Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | 3. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The following table presents the Corporation’s loan portfolio by category of loans as of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017: LOAN PORTFOLIO (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) March 31, December 31, 2018 2017 $ $ Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 90,049 90,072 Agriculture mortgages 151,436 152,050 Construction 19,700 18,670 Total commercial real estate 261,185 260,792 Consumer real estate (a) 1-4 family residential mortgages 184,556 176,971 Home equity loans 10,588 11,181 Home equity lines of credit 60,846 61,104 Total consumer real estate 255,990 249,256 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 46,917 41,426 Tax-free loans 20,794 20,722 Agriculture loans 18,189 18,794 Total commercial and industrial 85,900 80,942 Consumer 5,129 5,320 Gross loans prior to deferred fees 608,204 596,310 Less: Deferred loan costs, net 1,311 1,243 Allowance for loan losses (8,083 ) (8,240 ) Total net loans 601,432 589,313 (a) Real estate loans serviced for others, which are not included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled $103,458,000 and $98,262,000 as of March 31, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Corporation grades commercial credits differently than consumer credits. The following tables represent all of the Corporation’s commercial credit exposures by internally assigned grades as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. The grading analysis estimates the capability of the borrower to repay the contractual obligations under the loan agreements as scheduled. The Corporation's internal commercial credit risk grading system is based on experiences with similarly graded loans. The Corporation's internally assigned grades for commercial credits are as follows: · Pass – loans which are protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral. · Special Mention – loans where a potential weakness or risk exists, which could cause a more serious problem if not corrected. · Substandard – loans that have a well-defined weakness based on objective evidence and characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. · Doubtful – loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard asset. In addition, these weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, based on existing circumstances. · Loss – loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectible, or of such value that continuance as an asset is not warranted. COMMERCIAL CREDIT EXPOSURE CREDIT RISK PROFILE BY INTERNALLY ASSIGNED GRADE (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS March 31, 2018 Commercial Agriculture Construction Commercial Tax-free Agriculture Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Grade: Pass 86,680 142,964 18,161 44,241 20,588 17,237 329,871 Special Mention 198 3,836 539 602 206 248 5,629 Substandard 3,171 4,636 1,000 2,074 — 704 11,585 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — Total 90,049 151,436 19,700 46,917 20,794 18,189 347,085 December 31, 2017 Commercial Agriculture Construction Commercial Tax-free Agriculture Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Grade: Pass 86,259 143,037 17,670 37,947 20,514 17,798 323,225 Special Mention 160 3,873 — 1,015 208 270 5,526 Substandard 3,653 5,140 1,000 2,464 — 726 12,983 Doubtful — — — — — — — Loss — — — — — — — Total 90,072 152,050 18,670 41,426 20,722 18,794 341,734 For consumer loans, the Corporation evaluates credit quality based on whether the loan is considered performing or non-performing. Non-performing loans consist of those loans greater than 90 days delinquent and nonaccrual loans. The following tables present the balances of consumer loans by classes of the loan portfolio based on payment performance as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: CONSUMER CREDIT EXPOSURE CREDIT RISK PROFILE BY PAYMENT PERFORMANCE (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) March 31, 2018 1-4 Family Home Equity Home Equity Consumer Total Payment performance: $ $ $ $ $ Performing 183,937 10,588 60,817 5,123 260,465 Non-performing 1,142 140 29 26 1,337 Total 185,079 10,728 60,846 5,149 261,802 December 31, 2017 1-4 Family Home Equity Home Equity Consumer Total Payment performance: $ $ $ $ $ Performing 176,576 11,181 61,074 5,305 254,136 Non-performing 395 — 30 15 440 Total 176,971 11,181 61,104 5,320 254,576 The following tables present an age analysis of the Corporation’s past due loans, segregated by loan portfolio class, as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: AGING OF LOANS RECEIVABLE (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Loans Greater Receivable > 30-59 Days 60-89 Days than 90 Total Past Total Loans 90 Days and March 31, 2018 Past Due Past Due Days Due Current Receivable Accruing $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages — — 298 298 89,751 90,049 244 Agriculture mortgages — — — — 151,436 151,436 — Construction — — — — 19,700 19,700 — Consumer real estate 1-4 family residential mortgages 1,725 24 619 2,368 182,188 184,556 619 Home equity loans 53 — — 53 10,535 10,588 — Home equity lines of credit — — 29 29 60,817 60,846 29 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 13 — — 13 46,904 46,917 — Tax-free loans — — — — 20,794 20,794 — Agriculture loans 227 — — 227 17,962 18,189 — Consumer 3 4 6 13 5,116 5,129 6 Total 2,021 28 952 3,001 605,203 608,204 898 Loans Greater Receivable > 30-59 Days 60-89 Days than 90 Total Past Total Loans 90 Days and December 31, 2017 Past Due Past Due Days Due Current Receivable Accruing $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages — — 372 372 89,700 90,072 — Agriculture mortgages — — — — 152,050 152,050 — Construction — — — — 18,670 18,670 — Consumer real estate 1-4 family residential mortgages 533 248 