Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 4 - Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses Loans consisted of the following segments as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023: September 30, December 31, 2024 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family (1) $ 163,835 $ 172,005 Home Equity 47,969 51,869 Commercial (2) 312,575 316,986 Total real estate loans 524,379 540,860 Other Loans: Commercial 15,645 16,546 Consumer 1,024 1,130 Total gross loans 541,048 558,536 Net deferred loan costs 3,451 3,755 Allowance for credit losses on loans ( 5,494 ) ( 6,463 ) Loans receivable, net $ 539,005 $ 555,828 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans. (2) Includes commercial construction loans. Real estate loans of approximately $ 51.4 million and $ 55.8 million in unpaid principal balance were pledged as collateral for Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLBNY") advances as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Total loans are stated at the principal amounts outstanding, net of unamortized loan fees and costs, with interest income accrued based upon the outstanding principal balance and the terms of the loans. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield using the interest method. Loans are reported by the portfolio segments identified above and are analyzed by management on this basis. All loan policies identified below apply to all segments of the loan portfolio. Accrued interest on loans of $ 2.5 million at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is included in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheet and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans The loan portfolio is segmented into the following loan types by risk level: Real Estate Loans: One- to Four-Family – are loans secured by first lien collateral on residential real estate primarily held in the Western New York region. These loans can be affected by economic conditions and the value of underlying properties. Western New York’s housing market has consistently demonstrated stability in home prices despite changing economic conditions. Furthermore, the Company has conservative underwriting standards and its residential lending policies and procedures verify that its one- to four-family residential mortgage loans generally conform to secondary market guidelines. Home Equity - are loans or lines of credit secured by first or second liens on owner-occupied residential real estate primarily held in the Western New York region. These loans can also be affected by economic conditions and the values of underlying properties. Home equity loans may have increased risk of loss if the Company does not hold the first mortgage resulting in the Company being in a secondary position in the event of collateral liquidation. The Company does not originate interest only home equity loans. Commercial Real Estate – are loans used to finance the purchase of real property, which generally consists of developed real estate that is held as first lien collateral for the loan. These loans are secured by real estate properties that are primarily held in the Western New York region. Commercial real estate lending involves additional risks compared with one- to four-family residential lending, because payments on loans secured by commercial real estate properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, and/or the collateral value of the commercial real estate securing the loan, and repayment of such loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or economic conditions to a greater extent than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. Also, commercial real estate loans typically involve relatively large loan balances concentrated with single borrowers or groups of related borrowers. Other Loans: Commercial – includes business installment loans, lines of credit, and other commercial loans. Most of our commercial loans are for terms generally not in excess of 5 years . Whenever possible, we collateralize these loans with a lien on business assets and equipment and require the personal guarantees from principals of the borrower. Commercial loans generally involve a higher degree of credit risk, as commercial loans can involve relatively large loan balances to a single borrower or groups of related borrowers, with the repayment of such loans typically dependent on the successful operation of the commercial business and the income stream of the borrower. Such risks can be significantly affected by economic conditions. Although commercial loans may be collateralized by equipment or other business assets, the liquidation of collateral in the event of a borrower default may be an insufficient source of repayment because the equipment or other business assets may be obsolete or of limited use, among other things. Accordingly, the repayment of a commercial loan depends primarily