UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| |
| For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2008 |
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| OR |
| |
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| |
| For the transition period from ________________ to _________________ |
Commission File Number 333-120926
SOLAR ENERTECH CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | | 98-0434357 |
State or other jurisdiction of | | (I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization | | Identification No.) |
1600 Adams Drive
Menlo Park, CA 94025
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (650) 688-5800
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
| | o | | Accelerated Filer o | |
| Non-accelerated filer | o | | Smaller reporting company x | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
Number of shares outstanding of registrant’s class of common stock as of February 9, 2009: 112,975,764
Table of Contents
SOLAR ENERTECH CORP
FORM 10-Q
| | | PAGE |
| Part I. Financial Information | | |
Item 1. | Financial Statements | | |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets – December 31, 2008 (Unaudited) and September 30, 2008 (Audited) | | 3 |
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations – Three Months Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | 4 |
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 | | 5 |
| Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | | 6 |
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | | 19 |
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks | | 25 |
Item 4T. | Controls and Procedures | | 25 |
| Part II. Other Information | | |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | | 26 |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | | 26 |
Item 2. | Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | | 26 |
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities | | 26 |
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | | 26 |
Item 5. | Other Information | | 26 |
Item 6. | Exhibits | | 26 |
Signatures | | 27 |
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Solar EnerTech Corp.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | Audited | |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,675,000 | | | $ | 3,238,000 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 327,000 | | | | 1,875,000 | |
Advance payments and other | | | 1,047,000 | | | | 3,175,000 | |
Inventories, net | | | 2,902,000 | | | | 4,886,000 | |
VAT receivable | | | 1,919,000 | | | | 2,436,000 | |
Other receivable | | | 134,000 | | | | 730,000 | |
Total current assets | | | 12,004,000 | | | | 16,340,000 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 13,176,000 | | | | 12,934,000 | |
Investment | | | 1,000,000 | | | | 1,000,000 | |
Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization | | | 1,721,000 | | | | 1,812,000 | |
Deposits | | | 167,000 | | | | 701,000 | |
Total assets | | $ | 28,068,000 | | | $ | 32,787,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 1,072,000 | | | $ | 1,771,000 | |
Customer advance payment | | | 233,000 | | | | 96,000 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 730,000 | | | | 910,000 | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, related parties | | | 5,512,000 | | | | 5,450,000 | |
Derivative liabilities | | | 491,000 | | | | 980,000 | |
Warrant liabilities | | | 1,768,000 | | | | 3,412,000 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 9,806,000 | | | | 12,619,000 | |
Convertible notes, net of discount | | | 354,000 | | | | 85,000 | |
Total liabilities | | | 10,160,000 | | | | 12,704,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock - 400,000,000 shares authorized at $0.001 par value 112,624,550 | | | | | | | | |
and 112,052,012 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 and | | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2008, respectively | | | 113,000 | | | | 112,000 | |
Additional paid in capital | | | 73,291,000 | | | | 71,627,000 | |
Other comprehensive income | | | 2,446,000 | | | | 2,485,000 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (57,942,000 | ) | | | (54,141,000 | ) |
Total stockholders' equity | | | 17,908,000 | | | | 20,083,000 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | $ | 28,068,000 | | | $ | 32,787,000 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Solar EnerTech Corp.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
| | Quarter Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 5,084,000 | | | $ | 4,839,000 | |
Cost of sales | | | (7,420,000 | ) | | | (5,305,000 | ) |
Gross loss | | | (2,336,000 | ) | | | (466,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Selling, general & administrative | | | 2,561,000 | | | | 3,885,000 | |
Research & development | | | 335,000 | | | | 97,000 | |
Loss on debt extinguishment | | | 310,000 | | | | 362,000 | |
Total operating expenses | | | 3,206,000 | | | | 4,344,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (5,542,000 | ) | | | (4,810,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Other income (expense): | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 7,000 | | | | 10,000 | |
Interest expense | | | (365,000 | ) | | | (278,000 | ) |
Gain on change in fair market value of compound embedded derivative | | | 475,000 | | | | 1,099,000 | |
Gain on change in fair market value of warrant liability | | | 1,644,000 | | | | 115,000 | |
Other expense | | | (20,000 | ) | | | (38,000 | ) |
Net loss | | $ | (3,801,000 | ) | | $ | (3,902,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss per share - basic | | $ | (0.04 | ) | | $ | (0.05 | ) |
Net loss per share - diluted | | $ | (0.04 | ) | | $ | (0.05 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic | | | 87,043,800 | | | | 79,168,174 | |
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted | | | 87,043,800 | | | | 79,168,174 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
Solar EnerTech Corp.
Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
| | Quarter Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (3,801,000 | ) | | $ | (3,902,000 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation of fixed assets | | | 526,000 | | | | 320,000 | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 1,519,000 | | | | 2,446,000 | |
Loss on debt extinguishment | | | 310,000 | | | | 362,000 | |
Amortization of note discount and deferred financing cost | | | 182,000 | | | | 9,000 | |
Gain on change in fair market value of compound embedded derivative | | | (475,000 | ) | | | (1,099,000 | ) |
Gain on change in fair market value of warrant liability | | | (1,644,000 | ) | | | (115,000 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 1,545,000 | | | | (900,000 | ) |
Advance payments and other | | | 2,123,000 | | | | 1,469,000 | |
Inventories, net | | | 1,974,000 | | | | 958,000 | |
VAT receivable | | | 511,000 | | | | (45,000 | ) |
Other receivable | | | 595,000 | | | | 39,000 | |
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and customer advance payment | | | (735,000 | ) | | | (333,000 | ) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, related parties | | | 62,000 | | | | - | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | 2,692,000 | | | | (791,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of property and equipment | | | (264,000 | ) | | | (1,682,000 | ) |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (264,000 | ) | | | (1,682,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents | | | 9,000 | | | | 469,000 | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 2,437,000 | | | | (2,004,000 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | | | 3,238,000 | | | | 3,908,000 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | | $ | 5,675,000 | | | $ | 1,904,000 | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
SOLAR ENERTECH CORP.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2008 (Unaudited)
NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
Solar EnerTech Corp. was originally incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 7, 2004 as Safer Residence Corporation and was reincorporated to the State of Delaware on August 13, 2008 (“Solar EnerTech” or the “Company”). The Company engaged in a variety of businesses until March 2006, when the Company began its current operations as a photovoltaic (“PV”) solar energy cell (“PV Cell”) manufacturer. The Company’s management decided that, to facilitate a change in business that was focused on the PV Cell industry, it was appropriate to change the Company’s name. A plan of merger between Safer Residence Corporation and Solar EnerTech Corp., a wholly-owned inactive subsidiary of Safer Residence Corporation, was approved on March 27, 2006, under which the Company was to be renamed “Solar EnerTech Corp.” On April 7, 2006, the Company changed its name to Solar EnerTech Corp.
The Company’s management in February 2008 decided that it was in the Company’s and its shareholders best interests to change the Company’s state of domicile from Nevada to Delaware (the “Reincorporation”). On August 13, 2008, the Company, a Nevada entity at the time, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Solar EnerTech Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Nevada entity, (the “Delaware Subsidiary”), whereby the Nevada entity merged with and into the Delaware Subsidiary in order to effect the Reincorporation. After the Reincorporation, the Nevada entity ceased to exist and the Company survived as a Delaware entity.
The Reincorporation was duly approved by both the Company’s Board of Directors and a majority of the Company’s stockholders at its annual meeting of stockholders held on May 5, 2008. On August 13, 2008, the Reincorporation was completed. The Reincorporation into Delaware did not result in any change to the Company’s business, management, employees, directors, capitalization, assets or liabilities.
NOTE 2 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of consolidation and basis of accounting
Prior to August 19, 2008, the Company operated its business in the People’s Republic of China through Infotech Hong Kong New Energy Technologies, Limited (“Infotech HK”) and Solar EnerTech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd (“Infotech Shanghai,” and together with Infotech HK, “Infotech”). While the Company did not own Infotech, the Company’s financial statements have included the results of the financials of each of Infotech HK and Infotech Shanghai since these entities were wholly-controlled variable interest entities of the Company through an Agency Agreement dated April 10, 2006 by and between the Company and Infotech (the “Agency Agreement”). Under the Agency Agreement the Company engaged Infotech to undertake all activities necessary to build a solar technology business in China, including the acquisition of manufacturing facilities and equipment, employees and inventory. The Agency Agreement continued through April 10, 2008 and then on a month to month basis thereafter until August 19, 2008.
