RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Results comparisons are for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018:
Investment Income
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, gross investment income totaled $39.3 million and $39.0 million, respectively. The increase in gross investment income for the year over year three month periods was primarily due to growth of the average income producing investment portfolio.
Expenses
Expenses totaled $20.8 million and $20.1 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, of which $11.2 million and $11.2 million, respectively, were base management fees and performance-based incentive fees and $7.3 million and $5.9 million, respectively, were interest and other credit facility expenses. Administrative services and other general and administrative expenses totaled $2.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Expenses generally consist of management and performance-based incentive fees, interest and other credit facility expenses, administrative services fees, insurance expenses, legal fees, directors’ fees, transfer agency fees, printing and proxy expenses, audit and tax services expenses, and other general and administrative expenses. Interest and other credit facility expenses generally consist of interest, unused fees, agency fees and loan origination fees, if any, among others. The increase in expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 versus the three months ended March 31, 2018 was primarily due to higher interest expense resulting from an increase in average borrowings to support a larger average income producing investment portfolio.
Net Investment Income
The Company’s net investment income totaled $18.5 million and $18.9 million, or $0.44 and $0.45, per average share, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.
Net Realized Gain (Loss)
The Company had investment sales and prepayments totaling approximately $74 million and $142 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Net realized gains (losses) over the same periods were ($0.5) million and $0.4 million, respectively. Net realized losses for the three months ended March 31, 2019 were primarily related to the exit of our investments in ARK Real Estate Partners. Net realized gains for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were related to the sale of select assets.
Net Change in Unrealized Gain
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, net change in unrealized gain on the Company’s assets and liabilities totaled $6.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively. Net unrealized gain for the three months ended March 31, 2019 is primarily due to appreciation in the value of our investments in Crystal Financial LLC, NEF Holdings and SOAGG LLC, among others, partially offset by depreciation on our investments in IHS Intermediate, Inc. and Rug Doctor, among others. Net unrealized gain for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is primarily due to appreciation in the value of our investments in Rug Doctor, Rapid Micro Biosytems, Inc., Aegis Toxicology Sciences Corporation and Vapotherm, Inc., among others, partially offset by depreciation on our investments in Crystal Financial LLC, Achaogen, Inc. and Kore Wireless Group, Inc., among others.
Net Increase in Net Assets From Operations
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had a net increase in net assets resulting from operations of $24.8 million and $20.0 million, respectively. For the same periods, earnings per average share were $0.59 and $0.47, respectively.
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