Four (4) of the nine (9) members of the Board are employed by the External Manager:
| · | Todd Owens, Co-President of FSAM; |
| · | Ivelin Dimitrov, Chief Investment Officer of FSAM; |
| · | Bernard Berman, Co-President and Chief Compliance Officer of FSAM; and |
| · | Sandeep Khorana, Managing Director of FSAM. |
We believe that the relationships created by the Company and the External Manager sharing these directors renders these interested Board members incapable of making independent decisions to explore and identify strategic alternatives for the Company that are in stockholders’ best interest. In our opinion, the relationships create conflicts of interest that are insurmountable. For as long as these relationships continue to exist, we seriously question whether any strategic alternative that increases the valuation of the Company, but reduces or eliminates the compensation paid to the External Manager, will be given appropriate consideration.
We Believe Immediate Strategic Changes are Necessary to Enhance Stockholder Value
In our view, the serious issues facing the Company fall into two (2) categories: (1) our distrust of the External Manager and (2) our lack of confidence in the Board. At the Annual Meeting, stockholders have an opportunity to vote for change. We are soliciting your support to elect our Nominees and to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement because we believe that adding stockholder advocates to the boardroom and replacing the External Manager are two (2) clear and effective strategic changes that will significantly increase stockholder value.
We are confident that the Company can thrive under new management with a more stockholder-friendly Board and fee structure in place. We also believe that significant share buybacks are an opportunity to enhance stockholder value when the Company’s market price is below book value.
Our Nominees Have the Experience, Qualifications and Commitment Necessary to Fully Explore Available Opportunities to Unlock Value for Stockholders
For the reasons set forth above, we lack confidence in the ability of management and the Board to unlock value for the benefit of all the Company’s stockholders. Further, we believe the Company’s underperformance warrants the addition of direct stockholder representatives on the Board, whose interests are closely aligned with those of all stockholders and who will work constructively with the other members of the Board to protect the best interests of the Company’s stockholders.
We have identified several highly qualified directors with valuable and relevant business and financial experience that we believe will allow them to make informed decisions to explore and identify opportunities to unlock value at FSC.
Randy I. Rochman serves as the Chief Executive Officer of West Family Investments, Inc., an investment firm. Previously, Mr. Rochman served as the Vice President of (and had held various other positions within) the Investment Management Division of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. from August 1981 to May 2007. Mr. Rochman has also served on several not-for-profit Boards of Directors, including the advisory board of Invest For Kids, Crohns/Colitis Foundation, the Silver Millhouse Condominium Association and FC Chicago Soccer Club.
Fred G. Steingraber serves as the Chairman of Board Advisors, LLC, a consulting firm that provides board representation and personal advisory consulting to boards of directors and top management of for-profit and not-for-profit organizations. Mr. Steingraber has also served as Chairman and a Director of A.T. Kearney, Inc., a leading global management consulting firm, from May 1985 to December 2000; a Director of Continental AG (supervisory board), a global supplier of automotive parts and components, from May 1999 to early 2009; a Director of Diamond Hill Financial Trends Fund, Inc., a diversified, closed-end fund, and its predecessor companies including John Hancock Financial Trends Fund, Inc. (p/k/a Financial Trends Fund, Inc.). Mr. Steingraber has also served on over twenty-five (25) not-for-profit boards of directors, including the Indiana University Foundation, the Indiana University Kelly School of Business, the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.
Murray R. Wise serves as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Murray Wise Associates, LLC, a leading transaction advisory, real estate and farm management services firm that specializes in land and agribusiness. Mr. Wise has also served as a Director of Century Realty Trust, which was a publicly-listed real estate investment trust that specialized in ownership of income-producing real properties, from March 2001 until October 2006, at which time Century Realty Trust was liquidated; and served on the Board of Directors of Westchester Group Investment Management, Inc., which is one of the largest agricultural asset management companies in the world, that was created out of a division of Westchester Group, Inc.
PROPOSAL NO. 1
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
The Company has a classified Board, which is currently divided into three (3) classes. The directors in each class are elected for terms of three (3) years, so that the term of office of one class of directors expires at each annual meeting of stockholders. We believe that the terms of three (3) directors expire at the Annual Meeting. We are seeking your support at the Annual Meeting to elect our Nominees in opposition to the Company’s three (3) director nominees for terms ending in 2019. Your vote to elect our Nominees will have the legal effect of replacing three (3) incumbent directors with the Nominees. If elected, our Nominees will represent a minority of the members of the Board, and, therefore, it is not guaranteed that they can implement the actions that they believe are necessary to enhance stockholder value as described in further detail above.