on the credit worthiness of the borrowers (and any guarantors), while liquidation of collateral is a secondary and often insufficient source of repayment. Consumer – consist of loans secured by collateral such as an automobile or a deposit account, unsecured loans and lines of credit. Consumer loans tend to have a higher credit risk due to the loans being either unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciable assets. Furthermore, consumer loan payments are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and therefore are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy. Included in the Real Estate Loans for one-to four-family and commercial real estate are loans to finance the construction of either a one- to four-family owner occupied home or commercial real estate. At the end of the construction period, the loan automatically converts to either a one- to four-family residential mortgage or a commercial real estate mortgage, as applicable. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the value of the property at completion compared to the actual cost of construction. The Company limits its risk during construction as disbursements are not made until the required work for each advance has been completed and an updated lien search is performed. The completion of the construction progress is verified by a Company loan officer or inspections performed by an independent appraisal firm or other third party. Construction loans also expose us to the risk of construction delays which may impair the borrower’s ability to repay the loan. The following tables detail the changes in the allowance for credit losses by loan segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Real Estate Loans Other Loans One- to Four-Family (1) Home Equity Commercial Real Estate (2) Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2024 Allowance for Credit Loss on Loans Balance – July 1, 2024 $ 473 $ 216 $ 4,689 $ 523 $ 15 $ 5,916 Charge-offs — — — — ( 16 ) ( 16 ) Recoveries 3 — — — 2 5 (Credit) provision ( 35 ) ( 32 ) ( 247 ) ( 111 ) 14 ( 411 ) Balance – September 30, 2024 $ 441 $ 184 $ 4,442 $ 412 $ 15 $ 5,494 Balance - January 1, 2024 $ 532 $ 213 $ 5,231 $ 471 $ 16 $ 6,463 Charge-offs — — — — ( 29 ) ( 29 ) Recoveries 8 — — — 7 15 (Credit) provision ( 99 ) ( 29 ) ( 789 ) ( 59 ) 21 ( 955 ) Balance – September 30, 2024 $ 441 $ 184 $ 4,442 $ 412 $ 15 $ 5,494 Ending balance: individually evaluated $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 441 $ 184 $ 4,442 $ 412 $ 15 $ 5,494 Gross Loans Receivable (3) : Ending balance $ 163,835 $ 47,969 $ 312,575 $ 15,645 $ 1,024 $ 541,048 Ending balance: individually evaluated $ 134 $ — $ 1,242 $ — $ — $ 1,376 Ending balance: collectively evaluated $ 163,701 $ 47,969 $ 311,333 $ 15,645 $ 1,024 $ 539,672 (1) There were no one-to four-family construction loans at September 30, 2024. (2) Includes commercial construction loans of $ 15.1 million. (3) Gross Loans Receivable does not include allowance for credit losses of $( 5,494 ) or deferred loan costs of $ 3,451 . Real Estate Loans Other Loans One- to Four-Family (1) Home Equity Commercial Real Estate (2) Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2023 Allowance for Credit Loss on Loans Balance- July 1, 2023 $ 541 $ 257 $ 5,422 $ 520 $ 18 $ — $ 6,758 Charge-offs — — — — ( 16 ) — ( 16 ) Recoveries — — 35 — 2 — 37 (Credit) provision ( 6 ) ( 47 ) ( 122 ) 25 13 — ( 137 ) Balance – September 30, 2023 $ 535 $ 210 $ 5,335 $ 545 $ 17 $ — $ 6,642 Balance- January 1, 2023 $ 411 $ 217 $ 5,746 $ 509 $ 47 $ 135 $ 7,065 Impact of adopting ASC 326 201 114 55 72 ( 25 ) ( 135 ) 282 Charge-offs — — — — ( 47 ) — ( 47 ) Recoveries — — 35 29 7 — 71 (Credit) provision ( 77 ) ( 121 ) ( 501 ) ( 65 ) 35 — ( 729 ) Balance – September 30, 2023 $ 535 $ 210 $ 5,335 $ 545 $ 17 $ — $ 6,642 Ending balance: individually $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively $ 535 $ 210 $ 5,335 $ 545 $ 17 $ — $ 6,642 Gross Loans Receivable (3) : Ending balance $ 172,974 $ 51,276 $ 323,535 $ 18,749 $ 1,113 $ — $ 567,647 Ending balance: individually $ 142 $ — $ 1,242 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,384 Ending balance: collectively $ 172,832 $ 51,276 $ 322,293 $ 18,749 $ 1,113 $ — $ 566,263 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans of $ 2.7 million. (2) Includes commercial construction loans of $ 23.9 million. (3) Gross Loans Receivable does not include allowance for credit losses of $( 6,642 ) or deferred loan costs of $ 3,843 . The following table summarizes the distribution of the allowance for credit losses and loans receivable by loan segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2023: Real Estate Loans Other Loans One- to Four-Family (1) Home Equity Commercial Real Estate (2) Commercial Consumer Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2023 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans Balance – December 31, 2023 $ 