Loans | 6 Months Ended |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
Loans [Abstract] | ' |
Loans | ' |
NOTE 3 — LOANS |
Finance receivables consist of the following: |
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Finance Receivables by Product (dollars in millions) |
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| June 30, | | December 31, | | | | | | | |
| 2014 | | 2013 | | | | | | | |
Loans | $ 13,895.6 | | $ 13,814.3 | | | | | | | |
Direct financing leases and leveraged leases | 4,708.8 | | 4,814.9 | | | | | | | |
Finance receivables | 18,604.4 | | 18,629.2 | | | | | | | |
Finance receivables held for sale | 1,102.4 | | 794.3 | | | | | | | |
Finance and held for sale receivables (1) | $ 19,706.8 | | $ 19,423.5 | | | | | | | |
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| -1 | | Assets held for sale on the Balance Sheet includes finance receivables and operating lease equipment. As discussed in subsequent tables, since the Company manages the credit risk and collections of finance receivables held for sale consistently with its finance receivables held for investment, the aggregate amount is presented in this table. | | | | | | | |
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The following table presents finance receivables by segment, based on obligor location: |
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Finance Receivables (dollars in millions) |
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| 30-Jun-14 | | 31-Dec-13 | | | |
| Domestic | Foreign | Total | | Domestic | Foreign | Total | | | |
Transportation & International Finance | $ 765.8 | $ 2,462.5 | $ 3,228.3 | | $ 666.6 | $ 2,827.8 | $ 3,494.4 | | | |
North American Commercial Finance | 13,893.2 | 1,482.9 | 15,376.1 | | 13,196.7 | 1,496.4 | 14,693.1 | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | - | - | - | | 117.9 | 323.8 | 441.7 | | | |
Total | $ 14,659.0 | $ 3,945.4 | $ 18,604.4 | | $ 13,981.2 | $ 4,648.0 | $ 18,629.2 | | | |
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The following table presents selected components of the net investment in finance receivables: |
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Components of Net Investment in Finance Receivables (dollars in millions) |
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| June 30, | | December 31, | | | | | | | |
| 2014 | | 2013 | | | | | | | |
Unearned income | $ (935.3) | | $ (942.0) | | | | | | | |
Unamortized (discounts) | -27.1 | | -47.9 | | | | | | | |
Net unamortized deferred costs and (fees) | 58.9 | | 49.7 | | | | | | | |
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Certain of the following tables present credit-related information at the “class” level in accordance with ASC 310-10-50, Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Finance Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses. A class is generally a disaggregation of a portfolio segment. In determining the classes, CIT considered the finance receivable characteristics and methods it applies in monitoring and assessing credit risk and performance. |
Credit Quality Information |
The following table summarizes finance receivables by the risk ratings that bank regulatory agencies utilize to classify credit exposure and which are consistent with indicators the Company monitors. Customer risk ratings are reviewed on a regular basis by Credit Risk Management and are adjusted as necessary for updated information affecting the borrowers’ ability to fulfill their obligations. |
The definitions of these ratings are as follows: |
| | Pass – finance receivables in this category do not meet the criteria for classification in one of the categories below. | | | | | | | | |
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| | Special mention – a special mention asset exhibits potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects. | | | | | | | | |
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| | Classified – a classified asset ranges from: (1) assets that exhibit a well-defined weakness and are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower, and are characterized by the distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the deficiencies are not corrected to (2) assets with weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full unlikely on the basis of current facts, conditions, and values. Assets in this classification can be accruing or on non-accrual depending on the evaluation of these factors. | | | | | | | | |
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Finance and Held for Sale Receivables — by Risk Rating (dollars in millions) |
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| Transportation & International Finance | North American Commercial Finance | | | | |
Grade: | Transportation Finance | International Finance | Corporate Finance | Equipment Finance | Real Estate Finance | Commercial Services | Subtotal | Non-Strategic Portfolios | Total | |
