Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies | 3 Months Ended |
Mar. 31, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies | Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies |
Nature of operations |
Chaparral Energy, Inc. and its subsidiaries, (collectively, “we”, “our”, “us”, or the “Company”) are involved in the acquisition, exploration, development, production and operation of oil and natural gas properties. Our properties are located primarily in Oklahoma and Texas. |
Interim financial statements |
The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and do not include all of the financial information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. These financial statements and the notes thereto should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. |
The financial information as of March 31, 2015, and for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, is unaudited. The financial information as of December 31, 2014 has been derived from the audited financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. In management’s opinion, such information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that will be realized for the year ended December 31, 2015. |
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period financial statements to conform to current period presentation. The reclassifications had no effect on our previously reported results of operations. |
Cash and cash equivalents |
We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts and money market funds which may not be federally insured. As of March 31, 2015, cash with a recorded balance totaling $38,551 was held at JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts and believe we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on such accounts. |
Accounts receivable |
We have receivables from joint interest owners and oil and natural gas purchasers which are generally uncollateralized. We generally review our oil and natural gas purchasers for credit worthiness and general financial condition. We may have the ability to withhold future revenue disbursements to recover non-payment of joint interest billings on properties of which we are the operator. Accounts receivable from joint interest owners are stated at amounts due, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts receivable are generally due within 30 days and accounts outstanding longer than 60 days are considered past due. We establish our allowance for doubtful accounts by considering the length of time past due, previous loss history, future net revenues of the debtor’s ownership interest in oil and natural gas properties we operate, and our assessment of the owner’s ability to pay its obligation, among other things. |
We write off accounts receivable when they are determined to be uncollectible. Recovered amounts previously written off are offset against the allowance and reduce expense in the year of recovery. |
Accounts receivable consisted of the following at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014: |
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| March 31, | | December 31, | |
2015 | 2014 | |
Joint interests | $ | 21,844 | | | $ | 30,648 | | |
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Accrued commodity sales | 37,968 | | | 45,667 | | |
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Derivative settlements | 41,092 | | | 19,678 | | |
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Other | 2,014 | | | 2,738 | | |
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Allowance for doubtful accounts | (337 | ) | | (287 | ) | |
| $ | 102,581 | | | $ | 98,444 | | |
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Inventories |
Inventories are comprised of equipment used in developing oil and natural gas properties and oil and natural gas product inventories. Equipment inventory is carried at the lower of cost or market using the average cost method. Oil and natural gas product inventories are stated at the lower of production cost or market. Inventories are shown net of a provision for obsolescence, commensurate with known or estimated exposure, which is reflected in the valuation allowance disclosed below. Inventories at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 consisted of the following: |
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| | March 31, | | December 31, |
2015 | 2014 |
Equipment inventory | | $ | 25,518 | | | $ | 24,169 | |
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Commodities | | 2,821 | | | 2,575 | |
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Inventory valuation allowance | | (1,177 | ) | | (1,187 | ) |
| | $ | 27,162 | | | $ | 25,557 | |
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Oil and natural gas properties |
Capitalized Costs. We use the full cost method of accounting for oil and natural gas properties and activities. Accordingly, we capitalize all costs incurred in connection with the exploration for and development of oil and natural gas reserves. Proceeds from the disposition of oil and natural gas properties are accounted for as a reduction in capitalized costs, with no gain or loss generally recognized unless such dispositions involve a significant alteration in the depletion rate. We capitalize internal costs that can be directly identified with exploration and development activities, but do not include any costs related to production, general corporate overhead or similar activities. Capitalized costs include geological and geophysical work, 3D seismic, delay rentals, drilling and completing and equipping oil and natural gas wells, including salaries, benefits and other internal costs directly attributable to these activities. |
The costs of unevaluated oil and natural gas properties are excluded from amortization until the properties are evaluated. Costs are transferred into the amortization base on an ongoing basis as the properties are evaluated and proved reserves are established or impairment is determined. Work-in-progress costs are included in unevaluated oil and natural gas properties and as of March 31, 2015, include $188,562 of capital costs incurred for undeveloped acreage, $72,046 for the construction of CO2 delivery pipelines and facilities for which there are no reserves, and $4,501 for wells and facilities in progress pending determination. As of December 31, 2014, work-in-progress costs included capital costs incurred of $190,356 for undeveloped acreage, $72,046 for the construction of CO2 delivery pipelines and facilities for which there are no reserves, and $26,023 for wells and facilities in progress pending determination. |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization. Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“DD&A”) of oil and natural gas properties are provided using the units-of-production method based on estimates of proved oil and natural gas reserves and production, which are converted to a common unit of measure based upon their relative energy content. Our cost basis for depletion includes estimated future development costs to be incurred on proved undeveloped properties. The computation of DD&A takes into consideration restoration, dismantlement, and abandonment costs, and the anticipated proceeds from salvaging equipment. |
