UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 20-F
¨ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31 2006
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
OR
¨ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
Commission file number
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc
(Additional Registrant)
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
England and Wales
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
1 London Bridge, London, SE1 9BG, United Kingdom
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
None
| | |
Title of each class
| | Name of each exchange on which registered
|
| | |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
(Title of Class)
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
10.75% pound sterling-denominated senior secured notes due 2014
11.75% US dollar-denominated senior secured notes due 2014
Guarantees relating to 10.75% senior secured notes due 2014 and 11.75% senior secured notes due 2014
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the Issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
Ordinary shares, nominal value £1.00 per share: 101,000 shares.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.
Large accelerated filer¨ Accelerated filer¨ Non-accelerated filerx
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ¨ Item 18 x
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ¨ No ¨
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION
Corporate Organization
All references in this annual report to:
| • | | “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” and “GCUK” are to Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries, including the Issuer, except where expressly stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires; |
| • | | “Guarantors” are to GCUK and Fibernet and its direct and indirect subsidiaries; |
| • | | “Guarantees” are to the guarantees by the Guarantors of the Notes on a senior basis; |
| • | | “Fibernet Group” are to, collectively, Fibernet Group Limited (formerly Fibernet Group plc), a company incorporated in England and Wales, and its consolidated subsidiaries at such time; |
| • | | “Fibernet” are to Fibernet Group excluding Fibernet Holdings Limited and Fibernet GmbH, which companies were transferred to Global Crossing International Ltd, one of our affiliates, prior to our acquisition of Fibernet Group Limited on December 28, 2006; |
| • | | “GC Acquisitions” are to GC Acquisitions UK Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of GCL formed for the purpose of acquiring Fibernet Group plc; |
| • | | “GCI” are to Global Crossing International Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of GCL; |
| • | | the “Issuer” and “GC Finance” are to Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales, and our direct, wholly owned finance subsidiary that is the Issuer of the Notes guaranteed by the Guarantors and which has had no trading activity, except where expressly stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires; |
| • | | “GCL,” “Global Crossing,” “our parent” and “our parent company” are to Global Crossing Limited, a company organized under the laws of Bermuda and our indirect parent company by which we are indirectly wholly owned; |
| • | | “old parent company” or “old parent” are to Global Crossing Ltd., a company formed under the laws of Bermuda and our parent company’s predecessor; |
| • | | “Bidco,” “our immediate parent” and “our immediate parent company” are to Global Crossing (Bidco) Limited, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales and our direct parent company by whom we are directly wholly owned and which is indirectly wholly owned by GCL; |
| • | | “group companies” are to the group of companies owned directly or indirectly by GCL, including us; |
| • | | “Network Rail” are to Network Rail Infrastructure Limited, the successor to Railtrack plc, as the operator of the UK national railway infrastructure network; and |
| • | | “Racal” are to the network services arm of Racal Telecommunications Limited, our predecessor. |
Financial and Other Information
All references in this annual report to:
| • | | the “UK” are to the United Kingdom; |
| • | | “pounds sterling,” “sterling,” “£” or “pence” are to the lawful currency of the United Kingdom; |
| • | | the “United States” or the “US” are to the United States of America; |
| • | | “US$,” “US Dollars,” “dollars” or “$” are to the lawful currency of the United States; |
| • | | the “EU” are to the European Union; |
| • | | “euro” or “€” are to the lawful currency of the European Union; |
| • | | the “Initial Notes” are to the 10.75% dollar-denominated senior secured notes and the 11.75% pounds sterling-denominated senior secured notes issued by the Issuer on December 23, 2004 and to the exchange notes that the Issuer issued pursuant to a registered exchange offer in respect of such notes; |
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| • | | the “Additional Notes” are to the 11.75% pounds sterling-denominated senior secured notes issued by the Issuer on December 28 2006 and to the exchange notes the Issuer proposes to issue pursuant to a registered exchange offer; |
| • | | the “Notes” and “Senior Secured Notes” are to, collectively, the Initial Notes and the Additional Notes; and |
| • | | the “Indenture” are to the indenture, dated December 23, 2004, governing the Notes. |
The consolidated financial statements and the related notes in this annual report have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards,(“IFRS”), as adopted in the EU. References to “IFRS” hereafter should be construed as reference to IFRS as adopted by the EU. IFRS differs in certain material respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the US, or US GAAP. For a discussion of the differences between IFRS and US GAAP as they apply to us, see note 30 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. Unless otherwise indicated, financial information in this annual report has been prepared in accordance with IFRS.
Some financial information has been rounded and, as a result, the numerical figures shown as totals in this annual report may vary slightly from the exact arithmetic aggregation of figures that precede them.
CURRENCY PRESENTATION AND EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain information concerning the noon buying rate in the City of New York for cable transfers in pounds sterling as announced by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for customs purposes, or the “noon buying rate,” for pounds sterling expressed in dollars per £1.00. As of April 16, 2007, the noon buying rate for pounds sterling expressed in dollars per £1.00 was 1.991.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dollars per £1.00 |
| | 2002 | | 2003 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2007 (through April 16) |
Exchange rate at end of period (Year ended December 31, except 2007) | | 1.609 | | 1.784 | | 1.916 | | 1.719 | | 1.959 | | 1.991 |
Average exchange rate during period* | | 1.508 | | 1.645 | | 1.836 | | 1.815 | | 1.858 | | 1.974 |
Highest exchange rate during period | | 1.610 | | 1.784 | | 1.948 | | 1.929 | | 1.979 | | 1.991 |
Lowest exchange rate during period | | 1.407 | | 1.550 | | 1.754 | | 1.714 | | 1.726 | | 1.924 |
* | The average of the noon buying rates for cable transfer in pound sterling as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on the last business day of each month during the applicable period (through April 16 in the case of 2007). |
| | | | |
Month | | Highest exchange rate during the month | | Lowest exchange rate during the month |
October 2006 | | 1.903 | | 1.855 |
November 2006 | | 1.969 | | 1.888 |
December 2006 | | 1.979 | | 1.969 |
January 2007 | | 1.985 | | 1.931 |
February 2007 | | 1.970 | | 1.944 |
March 2007 | | 1.969 | | 1.924 |
April 2007 | | 1.991 | | 1.961 |
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
In this annual report, we rely on and refer to information and statistics regarding our industry. We obtained these market data from independent industry publications or other publicly available information. Although we believe that these sources are reliable, we have not independently verified and do not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of this information.
DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report on Form 20-F contains certain “forward-looking statements,” as such term is defined in Section 21E of the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These statements set forth anticipated results based on our management’s plans and assumptions. From time to time, we also provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public as well as oral forward-looking statements. Such statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events; they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. We have
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tried, wherever possible, to identify these forward-looking statements by using words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “will”, “could” and similar expressions in connection with any discussion of future events or future operating or financial performance or strategies. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:
| • | | our services, including the development and deployment of data products and services based on IP and other technologies and strategies to expand our targeted customer base and broaden our sales channels |
| • | | the operation of our network, including with respect to the development of IP-based services; |
| • | | our liquidity and financial resources, including anticipated capital expenditures, funding of capital expenditures, anticipated levels of indebtedness, and the ability to raise capital through financing activities; |
| • | | trends related to and management’s expectations regarding results of operations, required capital expenditures, integration of acquired businesses, revenues from existing and new lines of business and sales channels, and cash flows, including but not limited to those statements set forth in Item 5 in “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”; and |
| • | | sales efforts, expenses, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings. |
We cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will be realized. Our achievement of future results is subject to risks, uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions. Should known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could vary materially from past results and from those anticipated, estimated or projected. Investors should bear this in mind as they consider forward-looking statements.
We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our quarterly and current reports on Form 6-K. Also note that we provide a discussion of risks and uncertainties related to our businesses. See Item 3.D. “Key Information—Risk Factors.” These are factors that we believe, individually or in the aggregate, could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results. You should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors. Consequently, you should not consider the “Risk Factors” section to be a complete discussion of all potential risks or uncertainties. As described in this annual report on Form 20-F, such risks, uncertainties and other important factors include, among others:
| • | | our ability to successfully integrate the Fibernet business and realize the benefits we anticipate from our acquisition of Fibernet; |
| • | | our dependence on a number of key personnel; |
| • | | the level of competition in the marketplace; |
| • | | technological advances and regulatory changes are eroding traditional barriers between formerly distinct telecommunications markets, which could increase the competition we face and put downward pressure on prices; |
| • | | many of our competitors have superior resources, which could place us at a cost and price disadvantage; |
| • | | our revenue is concentrated in a limited number of customers; |
| • | | the absence of firm commitments to purchase minimum levels of revenue or services in some of our enterprise customer contracts; |
| • | | our reliance on a limited number of third party suppliers; |
| • | | periodic reviews of our financial condition by certain of our governmental customers; |
| • | | a change of control could lead to the termination of many of our government contracts; |
| • | | insolvency could lead to termination of certain of our contracts; |
| • | | slower than anticipated adoption by customers of our next generation products; |
| • | | the operation, administration, maintenance and repair of our systems are subject to risks that could lead to disruptions in our services and the failure of our systems to operate as intended for their full design lives; |
| • | | our continued development of effective business support systems; |
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| • | | the influence of our parent, and actions our parent takes, or actions we are obliged to take as a result of our parent’s action, which may conflict with our interests together with potential conflicts of interest for certain of our directors due to ownership of, or options to purchase, our parent’s stock; |
| • | | our directors may have conflicts of interest because of their ownership of, or options to purchase, our parent’s stock; |
| • | | the sharing of corporate and operational services with our parent; |
| • | | the return of assets to our parent if fraudulent conveyances to us by our parent occur; |
| • | | terrorist attacks or other acts of violence or war may adversely affect the financial markets and our business and operations; and |
| • | | our onerous lease provision is a material liability the calculation of which involves significant estimation. |
ITEM 1. | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS |
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE |
Not applicable.
A. | Selected Financial Data |
You should read the following selected financial data together with the Item 5 “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and our financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this annual report.
The selected financial data at December 31, 2002 and 2003 and for the years then ended were derived from our financial statements which are not included in this annual report. The selected financial data at December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 and for each of the years then ended have been derived from our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this annual report.
Unless otherwise indicated, the historical financial data have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. IFRS differs in certain significant respects from US GAAP. For a discussion of the differences between IFRS and US GAAP as they apply to us, see note 30 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report.
As permitted by Instruction G of Form 20-F, we have presented selected financial data in accordance with IFRS for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 and in accordance with US GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006.
In reading the selected historical financial data, please note the following:
| • | | On December 28, 2006, we announced that our subsidiary, GC Finance, had completed its offering of the Additional Notes. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the Indenture pursuant to which GC Finance issued the Initial Notes. |
| • | | On December 28, 2006, proceeds from the offering were used to acquire Fibernet from GC Acquisitions, and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition of Fibernet by GCUK and the offering of the Additional Notes. Upon completion of the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet guaranteed the Additional Notes and all other obligations under the Indenture. Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group transferred its German business operations to GCI, by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holdings Limited, and its wholly owned subsidiary Fibernet GmbH, to GCI, for consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet. See note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. |
| • | | Fibernet results from December 28, 2006, only are included within the following income statement data. |
| • | | Fibernets position as of December 31, 2006, only is included within the following balance sheet data. |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2002 | | | 2003 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands, except ratios) | |
IFRS Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Statement Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | £ | 271,096 | | | £ | 239,498 | | | £ | 240,612 | |
Cost of sales | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (156,735 | ) | | | (136,317 | ) | | | (147,481 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 114,361 | | | | 103,181 | | | | 93,131 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Distribution costs | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (10,504 | ) | | | (10,009 | ) | | | (10,385 | ) |
Administrative expenses | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (40,258 | ) | | | (47,738 | ) | | | (53,683 | ) |
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,453 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (50,762 | ) | | | (57,747 | ) | | | (55,615 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating profit | | | | | | | | | | | 63,599 | | | | 45,434 | | | | 37,516 | |
Finance costs, net | | | | | | | (1 | ) | | | (613 | ) | | | (39,919 | ) | | | (14,688 | ) |
Tax benefit/(charge) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 11,364 | | | | 2,477 | | | | (9,377 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | £ | 74,350 | | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | 13,451 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance Sheet Data (at period end): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 44,847 | | | £ | 40,309 | |
Trade and other receivables(2) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 64,633 | | | | 59,954 | | | | 59,182 | |
Working capital/(deficit)(3) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 6,897 | | | | (8,532 | ) | | | (18,798 | ) |
Intangible assets, net | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 1,634 | | | | 1,296 | | | | 14,241 | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 135,593 | | | | 129,005 | | | | 182,556 | |
Total assets | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 241,092 | | | | 255,382 | | | | 336,877 | |
Total debt(4) | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 234,950 | | | | 239,436 | | | | 282,054 | |
Total shareholders’ deficit | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | (219,105 | ) | | | (204,718 | ) | | | (195,574 | ) |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 20,104 | | | £ | 24,551 | |
Capital expenditures | | | (1 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 7,811 | | | | 9,452 | | | | 20,435 | |
| |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2002 | | | 2003 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands, except ratios) | |
US GAAP Data(5) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income Statement Data(6): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | £ | 265,663 | | | £ | 290,922 | | | £ | 263,776 | | | £ | 233,888 | | | £ | 234,964 | |
Operating (loss)/profit | | | (43,512 | ) | | | 23,633 | | | | 54,326 | | | | 39,048 | | | | 22,781 | |
(Loss)/income from continuing activities(7) | | | (17,271 | ) | | | 330,062 | | | | 40,546 | | | | (2,246 | ) | | | 5,805 | |
Net (loss)/income | | | (18,607 | ) | | | 330,062 | | | | 40,546 | | | | (2,246 | ) | | | 5,805 | |
Balance Sheet Data (at period end): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | £ | 41,565 | | | £ | 50,403 | | | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 44,847 | | | £ | 40,309 | |
Fixed assets | | | 202,602 | | | | 112,404 | | | | 132,104 | | | | 125,543 | | | | 190,119 | |
Total assets | | | 385,134 | | | | 293,823 | | | | 244,241 | | | | 256,981 | | | | 340,184 | |
Total debt | | | 512,719 | | | | 371,867 | | | | 245,415 | | | | 248,626 | | | | 293,714 | |
Total shareholders’ deficit | | | (477,790 | ) | | | (307,289 | ) | | | (146,972 | ) | | | (134,303 | ) | | | (135,871 | ) |
Other Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | £ | 46,336 | | | £ | 43,613 | | | £ | 22,186 | | | £ | 19,739 | | | £ | 24,226 | |
(1) | IFRS information is not required to be presented for these periods. |
(2) | Trade and other receivables include operating and non-operating receivables from other group companies. Excluding the receivables from other group companies, trade and other receivables are £55.4 million and £53.3 million at December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. |
(3) | Working capital/(deficit) consists of the current portion of trade and other receivables, less trade and other payables. Working capital/ (deficit) includes operating and non-operating receivables and payables from other group companies. Excluding all receivables and payables from other group companies, working capital deficit is £6.4 million and £18.0 million at December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. |
(4) | Total debt represents obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts, third-party indebtedness and loans owed to group companies. |
(5) | Upon its emergence from bankruptcy on December 9, 2003, our parent company implemented “fresh start” accounting and reporting in accordance with the AICPA SOP 90-7. Fresh start accounting required our parent company to allocate the reorganization value of its assets and liabilities based upon their estimated fair values. Although GCUK itself was not part of the bankruptcy proceedings, under US GAAP, fresh start accounting is pushed down to the entity level. |
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(6) | Our results for the year ended December 31, 2002 include our cellular business, which was discontinued in 2001. This includes a net operating loss of £1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. |
(7) | (Loss)/income from continuing activities represents profit adjusted to exclude discontinued operations. |
B. | Capitalization and Indebtedness |
Not applicable.
C. | Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds |
Not applicable.
Our business, and an investment in us, are subject to a number of significant risks, including those described below. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently believe are immaterial, could also impair our business, financial condition, results of operations and our ability to fulfill our obligations under the Notes. See Item 5.B. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness—Senior Secured Notes.”
In addition to the risk factors identified under the captions below, the operation and results of our business are subject to risks and uncertainties identified elsewhere in this annual report on Form 20-F as well as general risks and uncertainties such as those relating to general economic conditions and demand for telecommunications services.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We may not be successful in integrating the Fibernet business into ours or may not be able to realize the benefits we anticipate from the Fibernet acquisition.
We are in the early stages of the process of integrating Fibernet with our business. The process of coordinating and integrating the two organizations, and making them operate as one company, has and will require managerial and financial resources. In addition, this process could cause the interruption to, or a loss of momentum in, the activities of any of our or Fibernet’s businesses, including its customer services, which could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated operations.
The management of the integration of the businesses, systems and culture of ourselves and Fibernet will require, among other things, the continued development of our financial and management controls, including the integration of information systems and structure, the integration of product offerings and customer base and the training of new personnel, all of which could disrupt the timeliness of financial information, place a strain on our management resources and require significant expenditure. Any significant diversion of management’s attention or any major difficulties encountered in the integration of the businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation. While we have budgeted anticipated integration costs, there can be no assurance that additional costs will not be incurred.
While we have identified certain potential revenue synergies and cost savings which we believe may be achievable as a result of the acquisition of Fibernet, and we believe the underlying assumptions upon which we have based our estimates are reasonable, the timing of and degree to which we are able to realize such synergies and savings, which remains subject to numerous significant risks and uncertainties, could nonetheless vary significantly. There can be no assurance that such potential revenue synergies, the cost saving plans, or other anticipated benefits will be realized in the near future, if at all.
We depend in large part on the efforts of our key personnel. Maintaining key personnel is vital for our business, and there is no guarantee we can keep such personnel.
Our business is managed by a number of key personnel, including our directors, the loss of any of whom could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition to our senior management, we rely upon key personnel of GCL, our parent company. In addition, many of our key personnel spend time working for our parent or its affiliates and the amount of time they spend doing so is often out of our control. Our business and
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operations depend upon qualified personnel successfully implementing our business plan, including the integration of Fibernet. We can offer no assurances that we will be able to attract and retain skilled and qualified personnel for senior management positions. The loss of key personnel employed by our parent or their need to spend additional time working for our parent or its affiliates or our failure to recruit and retain key personnel or qualified employees could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
We face significant competition in the marketplace.
In the enterprise data and voice markets, we compete chiefly with various divisions of BT, Cable & Wireless and Verizon (previously MCI). In the carrier data and voice markets, we compete primarily with BT, Cable & Wireless and Verizon which, on a combined basis, have a majority of the market share for these services. Concerning the government and rail sectors in particular, our principal competitors are Cable & Wireless and BT. Other competitors include COLT, Virgin Media (formerly NTL), Afiniti (previously Kingston), Vanco and Thus. Depending on the type of customer, we will compete on the basis of level of service, quality of technology and price. Our network reach, which includes not only the ability to connect with customers but also the ability to decrease the distance between enterprise entities and their point of interconnection with our network, is also a significant factor that determines our ability to compete for customers in the enterprise sector. The level of competition we face could lead to a reduction in our revenues and margins as well as other material adverse effects on our business, operations and financial condition.
Technological advances and regulatory changes are eroding traditional barriers between formerly distinct telecommunications markets, which could increase the competition we face and put downward pressure on prices.
The communications industry is subject to rapid and significant changes in technology. The introduction of new products or technologies, as well as the further development of existing products and technologies by our competitors, are blurring the distinctions between traditional and emerging telecommunications markets. This may reduce the cost or increase the supply of some services that are similar to the products we provide. Our most significant competitors in the future may be new entrants to the communications and information services industry. These new entrants may not be burdened by an installed base of existing equipment that may be required to be updated or replaced. Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and adapt to technological changes in a timely manner. Technological changes, the resulting competition from existing competitors or new entrants and the capital expenditure required to adapt to these changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
The Office of Communications (“Ofcom”) the UK regulatory authority, is encouraging new operators to build their own infrastructures to compete with BT. At the same time, BT is constructing a new, IP based network which it refers to as a 21st Century network. At present, it is not clear how operators will connect with this network. There are currently no proposals as to how and at what level BT will charge for access to the network. Regulation has historically provided for the expansion of competition in the marketplace and the subsequent lowering of tariffs charged across the industry. However, there is no way to know what regulatory actions Ofcom and other governmental and regulatory agencies may take in the future. Individually and collectively, these matters could have negative effects on our business, which could materially and adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition.
Many of our competitors have superior resources, which could place us at a cost and price disadvantage.
Many of our existing and potential competitors have significant competitive advantages, including greater market presence, name recognition and financial, technological and personnel resources, superior engineering and marketing capabilities, more ubiquitous network reach, and significantly larger installed customer bases. As a result, many of our competitors can raise capital at a lower cost than we can, and they may be able to adapt more swiftly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities (including regulatory changes) more readily, and devote greater resources to the development, marketing and sale of products and services than we can. Also, our competitors’ greater brand name recognition may require us to price our services at lower levels in order to win business. Our competitors’ financial advantages may give them the ability to reduce their prices for an extended period of time if they so choose. Many of these advantages are expected to increase with the recent trend toward consolidation by large industry participants. Any of these events, or a combination thereof, could materially and adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition.
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Our revenue is concentrated in a limited number of customers.
A significant portion of our revenue comes from a limited number of customers. For example, 64.9% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006 came from our ten top customers. The public sector generated 37.1% of our revenue and OGCbuying .solutions (Managed Telecom Services) generated 14.7% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006.
If we lose one or more of our major customers, including failing to keep Fibernet’s existing major customers, or if one or more of our major customers significantly decreases use of our services, it may materially and adversely affect our business, operations and financial condition. Our future operating results will depend on the success of these customers and our other large customers, and our success in selling services to them. If we were to lose a significant portion of the revenue from any of our top customers, we would not be able to replace that revenue in the short term.
Our enterprise customer contracts do not provide for committed minimum levels of revenue or services purchased.
With few exceptions, our enterprise contracts do not provide for committed minimum revenues or service usage thresholds. Moreover, many of them contain benchmarking or similar provisions permitting or requiring the periodic renegotiation or adjustment of prices for our services based upon, among other things, changes in market prices within the industry. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that, even with respect to enterprise customer contracts of significant duration, we will be able to maintain per-unit pricing or overall revenue streams at current levels. If unit pricing declines and we are unable to sell additional services to such customers or services to new customers, or commensurately reduce costs, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
We rely on a limited number of third parties for the timely supply of equipment and services and, if we experience problems with delivery from them, our business and operations could suffer.
We depend on a limited number of suppliers and vendors for equipment and services relating to our network infrastructure. If these suppliers or vendors:
| • | | experience financial or technical problems; |
| • | | develop favorable relationships with our competitors; |
| • | | experience interruptions or other problems in their own businesses; or |
| • | | cannot or do not deliver these network components or services on a timely basis, |
our ability to obtain sufficient quantities of the products and services we require to operate our business successfully may be diminished, and our business and operating results could suffer significantly. In certain instances, we may rely on a single supplier that has proprietary technology that has become core to our infrastructure and business. As a result, we have come to rely upon a limited number of network equipment manufacturers and other suppliers, including BT, ECS United Kingdom, Ericsson and Siemens. If we needed to seek alternative suppliers, we may be unable to obtain satisfactory replacement suppliers on economically attractive terms, on a timely basis or at all, which could materially and adversely effect our business, operations and financial condition.
Certain of our governmental enterprise customers periodically review our financial condition.
We continue to provide to and review with the UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office (“FCO”) and OGCbuying.solutions periodic financial information about us and about our parent company. We regard these reviews as part of our ongoing cooperative relationship with some of our most important government customers. However, should the FCO or OGCbuying.solutions or other customers become concerned about our financial stability and therefore our ability to honor our contractual commitments, there may be a material and adverse effect on our business. While customers may not necessarily be able to terminate our contracts with them, they could simply choose not to use services and move to another telecommunications provider and may continue to have such plans. Although we believe there are costs associated with established long-term customers moving services from us to another provider, the FCO and OGCbuying.solutions had established contingency plans to transfer telecommunications services from us to another provider or take the management of the service in-house at the time of our parent company’s reorganization. They could rely upon such contingency plans to assist them in the orderly transition of services. The reduction in, or cessation of, the use of our services by any of our major customers would have a material adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
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Many of our most important government customers have the right to either terminate their contracts with us if a change of control occurs or to reduce the services they purchase from us.
Many of our government contracts contain broad change of control provisions that permit the customer to terminate the contract in the event that we undergo a change of control. A termination in many instances gives rise to other rights of the government customer, including, in some cases, the right to purchase certain of our assets used in servicing those contracts. Certain change of control provisions may be triggered when any lender (other than a bank lender in the normal course of business) or one or a group of holders of the Notes would have the right to control us or the majority of our assets upon any event, including upon bankruptcy. If the holders of the Notes have the right to control us or the majority of our assets upon such event, it could be deemed to be a change of control of us. In addition, if STT’s ownership interest in GCL falls below certain levels, it could be deemed to be an indirect change of control of us. See Item 7.B. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—The Security Arrangement Agreement.” This could include a situation in which (assuming the sale or transfer of its equity interests or dilution thereof) STT sells or transfers all or a portion of the $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of mandatory convertible notes, due December 2008, issued by GCL concurrently with the completion of the offering of the Initial Notes. In addition, most of our government contracts do not include minimum usage guarantees. Thus the applicable customers could simply choose not to use our services and move to another telecommunications provider. If any of our significant government contracts are terminated as a result of a change of control or otherwise, or if the applicable customers were to significantly reduce the services they purchase under these contracts, we could experience a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
Insolvency could lead to termination of certain of our contracts.
The lease to us by Network Rail (which owns the United Kingdom’s railway infrastructure) of fiber optic cable and ancillary equipment and our capacity purchase agreement with them which enables our use of the copper cable and private automatic branch exchanges equipment (“PABXs”) which we use to deliver managed voice services to the train operating companies, comprise a key set of contractual documents in our relationship with Network Rail. The deed of grant is a related agreement that gives us wayleave rights until at least 2046 that permit us to maintain existing leased and owned fiber and network equipment and to lay new fiber and install new equipment, subject to specified payments to Network Rail. If we become insolvent, Network Rail becomes entitled, but not obligated, with certain exceptions, to terminate the lease, the capacity purchase agreement and the related deed of grant described above. Certain of our other enterprise contracts, including many of our government contracts, contain clauses entitling the counterparty to terminate should we become insolvent. Some of these contracts contain similar termination provisions that would apply if a direct or indirect parent company of us, including GCL, becomes insolvent. The loss of rights under the lease with Network Rail, the deed of grant, the capacity purchase agreement or any of the significant enterprise contracts containing similar termination provisions could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial conditions.
Slower than anticipated adoption by customers of our next generation IP-based products
While we are seeing an increasing rate of growth in demand for our next generation IP-based products, this demand has not to date occurred at a level that has allowed us to take full advantage of the investments we have made in this technology. Although we believe demand will continue to grow, it may take us longer than we originally anticipated to recover our initial investment. This could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
The operation, administration, maintenance and repair of our systems are subject to risks that could lead to disruptions in our services and the failure of our systems to operate as intended for their full design lives.
Our telecommunications systems, and those of our parent, are subject to the risks inherent in large-scale, complex fiber optic telecommunications systems. The operation, administration, maintenance and repair of these systems require the coordination and integration of sophisticated and highly specialized hardware and software technologies and equipment located throughout the world. These systems may not continue to function as expected in a cost-effective manner. The failure of the hardware or software to function as required could render a cable system unable to perform at design specifications.
Each of our terrestrial systems has a design life of at least 20 years, while each of our parent’s subsea systems generally have a design life of 25 years. The economic lives of these systems, however, may be shorter than their design lives, and we cannot provide any assurances as to the actual useful life of any of these systems.
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A number of factors will ultimately affect the useful life of each of our systems, including, among other things, quality of construction, unexpected damage or deterioration and technological or economic obsolescence.
Interruptions in service or performance problems, for whatever reason, could undermine confidence in our services and cause us to lose customers or make it more difficult to attract new ones. In addition, because many of our services are critical to our customers’ businesses, a significant interruption in service could result in lost profits or other loss to customers. Although we attempt to disclaim liability for these losses in our service agreements, we are not always able to do so and, even where we are able to include such provisions, a court might not enforce a limitation on liability under certain conditions, which could expose us to financial loss. In addition, we often provide customers with guaranteed service level commitments. If we are unable to meet these guaranteed service level commitments for whatever reason, we may be obligated to provide our customers with credits, generally in the form of free service for a short period of time, with a resultant reduction in revenue, which could negatively affect our operating results.
Our business requires the continued development of effective business support systems to implement customer orders and to provide and bill for services and manage access costs.
Our business depends on our ability to continue to develop effective business support systems. This is a complicated undertaking requiring significant resources and expertise and support from third-party vendors. We need business support systems for:
| • | | implementing customer orders for services; |
| • | | provisioning, installing and delivering these services; |
| • | | timely billing for these services; and |
| • | | ensuring that we manage access costs efficiently. |
We need these business support systems to expand and adapt to our continued growth. We have generally been successful in moving customers to new services, and we therefore face a continuing challenge as business support systems become outdated and expensive to maintain, and the support available to them becomes limited. We have utilized and will continue to utilize the business support systems developed or maintained by our parent and its affiliates. Our parent and its affiliates are developing and upgrading the business support systems globally. We are closely involved in this effort and will benefit from certain of the enhancements in the global business support systems in our business in the UK. We can not assure you, however, that the development and upgrade of the global business support systems will be successful, will be timely completed, or will satisfy the specific needs of our business. This could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
Our parent company can influence us because it indirectly owns all of our common stock
Our parent company indirectly owns 100% of our share capital. Because our parent’s interests may differ from ours, actions our parent takes as a stockholder with respect to us may not be favorable to us or to holders of our Notes. Although we put into place upon the closing of the offering of the Initial Notes operational agreements to address the relationship between us and our parent, we remain somewhat dependent on our parent’s decisions regarding corporate strategies, its financial performance and other factors which may affect our parent as our sole stockholder. Also, the interests of our parent’s controlling stockholder, STT, may differ from ours. STT might impose certain strategic and other decisions on us through their control of our parent. We can offer no assurance that the interests of our parent or STT will not conflict with the interests of the holders of our Notes regarding these matters.
In addition to our operational agreements, our parent company can influence what we do with available cash flow. For example, during 2003 and 2004, we periodically upstreamed a portion of our cash on hand and operating cash flow to our parent company and its affiliates to repay loans. Although we did not upstream any cash in 2005, in 2006 we upstreamed $80.8 million via intercompany loans, $30.4 million of which were repaid in 2006. It is possible that our parent company may use us as a source of funding, subject to the terms of the Indenture and applicable restrictions under English law, and that we will continue to upstream available cash to fund our parent’s and its subsidiaries’ operations. The terms of the Indenture permit certain upstream payments including, subject to certain restrictions, upstreaming at least 50% of our designated cash flow, as defined in the Indenture.
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Certain of our directors and officers may have conflicts of interest because of their ownership of, or options to purchase or other rights to receive, our parent’s stock
Some of our directors and officers own or have options to purchase or other rights to receive, our parent’s common stock and participate in our parent company’s incentive compensation programs. This could create, or appear to create, potential conflicts of interest when our directors and officers are faced with decisions that could have different implications for our parent than they do for us. Such directors and officers may not be liable to us or our stockholders for a breach of any fiduciary duty as one of our directors and officers by reason of the fact that our parent or any of its affiliates pursues or acquires a corporate opportunity for itself, directs a corporate opportunity to another person or such director or officer does not communicate information regarding such corporate opportunity to us, each of which could eventuality could have a material and adverse effect on our business, operations and financial condition.
Our business may be disrupted due to the sharing of corporate and operational services with our parent, and these and other arrangements with our parent may not be sustained on the same terms.
We are a wholly-owned, indirect subsidiary of our parent and have received, and will receive in the future, corporate and operational services from our parent and its affiliates. In connection with the offering of the Initial Notes, we entered into a series of agreements formalizing the agreements under which we receive these services. See Item 7.B. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Inter-company Agreements.” We rely, and will continue to rely, on our parent and its affiliates to maintain the integrity of these services. Under certain circumstances, the pricing formulas may change for these services and, in other instances, our parent may cease to provide these services, including by terminating the agreements on one year’s prior notice. In the event our parent discontinues providing these services, there can be no assurance that we could obtain them on the same terms. Moreover, deterioration in the financial situation of our parent may adversely affect our ability to operate due to our reliance on our parent and its affiliates in some of these areas. This could have a material and adverse affect on our business, operations and financial condition.
If any transfers of assets to us by our parent or its other subsidiaries are deemed to be fraudulent conveyances, we may be required to return such assets to our parent or its other subsidiaries.
If any transfers of assets to us by our parent or its other subsidiaries are found to be fraudulent conveyances, we may be required to return such assets to our parent or its other subsidiaries or may be held liable to our parent or its other subsidiaries or their creditors for damages alleged to have resulted from the conveyances. A court could hold a transfer to be a fraudulent conveyance if our parent or its other subsidiaries received less than reasonably equivalent value and our parent or its other subsidiaries were insolvent at the time of the transfer, were rendered insolvent by the transfer or were left with unreasonably small capital to engage in its business. A transfer may also be held to be a fraudulent conveyance if it was made to hinder, delay or defraud creditors. US courts have held that liabilities that are unknown, or that are known to exist but whose magnitude is not fully appreciated at the time of the transfer, may be taken into account in the context of a future determination of insolvency. This could make it very difficult to know whether a transferor is solvent at the time of transfer and would increase the risk that a transfer may be found to be a fraudulent conveyance in the future.
Terrorist attacks or other acts of violence or war may adversely affect the financial markets and our business.
Significant terrorist attacks against the UK, the United States or other countries in which we or group companies operate are possible. It is possible that our physical facilities or network control systems could be the target of such attacks, or that such attacks could impact other telecommunications companies or infrastructure or the internet in a manner that disrupts our operations. Terrorist attacks (or threats of attack) could also lead to volatility or illiquidity in world financial markets and could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or otherwise adversely affect the economy. These events could adversely affect our business and our ability to obtain financing on favorable terms. In addition, it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain adequate insurance for losses incurred as a result of terrorist attacks at reasonable rates; in some cases, such insurance may not be available. Uninsured losses as a result of terrorist attacks could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our onerous lease provision represents a material liability the calculation of which involves significant estimation.
We have engaged in restructuring activities, which require us to make significant judgments and estimates in determining restructuring charges, including, but not limited to, sublease income or disposal costs, length of
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time on market for abandoned rented facilities, and contractual termination costs. Such estimates are inherently judgmental and changes in such estimates, especially as they relate to contractual lease commitments and related anticipated third-party sublease payments, could have a material effect on the onerous lease liabilities and consolidated income statement. We continue to review our anticipated costs and third party sublease payments on a quarterly basis and record adjustments for changes in these estimates in the period such changes become known.
The calculation of our onerous lease provision involves the estimation of receipts from subleases to third parties, including projections of material receipts from subleases to be entered into in the future. Although we believe these estimates to be reasonable, actual sublease receipts could turn out to be materially different than we have estimated.
Risk Related to the Notes and the Structure
Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.
The ability to make payments on our indebtedness, including the Notes, and to fund planned operating and capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors, including other factors discussed above under “—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry”, that are beyond our control. Similarly, many telecommunications companies, including our old parent company, have defaulted on debt securities and bank loans in recent years and had their equity positions eliminated in bankruptcy reorganizations. This history has led to limited access to the capital markets by companies in our industry. Our access to the capital markets may also be limited in the future if our parent were to become financially distressed.
If our future cash flow from operations and other capital expenditures are insufficient to pay our debt obligations or to fund other liquidity needs, we may be forced to sell assets or attempt to restructure or refinance our existing indebtedness. We may also be required to raise additional debt or equity financing in amounts that could be substantial. We cannot assure our holders of the Notes that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including principal, interest and other amounts due in respect of the Notes. Nor can we assure holders of our Notes that we will generate sufficient cash flow to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion of its debt, including the Notes, on or before maturity. We cannot assure holders of the Notes that we will be able to refinance any of our debt, including the Notes, on commercially reasonable terms if at all.
The holders of the Notes should not rely upon funds from our parent company or its affiliates to service obligations under the Notes.
We have historically served, and in the future may serve, as a source of funding for our parent company and its affiliates. Prior to 2003, we incurred substantial amounts of intercompany indebtedness owed to our parent company and its affiliates. Since the second quarter of 2003, we have periodically made repayments on this indebtedness from our positive cash flow. Moreover, we upstreamed substantially all of the net proceeds of the offering of the Initial Notes on December 20, 2004, through repayment of debt or otherwise, to our parent company and its subsidiaries with the result that as at December 31, 2004 we had a zero intercompany debt balance. The intercompany debt balance remained zero as of December 31, 2005. As of December 31, 2006, there were loans due from affiliates of our parent in the amount of $50.4 million. See “Note 27. Related Parties” to the consolidated financial statements included in this annual report on Form 20-F.
We expect that our parent company may continue to use us as a source of funding, subject to the terms of the Indenture and applicable English law, and that we may, accordingly, continue to upstream available cash to fund our parent’s operations. This may happen in the form of loans or dividends or other distributions. However, it will not be possible for us to pay dividends to our shareholder, an indirect subsidiary of our parent, until such time as our accumulated realized profits exceed our accumulated realized losses. It is anticipated, therefore, that we will not be in a position to pay dividends for some time, and any funds to be upstreamed to our parent would be made by us by way of an intercompany loan. To the extent that these amounts take the form of loans, we are subject to the risk that our parent company and its affiliates will be unable to repay these amounts. The ability of our parent to repay these amounts is predicated upon, among other things, its financial condition and solvency. In addition, under the terms of the indenture governing our parent’s mandatory convertible notes, loans that we make to our parent or its subsidiaries are required to be subordinated to the payment of their obligations to the
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holders of the mandatory convertible notes in the event of a default. Such subordination would restrict our ability to recover amounts under such intercompany loans during periods in which our parent would be experiencing financial difficulties. To the extent that these amounts take the form of dividends or other corporate distributions, there will be no obligation at all on the part of our parent company or its affiliates to repay these amounts. Although the terms of the Indenture restrict our ability to upstream amounts to our parent company and its affiliates in the future, these restrictions are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions that are described in the Indenture. The terms of the Indenture permit certain upstream payments including, subject to certain restrictions, upstreaming at least 50% of our designated cash flow, as defined in the Indenture.
Accordingly, we cannot assure holders of our Notes that we will have any access to funds from our parent company or its affiliates and the holders of the Notes, therefore, should not rely upon funds from them to service obligations under the Notes.
The restrictive covenants in the Indenture or future debt instruments may limit our operating flexibility. Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in defaults under the Indenture and any future debt instruments even though we may be able to meet our debt service obligations.
The Indenture imposes significant operating and financial restrictions on us. These restrictions significantly limit, among other things, our ability to:
| • | | incur or guarantee additional indebtedness and issue certain preferred stock; |
| • | | engage in layering of debt; |
| • | | make certain payments, including dividends or other distributions, with respect to our shares or our restricted subsidiaries’ shares (save for dividends or other distributions by a restricted subsidiary to us or another restricted subsidiary); |
| • | | prepay or redeem subordinated debt or equity; |
| • | | make certain investments; |
| • | | create encumbrances or restrictions on the payment of dividends or other distributions, loans or advances to us by our restricted subsidiaries or on the transfer of assets to us by any of our restricted subsidiaries; |
| • | | sell, lease or transfer certain assets, including stock of restricted subsidiaries; |
| • | | engage in certain transactions with affiliates; |
| • | | enter into unrelated businesses; and |
| • | | consolidate or merge with other entities. |
All these limitations are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. See “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Indebtedness”. These covenants could limit our ability to finance our future operations and capital needs and our ability to pursue business opportunities and activities that may in our interest.
Any future debt instruments may also contain similar or more restrictive provisions that may affect our ability to engage in certain transactions in the future. Although the indenture governing the mandatory convertible notes of our parent does not restrict us from engaging in transactions that are not restricted by the Indenture governing the Notes, the indenture for the mandatory convertible notes may be amended without the consent of the holders of our Notes. It is possible that amendments to the indenture governing the mandatory convertible notes could restrict our operating flexibility or conflict with the provisions or covenants in the Indenture governing the Notes, which in each case could be in ways that are adverse to the holders of the Notes.
The restrictions in the Indenture governing the Notes and such other restrictions could limit our ability to obtain future financing, incur capital expenditures, withstand a future downturn in our business or the economy in general or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities that may arise. If we fail to comply with these restrictions, the holders of our Notes, or lenders under any future debt instrument, could declare a default under the terms of the relevant debt, even though we are able to meet debt service obligations and this could cause certain of our debt to become immediately due and payable. If our parent company or the guarantors of the mandatory convertible notes fail to comply with the terms of those notes, then the holders of those notes could declare a default. A declaration of default under the mandatory convertible notes would have a material adverse effect on our parent, and consequently, would be likely to have a material adverse effect on us.
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If a creditor accelerated any debt, we cannot assure holders of our Notes that we would have sufficient funds available, or that we would have access to sufficient capital from other sources, to repay the debt. Even if we could obtain additional financing, we cannot assure holders of our Notes that the terms would be favorable to us. If we default on any secured debt, the secured creditors could foreclose on their liens. As a result, any event of default could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition and could prevent us from paying amounts due under the Notes.
Holders of the mandatory convertible notes have certain rights relating to and affecting the Notes.
A security arrangement agreement governs certain rights and obligations between holders of the mandatory convertible notes and the holders of the Notes. See Item 7.B. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—The Security Arrangement Agreement.” An affiliate of STT is the current holder of all of the mandatory convertible notes. In particular, this agreement provides that the security documents for the Notes are subject to a restriction on the exercise of remedies. Specifically, no holder of the Notes or anyone acting on a holder of the Notes behalf can dispose of the Issuer’s or our assets pursuant to an enforcement action unless:
| • | | all of our assets or all of the Issuer’s assets, as the case may be, are sold; |
| • | | the sale is for cash consideration payable at the closing of the transaction; |
| • | | all claims of all holders of the Notes are unconditionally released and discharged concurrently with that sale and all liens for the benefit of the holders are unconditionally released and discharged; and |
| • | | the sale is made pursuant to a public auction or for fair market value (taking into account the circumstances giving rise to such sale) as certified by an independent, internationally recognized investment bank selected by the holders of the mandatory convertible notes. |
These provisions may significantly limit the ability of a holder of our Notes to realize value from a sale of the collateral.
The Indenture governing the Notes provides that if there is a payment default on or an acceleration of the Notes, or in the case of certain enforcement events, then on giving not less than 10 business days’ notice, STT (or one of its affiliates) for so long as it, together with its affiliates, holds not less than 50% of the then outstanding aggregate amount of the mandatory convertible notes may, but is not required to, purchase the Notes from the holders of the Notes at a price equal to 100% of principal amount of the Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The Issuer is a subsidiary that was initially formed for the purpose of facilitating the issuance of the Initial Notes and has limited assets and revenue generating operations. The Issuer will be dependent upon GCUK to provide it with funds sufficient to meet its obligations under the Notes.
The Issuer was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of GCUK for the purpose of facilitating the issuance of the Initial Notes. The Issuer has no operations and does not serve as a holding company for any operating subsidiaries. The intercompany loans funded with the proceeds from the Initial Notes and with the proceeds of the Additional Notes are the Issuer’s only significant assets. As such, the Issuer will be wholly dependent upon us to make payments on the inter-company loan or to make other funding arrangements in order for it to pay amounts due on the Notes.
A significant portion of our assets will not be pledged for the benefit of the holders of the Notes. The collateral securing the Notes, and the Guarantees may be diluted under certain circumstances. The value of the collateral securing the Notes and the Guarantees may not be sufficient to satisfy our obligations with regards to the holders of our Notes.
The Notes will be secured by certain of our assets and the assets of the Issuer, including the capital stock of GCUK’s subsidiaries, the Issuer and Fibernet. However, a significant portion of our assets will not serve as collateral for the Notes. In particular, we will not pledge:
| • | | certain parts of the network leased by us, including any telecommunications cables and other equipment under a finance lease with Network Rail under which we lease approximately 24% of our lit fiber (calculated by fiber kilometers); |
| • | | any rights, title, interest or obligations under certain specified excluded contracts, including (i) any contract in which our counterparty is a UK governmental entity and (ii) any contract in which our |
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| counterparty is a contractor or subcontractor to a UK governmental entity (these excluded contracts include those with the FCO, OGCbuying.solutions and other important customers); |
| • | | any equipment or assets owned by us located on the premises of the parties to excluded contracts and any equipment or assets used exclusively by us in connection with the provision of services and the performance of obligations under such contracts; |
| • | | property that we have pledged to Camelot in connection to our relationship with them; or |
| • | | any contract or agreement (or rights or interests thereunder) which, if charged, would constitute a breach or default or result in the invalidation or unenforceability of any rights, title or interest of the chargor under such contract or agreement. |
Because these exceptions to the pledge mean that security will not be given over all or substantially all of our assets, the collateral agent will not be able to appoint either an administrative receiver or an administrator via an out of court procedure as a holder of a qualifying floating charge. The option to appoint an administrator by this route would likely otherwise have been available under applicable English insolvency law. The option to appoint an administrative receiver would also likely otherwise have been available under applicable English insolvency law for “Capital Market Arrangement” transactions as defined in the Insolvency Act 1986.
Moreover, the collateral that secures the Notes and the Guarantees may also secure additional debt to the extent permitted by the terms of the Indenture governing the Notes, including any further additional notes governed by the Indenture. The rights of the holders of the Notes to the collateral would be diluted by any increase in the debt secured by the collateral, including debt represented by additional notes issued under the Indenture.
Concurrent with the issue of the Initial Notes we entered into a five-year cross-currency interest rate swap transaction with an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. to minimize exposure to any dollar/sterling currency fluctuations related to interest payments on the dollar-denominated ($200 million) Initial Notes. The swap transaction converts the US dollar currency rate on interest payments to a specified pound sterling rate. At December 31, 2006 there was a liability of £2.7 million and an unrealized loss of £2.6 million on the swap. In connection with the swap transaction, the affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. was granted a security interest in the collateral securing the Notes ranking equally with the security interest of the holders of the Notes. The security interest secures all obligations owed to the affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. if a default occurs on the swap transaction or if the swap transaction is terminated. Depending on prevailing currency exchange rates, these obligations may be substantial. Any proceeds resulting from the exercise of security interests in the collateral will be shared pro rata among it and the holders of the Notes.
