Fair Value Measurements And Fair Value Of Financial Instruments | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Fair Value Measurements And Fair Value Of Financial Instruments [Abstract] | |
Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments | (10) Fair Value Measurements and Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values: |
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets. |
Level 2 - Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets, or other inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset. |
Level 3 - Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. |
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Transfers of financial instruments between levels within the fair value hierarchy are recognized on the date management determines that the underlying circumstances or assumptions have changed. |
The fair values of securities available for sale are generally determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the financial industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). For securities where market values of similar securities are not available management utilizes a discounted cash flow model or other model requiring unobservable inputs to estimate fair value (Level 3 inputs). The valuation of the Company’s Level 3 bonds is highly sensitive to changes in unobservable inputs. |
Currently, the Company uses interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk. The fair value of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments (or receipts) and the discounted expected variable cash receipts (or payments). The variable cash receipts (or payments) are based on the expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observed market interest rate curves (Level 2 inputs). The Company considers the value of the swap to be highly sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates. |
Impaired loans are evaluated and valued at the time the loan is identified as impaired, at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans and is classified at a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Collateral values are determined based on appraisals performed by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company and then further adjusted if warranted based on relevant facts and circumstances. The appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales and income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of collateral underlying impaired loans and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions management considers the fair value of impaired loans to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions. |
OREO is valued at the time the loan is foreclosed upon and the asset is transferred to OREO. The value is based primarily on third party appraisals, less costs to sell. The appraised value may be adjusted if warranted based on relevant facts and circumstances. The appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales and income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. OREO is reviewed and evaluated on at least an annual basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of OREO properties and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions management considers the fair value of OREO to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions. |
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Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis |
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below: |
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| | Quoted Prices in | | Significant | | Significant | | Balance | | |
Active Markets | Other Observable | Unobservable | | |
for Identical | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) | | |
Assets (Level 1) | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | |
Assets/Liabilities at September 30, 2013 | | | | | | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | $ | - | $ | 17,191 | $ | 38,145 | $ | 55,336 | | |
Mortgage-backed securities – agency / | | | | | | | | | | |
residential | | - | | 267,552 | | - | | 267,552 | | |
Mortgage-backed securities – private / | | | | | | | | | | |
residential | | - | | 629 | | - | | 629 | | |
Asset-backed securities | | - | | 22,936 | | - | | 22,936 | | |
Marketable equity securities | | - | | 1,535 | | - | | 1,535 | | |
Trust preferred securities | | - | | 32,350 | | - | | 32,350 | | |
Corporate securities | | - | | 42,083 | | - | | 42,083 | | |
Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedge | | - | | 200 | | - | | 200 | | |
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Assets/Liabilities at December 31, 2012 | | | | | | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | $ | - | $ | 15,355 | $ | 49,889 | $ | 65,244 | | |
Mortgage-backed securities – agency / | | | | | | | | | | |
residential | | - | | 264,283 | | - | | 264,283 | | |
Mortgage-backed securities – private / | | | | | | | | | | |
residential | | - | | 720 | | - | | 720 | | |
Asset-backed securities | | - | | 20,511 | | - | | 20,511 | | |
Marketable equity securities | | - | | 1,535 | | - | | 1,535 | | |
Trust preferred securities | | - | | 32,840 | | - | | 32,840 | | |
Corporate securities | | - | | 28,249 | | - | | 28,249 | | |
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There were no transfers of financial assets and liabilities among Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2013. As discussed in footnote (2)” Securities”, the single municipal security for which an OTTI was recognized during the fourth quarter of 2010 was foreclosed upon during the first quarter 2013 and is now included as a Level 3 OREO property. |
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The table below presents a reconciliation and income statement classification of gains and losses for all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012: |
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| State and Municipal Securities | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | | | | |
30-Sep-13 | 30-Sep-13 | | | |
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| | (In thousands) | | | |
Beginning balance | $ | 40,829 | | | $ | 49,889 | | | | |
Total unrealized gains (losses) included in: | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | 21 | | | | 84 | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | | 195 | | | | -614 | | | | |