Ceiling Test. In accordance with the full cost method of accounting, the net capitalized costs of oil and natural gas properties are not to exceed their related PV-10 value, net of tax considerations, plus the cost of unproved properties not being amortized. |
Our estimates of oil and natural gas reserves as of March 31, 2015 were prepared using an average price for oil and natural gas of each month for the prior twelve months as required by the SEC. The cost center ceiling exceeded the net capitalized cost of our oil and natural gas properties as of March 31, 2015, and no ceiling test impairment was recorded. |
Due to the substantial decline of commodity prices in late 2014, which have remained low into the second quarter of 2015, we anticipate that we will have a ceiling test write-down, which could occur as early as the second quarter of 2015, if prices remain at their depressed levels. The amount of any future impairment is difficult to predict, and will depend on the average oil and natural gas prices during each period, the incremental proved reserves added during each period, and additional capital spent. |
Stock-based compensation |
Our stock-based compensation programs consist of phantom stock, restricted stock units (“RSU”), and restricted stock awards issued to employees. Generally, we use new shares to grant restricted stock awards, and we cancel restricted shares forfeited or repurchased for tax withholding. Canceled shares are available to be issued as new grants under our 2010 Equity Incentive Plan. |
The estimated fair value of the phantom stock and RSU awards are remeasured at the end of each reporting period until settlement. The estimated fair market value of these awards is calculated based on our total asset value less total liabilities, with both assets and liabilities being adjusted to fair value in accordance with the terms of the Phantom Stock Plan and the Non-Officer Restricted Stock Unit Plan. The primary adjustment required is the adjustment of oil and natural gas properties from net book value to the discounted and risk-adjusted reserve value based on internal reserve reports priced on NYMEX forward strips. Compensation cost associated with the phantom stock awards and RSU awards is recognized over the vesting period using the straight-line method and the accelerated method, respectively. The fair value of our restricted stock awards that include a service condition is based upon the estimated fair market value of our common equity per share on a minority, non-marketable basis on the date of grant, and is remeasured at the end of each reporting period until settlement. We recognize compensation cost over the requisite service period using the accelerated method for awards with graded vesting. |
We use a Monte Carlo model to estimate the grant date fair value of restricted stock awards that include a market condition. This model includes various significant assumptions, including the expected volatility of the share awards and the probabilities of certain vesting conditions. Compensation cost associated with restricted stock awards that include a market condition is recognized over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. The assumptions used to value our stock-based compensation awards reflect our best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside of our control. As a result, stock-based compensation expense could have been significantly impacted if other assumptions had been used. |
The costs associated with our stock-based compensation programs is calculated net of forfeitures, which are estimated based on our historical and expected turnover rates. If our actual forfeiture rate is materially different from our estimate, the stock-based compensation cost could be different from what we have recorded in the current period. |
Cost reduction initiatives |
Cost reduction initiatives include expenses related to our efforts to reduce our capital, operating and administrative costs in response to the recent deterioration of commodity prices. Included in our $8,774 of expenses for cost reduction initiatives are $6,524 in one-time severance and termination benefits in connection with our reduction in force that was implemented in February 2015. The remaining expense is a result of third party legal and professional services we have engaged to assist in our cost savings initiatives. |
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Recently adopted accounting pronouncements |
In July 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance regarding how health insurers should recognize and classify in their income statements the fees mandated by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (“HCERA”). The HCERA imposes an annual fee upon health insurers for each calendar year beginning on or after January 1, 2014. The annual fee will be allocated to individual entities providing health insurance to employees based on a ratio, as provided for in the HCERA, and is not tax deductible. This guidance specifies that once the entity has provided qualifying health insurance in the calendar year in which the fee is payable, the liability for the entity’s fee should be estimated and recorded in full with a corresponding deferred cost that is amortized to expense on a straight line basis, unless another method better allocates the fee over the calendar year that it is payable. This guidance, which was effective and adopted by us in the first quarter of 2014, did not have a material impact on our financial statements and results of operations. |
Recently issued accounting pronouncements |
In May 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that supersedes previous revenue recognition requirements and requires entities to recognize revenue in a way that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect the new standard will have on our financial statements and results of operations. |
In August 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires entities to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about their ability to continue as a going concern and requires additional disclosures if certain criteria are met. This guidance is effective for fiscal periods after December 15, 2016 and interim periods thereafter. We do not expect this guidance to materially impact our financial statements or results of operations. |
In April 2015, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends the presentation of the cost of issuing debt on the balance sheet. The amendment requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendment. This guidance is effective for fiscal periods after December 15, 2015 and interim periods thereafter. We are currently evaluating the effect the new standard will have on our financial statements and results of operations. |