The value of the collateral and the amount to be received upon a sale of such collateral will depend upon many factors including, among others:
| • | | the condition of the collateral; |
| • | | the ability to sell the collateral in an orderly sale; |
| • | | factors then affecting the telecommunications industry; |
| • | | the condition of the economy; |
| • | | the availability of buyers; |
| • | | the time at which the collateral is sold; and |
| • | | the market price for assets that are similar to the collateral. |
By their nature, portions of the collateral, including pledged capital stock of GCUK’s subsidiaries and real property and real property rights, may be illiquid and may have no readily ascertainable market value. In addition, a significant portion of the collateral consists of assets that may only be usable, and thus retain value, as part of our existing operating business. For example, although the collateral includes the portion of our fiber optic cable network that we own and that we are not prohibited by contract to pledge, it does not include the portion of our fiber optic cable network that is subject to the lease from Network Rail. Furthermore, although the collateral includes certain of our premises and other equipment that we are not prohibited by contract to pledge, it does not include such equipment that is subject to a right to purchase by certain of our government agency end-users. Accordingly, any such sale of the collateral separate from the sale of certain operating businesses may not be feasible or of significant value. To the extent that holders of other secured debt or third parties enjoy liens
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(including statutory liens), whether or not permitted by the Indenture, such holders or third parties may have rights and remedies with respect to the collateral securing the Notes and the Guarantees that, if exercised, could reduce proceeds available to satisfy the obligations under the Notes and the Guarantees.
The ability of the collateral agent to foreclose on the secured property may be limited.
Bankruptcy law could prevent the collateral agent on behalf of the holders of the Notes from repossessing and disposing of the collateral upon the occurrence of an event of default; if the Issuer, the Guarantors or their respective creditors commence a bankruptcy proceeding before the collateral agent repossesses and disposes of the collateral. Under bankruptcy laws in certain jurisdictions, including the United States, secured creditors such as the holders of the Notes are prohibited from repossessing their security from a debtor in a bankruptcy case, or from disposing of security repossessed from such debtor, without bankruptcy court approval. It is impossible to predict how long payments under the Notes could be delayed following commencement of a bankruptcy case, and to what extent such payments would be made, and whether or when the collateral agent could repossess or dispose of the collateral or whether or to what extent a holder of the Notes would be compensated for any delay in payment or loss of value of the collateral.
We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to finance a change of control offer upon the occurrence of certain events constituting a change of control as required by the Indenture.
Upon the occurrence of a “change of control”, as defined in the Indenture, the Issuer will be required to make an offer to purchase all outstanding Notes at a price in cash equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus any accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase. Events involving a change of control may result in an event of default under any other debt that may be incurred in the future. This could result in an acceleration of the payment of that debt as well. We cannot assure holders of our Notes that the Issuer would have sufficient resources to repurchase the Notes or pay its obligations under the Notes or that we would have sufficient resources to do so if the debt under any other future debt were accelerated upon the occurrence of a change of control. If a change of control occurs at a time when we or the Issuer are prohibited from purchasing the Notes under any other debt agreements, we or the Issuer could seek the consent of any lenders to purchase the Notes or could attempt to refinance the borrowings that prohibit our repurchase of the Notes. If we or the Issuer do not obtain that consent or repay the borrowings, the prohibition from purchasing the Notes would remain. In addition, we expect that we would require third-party financing to make an offer to repurchase the Notes upon a change of control. We cannot assure you that we would be able to obtain such financing. Any failure by the Issuer to repurchase any of the tendered Notes would constitute an event of default under the Indenture, which would likely cause a default under any other indebtedness.
The change of control provision contained in the Indenture governing the Notes may not necessarily afford you protection in the event of certain important corporate events, including a reorganization, restructuring, merger or other similar transaction involving us that may adversely affect you, because such corporate events may not involve a shift in voting power or beneficial ownership or, even if they do, may not constitute a “change of control” as defined in the Indenture. Except for the exceptions and qualifications that are described in the Indenture governing the Notes, the Indenture governing the Notes does not contain provisions that require us to offer to repurchase or redeem the Notes in the event of a reorganization, restructuring, merger, recapitalization or similar transaction.
The definition of “change of control” contained in the Indenture governing the Notes includes a disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of GCUK and its restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole to any person. Although there is limited body of US case law interpreting the phrase “all or substantially all,” there is no precise established definition of the phrase under applicable US law. Accordingly, in certain circumstances there may be a degree of uncertainty as to whether a particular transaction would involve a disposition of “all or substantially all” of the assets of GCUK and its restricted subsidiaries taken as a whole. As a result, it may be unclear as to whether a change of control has occurred and whether the Issuer is required to make an offer to repurchase the Notes.
We could be substantively consolidated into a bankruptcy proceeding with our parent company or its subsidiaries if it were to seek protection from its creditors in bankruptcy.
Substantive consolidation is a doctrine used by courts in the United States to treat the assets and liabilities of different, but related, entities as though a single merged entity held those assets and liabilities in order to ensure the equitable treatment of all creditors. Under existing case law, application of the doctrine of substantive
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consolidation does not affect the interests of secured creditors in the collateral securing their claims. The case law applying the doctrine generally states that courts should use it sparingly because of the inequities that could result from its application, including the harm its invocation could cause to creditors who relied on the separate legal existence of any of the entities being consolidated in extending credit to that entity.
Different courts purport to follow different tests in the application of the doctrine, but in the majority of jurisdictions, the application of the doctrine is fact intensive and requires the consideration of factors, among others, such as whether creditors relied on the separate legal existence of one of the entities sought to be consolidated in extending credit and the manner in which the entities conducted themselves, both as a legal matter (for example, whether corporate formalities were followed) and as a business matter (for example, whether the entities held themselves out as separate and distinct entities instead of a single, integrated business entity). Some jurisdictions also consider, among other things, whether the benefits of consolidation to the combined creditor pool outweigh the harm that consolidation may cause.
If our parent company were the subject of a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy proceedings in the United States, it or its other subsidiaries or their creditors could seek to have a US court substantively consolidate our assets and liabilities with those of our parent company or its other subsidiaries. Based on existing facts, we believe that any effort to substantively consolidate us with our parent company or its other subsidiaries would be without merit. However, as the application of the doctrine is fact-intensive, such applications may take into account both facts existing as of the date of this annual report and subsequent facts (such as the manner in which the legal affairs of our parent and its subsidiaries are conducted). If a US court were to substantively consolidate us with our parent company or its other subsidiaries and, in the event that:
| • | | the claims of the holders of the Notes were under secured; or |
| • | | the court held that the substantive consolidation would not give effect to the security interests and liens in favor of the Notes to the same extent (or at least not to a lesser extent) as such security interests and liens would have been enforced without consolidation, |
then there could be a material adverse effect on our ability to make payments on the Notes.
Holders of the Notes may have difficulty enforcing their rights across multiple jurisdictions.
The Issuer and each Guarantor is incorporated in England. Our parent company is incorporated under the laws of Bermuda and has substantial ties to the United States and its other subsidiaries are incorporated in various jurisdictions. In the event that any one of the Issuer, any Guarantor, our parent company or any of its subsidiaries experiences financial difficulty, it is not possible to predict with certainty the jurisdiction or jurisdictions in which insolvency or similar proceedings would be commenced or the outcome of such proceedings.
If a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar event occurs, there could be proceedings involving our parent company or its subsidiaries in England, Bermuda, the United States or elsewhere and it is possible that we could be made a part of these proceedings. Multi-jurisdictional proceedings are likely to be complex and costly for creditors and otherwise may result in greater uncertainty and delay regarding the enforcement of the holders of the Notes rights. The rights of the holders of the Notes under the Notes and the Guarantees could be subject to the insolvency and administrative laws of several jurisdictions, and therefore we cannot assure holders of the Notes that they will be able to effectively enforce their rights in such complex multiple bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceedings.
In addition, the bankruptcy, insolvency, administrative and other laws of these various jurisdictions may be materially different from, or be in conflict with, one another and those with which holders of the Notes may be familiar, including in the areas of the rights of creditors, the priority of governmental and other creditors, the ability to obtain post-petition interest and the duration of the proceedings. These laws may also not be as favorable to the interests of the holders of the Notes as the laws with which they may be familiar. The application of these laws, or any conflict among them, could call into question whether any particular jurisdiction’s laws should apply and could adversely affect the ability of the holders of the Notes to enforce their rights under the Notes and the Guarantees in the relevant jurisdictions or limit any amounts that they may receive.
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US federal and state statues could allow courts, under specific circumstances, to void the Guarantees and require holders of Notes to return payments received from the Guarantors, or the Guarantees may be otherwise limited by applicable laws or subject to certain procedures that could limit or prevent the Guarantors from making payments under the Guarantees.
Each Guarantee provides the holders of Notes with a direct claim against the relevant Guarantor. However, a Guarantor (other than GCUK) may be released from its Guarantee at any time upon certain transfers by GCUK or its restricted subsidiaries, of all capital stock of such Guarantor in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture governing the Notes. In addition, in some other circumstances, a Guarantor may be released from its subsidiary Guarantee in connection with our designation of such Guarantor as an unrestricted subsidiary.
In addition, the enforcement of such Guarantee against each of the Guarantors would be subject to certain defenses generally available in connection with guarantees. These laws and defenses include those that relate to fraudulent conveyance or transfer, bankruptcy claw-back, corporate purpose, conflicts of interest, or similar laws, regulations or defenses affecting the rights of creditors generally.
Under the US federal bankruptcy law and comparable provisions of state fraudulent transfer laws, a guarantee could be voided, or claims in respect of a guarantee could be subordinated to all other debts of that guarantor if, among other things, the guarantor, at the time it incurred the indebtedness evidenced by its guarantee:
| • | | received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration for the incurrence of such guarantee; or |
| • | | was insolvent or rendered insolvent by reason of such incurrence; or |
| • | | was engaged in a business or transaction for which the guarantor’s remaining assets constituted unreasonably small capital; or |
| • | | intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature. |
In addition, any payment by that guarantor pursuant to its guarantee could be voided and required to be returned to the guarantor, or to a fund for the benefit of the creditors of the guarantor.
The measures of insolvency for purposes of these fraudulent transfer laws will vary depending upon the law applied in any proceeding to determine whether a fraudulent transfer has occurred. Generally, however, a guarantor would be considered insolvent if:
| • | | the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, was greater than the fair saleable value of all of its assets; or |
| • | | if the present fair saleable value of its assets was less than the amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and mature; or |
| • | | it could not pay its debts as they become due. |
On the basis of historical financial information, recent operating history and other factors, we believe that each Guarantor, after giving effect to its Guarantee of these Notes, will not be insolvent, will not have unreasonably small capital for the business in which it is engaged and will not have incurred debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature. We cannot assure you, however, as to what standard a court would apply in making these determinations or that a court would agree with our conclusions in this regard. In the event that any Guarantee obligation is clawed-back or deemed to be invalid or unenforceable, you would cease to have any claim against the relevant Guarantor and would be a creditor solely of the Issuer, or would have a reduced claim against such Guarantor.
English insolvency laws may limit the ability of holders of the Notes to recover amounts due on the Notes and the Guarantees.
Because the Issuer and each of the Guarantors are UK-registered corporations and our respective centers of main interest (as referred to in the EC Regulations on Insolvency Proceedings 2000, or European Insolvency Regulations) are in England, any insolvency proceedings by or directed against us are likely to be pursuant to English laws (although, as mentioned in “—Holders of the Notes may have difficulty enforcing their rights
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across multiple jurisdictions” we cannot exclude the possibility that, given our parent company’s ties to the United States, the US bankruptcy code might apply). Due to the nature of English insolvency laws, the claims of the holders of the Notes against the Issuer and, under each Guarantee, each Guarantor, and their ability to protect their interests will be affected in a different manner and by different factors than they would be under US bankruptcy law. Although both systems have as a basic principle the fair distribution of a company’s assets among its creditors, there are differences between the two systems. Creditors who benefit from a fixed charge may be able to realize the relevant asset by the appointment of a receiver. The charge securing the Notes is a fixed charge over certain assets and a floating charge over certain of the other assets.
Under English law, certain claims receive priority over claims secured by way of a floating charge, including contributions to occupational pension plans, salaries owed to employees, and administration and liquidation expenses. Obligations owed to the HM Revenue & Customs (“HMRC”) (into which Her Majesty’s Customs and Excise and the Inland Revenue merged), rank alongside all other unsecured creditors of an insolvent company.
Where the property of a company is subject to a floating charge and the company enters into a formal insolvency process, the insolvency practitioner is obligated to “ring-fence” a proportion of assets covered by that floating charge for distribution to the company’s unsecured creditors. Such proportion will not be available for distribution to holders of a floating charge over those assets except to the extent that the amount exceeds the amount required to satisfy unsecured debts. The proportion which will be set aside is 50% of the first £10,000 and 20% of property exceeding £10,000, to a maximum ring-fenced amount of £600,000.
Under the relevant English insolvency statute, the English courts may, on an application by the company, the directors of the company or one or more creditors, make an administration order in respect of an English company if the court is satisfied that the company is or is likely to become unable to pay its debts and that one of the statutory objectives specified in the legislation may be met by the making of the order. These are: (i) an administrator must perform his functions with the objective of rescuing the company as a going concern; or (ii) achieving a better result for the company’s creditors as a whole than would be likely if the company were wound up (without first being in administration); or (iii) realizing property in order to make a distribution to one or more secured or preferential creditors. The administrator must perform his functions in the interests of the creditors, as a whole. During the administration, no proceedings or other legal process may be commenced or continued against the debtor, except with the leave of the court or the consent of the administrator. If either we or the Issuer were to commence administration proceedings, the Notes and the Guarantees could not be enforced while in administration without having obtained such permission.
The holder of a floating charge relating to the whole or substantially the whole of the company’s property, or the company itself or its directors may place a company into administration using an out-of-court procedure. The trustee will not hold such a charge, will not be entitled to commence an administration out of court and will not be given prior notice of the making of, or an intention to make, an administration order.
A liquidator or an administrator has the power to challenge transactions of the company if the company is insolvent at the “relevant time” (as set out below) or becomes insolvent as the result of the transaction in question.
A company enters into a transaction with a person at an undervalue if, at a time in the period of two years ending with the onset of the insolvency of the company:
| • | | the company makes a gift to that person; |
| • | | the company enters into a transaction with that person on terms that provide for the company to receive no consideration; or |
| • | | the company enters into a transaction with that person for a consideration the value of which, in money or money’s worth, is significantly less than the value in money or money’s worth of the consideration provided by the company. |
An administrator or liquidator of the company may apply to the court where there is shown to have been a transaction at an undervalue, and the court may make an order to restore the position to what it would have been if the company had not entered into the transaction (unless the court is satisfied that the company that entered into the transaction did so in good faith and for the purpose of carrying on its business, and that, at the time it did so, there were reasonable grounds for believing that the transaction would benefit the company).
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If there has been a transaction at an undervalue and it can be shown that the transaction was undertaken in order to put the company’s assets beyond the reach of a potential creditor (otherwise known as a transaction defrauding creditors), it is also possible for an administrator or liquidator, or any other person who has been prejudiced by the transaction (which includes creditors of the company), to make an application to the court. There is no time limit for such an application. In such circumstances, the court may make such order as to restore the position to that which it would have been and to protect the interests of creditors who would be prejudiced.
If the liquidator or administrator can show that the company has given a “preference” to any person at a time in the period of six months ending with the onset of liquidation or administration (or at a time in the period of two years ending with the onset of the insolvency of the company if the preference is to a person with specified affiliations with the company) and, at the time of the preference, the company was technically insolvent or became so as a result of the preferential transaction, a court has the power, among other things, to void the preferential transaction.
For these purposes, a company gives preference to a person if that person is one of the company’s creditors (or a surety or guarantor for any of the company’s debts or liabilities) and the company takes an action that has the effect of putting that person into a position which, in the event of the company going into insolvent liquidation, will be better than the position that person would have been in if that action had not been taken. The court may not make an order avoiding a preferential transaction unless it is satisfied that the company was influenced by a desire to put that person in a better position. If a court were to find that payments on the Notes or the Guarantees are preferences, this provision of English law may lead to an adjustment of our and the Issuer’s obligations in relation to the Notes.
Where a floating charge is created in favor of any person at a time in the period of twelve months ending with the onset of that company’s insolvency (or at a time in the period of two years ending with the onset of that company’s insolvency if the charge is given in favor of a person with specified affiliations with the company), that floating charge is invalid except to the extent that it has received valuable consideration in return for creating the charge. However, the collateral agent could not appoint an administrator out of court but instead would have to apply to the court to have an administrator appointed. This is because the exceptions to the pledge mean that security will not be given over the whole or substantially the whole of our assets. For the same reason, the collateral agent could not appoint an administrative receiver under the capital markets exception to the prohibition of appointment of an administrative receiver in the UK Insolvency Act 1986. The security documents therefore do not contain provisions dealing with the appointment of an administrator out of court or an administrative receiver.
Under English insolvency law, any debt payable in a currency other than pounds sterling (such as US dollars, in the case of certain of the Notes and the Guarantees) must be converted into pounds sterling at the “official exchange rate” prevailing on the date when the debtor went into liquidation or administration. The “official exchange rate” for these purposes is the middle market exchange rate on the London Foreign Exchange Market at the close of business, as published for the date in question or, if no such rate is published, such rate as the court determines. Accordingly, if we or the Issuer are insolvent, holders of the US dollar-denominated Notes may be subject to exchange rate risk between the date that the Issuer or we went into liquidation and receipt of any amounts to which such holders of Notes may become entitled.
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ITEM 4. | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY |
A. | History and Development of the Company |
Corporate Information
GCUK was incorporated on April 25, 1990 as a limited company under the laws of England and Wales. GC Finance, our finance subsidiary, was incorporated on October 22, 2004 as a limited company under the laws of England and Wales. Fibernet Group Limited (formerly Fibernet Group plc) was incorporated on January 26, 1996, as a limited company under the laws of England and Wales. The address of our registered office is 1 London Bridge, London SE1 9BG, England and our telephone number is +44 845 000 1000. The address of the registered office of our finance subsidiary is 1 London Bridge, London SE1 9BG, England.
Corporate History
We originated as the network services arm of Racal. Racal began operations in fixed line communications in 1988 when the UK government awarded it the contract to establish and maintain the Government Data Network. Through this contract, Racal’s network services business provided managed voice and data services and other communications offerings to numerous UK government departments.
As the volume of this business increased, it made commercial sense for Racal to own its own network infrastructure and assets, allowing it to lower its cost base and provide a platform to offer more advanced services at improved margins. In December 1995, Racal acquired BR Telecommunications, one of the companies that emerged out of the UK railway privatization process. BR Telecommunications owned the rights and assets that Racal considered necessary to create a viable telecommunications company based on the fiber network originally created for the UK national railway, together with associated contracts.
Acquiring BR Telecommunications provided Racal with the opportunity to manage a substantial communications network infrastructure. It also allowed Racal to extend this infrastructure on a cost-effective basis through its long-term wayleave rights over the land of the British Railways Board as well as Network Rail, then called Railtrack, that was the new operator of the national railway infrastructure (although not the trains themselves). In addition, BR Telecommunications brought to Racal a series of medium- and long-term contracts for services provided to the newly privatized national railway infrastructure, as well as to the train operating companies, or TOCs. The addition of these customer contracts significantly increased Racal’s telecommunications customer base.
Leveraging its network assets, Racal was able to market and deliver advanced managed network services to a growing range of customers, while retaining its core focus on the government and rail sectors. Meanwhile, our old parent company was building the world’s largest integrated IP network, based on fiber-optic technology. As part of its overall strategy, our old parent acquired us in November 1999. In addition, as part of our old parent’s acquisition of Frontier Communications in September 1999, we acquired Frontier’s UK businesses, including the termination of national and international voice services, which now constitutes part of our business.
The Fibernet Acquisition
Fibernet Group was founded in 1986 and is based in Basingstoke, England. Historically a competitor as well as one of our largest carrier customers, Fibernet is a provider of specialist telecommunications services in the United Kingdom. Fibernet Group’s customers are typically organizations in the retail, financial services and manufacturing sectors. Fibernet Group also provides services to its service provider customers.
Historically, Fibernet Group classified its customer base into enterprise customers, service provider customers and customers it reaches via its systems partners. Since being acquired by GC Acquisitions, Fibernet Group has reclassified its customer base into enterprise customers and carrier customers, designating its original enterprise customers and its enterprise customers reached via its systems partners as its enterprise customers and designating its original service provider customers and the service provider customers reached via its systems partners as its carrier customers. This new classification will align Fibernet with GCUK’s classification of its enterprise customers and carrier customers. Where we refer to Fibernet’s customers in this annual report, unless the context requires otherwise, we are referring to these new classifications. After the reclassification, Fibernet Group’s enterprise customers represented 48% of its revenue for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006.
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On August 25, 2006, our affiliate, GC Acquisitions, announced a recommended cash offer to acquire the entire issued and outstanding ordinary share capital of Fibernet Group plc. On October 11, 2006 GC Acquisitions announced it had received acceptances of its offer for Fibernet Group plc in respect of approximately 91% of the then existing ordinary share capital and declared the offer for Fibernet Group plc unconditional in all respects.
On October 26, 2006, the members of the then current board of directors of Fibernet Group plc resigned and were replaced by Global Crossing executives. On October 27, 2006, an application was made to the Financial Services Authority for the cancellation of the listing of Fibernet Group plc shares on the London Stock Exchange and for the cancellation of the admission to trading of Fibernet Group plc shares. On November 27, 2006, the Fibernet Group plc shares were de-listed from the London Stock Exchange and are no longer admitted to trading on any public trading market.
On December 7, 2006, our Board of Directors approved the acquisition of Fibernet from GC Acquisitions. On December 12, 2006, GC Acquisitions acquired the remaining outstanding Fibernet Group plc shares through the exercise of its right to acquire the minority shareholdings on a compulsory basis under applicable English law. The aggregate offer consideration for Fibernet Group was approximately £49.8 million. In addition, £2.1 million of costs attributable to the acquisition were incurred, resulting in a total purchase price of £51.9 million.
On December 28, 2006, we announced that the Issuer had completed its offering of the Additional Notes. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the Indenture pursuant to which the Issuer previously issued its Initial Notes.
On December 28, 2006, proceeds from the offering were used to acquire Fibernet from GC Acquisitions and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition. Upon completion of the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet guaranteed the Additional Notes and all other obligations under the Indenture. Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group Limited transferred its German business operations to GCI, by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holdings Limited, and its wholly owned subsidiary Fibernet GmbH, to GCI, for consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet.
At the date of acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet operated a 5,600 route kilometer (3,470 route miles) nationwide fiber optic network in the United Kingdom. This network includes both an intercity network and metropolitan networks in several of the largest cities in the UK. Fibernet’s intercity network operates on substantially the same footprint as GCUK’s and, at the date of acquisition, Fibernet leased 58% of its intercity network from GCUK. Although the acquisition of Fibernet will not significantly increase the reach of GCUK’s intercity network, it will increase the capacity available on that network. Conversely, as GCUK does not currently have extensive metropolitan networks, Fibernet’s metropolitan network will significantly extend GCUK’s reach into many of the UK’s economic centers.
Fibernet Group’s financial results for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006 included revenue of £48.9 million and an operating loss of £1.4 million.
We are currently in the early stages of the process of integrating Fibernet into our business. We believe the acquisition and integration of Fibernet by GCUK will provide us with the following potential benefits: (i) an enhanced competitive position in the UK market as a result of our increased scale and market presence, which we believe will allow us to compete more effectively on the basis of service, price and coverage, (ii) additional cross-selling opportunities to our expanded enterprise and carrier customer bases, (iii) an increased network capacity within the United Kingdom, (iv) reduced dependency on BT for local access, (v) an enhanced service offering, especially a broader portfolio of IP-based solutions and (vi) diversification of our expanded customer base resulting in a reduction in the concentration of our revenues.
We have developed a plan for the Fibernet integration that we believe will maximize our potential synergies. In particular, we intend to reduce (i) operating costs by reducing head office costs through eliminating duplication of personnel and other overhead costs and maximizing the use of centralized services across the group and (ii) capital expenditures by (a) leveraging the combined infrastructure of the two companies, (b) redeploying or reducing resources currently dedicated to development programs that are duplicative in the combined entity, (c) introducing more efficient resource deployment policies for Fibernet’s enterprise service solutions, and (d) applying GCUK’s more stringent business case parameters to new contract proposals for Fibernet enterprise customers.
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Services Offered
We are one of the leading UK providers of managed network communications services. We are an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of, and the principal UK telecommunications business of, Global Crossing. We have a strong and established enterprise customer base, including over 100 UK government departments, information technology systems integrators, rail sector customers and major corporate clients, to whom we provide tailored services. These enterprise customers represented 91.3% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006. We also provide services to our carrier customers, who are typically national and international communications service providers, including mobile network operator customers.
We operate the most extensive fiber optic network in the UK after BT and Cable and Wireless. Because of our network’s reach and capacity, we believe that we are well positioned to take advantage of new business opportunities with modest incremental capital expenditure.
Despite the highly competitive nature of the telecommunications industry we operate in, we have been able to maintain a significant recurring revenue stream and stable margins through a strong product and service suite and strong customer relationships. Our financial results for the year ended December 31, 2006 included revenue of £240.6 million, operating profit of £37.5 million and net cash provided from operating activities less capital expenditure of £14.5 million.
We provide a wide range of telecommunications services, including data, Internet protocol (“IP”) and voice services, to government and other public sector organizations, major corporations and other communications companies.
Enterprise Services
In general, we provide enterprise customers with a range of managed services that typically are complex in character. These services are predominantly managed data and IP services tailored to address our customers’ specific requirements. We also supply managed voice services, including national and international direct dial, teleconferencing and non-geographic number services (for example, toll-free services) and voice over internet protocol (“VoIP”). We frequently bundle our voice services with data services and supply them on a competitive basis with customized tariff structures.
We provide both managed data and traditional voice services and IP-based services. The components of our traditional voice and data communications services include the following products:
| • | | Managed services. We provide managed data and voice services, offering all of the benefits of a private corporate telecommunications network, with full management of the network infrastructure, including technology refreshes, security and maintenance. Our managed data and voice services offer 24 hour network monitoring, fault reporting and competitive service level agreements (“SLA”). Following the acquisition of Fibernet, we provide additional managed services that include, among others, data center connectivity, low cost connectivity for organizations with bandwidth demands and real time transaction replications. |
| • | | Data connectivity through access to our national ATM, Frame relay and IP networks.While ATM and Frame relay services have often been bundled with our other products and customers have been able to purchase these direct, we are driving towards a converged IP based services platform. We have built and are maintaining a high speed multi service MPLS/IP core network with full end to end support for Class of Service (“CoS”) and Quality of Service (“QoS”). This is enabling us to offer IP based services such as IP-based virtual private networks (“IP-VPN”), VoIP and IP Video delivered over a single access loop (i.e. a converged service) to our customers, whether in isolation or bundled with an end to end managed solution. Our implementation of a high speed MPLS core along with IP CoS/QoS and associated SLAs, provide a high level of performance, making it ideal for customers such as government, financial, media and entertainment organizations. |
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| • | | Leased lines and international private leased lines.We provide both domestic private leased lines and international private leased lines. Our private leased lines provide point-to-point capacity on a cost-effective basis with security and 24-hour availability. Our international private leased lines, supplied by means of trading agreements with our parent, provide uncompromised security and 24-hour availability. Both our domestic private leased lines and our international private leased lines are suitable for voice, video and data transmission. |
| • | | Direct dial voice services. We provide direct dial voice calling to fixed geographic and non-geographic numbers in the UK and international locations. We provide routing and delivery of calls over our own voice transmission network and out to the PSTN networks of other operators via a collection of both domestic and international carrier interconnections. |
| • | | Ethernet connectivity. Following the acquisition of Fibernet we provide additional point-to-point and point-to-multi-point (VPN) Ethernet services within the UK. These can be standalone services or used as access to IP VPN or Converged Service offerings. |
The components of our IP-based services include IP-VPN and certain prospective services, including VoIP and IP Video:
| • | | IP-VPN.IP-VPN is the corner stone of our converged service offering. It provides customers with a secure connection between their offices, business partners and customers within a virtual private IP network consisting of intranets and extranets running over our backbone. This allows customers to send traditional data as well as VoIP and IP Video, and any other IP based service between sites and/or the public telephony network. This is possible through our implementation of CoS/QoS, to ensure that the VoIP, video and data traffic is correctly handled within the customer’s network. Through our flexible billing capabilities we can provide efficient charging schemes such that customers only pay for the traffic they send rather than the fixed bandwidth required in traditional implementations of data, voice and video networking. |
| • | | VoIP. VoIP enables cost effective transport of voice over our IP network. Currently customers using our IP VPN products have the benefit of transferring voice as data over their IP-VPNs. With our suite of VoIP services, a customer is able to receive inbound calls from the PSTN, send calls to the PSTN or to manage a short-code dial plan for calls between sites. |
| • | | IP Video. We offer IP Video point-to-point connectivity over our IP network, enabling such applications as video conferencing from the desktop. |
The acquisition of Fibernet also brings with it the capability to build managed optical networking solutions, for example, to link data centers.
Carrier Services
Our Carrier Services consist of sales to other network operators and communications providers of IP transit, structured capacity, wavelengths and private lines. We also sell wholesale voice services that include carrier voice service, “One Rate” service, carrier pre-select and non-geographic numbering. We currently provide capacity, dark fiber and empty fiber ducts to third parties pursuant to lease agreements and indefeasible right to use agreements (“IRUs”).
Our Carrier data services include:
| • | | Structured capacity. Structured capacity service offerings encompass point-to-point connectivity and maintenance services for which we charge annual service fees. |
| • | | Wavelengths. Wavelengths (usually 2.5 Gbit/s or 10 Gbit/s) have recently become a popular product for carriers looking to acquire large quantities of capacity. |
| • | | Private Line.“Global Crossing Private Line” is a basic connectivity, structured capacity service allowing customers to build private networks and carry a full range of their business-critical applications. |
| • | | Capacity, dark fiber and empty duct IRUs. We sell the right to use capacity on our network which can take the form of structured capacity, dark fiber or space in empty fiber ducts on our terrestrial networks. |
| • | | IP Transit. Our “IP Transit Service” offers international carriers and internet service providers (“ISPs”) wholesale internet connectivity to all worldwide domains. |
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In addition to our carrier data services, we provide the following carrier voice services:
| • | | Carrier Voice Service. Carrier voice service is a service that offers wholesale voice call completion to most destinations throughout the world (whether on a fixed or mobile network). We will be adding a hosted VoIP service to carriers and expect this offering to be introduced by the end of 2007. |
| • | | One Rate. Our “One Rate” service is a special pricing and billing option allowing customers to terminate very significant volumes of voice traffic to pre-determined UK fixed destinations for a single monthly charge. |
| • | | Carrier Pre-Select. Carrier pre-selection enables carrier customers to automatically pre-select us as a carrier of choice for voice traffic without the need to create their own network infrastructure or links into our network. We provide these services through a web-based interface. |
| • | | Non-geographic Numbering. Our non-geographic number service provides our customers with the ability to offer toll-free local or national rate access for most western European nations, such as 0800 or freephone services. |
With the acquisition of Fibernet, we will also provide Ethernet, optical networking and services on the London carrier ring. The London carrier ring provides connectivity among carriers wishing to exchange data or voice traffic, regardless of whether the carriers are on a time division multiplexing platform or an IP platform.
Collaboration Services
We offer a full range of collaboration services, including the audio, video and Web conferencing services described below.
Videoconferencing Services:These services provide video over IP and ISDN platforms, using multipoint bridging to connect multiple sites. OuriVideoconferencingSM offering sends ISDN calls onto our IP network, minimizing dependence on international ISDN lines for superior quality, reliability and cost savings. Enhanced options available with our videoconferencing services include scheduling, recording and hybrid meetings that combine our audio and video services.
Audio Conferencing: Ready-Access® is our on-demand/reservationless audio conferencing service with toll free access in key business markets worldwide.Event Call provides highly reliable, operator assisted, full-service conference calls. Participants can access this service by dialing in on either a toll or a toll-free number, or by being dialed out to by an operator. This service is suitable for as few as three or up to thousands of participants. Enhanced service options includePostView® conference playback, taping/transcription service, translation services and on-line participant lists.
Web Conferencing: Ready-Access Web Meeting is fully integrated withReady-Access audio conferencing for on-demand collaboration, allowing customers to manage their calls on-line, change account options, share presentations with participants, and record entire meetings, including visuals.eMeeting is a full-featured Web conferencing application that allows customers to collaborate and share documents, presentations, applications, data and feedback with polling and instant messaging features.
Customers
We have an established enterprise customer base of over 500 customers, including more than 100 UK government departments, information technology systems integrators, rail transport agencies and large corporate clients. We also have carrier customers. Revenue from our enterprise customers and carrier customers represented 91.3% and 8.5%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2006. Fibernet accounted for 2% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006. We typically enter into multi-year service contracts with our enterprise customers and provide them with a range of services tailored to their specific requirements. Revenue from enterprise customers with whom we have multi-year contractual relationships represented 85.8% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Fibernet Group has a customer base of over 250 customers, including direct customers and the customers Fibernet reaches through its systems partners. Fibernet Group provides customized network services to its enterprise customers, who are typically large organizations in the retail, financial services and manufacturing sectors. Fibernet Group also provides network services to its carrier customers. Revenue from Fibernet Group’s enterprise customers and carrier customers represented 48% and 52%, respectively, of its total revenue for the
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fiscal year ended August 31, 2006. Fibernet Group’s customer base is well diversified, with the top 20 and top 50 customers accounting for 50.3% and 68.7%, respectively, of Fibernet Group’s revenue during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006.
The acquisition of Fibernet has expanded and diversified our customer base. We have already started offering certain of our enterprise and carrier services to certain of Fibernet’s customers.
Enterprise Customers
Since November 1999, we have derived the majority of our revenue from UK government departments and rail transport agencies. Over time, we have experienced growth through sources including the expansion of existing government relationships, such as the provision of services for our government customers during their technology refreshes and capacity upgrades, and the development of new customer relationships. During 2006, we entered into 709 new contracts with existing enterprise customers and added 45 new enterprise customers. Our enterprise revenue was £236.5 million, £220.9 million and £219.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. Our enterprise customers are typically large organizations with significant annual telecommunications budgets, which, along with the long-term nature of the contracts, have historically provided us with significant recurring revenue. Certain of our principal customer relationships include: British Council; Camelot (National Lottery); EDS (Her Majesty’s Prisons); Foreign & Commonwealth Office; Fujitsu (Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (into which Her Majesty’s Customs and Excise merged)); Lockheed Martin; Network Rail; and OGCbuying.solutions (Managed Telecom Service).
The table below sets forth information regarding our enterprise revenue concentration. These amounts represent revenue for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in millions) |
| | | | | | |
Enterprise revenue from Top 20 Customers(¹) | | £ 187.7 | | £ 178.2 | | £ 183.8 |
Other Enterprise Revenue(¹) | | 48.8 | | 42.7 | | 35.9 |
| | | | | | |
Total Enterprise Revenue(¹) | | £ 236.5 | | £ 220.9 | | £ 219.7 |
| | | | | | |
(¹) | Revenue in this table is based on historical information and does not necessarily indicate future revenue-generating capability. |
Fibernet Group has built an enterprise customer base consisting of large organizations with high bandwidth and complex data networking requirements in the financial services, retail and manufacturing sectors. During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006, Fibernet Group entered into 395 new contracts with existing enterprise customers and added 25 new enterprise customers. Its revenue from enterprise customers was £23.6 million for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006.
The table below sets forth information regarding Fibernet Group’s enterprise revenue concentration. These amounts represent revenue for the periods indicated.
| | | | |
| | Year ended August 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in millions) |
| | | | |
Enterprise revenue from Top 20 Customers(¹) | | £19.7 | | £17.9 |
Other Enterprise Revenue(¹) | | 4.9 | | 5.7 |
| | | | |
Total Enterprise Revenue(¹) | | £24.6 | | £23.6 |
| | | | |
(¹) | Revenue in this table is based on historical information and does not necessarily indicate future revenue-generating capability. |
Carrier Customers
We provide carrier services to a range of leading mobile and fixed line operators. Our carrier customers include Vodafone, AT&T, BT, Cable & Wireless, Thus, Afiniti (previously Kingston), Virgin Media (formerly NTL), Telewest and COLT. The services that these operators require vary according to the current reach and capacity and planned build of their assets in the United Kingdom and include for example, usage-based interconnection services and prepaid leases.
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Our carrier customers accounted for 8.5% of our revenue in the year ended December 31, 2006. For this period, Fibernet was our top carrier customer by revenue, accounting for 2% of total revenue.
Fibernet Group’s carrier customers accounted for 52% of its revenue for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2006. Fibernet’s carrier customer base is well diversified, with the top 15 carrier customers accounting for less than 50% of its carrier revenue in 2006, and with no one customer accounting for 15% or more of its carrier revenue.
Our Network
Following the acquisition of Fibernet we are in the process of analyzing our combined national network for opportunities to consolidate infrastructure and remove redundant facilities and reduce operating costs.
GCUK network (excluding Fibernet)
We operate a high capacity and resilient optical transport network which consists of, excluding Fibernet, approximately 13,380 route kilometers (8,100 route miles) of national fiber optic cable, approximately 60% of which is owned by us. The remainder is leased by us. Approximately 80% of this fiber runs in troughs along the UK rail network. Our core fiber network interconnects to local network providers at 158 points of presence (“PoPs”), and 33 main switching units. This number of interconnections provides us with extensive customer reach at an advantageous cost of access.
Our entire nationwide fiber optic network footprint currently contains lit fiber (optical fiber that has been connected to transmission equipment and is in use) and significant dark fiber (optical fiber that is not connected to transmission equipment and is not in use). We own approximately 72% of the currently lit fiber and, wherever possible, when usage increases require us to light additional capacity, we light our owned fiber rather than leased fiber. We believe that our existing network reach and capacity are sufficient to support a substantially increased revenue stream and customer base with modest incremental capital expenditure.
Fibernet network
Fibernet operates more than 115 PoPs in over 50 towns and cities across the United Kingdom within its 5,600 route kilometer (3,470 route miles) national fiber optic network. Of this, approximately 4,800 route kilometers (2,975 route miles) comprise its intercity network and 800 route kilometers ( 496 route miles) comprise its various metropolitan networks. At the date of acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet leased approximately 58% of its intercity network from GCUK, with the majority of the remaining 42% covering routes that are also served by GCUK. As such, Fibernet’s intercity network provides additional capacity on substantially the same network footprint as GCUK’s network.
Fibernet has metropolitan networks in several of the largest cities in the United Kingdom including Bristol, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, London, Manchester and Reading. These metropolitan networks complement and extend its intercity network, providing fiber-based access from its PoPs to more than 200 customer locations. The largest metropolitan network is in London with more than 300 kilometers (186 route miles) of fiber routes. As a result of our acquisition of Fibernet, we believe that Fibernet’s metropolitan networks will significantly extend our network reach into many of the most densely concentrated economic centers in the UK, providing us with an opportunity to further reduce local access costs in the future through the additional capillarity that this network extension provides.
Fibernet also has a London carrier ring service which provides dedicated transmission services as a common carrier of voice and Internet IP data exclusively to carrier customers who meet this ring at various locations around London, thereby avoiding any termination costs with BT or others.
Business Strategy
Our strategy is to capitalize on the expected growth in demand for complex, converged IP, managed telecommunications services and capacity while maintaining our recurring revenue stream and stable margins:
| • | | Focus on managed services and solutions to enterprise customers. Our primary focus is on further developing our managed service business by maintaining and growing revenue from our existing enterprise customer base and adding new customers, which we believe will allow us to preserve a recurring revenue stream with stable margins. The delivery of complex and tailored managed services and solutions under long-term contracts allows us to become an integrated and embedded component of our customers’ telecommunications requirements. |
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| • | | Leverage embedded infrastructure and existing customer relationships. We benefit from a large existing customer base, which provides us with a potential market for additional revenue streams. We intend to increase our revenue from existing customers (including those acquired with Fibernet) both by selling increased volumes of the services we currently offer (for example, by growing the number of end-users at customer sites and increasing the network capacity at those customer sites) and by introducing new services in the future, including IP-based services and services historically provided by Fibernet. For a number of our customers, we have invested in developing customer-specific services and solutions and we have also upgraded customer premises equipment, including routers, switches and handsets. We believe this investment and the depth of our involvement in our customers’ businesses reduces churn and provides the basis to offer additional services to our existing customers at lower incremental costs and resulting in improved margins. By purchasing these additional services from us, our customers are able to avoid the disruption risks associated with adding a new telecommunications provider. |
| • | | Migrate technology to IP-based services. Current technology allows us to provide integrated voice and data services over a single IP-based platform. Wherever appropriate to customers needs, we are migrating services from traditional voice and data services to IP-based services. These IP services, including IP VPN and VoIP will allow us to provide converged voice and data services. Fibernet’s enterprise customers will now have access to our IP based services and our global IP network. We anticipate that these initiatives will increase our total revenue and enable us to realize network operating efficiencies for these newly delivered services and networks by allowing us to introduce new data and voice services, and provide those services to our customers at lower unit costs than they currently pay for legacy services. |
| • | | Further build cooperative sales efforts with systems integrators and others. We deliver new products and enhance our sales penetration through cooperative approaches with systems integrators, network suppliers, equipment manufacturers and other third parties. We believe we are an attractive partner for such business partners due to our network reach, our experience in the provisioning of managed services and solutions and our IP capabilities. These business partners assist us in securing new customers and allow us to bundle our services with their equipment or applications. We currently cooperate with a number of companies, including Siemens, Ericsson, Fujitsu, Lockheed Martin and Steria. |
| • | | Continue to manage cost of access. We continually manage our cost of access through supplier management, optimization of the existing circuit base, detailed invoice analysis and implementation of regulatory driven improvements. We work closely with our largest supplier (BT) to provide last mile connectivity to our customer base by interconnecting our networks at a physical level to obtain products at a wholesale cost level and reduce the cost of purchase of retail products through appropriate discount schemes. Models developed by our specialists allow us routinely validate invoiced circuits against tariffs and to identify circuits which are sub-optimally routed. Past participation in regulatory driven product enhancements (wholesale circuits) have resulted in considerable savings and we continue to implement other recently introduced products, such as wholesale line rental and wholesale ethernet services. |
Market and Competitive Position
The general telecommunications business in the United Kingdom, as well as globally, continues to be very competitive with a significant amount of competition resulting from liberalizations and de-regulation.
We currently compete with different divisions of BT, COLT, Thus, Afiniti (previously Kingston), Vanco and Cable & Wireless. COLT, Thus and Afinti have a less extensive national footprint than we do and are not geographically present in large portions of the United Kingdom. BT and Cable & Wireless can claim genuine national presence and have significant network assets.
Given our relative size we believe that we can compete effectively in the United Kingdom market place and that the current consolidation that is occurring in our industry is supportive to us.
Key Partnerships and Relationships
There are a number of partnerships and commercial relationships which are key to the current and continued success of our business.
BT is a significant supplier of ours and provides most of our access needs in the UK.
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Network Rail is a key supplier due to our both owning and leasing cable located across the rail network. Siemens and Ericsson (which now also includes Marconi) are also key suppliers, and work with us for product innovation and introductions to improve our overall service offering. CIT Group plc is providing finance for the Railnet Switch Upgrade and Renewal Program.
Inter-company Agreements for UK Trading
Our business operation is dependent on a number of our parent’s and its affiliates’ global corporate functions and access to its network and services elsewhere in the world. In turn, our business provides services to our affiliates in Europe and termination facilities for international circuits in the United Kingdom.
The interactions are as follows:
| • | | We provide GC Pan European Crossing (UK) Limited (“GC PEC”), co-location space at Slough for facilities that form part of its network. |
| • | | GC PEC provides us with co-location space at its Docklands premises for facilities that form part of our UK network. |
| • | | We provide a dark fiber cable route to GC PEC for the route from Whitesands in Cornwall to London. |
| • | | Our parent’s Global Network Operations Centers provide network management for our customers’ networks globally, including our customers in the United Kingdom. |
| • | | Our parent company provides finance, legal, product management, marketing, engineering, IT, and corporate support to us in varying degrees. These are embodied in an allocation of our parent’s corporate overhead, which is charged to us. |
| • | | We provide private line termination for UK based customers of other entities in Global Crossing. |
| • | | We provide termination for inbound voice minutes from the US and the rest of the world. |
| • | | Our parent provides termination of outbound minutes that originate in the UK. |
For details of specific agreements, see Item 7B “Related Party Transactions”.
Network Rail and British Railways Board
British Rail originally developed a significant portion of our network in the 1980s and early 1990s. During that time, British Rail was a state-owned enterprise which owned and operated the national railway system in the United Kingdom. British Rail used its extensive network of railway property and rights of way to install fiber-optic and copper telecommunications network across the United Kingdom. As part of the privatization of British Rail in 1994, portions of these network assets and associated liabilities were transferred to a newly created company. Other portions of these network assets and customer contracts for the provision of telecommunications services over the network were assigned to BR Telecommunications, which was eventually acquired by our predecessor company in 1995.
At the time of their formation, BR Telecommunications and Network Rail entered into a number of agreements. The principal agreements include:
| • | | The BR Telecommunications lease of Network Rail facilities. BR Telecommunications leased certain fiber cables, distribution facilities, and transmission and switching equipment from Network Rail. The lease also covered certain copper cables and PABX equipment, which we use to deliver managed voice services to TOCs. We refer to these latter items of the lease as the copper assets. In connection with its plans to modernize the signaling system on the UK railways, Network Rail issued a notice to terminate our entitlement to use the copper assets, which termination became effective on March 31, 2005. In November 2004, we entered into a capacity purchase agreement with Network Rail that provides us with the right to use capacity over these copper assets until March 2010. |
| • | | The Network Rail lease of BR Telecommunications capacity. Network Rail retained the right to a specified amount of capacity to be carried over the assets originally leased to BR Telecommunications, in exchange for annual payments. We refer to this agreement as the grant of use. This grant of use was supplanted by a telecommunications service agreement effective in March 2005. |
| • | | The deed of grant. We are party to a deed of grant with Network Rail giving us easement rights to retain existing equipment and to install new equipment on Network Rail lands and property. Under the deed of grant, we own long-term wayleave rights until at least 2046 over Network Rail’s land, permitting us to |
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| maintain existing leased and owned fiber and network equipment, and providing our right to lay new fiber and install new equipment on Network Rail property, subject to the payment of specified wayleave payments to Network Rail. We have a management agreement with Network Rail that regulates any new network layout. This is a very cost effective and easy way for us to extend our network in the UK. This mechanism has been used extensively and profitably during the period of the operation of this agreement. |
Regulatory Environment
Introduction
As one of the national markets that was liberalized earlier than most other comparable countries, the UK is generally accepted as having a reasonably mature regulatory structure. This maturity, together with a consistent policy in favor of network-based competition, has helped to create an environment that continues to support multiple network operators and is relatively positive in relation to our business activities.
Regulatory Framework
On July 25, 2003, the United Kingdom implemented four EU Communications Directives (“the directives”) including:
| • | | the Framework Directive (Directive 2002/21/EC); |
| • | | the Access Directive (Directive 2002/19/EC); |
| • | | the Authorization Directive (Directive 2002/20/EC); and |
| • | | the Universal Services Directive (Directive 2002/22/EC). |
The directives establish a new regime for the regulation of electronic communications networks (“EC”) networks, and electronic communications services (“EC services”) and this regime is codified by the Communications Act 2003 (“the 2003 Act”).