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | -2,900 | | | | -11,214 | | | | |
Transfers in and (out) of Level 3 | | - | | | | - | | | | |
Balance end of period | $ | 38,145 | | | $ | 38,145 | | | | |
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| State and Municipal Securities | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | | | | |
30-Sep-12 | 30-Sep-12 | | | |
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| | (In thousands) | | | |
Beginning balance | $ | 50,294 | | | $ | 50,336 | | | | |
Total unrealized gains (losses) included in: | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | - | | | | - | | | | |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | | 777 | | | | 790 | | | | |
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net | | -55 | | | | -110 | | | | |
Transfers in and (out) of Level 3 | | - | | | | - | | | | |
Balance end of period | $ | 51,016 | | | $ | 51,016 | | | | |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012, the entire amount of other comprehensive income for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) consisted of changes in unrealized gains and losses on the mark to market of securities designated as available for sale. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and September 30, 2012 the amounts included in net income include gains recognized on the sale or call of level three municipal bonds in addition to the accretion of any discount |
The following tables present quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements on the Company’s state and municipal securities at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012: |
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30-Sep-13 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | $ | 37,109 | discounted cash flow | discount rate | 4%- 5% | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | | 1,036 | matrix pricing | discount rate or yield | N/A* | | | | | |
Total | $ | 38,145 | | | | | | | | |
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31-Dec-12 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | $ | 48,025 | discounted cash flow | discount rate | 4%- 5% | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | | 814 | appraisal | adjustment to comparable sales | 29% | | | | | |
State and municipal securities | | 1,050 | matrix pricing | discount rate or yield | N/A* | | | | | |
Total | $ | 49,889 | | | | | | | | |
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* The Company relies on a third-party pricing service to value non-rated municipal securities. Because of the lack of credit ratings, management considers the relationship between rates on these securities and benchmarks rates to be unobservable. The unobservable adjustments used by the third-party pricing service were not readily available. |
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Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis |
The following tables present impaired loans measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. The valuation methodology used to measure the fair value of these loans is described earlier in this Note. |
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| | Quoted Prices in | | Significant | | Significant | | Balance | | |
Active Markets | Other Observable | Unobservable | | |
for Identical | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) | | |
Assets (Level 1) | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | |
30-Sep-13 | | | | | | | | | | |
Impaired loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial and residential real estate | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 2,291 | $ | 2,291 | | |
Commercial | | - | | - | | 215 | | 215 | | |
Consumer | | - | | - | | 391 | | 391 | | |
Other | | - | | - | | 667 | | 667 | | |
Total impaired loans | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 3,564 | $ | 3,564 | | |
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| | Quoted Prices in | | Significant | | Significant | | Balance | | |
Active Markets | Other Observable | Unobservable | | |
for Identical | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) | | |
Assets (Level 1) | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | |
31-Dec-12 | | | | | | | | | | |
Impaired loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial and residential real estate | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 7,467 | $ | 7,467 | | |
Commercial | | - | | - | | 1,270 | | 1,270 | | |
Consumer | | - | | - | | 484 | | 484 | | |
Other | | - | | - | | 1,152 | | 1,152 | | |
Total impaired loans | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 10,373 | $ | 10,373 | | |
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Impaired loans, which are generally measured for impairment using the fair value of collateral, had a carrying amount of $20,595,000 at September 30, 2013, after a partial charge-off of $1,226,000. In addition, these loans have a specific valuation allowance of $1,450,000 at September 30, 2013. These specific reserves generally represent the deficiency between the net realizable value of the underlying collateral and the Company’s recorded investment. Of the $20,595,000 impaired loan portfolio at September 30, 2013, $5,014,000 were carried at fair value as a result of the aforementioned charge-offs and specific valuation allowances. The remaining $15,581,000 of impaired loans were carried at cost at September 30, 2013, as the fair value of the collateral on these loans exceeded the book value for each individual credit. During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, charge-offs and changes in specific valuation allowances on impaired loans carried at fair value resulted in an additional specific provision for loan losses of $3,631,000. |
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Impaired loans had a carrying amount of $17,754,000 at December 31, 2012, after a partial charge-off of $3,951,000. In addition, these loans had a specific valuation allowance of $2,654,000 at December 31, 2012. Of the $17,754,000 impaired loan portfolio at December 31, 2012, $13,027,000 were carried at fair value as a result of the aforementioned charge-offs and specific valuation allowances. The remaining $4,727,000 of impaired loans were carried at cost at December 31, 2012, as the fair value of the collateral on these loans exceeded the book value for each individual credit. |
Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. |
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The following tables present quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for impaired loans measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. |
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30-Sep-13 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
Impaired loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial and residential real estate | $ | 2,291 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 5% - 15% | | | | | |
| | | discounted cash flow | discount rate | 1%- 2% | | | | | |
Commercial | | 215 | discounted cash flow | discount rate | 5% - 6% | | | | | |
Consumer | | 391 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 10% - 20% | | | | | |
Other | | 667 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 7% - 12% | | | | | |
Total impaired loans | $ | 3,564 | | | | | | | | |
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31-Dec-12 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
Impaired loans: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial and residential real estate | $ | 7,467 | income approach | capitalization rate | 8% - 10% | | | | | |
| | | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 8% - 25% | | | | | |
Commercial | | 1,270 | discounted cash flow | discount rate | 10% | | | | | |
Consumer | | 484 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 19% - 26% | | | | | |
Other | | 1,152 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 5% - 25% | | | | | |
| | | income approach | capitalization rate | 10% | | | | | |
Total impaired loans | $ | 10,373 | | | | | | | | |
Nonfinancial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis |
Nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below: |
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| | Quoted Prices in | | Significant | | Significant | | Balance | | |
Active Markets | Other Observable | Unobservable | | |
for Identical | Inputs (Level 2) | Inputs (Level 3) | | |
Assets (Level 1) | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | |
30-Sep-13 | | | | | | | | | | |
Other real estate owned and foreclosed assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 2,578 | $ | 2,578 | | |
Land | | - | | - | | 3,633 | | 3,633 | | |
Total other real estate owned and foreclosed assets | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 6,211 | $ | 6,211 | | |
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31-Dec-12 | | | | | | | | | | |
Other real estate owned and foreclosed assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 15,507 | $ | 15,507 | | |
Land | | - | | - | | 4,073 | | 4,073 | | |
Total other real estate owned and foreclosed assets | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 19,580 | $ | 19,580 | | |
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OREO had a carrying amount of $6,211,000 at September 30, 2013, which is made up of an outstanding balance of $15,214,000, with a valuation allowance of $9,003,000. OREO write-downs and sales resulted in the valuation allowance decreasing by $95,000 in the third quarter 2013. |
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OREO had a carrying amount of $19,580,000 at December 31, 2012, which was made up of an outstanding balance of $36,012,000, with a valuation allowance of $16,432,000. |
The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for OREO measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2013. |
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30-Sep-13 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
Other real estate owned and | | | | | | | | | | |
foreclosed assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,578 | income approach | capitalization rate | 8% - 12% | | | | | |
| | | contract negotiations | buyer's offer | N/A* | | | | | |
| | | broker opinion | discount to broker opinion | 10% - 20% | | | | | |
Land | | 3,633 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 18% - 55% | | | | | |
Total other real estate owned and | | | | | | | | | | |
foreclosed assets | $ | 6,211 | | | | | | | | |
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* The Company evaluates offers made by buyers for OREO based on the economic facts and circumstances impacting each property. Purchase offers are not always based on observable market data and it is not always feasible to disclose an adjustment to these purchase offers to the recorded fair value of these properties. |
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31-Dec-12 | | Fair Value | Valuation Technique | Unobservable Inputs | Range | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | |
Other real estate owned and | | | | | | | | | | |
foreclosed assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial real estate | $ | 15,507 | income approach | capitalization rate | 6% - 11% | | | | | |
| | | contract negotiations | adjustment to appraised value | 34% | | | | | |
Land | | 4,073 | sales comparison | adjustment to comparable sales | 18% - 55% | | | | | |
Total other real estate owned and | | | | | | | | | | |
foreclosed assets | $ | 19,580 | | | | | | | | |
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
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The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows: |
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| | | | Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2013: |
| | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total |
| | (In thousands) |
Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 33,465 | $ | 33,465 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 33,465 |
Securities available for sale | | 422,421 | | - | | 384,276 | | 38,145 | | 422,421 |
Securities held to maturity | | 33,385 | | - | | 32,267 | | - | | 32,267 |
Bank stocks | | 15,451 | | n/a | | n/a | | n/a | | n/a |
Loans, net | | 1,272,802 | | - | | - | | 1,266,207 | | 1,266,207 |
Accrued interest receivable | | 5,872 | | - | | 5,872 | | - | | 5,872 |
Interest rate swap - cash flow hedge | | 200 | | - | | 200 | | - | | 200 |
