and development expenses.
Royalties payable to OCS are classified as cost of revenue.
Q. Income taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“Statement 109”).
Under Statement 109 deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognized in respect of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts as well as in respect of tax losses and other deductions which may be deductible for tax purposes in future years, based on enacted statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which such deferred taxes will be realized. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
R. Research and development costs
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
F - 13
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes to The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 1 - Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (cont’d)
S. Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that may subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable.
Cash and cash equivalents are deposited with major financial institutions in Europe, the United States, Japan and Israel.
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of the financial condition of its customers. The risk of collection associated with trade receivables is reduced by the large number and geographical dispersion of the Company’s customer base and the Company’s policy of requiring collateral or security on sales to distributors.
T. Recent accounting pronouncements
The Company examined the recently issued accounting standards SFAS No. 149, SFAS No. 150, and FIN 46 and believes that the adoption of these standards will not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Note 2 - Cash and Cash Equivalents
| | December 31 | |
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| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
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Denominated in U.S. dollars | | $ | 29,807 | | $ | 17,364 | |
Denominated in New Israeli Shekels | | | 575 | | | 2,413 | |
Denominated in Euro | | | 772 | | | 1,321 | |
Denominated in Australian dollars | | | 147 | | | 485 | |
Denominated in Japanese Yen | | | 4,491 | | | 3,784 | |
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| | $ | 35,792 | | $ | 25,367 | |
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Cash equivalents in Israeli currency include bank deposits bearing annual interest rates of 5% unlinked to the Israeli CPI. Cash equivalents in U.S. dollars include bank deposits bearing annual interest rates of 1%. Cash equivalents in Euros include bank deposits bearing annual interest rates of 1.5%. The original maturities of these cash equivalents did not exceed three months.
F - 14
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 3 - Accounts Receivable - Other
| | December 31 | |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Government institutions | | $ | 1,192 | | $ | 443 | |
Related party | | | 206 | | | — | |
Other | | | 87 | | | 24 | |
| | $ | 1,485 | | $ | 467 | |
Note 4 - Inventories
| | December 31 | |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Raw materials and components | | $ | 3,838 | | $ | 4,248 | |
Work in progress | | | 2,342 | | | 1,011 | |
Finished goods | | | 4,479 | | | 3,226 | |
| | $ | 10,659 | | $ | 8,485 | |
Note 5 - Fixed Assets, at Cost, Less Accumulated Depreciation
| | December 31 | |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Computers and software | | $ | 3,352 | | $ | 3,648 | |
Instruments and laboratory equipment | | | 450 | | | 543 | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 1,069 | | | 1,120 | |
Motor vehicles | | | 267 | | | 144 | |
Machinery and equipment | | | 6,767 | | | 8,351 | |
Communication equipment | | | 296 | | | 328 | |
Office furniture and equipment | | | 756 | | | 813 | |
Fixed assets | | | 12,957 | | | 14,947 | |
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Accumulated depreciation | | | (2,990 | ) | | (5,352 | ) |
Fixed assets less accumulated depreciation | | $ | 9,967 | | $ | 9,595 | |
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are $859, $1,757 and $2,475, respectively.
F - 15
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 6 - Other Assets, at Cost, Less Accumulated Amortization
| | December 31 | |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Software development costs | | $ | 647 | | $ | 647 | |
Patents and trademarks | | | 1,242 | | | 1,714 | |
Web site application and infrastructure | | | 596 | | | 823 | |
Other assets | | | 2,485 | | | 3,184 | |
Accumulated amortization | | | (649 | ) | | (1,204 | ) |
Other assets, net | | $ | 1,836 | | $ | 1,980 | |
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are $203, $419 and $555, respectively.
Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies
A. Office of the Chief Scientist Grants
The Company’s research and development efforts have been partially financed through grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade (the “OCS”). In return for the OCS’s participation, the Company is committed to pay royalties to the Israeli Government at a rate of 3% of the sales of its product, up to 100% of the amount of the grants received. The grants are deducted from research and development expenses. Grants received in advance of the corresponding expenditures incurred are recorded as a liability. The Company is entitled to the grants only upon incurring research and development expenditures. The Company is not obligated to repay any amount received from OCS if the research effort is unsuccessful or if no products are sold. There are no future performance obligations related to the grants received from the OCS. However, under certain limited circumstances, the OCS may withdraw its approval of a research program or amend the terms of its approval. Upon withdrawal of approval, the grant recipient may be required to refund the grant, in whole or in part, with or without interest, as the OCS determines. The Company received from the OCS office a total cumulative amount of $2,500 of which it already repaid $1,197. The total outstanding obligation for royalties, based on royalty-bearing government participation totaled approximately $1,303 as of December 31, 2003. Royalties payable to the OCS are classified in cost of revenues.
F - 16
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies (cont’d)
B. Leases
Capital leases for motor vehicles
The capital leases are to be repaid in five years and bear interest of LIBOR+ 1.35%. The vehicles are pledged as collateral.
Operating leases
The Company and its subsidiaries lease office space and manufacturing space for periods of up to ten years (including options to extend the lease terms). The Company and its subsidiaries furnished the lessors with bank guarantees - a total amount of $531.
The Company and its subsidiaries signed several motor vehicles lease agreements. The companies deposited a total amount of $177 to guarantee their performance under the terms of the lease agreements.
Future minimum capital lease payments and future minimum operating lease payments:
| | December 31, 2003 | |
| | Capital leases | | Operating leases | |
2004 | | $ | 27 | | $ | 1,731 | |
2005 | | | 4 | | | 1,449 | |
2006 | | | — | | | 655 | |
2007 | | | — | | | 142 | |
2008 and thereafter | | | — | | | 123 | |
| | $ | 31 | | $ | 4,100 | |
Office and manufacturing rental expense under the lease agreements for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are $516, $950 and $1,140, respectively.
C. Agreements with Pemstar Inc.
During 2002, the Company entered into a one year non-exclusive technical services agreement with Pemstar Inc., a U.S. electronics manufacturing service and equipment company (Pemstar), pursuant to which Pemstar will provide the Company with technical services relating to the manufacture of the M2A capsule and purchasing the components necessary for producing the M2A capsule, either through the Company or directly from the suppliers.
F - 17
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies (cont’d)
C. Agreements with Pemstar Inc. (cont’d)
Pemstar built for the Company two semi-automated production lines. One is fully operated in the Company’s facilities in Yoqneam and one serves as a back-up production line being stored outside of Israel and ready for operation on sixty days notice.
In consideration of providing these services to the Company, the Company pays Pemstar a monthly fixed amount for each functional M2A capsule that is delivered to the Company. This amount will decrease as the volume of M2A capsules produced increase.
| D. | Legal claims |
| 1. | On November 25, 2002, the Company filed a lawsuit and motion for preliminary injunction against a former employee, a company which he founded and a wholly-owned subsidiary thereof for which he is now working (together, the “Defendants”) relating to certain patent applications filed by the former employee seeking a declaratory judgment that the above patent applications are the sole property of the Company. The Defendants filed a defense and counterclaim against the Company and its CEO for abuse of legal proceedings and acting in bad-faith, damaging the Defendant’s reputation and unfairly interfering with the Defendants’ business. |
| | On January 25, 2003, directors of the Company received correspondence from certain investors in the Defendants claiming that the directors are liable for the Company’s conduct with respect to the lawsuit against the Defendants, and demanding that the Company withdraw its lawsuit. |
| | The Company believes that its complaint against the Defendants has merit and that it should prevail, and accordingly, both the counterclaim and the correspondence received by the members of the Company’s Board of Directors are both without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them. |
F - 18
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies (cont’d)
| D. | Legal claims (cont’d)
|
| 2. | On November 14, 2002, the Company received correspondence from a U.S. Corporation proposing to grant the Company a license under reasonable terms for a U.S. patent for the technology utilized by the Company in its disposable imaging capsule. |
| | The Company believes that such a license is not warranted, however, several further letters have been exchanged between the parties and the Company is in communication with the U.S. Corporation to amicably resolve this matter. |