To permanently consolidate Infotech with the Company through legal ownership, the Company acquired Infotech at a nominal amount on August 19, 2008 through a series of agreements (the “Acquisition”). In connection with executing these agreements, the Company terminated the original agency relationship with Infotech.
The Company had previously consolidated the financial statements of Infotech with its financial statements pursuant to FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) due to the agency relationship between the Company and Infotech, notwithstanding the termination of the Agency Agreement, the Company continues to consolidate the financial statements of Infotech with its financial statements since Infotech became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company as a result of the acquisition.
The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Solar EnerTech Corp. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in U.S. dollars and in accordance with the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with the United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are defined as cash on hand, demand deposits and short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash within ninety days of deposit.
Currency and foreign exchange
The Company’s functional currency is the Renminbi as substantially all of our operations are in China. The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar.
Transactions and balances originally denominated in U.S. dollars are presented at their original amounts. Transactions and balances in other currencies are converted into U.S. dollars in accordance with SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation, and are included in determining net income or loss.
For foreign operations with the local currency as the functional currency, assets and liabilities are translated from the local currencies into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at weighted average exchange rates for the period to approximate translation at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates those elements are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency consolidated financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive loss.
Property and equipment
Our property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight — line method over the related estimated useful lives, as follows:
| | Useful Life (Years) |
Office equipment | | 3 to 5 |
Machinery | | 10 |
Production equipment | | 5 |
Automobiles | | 5 |
Furniture | | 5 |
Leasehold improvement | | the shorter of the lease term or 5 years |
Expenditures for maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the related assets are expensed to operations. Major repairs that improve or extend the lives of the related assets are capitalized.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by the weighted-average method. Raw material cost is based on purchase costs while work-in-progress and finished goods are comprised of direct materials, direct labor and an allocation of manufacturing overhead costs. Inventory in-transit is included in finished goods and consists of products shipped but not recognized as revenue because it does not meet the revenue recognition criteria. Provisions are made for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventory as well as inventory whose carrying value is in excess of net realizable value.
Warranty cost
The Company provides product warranties and accrues for estimated future warranty costs in the period in which the revenue is recognized. Our standard solar modules are typically sold with a two-year warranty for defects in materials and workmanship and a 10-year and 25-year warranty against declines of more than 10.0% and 20.0%, respectively, of the initial minimum power generation capacity at the time of delivery. The Company therefore maintains warranty reserves to cover potential liabilities that could arise from our warranty obligations and accrues the estimated costs of warranties based primarily on management’s best estimate. The Company has not experienced any material warranty claims to date in connection with declines of the power generation capacity of its solar modules and will prospectively revise its actual rate to the extent that actual warranty costs differ from the estimates. The Company’s warranty costs for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 were immaterial.
Impairment of long lived assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets and identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When such factors and circumstances exist, management compares the projected undiscounted future cash flows associated with the future use and disposal of the related asset or group of assets to their respective carrying amounts. Impairment, if any, is measured as the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value, based on market value when available, or discounted expected cash flows, of those assets and is recorded in the period in which the determination is made. As of December 31, 2008, management expects those assets related to its continuing operations to be fully recoverable.
Investments
Investments in an entity where the Company owns less than twenty percent of the voting stock of the entity and does not exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies of the entity are accounted for using the cost method. Investments in the entity where the Company owns twenty percent or more but not in excess of fifty percent of the voting stock of the entity or less than twenty percent and exercises significant influence over operating and financial policies of the entity are accounted for using the equity method. The Company has a policy in place to review its investments at least annually, to evaluate the carrying value of the investments in these companies. The fair value of a cost method investment is not estimated if there are no identified events or changes in circumstance that may have a significant adverse affect on the fair value of the investment. If the Company believes that the carrying value of an investment is in excess of estimated fair value, it is the Company’s policy to record an impairment charge to adjust the carrying value to the estimated fair value, if the impairment is considered other-than-temporary.
On August 21, 2008 the Company entered into an equity purchase agreement in which it acquired two million shares of common stock of 21-Century Silicon, Inc., a polysilicon manufacturer based in Dallas, Texas (“21-Century Silicon”) for $1.0 million cash. The two million shares acquired by the Company constitute approximately 7.8% of 21-Century Silicon’s outstanding equity.
As of December 31, 2008, the Company accounted for the investment in 21-Century Silicon companies at cost amounting to $1.0 million.
Income taxes
The Company files federal and state income tax returns in the United States for its United States operations, and files separate foreign tax returns for its foreign subsidiary in the jurisdictions in which this entity operates. The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS 109”).
Under the provisions of SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between their financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
Valuation allowance
Significant judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all available evidence including past operating results, estimates of future taxable income, and the feasibility of tax planning strategies. In the event that the Company change its determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Effective on October 1, 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority based solely on the technical merits of the associated tax position. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. The Company also elected the accounting policy that requires interest and penalties to be recognized as a component of tax expense. The Company classifies the unrecognized tax benefits that are expected to result in payment or receipt of cash within one year as current liabilities, otherwise, the unrecognized tax benefits will be classified as non-current liabilities. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition.
Derivative financial instruments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended (“SFAS 133”), requires all derivatives to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. These derivatives, including embedded derivatives in our structured borrowings, are separately valued and accounted for on the balance sheet. Fair values for exchange-traded securities and derivatives are based on quoted market prices. Where market prices are not readily available, fair values are determined using market based pricing models incorporating readily observable market data and requiring judgment and estimates.
In September 2000, the Emerging Issues Task Force issued EITF 00-19, “Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” (“EITF 00-19”), which requires freestanding contracts that are settled in a company’s own stock, including common stock warrants, to be designated as an equity instrument, an asset or a liability. Under the provisions of EITF 00-19, a contract designated as an asset or a liability must be carried at fair value on a company’s balance sheet, with any changes in fair value recorded in the company’s results of operations.
The Company’s management used market-based pricing models to determine the fair values of the Company’s derivatives. The model uses market-sourced inputs such as interest rates, exchange rates and option volatilities. Selection of these inputs involves management’s judgment and may impact net income.
The method used to estimate the value of the compound embedded derivatives (“CED”) as of each valuation date was a Monte Carlo simulation. Under this method the various features, restrictions, obligations and option related to each component of the CED were analyzed and spreadsheet models of the net expected proceeds resulting from exercise of the CED (or non-exercise) were created. Each model is expressed in terms of the expected timing of the event and the expected stock price as of that expected timing.
Because the potential timing and stock price may vary over a range of possible values, a Monte Carlo simulation was built based on the possible stock price paths (i.e., daily expected stock price over a forecast period). Under this approach an individual potential stock price path is simulated based on the initial stock price on the measurement date, and the expected volatility and risk free interest rate over the forecast period. Each path is compared against the logic describe above for potential exercise events and the present value (or non-exercise which result in $0 value) recorded. This is repeated over a significant number of trials, or individual stock price paths, in order to generate an expected or mean value for the present value of the CED.
Fair Value of Warrants
The Company’s management used the binomial valuation model to value the warrants issued in conjunction with convertible notes entered into in March 2007. The model uses inputs such as implied term, suboptimal exercise factor, volatility, dividend yield and risk free interest rate. Selection of these inputs involves management’s judgment and may impact estimated value. Management selected the binomial model to value these warrants as opposed to the Black-Scholes model primarily because management believes the binomial model produces a more reliable value for these instruments because it uses an additional valuation input factor, the suboptimal exercise factor, which accounts for expected holder exercise behavior which management believes is a reasonable assumption with respect to the holders of these warrants.
Stock-Based Compensation
On January 1, 2006, Solar EnerTech began recording compensation expense associated with stock options and other forms of employee equity compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, as interpreted by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107.
The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula and a single option award approach. This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period. The following assumptions are used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model:
Expected Term — The Company’s expected term represents the period that the Company’s stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding.