As a result of the 2003 Act, we no longer need to hold a license to run our network or to supply services, as had previously been the case under the old regime set out in the Telecommunications Act 1984. Instead, general authorizations allow us to build and operate networks and provide our services, subject only to general conditions which are applicable to all operators in the UK. Among other things, the general conditions relate to the handling of complaints, information about service standards and remedies and appropriate use of telephone numbering as set out from time to time in the National Telephone Numbering Plan.
European Union 2006 Review
In October 2006, the European Commission consulted with the telecommunications industry on a number of possible changes to the present regulatory framework. Discussions with interested parties are underway and we anticipate that the Commission will publish its considered and detailed proposals during summer 2007. These proposals will then be subject to further consideration by the European Parliament and Council with the objective of concluding a new regulatory framework that will subsequently be transposed into national law within each Member State.
Ofcom Strategic Review
Under the 2003 Act, Ofcom, the UK regulator, has a duty to ensure, among other things, that there is a wide range of EC services available throughout the UK. In performing this duty, Ofcom must consider the desirability of promoting competition, effective forms of self-regulation, innovation and investment. Accordingly, and with a view to fulfilling this duty, Ofcom periodically undertakes sector-focused consultations in which interested parties, including EC network operators, are invited to take part.
In September 2005, Ofcom published the conclusions of its Telecommunications Strategic Review (“TSR”) which had been commenced in early 2004. At the same time, the Ofcom Board announced that it had formally accepted legally-binding undertakings (which had been subject to consultation over the summer of 2005) from BT Group plc.
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The TSR addresses issues that are significant to our business, namely: the manner in which effective and sustainable competition can be achieved in the UK telecom market; whether there is scope for a significant reduction in regulation; the incentivization of efficient and timely investment in next-generation networks; and whether there remains a case for the structural or operational separation of BT. Accordingly, both BT’s compliance with its undertakings and any development of regulatory policy arising from this strategic review will be important to our business.
In more than 230 separate undertakings, which are set out in detail on the Ofcom website, BT has agreed to substantive structural, product and governance changes, affecting both its current and future networks. These undertakings create a new regulatory approach to the access infrastructure operated by BT in the UK.
Ofcom has stated their belief that the undertakings will:
| 1. | allow all communications providers to gain real equality of access to critical BT infrastructure on fair and equal terms, encouraging investment in infrastructure and enabling innovations through multiple services and the increasing deployment of next-generation technology; |
| 2. | lead to lower prices and greater choice of products and services for consumers and businesses; and |
| 3. | help to underpin the UK’s industrial and economic competitiveness in the future. |
BT has undertaken to establish a separate division of the BT group, referred to in the TSR as the ‘Access Services Division’. BT has complied with this obligation by creating its Openreach division which controls and operates the physical network assets making up BT’s local access network and backhaul network. It includes all staff and management tiers necessary for managing these assets.
BT Equivalence of Inputs
BT has undertaken to supply a range of products in the wholesale markets identified to all communications providers (including its own downstream operations) on the same timescales, terms and conditions (including price) and by the same systems and processes. BT will provide to all providers the same information about these products and their associated services, systems and processes. This set of rules has been termed equivalence of inputs between BT’s downstream divisions and its downstream competitors. BT commenced delivery of such products relevant to our business on September 30, 2006.
Such equivalence of inputs is to be applied to a range of wholesale products on a specified timetable including: wholesale line rental; local loop unbundling; wholesale extension service; IPStream; backhaul extension services and various other products when they are provided in future. BT has also offered a public, but not legal, commitment to deliver equivalence of input for certain wholesale line rental products at earlier dates than those set out in the undertakings.
BT has established an Equivalence of Access Board (“EAB”) and an Equivalence of Access Office (“EAO”) tasked with policing BT’s compliance in relation to its undertakings. The EAO (i) published guidelines in February 2006, explaining how complaints will be handled; (ii) published its first Annual Report in May 2006; and (iii) handled its first significant complaint between August and November 2006 The EAO has announced that it will publish its second Annual Report, which will be subject to external assurance by PriceWaterhouseCoopers, in May 2007.
BT Confidentiality Structure
In addition to the undertakings related to Openreach, several of BT’s undertakings are intended to guard against inappropriate information flows and influence passing between different parts of its organization, and to monitor its compliance with these undertakings. These include provisions for an organizational separation between BT’s upstream operations (such as BT Wholesale) and its downstream operations (such as BT Retail), including a confidentiality structure between the two, and more specific protections to ensure that BT Wholesale acts in an independent and non-discriminatory fashion.
Next Generation Networks
Next Generation Networks (“NGN”) development is a significant technological change which requires substantial investment and detailed planning. In March 2006, after a public consultation exercise that commenced in June 2005, Ofcom set out its approach to facilitating effective cross-industry coordination and to providing greater clarity to operators and investors about the regulatory framework for NGN development.
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Ofcom’s approach has included the establishment of a new industry body, NGN UK, This body has begun to focus on the technical and commercial arrangements for NGN development. Its initial priority is to help companies develop an effective technical and commercial framework for interconnection between NGNs. Ofcom has committed to monitor NGN development and the work of NGN UK closely, to ensure that regulation is informed by the industry’s commercial and technical priorities. Two main commercial priorities have been identified as evaluation and development of a new charging framework and a new charging model.
Industry
Developments within the Telecommunications Industry
Historically, the majority of telecommunications networks supported voice calls and were built with copper wires used for point-to-point voice connectivity, interconnected with basic switching systems. These networks were designed to carry voice calls in their native analogue form and had limited capability. In more recent times, as technology evolved, the voice signals were digitized and multiplexed together for higher speed, and more efficient, transmission over optical fibers. The process of multiplexing was basic, allocating a fixed amount of the available network resource to each signal, but it still increased flexibility by allowing low-speed digital signals to be combined with the digitized voice signals for transmission over optical fibers.
The development of complex digital applications—for example, the exchange of information over the internet, business transactions using e-commerce, and video streaming services, together with the increased connectivity opportunities as more and more users subscribe to internet-based services—has driven modern network operators to develop much higher speeds of connectivity and advanced protocols for managing the interconnection of individual applications, utilizing greatly increased computing power which is more readily available and affordable.
Competitors in the industry now seek to increase efficiency and flexibility, using the principle of “convergence” for all switching and transmission applications based on the “packet” principle. Complex digital applications use the packet principle to divide up information into manageable packets, then combine the packets from several applications together for high-speed and ultra high speed transmission. This packet principle can be applied to all digital applications and extended to digitized voice signals, thereby “converging” in a common packet-based switching and transmission network. The protocol used to manage the interconnection of these packets is IP, which has become accepted as the industry standard.
This principle of convergence is a common development across the core of most operators’ networks. Access to these networks from customers is achieved through a number of different methods and technologies. Copper networks are still used with advanced modulating techniques, generically known as broadband, to support high-speed digital access. The incumbent operators generally have control over the copper networks. Because it is cost prohibitive for the newer operators to develop copper networks, various regulatory rulings are used to enable wider access to the copper network. Alternatively, wireless is becoming an increasingly attractive method for network access, for mobile access, for example at WI-FI “hot spots”, and fixed, high-speed access.
Key Industry Sectors
The telecommunications market generally consists of four basic sectors:
| • | | long distance services; |
| • | | local exchange services; |
| • | | data/managed network services. |
Telecommunications providers will offer one or more of these services to business or consumer segments.
Several telecommunications carriers focus on providing traditional voice and data services to business and residential customers. Long distance carriers, on the other hand, primarily provide only the connection between two local networks, transferring voice transmissions over a larger, interconnected regional or national network. Local exchange services carriers may provide traditional voice services that connect end-user customers within a designated local area, and these carriers often provide the local portion of most long distance calls or the broadband connections. Many telecommunications providers provide both local and long distance services. Wireless carriers transmit voice and data transmissions made through a wireless network to a mobile phone or other mobile device, such as a laptop computer enabled with WI-FI.
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Some telecommunications providers, including Global Crossing, have built and operate networks to efficiently support the developing trend in demand for increasingly complex digital applications, and to continue to provide voice services, through solutions employing the principles of converged networks. The efficiency and inherent flexibility of a converged network means that network services can be grouped and managed to provide a customer-specific solution. Customers of managed services typically include multinational corporations, government agencies or other large organizations.
Network Technology for Managed Services
Managed services have been available for some time, including managed data wide area or local area networks, or data WAN or LAN, or managed voice networks, including private branch exchanges (“PBXs”). The technology traditionally used for these early managed services was ATM and frame relay, for data networks, and Time Division Multiplexing (“TDM”) for voice networks and these networks still predominate in the industry.
ATM and frame relay networks use packet-switching technology to transmit both data and voice. Packet switching divides information such as voice, video or data into bits of data that are packaged into data cells. Cells are routed between local networks using ATM technology, which organizes the cells and transmits them over a common network to another end-point based on specifications coded onto the cells. TDM networks are principally capable of handling only voice traffic in a circuit switching environment.
Most telecommunications carriers with this type of network deploy multi-platform switches for both frame relay and ATM. These multi-platform switches can convert any type of data to a cell or packet and transmit them through different types of data networks. Transmission of data in this manner requires a data protocol, which permits computers to transmit and exchange packets of information using a common software language. Protocols are the critical technology in data networking because they dictate the speed, flexibility, security and integrity with which data can be exchanged between computers.
IP has become the protocol used for the management of wide area connectivity for most digital applications and digital voice, such as VoIP, applications. Within an operator’s network, ATM and frame relay may still be used to manage the IP connections across the network, but increasingly for converged networks the IP connections are managed by another technology known as multi-protocol label switching (“MPLS”).
MPLS is a set of protocols for provisioning and managing multiple protocol networks. MPLS uses a technique known as label switching to forward data through a network and it facilitates very high-speed data connections. MPLS overlays a packet-switched IP network to help better manage traffic flow and provides virtual links or tunnels through the network to improve the efficiency of connections. In this environment, the convergence of carrying voice and data over one network infrastructure is fully supportable.
Telecommunications Services Management
Management of telecommunications services has become an integral part of many companies’ strategies to gain competitive advantages or achieve operating efficiencies and hence the Company’s focus on providing managed services to our customers. The IP and MPLS developments allow voice and data networks to converge and to offer increased security on public networks, and through this technology operators are able to allocate and manage network resources on a customer-by-customer basis, creating customer-specific IP VPNs within their network IP VPNs.
The growing availability of services benefiting from converged networks, and the complexities of managing these services internally, are encouraging companies to outsource larger portions of their telecommunications functions to specialized providers of IP VPNs, thereby creating cost savings and allowing them to focus on their core businesses. The market growth in IP VPNs is providing operators with the economies of scale to develop new and innovative communications services, which further benefit customers and ultimately reduce customers’ telecommunications costs, including total cost of ownership, whilst providing for greater flexibility in providing for increasing bandwidth needs.
Furthermore, the provision of services utilizing IP VPNs to manage all aspects of communications requirements within a customer enterprise is becoming increasingly attractive to a broader range of customers, particularly as this enables them to benefit from this technology without having to make subscale investments.
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C. | Organizational Structure |
We set forth in the diagram below a simplified corporate organizational chart for us, the Issuer, our parent company and its shareholders. We also reflect in this diagram certain of our existing debt obligations.

(1) | STT Communications Ltd (“STT”) a Singapore company, is in the business of media and telecommunications services, investment holdings and management services. STT’s shareholdings are as of November 1, 2006, and on a non-diluted basis. |
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D. | Property, Plant and Equipment |
Property
We operate from approximately 212 properties (comprising 9 freeholds and 203 leaseholds) in the United Kingdom. The majority of our leasehold properties are held on standard commercial terms prevailing in the market at the time the leases were entered into. We occupy the following main premises:
| | | | | | |
Town | | Floor areas sqf | | Ownership | | Use |
Basingstoke | | 10,045 | | Leasehold | | Network/office |
Basingstoke | | 42,744 | | Leasehold | | Network/office |
Basingstoke | | 19,345 | | Leasehold | | Office |
Basingstoke | | 25,240 | | Leasehold | | Office |
Crewe | | 19,421 | | Leasehold | | Network/office |
Slough | | 26,749 | | Leasehold | | Network/office |
London | | 23,605 | | Leasehold | | Office |
London | | 7,086 | | Leasehold | | Network |
London | | 6,374 | | Leasehold | | Technical |
Leigh | | 6,834 | | Leasehold | | Network |
Leeds | | 4,360 | | Leasehold | | Office |
Liverpool | | 6,040 | | Leasehold | | Network |
York | | 5,000 | | Leasehold | | Network/office |
IT Systems
During 2005, we migrated our financial IT systems from Oracle to SAP. We went live with SAP on January 1, 2006. Our human resources systems are based on a corporate SAP service and our payroll system is outsourced to ADP. Our billing system is largely run on Expresscom.
We operate Metasolv as the core of our service management system, performing the following key functions:
| • | | Provisioning workflow engine. Providing a disciplined framework for the provision cycle and ensuring that service configuration and network inventory data are captured at the time of provision. |
| • | | Service configuration database. Housing a structured information set that will provide master records in accordance with robust data structures for all service instances. |
| • | | Network inventory database. On a service basis, Metasolv is being populated with inventory data or provided with links to other platforms where these are more appropriate to master inventory data. |
Fibernet currently uses an “off the shelf” financial system. We are in the process of migrating Fibernet onto SAP and expect to go live by the third quarter of 2007. We are also planning to migrate their billing system onto the Global Crossing “LEXM” application, however, at this time, there are no plans to migrate GCUK onto this system from Expresscom.
Insurance
Our parent company generally maintains property, business interruption, general liability and related insurance coverage for the GCL group of companies for which we are named insureds.
ITEM 4A. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None
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ITEM 5. | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS |
Overview
You should read the following discussion together with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this annual report. We have prepared the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as adopted in the EU. IFRS differs in certain significant respects from US GAAP. For a discussion of the differences between IFRS and US GAAP as they apply to us, see note 30 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report.
Some of the information in the review set forth below and elsewhere in this annual report includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and Item 3.D. “Key information—Risk Factors” for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in the forward-looking statements contained in this annual report.
Executive summary
Overview
We continue to be one of the leading UK providers of managed network communications services. We provide our managed data, IP and voice services to a range of government and public sector organizations, participants in the rail industry, major corporations and other communications companies. We are an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary, and the principal UK business, of GCL
On December 28, 2006, we acquired Fibernet from GC Acquisitions, an affiliated acquisition vehicle. See “Executive Summary—2006 highlights”.
Industry
The competitive landscape in the telecommunications industry is changing rapidly, and we believe we are well positioned to take advantage of these changes. We actively monitor events in this area, and look forward to the opportunities that this trend towards consolidation within the UK telecoms market will provide us.
Strategy
See Item 4 “Information on the Company—Business Overview—Business Strategy”.
2006 Highlights
Our consolidated revenue increased in 2006, compared to 2005. Increases in carrier voice were partially offset by decreases in enterprise and carrier data. Carrier voice revenues increased primarily due to increased sales volumes from new and existing customers, including contract novations from an affiliate, Global Crossing Europe Limited (“GCE”). Enterprise revenue decreased primarily due to (i) the continuing run off of previously notified contract losses with Her Majesty Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) and the Department for Work and Pensions (“DWP”), (ii) the previously disclosed cessation of the contract with Royal Bank of Scotland, and (iii) pricing reductions for certain telecommunications services, partially offset by additional revenues from the British Council and MTS contracts, from other recently signed contracts such as the Crown Prosecution Service and from equipment sales in the fourth quarter. The decrease in carrier data relates primarily to the cessation of third-party revenue recognition related to contracts with Fibernet since the acquisition date.
During 2006, we posted an operating profit of £37.5 million. We generated £34.9 million of operating cash flow, after interest payments of £26.5 million.
Fibernet Group was founded in 1986 and is based in Basingstoke, England. Historically a competitor as well as one of our largest carrier customers, Fibernet is a provider of specialist telecommunications services in the United Kingdom. Fibernet’s customers are typically organizations in the retail, financial services and manufacturing sectors. Fibernet also provides network services to its carrier customers.
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On August 25, 2006, our affiliate, GC Acquisitions, announced a recommended cash offer to acquire the entire issued and outstanding ordinary share capital of Fibernet Group plc. On October 11, 2006 GC Acquisitions announced it had received acceptances of its offer for Fibernet Group plc in respect of approximately 91% of the then existing ordinary share capital and declared the offer for Fibernet Group plc unconditional in all respects.
On October 26, 2006, the members of the then current board of directors of Fibernet Group plc resigned and were replaced by Global Crossing executives. On October 27, 2006, an application was made to the Financial Services Authority for the cancellation of the listing of Fibernet Group plc shares on the London Stock Exchange and for the cancellation of the admission to trading of Fibernet Group plc shares. On November 27, 2006, the Fibernet Group plc shares were de-listed from the London Stock Exchange and are no longer admitted to trading on any public trading market.
On December 7, 2006, our Board of Directors approved the acquisition of Fibernet from GC Acquisitions. On December 12, 2006, GC Acquisitions acquired the remaining outstanding Fibernet Group plc shares through the exercise of its right to acquire the minority shareholdings on a compulsory basis under applicable English law. The aggregate offer consideration for Fibernet Group was approximately £49.8 million. In addition, £2.1 million of costs attributable to the acquisition were incurred, resulting in a total purchase price of £51.9 million.
On December 28, 2006, the Issuer completed its offering of the Additional Notes. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the Indenture, pursuant to which the Issuer previously issued the Initial Notes.
On December 28, 2006, proceeds from the offering were used to acquire Fibernet from GC Acquisitions, and to pay related fees and expenses. Upon completion of the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet guaranteed the Additional Notes and all other obligations under the Indenture. Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group Limited transferred its German business operations to GCI, by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holdings Limited, and its wholly owned subsidiary Fibernet GmbH, to GCI, for consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet.
Relationship with Our Parent Company and its Affiliates
Operational Relationships
We have a number of operating and financial relationships with our parent company and its affiliates, or the parent company group. For example, we have historically assisted our parent company group in terminating voice traffic within the United Kingdom while our parent company group assists us with terminating international voice traffic. We benefit from a broad range of corporate functions conducted by our parent company group, including senior management activities, human resources, corporate development and other functions and services. In addition, we share certain portions of our network with our parent company group as well as certain personnel, who may have functional responsibilities for both our business as well as our parent’s European and global businesses. Lastly, we may share tax losses accrued by us and some of our affiliates with other UK affiliates of our parent company.
The costs of these functions and services have been historically allocated on a basis that we believe is a reasonable reflection of the utilization of each service provided to or the benefit received by our parent and subsidiaries of our parent. The allocated costs, while reasonable, may not necessarily be indicative of the costs that would have been incurred by us if we had performed these functions or received these services as a stand-alone entity. Contemporaneous with the offering of the Initial Notes, we entered into a series of inter-company agreements in order to document more clearly the way in which we govern these relationships. Under the terms of these agreements, each of which was effective as of October 1, 2004, all services that the parent company had in the past provided to us continue to be available to us on a non-exclusive basis, and the pricing for each of these services is based on a formula that allocates costs based on actual use, market prices or on our percentage of the overall group revenue or assets, as applicable. Payments under the agreements are subject to an annual limitation, although any amounts exceeding that limitation will be permitted to be paid if the amounts are permitted under the Indenture governing the Notes. In some cases, the costs of these services are borne solely by our parent company. We also entered into other inter-company agreements with our parent company, including those for allocating costs of shared resources and voice termination.
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The pricing formulas in the agreement may be changed from time to time, so long as they remain within the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administration of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, or OECD, guidelines. See Item 7.B. “Major shareholders’ and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Inter-company Agreements.”
We do not expect these agreements to have a material impact on our cost structure as (i) amounts of actual costs charged to us are subject to actual usage; (ii) we have the ability to change the method of allocation in accordance with OECD guidelines; and (iii) the amounts of actual costs charged to us are subject to the application of the limitations provided for in the corporate services agreement, one of the inter-company agreements.
We have historically included an annual worldwide allocation management fee in our financial statements under “Administrative Expenses” for any administrative service that our parent company or its affiliates provided to us (such as legal or Information Systems services). This continued in 2006 and we will continue to account for the net financial effect of these services in that line item.
Following the acquisition of certain property assets on December 9, 2004 from Bidco, these assets continue to be used by other group companies who are charged a rental based on the depreciation expense on the assets used.
Financial Relationships
We may, from time to time, upstream cash to our parent and other Group Companies, subject to the restrictions in the covenants in the Indenture governing our Senior Secured Notes and as permitted by English law. See “Liquidity and Capital resources”.
We have not historically made significant loans to Group Companies. Under the terms of the Indenture governing the convertible notes of GCL, loans from the Company made to GCL or another Group Company must be subordinated to the payment of obligations under the GCL’s convertible notes. The terms of any intercompany loan by the Company to GCL or another Group Company must be agreed by the Board of Directors.
There were no loans due to or from Group Companies at December 31, 2005. On April 12, 2006, the Company entered into an intercompany credit agreement (the “credit agreement”). As at December 31, 2006, there were loans of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) due from Group Companies. The terms of the credit agreement include a parent guarantee from GCL. The loan balances currently outstanding relate to loans made using (i) 50% of the Designated Cash Flow, as permitted and defined under the Indenture and (ii) GCUK’s Eligible Excess Cash, defined in the Indenture as excess cash remaining after the consummation of the Annual Repurchase Offer, and have an effective interest rate of 13.5%. These loans mature five business days prior to the principal outstanding on the Senior Secured Notes. GCUK also made loans to other Group Companies of US$30.4 million in April 2006 which were repaid in May 2006. In the year ended December 31, 2006, total finance revenue of £0.4 million (being interest income of £2.4 million, less a foreign exchange loss of £2.0 million) has been recognized in the condensed consolidated income statement in respect of these loans. There were no loan balances due to Group Companies as at December 31, 2006
On May 30, 2006, GCL completed concurrent public offerings of 12,000,000 shares of common stock and $144 million aggregate principal amount of 5% Convertible Notes for total gross proceeds of $384 million. The net proceeds from the public offerings were approximately $371 million, after deducting underwriters’ discounts and payment of other direct fees. The remaining net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include the acquisition of assets or businesses that are complementary to our existing business.
On May 10, 2006, through certain of GCL’s U.S. subsidiaries, GCL entered into a $55 million working capital facility (the “Working Capital Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A and other lenders participating from time to time. The Working Capital Facility, which expires on May 9, 2009, provides for a secured revolving line of credit of up to $55 million; provided that the availability is limited to $35 million until certain financial tests are met. Initial advances under the facility (excluding the May 10, 2006 advance of $1 million representing an upfront fee “rolled” into the facility) are subject to certain state regulatory approvals, which were received in the first quarter of 2007, and to customary closing conditions. At December 31, 2006, GCL had $1 million of borrowings and $9 million remaining available (after deduction of letters of credit issued) under the Working Capital Facility.
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As originally executed, the Working Capital Facility allowed for the issuance, in the sole discretion of the lenders, of letters of credit prior to the satisfaction of all conditions precedent to borrowing under the facility (including the receipt of all required regulatory approvals), provided that any such letters of credit were required to have been cash collateralized. In the third quarter of 2006, the Working Capital Facility was amended to eliminate the cash collateralization requirement. During the year ended December 31, 2006, approximately $25 million of commercial letters of credit were issued under the Working Capital Facility.
On October 26, 2006 GCL announced it had agreed to acquire the issued and to be issued share capital of Impsat Fiber Networks Inc. (“Impsat”) for approximately $95 million. GCL will assume, refinance and/or repay Impsat’s debt which was $241 million at September 30, 2006. Impsat is a Latin American provider of IP, hosting and value-added data solutions.
On October 26, 2006, GCL also announced it had obtained a financing commitment from Credit Suisse for up to $200 million to refinance most of Impsat debt that is not being repaid at closing. On February 14, 2007 GCL cancelled the commitment with Credit Suisse and a wholly-owned subsidiary of GCL, GC Impsat Holdings I Plc (“GC Impsat”), and issued $225 million aggregate principal 9.875% senior notes due February 15, 2017 (the “GC Impsat Notes”). Interest is payable in cash semi annually in arrears every February 15 and August 15 commencing August 15, 2007. The proceeds of the offering will be used to finance a portion of the purchase price (including the repayment of indebtedness) of Impsat.
Revenue. Revenue, which excludes discounts, value added tax and similar sales taxes, represents the amount receivable in respect of telecommunications services, including network and other services, long-term indefeasible right of use, or IRU, agreements, and installation services, and is accounted for on an accruals basis to match revenue with provision of service.
Network and Other Services. Network services comprise the sale of transmission of voice, data, IP traffic and short-term network capacity. Revenue from network services is recognized in the period the services are utilized by the customer. Other services comprise design and deployment of customer premises equipment, maintenance and network management for enterprise customers. Revenue from the provision of other services that are contracted to be performed continuously over the contract term is recognized evenly over the period of each contract. For services invoiced in advance, amounts are deferred until provision of the service. We assess whether revenue should be recorded gross as principal or net as agent based on the features of the relevant arrangements, including whether we hold ourselves out as an agent, establish the price, provide customer remedies, perform part of the service and assume the credit risk.
Long-Term IRU Agreements. Revenues from the lease of network capacity and dark fiber to third parties pursuant to long term IRU agreements are recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the contract. Non-refundable payments received from customers, before relevant criteria are satisfied for revenue recognition, are included in deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Installation Service. We amortize revenue related to installation services on a straight line basis, over the average contract customer relationship (typically 24 months). In situations where the contracted period is significantly longer than the average, the actual contract term is used.
Cost of Sales.Our cost of sales consists of four primary components, including:
| • | | cost of access (including for rights-of-way and wayleaves); |
| • | | customer-specific costs for operating leases and cost-plus arrangements; |
| • | | depreciation, and amortization of installation costs; and |
| • | | third-party maintenance costs. |
Cost of access is the cost associated with transporting traffic to and from our customers’ premises from and to the closest point of entry on our network or between PoPs on our network where we require additional capacity or service protection. These costs are the largest component of our cost structure, accounting for more than 50% of our cost of sales in the financial periods discussed in this section.
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We purchase access services in several forms, including:
| • | | fixed-cost leases to secure dedicated connections to our network for managed service customers, including “local loop” and partial private circuits (“PPCs”); |
| • | | fees for the minute-of-use (“MOU”) charges for international voice services; |
| • | | MOU charges for domestic local service providers to terminate both local and long-distance calls that originate on our network; and |
| • | | leased facilities, both domestic and international, to supplement and strengthen our network or improve our network reach. |
In the case of fixed cost leases, local loop suppliers (predominantly, although not solely, BT Group) charge initial connection fees when we take on new ISDN/PSTN circuits from them and we treat these fees as prepaid costs and amortize them as expenses on a straight-line basis over the average contracted lifetime of the customer contract (typically twenty four months). If the contracted period is significantly longer than the average, the actual contract term is used. We accrue and recognize our other costs of sales in line with recognition of the related revenue.
We also include expenses in respect of rights-of-way and wayleaves in our cost of access. These expenses arise both as a result of our existing network and when we add additional capacity.
Customer-specific costs relate primarily to the cost of leasing customer-specific equipment for enterprise customers who are purchasing our services under long-term contracts. This includes voice equipment for certain of our managed voice customers. Other costs included in this category are cost-plus arrangements.
The depreciation and amortization expense that we include in cost of sales relate to the depreciation of technical property and equipment, principally telecommunications equipment like switches, IP routers, add-drop multiplexers, transmission equipment and customer premises equipment, as well as software, computer equipment, terrestrial cable and fiber, and leasehold improvements. Amortization expenses also consist of amortization of installation costs.
Third-party maintenance costs are costs we pay to unaffiliated companies to provide maintenance services for the portion of our network which we either own or have acquired under a long-term right of use. The majority of these expenses are the cost of maintaining customer-specific equipment for managed service enterprise customers. We also contract for the maintenance of our network including that portion of our network which lies along railway routes.
Distribution Costs
Our distribution costs consist of the fixed and variable compensation we pay to our sales force and the overhead associated with our sales offices and marketing efforts. This overhead includes selling and distribution expenses arising from advertising and marketing, professional services and office expenses and facilities costs.
Administrative Expenses
Administrative expenses include the salaries we pay to our employees, excluding salaries for our sales force which is recorded under distribution costs, and the overhead costs associated with our headquarters and back-office activities. This overhead includes administrative expenses arising from professional services, advertising and marketing, office expenses, facilities costs and depreciation. A portion of these costs result from the worldwide allocation management fee referred to under “—Relationship with our Parent Company and its Affiliates—Operational Relationships” above.
Finance costs and finance revenue
Our finance cost consists primarily of the interest we pay on our third-party debt, together with the associated foreign exchange income / expense, and capital leases. Our finance revenue consists of the interest we earn on our bank deposits and late receipts and loans with affiliated companies.
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Tax
We have generated a profit in the past three years but have been able to eliminate all of our tax liability for these years by using a portion of the unrecognized losses carried forward from prior years. We do not believe that there is any restriction under current law or regulations that will limit our ability to continue carrying these net operating losses forward or to apply them to offset future taxable income.
Results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2005
The following table summarizes our consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31 2005 and 2006.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | £ | 239,498 | | | £ | 240,612 | | | £ | 1,114 | | | 0.5 | % |
Cost of sales | | | (136,317 | ) | | | (147,481 | ) | | | (11,164 | ) | | (8.2 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 103,181 | | | | 93,131 | | | | (10,050 | ) | | (9.7 | )% |
Distribution costs | | | (10,009 | ) | | | (10,385 | ) | | | (376 | ) | | (3.8 | )% |
Administrative expenses | | | (47,738 | ) | | | (53,683 | ) | | | (5,945 | ) | | (12.5 | )% |
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet | | | — | | | | 8,453 | | | | 8,453 | | | NM | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (57,747 | ) | | | (55,615 | ) | | | 2,132 | | | 3.7 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating profit | | | 45,434 | | | | 37,516 | | | | (7,918 | ) | | (17.4 | )% |
Finance revenue | | | 2,206 | | | | 1,503 | | | | (703 | ) | | (31.9 | )% |
Finance charges | | | (42,125 | ) | | | (16,191 | ) | | | 25,934 | | | NM | |
Tax benefit/(charge) | | | 2,477 | | | | (9,377 | ) | | | (11,854 | ) | | NM | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | 13,451 | | | £ | 5,459 | | | 68.3 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | |
Enterprise | | £ | 220,909 | | £ | 219,658 | | £ | (1,251 | ) | | (0.6 | )% |
Carrier data | | | 16,644 | | | 16,035 | | | (609 | ) | | (3.7 | )% |
Carrier voice | | | 1,445 | | | 4,394 | | | 2,949 | | | 204.1 | % |
Intercompany | | | 500 | | | 525 | | | 25 | | | 5.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 239,498 | | £ | 240,612 | | £ | 1,114 | | | 0.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Our consolidated revenue increased in 2006, compared to 2005. Increases in carrier voice were partially offset by decreases in enterprise and carrier data. Carrier voice revenues increased primarily due to increased sales volumes from new and existing customers, including contract novations from an affiliate, Global Crossing Europe Limited (“GCE”). Enterprise revenue decreased primarily due to (i) the continuing run off of previously notified contract losses with Her Majesty Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) and the Department for Work and Pensions (“DWP”), (ii) the previously disclosed cessation of the contract with Royal Bank of Scotland, and (iii) pricing reductions for certain telecommunications services, partially offset by additional revenues from the British Council and MTS contracts, from other recently signed contracts such as the Crown Prosecution Service and from equipment sales in the fourth quarter. The decrease in carrier data relates primarily to the cessation of third-party revenue recognition related to contracts with Fibernet since the acquisition date.
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Cost of Sales
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | |
Cost of access | | £ | 71,969 | | £ | 76,975 | | £ | 5,006 | | | 7.0 | % |
Customer specific costs(1) | | | 28,586 | | | 31,117 | | | 2,531 | | | 8.9 | % |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 18,134 | | | 22,757 | | | 4,623 | | | 25.5 | % |
Third party maintenance | | | 17,628 | | | 16,632 | | | (996 | ) | | (5.7 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 136,317 | | £ | 147,481 | | £ | 11,164 | | | 8.2 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | For operating leases and cost-plus arrangements only. |
Cost of sales increased year on year primarily due to increases in cost of access, customer specific costs and depreciation and amortization. The increase in cost of access is the result of (i) the inclusion of certain one-time benefits in 2005 relating to lower pricing for access circuits and the resolution of a dispute relating to mobile phone charges, and (ii) additional costs associated with the increase in carrier sales volume. The increase in customer specific costs is primarily the result of equipment sales in the fourth quarter of 2006. The increase in depreciation and amortization was primarily due to property, plant and equipment additions and a one time reduction in depreciation in the second quarter of 2005 following the return of assets previously held under a finance lease to Network Rail. These increases in cost of sales are partially offset by a reduction in third party maintenance, primarily due to negotiated contractual reductions.
Administrative Expenses
The increase in our administrative expense in the year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the same period in 2005 was primarily due to (i) a one time £4.1 million gain in 2005 resulting from the release of a finance lease obligation related to assets returned to Network Rail, (ii) a £3.0 million credit relating to the intercompany management fee (comprising costs charged under the corporate services and shared service agreement) received in 2005 and (iii) higher property tax rebates in 2005 including an English rates rebate of £4.9 million (net of interest received). These increases were partially offset by decreases totalling £6.4 million in (i) staff costs as a result of recording no annual bonus program accrual for 2006 and accruing other performance based compensation plans at a significantly lower rate than in 2005 as a result of not achieving 2006 financial targets; (ii) professional fees primarily due to the inclusion in 2005 of costs relating to our increased reporting requirements and the completion of the registered exchange offer, some of which were one-time in nature, and (iii) favourable exchange rate movements on foreign denominated balances (excluding the Senior Secured Notes and loans to group companies) in the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to the previous year.
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet
In 2006 the Company recognized an £8.4 million non-cash, non-taxable gain, resulting from the deemed settlement of pre-existing relationships with Fibernet and a £1.7 million gain resulting from negative goodwill arising on the acquisition of Fibernet (see note 4 “Business Combinations” within the accompanying consolidated financial statements). These gains were partially offset by the recognition of a £1.7 million restructuring charge relating to the termination of redundant Fibernet employees and the termination or restructuring of certain Fibernet facility lease agreements (see note 17 “Provisions” within the accompanying consolidated financial statements).
Finance Revenue
The decrease in finance revenue, in the year ended December 31, 2006 compared with the same period in 2005 was primarily due to interest received on higher average cash balances held on deposit throughout 2005 and unfavorable foreign exchange rate movement on loans due from GCE (see “Relationship with our Parent Company and its Affiliates—Loans to Group Companies” for more information), partially offset by interest charged on these loans.
Finance Charges
The decrease in finance charges in the year ended December 31, 2006 compared with the same period in 2005 was primarily due to a favorable exchange rate movement on the Senior Secured Notes resulting in an unrealized £14.1 million gain on foreign exchange in the year ended December 31, 2006 against an unrealized £12.2 million loss in the year ended December 31, 2005.
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Tax.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, we reduced our deferred tax asset by £8.6 million due to a change in our estimate of the future realization of our deferred tax assets, which had been created by prior years tax losses. At December 31, 2006 we had net unutilized operating losses carried forward of £309 million. At December 31, 2006 a £5.3 million deferred tax asset is reflected within our consolidated balance sheet due to the Company considering that it is more likely than not that sufficient profits will be available against which to offset the deferred tax asset.
A current year tax charge of £0.8 million has also been recorded, which reflects an amount payable under the tax sharing agreement for tax relief claimed from other UK entities of the Group.
Results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2005 compared to the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004
The following table summarizes our consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31 2004 and 2005.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | £ | 271,096 | | | £ | 239,498 | | | £ | (31,598 | ) | | (11.7 | )% |
Cost of sales | | | (156,735 | ) | | | (136,317 | ) | | | 20,418 | | | 13.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 114,361 | | | | 103,181 | | | | (11,180 | ) | | (9.8 | )% |
Distribution costs | | | (10,504 | ) | | | (10,009 | ) | | | 495 | | | 4.7 | % |
Administrative expenses | | | (40,258 | ) | | | (47,738 | ) | | | (7,480 | ) | | (18.6 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | (50,762 | ) | | | (57,747 | ) | | | (6,985 | ) | | (13.8 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating profit | | | 63,599 | | | | 45,434 | | | | (18,165 | ) | | (28.6 | )% |
Finance revenue | | | 1,324 | | | | 2,206 | | | | 882 | | | 66.6 | % |
Finance charges | | | (1,937 | ) | | | (42,125 | ) | | | (40,188 | ) | | NM | |
Tax benefit | | | 11,364 | | | | 2,477 | | | | (8,887 | ) | | (78.2 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit | | £ | 74,350 | | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | (66,358 | ) | | (89.3 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
NM Not meaningful
Revenue
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | |
Enterprise | | £ | 236,508 | | £ | 220,909 | | £ | (15,599 | ) | | (6.6 | )% |
Carrier data | | | 20,708 | | | 16,644 | | | (4,064 | ) | | (19.6 | )% |
Carrier voice | | | 13,276 | | | 1,445 | | | (11,831 | ) | | (89.1 | )% |
Intercompany | | | 604 | | | 500 | | | (104 | ) | | (17.2 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 271,096 | | £ | 239,498 | | £ | (31,598 | ) | | (11.7 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The decline in enterprise revenues results primarily from the losses of the Royal Bank of Scotland contract and BT Global Solutions contract of which we were notified in the first quarter of 2005, as well as the contract losses with HMRC and the DWP notified in 2004. Partially counterbalancing this are initial revenues from a new contract with the British Council and Taylor Woodrow Management Limited. In addition we experienced growth in revenues from MTS as new government departments start to use the MTS service, from Fujitsu due to additional services provided, and from other existing customers.
The decrease in carrier data revenue was primarily due to lower IRU revenue in 2005.
The decrease in carrier voice revenue was a result of the downsizing of our carrier voice business through pricing actions designed to maintain gross margins as part of strategic initiatives adopted by us and our parent company.
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Cost of Sales
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | |
Cost of access | | £ | 87,749 | | £ | 71,969 | | £ | (15,780 | ) | | (18.0 | )% |
Customer specific costs(1) | | | 28,716 | | | 28,586 | | | (130 | ) | | (0.5 | )% |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 19,854 | | | 18,134 | | | (1,720 | ) | | (8.7 | )% |
Third party maintenance | | | 20,416 | | | 17,628 | | | (2,788 | ) | | (13.7 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 156,735 | | £ | 136,317 | | £ | (20,418 | ) | | (13.0 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | For operating leases and cost-plus arrangements only. |
The decrease in our cost of sales is primarily attributable to lower cost of access charges mostly due to lower carrier voice sales volumes and implementing cost of access initiatives to optimize our network and effectively lower cost of access unit charges. We have also seen savings due to reduced BT line rentals as a result of the wholesale pricing change effected by the move to PPCs, including retrospectively applied PPC reclassifications, the resolution of a dispute related to mobile termination charges and lower mobile termination rates as a result of the decision by Ofcom to order mobile phone companies to reduce their charges. Third party maintenance costs were lower in 2005 due to the replacement of certain contracts that expired in 2004 and 2005 with lower cost equivalents. There was a decrease in amortization expense due to a write off of excess customer connection costs in the fourth quarter of 2004 of £1.7 million.
Distribution Costs
The reduction in our distribution costs was due to reduced staffing levels, partially offset by higher agency commission fees paid to third parties for the introduction of customers.
Administrative Expenses
The most significant change is an increase in foreign exchange expenses due to unfavorable movements in foreign exchange rates. Favorable movements in foreign exchange rates in 2004 led to a foreign exchange gain on certain inter-company balances in that year. We also incurred additional professional services costs, primarily audit, accounting consultancy and legal fees, many of which were one-time in nature, due to our preparation for our increased external reporting requirements. There was a decrease in the overall credits related to restructuring due to changes made to our restructuring assumptions. These increases are partially offset by a decrease in management fees, facilities costs and by release of certain capital lease obligations. Our management fee (comprising costs charged under the corporate services and shared services agreement) decreased when compared with 2004, due to overhead cost cutting at the corporate level. Our office and facilities costs decreased because of higher property tax rebates in 2005 as compared with 2004 (see below), partially offset by increase in rents as a result of rent reviews on several of our properties and higher utilities in 2005. In the second quarter of 2005 certain copper assets previously held under the finance lease with Network Rail were returned to Network Rail. At that time we recognized a gain on release of this capital lease obligation.
Finance Revenue
The increase in finance revenue, in the year ended December 31, 2005 compared with the same period in 2004 was primarily due to interest received on higher average cash balances held on deposit throughout 2005.
Finance Charges
The increase in finance charges, in the year ended December 31, 2005 compared with the same period in 2004 was primarily due to interest payable on the Notes issued in December 2004, partially offset by the interest charged in 2004 on the STT bridge facility. The foreign exchange cost associated with these transactions has also contributed to this variance.
Tax
During the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, we recognized increases in our deferred tax asset due to there being sufficient positive evidence of the future realization of our tax asset which had been created by prior years’ losses. At December 31, 2005, we had net unutilized operating losses carried forward of £264 million.
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Recently Issued IFRS Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for a full description of recently issued IFRS accounting pronouncements including the expected date of adoption.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The review of our results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS.
The preparation of these consolidated financial statements, in conformity with IFRS requires our management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and revenue and expenses during the period. Critical accounting policies are those that are the most important to the portrayal of our balance sheet, profit and loss and cash flows and require management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Our management bases its estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that it believes are reasonable. We also prepare a reconciliation of our net profit and equity shareholder’s deficit to US GAAP. Our critical accounting policies are discussed below and should be read in conjunction with our disclosure of significant accounting policies provided in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. The Company has determined that critical accounting policies of the Company are the same under IFRS and US GAAP. For specific differences relating to these policies, see note 30 to our consolidated financial statements.
Provisions for Credit Notes
During each reporting period, we must make estimates for potential future sales credits to be issued in respect of current revenues, related to billing errors, service interruptions and customer disputes. We analyze historical credit activity and changes in customer demands related to current billing and service interruptions when evaluating our credit note provision requirements. We reserve for known billing errors and service interruptions as incurred. We review customer disputes and reserve against those we believe to be valid claims. We also estimate a general sales credit reserve related to unknown billing errors and disputes based on such historical credit activity. The determination of the sales credit and customer dispute credit reserve requirements involves significant estimation and assumption. The actual credit notes issued may deviate from this estimate due to changes in the underlying data. We review the estimates every period and may be required to adjust the estimate in a subsequent period. There have been no material adjustments in any of the periods presented. The provision for credit notes was £3.7 million, £2.8 million and £4.1 million at December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The expense recorded in the year ended December 31, 2004 was £3.8 million, and the credit recorded in the year ended December 31, 2005 was £0.9 million. The expense recorded in the year ended December 31, 2006 was £1.3 million.
Cost of Access Accruals
Cost of access, our single largest expense amounting to approximately £87.7 million, £72.0 million and £77.0 million, or 32.4%, 30.0% and 32.0% of revenue for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, is expensed as incurred. The recognition of these costs involves the use of various management estimates and assumptions and requires us to rely on non-financial systems. Consistent with other costs recorded in each reporting period, we incur a significant amount of services for which suppliers have not yet billed us during that period. We therefore need to make significant estimates for our access costs, specifically regarding traffic resulting in usage-based access costs. Our cost of access is primarily comprised of usage-based voice charges paid to other carriers to originate and/or terminate switched voice traffic, and charges for leased lines for dedicated facilities. The usage-based voice accruals are a direct result of the traffic volume in the particular month for which we do not have invoices at the time of the close of our monthly reporting period. We utilize the minute volumes reports from our switched network that feed into an internal access reporting system, which also maintains our access supplier contract and tariff rates on a rate table to assist in estimating our usage-based access costs. Dedicated facility access costs are also estimated based on the number of circuits and the average circuit costs, based on our internal records, adjusted for contracted rate changes. Management continuously monitors the accuracy of our systems to measure network volumes and track circuits, and our rate tables are updated frequently to maintain the accuracy of the rate structure we have with our access providers and per the current regulated tariff rates. After payment of invoices from access providers (which can take 90 days to receive following the close of the monthly reporting period), we evaluate whether we require an aggregate adjustment to the total accrual. In certain instances, we engage in a reconciliation process with the access providers in order to
46
arrive at a mutual understanding of the appropriate level of charges. We typically maintain an accrual for the amount subject to dispute and generally withhold payment until the dispute is settled. Due to the complexity of the combination of changing regulations, pricing fluctuations, measuring traffic volumes and new supplier agreements, the estimates are subject to change. Changing regulations regarding access rules and related charges also create uncertainty regarding how the changes may impact the rate tables that we maintain internally. In spite of the difficulties involved in the estimation process, we believe we have established adequate access cost accruals due to our overall approach.
Valuation of Fixed Assets
We assess fixed assets that have finite useful economic lives for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable or otherwise as required by accounting standards. Factors that would indicate potential impairment include the following:
| • | | significant under-performance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; |
| • | | significant changes in the use of our assets or a change in our business strategy; |
| • | | significant changes in technology and the regulatory environment; and |
| • | | significant negative industry or economic trends. |
Recoverability of assets is measured under IFRS by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to its recoverable amount, calculated as the higher of the net selling price or the discounted future net cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Recoverability of assets is measured under US GAAP by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the sum of the undiscounted identifiable cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition.
If the assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured under both IFRS and US GAAP as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the net realizable value of the assets and is recorded as a charge to operating income. The most significant estimates made in determining discounted future net cash flows include the selection of the appropriate discount rates, residual asset values, our estimated long-term growth rates and the number of years on which to base the cash flow projections. While we believe that our assumptions are appropriate, such estimated amounts could differ materially from what will actually occur in the future.
Based on our assessment of recoverability, we have no such impairments during the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006.
Pension Benefits
Our employees participate in two occupational pension schemes: the Railways Pension Scheme, which is a defined benefit scheme; and the Global Crossing Pension Scheme, which has a defined contribution section and a defined benefit section. The Company accounts for retirement benefits in accordance with, IAS 19 “Employee benefits” (“IAS 19”). Under US GAAP, pensions are accounted for in accordance with SFAS 158 “Accounting for Defined Benefits Pension and Other Postretirement Plans” (“SFAS 158”). See note 30 in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
The pension assets, liabilities and expense recorded are based on a number of actuarial assumptions. These assumptions include discount rate, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and inflation rates. The assumptions are based on current market conditions, historical information and consultation with and input from our actuaries. These assumptions are reviewed annually. While we believe that the assumptions we use are appropriate based on available information, these assumptions may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, higher or lower withdrawal rates or longer or shorter lives of participants. These differences may result in a significant impact on the amount of our future pension expense and resulting asset or liability.