| 3. | On December 30, 2003, a Japanese corporation filed a request for ex parte reexamination (hereinafter - “Reexamination Request”) of some claims in one of the Company’s U.S. patents (hereinafter - the “Patent”) in the United States Patent and Trademark Office (hereinafter the - “USPTO”). The USPTO will decide by late March or early April 2004, whether or not to conduct the reexamination pursuant to the request. The Company is not accused of infringing a third party’s patent and its ability to sell its products is not contested. |
Note 8 - Accounts Payable - Other
| | December 31 | |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Government institutions | | $ | 559 | | $ | 439 | |
Liabilities to employees | | | 2,933 | | | 2,078 | |
Advances from customers | | | 214 | | | 40 | |
Warranty | | | 95 | | | 68 | |
Chief Scientist Royalties | | | 490 | | | — | |
Commissions | | | 346 | | | 884 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 1,642 | | | 953 | |
| | $ | 6,279 | | $ | 4,462 | |
F - 19
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 9 - Liability in Respect of Employee Severance Benefits
Under Israeli law and labor agreements the Company is required to pay severance benefits to its dismissed employees and employees leaving its employment under certain circumstances. The Company’s liability for severance benefits is covered mainly by deposits with insurance companies in the name of the employee and/or by purchase of insurance policies. The liability is calculated on the basis of the latest salary of the employee multiplied by the number of years of employment as of the balance sheet date. The provision for employee severance benefits included in the balance sheet represents the total liability for such severance benefits, while the assets held for severance benefits included in the balance sheet represents the Company’s contributions to severance pay funds and to insurance policies. The Company may make withdrawals from the funds only upon complying with the Israeli severance pay law or labor agreements.
The U.S. subsidiary has a defined contribution retirement plan for its employees. Employees are allowed to contribute a percentage of their salary in any one year, subject to a regulatory limit. The Company makes matching contributions of up to 3% of an employee’s salary. Employees are immediately vested in the Company’s contributions.
Expenses recorded in respect of severance pay for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003 are $339 $418, and $489, respectively.
Note 10 - Loss Per Ordinary Share
The following table summarizes information related to the computation of basic and diluted loss per Ordinary Share for the years indicated.
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Net loss | | $ | (18,657 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
Interest accrued on Preferred Shares | | | (1,888 | ) | | — | | | — | |
Net loss attributable to Ordinary Shares | | $ | (20,545 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding used in basic loss per Ordinary Share calculation | | | 12,879,369 | | | 25,182,563 | | | 25,493,073 | |
Add assumed exercise of outstanding dilutive potential Ordinary Shares | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding used in diluted loss per Ordinary Share calculation | | | 12,879,369 | | | 25,182,563 | | | 25,493,073 | |
Basic loss per Ordinary Share | | $ | (1.60 | ) | $ | (0.73 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Diluted loss per Ordinary Share | | $ | (1.60 | ) | $ | (0.73 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
The Company had 3,881,396 options outstanding as of December 31, 2003 that could potentially dilute basic loss per ordinary share in future periods but which were not included in diluted loss per Ordinary Share because their effect on the periods presented was antidilutive.
F - 20
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 11 - Share Capital
A. Ordinary shares
All of the issued and outstanding Ordinary Shares of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The Ordinary Shares of the Company are not redeemable and have no preemptive rights. The ownership or voting of Ordinary Shares by non-residents of Israel is not restricted in any way by the Company’s memorandum of association, its articles of association or the laws of the State of Israel, except that citizens of countries which are, or have been, in a state of war with Israel may not be recognized as owners of Ordinary Shares.
B. Employees’ and non employees’ stock options
In 1998, the Company adopted a stock option plan for employees and consultants involving up to 10% of the Company’s share capital. Each option entitles the holder to purchase one Ordinary A Share (as of the IPO date - one Ordinary Share) of par value of NIS 0.05. The options vest over a period of four years and are exercisable for a period of ten years from the date of grant. The options are held in trust on behalf of the Israeli employees, in accordance with Section 102 of the Income Tax Ordinance in Israel and related regulations.
In 2000, the Company adopted the 2000 Stock Option Plan (“2000 Plan”), and in 2003, the Company adopted another Option Plan (“2003 Plan”). Under the 2000 Plan and the 2003 Plan, the Board of Directors (or a compensation committee appointed and upheld by the board) (the “Board”) has the authority to grant options to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, directors or consultants.