Expected Volatility — The Company’s expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock, adjusted where determined by management for unusual and non-representative stock price activity not expected to recur. Due to the limited trading history, the Company also considered volatility data of guidance companies.
Expected Dividend — The Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model calls for a single expected dividend yield as an input. The Company currently pays no dividends and does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
Risk-Free Interest Rate — The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.
Estimated Forfeitures — When estimating forfeitures, the Company takes into consideration the historical option forfeitures over the expected term.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenues from product sales in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition, which states that revenue is realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. Where a revenue transaction does not meet any of these criteria it is deferred and recognized once all such criteria have been met. In instances where final acceptance of the product, system, or solution is specified by the customer, revenue is deferred until all acceptance criteria have been met.
On a transaction by transaction basis, the Company determines if the revenue should be recorded on a gross or net basis based on criteria discussed in EITF99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent (“EITF99-19”). The Company consider the following factors when we determine the gross versus net presentation: if the Company (i) acts as principal in the transaction; (ii) takes title to the products; (iii) has risks and rewards of ownership, such as the risk of loss for collection, delivery or return; and (iv) acts as an agent or broker (including performing services, in substance, as an agent or broker) with compensation on a commission or fee basis.
Research and Development Cost
Expenditures for research activities relating to product development are charged to expense as incurred.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the prior year consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported results of operations.
Segment Information
The Company identifies its operating segments based on its business activities and geographical locations. The Company operates within a single operating segment - the manufacture of solar energy cells and modules. The Company operates in the United States and in China. Most of the Company’s business operations are conducted in China and a majority of the Company’s fixed assets are located in China.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157 (“SFAS 157”), “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS 157 defines fair value to measure assets and liabilities, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires additional disclosures about the use of fair value. SFAS 157 is applicable whenever another accounting pronouncement requires or permits assets and liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS 157 does not expand or require any new fair value measures. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company adopted this statement for financial assets and financial liabilities effective October 1, 2008, which had no material impact on the Company’s financial and results of operations.
SFAS 157 defines fair value and establishes a hierarchal framework which prioritizes and ranks the market price observability used in fair value measurements. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of asset or liability and the characteristics specific to the asset or liability being measured. Assets and liabilities with readily available, active, quoted market prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally are deemed to have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. Under SFAS 157, the inputs used to measure fair value must be classified into one of three levels as follows:
Level 1 - | Quoted prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities; |
Level 2 - | Observable inputs other than Level 1, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, and model-derived prices whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and |
Level 3 - | Assets and liabilities whose significant value drivers are unobservable. |
Observable inputs are based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs are based on the Company’s market assumptions. Unobservable inputs require significant management judgment or estimation. In some cases, the inputs used to measure an asset or liability may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those instances, the fair value measurement is required to be classified using the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Such determination requires significant management judgment.
The Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following types of instruments as of December 31, 2008:
| | Fair Value at December 31, 2008 | | | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets | | | Significant other observable inputs | | | Significant unobservable inputs | |
| | | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilites | | $ | 491,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | $ | 491,000 | |
Warrant liabilities | | | 1,768,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,768,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | $ | 2,259,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | $ | 2,259,000 | |
The Company’s valuation techniques used to measure the fair values of the derivative liabilities and warrant liabilities were derived from management assumption or estimation and are discussed in Note 7 – Convertible Notes.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159 (“SFAS 159”), “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” SFAS No. 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The standard establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company did not elect to report any of its financial assets or liabilities at fair value, and as a result, the adoption of SFAS No. 159 had no material impact on its financial and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised) (“SFAS 141(R)”), “Business Combinations.” The standard changes the accounting for business combinations, including the measurement of acquirer shares issued in consideration for a business combination, the recognition of contingent consideration, the accounting for pre-acquisition gain and loss contingencies, the recognition of capitalized in-process research and development, the accounting for acquisition-related restructuring cost accruals, the treatment of acquisition related transaction costs, and the recognition of changes in the acquirer’s income tax valuation allowance. SFAS 141(R) is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Thus, SFAS 141(R) will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2009, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the implementation of Statement 141(R) on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160 (“SFAS 160”), “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.” The standard changes the accounting for non-controlling (minority) interests in consolidated financial statements, including the requirements to classify non-controlling interests as a component of consolidated stockholders’ equity, and the elimination of “minority interest” accounting in results of operations with earnings attributable to non-controlling interests reported as part of consolidated earnings. Additionally, SFAS 160 revises the accounting for both increases and decreases in a parent’s controlling ownership interest. SFAS 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Thus, SFAS 160 will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2009, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the implementation of SFAS 160 on its financial position and results of operations.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161 (“SFAS 161”), “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS 161 requires additional disclosures related to the use of derivative instruments, the accounting for derivatives and how derivatives impact financial statements. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Thus, the Company is required to adopt this standard on January 1, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 161 on its financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162 (“SFAS 162”), “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States (the GAAP hierarchy). This Statement is effective for financial statements issued 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 162 on its financial position and results of operations.
NOTE 3 — INVENTORIES
At December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, inventories consist of:
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
Raw materials | | $ | 859,000 | | | $ | 2,111,000 | |
Work in process | | | 96,000 | | | | 145,000 | |
Finished goods | | | 1,947,000 | | | | 2,630,000 | |
Total inventories | | $ | 2,902,000 | | | $ | 4,886,000 | |
NOTE 4 — ADVANCE PAYMENTS AND OTHER
At December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, advance payments and other consist of:
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
Prepayment for raw materials | | $ | 779,000 | | | $ | 2,959,000 | |
Other | | | 268,000 | | | | 216,000 | |
Total advance payments and other | | $ | 1,047,000 | | | $ | 3,175,000 | |
NOTE 5 — FIXED ASSETS
At December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, fixed assets consist of:
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
Production equipment | | $ | 7,352,000 | | | $ | 5,564,000 | |
Leasehold improvement | | | 3,549,000 | | | | 3,201,000 | |
Automobiles | | | 541,000 | | | | 542,000 | |
Office equipment | | | 341,000 | | | | 339,000 | |
Machinery | | | 2,714,000 | | | | 2,170,000 | |
Furniture | | | 39,000 | | | | 39,000 | |
Construction in progress | | | 997,000 | | | | 2,915,000 | |
Total Fixed Assets | | | 15,533,000 | | | | 14,770,000 | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | | | (2,357,000 | ) | | | (1,836,000 | ) |
Net Fixed Assets | | $ | 13,176,000 | | | $ | 12,934,000 | |
NOTE 6 — INCOME TAX
The Company has no taxable income and no provision for federal and state income taxes is required for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, except certain minimum taxes.
The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 109 (“SFAS 109”), “Accounting for Income Taxes”. SFAS 109 requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements, but have not been reflected in the Company’s taxable income. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value. Therefore, the Company provides a valuation allowance to the extent that the Company does not believe it is more likely than not that the Company will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the benefit of the Company’s deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the deferred tax asset was subject to a 100% valuation allowance and therefore is not recorded on the Company’s balance sheet as an asset.
Utilization of the net operating loss carry forwards and credits may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses and credits before utilization. The Company also has net operating losses in its foreign jurisdiction and that loss can be carried over 5 years from the year the loss was incurred.
The Company is subject to taxation in the US and various states and foreign jurisdictions. There are no ongoing examinations by taxing authorities at this time. The Company’s tax years starting from 2006 to 2007 remain open in various tax jurisdictions. The Company does not anticipate any significant change within the next 12 months of its uncertain tax positions.
NOTE 7 — CONVERTIBLE NOTES
On March 7, 2007, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement to issue $17,300,000 of secured convertible notes (the “notes”) and detachable stock purchase warrants (the “warrants”). Accordingly, during the three months ended March 31, 2007, the Company sold units consisting of:
| • | $5,000,000 in principal amount of Series A Convertible Notes and warrants to purchase 7,246,377 shares (exercise price of $1.21 per share) of its common stock; |
| • | $3,300,000 in principal amount of Series B Convertible Notes and warrants to purchase 5,789,474 shares (exercise price of $0.90 per share) of its common stock; and |
| • | $9,000,000 in principal amount of Series B Convertible Notes and warrants to purchase 15,789,474 shares (exercise price of $0.90 per share) of its common stock. |
These notes bear interest at 6% per annum and are due in 2010. The principal amount of the Series A Convertible Notes may be converted at the initial rate of $0.69 per share for a total of 7,246,377 shares of common stock (which amount does not include shares of common stock that may be issued for the payment of interest). The principal amount of the Series B Convertible Notes may be converted at the initial rate of $0.57 per share for a total of 21,578,948 shares of common stock (which amount does not include shares of common stock that may be issued for the payment of interest).