395 1,176 175,795 176,971 395 Home equity loans 40 — — 40 11,141 11,181 — Home equity lines of credit — — 30 30 61,074 61,104 30 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 65 109 — 174 41,252 41,426 — Tax-free loans — — — — 20,722 20,722 — Agriculture loans — — — — 18,794 18,794 — Consumer 8 3 15 26 5,294 5,320 15 Total 646 360 812 1,818 594,492 596,310 440 The following table presents nonaccrual loans by classes of the loan portfolio as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: NONACCRUAL LOANS BY LOAN CLASS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) March 31, December 31, 2018 2017 $ $ Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 192 393 Agriculture mortgages — — Construction — — Consumer real estate 1-4 family residential mortgages 523 — Home equity loans 140 — Home equity lines of credit — — Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — Tax-free loans — — Agriculture loans — — Consumer 20 — Total 875 393 As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, all of the Corporation’s commercial loans on nonaccrual status were also considered impaired. Information with respect to impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017, is as follows: IMPAIRED LOANS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017 $ $ Average recorded balance of impaired loans 1,836 1,958 Interest income recognized on impaired loans 20 14 There were no loan modifications made during the three months ended March 31, 2018 causing a loan to be considered a troubled debt restructuring (TDR). However, there was a loan modification made during the three months ended March 31, 2017, that constituted a TDR. A TDR is a loan where management has granted a concession to a borrower that is experiencing financial difficulty. A concession is generally defined as more favorable payment or credit terms granted to a borrower in an effort to improve the likelihood of the lender collecting principal in its entirety. Concessions usually are in the form of interest only for a period of time, or a lower interest rate offered in an effort to enable the borrower to continue to make normally scheduled payments. The loan classified as a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2017, was an agricultural loan with a principal balance at March 31, 2018, of $227,000. The concession initially granted to the borrower during the first quarter of 2017 was an interest-only period initially running for three months to March 31, 2017. However, on March 31, 2017, that deferral period was extended for an additional three months, causing management to classify the loan as a TDR. The concession period ended June 30, 2017. Subsequent to June 30, 2017, the borrower resumed normal principal and interest payments as of July 2017. The following tables summarize information in regarding impaired loans by loan portfolio class as of March 31, 2018, December 31, 2017, and March 31, 2017: IMPAIRED LOAN ANALYSIS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) March 31, 2018 Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest $ $ $ $ $ With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 369 895 — 340 3 Agriculture mortgages 1,156 1,156 — 1,164 13 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 1,525 2,051 — 1,504 16 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans 227 227 — 237 3 Total commercial and industrial 227 227 — 237 3 Total with no related allowance 1,752 2,278 — 1,741 19 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 505 507 63 95 1 Agriculture mortgages — — — — — Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 505 507 63 95 1 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans — — — — — Total commercial and industrial — — — — — Total with a related allowance 505 507 63 95 1 Total by loan class: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 874 1,402 63 435 4 Agriculture mortgages 1,156 1,156 — 1,164 13 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 2,030 2,558 63 1,599 17 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans 227 227 — 237 3 Total commercial and industrial 227 227 — 237 3 Total 2,257 2,785 63 1,836 20 IMPAIRED LOAN ANALYSIS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) December 31, 2017 Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest $ $ $ $ $ With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 393 690 — 585 4 Agriculture mortgages 1,174 1,174 — 1,210 54 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 1,567 1,864 — 1,795 58 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans 245 245 — 163 7 Total commercial and industrial 245 245 — 163 7 Total with no related allowance 1,812 2,109 — 1,958 65 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages — — — — — Agriculture mortgages — — — — — Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate — — — — — Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans — — — — — Total commercial and industrial — — — — — Total with a related allowance — — — — — Total by loan class: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 393 690 — 585 4 Agriculture mortgages 1,174 1,174 — 1,210 54 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 1,567 1,864 — 1,795 58 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans 245 245 — 163 7 Total commercial and industrial 245 245 — 163 7 Total 1,812 2,109 — 1,958 65 IMPAIRED LOAN ANALYSIS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) March 31, 2017 Recorded Unpaid Related Average Interest $ $ $ $ $ With no related allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 760 857 — 644 3 Agriculture mortgages 1,229 1,229 — 1,238 11 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 1,989 2,086 — 1,882 14 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 75 75 — 75 — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans — — — — — Total commercial and industrial 75 75 — 75 — Total