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Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | $ | 1,482,515 | $ | - | $ | 1,481,179 | $ | - | $ | 1,481,179 |
Federal funds purchased and sold under | | | | | | | | | | |
agreements to repurchase | | 29,139 | | - | | 29,139 | | - | | 29,139 |
Short-term borrowings | | 52,550 | | - | | 52,550 | | - | | 52,550 |
Subordinated debentures | | 25,774 | | - | | - | | 18,412 | | 18,412 |
Long-term borrowings | | 110,151 | | - | | 118,176 | | - | | 118,176 |
Accrued interest payable | | 592 | | - | | 592 | | - | | 592 |
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| | | | Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2012: |
| | Carrying Amount | | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total |
| | (In thousands) |
Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 163,217 | $ | 163,217 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 163,217 |
Time deposits with banks | | 8,000 | | 8,000 | | - | | - | | 8,000 |
Securities available for sale | | 413,382 | | - | | 363,493 | | 49,889 | | 413,382 |
Securities held to maturity | | 31,283 | | - | | 32,290 | | - | | 32,290 |
Bank stocks | | 14,262 | | n/a | | n/a | | n/a | | n/a |
Loans, net | | 1,133,607 | | - | | - | | 1,169,920 | | 1,169,920 |
Accrued interest receivable | | 4,896 | | - | | 4,896 | | - | | 4,896 |
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Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Deposits | $ | 1,454,756 | $ | - | $ | 1,454,452 | $ | - | $ | 1,454,452 |
Federal funds purchased and sold under | | | | | | | | | | |
agreements to repurchase | | 67,040 | | - | | 67,040 | | - | | 67,040 |
Subordinated debentures | | 41,239 | | - | | - | | 33,848 | | 33,848 |
Long-term borrowings | | 110,163 | | - | | 120,941 | | - | | 120,941 |
Accrued interest payable | | 1,126 | | - | | 1,126 | | - | | 1,126 |
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The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. |
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Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Therefore, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company. |
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The following methods and assumptions are used by the Company in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments: |
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(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Time Deposits with Banks |
The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments approximate fair values (Level 1). |
(b) Securities and Bank Stocks |
Fair values for securities available for sale and held to maturity are generally determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2). For positions that are not traded in active markets or are subject to transfer restrictions (i.e., bonds valued with Level 3 inputs), management uses a combination of reviews of the underlying financial statements, appraisals and management’s judgment regarding credit quality and intent to sell in order to determine the value of the bond. |
It is not practical to determine the fair value of bank stocks due to restrictions placed on the transferability of FHLB stock, Federal Reserve Bank stock and Bankers’ Bank of the West stock. These three stocks comprise the majority of the balance of bank stocks. |
(c) Loans |
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For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values (Level 3). Fair values for other loans (e.g., commercial real estate and investment property mortgage loans, commercial loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality (Level 3). Impaired loans are valued at the lower of cost or fair value as described above in this note. The methods utilized to estimate the fair value of loans do not necessarily represent an exit price. |
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(d) Deposits |
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The fair values of demand deposits (e.g., interest and non-interest checking, passbook savings, and certain types of money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amount) (Level 2). The carrying amounts of variable rate, fixed-term money market accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the reporting date (Level 2). Fair values for fixed rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flows calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits (Level 2). |
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(e) Short-term Borrowings |
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The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings maturing within ninety days approximate their fair values (Level 2). |
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(f) Long-term Borrowings |
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The fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements (Level 2). |
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(g) Subordinated Debentures |
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The fair values of the Company’s Subordinated Debentures are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements (Level 3). |
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(h) Accrued Interest Receivable/Payable |
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The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value (Level 2). |
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(i) Interest Rate Swaps, net |
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The fair value of interest rate swaps are determined using the market standard methodology of netting the discounted future fixed cash payments (or receipts) and the discounted expected variable cash receipts (or payments). The variable cash receipts (or payments) are based on the expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observed market interest rate curves (Level 2). |
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Off-balance Sheet Instruments |
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Fair values for off-balance sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair value of commitments is not material. |
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