In connection with the issuance of the notes and warrants, the Company engaged an exclusive advisor and placement agent (the “advisor”) and issued warrants to the advisor to purchase an aggregate of 1,510,528 shares at an exercise price of $0.57 per share and 507,247 shares at an exercise price of $0.69 per share, of the Company’s common stock (the “advisor warrants”). In addition to the issuance of the warrants, the Company paid $1,038,000 in commissions, an advisory fee of $173,000, and other fees and expenses of $84,025.
The Company evaluated the notes for derivative accounting considerations under SFAS 133 and EITF 00-19 and determined that the notes contain two embedded derivative features, the conversion option and a redemption privilege accruing to the holder if certain conditions exist (the “compound embedded derivative”). The compound embedded derivative is measured at fair value both initially and in subsequent periods. Changes in fair value of the compound embedded derivative are recorded in the account “gain (loss) on fair market value of compound embedded derivative” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The warrants (including the advisor warrants) are classified as a liability, as required by SFAS No. 150 (“SFAS 150”), “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”, due to the terms of the warrant agreement which contains a cash redemption provision in the event of a fundamental transaction. The warrants are measured at fair value both initially and in subsequent periods. Changes in fair value of the warrants are recorded in the account “gain (loss) on fair market value of warrant liability” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The following table summarizes the valuation of the notes, the warrants (including the advisor warrants), and the compound embedded derivative:
| | Amount | |
Proceeds of convertible notes | | $ | 17,300,000 | |
Allocation of proceeds: | | | | |
Fair value of warrant liability (excluding advisor warrants) | | | (15,909,000 | ) |
Fair value of compound embedded derivative liability | | | (16,600,000 | ) |
Loss on issuance of convertible notes | | | 15,209,000 | |
Carrying amount of notes at grant date | | $ | - | |
| | | | |
Carrying amount of notes at September 30, 2007 | | $ | 7,000 | |
Amortization of note discount and conversion effect | | | 78,000 | |
Carrying amount of notes at September 30, 2008 | | | 85,000 | |
Amortization of note discount and conversion effect | | | 269,000 | |
Carrying amount of notes at December 31, 2008 | | $ | 354,000 | |
| | | | |
Fair value of warrant liability at September 30, 2007 | | $ | 17,390,000 | |
Gain on fair market value of warrant liability | | | (13,978,000 | ) |
Fair value of warrant liability at September 30, 2008 | | | 3,412,000 | |
Gain on fair market value of warrant liability | | | (1,644,000 | ) |
Fair value of warrant liability at December 31, 2008 | | $ | 1,768,000 | |
| | | | |
Fair value of compound embedded derivative at September 30, 2007 | | $ | 16,800,000 | |
Gain on fair market value of embedded derivative liability | | | (13,767,000 | ) |
Conversion of Series A and B Notes | | | (2,053,000 | ) |
Fair value of compound embedded derivative at September 30, 2008 | | | 980,000 | |
Gain on fair market value of embedded derivative liability | | | (475,000 | ) |
Conversion of Series A and B Notes | | | (14,000 | ) |
Fair value of compound embedded derivative at December 31, 2008 | | $ | 491,000 | |
The value of the warrants (including the advisor warrants) was estimated using a binomial valuation model with the following assumptions:
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
Implied term (years) | | | 3.18 | | | | 3.43 | |
Suboptimal exercise factor | | | 2.5 | | | | 2.5 | |
Volatility | | | 112 | % | | | 84 | % |
Dividend yield | | | 0 | % | | | 0 | % |
Risk free interest rate | | | 1.10 | % | | | 2.58 | % |
In conjunction with March 2007 financing, we recorded total deferred financing cost of $2.5 million, of which $1.3 million represented cash payment and $1.2 million represented the fair market value of the advisor warrants. The deferred financing cost is amortized over the three year life of the notes using a method that approximates the effective interest rate method. The advisor warrants were recorded as a liability and adjusted to fair value in each subsequent period. As of December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, total unamortized deferred financing cost was $1.7 million and $1.8 million, respectively.
The method used to estimate the value of the compound embedded derivatives (“CED”) as of each valuation date was a Monte Carlo simulation. Under this method the various features, restrictions, obligations and option related to each component of the CED were analyzed and spreadsheet models of the net expected proceeds resulting from exercise of the CED (or non-exercise) were created. Each model is expressed in terms of the expected timing of the event and the expected stock price as of that expected timing.
Because the potential timing and stock price may vary over a range of possible values, a Monte Carlo simulation was built based on the possible stock price paths (i.e., daily expected stock price over a forecast period). Under this approach an individual potential stock price path is simulated based on the initial stock price at the measurement date, the expected volatility and risk free rate over the forecast period. Each path is compared against the logic describe above for potential exercise events and the present value (or non-exercise which result in $0 value) recorded. This is repeated over a significant number of trials, or individual stock price paths, in order to generate an expected or mean value for the present value of the CED.
The significant assumptions used in estimating stock price paths as of each valuation date are:
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | |
Starting stock price (closing price on valuation date) | | $ | 0.20 | | | $ | 0.40 | |
Annual volatility of stock | | | 111.90 | % | | | 84.20 | % |
Risk free rate | | | 0.37 | % | | | 1.89 | % |
Additional assumptions were made regarding the probability of occurrence of each exercise scenario, based on stock price ranges (based on the assumption that scenario probability is constant over narrow ranges of stock price). The key scenarios included public offering, bankruptcy and other defaults.
During the three months ended December 31, 2008, $350,000 of Series A and B convertible notes were converted into our common shares. We recorded a loss on debt extinguishment of $310,000 as a result of the conversion based on the quoted market closing price of our common shares on the conversion dates.
During the three months ended December 31, 2007, $947,000 of Series A convertible note was converted into our common shares. We recorded a loss on debt extinguishment of $736,000 as a result of the conversion based on the quoted market closing price of our common share on the conversion dates. The $736,000 loss on debt extinguishment is offset by a gain on debt extinguishment in the amount of $374,000 (see Note 8 below). The net amount of $362,000 loss on debt extinguishment is included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The loss on debt extinguishment is computed at the conversion dates as follow:
| | Quarter Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Fair value of the common shares | | $ | 146,000 | | | $ | 1,299,000 | |
Unamortized deferred financing costs associated with the converted notes | | | 68,000 | | | | 139,000 | |
Fair value of the CED liability associated with the converted notes | | | (14,000 | ) | | | (701,000 | ) |
Accreted amount of the notes discount | | | 110,000 | | | | (1,000 | ) |
Loss on debt extinguishment | | $ | 310,000 | | | $ | 736,000 | |
NOTE 8 — EQUITY TRANSACTIONS
Common stock issued for repayment of loans
During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, the Company was informed by Thimble Capital that it had assigned the note payable of $100,000 due from us to Coach Capital LLC. The Company was also informed by Infotech Essentials Ltd. that it had assigned the note payable of $450,000 due from us to Coach Capital LLC.
On December 20, 2007, we entered into a settlement agreement with Coach Capital LLC to settle all outstanding notes payable in the amount of $1.2 million and related interest in exchange for the issuance of the Company’s common stock. The share price stated in the settlement agreement was $1.20 per share. The Company’s shares of common stock were valued at $0.84 per share, the closing price, on December 20, 2007. As a result, the Company recorded a gain on extinguishment of debt of $0.4 million.
Warrants
During March 2007, in conjunction with the issuance of $17,300,000 in convertible debt, the board of directors approved the issuance of warrants (as described in Note 7 above) to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The 7,246,377 series A warrants and the 21,578,948 series B warrants are exercisable at $1.21 and $0.90, respectively and expire in March 2012. In addition, in March 2007, as additional compensation for services as placement agent for the convertible debt offering, the Company issued the advisor warrants, which entitle the placement agent to purchase 507,247 and 1,510,528 shares of the Company’s common stock at exercise prices of $0.69 and $0.57 per share, respectively. The advisor warrants expire in March 2012.