Restructuring
We have engaged in restructuring activities, which require us to make significant judgments and estimates in determining restructuring charges, including, but not limited to, sublease income or disposal costs, length of time on market for abandoned rented facilities, and contractual termination costs. Such estimates are inherently judgmental and changes in such estimates, especially as they relate to contractual lease commitments and related anticipated third-party sublease payments, could have a material effect on the onerous lease liabilities and
47
consolidated income statement. This restructuring provision is composed of continuing building lease obligations and broker commissions for the restructured sites (aggregating £36.7 million as of December 31, 2006), offset by discounted anticipated receipts from existing and future third-party subleases. As of December 31, 2006, anticipated third-party sublease receipts were £29.4 million, representing £21.7 million from subleases already entered into and £7.7 million for subleases projected to be entered into in the future. We continually review the anticipated costs and third-party sublease payments on a quarterly basis and record adjustments for changes in these estimates in the period such changes become known. For further information related to our restructuring activities see note 17, “Provisions,” to the accompanying consolidated financial statements. For information related to differences between IFRS and US GAAP, see note 30 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes
We have significant deferred tax assets related primarily to net operating losses (“NOLs”). The realization of these assets is not assured and depends on sufficient taxable income being generated in the future. Management has exercised judgment in determining the extent of the realization of these losses based upon estimates of future taxable income. Where there is an expectation that, on the balance of probabilities, there will not be sufficient taxable profits to use these NOLs, the asset has not been recorded. If actual events differ from our management’s estimates, or to the extent that these estimates are adjusted in the future, any changes to the realizability of these estimates could materially impact our financial position and results of operations. At December 31, 2006, we had a total deferred tax asset of £95.7 million. Of this amount, £5.3 million of deferred tax asset was recognized due to sufficient positive evidence of the realization of the assets in the foreseeable future.
B. | Liquidity and Capital Resources |
At December 31, 2006 our available liquidity consisted of £40.3 million of cash and cash equivalents. Our liquidity requirements arise primarily from capital expenditure, finance charges, and to a lesser extent, working capital requirements. Since the second quarter of 2003, our cash flows from operations have been sufficient to meet our liquidity needs. We may, from time to time, upstream cash to our parent and other group companies. It will not be possible for us to pay dividends to our shareholder, an indirect subsidiary of our parent, until such time as our accumulated realized profits exceed our accumulated realized losses. It is anticipated, therefore, that we will not be in a position to pay dividends for some time, and any funds to be upstreamed to our parent are likely to be by way of intercompany loans. The terms of any intercompany loan made by us to our parent or its subsidiaries will reflect our ongoing liquidity requirements, the restrictions contained in the covenants in the Indenture and the requirements of English law.
Within 120 days after the period beginning December 23, 2004 and ending December 31, 2005 and for each 12-month period thereafter, GCUK must offer to purchase a portion of the Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the purchase date, with 50% of the Designated Cash Flow (as defined in the Indenture) from that period (the “Annual Repurchase Offer”). Designated Cash Flow means the Company’s consolidated net income plus non-cash charges minus capital expenditures, calculated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. In respect of the 2006 Annual Repurchase Offer, we will not offer to purchase any of the Notes as a result of not meeting the stipulated cash flow requirement.
Future Sources and Uses of Liquidity
In 2005, we signed an agreement for a £10 million finance lease facility, of which £4.9 million had been drawn down as at December 31, 2006. The facility is used to finance the rollout of IP enabled switches to Network Rail and certain other train operating companies.
Our parent company may continue to use us as a source of funding for itself and its affiliates, subject to the covenants in the Notes and restrictions under English law, and we may continue to periodically to upstream our excess cash flow through loans, if possible, or dividends. The restrictions in the Indenture and under English law will limit the amount and terms relating to funds sent to our parent and its affiliates. See “Indebtedness—Senior Secured Notes” for further information on this.
During 2006 we made net loans to GCE of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) during this twelve month period. See Item 7 “Major shareholders and Related Party Transactions”.
On April 11, 2007, the GCUK board of directors approved an additional US$15 million loan to be provided to GCE during the second quarter of 2007. The loan will be made in accordance with the Indenture and under the same terms and conditions as provided to GCE (see Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions”).
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We expect that operating cash flow will suffice to meet our required anticipated liquidity requirements including those related to capital expenditures (including those related to capital leases) and servicing interest due on the Senior Secured Notes.
Cash-Generating Business
In each of the two years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, we were a cash-generating business. We generated cash from operations (before interest payments) of £64.6 million and £61.4 million, and made interest payments of £26.9 million and £26.5 million, for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
We maintain daily reporting of our cash position and measure our performance against our expected cash flows weekly. The expected impact on short-term and long-term cash performance is a critical topic in each significant business decision, including when we negotiate new contracts and renegotiate existing contracts with customers.
Cash Flow Activity
The table below shows our net cash flow for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | Change | | | % Change | |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | £ | 37,638 | | | £ | 34,910 | | | £ | (2,728 | ) | | (7.2 | )% |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (7,963 | ) | | | (61,700 | ) | | | (53,737 | ) | | NM | |
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities | | | (6,021 | ) | | | 22,252 | | | | 28,273 | | | NM | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | £ | 23,654 | | | £ | (4,538 | ) | | £ | (28,192 | ) | | NM | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash inflow from operations consists of five major ongoing components: profit adjusted for net finance charges, income tax, depreciation and amortization, and certain other significant non-cash items; changes in working capital; changes in provisions; changes in other assets and liabilities; and interest paid. Within working capital, the major items are increases and decreases in creditors and debtors. We include inter-company trade payables and receivables in those categories, as well as certain inter-company financial obligations that do not qualify as debt.
Net cash flow from investing activities includes interest received on bank deposits, interest received on finance lease receivables and payments to acquire tangible fixed assets and subsidiaries, net of cash acquired.
Net cash flow from financing activities includes the issuance of the Notes, loans provided by and repaid to group companies, repayments of capital lease obligations and receipts from capital leases.
Net Cash Flow from Operations
Net cash provided by operating activities was £37.6 million and £34.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The decrease was primarily the result of the change in profits after deducting certain non-cash items partially offset by a favorable movement in working capital. Cash provided by changes in working capital were £1.4 million and £9.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, changes in working capital are subject to significant variability from quarter to quarter depending on the timing of operating cash receipts and payments together with customer billing cycles and supplier invoicing. We incur interest expenditure on our finance leases and Senior Secured Notes. Interest expenditure fluctuates from period to period as additional assets are covered by our finance leases and as the current portion of finance leases expire.
Net cash flow from investing activities
We increased our level of capital expenditure, when compared to the previous year, by £11.0 million to £20.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to requirements under the security accreditation of our Customer Network Operations Centre, the fit-out of our London head office, the installation of SAP, the upgrade of our operator services platform and the capital expenditure associated with the delivery of the Vodafone contract.
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In the next few years we expect to continue to pursue a focused and disciplined capital expenditure program. We plan to maintain and enhance our existing network in order to improve our services and to meet customer requirements. We anticipate that our capital expenditures for the medium term will consist almost exclusively of product development-related expenditures tied to revenue growth (for example, investments in customer premises equipment) and maintenance expenses. However, we may have to increase our expenditures as a result of regulatory requirements or to keep up with technological innovations implemented by our competitors.
Net cash outflow in connection with the acquisition of Fibernet comprised £53.1 million paid to GC Acquisitions offset by £8.1 million net cash acquired.
Interest received increased, when compared to the previous year, by £2.3 million to £3.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to interest received on net loans made to GCE. See Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related party Transactions”.
Net cash flow from financing activities
Net cash inflow from issuance of the Additional Notes comprised £56.8 million gross proceeds less £1.4 million capitalizable financing fees.
The Company made net loans to GCE of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) during this twelve month period. See Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions”.
Indebtedness
Senior Secured Notes
On December 23, 2004, the Issuer issued the Initial Notes comprising $200.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 10.75% US dollar-denominated senior secured notes and £105.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 11.75% pound sterling-denominated senior secured notes. The Initial Notes were issued at a discount of approximately £3.0 million. The Initial Notes mature on the tenth anniversary of their issuance.
On December 28, 2006, the Issuer completed its offering of the Additional Notes. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of Additional Notes was priced at 109.25% of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the Indenture pursuant to which GC Finance previously issued the Initial Notes. The proceeds from the Additional Notes were used to finance the Fibernet acquisition.
Interest is payable in cash semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The discount, premium and fees associated with the issuance of the Notes are amortized over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method.
The Notes are senior obligations of the Issuer and rank equal in right of payment with all of its future debt. The Guarantors have guaranteed the Notes as a senior obligation ranking in equal right of payment with all of their existing and future debt. The Notes are secured by certain assets of the Guarantors, including the capital stock of the Issuer and Fibernet , but certain material assets of the Guarantors do not serve as collateral for the Notes.
The Issuer may redeem the Notes in whole or in part, at any time on or after December 15, 2009, at redemption prices decreasing from 105.375% (for the US dollar-denominated Notes) or 105.875% (for the pound sterling-denominated Notes) in 2009 to 100% of their principal amount in 2012 and thereafter, plus any accrual and unpaid interest. At any time before December 15, 2009, the Issuer may redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole or in part, by paying a “make-whole” premium, calculated in accordance with the Indenture. The Issuer may also redeem up to 35% of the principal amount of either series of Notes before December 15, 2007 using the proceeds of certain equity offerings. The Issuer may also redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole or in part at a price equal to their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, upon certain changes in tax laws and regulations that cannot reasonably be avoided.
If we undergo specific kinds of changes in control, we or the Issuer must offer to repurchase the Notes at a redemption price equal to 101% of the principal amount. The Notes may also be called at par by STT Communications Ltd (or one of its affiliates), for so long as it together with its affiliates holds not less than 50% of the then outstanding principal amount of our parent’s mandatory convertible notes at any time, in the event of certain payment events of default or post acceleration and in the case of certain enforcement events.
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The Notes were issued under the Indenture, which includes covenants and events of default that are customary for high-yield senior note issuances. The Indenture limits the Company and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions to repurchase or redeem its stock, (iii) make investments or other restricted payments, (iv) create liens, (v) enter into certain transactions with affiliates, (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the ability of its material subsidiaries to pay dividends, and (vii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets.
Within 120 days after the end of the period beginning December 23, 2004 and ending December 31, 2005 and for each 12-month period thereafter, GCUK must offer to purchase a portion of the Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the purchase date, with 50% of Designated Cash Flow (as defined in the Indenture) (“Designated Cash Flow”) from that period (the “Annual Repurchase Offer”). Designated Cash Flow means the Company’s consolidated net income plus non-cash charges minus capital expenditures, calculated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. In respect of the 2006 Annual Repurchase Offer, we will not offer to purchase any of the Notes as a result of not meeting the stipulated cash flow requirement.
A loan or dividend by the Company to GCL and its affiliates is a restricted payment under the Indenture. Under the Indenture such a payment (i) may be made only if the Company is not then in default under the Indenture and would be permitted at that time to incur additional indebtedness under the applicable debt incurrence test; (ii) may generally be made only within ten business days of consummation of each Annual Repurchase Offer; and (iii) would generally be limited to 50% of the Company’s Designated Cash Flow plus the portion, if any, of the applicable Annual Repurchase Offer that the holders of the Notes decline to accept. In addition, so long as the Company is not then in default under the Indenture, it may make up to £10.0 million in the aggregate in restricted payments in excess of 50% of Designated Cash Flow for a given period; provided that any such excess payments shall reduce the amount of restricted payments permitted to be paid out of future Designated Excess Cash Flow. Under our parent’s convertible notes indenture, loans from the Company to GCL or GCL’s other subsidiaries must be subordinated to the payment of obligations under our parent’s convertible notes. The terms of any inter-company loan by the Company to GCL or GCL’s other subsidiaries are required by the Indenture to be at arm’s length and, if for a sum in excess of £5 million, must be approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Company’s Board of Directors, including its independent members. In the exercise of their fiduciary duties, the Company’s directors will require the Company to maintain a minimum cash balance in an amount they deem prudent.
In August 2005, we filed a registration statement with the SEC in relation to an offer to exchange the Initial Notes for publicly tradable notes that have identical terms (except for terms concerning additional interest and transfer restrictions). The exchange offer was completed in September 2005. The exchange notes together with the unregistered Notes that remain outstanding after the completion of the exchange offer are treated as a single class of debt securities under the Indenture. The US dollar-denominated exchange notes are eligible for trading in the Private Offerings, Resales, and Trading through Automatic Linkages Market, commonly referred to as the Portal Market. As of September 27, 2005 when the exchange offer closed, the exchange offer was taken up by 99.93% of the holders of the $200 million 10.75% senior secured notes and 100% of the holders of the £105 million 11.75% senior secured notes.
The Additional Notes were sold only to qualified institutional buyers in the United States under Rule 144A and to qualified investors outside the United States that are non-U.S. Persons under Regulation S and have not been and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any other applicable securities laws. The Additional Notes may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements. The Company intends to file a registrations statement with the SEC in relation to an offer to exchange the Additional Notes for publicly tradable Notes during the second half of 2007.
Our Lease Obligations
We have capitalized commitments for property, plant and equipment and computer software that qualify as obligations under finance leases. Our lease with Network Rail, the largest of our finance leases, includes fiber and equipment on the rail network. At December 31, 2006, the total liability under the Network Rail lease was £20.1 million, a decrease in our liability of £2.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2006. The other finance leases have a total liability of £12.3 million outstanding and include voice equipment supporting various customers. Obligations under finance leases are recognized in current and non current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets included within our consolidated financial statements.
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Our operating leases cover both leases of real property and leases of equipment. The real property leases require us to make payments aggregating about £111.3 million.
C. | Research and development, patents and licenses |
Not applicable
We believe that the most important factor affecting our future results will be our ability to retain our existing customers, particularly our large enterprise customers. We have long-term contracts with many of our enterprise customers, and our ability to renew those contracts at acceptable margins will be key to our financial success. Growing our relationships with our existing and new customers and migrating them to IP-based platforms are other important success factors.
We are experiencing pricing pressure in both the carrier sector and the enterprise sector. Our strategy for addressing this pressure is an important factor for our financial success. We are taking mitigating measures by focusing our strategy on selling higher margin products and services to our customers with the aim of retaining revenue and margins, including with existing customers and on contract renewals.
We believe that a key success factor in acquiring new customers will be our ability to build cooperative relationships with system integrators (“SIs”). SIs have assisted us in pursuing new customers and have allowed us to bundle our services with the equipment or applications that they provide. We currently serve several very large customers through SI relationships and we plan to continue improving our ability to partner with successful SIs in order to win customers.
E. | Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements |
Off balance sheet arrangements are defined as being any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement to which an entity unconsolidated by the Company, is a party, under which the Company has (i) any obligation under a guarantee contract, (ii) a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred, (iii) an obligation under a derivative instrument, or (iv) any obligation, including a contingent obligation, arising out of a variable interest.
We are not party to any off-balance sheet arrangements.
F. | Contractual Obligations |
Tabular Presentation of Cash Commitments at December 31, 2006
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1-3 years | | 3-5 years | | More than 5 years |
| | (in thousands) |
Debt obliagtions(¹) | | £ | 497,222 | | £ | 30,427 | | £ | 60,854 | | £ | 58,808 | | £ | 347,133 |
Finance lease and hire purchase obligations | | | 41,942 | | | 11,998 | | | 15,488 | | | 5,803 | | | 8,653 |
Operating lease obligations | | | 111,330 | | | 18,131 | | | 27,751 | | | 18,026 | | | 47,422 |
Purchase obligations(²) | | | 133,082 | | | 60,570 | | | 42,923 | | | 12,763 | | | 16,826 |
Pension obligations | | | 14,145 | | | 1,194 | | | 2,517 | | | 2,728 | | | 7,706 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | £ | 797,721 | | £ | 122,320 | | £ | 149,533 | | £ | 98,128 | | £ | 427,740 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | The amounts presented include both principal and interest. The principal repayment of the Notes of approximately £258.9 million included within the “More than 5 years” section of the table. As the Designated Cash Flow will vary from period to period we have not predicted early purchases of the Notes. The $200.0 million principal has been translated for all periods at the December 31, 2006 year-end rate of 1.9623 US dollars to one pound sterling. The US dollar interest included in the period up to five years has been calculated using the swap rate of 1.945 US dollars for one pound sterling. The US dollar interest included in periods of more than five years has been calculated using the bond rate of 10.75% and has been translated at a rate of 1.9623 US dollars to one pound sterling. The pound sterling interest has been calculated using the bond rate of 11.75%. |
(2) | Amounts represent contractual commitments to third parties to purchase network access services (£57.5 million), the undiscounted value of rental payments for restructured properties (£33.3 million), maintenance services for portions of our network (£24.2 million) and other purchase commitments (£18.1 million, which includes £13.0 million in respect of committed capital expenditure). These amounts are expected to incurred within 12 months of the year end. |
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ITEM 6. | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES |
A. | Directors, Senior Management |
The Issuer’s board of directors consists of the same Board of Directors as ours. The business address of each director of the Issuer and the Company is 1 London Bridge, London SE1 9BG, England. Certain of our senior managers have responsibilities for their respective functions in Europe in addition to their responsibility for the management of our Company. In most instances, our and our parent’s senior management is not employed by us, but by one of our affiliates.
Our directors, executive management and senior management, and their ages and positions, are as follows:
| | | | |
Name | | Age | | Position |
José Antonio Ríos(1) | | 61 | | Chairman; International President, Global Crossing Limited |
| | |
Anthony D Christie(2)(3) | | 45 | | Managing Director, UK and Europe |
| | |
Niall Anderson(1)(2)(4)(5) | | 41 | | Managing Director, Enterprise |
| | |
Bernard Keogh(1) | | 39 | | Regional General Counsel, Europe |
| | |
John McShane(1) | | 45 | | Executive Vice President and General Counsel, Global Crossing Limited |
| | |
Richard Atkins(1) | | 55 | | Non-Executive |
| | |
John Hughes(1) | | 55 | | Non-Executive |
| | |
Peter Chubb(2)(7) | | 50 | | Vice President, Operations |
| | |
Peter Cladingbowl(2) | | 42 | | Vice President, Information Systems, UK and Europe |
| | |
Benjamin Ellis(2)(9) | | 37 | | Vice President, Marketing, UK and Europe |
| | |
Isabel Gibb(2) 6) | | 50 | | Vice President, Human Resources, UK and Europe |
| | |
Derek M Lister(8) | | 45 | | Vice President of Carrier Sales, UK |
| | |
Raymond Moulton | | 43 | | Director for Financial Planning and Analysis |
| | |
Dougald Robinson | | 51 | | Vice President, European Regulatory Affairs |
| | |
Robert Turnbull | | 54 | | Vice President, Access Management |
| | |
Shaun Tweed(2) | | 41 | | UK Finance Director |
(1) | Member of the GCUK Board of Directors |
(2) | Member of the Company’s executive management. |
(3) | Phil Metcalf, who was the Company’s Managing Director throughout 2006, resigned from the Company effective April 2007. |
(4) | Keith Cameron, who was the Company’s Regional Vice President, Enterprise Sales, resigned from the Company effective April 2006. |
(5) | Niall Anderson was appointed a director of the Company in February 2007. |
(6) | Isabel Gibb joined the Company on April 2, 2007. |
(7) | Brad Kneller, who was the Company’s Vice President, Regional Operations, resigned from the Company effective September 2006. Pending the appointment of a permanent replacement, his role has been performed by other members of the Company’s (or one of its affiliate’s) management. The Company has hired Peter Chubb in the role of Vice President, Operations. Mr Chubb joined the Company on 10 April 2007. |
(8) | Derek Lister’s appointment as Vice President of Carrier Sales, UK, allows Keith Westcott who, in his role as Senior Vice President of Carrier Sales had responsibility for the UK, to focus on the non-UK business. |
(9) | Stephen Jenkins, who was the Company’s Vice President, Global Crossing Marketing—Europe, resigned from the Company effective May 2006. Pending the appointment of a permanent replacement, his role has been performed by other members of the Company’s (or one of its affiliate’s) management. The Company has hired Benjamin Ellis in the role of Vice President, Global Crossing Marketing —UK & Europe. Mr Ellis joined the Company on April 9, 2007. |
The Company is currently engaged in the process of recruiting a Chief Financial Officer.
José Antonio Ríos became President of Global Crossing International in May 2001 and Chief Administrative Officer of Global Crossing Limited in November 2002, a position he held until January 31, 2007. Prior to joining our parent in 2001, Mr. Ríos served as President and CEO of Telefónica Media from 1999 to 2000 and served on the boards of more than 30 companies within the Telefónica group. During his tenure with Telefónica, Mr. Ríos
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served as Chairman of Atento, a Telefónica subsidiary. Prior to Telefónica, Mr. Ríos was the founding President and Chief Executive Officer of DIRECTV Latin America from 1995 to 1999, during which time he was also a Vice President of Hughes Electronics and a member of its management committee. From 1980 to 1995, he served as Chief Operating Officer and Corporate Vice President of the Cisneros Group of Companies.
In addition to his corporate responsibilities, Mr. Ríos served as Chairman of the Board of Global Marine Systems, a unit of our parent company, until August 2004. Mr. Ríos also serves as a director in 44 other affiliates of our parent in 18 countries worldwide. Mr. Ríos also serves on the boards of RingCentral and Claxson Interactive Group Inc., and is a director of the prestigious Fundacion Pais Digital (Digital Nation Foundation). In addition, he serves as a board member of the Inter-American Dialogue’s Latin America Advisor, an organization comprised of top public and private sector officials invested in Latin America’s development and future. From 2000 to 2002, he served as Chairman of the supervisory board of Endemol Entertainment, Europe’s premier independent TV production company based in Holland. For his various achievements and contributions, Hispanic Engineer and Information Technology named Mr. Ríos as one of the 50 Top Hispanics in Technology and Business for 2005 in the United States. In 2004, Hispanic Business Magazine named him to their list of the 100 most influential players in US business: 100 Influentials: Catalysts for Economic and Social Empowerment from Wall Street to Washington.
Mr. Ríos and his family are long time supporters of Operation Smile, a non-profit organization that provides global medical assistance to children born with facial deformities. In October 2002, he became a founding member of its board of governors. Mr. Ríos holds a degree in Industrial Engineering from the Andres Bello Catholic University in Caracas.
Anthony D. Christie became Managing Director in March 2007. Mr. Christie was named executive vice president and chief marketing officer of Global Crossing in November 2003. From February 2002 through November 2003, Mr. Christie served as senior vice president, global product management, having previously served as senior vice president, business integration and strategic planning from November 2001. Mr. Christie is accountable for global product strategy development, deployment, marketing, and profit and loss for all wholesale and retail products for GCL. Prior to joining Global Crossing, Mr. Christie was vice president, business development and strategic planning for Asia Global Crossing from March 2000 through October 2001. In this position, Mr. Christie was accountable for all business and corporate development, joint venture and mergers and acquisitions activities, as well as overall strategic planning for the company. Prior to joining Asia Global Crossing, Mr. Christie was general manager and network vice president at AT&T Solutions in New York City from November 1999 through March 2000, having also held the position of Global Sales and Operations vice president in AT&T’s outsourcing division from June 1998 through November 1999. From June 1997 through June 1998, Mr. Christie was a Sloan Fellow at MIT. Prior thereto, Mr. Christie held positions in AT&T’s International Operations Division that included an assignment as the regional managing director for the Consumer Markets Division in Asia.
Niall Anderson was appointed regional vice president of enterprise sales in April 2006 and was named as Managing Director Enterprise and appointed to the board of GCUK in February 2007. In his capacity as Managing Director Enterprise, Mr Anderson has strengthened Global Crossing’s significant presence in the government, rail transportation and corporate sectors, leading the transformation of the sales strategy to develop new business outside GCUK’s core segments, creating a commercial business unit structured around closely targeted vertical markets and incorporating new capabilities in the financial services sector as a result of the Fibernet acquisition.
Mr Anderson has more than 15 years’ experience in the telecommunications and IT industries. Before joining Global Crossing, he held a number of successful sales positions at Equant, including head of sales for UK and Ireland. At Equant, he restructured the sales organization, creating a demand-led strategy and developed a highly successful integration business. Prior to this, Mr Anderson was involved in developing the service provider strategy at Sun Microsystems and has held a variety of sales positions including regional sales manager, UK sales manager and vice president of UK sales at Axinter Communications & Integration, which later became Comparex Networks.
Bernard Keogh became a director of GCUK in July 2004 and was appointed Regional General Counsel, Europe in January 2004. Prior to this, he held various roles within Global Crossing affiliates, which he joined in April 2000. From January 1999 to March 2000, he was the Chief Legal Adviser at the Commission for Communications Regulation, the telecommunications regulatory body in Ireland. From 1990 to 1999, he practiced law with William Fry, a leading corporate and commercial law firm in Dublin, Ireland.
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John McShanejoined the board of GCUK in June 2005 and was named executive vice president and general counsel of Global Crossing in March 2002. Mr. McShane oversees and manages all of our parent’s legal matters. Mr. McShane joined Global Crossing in February 1999 as our European assistant general counsel where he oversaw and managed legal affairs for the European region, including the buildout of the PEC network. As assistant general counsel he also had responsibility for the oversight of worldwide sales and telecommunications network outsourcing transactions for Global Crossing’s Solutions business unit and major vendor supply agreements. Prior to joining Global Crossing, Mr. McShane spent twelve years at several international law firms, including positions as an associate at Simpson Thacher & Bartlett from 1987 through 1996 and as senior counsel at Shearman and Sterling, Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft, and Brown & Wood, where his main focus was on representing major commercial banks, financial institutions and corporations in connection with a broad range of their corporate, commercial and financing activities.
Richard Atkinsjoined the board of GCUK in June 2005. From 2002 to 2005, he was the General Manager of IBM Global Services North Region, where he was responsible for end-to-end strategy, sales and profit and loss management. From 1997 to 2002, he held various other positions at IBM, including the positions of General Manager at different divisions of IBM Global Services from 2000 to 2002 and Vice President of IBM Global Services, Service Delivery, EMEA Geoplex from 1999 to 2000. From 1991 to 1996, Mr. Atkins was the finance director of Data Sciences. Mr. Atkins was also a member of the IBM Senior Leadership Team.
John Hughesjoined the board of GCUK in June 2005. Since March 2005, Mr. Hughes has been the Chairman of Intec Telecom Systems plc. In May 2005, he also became the Chairman of Parity Group plc. From 2000 to 2004, he was the Chief Executive Officer of IT and Services Business Area of the Thales Group and the Chairman of Thales Venture Capital. Between 2002 and 2004, he also served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Thales Group and assumed the role of Chief Executive Officer of Aerospace in addition to IT and Services Business Area. Mr. Hughes served as President, GSM/UMTS Wireless Networks of Lucent Technologies from 1997 to 2000 and held various positions at Hewlett Packard from 1991 to 1997.
Peter Chubb serves as vice president of engineering and operations for UK and Continental European operations.
Mr. Chubb has more than 30 years’ experience in the telecommunications and IT industries, with a career spanning engineering, operations, IT, major project management and direct sales. Prior to joining us in April 2007, he was a senior consultant in charge of the technical design and implementation of a national next-generation network in Saudi Arabia supporting both IP voice and wireless data services.
Before that, Mr. Chubb was director of operations at T-Mobile UK with responsibility for the network, service operations and IT and information systems. Whilst at T-Mobile UK, he led a number of successful network, technology and systems improvement programs that resulted in driving up Network and IT service quality as well as significant operational efficiencies and financial savings.
Prior to T-Mobile, Mr. Chubb held management positions at World Access Communications, Viatel, Nortel Networks and BT. While at Viatel, he led major network build projects, including the roll out of a pan-European network. At BT, he rose through the ranks to become a group manager, undertaking key roles in the development of operational support systems and introducing improved processes for circuit provision and maintenance.
Peter Cladingbowl serves as Vice-President, European and UK Information Systems. Previously, he was part of the Global Network Operations team where he held the position of Director Business Operations and was responsible for operational support systems and global network performance management. During this time, network availability rose to 99.99% and he put in place a strategy for intelligent network systems with the objective of both improving the overall customer experience and operational productivity by creating a “self aware” network. Peter joined Global Crossing from Racal Telecom where, as product planning and process manager, he developed and implemented an on-line product catalogue and order management system. In his early career with Global Crossing, he led the program to integrate business and network management systems. Peter has substantial experience in manufacturing and started his career as a geophysical engineer in the off-shore oil industry. He holds a BSC (Mech.) Eng from the University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Benjamin Ellis joined Global Crossing in April 2007 as Vice-President of Marketing for the UK and Europe. He is responsible for a multi-disciplinary team that covers product development and management, the regional implementation of global services, segment marketing and marketing communications.
55
He has over 15 years’ experience in Internet and IP-based technologies across Europe and the US and specialises in exploiting the business potential of new and challenging technologies.
Mr. Ellis has a record of accomplishment in engineering, marketing and management acquired during his tenure at Cisco Systems, Juniper Networks and Continuum Europe, an IT services company that focused on the financial sector before being acquired by systems integrator CSC. He has experience of working in a global environment and the fast pace of technology start-up companies such as Virtual Access and Psytechnics.
In his most recent role, he was vice-president of global marketing and product management at Psytechnics, a BT spin-off backed by 3i. As part of the senior management team, he was responsible for strategy, marketing and product management, taking the lead for the development of a new, high-value strategic direction.
He joined Juniper Networks at a time of rapid growth, taking on leadership roles for product marketing and rising to the position of director of strategic marketing and communications. During this time, he led the product and solutions marketing teams, guiding global product marketing strategy and messaging. Latterly, he assumed responsibility for all external communications and strategic planning.
At Cisco Systems, he provided advocacy on Internet technology across the organisation and was instrumental for the launch and marketing of Cisco’s top-selling firewall and advanced IP product set. He developed Cisco’s Internet business unit from initiation to a rapidly growing multi-million dollar business.
Mr. Ellis holds a BSc in electronic engineering from the University of Kent, Canterbury and a post-graduate Certificate of Education from Christ Church College, Canterbury. Earlier in his career, he was a lecturer in Computer Science and IT at Sixth Form College, Farnborough.
Isabel Gibb serves as Vice President of Human Resources for Global Crossing in the UK and Europe.
Ms. Gibb has more than 25 years’ experience as an HR professional with extensive experience at senior management and board level. Her career spans multiple industries including telecommunications, financial services, modern manufacturing, and publishing.
Ms. Gibb has extensive experience of implementing HR strategies to support organizational change and restructuring, employee relations and the management of growth through acquisition. Before joining Global Crossing in April 2007, she was HR Director for Fibernet Group Plc with responsibility for formulating and delivering its HR strategy for the UK and Europe. Prior to Fibernet, Ms. Gibb held senior HR positions at Barclays Bank, where she was head of organizational change and introduced leadership and cultural change management programs, Rolls Royce and HarperCollins Publishers and has worked as a consultant on HR to the National Health Service and the telecommunications sector.
Derek Lister joined GCUK in December 2006 following the acquisition of Fibernet where he served as director for all sales functions in the UK and Germany and was a member of the executive team. Mr Lister was appointed as our Vice President of Carrier Sales, UK in February 2007 and serves on the Company’s senior management team.
Mr. Lister is responsible for the integration of the GCUK and Fibernet UK carrier sales functions into a single unit. Under his leadership, the new organization has been structured around three teams, strategic accounts (focused on developing new business with existing major customers), carrier and ISP (tasked with generating growth through new relationships with tier-2 operators) and indirect channels (whose focus is on building co-operative relationships with partners who operate the virtual network model for their customers).
Mr. Lister has more than 22 years’ experience in the telecommunications and IT industries. Before joining GCUK, he spent six years with Fibernet and prior to this was business development director for ntl Broadcast, where he was heavily involved in bringing new and emerging technologies to market, including broadcast, mobile data and digital TV. Whilst at ntl, he created a new sales team selling to corporates and SMEs, which grew to be a $100 million business. He also served as chairman of the IPTV Forum in Europe between 1999 and 2000.
Prior to ntl, Mr. Lister spent 11 years with CTE, Scotland’s largest telecoms reseller. His roles included new business development and account management of corporate clients.
Raymond Moulton became Director for Financial Planning and Analysis in March 2006. Since joining Global Crossing in August 2003 he held the role of Director Carrier Finance EMEA, a position he will retain.
56
Prior to joining Global Crossing, Mr. Moulton was Director of Finance and Operations for Sorrento Networks Europe. From 1994 Mr. Moulton held various roles with BT and joint ventures of BT, including Business Development Finance Manager, Financial Controller of Viag Interkom in Germany and as European Finance and Administration Director of BT Excite.
Dougald Robinson became Vice President, European Regulatory Affairs in February 2003. From January 1999 to February 2003, he held the position of Director of Regulatory Affairs, Europe. He was previously employed by BT, where he held various positions from June 1979 to October 1991 and at BRT, a telecommunications subsidiary of the UK rail company, from October 1991 to November 1995, where he was responsible for regulatory affairs, and at Racal from November 1995 to December 1999, where he was responsible for regulatory affairs. Mr. Robinson is a director of the UK Competitive Telecommunications Association, a trade organization that assists in developing UK telecoms policy, and has served as the Chairman of its Board since February 2005. Mr. Robinson was a director of GCUK between July 2004 and June 2005, and a director of the Issuer between November 2004 and June 2005.
Robert Turnbull became Vice President, Access Management in May 2001. From January 1998 to January 2001, he was Director Carrier Relations for Axxon Telecom, a switched reseller operating in Europe. Mr. Turnbull was previously employed by T-Mobile, Germany as Director, International Business Development where he was responsible for acquisition of mobile licenses in Taiwan and Italy. Prior to T-Mobile, Mr. Turnbull worked for Cable and Wireless from 1973 to 1996 and held a number of technical, operational and management positions globally, including in the United States, Japan, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Shaun Tweed became finance director of GCUK in March 2006. He previously served in various other roles at Global Crossing affiliates, including Director of International Decision and Support from August 2004 to March 2006, Director of Finance Global Capital from January 2004 to July 2004, Director of Finance Global Service Delivery from January 2002 to December 2003, European Operations Controller from November 2000 to December 2001, and UK Finance Controller–Operations from August 1999 to October 2000. Prior to joining in 1999, he was employed as a finance manager at Alcatel from August 1993 to December 1996 and Reuters from January 1997 to July 1999. Mr. Tweed is a qualified member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants. Mr. Tweed was a director of GCUK between July 2004 and April 2005, and a Director of the Issuer between November 2004 and April 2005.
Our Director and Executive Compensation
The aggregate remuneration (which consists of salary, bonus and other compensation) paid by us or by a member of the GCL group of companies to all of our directors and executive management (totaling twelve persons(1)) for the 2006 financial year was approximately £1.7 million(2). This does not include the compensation paid to José Antonio Ríos and John McShane as they are not directly involved in the day-to-day management of GCUK. Of this aggregate compensation, approximately £1.0 million was paid in salaries, including bonuses paid in March 2006 under our parent’s annual bonus program for 2005. For 2006, the highest paid director or executive received £0.5 million, including salary, bonuses, benefits-in-kind and pension contributions.
Except for Mr. Atkins and Mr. Hughes, who were paid £90,000 in aggregate, we did not compensate our directors independently for their services in their capacity as members of the Board of Directors.
(1) | This number includes the directors and executive management that served throughout 2006 together with those members of the Company’s executive management who either left (William Ginn, Keith Cameron and Brad Kneller) or joined (Niall Anderson) the Company during 2006. The remuneration of each of these persons for the 2006 financial year is included in the above aggregate remuneration figure. |
(2) | Bernard Keogh’s compensation was translated from euros to pounds sterling at £1.00 = £1.463 the average rate for the year ended December 31, 2006. |
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Our directors and executive management (including, for the ease of presentation, Mr Metcalf, but excluding those members of the Company’s executive management who left the Company during 2006 and whose stock based awards were exercised or lapsed in 2006) held the following stock based awards (including stock options), as of March 28, 2007:
| | | | | | | | |
Name | | Number of Securities Underlying Option/ SARs Granted | | | Exercise or Base Price ($/Sh) | | Option expiration Date/ RSU Vesting date |
José Antonio Ríos | | 110,000 | | | $ | 10.16 | | December 9, 2013 |
| | 22,000 | | | $ | 15.39 | | December 15, 2014 |
| | 6,600 | * | | | | | March 8, 2009*(¹) |
| | 22,000 | * | | | | | June 14, 2008* |
| | 17,000 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 21,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | 12,000 | * | | | | | March 13, 2010* |
| | 15,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | 31,600 | * | | | | | March 13, 2008*(²) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 257,200 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Anthony D. Christie | | 44,000 | | | $ | 10.16 | | December 9, 2013 |
| | 15,000 | | | $ | 15.39 | | December 15, 2014 |
| | 4,675 | * | | | | | March 8, 2009*(1) |
| | 13,000 | * | | | | | June 14, 2008* |
| | 11,000 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 13,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | 10,000 | * | | | | | March 13, 2010* |
| | 12,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | 18,000 | * | | | | | March 13, 2008*(2) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 140,675 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Philip Metcalf | | 15,000 | | | $ | 10.16 | | December 9, 2013 |
| | 6,600 | | | $ | 15.39 | | December 15, 2014 |
| | 2,200 | * | | | | | March 8, 2009 *(1) |
| | 5,400 | * | | | | | June 14, 2008* |
| | 7,200 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 8,500 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 44,900 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Niall Anderson | | 3,300 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 3,900 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | 2,200 | * | | | | | March 13, 2010* |
| | 2,600 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 12,000 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Bernard Keogh | | 2,000 | | | $ | 15.39 | | December 15, 2014 |
| | 3,500 | * | | | | | June 14, 2008* |
| | 3,000 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 3,500 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | 2,400 | * | | | | | March 13,2010* |
| | 2,900 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | 3,550 | * | | | | | September 13, 2007* |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 20,850 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | |
Name | | Number of Securities Underlying Option/ SARs Granted | | | Exercise or Base Price ($/Sh) | | Option expiration Date/ RSU Vesting date |
John McShane | | 50,000 | | | $ | 10.16 | | December 9, 2013 |
| | 15,000 | | | $ | 15.39 | | December 15, 2014 |
| | 4,675 | * | | | | | March 8, 2009*(1) |
| | 15,000 | * | | | | | June 14, 2008* |
| | 15,000 | * | | | | | March 7, 2009* |
| | 17,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2008* |
| | 10,000 | * | | | | | March 13,2010* |
| | 12,000 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | 19,500 | * | | | | | March 13, 2008*(2) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 158,175 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Richard Atkins | | Nil | | | | N/A | | N/A |
| | | | | | | | |
John Hughes | | Nil | | | | N/A | | N/A |
| | | | | | | | |
Shaun Tweed | | 1,300 | * | | | | | March 13, 2010* |
| | 1,500 | * | | | | | December 31, 2009* |
| | 1,100 | * | | | | | September 13, 2007* |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 3,900 | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
(1) | Vesting occurs in two tranches on March 8, 2008 and March 8, 2009 |
(2) | Vesting occurs in two tranches on September 13, 2007 and March 13, 2008 |
Our Parent’s Director and Executive Compensation
Our Parent’s 2006 Annual Bonus Program
On March 7, 2006, our parent’s board of directors adopted the GCL annual bonus program for 2006 (“2006 Bonus Program”) at the recommendation of our parent company’s compensation committee. Substantially all employees of Global Crossing and its affiliates, including our executive directors and management, participated in the 2006 Bonus Program.
The 2006 Bonus Program provided participants with the opportunity to earn a bonus payable half in cash and half in fully vested shares of our parent’s common stock based on our parent company’s achievement of quantitative financial performance measures for 2006 relating to earnings and/or the net change in cash and cash equivalents.
After reviewing our parent’s financial performance for 2006, GCL’s compensation committee found that our parent made significant strides in improving profitability and cash flows over the past three years. However, the compensation committee determined that none of the performance measures had been met under the 2006 Bonus Program and that, therefore, no payments would be made under the 2006 Bonus Program.
Establishment of Our Parent’s 2007 Bonus Program
On March 13, 2007 our parent company’s board of directors adopted the Global Crossing annual bonus program for 2007 (the “2007 Bonus Program”) at the recommendation of our parent’s compensation committee. Substantially all non-sales employees of Global Crossing and its affiliates participate in the 2007 Bonus Program. The program is intended to retain such employees and to motivate them to help Global Crossing achieve its financial and business goals.
Each participant is provided a target award under the 2007 Bonus Program expressed as a percentage of his or her base salary. Actual awards under the 2007 Bonus Program will be paid only if our parent achieves specified performance goals for 2007 relating to earnings (the “EBITDA Metric”) (representing two-thirds of the overall target opportunity) and/or the net change in cash and cash equivalents (the “Cash Use Metric”) (representing one-third of the overall target opportunity). The payout for each performance opportunity is calculated independently of the other once financial results for 2007 have been determined. Specifically, each
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participant will earn (i) 40% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the threshold financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved, (ii) 100% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the target financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or (iii) 140% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the maximum financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or exceeded. Attainment of these objectives at threshold level is intended to require satisfactory financial performance; target payout is intended to require more than satisfactory performance; and maximum payout is intended to require performance that significantly exceeds our parent company’s expectations. Straight-line interpolation will be used to determine the payout for performance between the threshold and target goals or between the target and maximum goals. No payout will be made for performance below threshold.
Bonus payouts under the 2007 Bonus Program will be made half in cash and half in fully vested common shares issued under the 2003 Global Crossing Limited Stock Incentive Plan; provided that our parent’s compensation committee retains discretion to change the allocation between shares and cash.
Our Parent’s Stock Incentive Plan
Certain of our directors, officers and employees benefit from our parent’s 2003 Global Crossing Limited Stock Incentive Plan, as amended through June 2005, (“2003 Plan”). Moreover, certain people with significant operational control over us are not actually employed by us but by our parent or its affiliates and they also benefit from this plan. We do not have any other independent stock incentive plan.
In contrast to bonuses that are paid for prior year accomplishments, equity grants represent incentives tied to future stock price appreciation. They are intended to provide executive officers with a direct incentive to enhance shareholder value. Equity grants are awarded at the discretion of our parent’s compensation committee and are primarily based on an evaluation of competitive market data, an individual executive’s performance and the anticipated contribution that the executive officer will make to Global Crossing. Global Crossing makes equity grants under the 2003 Plan.
In 2005 and 2006, executive officers and select key employees received their grants in the form of restricted stock units, (“RSUs”). The grants provided that approximately half of the RSUs would vest solely based on the continued employment of the executive through June 14, 2008 and approximately half of would vest based on corporate financial performance. An RSU entitles the participant to receive a share of unrestricted common stock of our parent company on the vesting date
At the March 13, 2007 meeting, our parent’s compensation committee determined that none of the financial performance measures had been met in respect of the 2005 and 2006 grants and that there would be no vesting of the half of the RSUs dependant upon the achievement of such financial measures. Our parent company’s compensation committee noted that the vesting of time-based RSUs on June 14, 2008 remains in effect for those participants who remain employed with Global Crossing on that date.
At its March 13, 2007 meeting, our parent company’s compensation committee approved the grant of RSUs to our directors and executive management as shown in the table of stock options above. Each RSU will vest on March 13, 2010, subject to the participant’s continued employment through that date and subject to earlier pro-rata vesting in the event of death or long-term disability. See Item 6.B. “Our Director and Executive Compensation” for further detail of these grants.
In addition, a target performance share opportunity was established for each participant. Each performance share earned will be paid out in unrestricted shares of common stock of our parent on December 31, 2009, subject to the participant’s continued employment through that date and subject to earlier pro-rata payout in the event of death or long-term disability. See Item 6.B. “Our Director and Executive Compensation” for further detail of these grants.
Each participant’s target performance share opportunity comprises three separate award opportunities: One based on a goal related to combined 2007 and 2008 EBITDA Metric performance in an amount equal to 40% of the overall target opportunity; one based on a goal related to combined 2007 and 2008 Cash Use Metric performance in an amount equal to 40% of the overall target opportunity; and one based on a goal for combined 2007 and 2008 revenue minus cost of access expense for our parent’s “Invest and Grow” operating segment (“Invest and Grow Metric”) in an amount equal to 20% of the overall target opportunity. Performance shares with respect to each of the EBITDA Metric opportunity, the Cash Use Metric opportunity and the Invest and Grow Metric opportunity will be earned only if our parent achieves specified financial performance goals
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relating to that opportunity. Specifically, each grantee will earn (i) 50% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the threshold financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved, (ii) 100% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the target financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or (iii) 150% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the maximum financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or exceeded. Attainment of these objectives at threshold level is intended to require satisfactory financial performance; target payout is intended to require more than satisfactory performance; and maximum payout is intended to require performance that significantly exceeds our parent company’s expectations. Straight-line interpolation will be used to determine the payout for performance between the threshold and target goals or between the target and maximum goals. No payout will be made for performance below threshold.
On March 13, 2007, our parent company’s compensation committee also reviewed a number of internal and external factors relating to compensation and to the retention and motivation of key management talent. These factors included:
Several measures of our parent’s recovery and success during the three years preceding that date, such as: strong total shareholder return of 63%, doubling the return of the Nasdaq Telecom Index; making significant strides towards profitability and positive cash flow; and demonstrating the ability to make strategic acquisitions and to grow organically and inorganically, all of which demonstrate the importance of retaining the current management team and employee base;
The current critical stage of GCL’s development and the need for a significant and well executed effort to successfully integrate acquired businesses while at the same time achieving continued organic growth, identifying and executing on other potential acquisition opportunities and realizing our parent’s strategic vision; and
The competitive labor market in telecommunications and other technology businesses, fostering increased demand for experienced leadership.
In light of the above factors, the compensation committee recommended, and our parent’s board of directors approved, the granting of special retention and motivation awards to substantially all non-sales employees of Global Crossing and its subsidiaries consisting principally of share grants with vesting periods of 6 months or 6 months and 12 months. See Item 6.B. “Our Director and Executive Compensation” for further detail of these grants.
Employment Agreements
Our affiliates have entered into separate employment agreements with Messrs. Rios, Christie, Keogh, McShane and Tweed. We do not have employment agreements with them. We have entered into contracts for services with Messrs. Atkins and Hughes. In addition, the terms of Messrs. Ríos’s, McShane’s and Christie’s employment have been defined, in part, by the Global Crossing Limited Key Management Protection Plan (“GCLKMPP”).
In connection with our parent company’s emergence from bankruptcy, it adopted the Global Crossing Limited Key Management Protection Plan (“MPP”) on December 9, 2003 to provide enhanced severance benefits for the executive officers and certain other key employees of the Company named in the MPP.