The purchase price of each share pursuant to the options granted under the 2003 Plan shall be the fair market value on the date the Board approves the grant of the option or as otherwise determined by the Board.
As of December 31, 2003, 4,303,788 Ordinary Shares of the Company, of a par value of NIS 0.05 each, are reserved for the exercise of options granted under the Plans.
According to the 2003 Plan, 25% of the options of an optionee, who received options under this option plan and who had already received options for the purchase of shares from the Company in the past, will vest and be exercisable as of the date of grant. Upon each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant and at any time thereafter, an additional 25% of the options shall vest.
Unless otherwise prescribed by the Board, an option is not exercisable before the second anniversary of the date of grant. As of the second anniversary of the date of grant and at any time thereafter, the option vests with respect to 50% of the option shares, and after the third and fourth anniversaries of the date of grant with respect to 25% of the option shares, respectively. The Board has the exclusive authority to accelerate the periods for exercising an option. However, no option is exercisable after the passing of ten years from the date of grant.
F - 21
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 11 - Share Capital (cont’d)
B. Employees’ and non employees’ stock options (cont’d)
Options granted to Israeli optionees are designated as Section 102 options or Section 3(i) options within the meaning of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance and related regulations.
(See Note 13A(4)(b) regarding the Israel Tax Reform).
Options granted to non-Israeli optionees may or may not contain such terms as will qualify such options as Incentive Stock Options (“ISOs”) within the meaning of Section 422(b) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Options that do not contain terms that will qualify them as ISOs are referred to herein as Non-Qualified Stock Options. Each option agreement is required to state whether such option will or will not be treated as an ISO. No ISO is granted unless such option, when granted, qualifies as an “incentive stock option” under Section 422 of the Code.
Compensation expense related to options issued has been calculated based on the difference between the market price of the underlying shares and the option’s exercise price. Prior to the IPO date (October 4, 2001), the market price of the underlying shares was estimated on the basis of the price that was paid by various third parties, as well as increases in value attributable to the achievement of milestones in the Company’s business plan. The share price paid by third parties has been adjusted upwards between the dates of the various private offerings. Following the IPO date (October 4, 2001), the market price represents the underlying listed price on the Nasdaq National Market.
The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and recorded compensation expense of $361, $227 and $46 in the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively, according to the intrinsic value of the above options.
The Company applies Statement 123 in respect of options granted to consultants and recorded compensation expense of $367, $0 and $59 in the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively, related to the above options according to the Black-Scholes model.
The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in accounting for its stock compensation programs benefiting employees and directors.
F - 22
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 11 - Share Capital (cont’d)
B. Employees’ and non employees’ stock options (cont’d)
The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and loss per Ordinary Share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of Statement 123:
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
Net loss as reported | | $ | (18,657 | ) | $ | (18,310 | ) | $ | (9,609 | ) |
Deduct: Compensation expenses according to APB 25 included in the reported net loss | | | 728 | | | 227 | | | 105 | |
Add: Application of compensation expenses according to Statement 123 | | | (1,198 | ) | | (4,324 | ) | | (7,012 | ) |
Pro forma net loss | | $ | (19,127 | ) | $ | (22,407 | ) | $ | (16,516 | ) |
Basic and diluted loss per Ordinary Share: | | | | | | | | | | |
As reported | | $ | (1.60 | ) | $ | (0.73 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Pro forma | | $ | (1.63 | ) | $ | (0.89 | ) | $ | (0.65 | ) |
The fair value of each option granted is estimated on the date of grant, using the Black-Scholes model using the following assumptions:
| 1. | Dividend yield of zero percent. |