30-Jun-14 | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | $ 2,065.6 | $ 1,382.4 | $ 6,403.3 | $ 3,547.6 | $ 1,661.0 | $ 1,798.3 | $ 16,858.2 | $ 478.5 | $ 17,336.7 | |
Special mention | 11.8 | 98.9 | 677.8 | 258.3 | 76.6 | 273.6 | 1,397.0 | 68.4 | 1,465.4 | |
Classified - accruing | 48.7 | 59.3 | 189.0 | 215.4 | - | 176.6 | 689.0 | 25.3 | 714.3 | |
Classified - non-accrual | 15.1 | 25.7 | 58.9 | 73.4 | - | - | 173.1 | 17.3 | 190.4 | |
Total | $ 2,141.2 | $ 1,566.3 | $ 7,329.0 | $ 4,094.7 | $ 1,737.6 | $ 2,248.5 | $ 19,117.3 | $ 589.5 | $ 19,706.8 | |
31-Dec-13 | | | | | | | | | | |
Pass | $ 1,627.4 | $ 1,530.3 | $ 5,783.1 | $ 3,355.2 | $ 1,554.8 | $ 1,804.6 | $ 15,655.4 | $ 685.5 | $ 16,340.9 | |
Special mention | 28.6 | 145.8 | 769.5 | 363.5 | - | 314.7 | 1,622.1 | 350.1 | 1,972.2 | |
Classified - accruing | 97.2 | 36.2 | 233.6 | 266.0 | - | 138.9 | 771.9 | 97.8 | 869.7 | |
Classified - non-accrual | 14.3 | 21.0 | 83.8 | 59.4 | - | 4.2 | 182.7 | 58.0 | 240.7 | |
Total | $ 1,767.5 | $ 1,733.3 | $ 6,870.0 | $ 4,044.1 | $ 1,554.8 | $ 2,262.4 | $ 18,232.1 | $ 1,191.4 | $ 19,423.5 | |
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Past Due and Non-accrual Loans |
The table that follows presents portfolio delinquency status, regardless of accrual/non-accrual classification: |
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Finance and Held for Sale Receivables — Delinquency Status (dollars in millions) |
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| | 30–59 Days | 60–89 Days | 90 Days or | Due 30 Days or | | Total Finance | | | |
| | Past Due | Past Due | Greater | Greater | Current | Receivables | | | |
30-Jun-14 | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | $ - | $ 0.6 | $ 16.4 | $ 17.0 | $ 2,124.2 | $ 2,141.2 | | | |
International Finance | | 45.5 | 25.2 | 16.7 | 87.4 | 1,478.9 | 1,566.3 | | | |
Corporate Finance | | - | - | 6.6 | 6.6 | 7,322.4 | 7,329.0 | | | |
Equipment Finance | | 101.7 | 28.0 | 20.5 | 150.2 | 3,944.5 | 4,094.7 | | | |
Real Estate Finance | | - | - | - | - | 1,737.6 | 1,737.6 | | | |
Commercial Services | | 30.2 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 33.7 | 2,214.8 | 2,248.5 | | | |
Sub-total | | 177.4 | 56.0 | 61.5 | 294.9 | 18,822.4 | 19,117.3 | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | 19.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 30.4 | 559.1 | 589.5 | | | |
Total | | $ 196.4 | $ 61.8 | $ 67.1 | $ 325.3 | $ 19,381.5 | $ 19,706.8 | | | |
31-Dec-13 | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | $ 18.3 | $ 0.9 | $ 0.5 | $ 19.7 | $ 1,747.8 | $ 1,767.5 | | | |
International Finance | | 30.6 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 54.8 | 1,678.5 | 1,733.3 | | | |
Corporate Finance | | - | - | 17.8 | 17.8 | 6,852.2 | 6,870.0 | | | |
Equipment Finance | | 116.6 | 30.0 | 18.6 | 165.2 | 3,878.9 | 4,044.1 | | | |
Real Estate Finance | | - | - | - | - | 1,554.8 | 1,554.8 | | | |
Commercial Services | | 47.9 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 51.3 | 2,211.1 | 2,262.4 | | | |
Sub-total | | 213.4 | 44.9 | 50.5 | 308.8 | 17,923.3 | 18,232.1 | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | 29.7 | 7.9 | 16.2 | 53.8 | 1,137.6 | 1,191.4 | | | |
Total | | $ 243.1 | $ 52.8 | $ 66.7 | $ 362.6 | $ 19,060.9 | $ 19,423.5 | | | |
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The following table sets forth non-accrual loans and assets received in satisfaction of loans (repossessed assets). Non-accrual loans include loans that are individually evaluated and determined to be impaired (generally loans with balances greater than $500,000), as well as other, smaller balance loans placed on non-accrual due to delinquency (generally 90 days or more). |
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Finance Receivables on Non-accrual Status (dollars in millions) |
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| | 30-Jun-14 | | 31-Dec-13 | | |
| | Held for Investment | Held for Sale | Total | | Held for Investment | Held for Sale | Total | | |
Transportation Finance | | $ 15.1 | $ - | $ 15.1 | | $ 14.3 | $ - | $ 14.3 | | |
International Finance | | 25.7 | - | 25.7 | | 21.0 | - | 21.0 | | |
Corporate Finance | | 58.9 | - | 58.9 | | 83.5 | 0.3 | 83.8 | | |
Equipment Finance | | 73.4 | - | 73.4 | | 59.4 | - | 59.4 | | |
Commercial Services | | - | - | - | | 4.2 | - | 4.2 | | |
Sub-total | | 173.1 | - | 173.1 | | 182.4 | 0.3 | 182.7 | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | - | 17.3 | 17.3 | | 17.6 | 40.4 | 58.0 | | |
Total | | $ 173.1 | $ 17.3 | $ 190.4 | | $ 200.0 | $ 40.7 | $ 240.7 | | |
Repossessed assets | | | | 1.2 | | | | 7.0 | | |
Total non-performing assets | | | | $ 191.6 | | | | $ 247.7 | | |
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Total Accruing loans past due 90 days or more | | | | $ 10.6 | | | | $ 9.9 | | |
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Payments received on non-accrual financing receivables are generally applied first against outstanding principal, though in certain instances where the remaining recorded investment is deemed fully collectible, interest income is recognized on a cash basis. |