532 $ 213 $ 5,231 $ 471 $ 16 $ 6,463 Ending balance: individually $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Ending balance: collectively $ 532 $ 213 $ 5,231 $ 471 $ 16 $ 6,463 Gross Loans Receivable (3) : Ending Balance $ 172,005 $ 51,869 $ 316,986 $ 16,546 $ 1,130 $ 558,536 Ending balance: individually $ 140 $ — $ 1,242 $ — $ — $ 1,382 Ending balance: collectively $ 171,865 $ 51,869 $ 315,744 $ 16,546 $ 1,130 $ 557,154 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans of $ 466,000 . (2) Includes commercial construction loans of $ 16.4 million. (3) Gross Loans Receivable does not include allowance for credit losses of $( 6,463 ) or deferred loan costs of $ 3,755 . Allowance for Credit Losses on Unfunded Loan Commitments The Company’s allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments is recognized as a liability and included within other liabilities on the unaudited consolidated balance sheets, with adjustments to the reserve recognized in (credit) provision for credit losses on the unaudited consolidated statements of income. The Company did not record an allowance on unfunded loan commitments prior to January 1, 2023. The Company’s activity in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was as follows: For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (Dollars in thousands) Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 487 (Credit) Provision for Credit Losses ( 129 ) Balance at March 31, 2024 358 Provision for Credit Losses 36 Balance at June 30, 2024 394 Provision for Credit Losses 182 Balance at September 30, 2024 $ 576 For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ — Impact of CECL Adoption 633 Balance at March 31, 2023 633 (Credit) Provision for Credit Losses ( 220 ) Balance at June 30, 2023 413 (Credit) Provision for Credit Losses ( 62 ) Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 351 Non-accrual Loans and Delinquency Status The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status and loans on non-accrual status with no allowance for credit losses recorded. The Company did not have any loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Total Non-accrual Non-accrual with no Allowance for Credit Losses September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family (1) $ 2,082 $ 1,904 $ 2,082 $ 1,904 Home Equity 689 196 689 196 Commercial Real Estate (2) 1,226 1,242 1,226 1,242 Other Loans: Commercial — — — — Consumer 12 5 12 5 Total loans $ 4,009 $ 3,347 $ 4,009 $ 3,347 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans. (2) Includes commercial construction loans. There was no interest income recognized on non-accrual loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued when in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due. A loan does not have to be 90 days delinquent in order to be classified as non-accrual. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. If ultimate collection of principal is in doubt, all cash receipts on non-accrual loans are applied to reduce the principal balance. The following tables provide an analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Total Past Current Total Gross Loans Past Due Past Due Past Due Due Due Receivable (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2024: Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family (1) $ 1,056 $ 374 $ 771 $ 2,201 $ 161,634 $ 163,835 Home equity 124 126 598 848 47,121 47,969 Commercial (2) — — 1,242 1,242 311,333 312,575 Other Loans: Commercial — — — — 15,645 15,645 Consumer 32 2 5 39 985 1,024 Total $ 1,212 $ 502 $ 2,616 $ 4,330 $ 536,718 $ 541,048 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Total Past Current Total Gross Loans Past Due Past Due Past Due Due Due Receivable (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2023: Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family (1) $ 1,488 $ 3 $ 276 $ 1,767 $ 170,238 $ 172,005 Home equity 315 583 56 954 50,915 51,869 Commercial (2) — — 1,242 1,242 315,744 316,986 Other Loans: Commercial — — — — 16,546 16,546 Consumer 6 — 1 7 1,123 1,130 Total $ 1,809 $ 586 $ 1,575 $ 3,970 $ 554,566 $ 558,536 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans. (2) Includes commercial real estate construction loans. Collateral-Dependent Loans Collateral-dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. These loans do not share common risk characteristics and are not included within the collectively evaluated loans for determining the allowance for credit losses. Under CECL, for collateral-dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the allowance for credit losses based on the fair value of collateral. The allowance for credit losses is measured on an individual loan basis based on the difference between the fair value of the loan’s collateral, which is adjusted for liquidation costs, and the amortized cost. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the amortized cost, no allowance for credit losses is required. Refer to Note 8 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments for additional information. The following table presents an analysis of the amortized cost of collateral-dependent loans of the Company as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 by collateral type and loan segment: Residential Business Commercial Total Properties Assets Land Property Other Loans September 30, 2024: (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family $ 136 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 136 Home Equity — — — — — — Commercial 200 — 1,026 — — 1,226 Total $ 336 $ — $ 1,026 $ — $ — $ 1,362 December 31, 2023: Real Estate Loans: Residential, one- to four-family $ 143 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 143 Home Equity — — — — — — Commercial 200 — 1,026 — — 1,226 Total $ 343 $ — $ 1,026 $ — $ — $ 1,369 There was no allowance for credit losses recorded on the above noted collateral-dependent loans as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Credit Quality Indicators The Company’s policies provide for the classification of loans as follows: • Pass/Performing; • Special Mention – does not currently expose the Company to a sufficient degree of risk but does possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving the Company’s close attention; • Substandard – has one or more well-defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. A substandard asset would be one inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or pledged collateral, if applicable; • Doubtful – has all the weaknesses inherent in substandard loans with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values questionable, and there is a high possibility of loss; and • Loss – loan is considered uncollectible and continuance without the establishment of a specific valuation reserve is not warranted. Each commercial loan is individually assigned a loan classification. The Company’s consumer loans, including residential one- to four-family loans and home equity loans, are classified by using the delinquency status as the basis for classifying these loans. Generally, all consumer loans more than 90 days past due are classified and placed in non-accrual. Such loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection will remain in accrual status. Asset quality indicators for all loans and the Company’s risk rating process are reviewed on a monthly basis. Risk ratings are updated as circumstances that could affect the repayment of individual loans are brought to management’s attention through an established monitoring process. Written action plans are maintained and reviewed on a quarterly basis for all classified commercial loans. In addition to the Company’s internal process, an outsourced independent credit review function is in place for commercial and certain consumer loans to further assess assigned risk classifications and monitor compliance with internal lending policies and procedures. The following table presents gross loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at September 30, 2024: YTD 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Residential, one-to four-family (1) : Pass $ 3,960 $ 11,927 $ 33,852 $ 27,279 $ 15,852 $ 68,471 $ — $ 161,341 Substandard — — 452 265 89 1,688 — 2,494 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,960 11,927 $ 34,304 $ 27,544 $ 15,941 $ 70,159 $ — $ 163,835 Current period gross charge-offs $ — — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Home Equity (2) : Pass $ — $ 2,980 $ 2,446 $ 82 $ 38 $ 613 $ 40,972 47,131 Substandard — — — — — — 838 838 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ 2,980 $ 2,446 $ 82 $ 38 $ 613 $ 41,810 $ 47,969 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate (3) : Pass $ 15,646 $ 17,364 $ 84,485 $ 42,887 $ 36,617 $ 100,554 $ 644 $ 298,197 Special mention — — — 702 902 2,891 — 4,495 Substandard — — — — 1,242 8,641 — 9,883 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 15,646 $ 17,364 $ 84,485 $ 43,589 $ 38,761 $ 112,086 $ 644 $ 312,575 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Loans: Pass $ 1,451 $ 1,052 $ 2,089 $ 562 $ 382 $ 1,881 $ 3,681 $ 11,098 Special mention — — — 190 — 151 991 1,332 Substandard — — — — — 2,259 956 3,215 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 1,451 $ 1,052 $ 2,089 $ 752 $ 382 $ 4,291 $ 5,628 $ 15,645 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Loans: Pass $ 228 $ 145 $ 161 $ 42 $ 104 $ 118 $ 215 $ 1,013 Substandard 5 — — 1 — — 5 11 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 233 $ 145 $ 161 $ 43 $ 104 $ 118 $ 220 $ 1,024 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ — $ — $ 27 $ 29 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans. (2) Home equity loans presented with an origination year represent home equity lines-of-credit which have been converted to term loans. (3) Includes commercial