The warrants (including the advisor warrants) are classified as a liability in accordance with SFAS No. 150, as interpreted by FASB Staff Position 150-1 “Issuer’s Accounting for Freestanding Financial Instruments Composed of More Than One Option or Forward Contract Embodying Obligations under FASB Statement No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”, due to the terms of the warrant agreements which contain cash redemption provisions in the event of a fundamental transaction, which provide that the Company would repurchase any unexercised portion of the warrants at the date of the occurrence of the fundamental transaction for the value as determined by the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. As a result, the warrants are measured at fair value both initially and in subsequent periods. Changes in fair value of the warrants are recorded in the account “gain (loss) on fair market value of warrant liability” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
On January 11, 2008, the Company sold 24,318,181 shares of its common stock and 24,318,181 Series C warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock for an aggregate purchase price of $21.4 million in a private placement offering to accredited investors. The exercise price of the warrants is $1.00 per share. The warrants are exercisable for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance of the warrants.
For the services in connection with this closing, the placement agent and the selected dealer, Knight Capital Markets, LLC and Ardour Capital Investments, received an aggregate of a 6.0% cash commission, a 1.0% advisory fee and warrants to purchase 1,215,909 shares of common stock at $0.88 per share, exercisable for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance of the warrants. The net proceeds from issuing common stocks and Series C warrants in January 2008 after all the financing costs were $19.9 million and were recorded in additional paid in capital and common stock. Neither the shares of common stock nor the shares of common stock underlying the warrants sold in this offering were granted registration rights. Additionally, in connection with the offering all of our Series A and Series B warrant holders waived their full ratchet anti-dilution and price protection rights previously granted to them in connection with our March 2007 convertible note and warrant financing.
A summary of warrant activities through December 31, 2008 is as follows:
| | Number of Shares | | Exercise Price ($) | | Recognized as |
Granted in connection with convertible notes — Series A | | 7,246,377 | | 1.21 | | Discount to notes payable |
Granted in connection with convertible notes — Series B | | 21,578,948 | | 0.90 | | Discount to notes payable |
Granted in connection with placement service | | 507,247 | | 0.69 | | Deferred financing cost |
Granted in connection with placement service | | 1,510,528 | | 0.57 | | Deferred financing cost |
Granted in connection with common stock purchase — Series C | | 24,318,181 | | 1.00 | | Additional paid in capital |
Granted in connection with placement service | | 1,215,909 | | 0.88 | | Additional paid in capital |
Outstanding at December 31, 2008 | | 56,377,190 | | | | |
At December 31, 2008, the range of warrant prices for shares under warrants and the weighted-average remaining contractual life is as follows:
Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable |
| | | Weighted- |
| | Weighted- | Average |
Range of | | Average | Remaining |
Warrant | Number of | Exercise | Contractual |
Exercise Price | Warrants | Price | Life |
| | | |
$0.57-$0.69 | 2,017,775 | $0.60 | 3.21 |
$0.88-$1.00 | 47,113,038 | $0.95 | 3.66 |
$1.21 | 7,246,377 | $1.21 | 3.18 |
Restricted Stock
On August 19, 2008, Mr. Leo Young, our Chief Executive Officer, entered into a Stock Option Cancellation and Share Contribution Agreement with Jean Blanchard, a former officer, to provide for (i) the cancellation of a stock option agreement by and between Mr. Young and Ms. Blanchard dated on or about March 1, 2006 and (ii) the contribution to the Company by Ms. Blanchard of the remaining 25,250,000 shares of common stock underlying the cancelled option agreement.
On the same day, an Independent Committee of the Company’s Board adopted the 2008 Restricted Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”) providing for the issuance of 25,250,000 shares of restricted common stock to be granted to the Company’s employees pursuant to forms of restricted stock agreements.
The 2008 Plan provides for the issuance of a maximum of 25,250,000 shares of restricted stock in connection with awards under the 2008 Plan. The 2008 Plan is administered by the Company’s Compensation Committee, a subcommittee of our Board of Directors, and has a term of 10 years. Restricted stock vest over a three year period and unvested restricted stock are forfeited and cancelled as of the date that employment terminates. Participation is limited to employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries and other affiliates. During any period in which shares acquired pursuant to the 2008 Plan remain subject to vesting conditions, the participant shall have all of the rights of a stockholder of the Company holding shares of stock, including the right to vote such shares and to receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to such shares. If a participant terminates his or her service for any reason (other than death or disability), or the participant’s service is terminated by the Company for cause, then the participant shall forfeit to the Company any shares acquired by the participant which remain subject to vesting Conditions as of the date of the participant’s termination of service. If a participant’s service is terminated by the Company without cause, or due to the death or disability of the participant, then the vesting of any restricted stock award shall be accelerated in full as of the effective date of the participant’s termination of service.
The total unvested restricted stock and weighted average grant date fair value of the restricted stock as of December 31, 2008 were 25,250,000 shares and $0.62 per share, respectively. There were no changes during the three months ended December 31, 2008.
Stock-based compensation cost for restricted stock for the three months ended December 31, 2008 was $1.3 million. As of December 31, 2008, the total unrecognized compensation cost net of forfeitures relate to unvested awards not yet recognized is $13.8 million and is expected to be amortized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.
Options
Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Plan
In September 2007, the Company adopted the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) that allows the Company to grant non-statutory stock options to employees, consultants and directors. A total of 10 million shares of the Company’s common stock are authorized for issuance under the 2007 Plan. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2007 Plan will be increased for any options granted that expire, are terminated or repurchased by the Company for an amount not greater than the holder’s purchase price and may also be adjusted subject to action by the stockholders for changes in capital structure. Stock options may have exercise prices of not less than 100% of the fair value of a share of stock at the effective date of the grant of the option.
On February 5, 2008, the Board of Directors of Solar EnerTech Nevada adopted the Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Amended 2007 Plan”), which increases the number of shares authorized for issuance from 10 million to 15 million shares of common stock and was to be effective upon approval of the Company’s stockholders and upon the Company’s reincorporation into the State of Delaware.
On May 5, 2008, at the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the Company’s stockholders approved the Amended 2007 Plan. On August 13, 2008, the Company reincorporated into the State of Delaware. As of December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, 9,009,166 and 7,339,375 shares of common stock, respectively remain available for future grants under the Amended 2007 Plan.
These options vest over various periods up to four years and expire no more than ten years from the date of grant. A summary of activity under the Amended 2007 Plan is as follows:
| | Shares Available For Grant | | | Number of Shares | | | Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share | |
Balance at September 30, 2007 | | | 2,700,000 | | | | 7,300,000 | | | $ | 0.66 | | | $ | 1.20 | |
Additional shares reserved | | | 5,000,000 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Options granted | | | (870,000 | ) | | | 870,000 | | | $ | 0.37 | | | $ | 0.61 | |
Options cancelled | | | 509,375 | | | | (509,375 | ) | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 0.85 | |
Balance at September 30, 2008 | | | 7,339,375 | | | | 7,660,625 | | | $ | 0.39 | | | $ | 0.62 | |
Options cancelled | | | 1,669,791 | | | | (1,669,791 | ) | | $ | 0.41 | | | $ | 0.62 | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | | 9,009,166 | | | | 5,990,834 | | | $ | 0.38 | | | $ | 0.62 | |
The total fair value of shares vested during the three months ended December 31, 2008 was $157,000.
At December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, 5,990,834 and 7,660,625 options were outstanding, respectively and had a weighted-average remaining contractual life of 8.78 years and 9.03 years, respectively. The weighted average exercise price for outstanding options at December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008 was $0.62. Of these options, 3,808,757 and 3,477,506 shares were vested and exercisable on December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, respectively. The weighted-average exercise price and weighted-average remaining contractual term of options currently exercisable were $0.62 and 8.78 years, respectively.
The fair values of employee stock options granted during the three months ended December 31, 2007 were estimated to be between $0.41 and $0.72 per share on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
• Risk-free interest rates ranging from 4% to 4.13%
• Expected lives ranging between 1 and 3.5 years
• Market value per share of stock on measurement date of $1.20 and $1.65.