Impaired Loans |
The Company’s policy is to review for impairment finance receivables greater than $500,000 that are on non-accrual status. Consumer loans and small-ticket loan and lease receivables that have not been modified in a troubled debt restructuring, as well as short-term factoring receivables, are included (if appropriate) in the reported non-accrual balances above, but are excluded from the impaired finance receivables disclosure below as charge-offs are typically determined and recorded for such loans when they are more than 120 – 150 days past due. |
The following table contains information about impaired finance receivables and the related allowance for loan losses, exclusive of finance receivables that were identified as impaired at the Convenience Date for which the Company is applying the income recognition and disclosure guidance in ASC 310-30 (Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality), which are disclosed further below in this note. |
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Impaired Loans (dollars in millions) |
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| | | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | |
| | | 30-Jun-14 | 2014 | 2013 | | | |
| | | | Unpaid | | Average | Average | | | |
| | | Recorded | Principal | Related | Recorded | Recorded | | | |
| | | Investment | Balance | Allowance | Investment | Investment | | | |
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With no related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | | $ - | $ - | $ - | $ - | $ 3.6 | | | |
International Finance | | | 13.6 | 20.9 | - | 8.5 | 5.5 | | | |
Corporate Finance | | | 132.2 | 139.5 | - | 131.1 | 159.5 | | | |
Equipment Finance | | | 5.9 | 6.9 | - | 6.1 | 7.8 | | | |
Real Estate Finance | | | - | - | - | - | - | | | |
Commercial Services | | | 7.0 | 7.0 | - | 8.2 | 10.5 | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | | - | - | - | 5.6 | 32.1 | | | |
With an allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | | 15.1 | 15.1 | 0.7 | 15.0 | 15.8 | | | |
International Finance | | | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 0.8 | - | | | |
Corporate Finance | | | 46.0 | 47.2 | 19.3 | 48.9 | 95.4 | | | |
Equipment Finance | | | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | - | | | |
Real Estate Finance | | | - | - | - | - | - | | | |
Commercial Services | | | - | - | - | 2.0 | 4.1 | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | | | |
Total Impaired Loans(1) | | | 223.3 | 240.1 | 22.2 | 226.6 | 336.0 | | | |
Total Loans Impaired at Convenience Date(2) | | | 20.8 | 50.0 | 0.6 | 43.2 | 90.3 | | | |
Total | | | $ 244.1 | $ 290.1 | $ 22.8 | $ 269.8 | $ 426.3 | | | |
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With no related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | | $ - | $ - | $ - | $ 2.2 | | | | |
International Finance | | | 6.9 | 24.5 | - | 6.9 | | | | |
Corporate Finance | | | 136.1 | 150.1 | - | 152.8 | | | | |
Equipment Finance | | | 5.8 | 7.9 | - | 7.0 | | | | |
Commercial Services | | | 9.1 | 9.1 | - | 10.0 | | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | | 10.2 | 12.5 | - | 24.0 | | | | |
With an allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | |
Transportation Finance | | | 14.3 | 14.3 | 0.6 | 12.4 | | | | |
Corporate Finance | | | 50.6 | 51.7 | 28.8 | 79.7 | | | | |
Commercial Services | | | 4.2 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 4.6 | | | | |
Non-Strategic Portfolios | | | - | - | - | 1.0 | | | | |
Total Impaired Loans (1) | | | 237.2 | 274.3 | 30.4 | 300.6 | | | | |
Total Loans Impaired at Convenience date(2) | | | 54.1 | 95.8 | 1.0 | 77.9 | | | | |
Total | | | $ 291.3 | $ 370.1 | $ 31.4 | $ 378.5 | | | | |
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| -1 | | Interest income recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 while the loans were impaired was $6.2 million and $8.8 million, respectively, of which $0.8 million was interest recognized using the cash-basis method of accounting in both years. Interest income recorded for the year ended December 31, 2013 while the loans were impaired was $17.7 million, of which $3.5 million was interest recognized using the cash-basis method of accounting. | | | | | | | |
| -2 | | Details of finance receivables that were identified as impaired at the Convenience Date are presented under Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality. | | | | | | | |
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Impairment occurs when, based on current information and events, it is probable that CIT will be unable to collect all amounts due according to contractual terms of the agreement. The Company has established review and monitoring procedures designed to identify, as early as possible, customers that are experiencing financial difficulty. Credit risk is captured and analyzed based on the Company’s internal probability of obligor default (PD) and loss given default (LGD) ratings. A PD rating is determined by evaluating borrower credit-worthiness, including analyzing credit history, financial condition, cash flow adequacy, financial performance and management quality. An LGD rating is predicated on transaction structure, collateral valuation and related guarantees or recourse. Further, related considerations in determining probability of collection include the following: |
