Exhibit 4.16
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
General
Our articles of incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 900,000,000 shares of common stock, par value of $0.001 per share.
As of July 29, 2024, there were 40,540,680 shares of our common stock outstanding.
The following description is only a summary. You should also refer to our articles of incorporation and bylaws, both of which incorporated by reference as exhibits to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of which this exhibit forms a part.
Common Stock
The holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share. In addition, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared by our Board out of legally available funds; however, the current policy of our Board is to retain earnings, if any, for operations and growth. Upon liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets that are legally available for distribution. The holders of our common stock will have no preemptive rights.
Warrants
As of July 29, 2024, we have warrants to purchase up to 20,562,932 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding at an exercise price of $0.61 per share.
Options
As of July 29, 2024, we have options to purchase 2,078,500 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding at a weighted average exercise price of $2.24 per share.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Utah Law and Our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws
The provisions of Utah law, our articles of incorporation and our bylaws may have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging another person from acquiring control of our Company. These provisions, which are summarized below, may have the effect of discouraging takeover bids. They are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to negotiate first with our Board. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Articles of Incorporation and Bylaw Provisions
Our articles of incorporation and our bylaws include several provisions that could deter hostile takeovers or delay or prevent changes in control of our management team, including the following:
| ● | Board of directors’ vacancies. Our articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors and vacancies occurring in the board for any reason except the removal of directors without cause may be filled by a vote of the majority of directors then in office, although less than a quorum exists. Vacancies occurring by reason of the removal of directors without cause shall be filled by vote of the stockholders. A director elected to fill a vacancy caused by resignation, death or removal shall be elected to hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor. In addition, the number of directors constituting our Board is permitted to be set only by a resolution adopted by our Board. These provisions prevent a stockholder from increasing the size of our Board and then gaining control of our Board by filling the resulting vacancies with its own nominees. This makes it more difficult to change the composition of our Board but promotes continuity of management. | |
| ● | Special meeting of stockholders. Our bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by our president or any two directors, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. These provisions might delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any action, including the removal of directors. | |
| ● | No cumulative voting. The Utah Business Corporation Act provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless a corporation’s articles of incorporation provide otherwise. Our articles of incorporation do not provide for cumulative voting. |
Limitations of Liability and Indemnification Matters
For a discussion of liability and indemnification, please see the section titled “Management—Limitation of Liability and Indemnification.”
Transfer Agent
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Equity Stock Transfer LLC with its business address at 237 W 37th Street, Suite 602, New York, NY 10018. Its telephone number is (212) 575-5757 and its email address is info@equitystock.com.