THE NOMINEES
The following information sets forth the name, age, business address, present principal occupation, and employment and material occupations, positions, offices, or employments for the past five (5) years of each Nominee. The nominations were made in a timely manner and in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Company’s governing instruments. The specific experience, qualifications, attributes and skills that led us to conclude that the Nominees should serve as directors of the Company are set forth above in the section entitled “Reasons for the Solicitation.” This information has been furnished to us by the Nominees. The Nominees are citizens of the United States of America.
Randy I. Rochman, age 57, is the Chief Executive Officer of West Family Investments, Inc., an investment firm that focuses primarily on the “rebuilding” of the shadow banking system for mission critical assets, a position that he has held since July 2007. Previously, Mr. Rochman served as the Vice President of (and had held various other positions within) the Investment Management Division of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS), from August 1981 to May 2007. Mr. Rochman passed the certified public accountants exam in May 1980. He has also served on several not-for-profit Boards of Directors, including the advisory board of Invest For Kids, Crohns/Colitis Foundation, the Silver Millhouse Condominium Association and FC Chicago Soccer Club. Mr. Rochman received a B.S. in Accounting from the University of Illinois, Champaign, and a M.M. in Finance from Northwestern University. Mr. Rochman’s extensive experience as a strategic leader with a unique combination of operational and financial expertise would make him a valuable addition to the Board.
Fred G. Steingraber, age 77, is the Chairman of Board Advisors, LLC, a consulting firm that provides board representation and personal advisory consulting to boards of directors and top management of for-profit and not-for-profit organizations on issues facing such organizations and their boards, including corporate governance, organization, strategy, performance and executive compensation, a position that he has held since 2002. Mr. Steingraber has also served as Chairman and a Director of A.T. Kearney, Inc., a leading global management consulting firm, from May 1985 to December 2000; a Director of Continental AG (XETRA: CON) (supervisory board), a global supplier of automotive parts and components, from May 1999 to early 2009; a Director of Diamond Hill Financial Trends Fund, Inc. (NASDAQ:DHFT), a diversified, closed-end fund, and its predecessor companies including John Hancock Financial Trends Fund, Inc. (p/k/a Financial Trends Fund, Inc.) (NASDAQ: DHFT) and Southeastern Thrift and Savings Fund, Inc., from 1989 to March 2013, at which time the fund was liquidated, from approximately 1988 to 1998; a Director of Lawter International Inc., a manufacturer of printing-ink vehicles and specialty additives that was acquired by Eastman Chemical Co. in October 2000, from 1989 to 2006; a Director of Maytag Corporation, a former publicly-listed American home and commercial appliance brand, and a Director of 3i Group plc (LON: III), a multinational private equity and venture capital company, from 2001 to approximately 2009. Since 2004, Mr. Steingraber has served on the Board of Directors of Elkay Manufacturing Company, a manufacturer of stainless steel sinks, faucets and kitchen cabinets; since January 2013, Mr. Steingraber has served on the Board of Trustees of RiverNorth Funds, an open-end mutual fund complex. Over the course of his career, Mr. Steingraber has served on over twenty-five (25) not-for-profit boards of directors, including the Indiana University Foundation, the Indiana University Kelly School of Business, the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, the American Council for Germany, Beta Gamma Sigma National Scholastic Honorary, the Better Business Bureau, Children’s Memorial Hospital - Chicago, The Conference Board, the Economic Club of Chicago, the Executives Club of Chicago, Illinois Alliance for Economic Initiatives, the Illinois State Chamber of Commerce, the Mid-American Committee, The National Association of Manufactures, and Northwestern Healthcare Network. Mr. Steingraber received a B.S. in Economics and Business from Indiana University, Bloomington, and a MBA from the University of Chicago. Mr. Steingraber’s extensive experience leading executive teams and corporate organizations in both the private and public sectors, coupled with his twenty-five (25) years track record serving as a trusted advisor to senior executives and corporate boards on strategy and financial matters, would make him an invaluable member of the Board.