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| | | Instances where the primary source of payment is no longer sufficient to repay the loan in accordance with terms of the loan document; | | | | | | | |
| | | Lack of current financial data related to the borrower or guarantor; | | | | | | | |
| | | Delinquency status of the loan; | | | | | | | |
| | | Borrowers experiencing problems, such as operating losses, marginal working capital, inadequate cash flow, excessive financial leverage or business interruptions; | | | | | | | |
| | | Loans secured by collateral that is not readily marketable or that has experienced or is susceptible to deterioration in realizable value; and | | | | | | | |
| | | Loans to borrowers in industries or countries experiencing severe economic instability. | | | | | | | |
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Impairment is measured as the shortfall between estimated value and recorded investment in the finance receivable. A specific allowance or charge-off is recorded for the shortfall. In instances where the estimated value exceeds the recorded investment, no specific allowance is recorded. The estimated value is determined using fair value of collateral and other cash flows if the finance receivable is collateralized, the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the contract’s effective interest rate, or market price. In instances when the Company measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows, the change in present value is reported in the provision for credit losses. |
The following summarizes key elements of the Company’s policy regarding the determination of collateral fair value in the measurement of impairment: |
| | | “Orderly liquidation value” is the basis for collateral valuation; | | | | | | | |
| | | Appraisals are updated annually or more often as market conditions warrant; and | | | | | | | |
| | | Appraisal values are discounted in the determination of impairment if the: | | | | | | | |
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| | | | appraisal does not reflect current market conditions; or | | | | | | |
| | | | collateral consists of inventory, accounts receivable, or other forms of collateral that may become difficult to locate, collect or subject to pilferage in a liquidation. | | | | | | |
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Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality |
For purposes of this presentation, finance receivables that were identified as impaired at the Convenience Date are discussed below. The Company is applying the income recognition and disclosure guidance in ASC 310-30 (Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality) to loans considered impaired under FSA at the time of emergence. |
At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the carrying amounts approximated $20 million and $55 million, respectively, and the outstanding balance approximated $50 million and $95 million, respectively. The outstanding balance represents the sum of contractual principal, interest and fees earned at the reporting date, calculated as pre-FSA net investment plus inception to date charge-offs. The allowance for loan losses on these loans was $0.6 million and $1.0 million at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013. |
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Troubled Debt Restructurings |
The Company periodically modifies the terms of finance receivables in response to borrowers’ difficulties. Modifications that include a financial concession to the borrower are accounted for as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs). |
CIT uses a consistent methodology across all loans to determine if a modification is with a borrower that has been determined to be in financial difficulty and was granted a concession. Specifically, the Company’s policies on TDR identification include the following examples of indicators used to determine whether the borrower is in financial difficulty: |
| | | Borrower is in default with CIT or other material creditor | | | | | | | |
| | | Borrower has declared bankruptcy | | | | | | | |
| | | Growing doubt about the borrower’s ability to continue as a going concern | | | | | | | |
| | | Borrower has (or is expected to have) insufficient cash flow to service debt | | | | | | | |
| | | Borrower is de-listing securities | | | | | | | |
| | | Borrower’s inability to obtain funds from other sources | | | | | | | |
| | | Breach of financial covenants by the borrower. | | | | | | | |