There were no stock options granted during the three months ended December 31, 2008.
On May 9, 2008, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repricing of all outstanding options issued to current employees, directors, officers and consultants prior to February 5, 2008 under the 2007 Plan to $0.62, determined in accordance with the 2007 Plan as the closing price for shares of Common Stock on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date of the repricing.
The Company repriced a total of 7,720,000 shares of Common Stock underlying outstanding options. The other terms of the options, including the vesting schedules, remained unchanged as a result of the repricing. Total additional compensation expense on non-vested options relating to the May 9, 2008 repricing is approximately $0.4 million which will be expensed ratably over the remaining vesting period. Additional compensation expense on vested options relating to the May 9, 2008 repricing is approximately $0.3 million which was fully expensed as of June 30, 2008. The repriced options had originally been issued with $0.94 to $1.65 per share option exercise prices, which prices reflected the then current market prices of our stock on the dates of original grant. As a result of the recent sharp reduction in our stock price, our Board of Directors believed that such options no longer would properly incentivize our employees, officers, directors and consultants who held such options to work in the best interests of our company and stockholders.
In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R), the Company has recorded stock-based compensation expense of $1.5 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which include the compensation effect for the options repriced. The stock-based compensation expense is based on the fair value of the options at the grant date. We recognized compensation expense for share-based awards based upon their value on the date of grant amortized over the applicable service period, less an allowance estimated future forfeited awards.
The components of comprehensive loss were as follows:
| | Quarter Ended December 31, | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Net loss | | $ | (3,801,000 | ) | | $ | (3,902,000 | ) |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | |
Change in foreign currency translation | | | (39,000 | ) | | | 469,000 | |
Comprehensive loss | | $ | (3,840,000 | ) | | $ | (3,433,000 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008 is comprised of accumulated translation adjustments of $2.4 million and $ 2.5 million, respectively.
NOTE 10 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Capital investments
Pursuant to a joint research and development laboratory agreement with Shanghai University, dated December 15, 2006 and expiring on December 15, 2016, Solar EnerTech is committed to fund the establishment of laboratories and completion of research and development activities. The Company committed to invest no less than RMB5 million each year for the first three years and no less than RMB30 million cumulatively for the first five years. The following table summarizes the commitments in U.S. dollars based upon a translation of the RMB amounts into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 6.8346.
Year | | Amount | |
2009 (Remaining balance)* | | $ | 1,797,000 | |
2010 | | | 936,000 | |
2011 | | | 1,112,000 | |
Total | | $ | 3,845,000 | |
* | The amount includes approximately $41,000 and $819,000 of 2007 and 2008 commitments, respectively, which remained unpaid as of December 31, 2008. The Company intends to increase research and development spending as we grow our business. The payment to Shanghai University will be used to fund program expenses and equipment purchase. The delay in the payment of remaining fiscal years 2007 and 2008 commitments of $860,000 could lead to Shanghai University requesting the Company pay the committed amount within a short time frame. If the Company does not pay and is unable to correct the breach within the requested time frame, Shanghai University could seek compensation up to an additional 15% of the total committed amount for approximately $658,000. As of the date of this report, the Company has not received any compensation request from Shanghai University. |
The agreement is for shared investment in research and development on fundamental and applied technology in the fields of semi-conductive photovoltaic theory, materials, cells and modules. The agreement calls for Shanghai University to provide equipment, personnel and facilities for joint laboratories. The Company will provide funding, personnel and facilities for conducting research and testing. Research and development achievements from this joint research and development agreement will be available to both parties. The Company is entitled to intellectual property rights including copyrights and patents obtained as a result of this research.
Expenditures under this agreement will be accounted for as research and development expenditures under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 2 – ‘Accounting for Research and Development Costs’ and expensed as incurred.
NOTE 11 — RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
At December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2008, the accounts payable and accrued liabilities, related party balance was $5.5 million. The $5.5 million accrued liability represents $4.5 million of compensation expense related to the Company’s obligation to withhold tax upon exercise of stock options by Mr. Young in the fiscal year 2006 and the related interest and penalties, and $1.0 million of indemnification provided by the Company to Mr. Young for any liabilities he may incur as a result of previous stock options granted to him by Ms. Blanchard, a former officer, in conjunction with the purchase of Infotech on August 19, 2008.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
All references to “Solar EnerTech”, the “Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Solar EnerTech Corp. and its subsidiaries.
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that relate to our current expectations and views of future events. In some cases, readers can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue.” These statements relate to events that involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those listed under the heading “Risks Related to Our Business,” “Risks Related to an Investment in Our Securities” and under the heading “Risks Related To an Investment in Our Securities” in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on December 22, 2008 as well as other relevant risks detailed in our filings with the SEC which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. The information set forth in this report on Form 10-Q should be read in light of such risks and in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
Overview
We originally incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on July 7, 2004 and reincorporated to the State of Delaware on August 13, 2008. We engaged in a variety of businesses, including home security assistance, until March 2006, when we began our current operations. We manufacture and sell photovoltaic (commonly known as “PV”) cells and modules. PV modules consist of solar cells that produce electricity from the sun’s rays. Our manufacturing operations consisted of two 25MW solar cell production lines and 50MW of solar module production facility. Our 63,000 square foot manufacturing facility is located in Shanghai, China.
Our solar cells and modules are sold under the brand name “SolarE”. Our total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 were $5.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Our end users are mainly in Europe. In anticipation of entering the US market, we had established a marketing, purchasing and distribution office in Menlo Park, California. Our goal is to become a worldwide supplier of PV cells and modules.
We purchase our key raw materials, silicon wafer, from the spot market. We do not have a long term contract with any silicon supplier. However, on August 21, 2008, we entered into an equity purchase agreement with 21-Century Silicon, Inc., a polysilicon manufacturer based in Dallas, Texas (“21-Century Silicon”) to acquire two million shares of common stock, for $1 million cash. The two million shares acquired by the Company constitute approximately 7.8% of 21-Century Silicon’s outstanding equity. Related to the equity purchase agreement, the Company has also signed a memorandum of understanding with 21-Century Silicon for a four-year supply framework agreement for polysilicon shipments. Through its proprietary technology, processes and methods, 21-Century Silicon is planning to manufacture solar-grade polysilicon at a lower manufacturing and plant setup cost, as well as a shorter plant setup time than those of its major competitors. If its manufacturing goals are met, 21-Century Silicon's customers, in turn, will benefit from the Company's cost advantages and will expect to receive a high-purity product at a price significantly lower than that offered elsewhere within the industry.
In December 2006, we entered into a joint venture with Shanghai University to operate a research facility to study various aspects of advanced PV technology. Our joint venture with Shanghai University is for shared investment in research and development on fundamental and applied technologies in the fields of semi-conductive photovoltaic theory, materials, cells and modules. The agreement calls for Shanghai University to provide equipment, personnel and facilities for joint laboratories. It is our responsibility to provide funding, personnel and facilities for conducting research and testing. Research and development achievements from this joint research and development agreement will be available for use by both parties. We are entitled to the intellectual property rights, including copyrights and patents, obtained as a result of this research. The research and development we will undertake pursuant to this agreement includes the following:
| • | | we plan to research and test theories of PV, thermo-physics, physics of materials and chemistry; |
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| • | | we plan to develop efficient and ultra-efficient PV cells with light/electricity conversion rates ranging from 20% to 35%; |
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| • | | we plan to develop environmentally friendly high conversion rate manufacturing technology of chemical compound film PV cell materials; |
| • | | we plan to develop highly reliable, low-cost manufacturing technology and equipment for thin film PV cells; |
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| • | | we plan to research and develop key material for low-cost flexible film PV cells and non-vacuum technology; and |
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| • | | we plan to research and develop key technology and fundamental theory for third-generation PV cells. |
To date, we have raised money for the development of our business through the sale of our equity securities. On January 11, 2008, we sold 24,318,181 shares of our common stock and 24,318,181 Series C warrants to purchase shares of common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $21.4 million in a private placement offering to accredited investors. The exercise price of the warrants is $1.00 per share. The warrants are exercisable for a period of 5 years from the date of issuance of the warrants. We used the net proceeds from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes. In March 2007 we also raised $17.3 million through sales of units consisting of our Series A and Series B Convertible Notes and warrants. The proceeds were used to complete our production line and working capital purpose.