Effective December 10, 2005, the MPP is intended to retain executive officers and other key executives by mitigating their concerns about financial hardship in the event of an involuntary actual or constructive termination without “cause” (as defined in the plan). Specifically, as currently drafted, if a participant’s employment were terminated by our parent (other than for cause or by reason of death or disability), or if he or she were to terminate employment for “good reason” (generally, an unfavorable change in employment status or compensation), the MPP entitles him or her to receive (i) a lump sum payment equal to the “severance multiplier” of “1.75 times” or “1 times” for all plan participants times the sum of his or her annual base salary plus target bonus opportunity (reduced by any cash severance benefit otherwise paid to the participant under any other applicable severance plan or severance arrangement), (ii) a prorated portion of the annual target bonus for the year in which the termination occurred of which minimum target bonus amounts have been established for purposes of calculating severance, (iii) continuation of life and health insurance coverages for a number of years equal to the “severance multiplier” and (iv) payment for outplacement services in an amount not to exceed 30% of his or her base salary.
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Global Crossing Services Europe Limited (“GCSEL”) entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Keogh on February 23, 2000, as subsequently amended, providing for his employment as Regional General Counsel—Europe. Either GCSEL or he may terminate the employment agreement with four weeks’ prior written notice. GCSEL may terminate the employment agreement immediately if he is in gross default or willful neglect of his duties or commits any serious breach or non-observance of the terms of the agreement, commits any grave misconduct or gross default or any conduct tending to bring himself or GCSEL into disrepute, is unable to fulfill his duties for medical reasons for any consecutive period of 90 days or for periods aggregating 12 weeks or more in any period of 52 consecutive weeks, is adjudged bankrupt or makes any arrangement with creditors, or is convicted of certain criminal offenses.
We entered into contracts for service with each of Mr. Atkins and Mr. Hughes whereby each was appointed a director for an initial period of two years. The contract with Mr. Atkins provides that serve on and chair the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. The contract with Mr. Hughes provides that he serve on the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. Each contract may be terminated upon one month’s written notice from either party. We are also entitled immediately to terminate the contract in certain specified circumstances.
Global Crossing Network Center (UK) Limited (“GCNCUKL”) entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Tweed on November 13, 2000, providing for his employment as Financial Controller European Operations. GCNCUKL may terminate the employment agreement at any time with four weeks’ notice, with one additional notice week added on per year of employment after the fourth year of employment subject to a maximum of twelve weeks, or immediately without notice or with pay in lieu of notice in the event of Mr. Tweed’s gross misconduct or gross negligence in the performance of his duties or in the event of a serious breach, or repeated breaches of the terms of the agreement.
Our Board of Directors is currently composed of six, two of whom are independent directors. Each director has one vote. Resolutions are adopted by a majority vote of those present. Under our articles of association, we are required to have a minimum of two directors and at least two directors must be present for a quorum. There is one committee of the Board, namely an audit committee. The audit committee is composed of three directors, two of whom are independent directors. Under its terms of reference, the audit committee will have principal oversight of our financial statements and the appointment of our auditors. Our independent directors will also review and approve any changes to our inter-company agreements. Under our articles of association, directors are not required to retire by rotation.
We share certain employees with our parent. In certain instances, people have functions within our Company but are not employed by us. These employees are employed by our parent or one of our parent’s subsidiaries. Similarly, there certain people are employed by us but devote some amount of their time to either our parent or one of our parent’s other subsidiaries.
The number of employees at year end for each of the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 was 561, 567 and 752, respectively.
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The following table provides information about our employees as at December 31, 2006. In addition to the responsibilities that certain of these employees have within our business, they will devote a proportion of their time to supporting the other legal entities within their respective functional areas in Europe.
| | | | | | |
Function group | | Full time | | Part time | | Total |
Access Management | | 15 | | 0 | | 15 |
Carrier Sales | | 17 | | 1 | | 18 |
Carrier Sales Support | | 3 | | 0 | | 3 |
Corporate Communications | | 3 | | 0 | | 3 |
EST Client Support & Engineering | | 75 | | 1 | | 76 |
EST Sales | | 43 | | 2 | | 45 |
Field Operations | | 360 | | 9 | | 369 |
Finance | | 49 | | 4 | | 53 |
Global Service Operations | | 18 | | 1 | | 19 |
Global Voice Operations | | 9 | | 0 | | 9 |
Human Resources | | 6 | | 1 | | 7 |
Indirect Channel-Global Partner Program | | 2 | | 0 | | 2 |
Information Systems | | 2 | | 0 | | 2 |
IT Applications | | 10 | | 0 | | 10 |
IT Operations | | 27 | | 1 | | 28 |
Legal | | 4 | | 0 | | 4 |
Marketing | | 19 | | 1 | | 20 |
Procurement | | 3 | | 0 | | 3 |
Real Estate | | 12 | | 0 | | 12 |
Service Platform Engineering | | 31 | | 2 | | 33 |
Strategic Development | | 7 | | 1 | | 8 |
Transport & Infrastructure Eng | | 13 | | 0 | | 13 |
| | | | | | |
Total | | 728 | | 24 | | 752 |
| | | | | | |
We believe employee relations are excellent, with no significant time lost to industrial action in recent years.
We have a recognition and procedural agreement with the Transport and Salaried Staff’s Association and the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers unions for various of our 48 staff on former railway terms and conditions. The agreement provides procedural arrangements for dealing with any collective issues relating to all contractual conditions of employment, including pay and benefits, working hours, holiday entitlements and principles of grading structures.
See “Compensation” and Item 7.A. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders” for a discussion of the information required by this item.
ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
As of April 6, 2007, the following shareholders were the beneficial owners of 5% or more of each class of GCL’s voting securities: STT Crossing Ltd. beneficially owned 12,783,145 common shares and all 18,000,000 senior preferred shares of GCL; FMR Corp. beneficially owned 5,423,070 common shares and Du Pont Pension Trust beneficially owned 2,006,433 common shares.
As of April 6, 2007, there were 36,914,071 shares of common stock and 18,000,000 senior preferred shares issued and outstanding. The senior preferred shares are convertible pursuant to a certificate of designations into GCL common stock on a one-for-one basis (subject to dilution adjustment).
As such, the combination of common stock and senior preferred shares held by STT Crossing Ltd. and any of its subsidiaries that are shareholders of GCL from time to time constitute 56.1% of GCL’s aggregate outstanding voting stock. To our knowledge, STT Crossing Ltd. has sole voting and investment power with
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respect to these shares. In addition, STT Crossing Ltd. owns $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior mandatory convertible notes, convertible into shares of GCL under a prescribed formula (approximately 14.8 million shares as of December 31, 2006).
Based on information provided in Form 4 filed by such entities on March 3, 2007, STT Crossing Ltd. is an indirect subsidiary of Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited (“Temasek”) and is located at 10 Frere Felix De Valois Street, Port Louis, Mauritius. Temasek, through its indirect ownership of STT Crossing, may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power over the shares; however, pursuant to Rule 13d-4 under the Exchange Act, Temasek expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares.
B. | Related Party Transactions |
Inter-company Agreements
Upon the closing of our offering of the Initial Notes, we entered into a series of inter-company agreements with GCL and certain of our affiliates that were effective as of October 1, 2004 to formally document the way in which these relationships are governed and formalize the method of payment for the services under these agreements. Fees for these services are generally estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any outstanding amounts. The inter-company agreements document terms that are substantially the same as those that informally governed the relationship between our parent company and us prior to the closing of the offering of the Initial Notes, with the exception of the payment terms. Our Board of Directors approved the terms of each inter-company agreement. Each agreement may be terminated (i) at the request of any party to such agreement with one year’s prior written notice or (ii) immediately in the event of a change of control under the Indenture or the maturity, redemption or defeasance of the Notes, in each case pursuant to the terms of the Indenture.
Corporate Services Agreement
We have entered into a corporate services agreement with GCL or Global Crossing Development Corp (“GCDC”), and GCE. The agreement is effective as from October 1, 2004. Both GCDC and GCE are subsidiaries of GCL. Pursuant to the agreement’s terms, the other parties to the agreement will provide, or have third-party agents provide, certain corporate services to us on a non exclusive basis, including information systems, legal, tax, finance and accounting, mergers and acquisitions, management, human resources, office and facilities, corporate development, network engineering, risk management, and product development. The agreement also provides for the allocation of (i) management bonus, (ii) charitable contributions and (iii) depreciation and amortization of certain shared assets. We are not obligated to use the corporate services provided for in the agreement. If, at any point during the agreement’s term, the parties no longer provide a corporate service to GCL’s other subsidiaries, they are not obligated to provide such service to us.
We will be charged for the corporate services that we choose to obtain based on:
| • | | our revenue relative to other subsidiaries of GCL for legal, tax, finance and accounting, mergers and acquisitions, management, charitable contributions, office and facilities, corporate development, product development, and risk management services; |
| • | | a pro rata allocation of headcount for information services and human resources; or |
| • | | a pro rata allocation of property, plant and equipment for network engineering. |
In addition, we will be charged for cash-based bonuses to management of GCL and its subsidiaries based on our revenue relative to other subsidiaries of GCL, but non-cash-based bonuses will be allocated in full to GCL or, in either case, on such basis as may be reasonably considered to be within the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administration of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD guidelines”).
Payment of any Restricted Corporate Services Fee (as defined in the Indenture governing our Notes) under the agreement may only be made to the extent permitted under the terms of the Indenture governing the Notes. Under the agreement, “Restricted Corporate Services” means the amount of service fees under the agreement (excluding the amount of any management bonuses) for a fiscal year that exceed the Service Fee Limit for such fiscal year minus any such service fees required to be paid by law, regulation or any competent governmental taxing authority. Under the agreement, “Service Fee Limit” means an amount in pounds sterling, calculated on an
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annual basis that (i) for the three months ending December 31, 2004 shall equal £2.9 million, (ii) for 2005 shall equal £11.6 million, and (iii) for each fiscal year thereafter is equal to the product of (x) the service fees paid by us under the agreement (excluding the amount of any management bonus) for the preceding fiscal year and (y) 1.50;provided,however, that the amount determined under clause (iii) may not exceed £23.2 million.
Amounts due pursuant to this agreement will be estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any amounts outstanding. The corporate services provided for in the agreement cost us approximately £5.4 million and £8.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
Shared Resources Agreement
We have entered into a shared resources agreement with GCL pursuant to which we will provide to GCL’s other subsidiaries, on a non exclusive basis, the use of certain of our assets and pursuant to which GCL’s other subsidiaries will provide to us the use of certain of their assets, on a non exclusive basis. The agreement was effective as of October 1, 2004.
The assets provided for under the agreement include staffing and administrative assets, fiber, leased circuits, network equipment, racking space, real estate and such other assets as are reasonably deemed necessary for the relevant network’s efficient operation. Neither GCUK nor GCL’s other subsidiaries are obligated to use any assets provided for in the agreement. The parties to the agreement will be charged based on:
| • | | the market price for fiber, leased circuits, racking space, and network equipment; |
| • | | with respect to staffing and administrative assets, pro rata allocation will be based on either (i) a reasonable estimate of resources committed or (ii) a reasonable estimate of time spent on such services to GCUK, plus a reasonable markup based on the OECD guidelines; |
| • | | real estate will be charged based on their share of lease or carrying costs based on a percentage of square meter use of such real estate by GCUK to use by other GCL subsidiaries (except that the costs of leasing the premises located at Centennium House, 100 Lower Thames Street, London EC3R 6DL, England, will be allocated in full to GCUK); and |
| • | | intellectual property costs will be allocated in full to GCL, or alternatively, in each case, on such basis as may reasonably be considered to be within the OECD guidelines. |
Fees due pursuant to this agreement will be estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any amounts outstanding. The use of assets similar to the assets provided for in the agreement cost us approximately £0.9 million and £0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
Voice Termination Agreement
We have entered into a voice termination agreement with GCL and Global Crossing Services Europe Ltd (“GCSEL”), a GCL subsidiary, to allocate the costs of voice and data transport and termination services among the parties. The agreement was effective as of October 1, 2004. To the extent that each of GCL’s subsidiaries and us carry voice or data traffic over our respective networks for third parties, we agreed to also do so for other subsidiaries of GCL to the extent necessary to gain access to a third-party carrier’s network.
Termination fees will be charged based on a formula taking into account GCUK’s international long distance voice revenue, multiplied by the gross margin of international activity for GCL’s subsidiary carriers in Europe after deducting GCUK’s third-party costs for international voice termination, or, alternatively, on such basis as may reasonably be considered to be within the OECD guidelines.
GCUK’s portion of the operating expenses relating to its use of international voice over GCL’s sub-sea network, or applicable sub-sea costs, will be based on our international long distance voice revenue as a percentage of GCL subsidiaries’ consolidated total international revenue multiplied by GCL’s consolidated cost of operating sub-sea cable or, alternatively, on such basis as may reasonably be considered to be within the OECD guidelines. Pursuant to the agreement’s terms, GCSEL will obtain sub-sea voice transport and termination services for us from GCL’s other subsidiaries and voice transport and termination services for GCL’s other subsidiaries from us, administer billings between us and GCL’s other subsidiaries for fees incurred in connection with voice transport and termination services, and provide related administrative tasks and services. Fees due pursuant to this agreement will be estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any amounts outstanding. The services provided for in the agreement provided income for us of approximately £4.0 million and £1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 respectively.
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Tax Agreement
We have entered into a tax agreement with GCL that establishes the basis upon which certain tax matters in the UK, including the surrender of tax losses and the re-allocation of income or gain where permitted by UK tax law, between us and other GCL subsidiaries subject to tax in the UK, will be conducted.
Insurance Proceeds Agreement
Our parent company generally maintains property, business interruption, general liability and related insurance coverage for the GCL group of companies for which we are named insureds. We have entered into an insurance proceeds agreement under which all proceeds from any insurance policy held by GCL or any of its subsidiaries, to the extent such results resulted from an event or occurrence at GCUK or resulted from the property or assets of GCUK, shall be paid to us.
Asset Transfer Agreement
On December 31, 2004, GCL and GCUK entered into an agreement under which GCL agreed to cause its subsidiaries to transfer certain assets to GCUK, on or before January 31, 2005, or take such other action so as to maintain the credit rating of the Notes. Further to that agreement, GCUK entered into an agreement pursuant to which GCUK acquired, effective December 31, 2004, £21.9 million of operating assets in consideration for the issue of one thousand of its ordinary shares to Bidco.
Agreement to Acquire Fibernet from GC Acquisitions
On December 28, 2006 we entered into a share purchase agreement with GC Acquisitions under which we purchased the entire issued share capital of Fibernet Group Limited from GC Acquisitions for a purchase price of approximately £53.1 million. See “Information on the Company—The Fibernet Acquisition”.
Agreement to Sell German Business by Fibernet Group Limited
Concurrently with our acquisition of Fibernet, Fibernet Group Limited entered into a share purchase agreement with GCI. Under this agreement, Fibernet Group Limited transferred its German business operation to GCI by way of the sale of the entire issued share capital of Fibernet Holdings Limited to GCI for a consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet Group Limited from Fibernet Holdings Limited. See “Information on the Company—The Fibernet Acquisition”.
Intercompany Loans
On April 12, 2006, the Company entered into an intercompany credit agreement (the “credit agreement”). As at December 31, 2006, there were loans of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) due from Group Companies. We have agreed to subordinate the indebtedness under the credit agreement to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations with respect to indebtedness under the mandatory convertible notes, amounts owing to the guarantors under the mandatory convertible notes, and amounts owing to the other GCL affiliated parties that are parties to the indenture relating to the mandatory convertible notes. The terms of the credit agreement include a parent guarantee from GCL. The loan balances currently outstanding relate to loans made using (i) 50% of the designated cash flow, as permitted and defined under the Indenture and (ii) GCUK’s Eligible Excess Cash, defined in the Indenture as excess cash remaining after the consummation of the Annual Repurchase Offer, and have an effective interest rate of 13.5%. The full principal amount of the indebtedness under the credit agreement is due and payable on the earlier of (1) five business days prior to December 15, 2014, which is the date of maturity of our Senior Secured Notes and (2) upon notice to Global Crossing Europe Limited by us in the event of an early repayment of the Senior Secured Notes attributable to an event of default under the Indenture . GCUK also made loans to other Group Companies of US$30.4 million in April 2006 which were repaid in May 2006.
On April 11, 2007, the GCUK board of directors approved an additional US$15 million loan to be provided to GCE during the second quarter of 2007. The loan will be made in accordance with the Indenture and under the same terms and conditions as described above.
Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group transferred its German business operations to GCI, a wholly owned subsidiary of GCL, for consideration of £1 and the assumption of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet. This intercompany loan has similar terms as the loan described above except the interest rate is 9.75%.
There were no loan balances due to Group Companies as at December 31, 2006.
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The Security Arrangement Agreement
Concurrently with the completion of the offering of the Initial Notes, GCL issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of the mandatory convertible notes. STT Crossing Ltd. is the current holder of all the mandatory convertible notes. On December 23, 2004, we entered into a security arrangement agreement that governs the relationship between us, the Issuer, the holders of the Notes and the holders of the mandatory convertible notes.
The security arrangement agreement substantially limits the rights of the trustee, the collateral agent and the noteholders to exercise their remedies under the security documents for the Notes. The security arrangement agreement provides that, until the earlier of (i) repayment in full of the mandatory convertible notes, and (ii) the disposal by STT Communications Ltd. and its affiliates of any and all of their interest in the mandatory convertible notes, the trustee, the collateral agent and the noteholders may not sell or dispose of any of the assets of GCUK or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to an enforcement action under the security documents, unless:
| • | | such sale or disposal is (i) pursuant to a public auction or (ii) for fair market value (taking into account the circumstances giving rise to such sale or disposal) as certified by an independent, internationally recognized investment bank; |
| • | | such sale or disposal is for cash consideration payable at closing; |
| • | | in the case of a sale or disposal of shares in GCUK or any of its subsidiaries, such sale or disposal is of all of the shares in such person held by the relevant obligor; and |
| • | | simultaneously with the receipt in full of the completion monies relating to such sale or disposal, the shares or other assets being sold or otherwise disposed of are unconditionally released and discharged from all liens created by the security documents in favor of the noteholders. |
See Item 3.D. “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Notes and the Structure—The ability of the collateral agent to foreclose on the secured property may be limited.” The security arrangement agreement expressly states that, except as expressly set out therein, nothing in the security arrangement agreement shall affect the rights and remedies of the trustee and the noteholders as unsecured creditors under the Notes and the guarantee.
The security arrangement agreement provides that without the consent of the holders of the mandatory convertible notes (i) the Indenture may not be amended; and (ii) subject to certain exceptions, the noteholders may not take, accept or receive the benefit of any guarantee or lien in respect of the notes from our parent company or any of its subsidiaries (other than GCUK and its subsidiaries).
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
A. | Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information |
See Item 18.
UK Office of Fair Trading (“OFT”) Investigation
In 2002, an investigation was commenced by the United Kingdom Office of Fair Trading (“OFT”) regarding an allegation that various subsea cable operator entities, including the Company, had engaged in an illegal agreement to collectively boycott a company located in the U.K. that was holding itself out as providing a means for the landing of subsea telecommunications cables at a location in the U.K. The Company responded to that investigation in 2002 denying the allegation.
In August 2003, the OFT extended its investigation to include allegations of price fixing and information sharing on the level of fees that the subsea entities would pay landowners for permission to land submarine telecommunication cables on their land in the U.K. The Company responded to that investigation denying illegality on October 10, 2003. The Company cooperated fully with the investigation and has supplied additional factual materials including a number of formal witness statements. By a letter dated January 24, 2006, the OFT notified the Company that it had provisionally decided to close both investigations. In a letter dated June 23, 2006, the OFT formally notified the Company that it was terminating its investigation with no finding of liability adverse to the Company.
On July 20, 2006, two private companies served on the Company proceedings issued in the High Court of Justice against the Company and nine other defendants claiming violations identical to those investigated by the
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OFT. The Company does not believe the private claims are meritorious and will be defending the claims vigorously. The same private companies subsequently initiated an appeal to the Competition Appeals Tribunal (“CAT”) in respect of the termination of the OFT investigation. On April 5, 2007, the CAT found in favour of the OFT and dismissed the appeal on the basis that the CAT had no jurisdiction under the Competition Act 1998 to hear the appeal.
None.
ITEM 9. | THE OFFER AND LISTING |
A. | Offer and Listing Details |
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
The Notes are listed on the Irish Stock Exchange.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
ITEM 10. | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
Not applicable.
B. | Memorandum and Articles of Association |
Pursuant to GCUK’s memorandum of association, GCUK’s objects include (i) to carry on business as a general commercial company; (ii) to carry on the business of designing, manufacturing, developing, promoting, selling, marketing, facility managing, dealing in, repairing, importing and exporting telecommunications of every kind and description, data communications and computer based equipment, networks, software and systems of every kind and description, security, industrial control, energy management, process control systems of every kind and description, all electronic, aeronautical, electrical or other equipment, apparatus, systems, devices and instruments of every kind and description, plant and machinery of every kind and description; (iii) to invest and deal with moneys of the company not immediately required in any manner whatsoever; (iv) to lend any monies or assets of the company to such persons, firms or companies and on such terms as may be considered expedient, and either with or without security, and to invest and deal with monies and assets of the company not immediately required in any manner and to receive money and securities on deposit, at interest or otherwise; and (v) to borrow or raise money and to secure or discharge any debt or obligation of or binding on the company in such manner as may be thought fit.
The company’s articles of association include the following provisions: (i) in certain circumstances, preemption rights conferred on existing members and any other restrictions on transfer of shares are (in each case) disapplied, and the directors are forbidden from declining to register, or suspending registration of, any
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such transfer of shares; and (ii) the consent of the holders of not less than three-fourths in nominal value of the issued share capital of the company is required for any resolution to wind-up the company as a result of any bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings applied to other group members incorporated outside the United Kingdom, including without limitation any proceedings under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. Subject to the requirements of the Companies Act 1985, the members shall not pass a special resolution to wind up the company voluntarily pursuant to section 84 of the Insolvency Act 1986 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof solely as a result of the existence of insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings affecting other group members incorporated outside the United Kingdom, including without limitation any proceedings under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof.
GCUK’s articles of association do not prevent a director who has properly disclosed his interest in any contract or arrangement from counting towards the quorum in any meeting or voting in connection with such contract or arrangement. Subject to the requirements of the Companies Act 1985, the memorandum of association and the articles of association, the directors may exercise all powers of the company (including the right to borrow) other than as may be specifically prescribed by the shareholders by special resolution. The directors are not required to retire annually and the 70-year age limit for directors does not apply to this company. The articles of association may be altered by a special resolution of the shareholders.
Indenture
The Issuer has issued $200 million in aggregate principal amount of 10.75% US dollar-denominated senior secured notes due 2014 and £157 million (consisting of £105 million in aggregate principal amount of Initial Notes and £52 million in aggregate principal of Additional Notes) in aggregate principal amount of 11.75% pound sterling-denominated senior secured notes due 2014 under the Indenture, dated as of December 23, 2004, among the Issuer, GCUK as the guarantor, certain other guarantors and The Bank of New York as trustee.
The Notes mature on December 15, 2014 and interest on the Notes is due each June 15 and December 15. The Notes are senior secured obligations of the Issuer and rank equal in right of payment with all of its future debt. The Guarantors have guaranteed the Notes as a senior obligation ranking equal in right of payment with all of their existing and future senior debt.
The Notes are secured by certain of the Guarantors’ and the Issuer’s assets, including the capital stock of the Issuer and Fibernet, but a significant portion of our assets do not serve as collateral for the Notes. See “—Debenture” below. The Notes are secured by a security assignment of the intercompany loans from the Issuer to us of the proceeds of the offerings of the Initial Notes and the Additional Notes. The Issuer and we are permitted to incur certain liens on the collateral pursuant to the indenture’s terms and these permitted liens have priority over the liens in favor of the Notes and the Guarantees.
The Issuer may redeem the Notes in whole or in part, at any time on or after December 15, 2009 at redemption prices decreasing from 105.375% (for the US dollar-denominated notes) or 105.875% (for the pound sterling-denominated notes) in 2009 to 100% of the principal amount in 2012 and thereafter. At any time before December 15, 2009, the Issuer may redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole or in part, by paying a “make-whole” premium, calculated in accordance with the Indenture. The Issuer may also redeem up to 35% of the principal amount of either series of Notes before December 15, 2007 using the proceeds of certain equity offerings. The Issuer may also redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole but not in part, upon certain changes in tax laws and regulations.
If we experience a change of control (as such term is defined in the Indenture), the holders of our Notes will have the right to require the Issuer to purchase some or all of their Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and additional amounts, if any, to the date of repurchase.
If there is a payment default on or an acceleration of the Notes or in the case of certain enforcement events, STT (or one of its affiliates), for so long as it together with its affiliates owns not less than 50% in aggregate principal amount of the mandatory convertible notes may, but is not required to, purchase the Notes from the holders of our Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest.
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The Indenture contains certain covenants which, among other things, restrict our ability to: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions to repurchase or redeem our stock; (iii) make investments or other restricted payments; (iv) create liens; (v) enter into certain transactions with affiliates; (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the ability of our material subsidiaries to pay dividends; and (vii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.
We agreed to file a registration statement with the US Securities and Exchange Commission relating to an offer to exchange the Initial Notes for publicly tradable notes that have identical terms (except for terms concerning additional interest and transfer restrictions). On August 3, 2005 the Issuer offered to exchange up to $200 million of the 10.75% US dollar-denominated senior secured notes due in 2014 and up to £105 million of the 11.75% pounds sterling-denominated senior secured notes due in 2014 for like principal amounts of US dollar-denominated Senior Secured Notes due in 2014 and pounds sterling-denominated Senior Secured Notes due in 2014 that had been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
As of September 26, 2005 when the exchange offer closed, $199,860,000 or 99.93% of the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the original US dollar-denominated notes and £105,000,000 or 100% of the outstanding aggregate principal amount of the original sterling-denominated notes had been validly tendered and accepted for exchange by the Issuer.
The Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures (CUSIP) and International Securities Identification Number (ISIN) numbers for the new US dollar-denominated notes are C37943S AB 6 and US37943SAB60, respectively. The Common Code and ISIN numbers for the new sterling-denominated notes are 022661345 and XS0226613452, respectively.
We agreed to file a registration statement with the US Securities and Exchange Commission relating to an offer to exchange the Additional Notes for publicly tradable notes that have identical terms (except for terms concerning additional interest and transfer restrictions). The exchange notes together with the unregistered Notes (including the unregistered Initial Notes) that remain outstanding after the completion of the exchange offer for the Additional Notes will be treated as a single class of debt securities under the Indenture.
Debenture
As security for our obligations under the Indenture, the Issuer and we agreed to grant a charge upon certain of our assets pursuant to a debenture, dated as of December 23, 2004, among GCUK and the Issuer as chargors and The Bank of New York as collateral agent. By a supplemental indenture dated December 28, 2006, Fibernet agreed to unconditionally guarantee all of the Company’s and the Issuer’s obligations under the Indenture. Our obligations under the Indenture are secured by a charge over certain of our and the Issuer’s assets, including the capital stock of GCUK’s subsidiaries, the Issuer and Fibernet, but a significant portion of our assets do not serve as collateral for the Notes. Specifically, the collateral securing the Notes does not include:
| • | | certain parts of the network leased by us, including any telecommunications cables and other equipment under a finance lease with Network Rail under which we lease approximately 23% of our lit fiber (calculated by fiber kilometers). |
| • | | any rights, title, interest or obligations under certain specified excluded contracts, including (i) any contracts in which our counterparty is a UK governmental entity and (ii) any contract in which our counterparty is a contractor or subcontractor to a UK governmental entity (these excluded contracts include those with the FCO, OGCbuying.solutions and other important customers); |
| • | | any equipment or assets owned by us located on the premises of the parties to excluded contracts and any equipment or assets used exclusively by us in connection with the provision of services and the performance of obligations under such contracts; |
| • | | property that we have pledged to Camelot in connection to our relationship with them; or |
| • | | any contract or agreement (or rights or interests thereunder) which, if charged, would constitute a breach or default or result in the invalidation or unenforceability of any rights, title or interest of the chargor under such contract or agreement. |
By a debenture dated December 28, 2006, Fibernet agree to grant a charge over certain assets as security for the Company’s and the Issuer’s obligations under the Indenture.
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Security Arrangement Agreement
On December 23, 2004, we entered into a security arrangement agreement with the Issuer, certain affiliates of STT and The Bank of New York as trustee and collateral agent. For a summary of certain provisions of the security arrangement agreement, see Item 7.B. “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—The Security Arrangement Agreement.”
On December 28, 2006, Fibernet acceded to the Security Arrangement Agreement.
Intercreditor Agreement
The Bank of New York, as trustee on behalf of the holders of the Notes, has entered into an intercreditor and collateral agency agreement, or the intercreditor agreement, with an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co., or the interest hedge secured party. As described in Item 5.E. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Off Balance Sheet Arrangements,” we have entered into an interest hedge agreement with the interest hedge secured party to minimize our exposure to any dollar/sterling currency fluctuations related to interest payments on the US dollar-denominated Initial Notes. The intercreditor agreement grants the interest hedge secured party a security interest in the collateral securing the Notes that ranks equally with the security interests of the holders of the Notes.
Under the intercreditor agreement, the trustee, acting as collateral agent, will hold the liens and security interests in the collateral granted pursuant to the security documents for the Notes with sole authority to exercise remedies under the security documents. The collateral will secure all obligations owed to (i) the collateral agent under the intercreditor agreement and the security documents, (ii) the trustee and the holders of the Notes under the Indenture and (iii) the interest hedge secured party under the interest hedge contract.
Any proceeds resulting from the exercise of security interests will be shared among the holders of the Notes and the interest hedge secured party on a pro rata basis based on (a) with respect to the holders of the Notes, the principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, thereon and (b) with respect to the interest hedge secured party, the net value of the interest hedge contract, if positive, determined at the time of the application of proceeds.
Affiliate Subordination Agreement
GCUK, GCL and certain of its affiliates (such affiliates, together with GCUK, the GCL affiliated parties) and the trustee for the mandatory convertible notes entered into an affiliate subordination agreement, dated as of December 23, 2004. Pursuant to that agreement, the GCL affiliated parties agreed to subordinate all inter-company obligations, including inter-company indebtedness and inter-company accounts payable, between or among GCL, any of the GCL affiliated parties and any “restricted subsidiary” under the mandatory convertible notes indenture to the prior payment in full in cash of all obligations with respect to indebtedness and obligations of GCL under the mandatory convertible notes, of the guarantors under the mandatory convertible notes and of the other GCL affiliated parties that are parties to that indenture under the indenture (including post-bankruptcy interest and interest accruing after any similar proceeding or event). However, the GCL affiliated parties (including GCUK) may make or shall be entitled to receive, as the case may be, principal and interest payments on this subordinated debt as long as there is no default under the mandatory convertible notes indenture.
Network Rail
We lease certain telecommunications cable and related equipment from Network Rail under a finance lease agreement between GCUK (then BR Telecommunications Limited) and Network Rail (then Railtrack plc), dated June 30, 1994. The lease also covered certain copper cable and PABX equipment. In connection with its plan to modernize the signaling system on the UK railways, Network Rail issued a notice to terminate the lease of such copper cable and PABX equipment, which termination became effective March 2005. On November 10, 2004, we entered into a capacity purchase agreement with Network Rail that provides us the right to use capacity over such copper cable and the PABX equipment until March 2010. A deed of grant between GCUK (then BR Telecommunications Limited) and Network Rail (then Railtrack plc), dated February 9, 1994, grants GCUK easement rights to retain its equipment and install new equipment on Network Rail’s property. For a summary of these agreements and our relationship with Network Rail, see Item 4.A. “Information on the Company—History and Development of the Company—Network Rail and British Railways Board.”
None
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UK Tax
The following summary describes certain UK tax consequences of the ownership of the Notes but does not purport to be comprehensive. Except where expressly stated, the summary relates only to the position of those persons who are the absolute beneficial owners of their notes and the interest thereon and may not apply to special situations, such as those of dealers in securities. Furthermore, the discussion below is generally based upon provisions of UK tax law and HM Revenue & Customs practice as of the date hereof. These provisions may be repealed, revoked or modified (possibly with retrospective effect) so as to result in UK tax consequences different from those discussed below. Persons considering the purchase, ownership or disposition of the notes should consult their own tax advisers concerning UK tax consequences in the light of their particular situations as well as any consequences arising under the law of any other relevant tax jurisdiction. No representations with respect to the tax consequences to any particular holder of notes are made hereby.
Interest on the Global Notes
The Notes constitute “quoted Eurobonds” within the meaning of section 349(3)(c) of the UK Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (“ICTA”) provided they are listed on a “recognized stock exchange” within the meaning of section 841 of ICTA. The Irish Stock Exchange is currently recognized for these purposes. Accordingly, as the Notes are listed on the Irish Stock Exchange, payments of interest on the Notes may be made without withholding on account of UK income tax.
Interest on the Notes constitutes UK source income for UK tax purposes and, as such, may be subject to income tax by direct assessment even where paid without withholding except in the hands of a holder who is exempt from UK income tax under the terms of an applicable double tax treaty or otherwise. However, interest on a UK source received without deduction or withholding on account of UK tax will not be chargeable to UK tax in the hands of a noteholder who is not resident for tax purposes in the United Kingdom unless that noteholder carries on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a UK branch, agency or permanent establishment in connection with which the interest is received or to which the Notes are attributable. There are exemptions for interest received by certain categories of agents (such as brokers and investment managers).
Accrued Income Scheme—Individual Noteholders
For the purposes of the provisions known as the “Accrued Income Scheme,” a transfer of a note by a holder who is resident or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom or a holder who carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency to which the note is attributable, may give rise to a charge to tax on income in respect of an amount as is just and reasonable.
Taxation of Chargeable Gains—Individual Noteholders
For the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains, notes which are denominated in pounds sterling are expected to be treated as “qualifying corporate bonds” by HM Revenue & Customs. Accordingly, for UK chargeable gains tax purposes, no chargeable gain or allowable loss should arise on the disposal of notes which are so denominated.
Notes which are denominated in US Dollars will not be “qualifying corporate bonds” for the purposes of United Kingdom taxation of chargeable gains. Accordingly, a holder of notes which are so denominated who is resident or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom, or who carries on a trade in the United Kingdom to which the holding of the notes is attributable, may realize a chargeable gain or allowable loss on the disposal of their holding of notes.
UK Corporation Tax Payers
Holders of the notes within the charge to UK corporation tax will not be subject to the methods of taxation set out in “—Accrued Income Scheme—Individual Noteholders.” Any profits and gains (including interest) and profits or gains arising from currency fluctuations arising from the notes in the hands of those holders will generally be charged to tax as income in each accounting period on a basis reflecting the treatment in the statutory accounts of the holders, calculated in accordance with the holder’s authorized accounting methods.
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Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
No stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax should be payable on the issuance or transfer of the notes.
European Directive on the Taxation of Savings Income
The EU has adopted a Directive regarding the taxation of savings income. Member States of the European Union are required to provide to the tax authorities of other Member States of the European Union details of payments of interest and other similar income paid by a person to an individual in another Member State of the European Union, except that Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg instead impose a withholding system for a transitional period unless during such period they elect otherwise.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion is based upon the provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, the applicable US Treasury regulations promulgated or proposed under the Code, judicial authority and current administrative rulings and practice, all as in effect as of the date of this annual report. Legislative, judicial or administrative changes or interpretations may occur in the future that may be retroactive and that could alter or modify the continued validity of the following statements and conclusions.
Except as specifically noted, this discussion is limited to the US federal income tax considerations that apply to a “US holder,” which is a beneficial owner of a note that is, for US federal income tax purposes:
| • | | a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| • | | a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for US federal tax purposes) created or organized under the laws of the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| • | | an estate, the income of which is subject to US federal income tax regardless of its source; or |
| • | | a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more US persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. |
Certain aspects of US federal income taxation relevant to a beneficial owner of a note that is an individual, a corporation, an estate or a trust other than a US holder, or a non-US holder, are also discussed below. The discussion below assumes that the notes will be treated as debt for US federal income tax purposes. The discussion assumes that any original issue discount (“OID”) on a note is ade minimis amount, within the meaning of the US Treasury regulations relating to OID. Under these regulations, a note will have OID to the extent the principal amount of the note exceeds its issue price. Further, if a note has any OID, it generally will bede minimis if it is less than 1/4% of the principal amount of the note multiplied by the number of full years included in its term. The discussion does not address all aspects of US federal income taxation that might be relevant to particular holders due to their personal investment circumstances or status, nor does it discuss the consequences to investors subject to special treatment under the US federal income tax laws, such as dealers in securities or foreign currency, brokers, taxpayers that have elected mark-to-market accounting, financial institutions or “financial services entities,” insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations or private foundations, taxpayers holding notes as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “constructive sale” or other integrated investment, US holders that have a “functional currency” other than the US dollar, US expatriates or former long-term residents of the United States and persons subject to the alternative minimum tax. This discussion does not address any special rules that may apply if the holder receives principal in installment payments or if a note is called before the maturity date. This discussion also does not take into consideration any US federal income tax implications if:
| • | | GCUK or the Issuer consolidates or merges with or into any other person or sells, assigns, transfers, leases, conveys or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of its assets to another person; or |
| • | | GCUK or the Issuer is succeeded by a successor entity. |
Additionally, this discussion does not consider the tax treatment of partnerships or other pass-through entities or persons who hold the notes through a partnership or other pass-through entity. Moreover, the effect of any applicable state, local or foreign tax laws or the applicability of US federal gift or estate taxation is not discussed. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the US federal, state, local and other tax considerations of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the notes.
Except as otherwise indicated below, this discussion is generally limited to the tax consequences to beneficial owners of the notes that are initial holders of the notes, that hold the notes as capital assets (within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code) and that received the notes in an exchange offer for the unregistered notes
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that were purchased for cash at their original issuance. Holders that acquired the notes after their original issuance are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding any additional US federal income tax consequences of their investment in the notes, including the application of the amortizable bond premium or market discount rules, as well as other rules, which may apply under their particular circumstances.
The references in the discussion concerning foreign currency, exchange rates and exchange gain or loss apply only to the sterling-denominated notes.
Each holder should consult its own tax advisor concerning the application of US federal income tax laws, as well as the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction to its particular situation.
Stated Interest on Notes
Stated interest on a note will be taxable to a US holder as ordinary income either at the time it accrues or is received in accordance with the US holder’s method of accounting for tax purposes. Stated interest paid on a note will be includible in income by a US holder in an amount equal to the US dollar value of the interest, regardless of whether a payment is in fact converted to US dollars at that time. If the US holder uses the cash method of accounting for tax purposes, the US dollar value of the interest is determined using the spot rate at the time payment is received. If a US holder uses the accrual method of accounting for tax purposes, the US dollar value of the interest is determined using the average exchange rate during the relevant accrual period (or partial accrual period for interest paid in a subsequent taxable year) or, if elected, the spot rate (a) on the last day of the relevant accrual period (or partial accrual period) or (b) on the payment date, if that date is within five business days of the last day of the accrual period or taxable year. Any spot rate election will apply to all debt instruments held by the US holder at the beginning of the first taxable year to which the election applies or afterwards acquired and will be irrevocable without the consent of the US Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). Any differences in the exchange rate between the rate at which interest on a note is included in income and the spot rate on the payment (or disposition) date for interest will result in exchange gain or loss on the related amount of interest, and will generally be treated as US source ordinary income or loss for US federal income tax purposes. The US dollar value of interest accrued or received, adjusted for any exchange gain or loss as to the amount accrued, generally will be a US holder’s tax basis in the foreign currency received as interest on a note.
Additional Amounts and Other Additional Interest
We intend to treat the possibility that we will pay additional amounts (i.e., the amount provided for in the Notes to prevent any net reduction on account of certain withholding taxes) or any other amounts in excess of stated principal and interest as a remote or incidental contingency, within the meaning of applicable US Treasury regulations. Accordingly, we believe the gross amount of any such amounts should be includible in gross income by a US holder as ordinary interest income at the time that amount is received or accrued in accordance with the US holder’s method of accounting for tax purposes in the same manner as discussed above under “—Stated Interest on Notes,” and should not cause the notes to be subject to the contingent payment debt instrument rules. However, the IRS may not agree. US holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of the contingent payment debt instrument rules and the consequences thereof.
Pre-Issue Interest
Certain US holders may be entitled to receive a payment in respect of interest accrued for a period before the relevant notes were issued (“Pre-issue Interest”). Under applicable Treasury regulations, the portion of the initial amount paid for a note that is allocable to such Pre-issue Interest can be considered subtracted from the purchase price for the note. Accordingly, any portion of a payment on a note allocable to Pre-issue Interest may not be included in income or accrued as interest, but it may result in recognition of foreign currency gain or loss.
Withholding Taxes
Interest income on a note generally will constitute foreign source income and, for taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2006, generally will be considered “passive” income or, in the case of certain US holders, “financial services” income, which are treated separately from other types of income in computing the foreign tax credit allowable to US holders under US federal income tax laws. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, interest income on a note generally will constitute “passive category income” or, in the case of certain US holders, “general category income.”
Should any foreign tax be withheld, the amount withheld and the gross amount of any additional amounts paid to a US holder will be included in such holder’s income at the time such amount is received or accrued in accordance with such holder’s method of tax accounting. Foreign withholding tax paid at the rate applicable to a
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US holder would, subject to limitations and conditions (including the applicability of any treaty benefits), be treated as foreign income tax eligible for credit against such holder’s US federal income tax liability or, at such holder’s election, eligible for deductions in computing taxable income. US holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the creditability or deductibility of any withholding taxes. Any additional amounts generally would constitute foreign source income and should be translated into the US dollar value in accordance with the rules governing interest as described above.
Amortizable Bond Premium
The amount equal to the excess of a US holder’s initial tax basis in a note over the amount payable at maturity on the note will be considered “amortizable bond premium.” A US holder may elect (with respect to the note and all other obligations of such US holder with amortizable bond premium) to amortize such premium using a constant yield method over the remaining term of the note and may offset interest income otherwise required to be included in respect of a note during any taxable year by the amortized amount of such excess for the taxable year. The notes are subject to call provisions at our option at various times. A US holder will calculate the amount of amortizable bond premium based on the amount payable at the call date, but only if the call date (in lieu of the maturity date) results in a smaller amortizable bond premium for the period ending on the call date. For a note denominated in foreign currency, the amount of amortizable bond premium that will reduce a US holder’s interest income with respect to such note is determined each year in such foreign currency. At the time amortizable bond premium offsets the holder’s interest income, exchange gain or loss (which will be taxable as ordinary income or loss) generally will be realized with respect to such amortizable bond based on the difference between the spot rates of exchange on the date the premium is returned (or recovered) and the date the note was acquired.
Once the election to amortize bond premium is made, it will apply to all debt obligations held or acquired by a US holder on or after the first day of the first taxable year to which the election applies and can only be revoked with the consent of the IRS.
Sale, Exchange or Redemption
Unless a non recognition provision applies, the sale, exchange, redemption (including under an offer by us) or other disposition of a note will be a taxable event for US federal income tax purposes. In that event, a US holder will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between:
| • | | the US dollar value of the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received upon that sale, exchange, redemption or other taxable disposition (other than amounts attributable to accrued but unpaid interest, which will be taxable as such); and |
| • | | the US holder’s adjusted tax basis in the note. |
A US holder’s adjusted tax basis in a note generally will equal the cost of the note (net of accrued interest, excluding the portion allocable to Pre-issue Interest, if any, and reduced by any amortized bond premium) to the US holder, which is the US dollar value of the foreign currency purchase price of the note translated at the spot rate for the date of purchase or, in some cases, the settlement date. The conversion of US dollars into foreign currency and the immediate use of that foreign currency to purchase a note generally will not result in a taxable gain or loss for a US holder. A US holder will have a tax basis in any foreign currency received on the sale, exchange or retirement of a note equal to the US dollar value of that foreign currency on the date of receipt.
Except to the extent of exchange gain or loss discussed below, gain or loss recognized by a US holder of a note will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the note has been held, or treated as held, by the US holder for more than one year at the time of sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition. If the US holder is an individual, any capital gain generally will be subject to US federal income tax at preferential rates if specified minimum holding periods are met. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Upon the sale, exchange, retirement or repayment of a note, a US holder will recognize exchange gain or loss to the extent that the rate of exchange on the date of retirement or disposition differs from the rate of exchange on the date the note was acquired or deemed acquired. Exchange gain or loss is recognized, however, only to the extent of total gain or loss on the transaction. For purposes of determining the total gain or loss on the transaction, a US holder’s tax basis in a note will generally equal the US dollar cost of the note. Exchange gain or loss recognized by a US holder will generally be treated as US source ordinary income or loss.
Any gain realized by a US holder on the sale, exchange or redemption of a note generally will be treated as US source income for US foreign tax credit purposes. Any loss realized upon a sale, exchange, redemption or other disposition of a note generally will be allocated against US source income for US foreign tax credit purposes.
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Information Reporting and Back-up Withholding
Payments of interest and principal on a note and the proceeds from the sale or redemption or other disposition of a note paid to a US holder, other than a corporation or other exempt recipient, will be reported to the IRS. A US holder may be subject to US back-up withholding on interest and principal paid on a note and proceeds from the sale or redemption or other disposition of a note unless the US holder:
| • | | is a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact; or |
| • | | provides a correct taxpayer identification number certified under penalties of perjury, certifies as to no loss of exemption from back-up withholding and otherwise complies with the applicable requirements of the back-up withholding rules. |
Interest on a note paid to a non-US holder through the US office of any broker, US or foreign, or paid outside the United States to a non-US holder through a US person, or a person with certain enumerated US relationships (or a US-related person) is subject to information reporting and possible back-up withholding unless documentation and other requirements are satisfied. The payment of principal on a note and the proceeds from the sale or redemption or other disposition of a note by a non-US holder to or through the US office of any broker, US or foreign, or the non-US office of a US person or a US-related person, will be subject to information reporting and possible back-up withholding unless:
| • | | the owner certifies its non-US status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption; and |
| • | | the broker lacks actual knowledge, or reason to know, that the holder is a US holder or that the conditions of any other exemption are not, in fact, satisfied. |
The back-up withholding tax rate is currently at a rate of 28%. Any amount withheld under the back-up withholding rules will be creditable against the holder’s US federal income tax liability, subject to satisfaction of certain procedural requirements. Holders of notes are urged to consult their tax advisors to determine whether they qualify for exemption from US withholding and the procedure for obtaining an exemption, if applicable.
THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION OF THE MATERIAL US FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ONLY AND IS NOT TAX ADVICE. ACCORDINGLY, EACH INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR AS TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO IT OF HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF THE NOTES, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR FOREIGN TAX LAWS, AND OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGES IN APPLICABLE LAW.
F. | Dividends and Paying Agents |
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Since the registration statement of the exchange offer became effective, we have been subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, applicable to foreign private issuers and will fulfill the obligation by filing with or furnishing reports to the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file with or furnish to the SEC without charge at the SEC’s public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of this material may be obtained by mail from the Public Reference Branch of the SEC at such address, at prescribed rates. Please call the SEC at l-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit-recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are be required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as US companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. A copy of each report submitted in accordance with applicable US securities laws is available for public review at our principal executive offices.
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Not applicable.