| 2. | Risk-free interest rate of 2.00%, 2.00% and 1.50% for December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively, which represents the risk free interest rates to dollar-linked financial instruments as published by the Israeli Stock Exchange. |
| 3. | Estimated expected lives of seven years as of the date of grant. |
| 4. | Expected average volatility of 55%, 100% and 81%, for December 31, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively which represents a weighted average standard deviation rate for the price of the Company’s Ordinary Shares in the Nasdaq National Market. |
F - 23
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 11 - Share Capital (cont’d)
B. Employees’ and non employees’ stock options (cont’d)
The following table summarizes information relating to stock options for Ordinary Shares outstanding as of the years indicated:
| | | | Options outstanding | | Options exercisable | |
Exercise price | | Number outstanding at December 31, 2003 | | Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years) | | Number exercisable at December 31, 2003 | |
NIS 0.05 | | 403,036 | | 4.8 | | 403,036 | |
$1.00 | | 33,000 | | 5.1 | | 33,000 | |
$1.250 | | 12,000 | | 6.8 | | 12,000 | |
$1.268 | | 139,350 | | 5.9 | | 133,350 | |
$2.628 | | 282,375 | | 6.5 | | 241,782 | |
$3.505 | | 563,732 | | 6.8 | | 434,999 | |
$4.667 | | 189,270 | | 7.3 | | 95,010 | |
$8.030 | | 40,000 | | 9.2 | | — | |
$8.180 | | 53,000 | | 9.4 | | 500 | |
$8.700 | | 32,000 | | 8.7 | | — | |
$8.860 | | 321,625 | | 9.1 | | 76,250 | |
$9.260 | | 21,000 | | 9.0 | | 21,000 | |
$11.00 | | 32,000 | | 9.7 | | — | |
$11.70 | | 84,900 | | 7.6 | | 54,600 | |
$12.00 | | 475,000 | | 8.2 | | 187,500 | |
$12.15 | | 336,800 | | 8.5 | | 37,800 | |
$12.35 | | 4,500 | | 9.7 | | 3,750 | |
$12.45 | | 15,000 | | 8.2 | | — | |
$12.60 | | 2,500 | | 9.8 | | 2,500 | |
$12.68 | | 100,000 | | 9.5 | | 25,000 | |
$12.95 | | 10,000 | | 8.1 | | — | |
$13.00 | | 26,808 | | 8.1 | | 5,308 | |
$13.09 | | 8,000 | | 9.6 | | — | |
$13.85 | | 41,500 | | 8.3 | | — | |
$14.30 | | 2,000 | | 7.9 | | 1,000 | |
$16.40 | | 2,000 | | 7.9 | | 1,000 | |
$17.76 | | 650,000 | | 9.9 | | 68,750 | |
| | | | | | | |
| | 3,881,396 | | | | 1,838,135 | |
F - 24
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 11 - Share Capital (cont’d)
B. Employees’ and non employees’ stock options (cont’d)
The option allotments are as follows:
| | Number of shares | | Weighted average exercise price | | Weighted average grant date fair value | |
| | | | | | | |
Balance at January 1, 2001 | | 1,968,543 | | | | | |
Granted | | 721,140 | | 9.16 | | 9.57 | |
Forfeited | | (40,020 | ) | 2.77 | | 3.46 | |
Balance at December 31, 2001 | | 2,649,663 | | | | | |
Granted | | 679,000 | | 12.06 | | 11.60 | |
Forfeited | | (82,600 | ) | 9.02 | | 9.42 | |
Exercised | | (268,600 | ) | 0.60 | | 1.91 | |
Balance at December 31, 2002 | | 2,977,463 | | | | | |
Granted | | 1,331,500 | | 13.78 | | 13.61 | |
Forfeited | | (151,892 | ) | 9.08 | | 8.92 | |
Exercised | | (275,675 | ) | 2.63 | | 3.34 | |
Balance at December 31, 2003 | | 3,881,396 | | | | | |
The following summarizes the departmental allocation of the stock-based compensation charge:
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development costs | | $ | 463 | | $ | 73 | | $ | (18 | ) |
Selling and marketing expenses | | | 165 | | | 77 | | | 94 | |
General and administrative expenses | | | 100 | | | 77 | | | 29 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 728 | | $ | 227 | | $ | 105 | |
F - 25
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 12 - Revenues
A. Revenues by activities
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Workstations and recorders | | $ | 3,325 | | $ | 17,230 | | $ | 15,879 | |
M2A capsule | | | 1,362 | | | 10,889 | | | 22,865 | |
Patency capsules and scanners | | | — | | | — | | | 15 | |
Service | | | 46 | | | 785 | | | 1,780 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 4,733 | | $ | 28,904 | | $ | 40,539 | |
B. Revenues by geographic areas
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2001 | | 2002 | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 2,252 | | $ | 15,648 | | $ | 26,162 | |
Europe | | | 1,972 | | | 8,334 | | | 11,838 | |
Rest of the world | | | 509 | | | 4,922 | | | 2,539 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 4,733 | | $ | 28,904 | | $ | 40,539 | |
Note 13 - Taxes on Income
| (1) | Israeli income tax is computed on the basis of the Company’s results in nominal NIS determined for statutory purposes. The Company is assessed for tax purposes under the Income Tax Law (Inflationary Adjustments 1985), the purpose of which is to prevent taxation on inflationary profits. |