Our future operations are dependent upon the identification and successful completion of additional long-term or permanent equity financing, the support of creditors and shareholders, and, ultimately, the achievement of profitable operations. Other than as discussed in this report, we know of no trends, events or uncertainties that are reasonably likely to impact our future liquidity.
Critical Accounting Policies
We consider our accounting policies related to principles of consolidation, revenue recognition, inventory reserve, and stock based compensation, fair value of equity instruments and derivative financial instruments to be critical accounting policies. A number of significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments are inherent in determining our consolidation policy, when to recognize revenue, how to evaluate our equity instruments and derivative financial instruments, and the calculation of our inventory reserve and stock-based compensation expense. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Management believes that there have been no significant changes during the three months ended December 31, 2008 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended September 30, 2008 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. For a description of those critical accounting policies, please refer to our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157 (“SFAS 157”), “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS 157 defines fair value to measure assets and liabilities, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and requires additional disclosures about the use of fair value. SFAS 157 is applicable whenever another accounting pronouncement requires or permits assets and liabilities to be measured at fair value. SFAS 157 does not expand or require any new fair value measures. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company adopted this statement for financial assets and financial liabilities effective October 1, 2008, which had no material impact on the Company’s financial and results of operations.
SFAS 157 defines fair value and establishes a hierarchal framework which prioritizes and ranks the market price observability used in fair value measurements. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of asset or liability and the characteristics specific to the asset or liability being measured. Assets and liabilities with readily available, active, quoted market prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally are deemed to have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. Under SFAS 157, the inputs used to measure fair value must be classified into one of three levels as follows:
Level 1 - | Quoted prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities; |
Level 2 - | Observable inputs other than Level 1, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, and model-derived prices whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and |
Level 3 - | Assets and liabilities whose significant value drivers are unobservable. |
Observable inputs are based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs are based on the Company’s market assumptions. Unobservable inputs require significant management judgment or estimation. In some cases, the inputs used to measure an asset or liability may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those instances, the fair value measurement is required to be classified using the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Such determination requires significant management judgment.
The Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following types of instruments as of December 31, 2008:
| | Fair Value at December 31, 2008 | | | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets | | | Significant other observable inputs | | | Significant unobservable inputs | |
| | | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative liabilites | | $ | 491,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | $ | 491,000 | |
Warrant liabilities | | | 1,768,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,768,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | $ | 2,259,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | $ | 2,259,000 | |
The Company’s valuation techniques used to measure the fair values of the derivative liabilities and warrant liabilities were derived from management assumption or estimation and are discussed in Note 7 – Convertible Notes.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159 (“SFAS 159”), “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” SFAS No. 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The standard establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 was effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company did not elect to report any of its financial assets or liabilities at fair value, and as a result, the adoption of SFAS No. 159 had no material impact on its financial and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised) (“SFAS 141(R)”), “Business Combinations.” The standard changes the accounting for business combinations, including the measurement of acquirer shares issued in consideration for a business combination, the recognition of contingent consideration, the accounting for pre-acquisition gain and loss contingencies, the recognition of capitalized in-process research and development, the accounting for acquisition-related restructuring cost accruals, the treatment of acquisition related transaction costs, and the recognition of changes in the acquirer’s income tax valuation allowance. SFAS 141(R) is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Thus, SFAS 141(R) will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2009, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the implementation of Statement 141(R) on its financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160 (“SFAS 160”), “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51.” The standard changes the accounting for non-controlling (minority) interests in consolidated financial statements, including the requirements to classify non-controlling interests as a component of consolidated stockholders’ equity, and the elimination of “minority interest” accounting in results of operations with earnings attributable to non-controlling interests reported as part of consolidated earnings. Additionally, SFAS 160 revises the accounting for both increases and decreases in a parent’s controlling ownership interest. SFAS 160 is effective for the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Thus, SFAS 160 will be effective for the Company on October 1, 2009, with early adoption prohibited. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the implementation of SFAS 160 on its financial position and results of operations.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161 (“SFAS 161”), “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS 161 requires additional disclosures related to the use of derivative instruments, the accounting for derivatives and how derivatives impact financial statements. SFAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Thus, the Company is required to adopt this standard on January 1, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 161 on its financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162 (“SFAS 162”), “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States (the GAAP hierarchy). This Statement is effective for financial statements issued 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 162 on its financial position and results of operations.
Results of Operations for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
The following discussion of the financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and changes in financial position of our Company should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes filed with the SEC on Form 10-K and its subsequent amendments.
Revenues, Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
| | Quarter Ended December 31, 2008 | | | Quarter Ended December 31, 2007 | | | Year-Over-Year Change | |
| | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of change | |
Net sales | | $ | 5,084,000 | | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 4,839,000 | | | | 100.0 | % | | $ | 245,000 | | | | 5.1 | % |
Cost of sales | | | (7,420,000 | ) | | | (145.9 | %) | | | (5,305,000 | ) | | | (109.6 | %) | | | (2,115,000 | ) | | | 39.9 | % |
Gross loss | | $ | (2,336,000 | ) | | | (45.9 | %) | | $ | (466,000 | ) | | | (9.6 | %) | | $ | (1,870,000 | ) | | | 401.3 | % |
For the three months ended December 31, 2008, the Company reported total revenue of $5.1 million, representing an increase of $0.2 million or 5.1% compared to $4.8 million of revenue in the same period of the prior year. Almost all of our $5.1 million of revenue generated during the first fiscal quarter of 2009 related to solar modules sales while only $2.2 million of our first fiscal quarter of 2008 revenue related to solar module sales and the remaining $2.6 million related to resell of raw materials. Our module sales increased significantly in the first fiscal quarter of 2009 because we ramped up our production capacity during fiscal 2008. We resold raw materials in fiscal 2008 because we had limited production capacity a year ago and had excess silicon wafers on hand which we resold with a small margin.
For the three months ended December 31, 2008, we incurred a negative gross profit of $2.3 million, representing an increase of $1.9 million or 401.3% compared to $0.5 million in the same period of the prior year. The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to decrease in average sales price in the first fiscal quarter of 2009. Although the market price of silicon wafer, our key raw materials, has also declined, inventories sold during the first fiscal quarter of 2009 were manufactured using silicon wafers purchased in previous quarters and at a higher cost. This resulted in lower than normal gross profit. In addition, due to drop in silicon wafer market price, our inventories were written down by $1.0 million in the first fiscal quarter of 2009 as a result of a lower of cost or market inventory valuation analysis.
Selling, general & administrative
| | Quarter Ended December 31, 2008 | | | Quarter Ended December 31, 2007 | | | Year-Over-Year Change | |
| | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of change | |
Selling, general & administrative | | $ | 2,561,000 | | | | 50.4 | % | | $ | 3,885,000 | | | | 80.3 | % | | $ | (1,324,000 | ) | | | (34.1 | %) |
For the three months ended December 31, 2008, we incurred selling, general and administrative expense of $2.6 million, representing a decrease of $1.3 million or 34.1% from $3.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2007. Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2008 decreased to 50.4% from 80.3% for the three months ended December 31, 2007. The decrease of $1.3 million in selling, general and administrative expense was primarily due to stock-based compensation expense related to employee options of $1.1 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Research & development
| | Quarter Ended December 31, 2008 | | | Quarter Ended December 31, 2007 | | | Year-Over-Year Change | |
| | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of change | |
Research & development | | $ | 335,000 | | | | 6.6 | % | | $ | 97,000 | | | | 2.0 | % | | $ | 238,000 | | | | 245.4 | % |
Research and development expense represents expense incurred in-house as well as for the joint research and development program with Shanghai University. Research and development expense in the three months ended December 31, 2008 of $0.3 million, represented an increase of $0.2 million or 245.4% over $0.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2007. Research and development expense as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2008 increased to 6.6% from 2.0% for the three months ended December 31, 2007. The research and development expense increased mainly as a result of our commitments to fund our development contract with Shanghai University. In accordance with our joint research and development laboratory agreement with Shanghai University, dated December 15, 2006 and expiring on December 15, 2016, we are committed to funding an additional $3.8 million in the next 3 years. The delay in the payment of remaining fiscal years 2007 and 2008 commitments of $860,000 could lead to Shanghai University requesting the Company pay the committed amount within a short time frame. If the Company does not pay and is unable to correct the breach within the requested time frame, Shanghai University could seek compensation up to an additional 15% of the total committed amount for approximately $658,000. As of the date of this report, we have not received any compensation request from Shanghai University. We expect to increase our funding to research and development activities as we grow our business.