ITEM 11. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
We are exposed to various market risks arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as foreign currency rates and interest rates. Our treasury activities, including an assessment of our market risks, are controlled by our treasury function and are based on policies and procedures approved by our Board of Directors. We do not enter into derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In December 2004, we entered into a hedging arrangement in respect of the amount of the coupon payments of our US dollar-denominated Notes in order to hedge the effect of dollar/sterling currency fluctuations with respect to the first five years’ interest payments due on those Notes. In May 2006 we designated a loan to an associate company in US Dollars, in order to create a partial economic hedge against principal repayment of the US dollar-denominated Notes. In addition, we may enter into derivative financial instruments in future periods if we believe that it is an appropriate way to manage our market risks.
Foreign Exchange Risk
We operate primarily in the United Kingdom and more than 95% of our invoices are denominated in our functional currency. Approximately a third of our debt is denominated in US dollars. Substantially all of our remaining assets and liabilities, excluding our obligations to other group companies and short-term financing, are denominated in our functional currency.
At December 31, 2006, we had £101.9 million ($200.0 million) of obligations outstanding under the US dollar-denominated Notes, partially offset by a £25.7 million ($50.4 million) US dollar loan receivable due from GCE (see Item 7B “Related Party Transactions—Intercompany loans”). A 10% weakening in sterling, from the balance sheet date, against the US dollar would result in a foreign currency loss of £8.5 million.
We entered into a five year cross-currency interest rate swap transaction with an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. to minimize exposure to any dollar/sterling currency fluctuations related to interest payments on the US dollar-denominated Notes. The swap transaction converts the US dollar currency rate on interest payments to a specified pound sterling amount.
As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, we had net payables, excluding indebtedness, of £13.6 million and £14.4 million respectively, in currencies other than pounds sterling. A 10% weakening in the rate of pounds sterling, from the balance sheet date, against the US dollar and other currencies would result in a foreign currency loss of £1.6 million. In the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, we recognized a foreign currency loss of £13.3 million and a gain of £12.6 million, respectively, on our non-functional currency net payables and loans.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest on the Notes is fixed and payable semi-annually. The US dollar-denominated notes bear interest at 10.75% and the sterling-denominated notes bear interest at a rate of 11.75%. If market interest rates were to decrease substantially below the fixed rates, we would be incurring above-market interest expense.
As at December 31, 2006, a 1% movement in market interest rates would have an insignificant impact on the Company’s results.
ITEM 12. | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES |
Not applicable.
77
PART II
ITEM 13. | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES |
None.
ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None.
ITEM 15. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Review of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The Company carried out a review, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Managing Director (the principal executive officer) and UK Finance Director (the principal financial officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of these disclosure controls and procedures at December 31, 2006.
As part of this review, we considered (i) the evaluation by our parent company of the disclosure controls and procedures of the GCL Group Companies, including ourselves, as discussed in GCL’s 2006 annual report filed on Form 10-K on March 16, 2007, (ii) matters pertaining to our financial reporting on a standalone basis under IFRS , as a foreign private issuer for SEC reporting purposes, and (iii) the remediation of GCUK’s previously identified material weakness in internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 as reported in our 2005 annual report on Form 20-F .
Based upon this review, we have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2006.
Review of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management assumes responsibility for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Those rules define internal control over financial reporting as a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
| • | | pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; |
| • | | provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and |
| • | | provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of the prevention or detection of misstatements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Effective for the year ending December 31, 2007, under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“SOX 404”) and Item 308 of the SEC’s Regulation S-K, our management will be required to assess the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. However, GCL, our parent company, was required for the year ended December 31, 2006 to adhere to the requirements of SOX 404 and Item 308 of Regulation S-K.
78
Accordingly, GCL conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO Criteria”). We participated in GCL’s evaluation insofar as such evaluation encompassed the operations of GCUK.
In addition to the participation in our parent company’s evaluation, we considered matters pertaining to our financial reporting on a standalone basis, as a foreign private issuer for SEC reporting purposes. Such standalone financial reporting has been undertaken in IFRS (with reconciliations to US GAAP) for each of our quarterly reports in 2006 and in the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
We also considered the remediation of GCUK’s previously identified material weakness in internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2005 as reported in our 2005 annual report on Form 20-F. The material weakness we identified related to our failure to maintain appropriate controls over the process for calculating, recording and reporting of depreciation expense. The Company has implemented remediation measures, as explained below, which management believes have remediated GCUK’s material weakness as of December 31, 2006.
We have taken the following measures to remediate the material weakness as described above:
| • | | Implemented additional management review procedures, and analytical review procedures, to help ensure the validity of the depreciation expense amounts calculated. |
| • | | Implemented an SAP enterprise software application and database as the financial system of record with effect from January 1, 2006, thus substantially reducing reliance on manual spreadsheets, including those related to depreciation charges. |
| • | | Adopted IFRS as our basis of financial reporting, effective beginning with our 2005 annual report Form 20-F. As noted in Note 31 of our 2005 annual report Form 20-F, we have availed ourselves of an exemption under IFRS whereby our fixed assets at the transition date to IFRS are stated at fair value. Accordingly, the carrying value of our asset base is now substantially identical for purposes both of our standalone reporting under IFRS and our parent’s consolidated reporting under US GAAP, thereby simplifying and further automating our control environment around fixed assets and depreciation expense from 31 December 2005. |
On December 28, 2006 the Company acquired control of Fibernet and Fibernet’s results of operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements commencing on that date. At December 28, 2006, total assets acquired were valued at £99.5 million and net assets acquired were valued at £60.2 million (see note 4, “Business combinations” to the accompanying consolidated financial statements). Since the acquisition was completed in late 2006, the scope of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 does not include Fibernet. This exclusion is in accordance with the general guidance issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from management’s report on internal control over financial reporting in the year of acquisition.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2006, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. Since Fibernet was acquired late in 2006, we are currently in the process of migrating overlapping processes and systems to legacy Global Crossing processes and systems.
ITEM 16.A. | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT |
On July 6, 2005, the Company established an audit committee. This comprises Richard Atkins (non-executive), John Hughes (non-executive) and John McShane. Richard Atkins has been designated as the audit committee financial expert. The responsibilities of the audit committee are to:
| • | | Monitor the integrity of the companies’ financial statements, reviewing significant financial reporting judgments contained within them. |
| • | | To review the companies’ internal financial controls and internal control and risk management systems. |
79
| • | | To monitor and review the effectiveness of the companies internal audit function. |
| • | | To decide upon the external auditors’ appointment, removal and remuneration. |
| • | | To monitor and review the external auditor’s independence and objectivity and the effectiveness of the audit process. |
| • | | To develop and implement policy on the engagement of the external auditor to supply non-audit services. |
GCL, our parent company, has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principle accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. Our Board of Directors has adopted our parent company’s code of ethics as our own. This code of ethics is available on our parent company’s website (www.globalcrossing.com).
ITEM 16.C. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANTS FEES AND SERVICES |
The following fees were paid or are payable to the Company’s and the Issuer’s auditors for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006.
| | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (£ thousands) |
Audit Fees(1) | | £ | 992 | | £ | 1,053 |
Audit Related Fees | | | — | | | — |
Tax Fees | | | — | | | — |
All Other Fees (2) | | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Aggregate fees for professional services | | £ | 992 | | £ | 1,053 |
| | | | | | |
(1) | For the year ended December 31, 2006, £0.3 million of this amount was capitalized within deferred finance fees. |
(2) | There were no other fees paid or payable to the Company’s and Issuers’ auditors in years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006. |
ITEM 16.D. | EXEMPTION FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES |
Not applicable
ITEM 16.E. | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS |
Not applicable
80
PART III
ITEM 17. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
We have responded to Item 18. “Financial Statements” in lieu of this item.
ITEM 18. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report may be found beginning on page F-1.
81
| | |
1.1 | | Memorandum and Articles of Association of Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
1.2 | | Memorandum and Articles of Association of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
2.1 | | Indenture, dated December 23, 2004, among Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, as Guarantor, the other Guarantors defined therein and the Bank of New York, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
2.2 | | Supplemental Indenture, dated December 28, 2006, among Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, as Guarantor, Fibernet Group Limited, Fibernet UK Limited and Fibernet Limited, as Subsidiary Guarantors, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. |
| |
4.1 | | Security Arrangement Agreement, dated December 23, 2004, among the Bank of New York as Trustee and Collateral Agent, Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, STT Communications Ltd, STT Crossing Ltd and STT Hungary Liquidity Management Limited Liability Company. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.2 | | Intercreditor and Collateral Agency Agreement, dated December 23, 2004, among the Interest Hedge Secured Parties defined therein and the Bank of New York as Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.3 | | Debenture, dated December 23, 2004, among Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc and the Bank of New York as Collateral Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.4 | | Affiliate Subordination Agreement, dated December 23, 2004, among Global Crossing Limited, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, certain affiliates of Global Crossing Limited named therein and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee and Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.11 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.5 | | Finance Lease Agreement between Railtrack Plc and BR Telecommunications Limited, dated June 20, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.6 | | Capacity Purchase Agreement between Network Rail Infrastructure Limited and Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, dated November 10, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.7 | | Deed of Grant from Railtrack Plc to BR Telecommunications Limited, dated March 31, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.8 | | Deed of Grant from British Railways Board to BR Telecommunications Limited, dated March 31, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.9 | | Agreement in respect of Telecommunications Apparatus between Railtrack Plc and BR Telecommunications Limited, dated April 21, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.10 | | Agreement in respect of Telecommunications Apparatus between British Railways Board and BR Telecommunications Limited, dated June 19, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on June 8, 2005). |
| |
4.11 | | Debenture, dated December 28, 2006, among Fibernet Group Limited, Fibernet UK Limited and Fibernet Limited, as Chargors, and the Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent. |
| |
4.12 | | Purchase Agreement, dated December 20, 2006, among Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, and ABN AMRO Bank N.V. |
| |
4.13 | | Share Purchase Agreement, dated December 28, 2006, among GC Acquisitions UK Limited, as Vendor, and Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, as Purchaser. |
82
| | |
4.14 | | Accession Deed to the Security Arrangement Agreement, dated December 28, 2006, among Fibernet Group Limited, Fibernet UK Limited and Fibernet Limited. |
| |
4.15 | | Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 28, 2006, among Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc, Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited, and ABN AMRO Bank N.V. |
| |
4.16 | | Share Purchase Agreement, dated December 27, 2006, among Fibernet Group Limited, as Vendor, and Global Crossing International, Ltd, as Purchaser. |
| |
12.1 | | Certification of Anthony Christie filed pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a). |
| |
12.2 | | Certification of Shaun Tweed filed pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a). |
| |
13.1 | | Certification of Anthony Christie furnished pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C.§1350. |
| |
13.2 | | Certification of Shaun Tweed furnished pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. §1350. |
83
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2006
F-1
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Contents
F-2
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Independent auditors’ report to the shareholders’ of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Ltd.
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Ltd
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of changes in equity, and consolidated cash flow statements for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited at December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union which differ in certain respects from United States generally accepted accounting principles (see note 30 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements).
Ernst & Young LLP
London, England
April 20, 2007
F-3
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Consolidated Income Statements
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | Note | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
Revenue | | 3 | | £ | 271,096 | | | £ | 239,498 | | | £ | 240,612 | |
Cost of sales | | | | | (156,735 | ) | | | (136,317 | ) | | | (147,481 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | | | 114,361 | | | | 103,181 | | | | 93,131 | |
| | | | |
Distribution costs | | | | | (10,504 | ) | | | (10,009 | ) | | | (10,385 | ) |
Administrative expenses | | | | | (40,258 | ) | | | (47,738 | ) | | | (53,683 | ) |
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet | | 5 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 8,453 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating profit | | 5 | | | 63,599 | | | | 45,434 | | | | 37,516 | |
| | | | |
Finance revenue | | 7 | | | 1,324 | | | | 2,206 | | | | 1,503 | |
Finance charges | | 8 | | | (1,937 | ) | | | (42,125 | ) | | | (16,191 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit before tax | | | | | 62,986 | | | | 5,515 | | | | 22,828 | |
| | | | |
Tax benefit/(charge) | | 9 | | | 11,364 | | | | 2,477 | | | | (9,377 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit for the year | | | | £ | 74,350 | | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | 13,451 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Note | | Share Capital | | Capital Reserve | | Hedging Reserve | | | Accumulated Deficit | | | Total | |
| | | | | |
At January 1, 2004 | | | | £ | 100 | | £ | 21 | | £ | — | | | £ | (396,220 | ) | | £ | (396,099 | ) |
Loss on cash flow hedge taken to equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | (2,440 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,440 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense recognized directly in equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | (2,440 | ) | | | — | | | | (2,440 | ) |
Transfers to consolidated income statement on cash flow hedge | | | | | — | | | — | | | 42 | | | | — | | | | 42 | |
Profit for the year | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | 74,350 | | | | 74,350 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense for the period | | | | | — | | | — | | | (2,398 | ) | | | 74,350 | | | | 71,952 | |
Issued share capital | | | | | 1 | | | 21,895 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 21,896 | |
Share-based payment | | 24 | | | — | | | 1,146 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,146 | |
Write off of intercompany loans | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | 82,000 | | | | 82,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2004 | | | | £ | 101 | | £ | 23,062 | | £ | (2,398 | ) | | £ | (239,870 | ) | | £ | (219,105 | ) |
Gain on cash flow hedge taken to equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | 4,100 | | | | — | | | | 4,100 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense recognized directly in equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | 4,100 | | | | — | | | | 4,100 | |
Transfers to consolidated income statement on cash flow hedge | | | | | — | | | — | | | 206 | | | | — | | | | 206 | |
Profit for the year | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | 7,992 | | | | 7,992 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense for the period | | | | | — | | | — | | | 4,306 | | | | 7,992 | | | | 12,298 | |
Share-based payment | | 24 | | | — | | | 2,089 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,089 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | | £ | 101 | | £ | 25,151 | | £ | 1,908 | | | £ | (231,878 | ) | | £ | (204,718 | ) |
Loss on cash flow hedge taken to equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | (4,343 | ) | | | — | | | | (4,343 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense recognized directly in equity | | | | | — | | | — | | | (4,343 | ) | | | — | | | | (4,343 | ) |
Transfers to consolidated income statement on cash flow hedge | | | | | — | | | — | | | (181 | ) | | | — | | | | (181 | ) |
Profit for the year | | | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | | 13,451 | | | | 13,451 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total income and expense for the period | | | | | — | | | — | | | (4,524 | ) | | | 13,451 | | | | 8,927 | |
Share-based payment | | 24 | | | — | | | 217 | | | — | | | | — | | | | 217 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | | | £ | 101 | | £ | 25,368 | | £ | (2,616 | ) | | £ | (218,427 | ) | | £ | (195,574 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | December 31, | |
| | Note | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
Non current assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Intangible assets, net | | 11 | | £ | 1,296 | | | £ | 14,241 | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | | 12 | | | 129,005 | | | | 182,556 | |
Investment in associate | | 13 | | | 4 | | | | 163 | |
Retirement benefit asset | | 25 | | | 1,106 | | | | 922 | |
Derivative financial instrument | | 18,19 | | | 1,245 | | | | — | |
Trade and other receivables (including amounts receivable from related parties of £nil and £29,271, respectively) | | 14 | | | 3,669 | | | | 33,130 | |
Deferred tax asset | | 9 | | | 8,148 | | | | 5,262 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 144,473 | | | | 236,274 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | | | |
Inventory | | | | | — | | | | 1,112 | |
Trade and other receivables (including amounts receivable from related parties of £4,526 and £5,888, respectively) | | 14 | | | 59,954 | | | | 59,182 | |
Deferred tax asset | | 9 | | | 5,693 | | | | — | |
Derivative financial instrument | | 18,19 | | | 415 | | | | — | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | 44,847 | | | | 40,309 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 110,909 | | | | 100,603 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | | | £ | 255,382 | | | £ | 336,877 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Trade and other payables (including amounts payable to related parties of | | | | | | | | | | |
£6,704 and £6,680, respectively) | | 16 | | £ | (68,486 | ) | | £ | (77,980 | ) |
Senior secured notes | | 19 | | | (13,997 | ) | | | — | |
Deferred revenue | | | | | (30,823 | ) | | | (48,005 | ) |
Provisions | | 17 | | | (2,980 | ) | | | (3,266 | ) |
Obligations under finance leases | | 15 | | | (6,681 | ) | | | (9,214 | ) |
Derivative financial instrument | | 18,19 | | | — | | | | (894 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (122,967 | ) | | | (139,359 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Non current liabilities | | | | | | | | | | |
Trade and other payables | | 16 | | | — | | | | (647 | ) |
Senior secured notes | | 19 | | | (195,097 | ) | | | (249,631 | ) |
Deferred revenue | | | | | (103,850 | ) | | | (109,765 | ) |
Retirement benefit obligation | | 25 | | | (2,922 | ) | | | (2,808 | ) |
Provisions | | 17 | | | (11,603 | ) | | | (5,243 | ) |
Obligations under finance leases | | 15 | | | (23,661 | ) | | | (23,209 | ) |
Derivative financial instrument | | 18,19 | | | — | | | | (1,789 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | (337,133 | ) | | | (393,092 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | | | (460,100 | ) | | | (532,451 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net liabilities | | | | £ | (204,718 | ) | | £ | (195,574 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Capital and reserves | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity share capital (101,000 shares outstanding at £1 each) | | 20 | | £ | 101 | | | £ | 101 | |
Capital reserve | | | | | 25,151 | | | | 25,368 | |
Hedging reserve | | | | | 1,908 | | | | (2,616 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | | | | (231,878 | ) | | | (218,427 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity | | | | £ | (204,718 | ) | | £ | (195,574 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Consolidated Cash Flow Statements
(in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
Operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit for the year | | £ | 74,350 | | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | 13,451 | |
Adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Finance costs, net | | | 613 | | | | 39,919 | | | | 14,688 | |
Income tax | | | (11,364 | ) | | | (2,477 | ) | | | 9,377 | |
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment | | | 14,217 | | | | 18,334 | | | | 21,817 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 378 | | | | 832 | | | | 1,120 | |
Share based payment expense | | | 1,146 | | | | 2,089 | | | | 217 | |
Gain on settlement of contracts due to Fibernet acquisition | | | — | | | | — | | | | (8,411 | ) |
Gain on recognition of negative goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,748 | ) |
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment | | | 6 | | | | 715 | | | | 168 | |
Equity income from associate | | | — | | | | — | | | | (159 | ) |
Change in provisions | | | (6,688 | ) | | | 1,917 | | | | (6,582 | ) |
Change in operating working capital | | | (4,050 | ) | | | 1,447 | | | | 9,204 | |
Change in other assets and liabilities | | | (9,696 | ) | | | (6,206 | ) | | | 8,231 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash generated from operations | | | 58,912 | | | | 64,562 | | | | 61,373 | |
Interest paid | | | (6,690 | ) | | | (26,924 | ) | | | (26,463 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | £ | 52,222 | | | £ | 37,638 | | | £ | 34,910 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest received | | £ | 1,672 | | | £ | 1,479 | | | £ | 3,740 | |
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment | | | — | | | | 10 | | | | 8 | |
Purchase of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets | | | (7,811 | ) | | | (9,452 | ) | | | (20,435 | ) |
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired | | | — | | | | — | | | | (45,013 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | £ | (6,139 | ) | | £ | (7,963 | ) | | £ | (61,700 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loans provided to group companies | | £ | 160 | | | £ | — | | | £ | (43,835 | ) |
Loans repaid by group companies | | | (334,147 | ) | | | — | | | | 16,114 | |
STT Bridge loan facility | | | 68,570 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Senior secured notes, net | | | 196,095 | | | | — | | | | 55,394 | |
Repayment of capital elements under finance leases | | | (5,971 | ) | | | (6,021 | ) | | | (5,421 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities | | £ | (75,293 | ) | | £ | (6,021 | ) | | £ | 22,252 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents | | £ | (29,210 | ) | | £ | 23,654 | | | £ | (4,538 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year | | | 50,403 | | | | 21,193 | | | | 44,847 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year | | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 44,847 | | | £ | 40,309 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non cash investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital lease and debt obligations incurred | | £ | 8,672 | | | £ | 691 | | | £ | 5,072 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Description of business
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited (“GCUK”), formerly Racal Telecommunications Limited (“Racal”) is a company registered in England and Wales at 1 London Bridge, London, SE1 9BG. GCUK is one of the leading providers in the United Kingdom (“UK”) of managed network communications services. The Company provides a wide range of telecommunications services, including data, Internet Protocol (“IP”) and voice services to government and other public sector organizations, major corporations and other communications companies. The Company markets these services through two channels, enterprise services and carrier services. Other enterprise services include pre-sales engineering and customer premise equipment (“CPE”) design, equipment procurement, provisioning and installation, and ongoing end-to-end CPE and network management and maintenance support. GCUK’s carrier customers include leading communications service providers. GCUK also provides to their carrier customers indefeasible rights to use (“IRU”) dark fiber and empty ducts.
GCUK is an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of, and part of a group of companies (the “Group Companies” or the “GC Group”) owned by Global Crossing Limited (“GCL”), a company organized under the laws of Bermuda. GCUK’s immediate parent company is Global Crossing (Bidco) Limited (“GC Bidco”), a company registered in England and Wales, which is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of GCL.
On October 22, 2004, Global Crossing (UK) Finance Plc (“GC Finance”) was created as a wholly owned special purpose financing subsidiary of GCUK. This entity was formed for the sole purpose of acting as a financing company for the issuance of debt securities and other financing arrangements and has no separate operations.
On December 28, 2006, we announced that GC Finance had completed its offering of 11.75 percent senior secured notes due 2014 (“Additional Notes”). The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the indenture, dated as of December 23, 2004 (“Indenture”), pursuant to which GC Finance previously issued $200 million aggregate principal amount of its US dollar-denominated 10.75% senior secured notes due 2014 and £105 million aggregate principal amount of its sterling-denominated 11.75% senior secured notes due 2014 (“Initial Notes”).
The Initial Notes and the Additional Notes are collectively referred to as the “Notes” or the “Senior Secured Notes”.
On December 28, 2006, proceeds from the offering were used to acquire the UK operations (“Fibernet”) of Fibernet Group Ltd and its subsidiaries (“Fibernet Group”) from GC Acquisitions UK Limited (“GC Acquisitions”), an affiliated acquisition vehicle that acquired Fibernet pursuant to an offer that was declared wholly unconditional on October 11, 2006, and to pay related fees and expenses. Upon completion of the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet guaranteed the Additional Notes and all other obligations under the Indenture. Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group transferred its German business operations to Global Crossing International Ltd (“GCI”), a wholly owned subsidiary of GCL, by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holding Ltd and its wholly owned subsidiary, Fibernet GmbH, to GCI.
GCUK, GC Finance and Fibernet are collectively referred to as the “Company”.
2. Accounting policies
Basis of preparation
The consolidated financial statements of Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited for the year ended December 31, 2006, were authorized for issue for the Board of Directors on April 11, 2007.
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of GCUK and its wholly owned subsidiaries, made up to December 31, each year, and are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”), as adopted by the European Union (“EU”). IFRSs as adopted by the EU differ in certain respects from the IFRSs issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). However the consolidated financial statements for the periods presented would be no different had the Company applied
F-8
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
IFRSs as issued by the IASB. References to “IFRS” hereafter should be construed as reference to IFRSs as adopted by the EU. The Company adopted IFRS with effect from January 1, 2004 (“date of transition”).
All intra-Company transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the directors have formed a judgment that there is a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements.
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for (i) certain financial instruments which are recorded at fair value and (ii) tangible fixed assets which have been adjusted to fair value at the date of transition, and thereafter at cost. A summary of the principal accounting policies is set out below, all of which have been applied consistently throughout the year and preceding years as presented.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in prior year consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
During 2006, the presentation of operating cash flows within the consolidated cash flow statements were revised to disclose separately the impact of changes in current and non-current assets and liabilities, excluding provisions.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported revenue and expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The estimates are based on historical factors, current circumstances and experience and judgment of the Company’s management. The Company evaluates its assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ outside experts to assist in the evaluation.
Revenue recognition
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods and services provided in respect of network and other services, long term indefeasible right of use (“IRU”) agreements and installation services, net of discounts, VAT and other sales-related taxes.
Network and other services
Network service revenues are generated from the sale of transmission of voice and data traffic and short term network capacity and are recognized in the period the services are utilized by the customer. Other service revenues are generated from design and deployment of customer premises equipment (“CPE”), maintenance and network management for enterprise customers. Revenue from the provision of other services which are contracted to be performed continuously over the contract term is recognized evenly over the period of each contract. For services invoiced in advance, amounts are deferred until the provision of the service.
Long term IRU agreements
Revenues from the lease of network capacity and dark fiber to third parties pursuant to long term IRU agreements are recognized on a straight line basis over the life of the contract. Non-refundable payments received from customers before relevant criteria are satisfied for revenue recognition are included in deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
F-9
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Installation services
The Company amortizes revenue related to installation services on a straight line basis over the average contracted customer relationship (typically 24 months). In situations where the contracted period is significantly longer than the average, the actual contract term is used.
Gross versus net revenue recognition
In determining its presentation of revenue and cost of sales, the Company assesses whether it acts as a principal in the transaction or as an agent acting on behalf of others. Where the Company is the principal in the transaction and has the risks and rewards of ownership, the transactions are recorded as gross in the consolidated income statements. If the Company does not act as principal in the transaction, the transactions are recorded on a net basis in the consolidated income statements.
Cost of access
Cost of access primarily comprises usage-based voice charges paid to other carriers to originate and / or terminate switched voice traffic and charges for leased lines for dedicated facilities. Access costs are expensed as the services are received from the Company’s access providers and are determined based on volume of access received as measured by the Company’s network, and the access rates determined by the applicable contract or regulatory authority. At the close of each reporting period, the Company records a provision for its best estimate of access costs.
Leases
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
The Company as lessor
Rental income from operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Where significant, initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying value of the leased asset and recognized on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.
There are no finance leases to which the company is party as lessor.
The Company as lessee
Assets held under finance leases are recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability of the Company is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are charged directly to the consolidated income statement in accordance with the Company’s general policy on borrowing costs (see below).
Rental expenses payable under operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to enter into an operating lease are also included in the consolidated income statement on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.
The Company has elected to adopt the provisions of International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee 4 “Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease” (“IFRIC 4”) commencing January 1, 2004, as permitted by the interpretation. This Interpretation has been used to determine whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease. This determination is based on the substance of the arrangement and requires an assessment of whether fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets and whether the arrangement conveys a right to use a specific asset or assets.
F-10
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Connection costs
The Company is charged initial connection fees when taking on new Integrated Service Digital Network / Public Switch Telephone Network circuits from local loop suppliers. These circuits are purchased by the Company solely and specifically for the purposes of providing connectivity over the final leg of the connection between customer premises and the Company’s network. Such initial connection costs are treated as deferred costs within other receivables, and are amortized as an expense within cost of sales on a straight-line basis over the average expected customer relationship (typically 24 months).
Foreign currencies
The individual financial statements of GCUK and its subsidiary undertakings are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which they operate (their functional currency) which is pounds sterling. This is also the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.
In order to hedge its exposure to certain foreign exchange risks, the Company has entered into swap agreements. See “Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting” below for details of the Company’s accounting policies in respect of such swap agreements.
Goodwill and business combinations
In accordance with the provisions of International Financial Reporting Standard 3, “Business Combinations” (“IFRS 3”), business combinations are recorded using the purchase method. Under this method, upon initial consolidation of an entity over which the Company has acquired exclusive control, the assets acquired and the liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed are recognized at their fair value at acquisition date. At this date, goodwill is initially measured at the excess of the cost of the business combination over the Company’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities. Excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired over total consideration is recognized directly in the consolidated income statement within administrative expenses.
Intangible assets
Computer software is stated at cost, being purchase price together with any directly attributable costs incurred in preparing the software for its intended use, net of amortization and provisions for impairment.
Costs directly associated with the production of internally developed software, where it is probable that they will generate future economic benefits exceeding costs, are recognized in intangible assets and amortized over their estimated useful lives from the date the software is ready for use. Where internally generated software is not yet complete, associated costs recognized at the balance sheet date are reviewed for impairment.
Acquired intangible assets comprise customer contracts and relationships and internally developed software. Acquired intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives.
Amortization is provided on all intangible assets, so as to write off the cost, less estimated residual value, over their estimated lives using the straight line method as follows:
| | |
Computer software | | 3-5 years |
Acquired intangible assets (see note 11) | | 1 to 10 years |
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment, which include assets held under finance lease, are stated at deemed cost, at the date of transition, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. Assets acquired subsequent to the date of transition are recorded at historical cost, net of depreciation and provision for impairment. Expenditure on enhancements is capitalized whilst expenditure for repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred.
F-11
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Costs recorded prior to a network segments’ completion are reflected as construction in progress, which are reclassified to network assets at the date that each segment of the applicable system becomes operational. Construction in process includes direct expenditures for the construction of network systems and is stated at cost. Capitalized costs include costs incurred under the construction contract: advisory, consulting and legal fees, direct internal costs (including labor) and operating costs incurred during the construction phase.
Once it is probable that a network system will be constructed, costs directly identifiable with the cable system under development are capitalized. Costs relating to the evaluation of new projects incurred prior to the date the development of the network system becomes probable are expensed as incurred.
The carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized on disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal.
Where the carrying value of an item of property, plant and equipment includes the cost of replacement for part of the item, then the carrying value of the replaced part is derecognized regardless of whether the replacement part had been depreciated separately. Where it is not practicable to determine the carrying amount of the replaced part, the Company may use the cost of the replacement as an indication of what the cost of the replaced part was at the time it was acquired or constructed.
Depreciation is provided on all plant, property and equipment except construction in progress, so as to write off the cost less estimated residual value of each asset, over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method, on the following basis:
| | |
Buildings | | 10 to 40 years |
Leasehold improvements | | Lesser of the lease term or 20 years |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | | 3 to 7 years |
Transmission equipment | | 3 to 25 years |
Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, over the term of the relevant lease. The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an asset is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement.
Impairment of intangible and tangible assets
At each balance sheet date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its intangible and tangible assets, and any assets that have yet to be brought into use, to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered impairment. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows to be generated by the asset are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in the consolidated income statement.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but only to the extent that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in the consolidated income statement.
F-12
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Investment in associates
Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. An associated undertaking is an entity in which the Company has a participating interest and, in the opinion of directors, can exercise significant influence over its operating and financial policies. Administrative expenses within the consolidated income statement includes the Company’s share of the operating result and the consolidated balance sheet shows the Company’s share of the net assets or liabilities of those entities.
Inventory
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labor costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. Inventory balances at the balance sheet date represent equipment held for resale.
Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized on the Company’s balance sheet when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Trade receivables
Trade receivables do not carry any interest and are stated at their nominal value as reduced by any provision for doubtful debts and sales credits.
Provisions for doubtful debts are charged to administrative expenses whilst provisions for sales credits are charged against revenue, both contained within the consolidated income statement. The adequacy of provisions is evaluated periodically by the Company utilizing several factors including the length of time the receivables are past due, changes in the customer’s creditworthiness, the customer’s payment history, the length of the customer’s relationship with the Company, the current economic climate, current industry trends and other relevant factors. Service level requirements are assessed to determine sales credit requirements where necessary.
Changes in these estimates are charged or credited to the consolidated income statement in the period of the change. If circumstances occur, such as changes in the financial viability of significant customers, and economic downturn, or changes in the Company’s ability to meet service level requirements, the estimated of the recoverability of the Company’s receivables could be reduced by a material amount.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash held by the Company and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value.
For the purposes of consolidated cash flow statements, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cash equivalents as defined above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts.
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities issued by the Company are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into and the definitions of a financial liability.
Trade payables
Trade payables are not interest-bearing and are stated at their nominal value.
F-13
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting
Derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value as either assets or liabilities contained within the balance sheet. For the purposes of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as:
| • | | fair value hedges when hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset of liability; or |
| • | | cash flow hedges when hedging the exposure to variability in cash flows that is either attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability or a probable forecast transaction. |
Hedge accounting is only used where, at the inception of the hedge, there is formal designation and documentation of the hedging relationship and it meets the Company’s risk management objective strategy for undertaking the hedge.
Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are not designated as hedges and/or ineffective portions of cash flow hedges are required to be recognized in the consolidated income statement in the current period. Changes in the fair value of the effective portions of cash flow hedges are required to be recognized in the hedging reserve in equity and to be recognized in the consolidated income statement when the hedged item is recognized in the consolidated income statement. Changes in the fair value of effective portions of fair value hedges are recognized in the consolidated income statement with the change in value of the hedged item.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognized in equity is retained in equity until the forecasted transaction is recorded in the consolidated income statement. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognized in equity is transferred to the consolidated income statement for the period.
Retirement benefit costs
The Company’s employees participate in two occupational pension schemes;
| • | | The Global Crossing Pension Scheme (“the “Global scheme); and |
| • | | The Global Crossing Shared Cost Section of the Railways Pension Scheme (the “Railways scheme”). |
The Global scheme is an occupational pension scheme with defined contribution and defined benefit elements. The Railways scheme is a defined benefit scheme.
Costs associated with the defined contribution element of the Company’s retirement benefit schemes are charged to the consolidated income statement as they fall due and represent the amounts payable in the year. Differences between contributions payable in the year and contributions actually paid are treated as either a prepayment or accrual.
Costs associated with the defined benefit element of the Company’s retirement benefit schemes, which are periodically calculated by professionally qualified actuaries, are calculated using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses that exceed 10% of the greater of the present value of the Company’s defined benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets are amortized over the expected average remaining working lives of the participating employees. Past service cost is recognized immediately to extent that the benefits are already vested, and otherwise is amortized on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.
The retirement benefit obligation recognized in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for actuarial gains and losses and unrecognized past service cost, and as reduced by the fair value of the plan assets out of which obligations are to be settled directly. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to unrecognized actuarial losses and past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the plan.
F-14
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the consolidated income statement because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax is the tax expected to be paid or recovered on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Such assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax is measured at the rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which timing differences are expected to reverse based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax is charged or credited in the consolidated income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, and it is probable that there will be an outflow of economic benefits. Provisions are measured at the directors’ best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date, and are discounted to present value where the effect is material.
Restructuring costs
Provisions for restructuring costs are recognized once the criteria for recognizing a provision, as described above, are met. For severance costs, this is when the Company has demonstrated a constructive obligation to implement a termination and has a detailed formal plan for the terminations that it has started to implement or has announced the main features to those affected by it in a sufficiently specific manner to raise a valid expectation in them that they will carry out the restructuring. For property costs, a constructive obligation is demonstrated when the Company vacates the property. Such amounts are recognized in the consolidated income statement utilizing an appropriate risk free discount rate.
Changes in assumptions, especially as they relate to anticipated third-party sub-lease payments, could have a material effect of the restructuring provision.
Dilapidation provision
At the inception of each lease, the Company records a provision of the estimated costs required to return leased properties to their original state in accordance with the respective third party lease agreements. The provision is based on the estimated present value of the obligation utilizing an appropriate risk free discount rate.
F-15
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are expensed as incurred.
Share-based payments
The Company has applied the requirements of IFRS 2 “Share-based Payment” (“IFRS 2”). As permitted by the transitional provisions, IFRS 2 has been applied to all grants of equity instruments after November 7, 2002 that had not yet vested as of the adoption of IFRS as of the date of transition.
The Company issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees. Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on an accelerated basis over the vesting period, based on the group’s estimate of shares that will eventually vest and adjusted for the effect of non market-based vesting conditions.
The fair value of awards are measured by use of the Black Scholes option pricing model for stock option awards and the current market price for restricted stock unit and performance based awards. In calculating the fair value of stock options, in 2004, as GCL’s equity only had a limited trading history, the volatility assumption represents a mean-average of GCL’s stock volatility and an average of a select group of telecommunications companies. There were no stock options granted in 2005 and 2006.
The movement in cumulative expense since the previous balance sheet date is recognized in administrative expenses within the consolidated income statement, with a corresponding entry in equity.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements and interpretations not applied
During the year, the IASB and the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) have issued the following standards and interpretations with an effective date after the date of these financial statements;
| | | | |
International Accounting standards (IAS / IFRS) | | Effective date |
| | |
IFRS 7 | | Financial instruments : disclosure | | 1 January 2007 |
Issued in August 2005, this standard builds on and supersedes the disclosure requirements set out in IAS 32, Financial Instruments: disclosure and presentation. Adoption of IFRS will not affect the results of the Company or its operations but may result in changes to the relevant disclosure.
| | | | |
IAS 1 | | Amendment—Presentation of Financial Statements : Capital disclosures | | 1 January 2007 |
Issued in August 2005, this amendment sets out additional disclosure requirements, both qualitative and quantitative, in respect of capital. Its adoption will not affect the results of the Company or its operations but may result in changes to the relevant disclosure.
| | | | |
IFRS 8 | | Operating segments | | 1 January 2009 |
Issued in November 2006, this standard supersedes IAS 14, “Segment Reporting”, and requires operating segments to be consistent with that used by management for internally evaluating performance and allocating resources. Additional disclosure requirements are also included. As the Company operates as one reportable business segment, the adoption of IFRS 8 will not affect the results of the Company or its operations but may result in changes to the relevant disclosure.
F-16
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
| | | | |
International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee interpretations (IFRICss) | | Effective date |
| | |
IFRIC 7 | | Applying the restatement approach under IAS 29 | | 1 March 2006 |
IFRIC 7 requires entities to apply IAS 29 “Financial Reporting in Hyper-inflationary Economies” in the reporting period in which an entity first identifies the existence of hyperinflation in the economy of its functional currency as if the economy had always been hyperinflationary. Adoption of IFRIC 7 is not expected to impact the results of the Company or its operations.
| | | | |
| | |
IFRIC 8 | | Scope of IFRS 2 | | 1 May 2006 |
IFRIC 8 clarifies that IFRS 2 “Share-based Payment” will apply to any arrangement when equity instruments are granted or liabilities (based on a value of an entity’s equity instrument) are incurred by an entity, when the identifiable consideration appears to be less than the fair value of the instrument given. It presumes that such cases are an indication that other consideration (ie unidentifiable goods or services) has been or will be received. The unidentifiable goods or services concerned are to be measured at the grant date as the difference between the fair value of the share-based payment and the fair value of any identifiable goods or services received. Adoption of IFRIC 8 is not expected to impact the results of the Company or its operations.
| | | | |
| | |
IFRIC 9 | | Re-assessment of embedded derivatives | | 1 June 2006 |
IFRIC 9 requires requires an entity to assess whether a contract contains an embedded derivative at the date an entity first becomes a party to the contract and prhibits reassessment unless there is a change to the contract that significantly modifies the cash flows. Adoption of IFRIC 9 is not expected to impact the results of the Company or its operations.
| | | | |
| | |
IFRIC 10 | | Interim financial reporting and impairment | | 1 November 2006 |
IFRIC 10 addresses an inconsistency between IAS 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” and the impairment requirements relating to goodwill in IAS 36 “Impairment of Assets” and equity instruments classified as available for sale in IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement”. The Interpretation states that the specific requirements of IAS 36 and IAS 39 take precedence over the general requirements of IAS 34 and, therefore, any impairment loss recognised for these assets in an interim period may not be reversed in subsequent interim periods. Adoption of IFRIC 10 is not expected to impact the results of the Company or its operations.
| | | | |
| | |
IFRIC 11 | | Group and treasury share transaction | | 1 March 2007 |
IFRIC 11 requires arrangements whereby an employee is granted rights to an entity’s equity instruments to be accounted for as an equity-settled scheme. The interpretation also extends to the way in which subsidiaries, in their separate financial statements, account for schemes when their emplyees receive rights to equity instruments of th parent. Adoption of IFRIC 11 is not expected to impact the results of the Company or its operations.
3. Revenue
Substantially all revenue arises from sales to customers in the United Kingdom.
An analysis by type of the Company’s revenue for the year is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Provision of telecommunication services | | £ | 263,938 | | £ | 234,633 | | £ | 235,112 |
Long term IRU agreements | | | 7,158 | | | 4,865 | | | 5,500 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Revenue from customers | | | 271,096 | | | 239,498 | | | 240,612 |
Finance revenue (see note 7) | | | 1,324 | | | 2,206 | | | 1,503 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | £ | 272,420 | | £ | 241,704 | | £ | 242,115 |
| | | | | | | | | |
F-17
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company operates as one reportable business segment with revenue derived from two types of third party customers; enterprise and carrier customers located in the UK, and from fellow Group Companies. Enterprise customers include public sector clients, participants in the rail industry and other commercial organizations. Carrier customers are mobile and fixed line operators with capacity requirements in the UK. The Company services these customers with assets and personnel located predominantly in the UK.
The following represents a summary of revenue by type of customer:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Enterprise | | £ | 236,508 | | £ | 220,909 | | £ | 219,658 |
Carrier data | | | 20,208 | | | 16,644 | | | 16,035 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 256,716 | | | 237,553 | | | 235,693 |
Carrier voice | | | 13,276 | | | 1,445 | | | 4,394 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Revenue from third party customers | | | 269,992 | | | 238,998 | | | 240,087 |
Revenue from Group Companies | | | 1,104 | | | 500 | | | 525 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Revenue from customers | | £ | 271,096 | | £ | 239,498 | | £ | 240,612 |
| | | | | | | | | |
In the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005, and the related notes included within, revenue from Group Companies, amounting to £0.5 million and £0.5 million, respectively, was included within carrier data revenue and not separately identified.
4. Business combinations
On October 11, 2006, pursuant to an offer declared wholly unconditional, GC Acquisitions, an affiliated acquisition vehicle, acquired all of the outstanding ordinary shares of Fibernet Group plc for an aggregate purchase price of £49.8 million. In addition, £2.1 million of costs directly attributable to the acquisition were incurred, resulting in a total purchase price of £51.9 million. Fibernet is a provider of specialist telecommunications services to large enterprises and other telecommunications and internet service companies primarily located in the United Kingdom.
On December 28, 2006, we announced that our subsidiary, GC Finance, had completed its offering of the Additional Notes under the Indenture. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of the Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds.
On December 28, 2006, proceeds from the offering were used to acquire Fibernet from GC Acquisitions, and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition. Upon completion of the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet guaranteed the Additional Notes and all other obligations under the Indenture. Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group Limited transferred its German business operations to GCI by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holdings Limited, and its wholly owned subsidiary Fibernet GmbH, for consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet (see note 14).
The acquisition of Fibernet Group by GC Acquisition gave rise to a change in control for IFRS accounting purposes. This was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, including the settlement of existing agreements between GCUK and Fibernet. Under IFRS purchase accounting, assets and liabilities are recorded at their fair values on the date of purchase, and the total purchase price is allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the purchase date. The acquisition of Fibernet by GCUK from GC Acquisitions represents a business combination involving entities under common control. Under IFRS, these types of business combinations are not included in scope of IFRS 3. Under IFRS, in absence of a standard or interpretation that specifically applies to a transaction, guidance issued by other standard setting bodies or an IFRS standard or interpretation that relates to a similar issue may be referred to. Therefore, under IFRS an entity may choose to account for business combinations among entities under common control using the purchase or pooling of interest method. Since the Fibernet acquisition by GCUK has commercial substance, as a result of the transaction being conducted at fair value, for cash, GCUK has accounted for the business combination using the purchase method of accounting, including the recognition of a
F-18
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
non-cash, non-taxable gain from the deemed settlement termination of existing IRU and telecom service agreements with Fibernet.
An initial purchase price has been allocated based on the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, resulting in the recognition of a £1.7 million gain within administrative expenses representing the excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired over total consideration.
This allocation and calculation is subject to revision on completion of a final assessment of the fair value of the assets acquired and when other information is received.
The fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of Fibernet as at the date of acquisition, and the corresponding carrying amounts immediately before acquisition were:
| | | | | | | | |
| | At December 28, 2006 | |
| | Carrying value | | | Fair value recorded on acquisition | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Intangible assets | | £ | 31 | | | £ | 12,535 | |
Property, plant and equipment | | | 61,751 | | | | 54,960 | |
Trade and other receivables—long term | | | 8,092 | | | | 5,196 | |
Inventory | | | 1,112 | | | | 1,112 | |
Trade and other receivables—current portion | | | 17,703 | | | | 17,628 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 8,060 | | | | 8,060 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets acquired | | £ | 96,749 | | | £ | 99,491 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Trade and other payables | | | (6,409 | ) | | | (7,680 | ) |
Obligations under finance leases | | | (3,646 | ) | | | (3,646 | ) |
Deferred income | | | (40,790 | ) | | | (28,010 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities acquired | | £ | (50,845 | ) | | £ | (39,336 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net assets acquired at fair value | | | | | | £ | 60,155 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total consideration | | | | | | £ | 51,899 | |
Less: Net assets acquired at fair value | | | | | | | (60,155 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Excess of net assets acquired over total consideration | | | | | | | (8,256 | ) |
Settlement of contracts due to Fibernet acquisition(¹) | | | | | | | 6,508 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Negative goodwill(²) | | | | | | £ | (1,748 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
(1) | In connection with the Fibernet acquisition, GCUK recorded a non-cash, non-taxable gain from the deemed settlement termination of existing IRU and telecom service agreements with Fibernet. Under these agreements, GCUK earned revenues that, based on current market rates at the acquisition date, were favorable to GCUK. GCUK recognized a £8.4 million gain (£6.5 million recorded to goodwill and £1.9 million as a reduction in pre-acquisition deferred revenue) within administrative expenses, representing the present value of the favorable portion of the distribution fee over the remaining life of the agreements. |
(2) | Negative goodwill is recognized within operating profit immediately following the acquisition, representing the excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired over total consideration. |
As a result of the above fair value assessment, a deferred tax liability of £4.1 million arises. Prior to acquisition, the Fibernet Group had unrecognized deferred tax assets of £10.0 million, of which £4.1 million are recognized to offset this deferred tax liability. Accordingly, there is no net effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2006.
The total consideration of the combination was £51.9 million and was made up as follows:
| | | |
| | Total consideration |
| | (in thousands) |
Purchase of shares | | £ | 49,829 |
Estimated acquisition costs(¹) | | | 2,070 |
| | | |
Total consideration | | £ | 51,899 |
| | | |
F-19
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The cash out flow on acquisition was:
| | | | |
| | Cash out flow on acquisition | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash paid to GC Acquisitions(¹) | | £ | 53,073 | |
Net cash acquired with subsidiary | | | (8,060 | ) |
| | | | |
Net cash out flow on acquisition | | £ | 45,013 | |
| | | | |
(1) | GCUK also incurred £1.7 million fees and expenses that are not capitalizable as part of the purchase price. At December 31, 2006, £0.5 million of this was unpaid and included within trade and other payables on the consolidated balance sheet. |
From December 28, 2006, Fibernet has contributed £0.5 million of revenue and £1.7 million of loss for the year to GCUKs results, including a one off restructuring charge of £1.7 million (see note 17).