| | Pursuant to the Israeli tax law, the Company was awarded “Approved Enterprise” status under the government alternative benefits track. The program is for investments in the development of infrastructure and for investments in locally produced and imported equipment. The main benefits to which the Company will be entitled, if it implements all the terms of an approved program, are the exemption from tax on income deriving from an approved enterprise, and reduced tax rates on dividends originating from this income. The income derived from an approved enterprise will be exempt from tax for a ten year period, commencing on the date that taxable income is first generated by the approved enterprise (limited to the earlier of a maximum period of 12 years from the year of commencement of operations or 14 years from the year the approval letter was received). As of December 31, 2003, the benefit term had not commenced. |
| | On December 30, 2002, the Company received an approval from the Investment Center for the expansion of its production capacity during the next two years under the alternative benefits track. The investments are expected to amount to $4.9 million and will be invested in its facilities in Yoqneam. The plan is subject to certain terms set forth in the approval letter. |
F - 26
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 13 - Taxes on Income (cont’d)
| A. | Company (cont’d) |
| | Dividend distributions originating from the income of the Approved Enterprise will be subject to tax at the rate of 15%, provided that the dividend is distributed during the period stipulated under Israeli law. |
| | In the event of a dividend distribution (including withdrawals and charges that are deemed to be dividends) out of the income originating from the approved enterprise, and on which the Company received a tax exemption, income from which the dividend is distributed will be subject to corporate taxes at rates varying from 10% - 25% depending on the percentage of foreign investment holding in the Company as defined by the Law. |
| | If the Company derives income from sources other than the approved enterprise during the relevant period of benefits, such income will be taxable at regular corporate tax rates (36%). |
| (2) | The Company has net operating loss carryforwards in Israel of approximately $29.5 million as of December 31, 2003. These net operating loss carryforwards are linked to the Israeli Consumer Price Index and are available to offset future taxable income, if any, indefinitely. |
| (3) | The Company is exempt from tax for a ten-year period. Therefore, the Company has not recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities. |
| | During the year 2002, tax reform legislation was enacted with effect from January 1, 2003, which significantly changed the taxation basis from a territorial basis to a worldwide basis. |
| | The main provisions of the tax reform that may affect the Company are as follows: |
| (a) | Transfer pricing of international transactions with related parties |
| | The Income Tax Ordinance was amended to include provisions concerning transfer pricing between related parties, where one of the parties is situated abroad. Detailed provisions are to be included in Income Tax Regulations that have yet to be issued. Although the Company considers that its transfer pricing policy adopted with foreign affiliates is economically fair, an adjustment may be required following the issuance of the Regulations. |
F - 27
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 13 - Taxes on Income (cont’d)
| A. | Company (cont’d) |
| (4) | Israel Tax Reform (continued) |
| (b) | Employee stock incentive plans |
| | The tax reform codified past practice and determined three alternative tracks for taxing employee stock option plans. Where a trustee arrangement is in place, the employer can either claim an expense for tax purposes while the employee will be fully taxed up to the maximum marginal tax rate of 50% or the Company can waive the tax expense and the employee will pay a reduced tax rate of 25%. Where there is no trustee arrangement, the employee is fully taxable and no expense is allowed to the Company. There are detailed provisions for implementing these tracks. The Company decided to waive the tax expense and the employees will pay a reduced tax rate of 25%. |
| (c) | The seven year limit for carrying forward of capital losses has been removed with respect to capital losses arising from 1996 and thereafter. |
Because of operating losses, the Company’s subsidiaries, incurred no income tax expense for the period from inception through December 31, 2003. At December 31, 2003, the subsidiaries had local, federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $23,886.