Loss on debt extinguishment
| | Quarter Ended December 31, 2008 | | | Quarter Ended December 31, 2007 | | | Year-Over-Year Change | |
| | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of change | |
Loss on debt extinguishment | | $ | 310,000 | | | | 6.1 | % | | $ | 362,000 | | | | 7.5 | % | | $ | (52,000 | ) | | | (14.4 | %) |
For the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, we incurred a loss on debt extinguishment of $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, part of our Series A and B convertible notes were converted into common stock which resulted in the loss of $0.3 million. During the quarter ended December 31, 2007, loss on debt extinguishment of $0.4 million represented a loss of $0.7 on converting $0.9 million of Series A convertible notes into common stock, partially offset by a gain of $0.4 million on settlement of loan due to Coach Capital LLC and Infotech Essentials Ltd.
Other income
| | Quarter Ended December 31, 2008 | | | Quarter Ended December 31, 2007 | | | Year-Over-Year Change | |
| | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of net sales | | | Amount | | | % of change | |
Interest income | | $ | 7,000 | | | | 0.1 | % | | $ | 10,000 | | | | 0.2 | % | | $ | (3,000 | ) | | | (30.0 | %) |
Interest expense | | | (365,000 | ) | | | (7.2 | %) | | | (278,000 | ) | | | (5.7 | %) | | | (87,000 | ) | | | 31.3 | % |
Gain on change in fair market value | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of compound embedded derivative | | | 475,000 | | | | 9.3 | % | | | 1,099,000 | | | | 22.7 | % | | | (624,000 | ) | | | (56.8 | %) |
Gain on change in fair market value | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of warrant liability | | | 1,644,000 | | | | 32.3 | % | | | 115,000 | | | | 2.4 | % | | | 1,529,000 | | | | 1329.6 | % |
Other expense | | | (20,000 | ) | | | (0.4 | %) | | | (38,000 | ) | | | (0.8 | %) | | | 18,000 | | | | (47.4 | %) |
Total other income | | $ | 1,741,000 | | | | 34.2 | % | | $ | 908,000 | | | | 18.8 | % | | $ | 833,000 | | | | 91.7 | % |
For the three months ended December 31, 2008, total other income was $1.7 million, representing an increase of $0.8 million or 91.7% compared to $0.9 million for the same period of the prior year. Other income as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended December 31, 2008 increased to 34.2% from 18.8% for the three months ended December 31, 2007.
We incurred interest expenses of $0.4 million and $0.3 million in the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively primarily related to the 6% interest charges on Series A and B convertible notes.
In the three months ended December 31, 2008, we recorded a gain on change in fair market value of a compound embedded derivative of $0.5 million and a gain on change in the fair market value of warrant liability of $1.6 million. This compared to a gain on change in the fair market value of a compound embedded derivative of $1.1 million and a gain on change in fair market value of warrant liability of $0.1 million during the three months ended December 31, 2007.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
| | December 31, 2008 | | | September 30, 2008 | | | Change | |
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Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,675,000 | | | $ | 3,238,000 | | | $ | 2,437,000 | |
As of December 31, 2008, we had cash and cash equivalents of $5.7 million, as compared to $3.2 million at September 30, 2008. We require a significant amount of cash to fund our operations. Changes in our operating plans, an increase in our inventory, increased expenses, additional acquisitions, or other events, may cause us to seek additional equity or debt financing in the future. If we are not able to obtain funding in a timely manner or on commercially acceptable terms or at all, we may curtail our operations or take actions to reduce cost in order to continue our operations for the next 12 months.
| | Quarter Ended December 31, | | | | |
| | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | Change | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in): | | | | | | | | | |
Operating activities | | $ | 2,692,000 | | | $ | (791,000 | ) | | $ | 3,483,000 | |
Investing activities | | | (264,000 | ) | | | (1,682,000 | ) | | | 1,418,000 | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | 9,000 | | | | 469,000 | | | | (460,000 | ) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 2,437,000 | | | $ | (2,004,000 | ) | | $ | 4,441,000 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities were $2.7 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase of net cash provided by operating activities of $3.5 million was primarily attributable to the changes in operating assets and liabilities of $4.9 million, mainly from lower accounts receivable, inventory purchases, advance payment for raw material and VAT taxes receivable, partially offset by lower accounts payable related to inventory purchases. The increase of net cash provided by operating activities was partially offset by $1.5 million of lower non-cash items adjustments mainly from gain on change in fair market value of warrant liability and lower stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by gain on change in fair market value of compound embedded derivatives.
Net cash used in investment activities were $0.3 million and $1.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease of $1.4 million in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to lower property and equipment acquisition during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 compared to the quarter ended December 31, 2007.
The exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents were primarily from exchange gains of balances held in Chinese Renminbi (RMB). The exchange rates at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were 1 U.S. dollar for RMB 6.8346 and 1 U.S. dollar for RMB 7.3046, respectively.
Our current cash requirements are significant because, aside from our operational expenses, we are building our inventory of silicon wafers. The average sales price of solar modules and cost of silicon wafers, which are the primary cost of sales for our SolarE solar modules, are currently volatile. We are uncertain of the extent to which these will negatively affect our working capital in the near future. A significant decrease in sale price or increase in the cost of silicon wafers could cause us to run out of cash more quickly than our current operational plans provide, requiring us to raise additional funds or curtail operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
On August 21, 2008 the Company entered into an equity purchase agreement in which it acquired two million shares of common stock of 21-Century Silicon, Inc., a polysilicon manufacturer based in Dallas, Texas (“21-Century Silicon”), for $1 million cash. The two million shares acquired by the Company constitute approximately 7.8% of 21-Century Silicon’s outstanding equity. The equity purchase agreement further provides that the Company would acquire an additional two million shares upon 21-Century Silicon meeting certain milestones.
Under the terms of the equity purchase agreement, the Company acquired two million shares of newly issued common stock at a purchase price of $0.50 per share, and would acquire an additional two million shares at the same per share price upon the first polysilicon shipment meeting the quality specifications determined solely by the Company. Related to the equity purchase agreement, the Company has also signed a memorandum of understanding with 21-Century Silicon for a four-year supply framework agreement for polysilicon shipments.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
As a Smaller Reporting Company as defined Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and in item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, we are electing scaled disclosure reporting obligations and therefore are not required to provide the information requested by this Item 3.
ITEM 4T. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. The evaluation was undertaken in consultation with our accounting personnel. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Acting Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms because of the lack of finance and accounting personnel with an appropriate level of knowledge, experience and training in the application of U.S. GAAP. Accordingly, management has determined that this control deficiency constitutes a material weakness.
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Acting Chief Financial Officer, has concluded there were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Resignation of Officers and Directors.
Ms. Anthea Chung resigned from her position as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary within the Company effective December 22, 2008. At the time of her resignation, Mr. Leo Shi Young was the sole executive of the Company serving as the President and Chief Executive Officer and its Acting Chief Financial Officer, Acting Treasurer and Acting Secretary.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) Pursuant to Rule 601 of Regulation S-K, the following exhibits are included herein or incorporated by reference.
2.1 | | Agreement and Plan of Merger with Solar EnerTech Corp., a Nevada corporation and our predecessor in interest, dated August 13, 2008, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to our Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2008. |
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3.1 | | Certificate of Incorporation, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to our Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2008. |
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3.2 | | By-laws, Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to our Form 8-K filed on August 14, 2008. |
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31.1 | | Section 302 Certification - Chief Executive Officer* |
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31.2 | | Section 302 Certification - Chief Financial Officer* |
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32.1 | | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Chief Executive Officer.* |
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32.2 | | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Chief Financial Officer.* |
* Filed herewith.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SOLAR ENERTECH CORP.
Date: February 13, 2009 | By: | /s/ Leo Shi Young |
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| | Leo Shi Young |
| | President and Chief Executive Officer |