The following unaudited pro forma combined revenue and (loss)/profit for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 have been prepared as if the acquisition of Fibernet had occurred at January 1, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
| | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Revenue | | £ | 276,925 | | | £ | 281,098 |
(Loss)/profit for the year | | | (3,917 | ) | | | 6,622 |
5. Operating profit
Operating profit has been arrived at after charging/(crediting):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | |
—Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (owned) | | £ | 12,253 | | | £ | 15,213 | | | £ | 18,461 | |
—Income from lease of property, plant and equipment (owned) to related parties (see note 27) | | | — | | | | (2,890 | ) | | | (2,776 | ) |
—Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (leased) | | | 1,964 | | | | 3,121 | | | | 3,356 | |
—Amortization of intangible assets (owned) | | | 107 | | | | 289 | | | | 576 | |
—Amortization of intangible assets (leased) | | | 271 | | | | 543 | | | | 544 | |
—Amortization of connection costs | | | 6,598 | | | | 3,828 | | | | 4,390 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 20,104 | | | £ | 24,551 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gain on settlement of contracts due to Fibernet acquisition (see note 4) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (£8,411 | ) |
Gain on recognition of negative goodwill (see note 4) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,748 | ) |
Restructuring charges (see note 17) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,706 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net gain arising from acquisition of Fibernet | | | — | | | | — | | | | (£8,453 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Payments under operating lease | | | | | | | | | | | | |
—Hire of plant and machinery | | £ | 22,878 | | | £ | 22,851 | | | £ | 16,764 | |
—Other operating leases | | | 8,425 | | | | 7,998 | | | | 8,728 | |
Receipts under operating lease sublets | | | (826 | ) | | | (2,073 | ) | | | (3,504 | ) |
| | | |
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment | | | 6 | | | | 715 | | | | 168 | |
Exceptional cost—redundancy costs | | | 737 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Exceptional gain—release of restructuring provision | | | (4,824 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Exceptional gain—rates rebate arising from reduction in agreed rateable value | | | (2,114 | ) | | | (4,879 | ) | | | — | |
Share of results in associated undertaking accounted for using the equity method | | | — | | | | — | | | | 159 | |
Auditors remuneration for audit services (see below) | | | 162 | | | | 992 | | | | 709 | |
(Gain)/loss on foreign exchange | | | (2,072 | ) | | | 1,165 | | | | (564 | ) |
F-20
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Amounts payable to Ernst & Young LLP by the Company and its subsidiary undertakings in respect of non-audit services were £nil (2005: £nil, 2004: £nil).
In addition to the amounts shown above, Deloitte & Touche LLP received fees of £26,000 (2005: £25,000, 2004: £12,000) for the audit of the group pension scheme.
6. Employee costs and remuneration of key management
Employee costs
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Wages and salaries | | £ | 29,627 | | £ | 30,411 | | £ | 27,004 |
Social security costs | | | 3,068 | | | 3,522 | | | 3,050 |
Other pension costs | | | 1,295 | | | 1,678 | | | 2,186 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 33,990 | | £ | 35,611 | | £ | 32,240 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Included in wages and salaries is a total expense of share-based payments of £0.2 million (2005: £2.1 million, 2004: £1.1 million), all of which arises from transactions accounted for as equity-settled share-based payment transactions.
Remuneration of key management
The remuneration of key management and personnel (including directors) of the Company is set out below:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Fees and other emoluments | | £ | 107 | | £ | 335 | | £ | 396 |
Termination costs | | | — | | | — | | | 120 |
Share based payments | | | — | | | 30 | | | 47 |
Company contributions to money purchase pension schemes | | | 11 | | | 22 | | | 10 |
Short term employee benefits | | | — | | | 11 | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 118 | | £ | 398 | | £ | 573 |
| | | | | | | | | |
In addition, 4 directors (2005: 5) received total remuneration in respect of services to Group Companies of £2.1 million (2005: £1.1 million) but it is not practicable to allocate this between Group Companies.
7. Finance revenue
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Interest on bank deposits | | £ | 1,210 | | £ | 1,604 | | £ | 1,069 | |
Interest receivable from other Group Companies | | | — | | | — | | | 2,420 | |
Foreign exchange loss on loans to other Group Companies | | | — | | | — | | | (2,049 | ) |
Other interest receivable | | | 114 | | | 602 | | | 63 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total finance revenue | | £ | 1,324 | | £ | 2,206 | | £ | 1,503 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
F-21
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
8. Finance charges
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Interest payable on Senior Secured Notes | | £ | 598 | | | £ | 24,472 | | £ | 24,182 | |
Amortization of deferred finance charges | | | 26 | | | | 1,024 | | | 1,028 | |
Interest on obligations under finance lease | | | 1,391 | | | | 3,409 | | | 2,432 | |
Interest on STT bridge loan facility | | | 3,023 | | | | — | | | — | |
Foreign exchange gain on STT bridge loan facility | | | (3,193 | ) | | | — | | | — | |
Interest payable to other Group Companies | | | — | | | | — | | | 1,039 | |
Other interest payable | | | 28 | | | | 184 | | | 894 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total borrowing costs using the effective interest rate method | | | 1,873 | | | | 29,089 | | | 29,575 | |
Unwind of discount on provisions and other long term liabilities | | | 824 | | | | 550 | | | 419 | |
Foreign exchange (gain)/loss on Senior Secured Notes | | | (760 | ) | | | 12,180 | | | (14,101 | ) |
Unwind of discount on Senior Secured Notes | | | — | | | | 306 | | | 298 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total finance charges | | £ | 1,937 | | | £ | 42,125 | | £ | 16,191 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
9. Taxation
The major components of income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 are:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Consolidated income statement | | | | | | | | | | |
Current income tax: | | | | | | | | | | |
Current income tax charge | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | (801 | ) |
Deferred income tax: | | | | | | | | | | |
Relating to origination and reversal of temporary differences | | | 11,364 | | | 2,477 | | | (8,576 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Income tax credit/(charge) reported in the consolidated income statement | | £ | 11,364 | | £ | 2,477 | | £ | (9,377 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
No deferred tax movements have been recognized in equity in the current or prior years.
A reconciliation between the tax expense and accounting profit multiplied by the applicable tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
| | | |
Accounting profit before tax | | £ | 62,986 | | | £ | 5,515 | | | £ | 22,828 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 30% (2005: 30%, 2004: 30%) | | £ | 18,896 | | | £ | 1,655 | | | £ | 6,848 |
Factors affecting the tax charge for the year: | | | | | | | | | | | |
—Expenses not deductible for tax purposes | | | 685 | | | | 418 | | | | 200 |
—Recognition of tax losses and other temporary differences available in the foreseeable future | | | (11,364 | ) | | | (4,550 | ) | | | 2,329 |
—Utilization of unrecognized tax losses and other temporary differences in the year | | | (19,581 | ) | | | — | | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Income tax (credit)/charge reported in the consolidated income statement | | £ | (11,364 | ) | | £ | (2,477 | ) | | £ | 9,377 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
F-22
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
During the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2005 there was no current tax charge. In the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company recognized a deferred tax asset of £11.4 million due to the Company considering that it is more likely than not that sufficient profits will be available against which to offset the deferred tax asset. A further net asset of £2.5 million was recognized in the year ended December 31, 2005. In the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company reduced the deferred tax asset by £8.6 million to reflect the amount considered more likely than not to be realized in the foreseeable future. The current tax charge of £0.8 million relates to an amount payable to other group companies for the surrender of tax relief to offset against the Company’s taxable income in the period.
A deferred tax liability of £4.1m arose on the acquisition of the Fibernet. Prior to the acquisition, Fibernet had unrecognized deferred tax assets of £10.0 million, of which £4.1 million are recognized to offset this deferred tax liability. The remaining unrecognized deferred tax asset of £5.9 million is included within other temporary differences in the table below. Accordingly, there is no net effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2006.
The following is the analysis of the deferred tax asset for financial reporting purposes:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Accelerated capital allowances | | £ | 9,420 | | | £ | 3,966 | |
Other temporary differences | | | 7,229 | | | | (824 | ) |
Tax losses available | | | 78,878 | | | | 92,605 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total deferred tax asset | | | 95,527 | | | | 95,747 | |
Less: deferred tax asset not recognized | | | (81,686 | ) | | | (90,485 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset | | £ | 13,841 | | | £ | 5,262 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Due in less than one year | | £ | 5,693 | | | £ | — | |
Due in greater than one year | | | 8,148 | | | | 5,262 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset | | £ | 13,841 | | | £ | 5,262 | |
| | | | | | | | |
At the balance sheet date, the Company has unused gross tax losses of £309 million (2005: £264 million) available for offset against future profits. A deferred tax asset has been recognized in respect of £5.3 million (2005: £13.8 million) of these losses and other temporary differences due to the Company considering that it is more likely than not that sufficient profits will be available against which to offset the deferred tax asset. The Company may carry forward its tax losses indefinitely.
The UK Government recently proposed a reduction in the UK corporation tax rate from 30% to 28% with effect from April 1, 2008. If such a reduction in tax rate is enacted then the effect will be to reduce the future value of the company’s recognised and unrecognised deferred tax assets. This proposal is in the early stages of the Parliamentary process and as such the above figures are prepared on the basis of the existing 30% tax rate.
10. Dividends
The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2005: £nil).
F-23
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
11. Intangible Assets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Computer software | | | Customer contracts | | | Customer relationships | | | Internally developed software | | | Total | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cost | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | 2,018 | | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | 2,018 | |
Reclassifications | | | (6 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (6 | ) |
Additions | | | 500 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 500 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | 2,512 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,512 | |
Additions | | | 1,597 | | | | — | | | | | | | | | | | | 1,597 | |
Acquisition of Fibernet | | | — | | | | 901 | | | | 11,055 | | | | 579 | | | | 12,535 | |
Disposals | | | (68 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (68 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 4,041 | | | £ | 901 | | | £ | 11,055 | | | £ | 579 | | | £ | 16,576 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | (384 | ) | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | (384 | ) |
Charge for year | | | (832 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (832 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | (1,216 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (1,216 | ) |
Charge for year | | | (1,104 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | (6 | ) | | | (1,120 | ) |
Eliminated on disposal | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | (2,319 | ) | | £ | (2 | ) | | £ | (8 | ) | | £ | (6 | ) | | £ | (2,335 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying amount | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | £ | 1,296 | | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | — | | | £ | 1,296 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 1,722 | | | £ | 899 | | | £ | 11,047 | | | £ | 573 | | | £ | 14,241 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included within intangible assets are assets under finance lease and construction in progress. As at December 31, 2005 and 2006, the carrying amount of assets held under finance lease was £0.8 million and £0.3 million respectively. The cost and net book value of software in the course of development (which is not amortized) at December 31, 2005 and 2006 was £nil and £22,000, respectively.
Included within the cost of computer software as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, is £nil and £269,000, respectively, of labor related to internally developed computer software. Amortization charged in the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 amounted to £nil and £2,000, respectively, giving a carrying amount of £nil and £267,000, respectively.
Customer contracts (4-year weighted average useful life), customer relationships (10-year weighted average useful life), and internally developed software (2-year weighted average useful life) represent intangible assets acquired in connection with the Fibernet acquisition (see note 4). The combined weighted average useful life for acquired intangible assets is 9 years.
The estimated amortization expense relating to acquired intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011 is £1.8 million, £1.5 million, £1.4 million, £1.3 million, and £1.1 million, respectively.
F-24
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
12. Property, plant and equipment
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Land and buildings | | Leasehold improvments | | | Fixtures, fittings, tools and equipment | | | Network assets | | | Total | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cost | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | — | | £ | 2,162 | | | £ | 1,758 | | | £ | 148,905 | | | £ | 152,825 | |
Reclassifications | | | — | | | (16 | ) | | | 16 | | | | 6 | | | | 6 | |
Additions | | | — | | | 318 | | | | 3,390 | | | | 8,757 | | | | 12,465 | |
Disposals | | | — | | | (78 | ) | | | (22 | ) | | | (825 | ) | | | (925 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | — | | | 2,386 | | | | 5,142 | | | | 156,843 | | | | 164,371 | |
Reclassifications | | | — | | | — | | | | (984 | ) | | | 984 | | | | — | |
Additions | | | — | | | 1,078 | | | | 364 | | | | 23,947 | | | | 25,389 | |
Change in dilapidations provision (see note 17) | | | — | | | — | | | | — | | | | (4,727 | ) | | | (4,727 | ) |
Acquistion of Fibernet | | | 496 | | | 2,200 | | | | 1,026 | | | | 51,238 | | | | 54,960 | |
Disposals | | | — | | | — | | | | (5 | ) | | | (317 | ) | | | (322 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 496 | | £ | 5,664 | | | £ | 5,543 | | | £ | 227,968 | | | £ | 239,671 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | — | | £ | (148 | ) | | £ | (190 | ) | | £ | (16,894 | ) | | £ | (17,232 | ) |
Charge for year | | | — | | | (182 | ) | | | (592 | ) | | | (17,560 | ) | | | (18,334 | ) |
Eliminated on disposal | | | — | | | 17 | | | | 20 | | | | 163 | | | | 200 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | — | | | (313 | ) | | | (762 | ) | | | (34,291 | ) | | | (35,366 | ) |
Charge for year | | | — | | | (365 | ) | | | (1,217 | ) | | | (20,235 | ) | | | (21,817 | ) |
Eliminated on disposal | | | — | | | — | | | | 5 | | | | 63 | | | | 68 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | — | | £ | (678 | ) | | £ | (1,974 | ) | | £ | (54,463 | ) | | £ | (57,115 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying amount | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | £ | — | | £ | 2,073 | | | £ | 4,380 | | | £ | 122,552 | | | £ | 129,005 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 496 | | £ | 4,986 | | | £ | 3,569 | | | £ | 173,505 | | | £ | 182,556 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included within network assets are assets under finance lease, and construction in progress. As at December 31, 2005 and 2006, the carrying amount of assets held under finance lease were £9.3 million and £11.6 million respectively. The cost of assets held to lease out under operating leases at December 31, 2005 and 2006 were £21.7 and £23.5 million, respectively. The net book values of these assets were £19.1 million and £18.2 million respectively. The cost and net book value of construction in progress (which is not depreciated) at December 31, 2005 and 2006 was £5.2 million and £6.6 million respectively.
13. Investment in associate
| | | |
| | Associates |
| | (in thousands) |
Cost | | | |
At January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2005 | | £ | 4 |
Share of retained results | | | 159 |
| | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 163 |
| | | |
Details of significant investments (holdings greater than 20%), including the name, country of incorporation, proportion of ownership interest is given below:
| | | | | | |
Name of company | | Country of incorporation | | Proportion of voting rights and share held | | Nature of business |
Associated undertaking | | | | | | |
| | | |
Dublin London Network Limited | | Republic of Ireland | | 45%, ordinary shares | | Telecommunications services |
F-25
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
14. Other financial assets
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables consist of:
| | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Amounts due within one year | | | | | | | |
Trade receivables (billed) | | £ | 29,352 | | £ | 36,612 | |
Less: provision for doubtful debts | | | — | | | (1,446 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Trade receivables (net) | | | 29,352 | | | 35,166 | |
Amounts owed by Group Companies | | | 4,526 | | | 5,888 | |
Other receivables | | | 6,079 | | | 281 | |
Prepayments | | | 14,606 | | | 11,955 | |
Accrued income | | | 5,391 | | | 5,892 | |
| | | | | | | |
Trade and other receivables due within one year | | £ | 59,954 | | £ | 59,182 | |
| | | | | | | |
Amounts due after more than one year | | | | | | | |
Trade receivables (net) | | £ | 490 | | £ | — | |
Amounts owed by Group Companies | | | — | | | 29,271 | |
Prepayments | | | 3,179 | | | 3,859 | |
| | | | | | | |
Trade and other receivables due after more than one year | | £ | 3,669 | | £ | 33,130 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total amounts due | | £ | 63,623 | | £ | 92,312 | |
| | | | | | | |
No interest is charged on trade receivables.
Included within other receivables as at December 31, 2005, is an overpayment of rates in previous years. Following an assessment of the rateable value of properties, notification was received of a rates rebate of £5.5 million, including interest of £0.6 million, which was received in February 2006.
Amounts owed by Group Companies, due after more than one year, includes the £25.7 million pound sterling equivalent of a $50.4 million, USD denominated, loan made to Global Crossing Europe Limited (“GCE”) in May 2006 (see note 27) and a £3.6 million loan due from Fibernet Holdings Limited as part of the Fibernet acquisition (see notes 4 and 27).
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprises cash held by the Company. The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value.
Concentration of risk
A significant portion of the Company’s revenue comes from a limited number of customers. For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, 58.5%, 64.1% and 64.9%, respectively, of revenue was derived from the top ten enterprise customers, respectively. These customers are made up of public and rail sector clients and commercial organizations. These represented £18.1 million (61.6%) and £13.7 million (38.9%) of debtors at December 31, 2005 and 2006 respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, three customers were each responsible for revenue that exceeded 10% of total revenue, accounting for £35.3 million or 14.7%, £31.8 million or 13.2% and £25.5 million or 10.6% respectively. The trade debtor balances for these three customers comprised £10.4 million, or 29.5% of the consolidated trade debtors balance at December 31, 2006. During the year ended December 31, 2005, three customers were each responsible for revenue that exceeded 10% of total revenue, accounting for £33.2 million or 13.8%, £29.7 million or 12.4% and £25.2 million or 10.5% respectively. The trade debtor balances for these three
F-26
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
customers comprised £10.1 million, or 34.3% of the consolidated trade debtors balance at December 31, 2005. During the year ended December 31, 2004, two customers were each responsible for revenue that exceeded 10% of total revenue, accounting for £31.3 million or 11.6% and £29.1 million or 10.8%, respectively.
The Company relies on a limited number of third parties for the timely supply of equipment and services relating to its network infrastructure. If these suppliers experience interruptions or other problems delivering these network components on a timely basis, operating results could suffer. In certain circumstances, the Company relies on a single supplier that has proprietary technology which has become core to the Company’s infrastructure and business. If it becomes necessary to seek alternative suppliers, the Company may be unable to obtain satisfactory replacement suppliers on economically attractive terms, on a timely basis or at all.
Credit risk
The Company’s principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, and trade and other receivables which represent the maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to financial assets.
15. Obligations under finance leases
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Minimum lease payments | | | Present value of minimum lease payments | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Amounts payable under finance leases: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Within one year | | £ | 9,276 | | | £ | 11,948 | | | £ | 6,681 | | | £ | 9,214 | |
In the second to fifth year inclusive | | | 20,626 | | | | 21,089 | | | | 15,258 | | | | 16,666 | |
After five years | | | 10,651 | | | | 8,198 | | | | 8,403 | | | | 6,543 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | 40,553 | | | | 41,235 | | | | 30,342 | | | | 32,423 | |
| | | | |
Less: future finance charges | | | (10,211 | ) | | | (8,812 | ) | | | n/a | | | | n/a | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Present value of minimum lease payments | | £ | 30,342 | | | £ | 32,423 | | | £ | 30,342 | | | £ | 32,423 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less: Amount due for settlement within 12 months (shown within current liabilities) | | | | | | | | | | | (6,681 | ) | | | (9,214 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amount due for settlement after 12 months | | | | | | | | | | £ | 23,661 | | | £ | 23,209 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are secured against hybrid transmitter networks and bear finance charges at rates ranging from 8.4% to 11.9% per annum. Lease terms range between 1 and 25 years. Interest rates are fixed at inception of the lease. All leases are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.
All lease obligations are denominated in pounds sterling.
The fair value of the Company’s lease obligations approximates their carrying amount.
The Company’s obligations under finance leases are secured by the lessors’ charges over the leased assets.
F-27
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
16. Other financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
| | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Amounts due within one year | | | | | | |
Trade payables | | £ | 40,378 | | £ | 43,467 |
Amounts owed to Group Companies | | | 6,704 | | | 6,680 |
Other creditors | | | 4,579 | | | 3,307 |
Other taxes and social security | | | 2,011 | | | 3,403 |
Accruals | | | 14,814 | | | 21,123 |
| | | | | | |
Trade and other payables due within one year | | £ | 68,486 | | £ | 77,980 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Amounts due in more than one year | | | | | | |
Other creditors | | £ | — | | £ | 647 |
| | | | | | |
Total amounts due | | £ | 68,486 | | £ | 78,627 |
| | | | | | |
The amounts owed to Group Companies are non interest bearing.
17. Provisions
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dilapidations | | | Restructuring | | | Total | |
| | (in thousands) | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | 4,946 | | | £ | 11,411 | | | £ | 16,357 | |
Charged to the income statement | | | 196 | | | | 578 | | | | 774 | |
Adjustments for unwind of discount | | | 130 | | | | 359 | | | | 489 | |
Utilized in year | | | — | | | | (3,037 | ) | | | (3,037 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | 5,272 | | | | 9,311 | | | | 14,583 | |
Charged to the income statement | | | 159 | | | | 1,945 | | | | 2,104 | |
Adjustments for unwind of discount | | | 99 | | | | 320 | | | | 419 | |
Change in estimated liability | | | (4,727 | ) | | | — | | | | (4,727 | ) |
Utilized in year | | | — | | | | (3,870 | ) | | | (3,870 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 803 | | | £ | 7,706 | | | £ | 8,509 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Due in less than one year | | | — | | | | 3,266 | | | | 3,266 | |
Due in more than one year | | | 803 | | | | 4,440 | | | | 5,243 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 803 | | | £ | 7,706 | | | £ | 8,509 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dilapidations
The dilapidations provision is the estimated costs required to return leased properties to their original state in accordance with the respective third party lease agreements based on the estimated present value of the obligation utilizing an appropriate discount rate. The Company has entered into various property leases that primarily expire between 1 and 112 years from the balance sheet date.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company revised its estimated costs to return the leased properties to their original state. The change in estimated liability was £4.7 million and recorded as a reduction of the dilapidations provision and property, plant and equipment, net.
F-28
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Restructuring
The restructuring provision comprises the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Restructuring | | | Facility closings | | | Total restructuring | |
| | (in thousands) | |
At January 1, 2005 | | £ | — | | | £ | 11,411 | | | £ | 11,411 | |
Charged to the income statement | | | — | | | | 578 | | | | 578 | |
Adjustments for unwind of discount | | | — | | | | 359 | | | | 359 | |
Utilized in year | | | — | | | | (3,037 | ) | | | (3,037 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2005 | | | — | | | | 9,311 | | | | 9,311 | |
Charged to the income statement | | | 1,558 | | | | 387 | | | | 1,945 | |
Adjustments for unwind of discount | | | — | | | | 320 | | | | 320 | |
Utilized in year | | | (1,162 | ) | | | (2,708 | ) | | | (3,870 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2006 | | £ | 396 | | | £ | 7,310 | | | £ | 7,706 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
In 2006, the Company adopted a restructuring plan as a result of the Fibernet acquisition which terminates redundant Fibernet employees and terminates or restructures certain Fibernet facility lease agreements. The Company recognized £1.6 million and £0.1 million restructuring charges within administrative expenses relating to Fibernet redundancies and facility closings, respectively. It is anticipated that payment in respect of employee separations and facilities consolidation will continue through 2007.
In 2002, as a result of the slowdown in the telecommunications industry, the Company’s Board of Directors approved restructuring plans which resulted in a significant consolidation of offices and other real estate facilities. As a result of these initiatives, the Company vacated approximately 129,000 and 11,000 square feet of space during the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 and recorded provisions for continuing building lease obligations and estimated broker commissions, offset by anticipated third party sublease payments. Also, during 2003 the Company reassessed the adequacy of the restructuring provision and determined the restructuring provision had to be increased due to the weak market for subletting space. However, in the fourth quarter of 2004, the market for subleasing space had improved leading to a reduction in the restructuring provision. During the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company increased its restructuring provision for facility closings by £0.6 million and £0.4 million, respectively, due to changes in estimated sublease income and operating expenses related to restructured facilities. Payments due for facility closings are expected to be made over the life of the associated lease agreements, which terminate between the years 2009 and 2021.
This discounted facilities closures provision is composed of continuing building lease obligations and broker commissions for the restructured sites (an aggregate of £36.7 million as of December 31, 2006), offset by the discounted anticipated receipts from existing and future third-party subleases. As of December 31, 2006, anticipated third-party sublease receipts were £29.4 million, representing £21.7 million from subleases already entered into and £7.7 million for subleases projected to be entered into in the future. The Company continues to review the anticipated costs and third-party sublease payments on a quarterly basis and records adjustments for changes in these estimates in the period such changes become known.
18. Derivatives and other financial instruments
Treasury policy and risk management
The Company’s treasury management is conducted primarily by GCL on behalf of Group Companies. GCL is responsible for raising finance for operations, together with associated liquidity management, and the management of foreign exchange and interest rate risk. Treasury operations are conducted within a framework of policies and guidelines authorized and reviewed by the GCL Audit Committee, which receives regular updates of treasury activity. Financial instruments are entered into for risk management purposes only. It is the GC Group’s policy that all hedging is to cover known risks and that no trading in financial instruments is undertaken.
Interest rate management
The Company has financial exposures to interest rates, arising primarily from finance leases and the Senior Secured Notes. These exposures are primarily managed by borrowing at fixed rates of interest. At December 31,
F-29
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
2005 and 2006, the Company’s borrowings, excluding finance leases, are at fixed rates of interest. During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company entered into a cross currency interest rate swap (described below) which has swapped the 10.75% US dollar interest rate to a 11.65% pound sterling rate at an exchange rate of £1 to $1.945 for interest payments due between June 2005 and June 2010 on the US dollar-denominated Senior Secured Notes. The majority of the swap was set to generally match the non-call period of the Notes.
The Company’s finance leases incur interest based on the rates inherent in the finance lease agreement.
Foreign exchange management
The Company operates primarily in the UK, more than 95% of its revenue and 90% of its operating costs are denominated in pounds sterling. In addition, substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities, excluding obligations to other Group companies and third party financing, are denominated in pounds sterling. At December 31, 2005 and 2006, the split of aggregate borrowings, including finance leases, into their core currencies was US dollar 47% and 34% respectively and pounds sterling 53% and 66% respectively.
The Company assesses its currency exchange exposure and enters into financial instruments, as it believes necessary, to manage risk. At December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company had US dollar denominated debt of $200 million (or £116.0 million) and $200 million (or £101.9 million), respectively, on which it must pay interest on a semi annual basis. In 2004, the Company entered a five year cross currency interest rate swap to minimize exposure of any US dollars to pounds sterling currency conversion for the interest payments due on the US dollar-denominated Senior Secured Notes. This cross currency interest rate swap converts the US dollars to pounds sterling at a rate of £1 to $1.945 and swaps the interest rate on the associated payments from 10.75% to 11.65%. The notional value of the cross currency swap is equal to the US Dollar principal.
On April 12, 2006, the Company entered into an intercompany credit agreement (the “credit agreement”). As at December 31, 2006, there were loans of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) due from Group Companies (see note 27).
The Company has not entered into any currency swap agreements for the balance of the principal amount of the US dollar denominated debt.
In the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company recognized a foreign currency loss of £13.3 million and, in the year ended December 31, 2006, a foreign currency gain of £12.6 million, on liabilities denominated in other currencies.
Interest rate risks
The interest rate profile of the Company’s long term debt, including finance leases is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | |
| | Within 1 year | | 1-2 years | | 2-3 years | | 3-4 years | | 4-5 years | | Greater than 5 years | | Total | | Weighted average interest rate | |
| | (in thousands) | | | |
10.75% US dollar senior secured notes | | £ | 7,361 | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | 102,697 | | £ | 110,058 | | 11.20 | % |
11.75% Pounds sterling senior secured notes | | | 6,636 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 92,400 | | | 99,036 | | 11.75 | % |
Obligation under hire purchase and finance lease contracts | | | 6,681 | | | 4,968 | | | 4,450 | | | 3,340 | | | 2,500 | | | 8,403 | | | 30,342 | | 9.24 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 20,678 | | £ | 4,968 | | £ | 4,450 | | £ | 3,340 | | £ | 2,500 | | £ | 203,500 | | £ | 239,436 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-30
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Within 1 year | | 1-2 years | | 2-3 years | | 3-4 years | | 4-5 years | | Greater than 5 years | | Total | | Weighted average interest rate | |
| | (in thousands) | | | |
10.75% US dollar senior secured notes | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | 96,601 | | £ | 96,601 | | 11.10 | % |
11.75% Pounds sterling senior secured notes | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 153,030 | | | 153,030 | | 11.75 | % |
Obligation under hire purchase and finance lease contracts | | | 9,214 | | | 7,431 | | | 5,066 | | | 1,686 | | | 2,483 | | | 6,543 | | | 32,423 | | 9.20 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 9,214 | | £ | 7,431 | | £ | 5,066 | | £ | 1,686 | | £ | 2,483 | | £ | 256,174 | | £ | 282,054 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Further details of the interest rates on long term borrowings are given in note 19.
The Company’s finance leases incur interest at an average floating rate of 9.2% which is inherent in the finance lease agreements (see note 15).
Currency risks
The Company’s currency exposures, after hedging, give rise to the net currency gains and losses recognized in the consolidated profit and loss accounts. Such exposures comprise the net monetary assets and liabilities of the Company that are not denominated in the functional currency of the entity involved and principally consist of the US dollar-denominated Senior Secured Notes. The following table presents the exposure of net foreign currency monetary assets / (liabilities).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | | | December 31, 2006 | |
| | US Dollars | | | Euros | | Total | | | US Dollars | | | Euros | | | Total | |
| | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | |
Functional currency of the company | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pounds sterling | | £ | (129,504 | ) | | £ | 499 | | £ | (129,005 | ) | | £ | (76,737 | ) | | £ | (270 | ) | | £ | (77,007 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company uses a cross currency interest rate swap to manage its exposure to interest rate movements on its bank borrowings.
The fair value of the swap entered into is estimated to be a liability of £2.7 million at December 31, 2006 (2005: an asset of £1.7 million). These amounts are based on market values of equivalent instruments at the balance sheet date.
The cross currency interest rate swap is designated as an effective cash flow hedge. Therefore, a portion of the movement in the fair value of the swap has been deferred in equity.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2005 | | December 31, 2006 | |
| | Assets | | Liabilities | | Assets | | Liabilities | |
| | (in thousands) | | (in thousands) | |
Cross currency interest rate swap | | £ | 1,660 | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | (2,683 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 1,660 | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | (2,683 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Analyzed as: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non current | | £ | 1,245 | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | (1,789 | ) |
Current | | | 415 | | | — | | | — | | | (894 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | £ | 1,660 | | £ | — | | £ | — | | £ | (2,683 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-31
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Fair values
Set out below is a comparison by category of carrying amounts and fair values of all the Company’s financial instruments, that are carried in the financial statements.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Carrying amount | | | Fair value | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Financial assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trade and other receivables due in greater than one year | | £ | 3,669 | | | £ | 33,130 | | | £ | 3,537 | | | £ | 33,130 | |
Trade and other receivables due in less than one year | | | 59,954 | | | | 59,182 | | | | 59,954 | | | | 59,182 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 44,847 | | | | 40,309 | | | | 44,847 | | | | 40,309 | |
| | | | |
Financial liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest bearing loans and borrowings | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
—Senior Secured Notes | | | (209,094 | ) | | | (249,631 | ) | | | (205,441 | ) | | | (279,890 | ) |
—Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts (due in less than one year) | | | (6,681 | ) | | | (9,214 | ) | | | (6,681 | ) | | | (9,214 | ) |
| | | | |
Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts (due in greater than one year) | | | (23,661 | ) | | | (23,209 | ) | | | (23,661 | ) | | | (23,209 | ) |
| | | | |
Cross currency interest rate swap | | | 1,660 | | | | (2,683 | ) | | | 1,660 | | | | (2,683 | ) |
Trade and other payables due in greater than one year | | | — | | | | (647 | ) | | | — | | | | (601 | ) |
Trade and other payables due in less than one year | | | (68,486 | ) | | | (77,980 | ) | | | (68,486 | ) | | | (77,980 | ) |
The fair values of trade and other receivables due in greater than one year and trade and other payables due in greater than one year have been obtained by discounting the asset at the risk adjusted discount rate.
Market values have been used to determine the fair value of the Senior Secured Notes.
The fair value of obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts has been obtained by discounting the expected future cash flows at the prevailing interest rates. This approach was also taken in determining the fair value of the cross currency interest rate swap.
Given the short term duration of trade and other receivables due in less than one year, cash and cash equivalents, and trade and other payables due in less than one year, the fair value approximates the carrying value in each instance.
F-32
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
19. Financial assets and liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities, as of the balance sheet dates, were made up as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Financial assets | | | | | | |
Cross currency interest rate swap: | | | | | | |
Due in less than one year | | £ 415 | | | £ — | |
Due in greater than one year | | 1,245 | | | — | |
Trade and other receivables: | | | | | | |
Due in less than one year | | 59,954 | | | 59,182 | |
Due in greater than one year | | 3,669 | | | 33,130 | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | 44,847 | | | 40,309 | |
| | | | | | |
| | 110,130 | | | 132,621 | |
| | | | | | |
Financial liabilities | | | | | | |
10.75% US Dollar senior secured notes, due 2014, net of unamortized discount of £1.2 million and deferred financing costs of £4.1 million (2005: £1.4 million and £4.6 million respectively) | | £(102,697 | ) | | £(96,601 | ) |
11.75% Pound Sterling senior secured notes, due 2014, net of unamortized discount of £1.2 million, unamortized premium of £4.8 million and deferred financing costs of £7.6 million (2005: £1.3 million and £4.6 million respectively) | | (92,400 | ) | | (153,030 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | (195,097 | ) | | (249,631 | ) |
Cross currency interest rate swap | | — | | | (1,789 | ) |
Trade and other payables due in greater than one year | | — | | | (647 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Due in greater than one year | | £(195,097 | ) | | £(252,067 | ) |
| | | | | | |
10.75% US Dollar senior secured notes | | (7,361 | ) | | — | |
11.75% Pound Sterling senior secured notes | | (6,636 | ) | | — | |
Cross currency interest rate swap | | — | | | (894 | ) |
Trade and other payables due in greater than one year | | (68,486 | ) | | (77,980 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Due in less than one year | | £(82,483 | ) | | £(78,874 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Senior Secured Notes
On December 23, 2004, GC Finance issued $200.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 10.75% US dollar-denominated senior secured notes (“US dollar Senior Secured Notes”) and £105.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 11.75% pound sterling-denominated senior secured notes (collectively, “Initial Notes”). The Initial Notes were issued at a discount of approximately £3.0 million. The Initial Notes mature on the tenth anniversary of their issuance.
On December 28, 2006, GC Finance completed its offering of the Additional Notes. The £52.0 million aggregate principal amount of Additional Notes was priced at 109.25 percent of par value and the issue raised £56.8 million in gross proceeds. The Additional Notes were issued under the Indenture, dated as of December 23, 2004, pursuant to which GC Finance previously issued the Initial Notes. The proceeds from the Additional Notes were used to refinance the Fibernet acquisition (see note 4).
Interest is payable in cash semi-annually on June 15 and December 15. The discount, premium and fees associated with the issuance of the Notes are amortized over the term of the Notes using the effective interest method.
The Notes are senior obligations of GC Finance and rank equal in right of payment with all of its future debt. GCUK and Fibernet (“Guarantor”) have guaranteed the Notes as a senior obligation ranking in equal right
F-33
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
of payment with all of their existing and future debt. The Notes are secured by certain assets of the Guarantors, including the capital stock of GC Finance.
GC Finance may redeem the Notes in whole or in part, at any time on or after December 15, 2009, at redemption prices decreasing from 105.375% (for the US dollar-denominated Notes) or 105.875% (for the pound sterling-denominated Notes) in 2009 to 100% of their principal amount in 2012 and thereafter. At any time before December 15, 2009, GC Finance may redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole or in part, by paying a “make-whole” premium, calculated in accordance with the Indenture. GC Finance may also redeem up to 35% of the principal amount of either series of Notes before December 15, 2007 using the proceeds of certain equity offerings. GC Finance may also redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole or in part, upon certain changes in tax laws and regulations.
The Notes were issued under an Indenture, which includes covenants and events of default that are customary for high-yield senior note issuances. The Indenture limits the Company and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, (ii) pay dividends or make other distributions to repurchase or redeem its stock, (iii) make investments of other restricted payments, (iv) create liens, (v) enter into certain transactions with affiliates, (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the ability of its material subsidiaries to pay dividends, and (vii) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets.
Within 120 days after the period beginning December 23, 2004 and ending December 31, 2005 and for each 12-month period thereafter, GCUK must offer to purchase a portion of the Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the purchase date, with 50% of Designated Cash Flow (as defined in the Indenture) from that period (“Annual Repurchase Offer”). Designated Cash Flow means the Company’s consolidated net income plus non-cash charges minus capital expenditures, calculated in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. On April 18, 2006, the Company commenced its Annual Repurchase Offer for the period December 23, 2004 to December 31, 2005 and offered to repurchase approximately £14 million of the Notes. In respect of the 2006 Annual Repurchase Offer, we will not offer to purchase any of the Notes as a result of not meeting the stipulated cash flow requirement.
A loan or dividend by the Company to GCL and its affiliates is a restricted payment under the Indenture. Under the Indenture such a payment (i) may be made only if the Company is not then in default under the Indenture and would be permitted at that time to incur additional indebtedness under the applicable debt incurrence test; (ii) may generally be made only within ten business days of consummation of each Annual Repurchase Offer; and (iii) would generally be limited to 50% of the Company’s Designated Cash Flow plus the portion, if any, of the applicable Annual Repurchase Offer that the holders of the Notes decline to accept. In addition so long as the Company is not then in default under the Indenture, it may make up to £10.0 million in the aggregate in restricted payments in excess of 50% of Designated Cash Flow for a given period; provided that any such excess payments shall reduce the amount of restricted payments permitted to be paid out of future Designated Excess Cash Flow. Under our parent’s convertible notes indenture, loans from the Company to GCL or GCL’s other subsidiaries must be subordinated to the payment of obligations under our parent’s convertible notes. The terms of any inter-company loan by the Company to GCL or GCL’s other subsidiaries are required by the Indenture to be at arm’s length and must be agreed to by the Company’s Board of Directors, including its independent members. In the exercise of their fiduciary duties, the Company’s directors will require the Company to maintain a minimum cash balance in an amount they deem prudent.
The Issuer may also redeem either or both series of Notes, in whole, but not in part, at a price equal to their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and certain additional amounts, if any. If we undergo specific kinds of changes in control, we or the Issuer must offer to repurchase the Notes at a redemption price equal to 101% of the principal amount. The Notes may also be called at par by STT Communications Ltd (or one of its affiliates) for so long as it together with its affiliates holds not less than 50% of the then outstanding principal amount of our parent’s mandatory convertible notes at any time in the event of certain payment events of default or post acceleration and in the case of certain enforcement events.
F-34
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Under the Indenture we are required to complete an exchange offer within 300 days following the issuance of the Additional Notes:
In the event that:
| • | | within 210 days after the issue date of the Additional Notes offered hereby, neither an exchange offer registration statement nor a shelf registration statement has been submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”); |
| • | | within 270 days after the issue date of the Additional Notes offered hereby, the exchange offer registration statement has not been declared effective; |
| • | | within 300 days after the issue date of the Additional Notes offered hereby, neither the registered exchange offer has been consummated nor the shelf registration statement has been declared effective; or |
| • | | after either the exchange offer registration statement or the shelf registration statement has been declared effective, such registration statement thereafter ceases to be effective or usable (subject to certain exceptions) in connection with resales of Additional Notes or exchange notes in accordance with and during the periods specified in the registration rights agreement (each such event a “registration default”) additional interest will accrue on the Notes and the exchange notes (in addition to the stated interest on the Additional Notes and the exchange notes) from and including the date on which any such registration default has occurred to but excluding the date on which all registration defaults have been cured. Additional interest will accrue at a rate of 0.50% per annum during the 90-day period immediately following the occurrence of any registration default and will increase by 0.25% per annum at the end of each subsequent 90-day period, but in no event will such rate exceed 1.50% per annum in the aggregate regardless of the number of registration defaults. |
Management of the Company expects to complete the registration and exchange offer on or before the dates specified above. However, in the event of registration default, the maximum possible interest payable in the period from July 27, 2007 to December 15, 2014 (the maturity date of the Additional Notes), would be £5.4 million.
20. Equity share capital
| | | | | | |
| | December 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Authorized: | | | | | | |
2,000,000 ordinary shares of £1 each | | £ | 2,000 | | £ | 2,000 |
| | | | | | |
Called up,allotted and fully paid: | | | | | | |
101,000 ordinary shares of £1 each | | £ | 101 | | £ | 101 |
| | | | | | |
The Company has one class of ordinary shares which carry no right to fixed income.
F-35
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
21. Notes to the cash flow statement
Supplemental cash flow statement information
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | At January 1, 2005 | | | Cash flows | | | Other changes | | | At December 31, 2005 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | £ | 21,193 | | | £ | 23,654 | | | £ | — | | | £ | 44,847 | |
Finance leases | | | (39,615 | ) | | | 6,130 | | | | 3,143 | | | | (30,342 | ) |
Senior Secured Notes | | | (195,335 | ) | | | — | | | | (13,759 | ) | | | (209,094 | ) |
| | | | |
| | At January 1, 2006 | | | Cash flows | | | Other changes | | | At December 31, 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | £ | 44,847 | | | £ | (4,538 | ) | | £ | — | | | £ | 40,309 | |
Loans to group companies, net | | | — | | | | 27,721 | | | | 1,550 | | | | 29,271 | |
Finance leases | | | (30,342 | ) | | | 5,421 | | | | (7,502 | ) | | | (32,423 | ) |
Senior Secured Notes | | | (209,094 | ) | | | (55,394 | ) | | | 14,857 | | | | (249,631 | ) |
22. Operating lease commitments
The Company as lessor
At the balance sheet date, the Company had contracted with tenants for the following future minimum lease payments:
| | | |
| | December 31, 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Within 1 year | | £ | 3,199 |
In the second to fifth years inclusive | | | 10,874 |
After 5 years | | | 6,521 |
| | | |
| | £ | 20,594 |
| | | |
Included within property rental income earned during the year ended December 31, 2006 was £2.8 million (2005: £2.9 million) from Group Companies (see Note 27). All of the properties have committed tenants for the next one to fifteen years.
The Company as lessee
The Company has entered into commercial leases on certain property, motor vehicles and equipment. These leases have an average life of between 1 and 113 years, with renewal options contained within some contracts.
The Company incurs lease costs on a property in London, although GC Pan European Crossing Networks B.V (“GC PEC Networks”) and GC Pan European Crossing UK Ltd. (“GC PEC UK”) are contractually liable for these. The directors confirm that, as the buildings beneficiary, it is the Company’s intention to continue to meet all contractual costs on this property on behalf of GC PEC UK and GC PEC Networks and, accordingly, the commitment has been treated in these accounts as if it was the Company’s lease. Any lease income associated with this property is treated as income by GCUK.
F-36
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table presents a schedule of future minimum commitments under non-cancellable operating leases as of December 31, 2006.
| | | |
| | December 31, 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Within 1 year | | £ | 18,131 |
Between 1 to 2 years | | | 15,979 |
Between 2 to 3 years | | | 11,772 |
Between 3 to 4 years | | | 9,900 |
Between 4 and 5 years | | | 8,126 |
Greater than 5 years | | | 47,422 |
| | | |
Total minimum lease payments | | £ | 111,330 |
| | | |
23. Purchase commitments
The Company has purchase commitments with third party access vendors that require it to make payments to purchase network services and capacity through 2008. Some of these access commitments require the Company to maintain minimum monthly and/or annual billings, in certain cases based on usage. In addition, the Company has purchase commitments with third parties that require it to make payments for operations, administration and maintenance services for certain portions of its network through 2027. Further, the Company has purchase commitments with other vendors, including £13.0 million of committed, future capital expenditure which are expected to be fulfilled within one year.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Less than 1 year | | 1 - 3 years | | 3 - 5 years | | More than 5 years | | Total |
| | | | |
| | (in thousands) |
Cost of access service | | £ | 23,036 | | £ | 26,443 | | £ | 6,316 | | £ | 1,743 | | £ | 57,538 |
Third-party maintenance services | | | 14,229 | | | 7,971 | | | 422 | | | 1,624 | | | 24,246 |
Other purchase commitments | | | 18,507 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 18,507 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | £ | 55,772 | | £ | 34,414 | | £ | 6,738 | | £ | 3,367 | | £ | 100,291 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
24. Share based payments
The Company recognized total expenses of £1.1 million, £2.1 million and £0.2 million related to equity-settled share-based payment transactions in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. Equity-settled share-based payment transactions relate to share-based awards granted under the Global Crossing Limited 2003 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and reflect awards outstanding during such period, including awards granted both prior to and during such period. Under the Plan, GCL is authorized to issue up to 8,378,261 common shares of GCL, shared amongst any employee, director or consultant who is selected to participate in the plan. Certain employees of the Company are eligible to receive share-based payments under the Plan.
F-37
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Equity-settled share option plan
Stock options issued under the Plan are exercisable over a ten year period, vest over a three year period and have an exercise price of between $10.16 and $15.39 per share.
Information regarding options granted in the current and previous years is summarized below.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | Options | | | Weighted average exercise price | | Options | | | Weighted average exercise price |
Outstanding at beginning of period | | 54,000 | | | $ | 11.32 | | 50,666 | | | $ | 11.40 |
Granted during the period | | — | | | | — | | — | | | | — |
Exercised during the period | | (3,334 | ) | | | 10.16 | | (19,999 | ) | | | 10.68 |
Cancelled during the period | | — | | | | — | | (22,000 | ) | | | 11.27 |
Forfeited during the period | | — | | | | — | | — | | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at the end of the period | | 50,666 | | | $ | 11.40 | | 8,667 | | | $ | 13.38 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at end of period | | 28,667 | | | | | | 6,666 | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The options outstanding at December 31, 2006 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 7.6 years.
There were no stock options granted in either 2005 or 2006, therefore there are no associated inputs in the Black-Scholes model.
Restricted stock units
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company awarded 17,500 restricted stock units to employees, officers and members of the Board of Directors under the 2003 Global Crossing Stock Incentive Plan. The restricted stock units vest and convert into common shares of GCL over a period between one and five years, with higher seniority employees having five year vesting periods. Granted but unvested units are forfeited upon termination of employment.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company’s employees were awarded 12,100 restricted stock units under the Plan. The restricted stock units vest and convert into common shares of GCL on June 14, 2008, and are subject to continued employment through the vesting date and subject to earlier pro-rata payout in the event of death or long-term disability.