The tax effects of significant items comprising the Company’s deferred taxes as of December 31, 2003:
Net operating tax assets regarding carryforward losses of subsidiaries | | $ | 8,730 | |
Start up costs and other timing differences | | | 526 | |
Less valuation allowance | | | (9,256 | ) |
| | | | |
Net deferred tax assets | | $ | — | |
F - 28
Given Imaging Ltd. and its Consolidated Subsidiaries
Notes To The Consolidated Financial Statements
(In thousands except per share data)
Note 14 - Related Parties Transactions and Balances
| A. | The Company carried out transactions with companies considered to be “related parties”. All of these transactions are carried out under normal business conditions. |
On January 29, 1998, the Company entered into a technology purchase and license agreement (the “Technology Purchase Agreement”) with Rafael Armament Development Authority (“Rafael”) which is a division of the Israeli Ministry of Defense.
Rafael is a related party because it beneficially owns 47.8% of the outstanding shares of RDC Rafael Development Corporation, and they both held approximately 16.5% of the Company’s shares.
Pursuant to the Technology Purchase Agreement, the Company purchased from Rafael for $30 all of Rafael’s rights to the technology associated with and the patent issued in connection with the prototype M2A capsule and system. Rafael and the Company each granted each other certain rights in connection with the know-how and technology associated with the M2A capsule and system, in the case of Rafael, solely for use in the military and security fields and, in the case of the Company, solely for commercial exploitation of the M2A capsule. In consideration for payment of royalties in an amount to be agreed upon, the Company and Rafael have agreed to grant to the other the exclusive right to use any improvements to the M2A capsule and system technology developed by the other party in these fields.
None of the parties has exercised these certain rights to date.
Note 15 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deposits, assets held for severance benefits and accounts payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments approximate fair value.
F - 29
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 20-F
INDEX OF EXIBITS
Exhibit | | Description |
| | |
1.1 | | Articles of Association, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.1 | | Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2000, by and among the Registrant and the parties thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.2 | | Amendment No. 1 to Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of July 16, 2001, by and among the Registrant and the parties thereto, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.3 | | Production Development, Manufacturing and Sales Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2002, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and the Registrant. ![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0000950117-04-001016/image002.jpg)
|
| | |
4.4 | | Technology Purchase and License Agreement, dated as of January 29, 1998, by and between Rafael Armament Development Authority of the Israeli Ministry of Defense and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.5 | | Agreement for the Development, Planning and Production of an ASIC Transmitter, dated as of December 13, 1998, by and between ASICOM Technologies Ltd. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001.† |
| | |
4.6 | | Form of Indemnification Agreement between directors and officers of the Registrant and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.7 | | Lease Agreement, dated as of December 15, 1999, by and between B. A. T. M. Lands Ltd. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.8 | | Purchase and Sale Contract, dated as of August 25, 2001, by and between Pemstar, Inc. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-68142) filed with the Commission on August 22, 2001. |
| | |
4.9 | | Form of Standard Distribution Agreement of the Registration, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-81514) filed with the Commission on February 1, 2002. |
| | |
4.10 | | Lease Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2001, by and between Ska’ar Yoqneam L.P. and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-81514) filed with the Commission on February 1, 2002. |
| | |
4.11 | | Summary of Material Terms of Addendum, dated December 2002, to Lease Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2001, by and between Ska’ar Yoqneam and the Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 of the Annual Report on Form 20-F (File No. 000-33133) filed with the Commission on April 10, 2003. |
| | |
8.1 | | List of subsidiaries of the Registrant. |
| | |
9.1 | | Consent of KPMG Somekh Chaikin, independent accountants. |
| | |
11.1 | | Code of Ethics adopted on December 9, 2003. |
| | |
12.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
12.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
13.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| | |
13.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
| | |
______________
| ![](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0000950117-04-001016/image003.jpg)
| Portions of this exhibit were omitted and have been filed separately with the Secretary of the Commission on March 17, 2004, pursuant to the Registrant’s application requesting confidential treatment under Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
| † | Portions of this exhibit were omitted and have been filed separately with the Secretary of the Commission on April 10, 2003, pursuant to the Registrant’s application requesting confidential treatment under Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. |
| * | This document is being furnished in accordance with SEC Release Nos. 33-8212 and 34-47551. |