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If the borrower is determined to be in financial difficulty, then CIT utilizes the following criteria to determine whether a concession has been granted to the borrower: |
| | Assets used to satisfy debt are less than CIT’s recorded investment in the receivable | | | | | | | | |
| | Modification of terms – interest rate changed to below market rate | | | | | | | | |
| | Maturity date extension at an interest rate less than market rate | | | | | | | | |
| | The borrower does not otherwise have access to funding for debt with similar risk characteristics in the market at the restructured rate and terms | | | | | | | | |
| | Capitalization of interest | | | | | | | | |
| | Increase in interest reserves | | | | | | | | |
| | Conversion of credit to Payment-In-Kind (PIK) | | | | | | | | |
| | Delaying principal and/or interest for a period of three months or more | | | | | | | | |
| | Partial forgiveness of the balance. | | | | | | | | |
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Modified loans that meet the definition of a TDR are subject to the Company’s standard impaired loan policy, namely that non-accrual loans in excess of $500,000 are individually reviewed for impairment, while non-accrual loans less than $500,000 are considered as part of homogenous pools and are included in the determination of the non-specific allowance. |
The recorded investment of TDRs at June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013 was $162.8 million and $220.9 million, of which 22% and 33%, respectively were on non-accrual. North American Commercial Finance receivables accounted for 98% of the total TDRs at June 30, 2014 and 80% at December 31, 2013, and there were $6.1 million and $7.1 million, respectively, of commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms have been modified in TDRs. |
Recorded investment related to modifications qualifying as TDRs that occurred during the quarters ended June 30, 2014 and 2013 were $2.1 million and $19.9 million, respectively, and $10.7 million and $22.3 million for the six month periods. The recorded investment of TDRs that experience a payment default (payment default is one missed payment) at the time of default, during the quarters ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification totaled $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and $0.5 million and $3.3 million for the six month periods. The June 30, 2014 defaults related to Equipment Financing and Non-Strategic Portfolios and essentially all of the June 30, 2013 defaults related to Corporate Finance. |
The financial impact of the various modification strategies that the Company employs in response to borrower difficulties is described below. While the discussion focuses on the second quarter of 2014 amounts, the overall nature and impact of modification programs were comparable in the prior year. |
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| | The nature of modifications qualifying as TDR’s based upon recorded investment at June 30, 2014 was comprised of payment deferrals for 92% and covenant relief and/or other for 8%. December 31, 2013 TDR recorded investment was comprised of payment deferrals for 88%, covenant relief and/or other for 11%, and interest rate reductions and debt forgiveness for 1%; | | | | | | | | |
| | Payment deferrals, the Company’s most common type of modification program, result in lower net present value of cash flows and increased provision for credit losses to the extent applicable. The financial impact of these modifications is not significant given the moderate length of deferral periods; | | | | | | | | |
Interest rate reductions result in lower amounts of interest being charged to the customer, but are a relatively small part of the Company’s restructuring programs. Additionally, in some instances, modifications improve the Company’s economic return through increased interest rates and fees, but are reported as TDRs due to assessments regarding the borrowers’ ability to independently obtain similar funding in the market and assessments of the relationship between modified rates and terms and comparable market rates and terms. The weighted average change in interest rates for all TDRs occurring during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 was immaterial; | | | | | | | | |
| | Debt forgiveness, or the reduction in amount owed by borrower, results in incremental provision for credit losses, in the form of higher charge-offs. While these types of modifications have the greatest individual impact on the allowance, the amounts of principal forgiveness for TDRs occurring during the quarter ended June 30, 2014 were not significant, as debt forgiveness is a relatively small component of the Company’s modification programs; and | | | | | | | | |
| | The other elements of the Company’s modification programs do not have a significant impact on financial results given their relative size, or do not have a direct financial impact, as in the case of covenant changes. | | | | | | | | |
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