The following table summarizes restricted stock units granted, forfeited and cancelled for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006:
| | | | | | |
| | Number of restricted stock units | | | Weighted average issue price |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | 95,000 | | | | — |
Granted | | 17,500 | | | $ | 16.02 |
Vested | | (43,170 | ) | | | — |
Cancelled / forfeited | | (4,900 | ) | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | 64,430 | | | | — |
Granted | | 12,100 | | | $ | 17.23 |
Vested | | (43,394 | ) | | | — |
Cancelled / forfeited | | (13,336 | ) | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | 19,800 | | | | — |
| | | | | | |
F-38
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Performance share awards
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company’s employees were awarded 14,500 performance share opportunities under the Plan. The performance share opportunities vest and convert into common shares of GCL on December 31, 2008, and are subject to continued employment through the vesting date and subject to earlier pro-rata payout in the event of death or long-term disability. Each performance share grantee will earn (i) 50% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the threshold financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved, (ii) 100% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the target financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved and (iii) 150% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the maximum financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or exceeded. No payout will be made for performance below threshold. The total performance share opportunity of each participant in this program comprises three separate award opportunities based on measures of combined 2006 and 2007 earnings, cash use, and gross margin attributable to GCL’s enterprise, carrier data, and indirect channel segment. As of December 31, 2006, there were 22,272 performance shares to be awarded, assuming the financial performance goals are met.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company’s employees were awarded 20,700 performance share opportunities under the Plan. The total performance share opportunity of each participant in this program is comprised of three separate award opportunities based on measures of combined 2005 and 2006 earnings, cash use, and gross margin attributable to GCL’s enterprise, carrier data, and indirect channel segment. No shares were awarded under the plan as none of the financial performance goals were met.
Senior Leadership Performance Program
On November 19, 2004, the Board of Directors of GCL adopted the Senior Leadership Performance Program (the “Program”) at the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Program is a long-term incentive program intended to retain key executives and to motivate them to help the Company achieve its financial goals. The participants in the Program include all executive officers of the Company and a limited number of additional key executives (collectively, the ‘Participants’).
The Program creates for each participant an aggregate potential award under the Program (the “Maximum Award”), an amount equivalent to the Participants regular annual cash bonus target opportunity as of the date on which the Program was approved. The awards were to be granted if the Company achieved specified performance goals relating to earnings (the “EBITDA goal”) and / or cash flow (the “cash flow goal”). Specifically, each participant was entitled to receive (i) a bonus in the amount equal to 50% of such participant’s maximum award if the EBITDA goal is achieved by December 31, 2006 and / or (ii) a bonus in an amount equal to 50% of such participant’s maximum award if the cash flow goal is achieved by December 31, 2006. No shares were awarded under this program as none of the financial target thresholds were met.
Annual Bonus Program
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Board of Directors of GCL adopted the 2006 Annual Bonus Program (the “2006 Bonus Program”). The 2006 Bonus Program is an annual bonus applicable to substantially all employees of GCL, which is intended to retain such employees and to motivate them to help GCL achieve its financial goals. Each participant is provided a target award under the 2006 Bonus Program expressed as a percentage of base salary. Actual awards under the 2006 Bonus Program will be paid only if GCL achieves specified earnings and cash flow goals. Bonus payouts under the 2006 Bonus Program will be made half in cash and half in fully vested shares of common stock of GCL; provided that the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors retains discretion to use cash rather than shares as the Company sees fit. To the extent that commons shares are used for the payment of bonus awards, such shares shall be valued based on the closing price of the NASDAQ National Market on the date the financial results are certified by the Compensation Committee. At December 31, 2006, the Company’s annual bonus program accrual was £nil, as none of the financial target thresholds were met.
Under the 2005 Annual Bonus Program, there were 141,559 RSUs granted, of which 140,375 vested and 1,184 were cancelled for payment of tax.
F-39
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
25. Retirement benefit schemes
The Company’s employees participate in two occupational pension schemes;
| • | | the Global Crossing Pension scheme (the “Global Scheme”); and |
| • | | the Global Crossing Shared Cost Section of the Railways Pension Scheme (the “Railways Scheme”) |
The assets of these schemes are held separately from the Company in independently administered trusts. Contributions to the schemes in respect of the Company’s defined benefit obligations are charged to the consolidated income statements so as to spread the cost of the pensions over employees’ working lives with the Company. Pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 were £1.9 million and £2.2 million, respectively.
The Global Scheme
The Global Scheme is an occupational pension scheme with two sections. The defined contribution section is used to provide ongoing pension benefits for its employees. The defined benefit section provides for each employee who was a member of a Racal pension scheme at May 24, 2000, a benefit that represents the additional pension arising from pay increases over and above the statutory revaluation that is applied to benefits earned in the relevant Racal scheme prior to that date. No further defined benefit entitlements are being accrued.
The Company’s pension obligations are assessed by a qualified actuary on the basis of triennial valuations, with annual interim updates. The most recent formal valuation of the Global Scheme at March 31, 2004 was completed using the projected unit credit funding method. Calculations have been carried out by a qualified actuary for the purposes of estimating the Company’s pension charge for the year and the Global Schemes liabilities as of December 31, 2006.
The employer made annual contributions to the defined benefit section of the Global Scheme of £0.3 million and £0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 respectively.
The Global scheme also provides defined contribution benefits and the cost of the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 were £1.3 million and £1.1 million, respectively.
The Railways Scheme
The Company’s pension obligations are assessed by a qualified actuary on the basis of triennial valuations, with annual interim updates. The last full valuation of the Railways Scheme was carried out at December 31, 2004 using the projected unit method. This has been updated to December 31, 2006.
The costs of the scheme are paid 60% by the Company and 40% by the employees. The sharing of the cost in this manner has been recognized when determining the net pension asset (that is, a surplus attributable to employees has been identified) and the employer’s current service cost, the expected return on plan assets and interest on pension liabilities (these items are derived by taking 60% of the full charge).
The employer made annual contributions to the defined benefit section of £0.1 million and £0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
Recognition of gains and losses
The following disclosures are prepared on the basis that gains and losses are amortized over the expected future working life of employees.
F-40
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The key assumptions used in assessing the Company’s pension plans are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | | Global Scheme | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
Rates and assumptions used to calculate | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Defined Benefit Obligations (DBO) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average discount rate (year end) | | 4.75 | % | | 5.00 | % | | 4.75 | % | | 5.00 | % |
Rate of salary increase (year end) | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % |
Mortality assumptions: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current male/female pensioners at 65 (year end) | | 18/20 years | | | 19/21 years | | | 19/22 years | | | 22/25 years | |
Future male/female pensioners at 65 (year end) | | 18/20 years | | | 19/21 years | | | 20/23 years | | | 23/26 years | * |
Rates and assumptions used to calculate Net Benefit Cost (NBC) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average discount rate (start of year) | | 5.25 | % | | 4.75 | % | | 5.25 | % | | 4.75 | % |
Rate of salary increase (start of year) | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % | | 3.75 | % |
Expected return on plan assets (start of year) | | 7.50 | % | | 6.80 | % | | 6.00 | % | | 4.10 | % |
Mortality assumptions: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current male/female pensioners at 65 (start of year) | | 17/19 years | | | 18/20 years | | | 19/22 years | | | 19/22 years | |
Future male/female pensioners at 65 (start of year) | | 17/20 years | | | 18/20 years | | | 20/23 years | | | 20/23 years | |
* | For members aged 50 at the year end |
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets reflects the average earnings expected on the funds invested or to be invested to provide for the benefits included in the projected benefit obligation.
The following tables summarizes the components of net benefit expense recognized in the consolidated income statement within administrative expenses and the funded status and amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets for the respective plans.
Net benefit (credit)/expense recognized in the consolidated income statement
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | | Global Scheme | | | Total | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | |
| | | | | | |
Service cost | | £ | 275 | | | £ | 501 | | | £ | 374 | | | £ | 386 | | | £ | 649 | | | £ | 887 | |
Interest cost on benefit obligation | | | 820 | | | | 1,033 | | | | 347 | | | | 360 | | | | 1,167 | | | | 1,393 | |
Expected return on plan assets | | | (1,149 | ) | | | (1,241 | ) | | | (206 | ) | | | (164 | ) | | | (1,355 | ) | | | (1,405 | ) |
Net amortisation and deferral | | | — | | | | 65 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 65 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net benefit (credit)/expense | | £ | (54 | ) | | £ | 358 | | | £ | 515 | | | £ | 582 | | | £ | 461 | | | £ | 940 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit asset/(liability)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | | Global Scheme | | | Total | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | |
| | | | | | |
Funded status | | £ | (4,991 | ) | | £ | (5,114 | ) | | £ | (3,525 | ) | | £ | (4,734 | ) | | £ | (8,516 | ) | | £ | (9,848 | ) |
Funded status attributable to employees | | | 1,996 | | | | 2,046 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,996 | | | | 2,046 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net funded status attributable to employer | | | (2,995 | ) | | | (3,068 | ) | | | (3,525 | ) | | | (4,734 | ) | | | (6,520 | ) | | | (7,802 | ) |
Unrecognized net loss | | | 4,101 | | | | 3,990 | | | | 603 | | | | 1,926 | | | | 4,704 | | | | 5,916 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prepaid/(accrued) net benefit cost | | £ | 1,106 | | | £ | 922 | | | £ | (2,922 | ) | | £ | (2,808 | ) | | £ | (1,816 | ) | | £ | (1,886 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
F-41
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Changes in the present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | | Global Scheme | | | Total | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | | £ | 25,822 | | | £ | 35,761 | | | £ | 6,311 | | | £ | 7,265 | | | £ | 32,133 | | | £ | 43,026 | |
Service cost | | | 275 | | | | 501 | | | | 374 | | | | 386 | | | | 649 | | | | 887 | |
Interest cost | | | 820 | | | | 1,033 | | | | 347 | | | | 360 | | | | 1,167 | | | | 1,393 | |
Employee contributions | | | 88 | | | | 124 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 88 | | | | 124 | |
Actuarial loss | | | 8,906 | | | | 2,559 | | | | 384 | | | | 1,272 | | | | 9,290 | | | | 3,831 | |
Benefits paid | | | (697 | ) | | | (958 | ) | | | (151 | ) | | | (165 | ) | | | (848 | ) | | | (1,123 | ) |
Interest cost attributable to employees | | | 547 | | | | 689 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 547 | | | | 689 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Benefit obligation at end of year | | £ | 35,761 | | | £ | 39,709 | | | £ | 7,265 | | | £ | 9,118 | | | £ | 43,026 | | | £ | 48,827 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Changes in the fair value of plan assets are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | | Global Scheme | | | Total | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | | | (in thousands) | |
Fair value of plan assets at start of year | | £ | 25,784 | | | £ | 30,770 | | | £ | 3,325 | | | £ | 3,740 | | | £ | 29,109 | | | £ | 34,510 | |
Actual return on plan assets | | | 5,485 | | | | 4,485 | | | | 207 | | | | 113 | | | | 5,692 | | | | 4,598 | |
Employer contributions | | | 110 | | | | 174 | | | | 359 | | | | 696 | | | | 469 | | | | 870 | |
Employee contributions | | | 88 | | | | 124 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 88 | | | | 124 | |
Benefits paid | | | (697 | ) | | | (958 | ) | | | (151 | ) | | | (165 | ) | | | (848 | ) | | | (1,123 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | | £ | 30,770 | | | £ | 34,595 | | | £ | 3,740 | | | £ | 4,384 | | | £ | 34,510 | | | £ | 38,979 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Company expects to contribute £0.6 million to its defined benefit pension schemes in 2007.
The major categories of plan assets as a percentage of the fair value of the total plan assets are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Railways Scheme | | Global Scheme |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (%) | | (%) |
Fixed interest bonds | | 16 | | 15 | | 25 | | 100 |
Equities | | 70 | | 67 | | 63 | | — |
Property | | 10 | | 10 | | 9 | | — |
Other | | 4 | | 8 | | 3 | | — |
| | | | | | | | |
| | 100 | | 100 | | 100 | | 100 |
| | | | | | | | |
The overall expected rate of return on assets is determined based on market prices prevailing on that date, applicable to the period over which the obligation is to be settled.
The Railways Scheme represents approximately 89% of the total assets of the combined plans. The current planned asset allocation strategy was determined with regard to actuarial characteristics of each scheme. It is based on the assumption that equities will outperform bonds over the long term and is consistent with the overall objective of long-term capital growth. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets was calculated by the plan actuary and is based on historic returns of each asset class held by the plan at the beginning of the year.
F-42
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The following table summarizes expected benefit payments from the Company’s pension plans through 2016. Actual benefit payments may differ from expected benefit payments:
| | | |
| | (in thousands) |
2007 | | £ | 1,194 |
2008 | | | 1,237 |
2009 | | | 1,280 |
2010 | | | 1,339 |
2011 | | | 1,389 |
2012-2016 | | | 7,706 |
The amount included in the balance sheet arising from the Company’s obligations in respect of its defined benefit retirement benefit schemes is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Fair value of scheme assets | | £ | 34,510 | | | £ | 38,979 | |
Present value of defined benefit obligations | | | (43,026 | ) | | | (48,827 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Deficit in scheme | | | (8,516 | ) | | | (9,848 | ) |
Funded status attributable to employees | | | 1,996 | | | | 2,046 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deficit attributable to employer | | | (6,520 | ) | | | (7,802 | ) |
Unrecognized net losses | | | 4,704 | | | | 5,916 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net liability recognized in the balance sheet | | £ | (1,816 | ) | | £ | (1,886 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
This amount is presented in the balance sheet as follows: | | | | | | | | |
Non—current assets | | £ | 1,106 | | | £ | 922 | |
Non—current liabilities | | | (2,922 | ) | | | (2,808 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | £ | (1,816 | ) | | £ | (1,886 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Present value of defined benefit obligations | | £ | 32,133 | | | £ | 43,026 | | | £ | 48,827 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fair value of plan assets | | | 29,109 | | | | 34,510 | | | | 38,979 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deficit in the scheme | | £ | (3,024 | ) | | £ | (8,516 | ) | | £ | (9,848 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Experience losses on scheme liabilities | | £ | (850 | ) | | £ | (5,100 | ) | | £ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
26. Ultimate parent and controlling party
At December 31, 2006, the Company’s directors regarded Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited (“Temasek”), a company incorporated in the Republic of Singapore, as the ultimate parent company and ultimate controlling party. The largest group, which includes the Company and for which financial results are prepared is that headed by Temasek, whose registered office is 60B Orchard Road, #06-18, Tower 2, Singapore 238891.
The Company’s immediate parent is GC Bidco, a company registered in England and Wales. The consolidated financial statements of GC Bidco include the results of the Company and are available to the public from Companies House.
27. Related party transactions
Transactions between GCUK and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note.
F-43
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Transactions with Group Companies
The following presents a summary of the total (income for)/cost of services included in cost of sales and administrative expenses in the consolidated income statements for the periods indicated.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Recognition of deferred revenue | | £ | (500 | ) | | £ | (525 | ) |
Corporate services | | | 5,358 | | | | 8,024 | |
Shared resources | | | 909 | | | | 587 | |
Voice termination services | | | (4,016 | ) | | | (1,613 | ) |
Leased asset income | | | (2,890 | ) | | | (2,776 | ) |
Other transactions | | | 5 | | | | 199 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | £ | (1,134 | ) | | £ | 3,896 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The Company has a number of operating and financial relationships with GCL and other Group Companies. For example, the Company benefits from a broad range of corporate functions conducted by the GC Group, including senior management activities, human resources, corporate development and other functions and services. In addition, the Company has historically assisted the GC Group in terminating voice traffic within the UK while the GC Group assists the Company with terminating international voice traffic. In addition, the Company shares certain portions of its network with the GC Group, as well as certain personnel who may have functional responsibilities for both its business and GC Group’s European and global businesses. These functions and services are performed by various members of the GC Group and the costs are allocated using various methods.
The costs of these functions and services have historically been allocated on a basis that the GC Group believes is a reasonable reflection of the utilization of each service provided to, or the benefit received by, each of the Group Companies. The allocated costs, while reasonable, may not necessarily be indicative of the costs that would have been incurred by the Company if it had performed these functions or received these services as a stand-alone entity.
In connection with its recapitalization during 2004, the Company entered into a series of intercompany agreements with the GC Group that were effective as of October 1, 2004 to formally document the way in which these relationships are governed and formalize the method of payment for the services under these agreements. Fees for these services are generally estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any outstanding amounts. The intercompany agreements are substantially the same as those that have informally governed the relationship between the GC Group and the Company, with the exception of the payment terms. The Company’s Board of Directors approved the terms of each of the intercompany agreements. The intercompany agreements may be terminated (i) at the request of any party to such agreement with one year’s prior written notice or (ii) immediately in the event of a change of control under the Indenture or the maturity, redemption or defeasance of the Senior Secured Notes, in each case pursuant to the terms of the Indenture governing the Notes.
Recognition of deferred revenues
Under a signed Inland Service agreement dated April 8, 1998 the Company is obligated to provide UK backhaul telecommunication services to International Optics Network Limited (“ION”), a wholly owned subsidiary of GCL. The Company received upfront payment for these services. All of the revenue associated with the agreement have been deferred and are recognized over the life of the contract.
Corporate services
Corporate services include costs associated with operating expenses and administrative costs. The total costs of these functions and services are allotted to the Group Companies based on a worldwide allocation. The worldwide allocation is based on a pro rata allocation of revenue, net tangible assets, headcount, or a combination thereof, which varies for the type of costs being allocated. The factor applied to each type of cost is based on the factor(s) most closely aligned with that cost.
F-44
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Operating expenses include office and facilities costs, depreciation and amortization of certain shared assets, and network engineering all of which are charged based on a pro rata allocation of net tangible fixed assets. Administrative services include tax, finance and accounting, information systems, human resources, management, legal, administrative, risk management and charitable contributions. Costs for tax, finance and accounting, mergers and acquisition services, corporate development, product development, management, legal, administrative, and risk management services are charged based on the Company’s revenue relative to the other Group Companies. Information services and human resource costs are charged based on a pro rata allocation of headcount. Other administrative costs are allocated based on revenue or revenue and net tangible fixed assets. The total cost of the services included in administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement was £5.4 million and £8.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. The total actual cost of services related to the year ended December 31, 2005 was £6.9 million; however, a £3.0 million credit was also recorded during the year due to a reassessment of the costs recharged by the GC Group during the year ended December 31, 2004.
Shared resources
The Company provides Group Companies, on a non-exclusive basis, the use of certain of its assets, and the Group Companies provide the Company the use of certain of its assets, on a non-exclusive basis. Such assets include staffing and administrative assets, fiber, leased circuits, network equipment, racking space, real estate and such other assets as reasonably deemed necessary for the relevant network’s efficient operation. The parties to these intercompany shared resources agreements are charged based on (i) the market price for fiber, leased circuits, racking space, and network equipment; (ii) a pro rata allocation for staffing and administrative assets based on either a reasonable estimate of resources committed or a reasonable estimate of time spent of such services, plus a reasonable markup in accordance with the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administration of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; and (iii) the share of lease or carry costs based on a percentage of square meter usage for real estate. Fees for these services are estimated and paid quarterly, with an annual make-whole payment for any outstanding amounts. The net cost of the use of these assets included in administrative expenses in the consolidated income statement was £0.9 million and £0.6 million, for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively. In addition, the Company makes payments, primarily payroll, on behalf of a Group Company, and is reimbursed for these payments. These transactions have no impact on the consolidated income statement.
Voice termination services
The Company carries international voice traffic and terminates calls on behalf of certain Group Companies. These Group Companies provide the Company with similar services. The costs of these services are incurred by the company that carries the traffic or terminates the call, while the corresponding customer contract, and therefore revenue, is held by a different entity. The Company which incurs these costs charges a corresponding amount to the Group Company which holds the customer contract. The charges to GCE and GCT by the Company resulted in a reduction to the Company’s cost of sales of £4.0 million and £1.6 million during the years ended, December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
In addition, during the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company sold £nil and £nil, respectively, of capacity on its network to Group companies, which was recognized as revenue.
Operating lease income and non-monetary transactions
Effective December 31, 2004, the Company purchased £21.9 million of assets from GC Bidco, in exchange for 1,000 shares of the Company’s £1 par value ordinary shares. The assets were purchased at GC Bidco’s net book value and will be depreciated over the remaining useful lives. Such assets include fiber, network equipment, and certain computer software and hardware equipment. The Company leased the use of the purchased assets to other Group Companies in 2005 and this arrangement continued throughout 2006 (see note 5).
Other transactions
Tax sharing
The Company and the UK Group share tax losses as allowed by UK tax law. Under the tax sharing, losses can be utilized by any entity within the UK Group in the period in which they are generated.
F-45
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Prior to 2004, there was no formal arrangement in place that provided for compensation between the entities in relation to the losses obtained or forgiven. As a result, the entity which surrendered its tax loss was not compensated by the other UK Group company that benefited. During the year ended December 31, 2002, the Company surrendered tax benefits of £12.6 million to other UK Group Companies. During the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company received £0.3 million of tax benefits surrendered by other UK Group Companies. There was no accounting recognition of these transactions because the losses were not recorded due to uncertainty over the ability to utilize and because there was no compensation for losses surrendered.
The Company entered into a formal tax agreement with GCL, which was effective October 1, 2004, that established the basis of conduct for certain tax matters in the UK, including the surrender of tax losses and the reallocation of income or gains where permitted by UK tax law, between the Company and other Group Companies subject to tax in the UK. The claimant company will pay the surrendering company an amount equal to the amount surrendered multiplied by the average corporate tax rate for the period in which relief is deemed. There was no tax sharing during the years ended December 31, 2005. During the year ended December 31, 2006, £0.8 million of the groups tax losses available for surrender were utilized by GCUK.
Other
During the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company incurred, £2.2 million and £2.0 million, respectively, of lease costs for certain office space for which other members of the GC Group, specifically, GC PEC Networks and GC PEC UK are contractually liable (see note 22).
The debtor and creditor balances as a result of the aforementioned transactions with Group Companies are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
Debtor balances due from: | | | | | | |
Global Crossing Europe Ltd | | £ | — | | £ | 1,408 |
GT UK Ltd | | | 959 | | | — |
GC Pan European Crossing Ltd | | | 1,894 | | | 616 |
GC Pan European Crossing SA | | | 449 | | | 8 |
Geoconference UK Ltd | | | — | | | 724 |
GC Network O2 | | | 259 | | | — |
Global Crossing Ireland Ltd | | | 70 | | | — |
Global Crossing Services Europe Ltd | | | 854 | | | 2,544 |
Other Group Companies | | | 41 | | | 588 |
| | | | | | |
| | £ | 4,526 | | £ | 5,888 |
| | | | | | |
Creditor balances due to: | | | | | | |
Global Crossing Development Co | | £ | 2,063 | | £ | 5,278 |
Geoconference UK Ltd | | | 186 | | | — |
Global Crossing Holdings Ltd | | | 1,160 | | | — |
Global Crossing Services Europe Ltd | | | 148 | | | — |
Global Crossing Network Centre Limited | | | 240 | | | — |
Global Crossing Europe Ltd | | | 2,136 | | | — |
Global Crossing Ireland Ltd | | | 547 | | | 18 |
Global Crossing Telecommunications Inc | | | — | | | 694 |
Other Group Companies | | | 224 | | | 690 |
| | | | | | |
| | £ | 6,704 | | £ | 6,680 |
| | | | | | |
Loans from and to Group Companies
The Company has not historically made significant loans to Group Companies. Under the terms of the indenture governing the convertible notes of GCL, loans from the Company made to GCL or another Group Company must be subordinated to the payment of obligations under GCL’s convertible notes. The terms of
F-46
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
any intercompany loan by the Company to GCL or another Group Company must be agreed by the Board of Directors of the Company.
There were no loans due to or from Group Companies at December 31, 2005. On April 12, 2006, the Company entered into an intercompany credit agreement (the “credit agreement”). As at December 31, 2006, there were loans of US$50.4 million (equivalent to £25.7 million as at December 31, 2006) due from Group Companies. The terms of the credit agreement include a parent guarantee from GCL. The loan balances currently outstanding relate to loans made using (i) 50% of the designated cash flow, as permitted and defined under the Indenture and (ii) GCUK’s Eligible Excess Cash, defined in the Indenture as excess cash remaining after the consummation of the Annual Repurchase Offer, and have an effective interest rate of 13.5%. These loans mature five business days prior to the principal outstanding on the Senior Secured Notes. GCUK also made loans to other Group Companies of US$30.4 million in April 2006 which were repaid in May 2006. In the year ended December 31, 2006, total finance revenue of £0.4 million (being interest income of £2.4 million, less a foreign exchange loss of £2.0 million) has been recognized in finance revenue (see note 7) in respect of these loans. There were no loan balances due to Group Companies as at December 31, 2006.
Prior to the acquisition by GCUK, Fibernet Group transferred its German business operations to GCI, by way of a transfer of Fibernet Holdings Limited and its wholly owned subsidiary, Fibernet GmbH, to GCI, for consideration of £1 and the assumption, by GCI, of £3.6 million of debt outstanding to Fibernet (see notes 4 and 14).
Details of trading balances with Group Companies are shown above.
28. Contingent liabilities
UK Office of Fair Trading
In 2002, an investigation was commenced by the United Kingdom Office of Fair Trading (“OFT”) regarding an allegation that various subsea cable operator entities, including the Company, had engaged in an illegal agreement collectively to boycott a location within the UK as a location for the landing of subsea telecommunications cables. The Company responded to that investigation in 2002 denying the allegation.
In August 2003, the OFT extended its investigation in respect of allegations of price fixing and information sharing on the level of fees that the subsea entities would pay landowners for permission to land submarine telecommunication cables on their land in the UK. The Company responded to that investigation in October 2003, denying that it had engaged in any illegal activities. The Company cooperated fully with the investigation and has supplied additional factual materials including a number of formal witness statements. By a letter dated January 24, 2006, the OFT notified the Company that it had provisionally decided to close both investigations. In a letter dated June 23, 2006, the OFT formally notified the Company that it was terminating its investigation.
On July 20, 2006, two private companies served on the Company proceedings issued in the High Court of Justice against the Company and nine other defendants claiming violations identical to those investigated by the OFT. The Company does not believe the claims are meritorious and will be defending the claims vigorously. The same private companies subsequently initiated an appeal to the Competition Appeals Tribunal (“CAT”) in respect of the termination of the OFT investigation. On April 5, 2007, the CAT found in favour of the OFT and dismissed the appeal on the basis that the CAT had no jurisdiction under the Competition Act 1998 to hear the appeal.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company has been a party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of the Company’s directors there are currently no proceedings in respect of which there exists a reasonable possibility of adverse outcome that would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, consolidated income statements or consolidated cash flow statements.
29. Events after the balance sheet date
Equity Grants
On March 13, 2007, the Board of Directors of GCL approved a grant of awards under a special retention program to substantially all non-sales employees of the GC Group. The program is intended to retain and
F-47
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
motivate the GC Group employees. The award granted was 125,560 restricted stock units that vest over a period of twelve months from the date of grant.
In connection with the GC Group’s annual long-term incentive program for 2007, on March 13, 2007, the Company also awarded 9,600 restricted stock units to employees which vest on March 13, 2010 and 11,100 performance share opportunities to employees which vest on December 31, 2009, in each case subject to continued employment through the vesting date and subject to earlier pro-rata payout in the event of death or long-term disability. Each performance share grantee can earn (i) 50% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the threshold financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved, (ii) 100% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the target financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved or (iii) 150% of his or her target award for a given opportunity if the maximum financial performance goal for that opportunity is achieved. No payout will be made for performance below threshold, and the payout for performance above maximum is capped at 150% of the target opportunity. Actual payouts will be calculated using interpolation between threshold and target or target and maximum, as applicable. The total performance share opportunity of each participant in this program comprises three separate award opportunities based on measures of combined 2007 and 2008 earnings, cash use, and adjusted gross margin attributable to the Company’s enterprise, carrier data and indirect channel segment.
Loans to group companies
On April 11, 2007 the GCUK board of directors approved an additional US$15 million loan to be made to GCE during the second quarter of 2007. The loan will be made in accordance with the Indenture and under the same terms and conditions as relate to existing loans provided to GCE (see Item 7 “Major shareholders and Related Party Transactions”).
30. Reconciliation to United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the EU, which differs in certain material respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”). Such differences involve methods for measuring the amounts in the consolidated financial statements, as well as additional disclosures required by US GAAP. In addition certain other differences arise due to the transition provision in accordance with IFRS. The principal differences between IFRS and US GAAP applicable to the Company and Group are quantified and described below:
Reconciliation of net income (IFRS-US GAAP)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | | | (in thousands) | |
Profit reported under IFRS | | | | £ | 7,992 | | | £ | 13,451 | |
Push down of fresh start accounting: | | | | | | | | | | |
—Deferred income | | A | | | (4,498 | ) | | | (4,556 | ) |
Long term IRU agreements | | B | | | (366 | ) | | | (348 | ) |
Restructuring costs | | C | | | 1,802 | | | | (201 | ) |
Pensions | | D | | | 2 | | | | 12 | |
Dilapidation provisions | | E | | | 326 | | | | 61 | |
Share-based compensation | | F | | | (264 | ) | | | (136 | ) |
Income taxes | | G | | | (7,240 | ) | | | (2,436 | ) |
Purchase accounting—restructuring | | H | | | — | | | | 1,706 | |
Purchase accounting—goodwill | | H | | | — | | | | (1,748 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(Loss)/income reported under US GAAP | | | | £ | (2,246 | ) | | £ | 5,805 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
F-48
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Reconciliation of equity (IFRS-US GAAP)
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | | | (in thousands) | |
Equity reported under IFRS | | | | £ | (204,718 | ) | | £ | (195,574 | ) |
Push down of fresh start accounting: | | | | | | | | | | |
Reset equity | | A | | | 88,076 | | | | 88,076 | |
Deferred income | | A | | | (10,975 | ) | | | (15,531 | ) |
Amortization of intangibles | | A | | | (1,444 | ) | | | (1,444 | ) |
Long term IRU agreements | | B | | | (760 | ) | | | (1,108 | ) |
Restructuring costs | | C | | | 4,126 | | | | 3,925 | |
Pensions | | D | | | (22 | ) | | | (5,926 | ) |
Dilapidation provisions | | E | | | 319 | | | | 380 | |
Share-based compensation | | F | | | — | | | | — | |
Income taxes | | G | | | (8,905 | ) | | | (8,627 | ) |
Purchase accounting—restructuring | | H | | | — | | | | 1,706 | |
Purchase accounting—goodwill | | H | | | — | | | | (1,748 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Equity reported under US GAAP | | | | £ | (134,303 | ) | | £ | (135,871 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Reconciliation of changes in Equity in US GAAP
| | | | |
| | Total equity | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Balance at January 1, 2005 | | £ | (146,972 | ) |
Net loss for year ended December 31, 2005 | | | (2,246 | ) |
Reduction in reorganization reserve—deferred tax benefit | | | 8,256 | |
Unrealized gain on derivative financial instrument | | | 4,306 | |
Share-based compensation | | | 2,353 | |
| | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | (134,303 | ) |
Net profit for year ended December 31, 2006 | | | 5,805 | |
Reduction in reorganization reserve—deferred tax benefit | | | 2,714 | |
Movement in pension reserve on adoption of FAS 158 | | | (5,916 | ) |
Unrealized loss on derivative financial instrument | | | (4,524 | ) |
Share-based compensation | | | 353 | |
| | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | £ | (135,871 | ) |
| | | | |
Statement of other comprehensive income in US GAAP
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
(Loss)/profit reported under US GAAP | | £ | (2,246 | ) | | £ | 5,805 | |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | |
—Impact of adoption of FAS 158 | | | — | | | | (5,916 | ) |
—Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative financial instrument | | | 4,306 | | | | (4,524 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income/(loss) reported under US GAAP | | £ | 2,060 | | | £ | (4,635 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
A. Pushdown of GCL’s fresh start accounting
On December 9, 2003 (the “effective date”), GCL emerged from bankruptcy and implemented “fresh start” accounting and reporting in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position No. 90-7 “Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code “ (“SOP 90-7”).
F-49
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Fresh start accounting required GCL to allocate its reorganization value, which was determined pursuant to, among other things, the Plan of Reorganization and ST Telemedia’s equity investment for 61.5% ownership, to its respective assets and liabilities based upon their preliminary estimated fair values. An independent appraiser was engaged to assist in this allocation and in determining the fair market value of tangible and intangible assets.
Although the Company itself did not file for bankruptcy, it has recorded the push down of GCL’s fresh start accounting adjustments associated with the Company in accordance with the requirements of the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 54 “Application of ‘Push Down’ Basis of Accounting in Financial Statements of Subsidiaries Acquired by Purchaser”. Under fresh start reporting, an entity is deemed to be created for financial reporting purposes. References to the “Company” in respect of time periods prior to the effective date are references to the “Predecessor” entity whereas such references in respect of time periods commencing with the effective date are references to the “Successor” entity.
The remaining impacts of push down accounting, following the transition from UK GAAP to IFRS as of January 1, 2004 are in respect of deferred income, depreciation and amortization, and equity.
The adjustment to reflect deferred income at fair value results in a difference between IFRS and US GAAP. Under US GAAP and IFRS, prior to fresh start, there was deferred income related to long term IRU agreements and other customer contracts. Under US GAAP deferred revenue balances associated with IRU contracts for which cash was received prior to fresh start were written down. Under IFRS, revenue is recognized on these contracts since the fresh start date.
The adjustment in respect of depreciation and amortization arises through the creation, under US GAAP, of internally generated intangible fixed assets at fresh start. These assets were written down to £nil in 2004.
The adjustment to equity represents the reorganization value at the fresh start date, after having recorded assets and liabilities at fair value and clearing retained earnings to £nil.
B. Long term IRU agreements
The Company enters into long term IRU agreements with certain of its customers. Under IFRS, these agreements are recognized as revenue when (a) the purchaser’s right of use is exclusive and irrevocable, (b) the asset is specific and separable, (c) the term of the contract is for the majority of the asset’s useful life, (d) the attributable cost of carrying value can be measured reliably, and (e) no significant risks are retained by the Company. For agreements that do not meet these criteria, the revenue is deferred over the life of the agreement.
Under US GAAP, agreements entered into after the issuance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 43 in June 1999 are required to be accounted for as operating type leases, unless title is transferred to the lessee by the end of the lease term.
Based on the terms of these agreements, the Company has deferred income on all contracts entered into after June 1999 under both IFRS and US GAAP. Prior to June 1999, the revenue under US GAAP was recognized at the time the agreement was entered into with the customer, whereas under IFRS the revenue was deferred. This adjustment represents the difference for contracts entered into prior to June 1999.
The adjustment to the consolidated income statement consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Reversal of deferred income | | £ | (1,112 | ) | | £ | (1,094 | ) |
Reversal of depreciation of long term IRU assets | | | 365 | | | | 365 | |
Reversal of wayleave costs | | | 381 | | | | 381 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | £ | (366 | ) | | £ | (348 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
F-50
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The adjustment to Equity consists of the following cumulative differences:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Reversal of deferred income | | £ | (2,298 | ) | | £ | (3,392 | ) |
Long term IRU assets, net | | | 753 | | | | 1,118 | |
Establishment of wayleave accrual | | | 785 | | | | 1,166 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | £ | (760 | ) | | £ | (1,108 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
C. Restructuring costs, excluding those related to purchase accounting (see H below)
The Company implemented certain initiatives to restructure its operations (see note 17). The costs associated with these initiatives consist of severance costs and contractual obligations for which the company will receive no future economic benefit.
Under IFRS, the Company recognizes a liability once there is a present obligation, as a result of past events, which is probable (defined as more likely than not) and can be reliably estimated. For severance costs, this is when the Company has raised an expectation in those affected that it will carry out the restructuring and has in place a detailed formal plan. For property lease costs, this is when the Company vacates the property and thus demonstrated a commitment to the plan from which it cannot reasonably withdraw. These amounts are discounted based on a risk free rate.
Under US GAAP, the Company adopted SFAS 146 “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (“SFAS 146”) on January 1, 2003. Under provisions of SFAS 146 future services required to be rendered to receive the one-time benefit are considered in determining the timing of recognition of the provision. SFAS 146 also considers the distinction between early termination costs and continuing to be incurred without economic benefit in determining the recognition of costs associated with the termination of contracts. Application of SFAS 146 has resulted in differences in both the timing and amount of restructuring charges recognized under US GAAP as compared to IFRS.
D. Pension
Under IFRS, expected returns on plan assets are calculated using the actual cash flow returns as a basis, whereas under US GAAP expected returns on plan assets are calculated using estimated cash flows as a basis.
On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS 158 “Employers Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Post Retirement Plans” (“SFAS 158”). Under US GAAP, the Company is required to recognize in its balance sheet the funded status of its defined benefit post retirement plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the benefit obligations. SFAS 158 also requires an entity to recognize changes in the funded status within accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, to the extent such changes are not recognized in the income statement as a component of the net periodic pension cost.
Under IFRS, the Company has elected to adopt the corridor “approach” whereby actuarial gains and losses that exceed 10% of the greater of the present value of the Company’s defined benefit obligation and the fair value of the plan assets are amortized over the expected average remaining working lives of the participating employees.
The following table summarizes the effect of adopting SFAS 158.
| | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Net pension obligation recognised under IFRS | | £ | (1,886 | ) |
Adoption of FAS 158—Recognition of actuarial losses | | | (5,916 | ) |
| | | | |
Net under funded position and pension obligation recognised under US GAAP | | £ | (7,802 | ) |
| | | | |
F-51
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The Company has used the same key assumptions under both US GAAP and IFRS in assessing its pension plans
The accumulated benefit obligation of GCUK sponsored pension plans as at December 31, 2005 and 2006 was £35.8 million and £39.8 million, respectively.
E. Dilapidation provision
Under IFRS, a dilapidation provision is recorded to reflect the estimated net present value of costs required to return leased properties to their original state in accordance with the respective lease agreements using an appropriate risk free discount rate, whereas under US GAAP, the provision is recorded at fair value using a credit-adjusted risk-free rate.
F. Share based compensation
IFRS requires companies to estimate the value of stock awards with graded vesting by treating each vesting tranche as a separate award with separate vesting periods. Stock compensation cost is recognized over the vesting period of each separate tranche. Under US GAAP, the value of stock awards with graded vesting may be treated as a single award. If the award is valued as a single award, the stock compensation cost is recognized on a straight line basis over the vesting period.
Effective January 1, 2006, The Company adopted SFAS No. 123R, “Share Based Payment”, (“SFAS 123R”) using the modified prospective method. SFAS 123R requires all share-based awards granted to awards granted to employees to be recognized as a compensation expense over the service period (generally the vesting period) in the consolidated financial statements based on their fair values. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, stock based compensation was accounted for using SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” (“SFAS 123”), which the Company adopted on December 9, 2003. The fair value method under SFAS 123R is similar to the fair value method under SFAS 123 with respect to the measurement and recognition of stock-based compensation expense except that SFAS 123R requires an estimate of future forfeitures whereas SFAS 123 permitted recognizing the impact of forfeitures as they occur. As the Company estimated the impact of future forfeitures for the majority of its share-based payment plans upon adoption of SFAS 123, the impact on the Company’s consolidated income statement or balance sheet is not considered to be significant. SFAS 123R also requires the realization of tax benefits in excess of amounts recognized for financial reporting purposes to be recognized as a financing activity rather than an operating activity in the consolidated statement of cash flows. The impact on the Company’s consolidated cash flow statement is not considered to be significant.
G. Income taxes
The Company accounts for taxes in accordance with SFAS 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”) under US GAAP and in accordance with IAS 12 “Income Taxes” under International Accounting Standards. The impact of the differences between SFAS 109 and IAS 12 are described below.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities
Under US GAAP, deferred tax is computed on all temporary differences between the tax bases and book values of assets and liabilities which will result in taxable or tax deductible amounts arising in future years. Deferred taxes are measured at enacted rates.
Under IFRS, deferred tax is recognized for the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences and tax loss carry forwards. The rates used in calculating deferred tax are those rates that are enacted, or substantially enacted.
The Company provides for deferred taxation in respect of temporary differences, subject to certain exceptions, between the recognition of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and for tax purposes. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary difference and unused tax losses can be utilized.
F-52
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
The majority of the explanation for the differences between tax calculated under US GAAP and IFRS relates to temporary differences arising from fresh start accounting required under US GAAP, together with other US GAAP specific accounting adjustments.
At December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company has approximately £73.3 million and £72.9 million, respectively, of net deferred tax assets and liabilities under US GAAP prior to the valuation allowance. Included in these amounts are deferred tax assets on gross tax losses of £258.0 million and £309.0 million, respectively, which have an indefinite useful carry forward life. As a result of the existence of sufficient positive evidence as to the future realization of these assets, £12.7 million of these US GAAP assets were recognized, without a valuation allowance, as at December 31, 2005 with £4.5 million as at December 31, 2006.
The net deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Excess capital allowances | | £ | 9,420 | | | £ | 3,966 | |
Other short term temporary differences | | | 7,229 | | | | (824 | ) |
Tax losses carried forward | | | 78,878 | | | | 92,605 | |
Deferred taxes on US GAAP adjustments: | | | | | | | | |
—Long term IRU agreements | | | 228 | | | | 332 | |
—Pension | | | 7 | | | | 3 | |
—Restructuring costs | | | (2,100 | ) | | | (1,178 | ) |
—Push down of fresh start accounting | | | (20,286 | ) | | | (21,330 | ) |
—Dilapidations | | | (56 | ) | | | (114 | ) |
—Purchase accounting—restructuring | | | — | | | | (512 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 73,320 | | | | 72,948 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (60,648 | ) | | | (68,487 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset | | £ | 12,672 | | | £ | 4,461 | |
| | | | | | | | |
The IFRS tax benefit is as follows:
| | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, |
| | 2005 | | | 2006 |
| | (in thousands) |
UK Corporation tax on income / loss | | £ | 1,302 | | | £ | 601 |
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes | | | 418 | | | | 198 |
Change in valuation allowance | | | (4,197 | ) | | | 8,578 |
| | | | | | | |
| | £ | (2,477 | ) | | £ | 9,377 |
| | | | | | | |
Push down of GCL’s Fresh Start Accounting
Under US GAAP, in valuing the assets and liabilities of the Company as part of the fresh start accounting, the Company considered the fair values of the deferred tax assets and liabilities. Due to the Company’s history of losses and uncertainty of future taxable profits, the only deferred tax asset recognized in the opening balance sheet of the Successor entity was an amount equal to the tax losses carry forward of £1.1 million that was anticipated to be utilized against profits arising after the effective date through the end of the year. A full valuation allowance was recorded against the Company’s remaining net deferred tax assets.
Subsequent reductions in the amount of valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets existing as at the effective date will be recorded as a reduction in “reorganization value in excess of amounts allocable to identifiable assets and other intangibles” until exhausted. The remaining tax benefits are reported as a reduction to the reorganization reserve in equity shareholders’ deficit. During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company utilized net operating losses in existence at the effective date of £17.1 million and reduced the
F-53
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
valuation allowance on the remaining assets by £9.1 million. Under the push down of GCL’s fresh start accounting, £7.7 million tax benefit related to deferred tax assets existing at the effective date was credited against intangible assets, which reduced the intangible assets value to zero. The remaining £18.5 million was recorded as a reduction to the reorganization reserve in equity shareholders’ deficit.
H. Purchase accounting—Fibernet
Under IFRS an acquirer, when allocating the cost of a business combination, shall not recognize liabilities for future losses or other costs expected to be incurred as a result of the business combination. Under US GAAP, restructuring programs related to purchase business combinations are recorded in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force No. 95-3, “Recognition of Liabilities in Connection with a Purchase Business Combination” which requires costs associated with exit or disposal activities of the acquired company to be recognized as an acquired liability included in the allocation of the acquisition cost
In addition, under IFRS negative goodwill is recognized as income within operating profit, whereas under US GAAP negative goodwill is recorded as a reduction to certain long life assets and if there is any excess remaining after reducing the assets, that excess shall be recognized as an extraordinary gain.
Classification difference between IFRS and US GAAP
Consolidated income statement
There are classification differences between the Company reporting under IFRS and under US GAAP. Under IFRS, the Company has chosen to prepare its consolidated income statement based on the nature of the expense. Under US GAAP, the Company reports its consolidated income statement based on functional grouping of costs. These differences primarily relate to the following.
Cost of sales: Under IFRS, the Company presents cost of sales and gross profit. Under US GAAP, cost of access, real estate, network and operations, cost of equipment sales and third party maintenance costs are shown as cost of revenue. Cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative and depreciation and amortization expenses are components of operating expenses. The Company does not present a gross profit under US GAAP.
Foreign currency gains/(losses): Under IFRS, the Company includes foreign currency gains and losses within both administrative expenses and finance costs, whereas under US GAAP these amounts are included in other income or loss.
Consolidated balance sheets
Under IFRS, the Company presents deferred financing charges related to the Senior Secured Notes as a reduction to the debt liability. Under US GAAP these amounts are recorded as an asset.
Recently announced US GAAP pronouncements
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes: an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”) in July 2006. This interpretation states that an “enterprise shall initially recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position where it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon examination.” “More likely than not” is defined as a likelihood of greater than 50% based on the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2006. The cumulative effect of applying FIN 48 is to be reported as an adjustment to the beginning balance of accumulated deficit. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FIN 48 on the Company’s financial statements.
The FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”), in September 2006. FAS 157 clarifies that the fair value is the amount that would be exchanged to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. This statement also requires that a fair value measurement technique include an adjustment for risks inherent in a
F-54
Global Crossing (UK) Telecommunications Limited
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
particular valuation technique and/or the risks inherent in the inputs to the model if market participants would also include such an adjustment. The provisions of FAS 157 are effective for fiscal periods beginning after November 15, 2007 and are to be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 157.
The FASB issued SFAS No.159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“FAS 159”), in February 2007. FAS 159 allows entities to voluntarily choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial assets and financial liabilities (as well as certain non financial instruments that are similar to financial instruments) at fair value (the “fair value option”). The election is made on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, FAS 159 specifies that all subsequent changes in fair value for that instrument shall be reported in earnings (or another performance indicator for entities such as not-for-profit organizations that do not report earnings). The provisions of FAS 159 are effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Earlier adoption of FAS 159 is permitted as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins on or before November 15, 2007, provided the choice to early adopt is made within 120 days of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption and the entity has not yet issued financial statements for any interim period of that fiscal year. In addition, in order to early adopt FAS 159, an entity must also adopt all of the requirements of FAS 157, Fair Value Measurements as of the adoption date (or earlier). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FAS 159.
F-55
SIGNATURES
Each of the registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that is has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
| | |
GLOBAL CROSSING (UK) FINANCE PLC |
| |
By: | | /s/ ANTHONY D. CHRISTIE |
Name: | | Anthony D Christie |
Title: | | Managing Director |
|
GLOBAL CROSSING (UK) TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIMITED |
| |
By: | | /s/ ANTHONY D. CHRISTIE |
Name: | | Anthony D Christie |
Title: | | Managing Director |
Date: April 20, 2007