with no related allowance 2,064 2,161 — 1,957 14 With an allowance recorded: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages — — — — — Agriculture mortgages — — — — — Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate — — — — — Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial — — — — — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans — — — — — Total commercial and industrial — — — — — Total with a related allowance — — — — — Total by loan class: Commercial real estate Commercial mortgages 760 857 — 644 3 Agriculture mortgages 1,229 1,229 — 1,238 11 Construction — — — — — Total commercial real estate 1,989 2,086 — 1,882 14 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 75 75 — 75 — Tax-free loans — — — — — Agriculture loans — — — — — Total commercial and industrial 75 75 — 75 — Total 2,064 2,161 — 1,957 14 The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2018: ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Commercial Consumer Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance - December 31, 2017 3,863 2,052 1,829 98 398 8,240 Charge-offs (224 ) — (110 ) (18 ) — (352 ) Recoveries — — 4 1 — 5 Provision 408 137 (422 ) (9 ) 76 190 Balance - March 31, 2018 4,047 2,189 1,301 72 474 8,083 During the three months ended March 31, 2018, provision expenses were recorded for the commercial real estate and consumer real estate segments with credit provisions recorded for the commercial and industrial and consumer loan segments. The increase in the allowance for commercial real estate loans was primarily a result of higher levels of charge-offs in the first three months of 2018. The increase in the amount of the allowance for loan losses allocated to the consumer real estate segment was primarily a result of growth in the residential real estate portfolio during the three months ended March 31, 2018. Delinquency rates among the Corporation’s loan pools remain low but have increased to 0.56% of total loans, compared to 0.46% of total loans as of March 31, 2017. Additionally, charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2018, were $352,000 compared to only $11,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. However, classified loans experienced a decrease in the first three months of 2018. The Corporation’s classified loans were $21.5 million as of March 31, 2017, but had declined to $16.1 million as of March 31, 2018. Currently, the agricultural lending sector remains under stress due to weak milk and egg prices impacting farmers. Outside of this, the health of the Corporation’s commercial real estate and commercial and industrial borrowers is generally stable with no material trends related to certain types of industries. Commercial borrowers that have exposure to agriculture are subject to more financial stress in the current environment. Qualitative factors regarding trends in the loan portfolio as well as national and local economic conditions and external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory were increased for several loan pools in the first quarter of 2018 while several factors related to experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other areas declined for the first quarter of 2018. The increases in charge-offs and growth in the loan portfolio caused management to record provision expense of $190,000 through March 31, 2018. T ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Commercial Consumer Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance - December 31, 2016 3,795 1,652 1,552 82 481 7,562 Charge-offs — — (7 ) (4 ) — (11 ) Recoveries — 20 9 2 — 31 Provision (275 ) 163 95 3 104 90 Balance - March 31, 2017 3,520 1,835 1,649 83 585 7,672 During the three months ended March 31, 2017, a credit provision was recorded for the commercial real estate segment with provision expense recorded in all other loan categories. For the entire portfolio, $90,000 of additional provision expense was recorded for the first three months of 2017. Delinquency rates among most loan pools remained very low with the total amount of delinquent loans lower on March 31, 2017 than on December 31, 2016. The Corporation received $20,000 more recoveries than charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2017. These favorable results acted to offset higher levels of classified loans and non-accruals resulting in $90,000 of additional provision being sufficient to cover projected losses inherent in the loan portfolio and still retain a sufficient unallocated portion of the allowance. Changes in qualitative factors were minimal during the first quarter and the provision expense recorded was primarily the result of higher levels of classified loans. The following tables present the balance in the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in loans receivable by portfolio segment based on impairment method as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES AND RECORDED INVESTMENT IN LOANS RECEIVABLE (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) As of March 31, 2018: Commercial Consumer Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 63 — — — — 63 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 3,984 2,189 1,301 72 474 8,020 Loans receivable: Ending balance 261,185 255,990 85,900 5,129 608,204 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 2,030 — 227 — 2,257 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 259,155 255,990 85,673 5,129 605,947 As of December 31, 2017: Commercial Consumer Commercial Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment — — — — — — Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 3,863 2,052 1,829 98 398 8,240 Loans receivable: Ending balance 260,792 249,256 80,942 5,320 596,310 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment 1,567 — 245 — 1,812 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 259,225 249,256 80,697 5,320 594,498 |