construction loans. The following table presents gross loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at December 31, 2023: 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total (Dollars in thousands) Residential, one-to four-family (1) : Pass $ 12,203 $ 36,103 $ 29,486 $ 17,975 $ 10,075 $ 63,928 $ — $ 169,770 Substandard — 262 39 92 270 1,572 — 2,235 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 12,203 $ 36,365 $ 29,525 $ 18,067 $ 10,345 $ 65,500 $ — $ 172,005 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ 3 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3 Home Equity (2) : Pass $ 3,660 $ 3,120 $ 102 $ 47 $ 274 $ 511 $ 43,862 $ 51,576 Substandard — — — — — — 293 293 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,660 $ 3,120 $ 102 $ 47 $ 274 $ 511 $ 44,155 $ 51,869 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Real Estate (3) : Pass $ 15,396 $ 85,587 $ 50,797 $ 42,226 $ 38,694 $ 72,256 $ — $ 304,956 Special mention — — — 984 682 — — 1,666 Substandard — — — 1,242 5,386 3,736 — 10,364 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 15,396 $ 85,587 $ 50,797 $ 44,452 $ 44,762 $ 75,992 $ — $ 316,986 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial Loans: Pass $ 1,243 $ 2,591 $ 732 $ 622 $ 1,901 $ 4,997 $ — $ 12,086 Special mention — — 263 — 764 — — 1,027 Substandard — — — — 3,114 319 — 3,433 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 1,243 $ 2,591 $ 995 $ 622 $ 5,779 $ 5,316 $ — $ 16,546 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer Loans: Pass $ 269 $ 245 $ 79 $ 136 $ 2 $ 210 $ 184 $ 1,125 Substandard — — 2 1 — — 2 5 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 269 $ 245 $ 81 $ 137 $ 2 $ 210 $ 186 $ 1,130 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ 8 $ 3 $ 3 $ 4 $ — $ 40 $ 58 (1) Includes one- to four-family construction loans. (2) Home equity loans presented with an origination year represent home equity lines-of-credit which have been converted to term loans. (3) Includes commercial construction loans. Modifications with Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty : Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing modifications to loans that it would not normally grant. Such modifications could include principal forgiveness, term extension, a significant payment delay, an interest rate reduction or the addition of a co-borrower or guarantor. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of the forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. In some cases, the Company provides multiple types of modifications on one loan. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another modification may be granted, such as principal forgiveness. There were no loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2023 that were experiencing financial difficulty and were modified during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, by loan class and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivables is also presented. Principal Forgiveness Payment Delay Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Add Co-Borrower/ Combination Term Extension and Add Co-Borrower Percentage of Total Class of Financing Receivable (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Loans Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,935 $ — 1.53 % Other loans Commercial — — — — — 1,114 5.94 % Total $ $ — $ — $ — $ 4,935 $ 1,114 The following table describes the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty: Term Extension and Added Co-Borrower Loan Type Financial Effect Commercial Real Estate Added a co-borrower with financial ability to strengthen the credit risk related to this particular loan. No other modification was made to this loan that had a financial effect on the borrower(s). Other - Commercial Added a weighted-average of 5 years to the life of the loans, which reduced the monthly payment amount for the borrowers. Added a co-borrower with financial ability to strengthen the credit risk related to these particular loans. There were no modified loans past due or on non-accrual as of September 30, 2024. There were no loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 that had a payment default and were modified in the twelve months prior . The Company has not committed to lending additional amounts to the borrowers included in the previous tables. Foreclosed real estate consists of property acquired in settlement of loans which is carried at its fair value less estimated selling costs. Write-downs from cost to fair value less estimated selling costs are recorded at the date of acquisition or repossession and are charged to the allowance for credit losses. There was no foreclosed real estate at September 30, 2024, and $ 34,000 at December 31, 2023 , which was included as a component of other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $ 722,000 at September 30, 2024 and $ 158,000 at December 31, 2023 . |