Murray R. Wise, age 66, is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Murray Wise Associates, LLC, a leading transaction advisory, real estate and farm management services firm that specializes in land and agribusiness, selling more than $2.5 billion of land and agribusinesses in forty (40) States during the past twenty (20) years (which includes sales completed by Murray Wise Associates, LLC’s predecessor companies), a position that he has held since October 2010. Mr. Wise has also served as a Director of Century Realty Trust, which was a publicly-listed real estate investment trust that specialized in ownership of income-producing real properties, from March 2001 until October 2006, at which time Century Realty Trust was liquidated; and served on the Board of Directors of Westchester Group Investment Management, Inc., which is one of the largest agricultural asset management companies in the world, that was created out of a division of Westchester Group, Inc., from September 2010 until January 1, 2015. Since 2005, Mr. Wise has served on the Board of Directors of First American Bancorp, an Iowa chartered, privately held, full-service bank with fifty (50) locations in Iowa and Florida and more than $1 billion in assets; and since 2013, Mr. Wise has served on the Board of Directors of Champaign Stephens Family YMCA, an Illinois non-profit that promotes caring, honesty, respect and responsibility through programs that help build a healthy spirit, mind, and body. Previously, Mr. Wise served as Regional Manager of Allied Mills, a division of Continental Grain Company, a diversified conglomerate dedicated to working with its agricultural businesses to pursue strategic opportunities in protein-based businesses, from December 1975 to June 1976; Vice President of The Sandage Companies, a leading Midwestern farm real estate and real estate management firm, from July 1976 to February 1986; and Chairman and President of Westchester Group, Inc., which was previously a division of The Sandage Companies that later entered the agricultural asset management business, from June 1986 to October 2010, when Westchester Group, Inc. sold various of its divisions to Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association – College Retirement Equities Fund (TIAA–CREF). Mr. Wise received a B.S. degree in Agriculture from Iowa State University and an Executive MBA from the University of Illinois, Champaign. Mr. Wise’s prior experience as an executive officer coupled with his management, sales, business development and asset management experience would enable him to provide effective oversight of the Company.
Mr. Rochman’s principal business address is c/o West Family Investments, Inc., 1603 Orrington Avenue, Suite 810, Evanston, Illinois 60201. Mr. Steingraber’s principal business address is c/o Board Advisors, LLC, 60 East Monroe Street, Apartment 7001, Chicago, Illinois 60603. Mr. Wise’s principal business address is c/o Murray Wise Associates, LLC, 1605 South State Street, Suite 110, Champaign, Illinois 61820.
As of the date hereof, an aggregate of 188,804 shares of Common Stock were directly owned by Mr. Rochman and by West Family Investments, Inc., an affiliate of Mr. Rochman. As of the date hereof, Mr. Steingraber does not directly own any shares of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, an aggregate of 116,500 shares of Common Stock were directly owned by Mr. Wise and Murray Wise Associates, LLC, Crayton Road, LLC, and Wise Family Foundation, each an affiliate of Mr. Wise.
Each Nominee may be deemed to be a member of the Group (as defined below) for the purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and accordingly may be deemed to beneficially own the shares of Common Stock owned directly by the other members of the Group. Each Nominee specifically disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock that he does not directly own. For information regarding purchases and sales during the past two (2) years by the Nominees and certain other participants in this solicitation of securities of the Company, see Schedule I.
RiverNorth Management has signed letter agreements, pursuant to which it agreed to indemnify each of Messrs. Rochman, Steingraber, and Wise against claims arising from the solicitation of proxies from the Company stockholders in connection with the Annual Meeting and any related transactions.
On November 16, 2015, the Nominees and RiverNorth (collectively, the “Group”) entered into a Joint Filing and Solicitation Agreement pursuant to which, among other things, (i) the Group agreed to the joint filing on behalf of each of them of statements on Schedule 13D, and any amendments thereto, with respect to the securities of the Company, (ii) the Group agreed to solicit proxies or written consents for the election of the Nominees to the Board at the Annual Meeting (the “Solicitation”), and (iii) RiverNorth agreed to pay directly all expenses incurred in connection with the Solicitation.
RiverNorth believes each Nominee presently is, and if elected as a director of the Company, each Nominee would be, an “independent director” within the meaning of (i) applicable NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”) listing standards applicable to board composition, (ii) Section 301 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and (iii) Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Act”). No Nominee is a member of the Company’s compensation, nominating or audit committee that is not independent under any such committee’s applicable independence standards. No Nominee currently holds, nor at any time has held, any position with the Company. No Nominee oversees any portfolios in the Company’s Fund Complex (as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act).
None of the Nominees, its affiliates or any other related persons, has, during the past five (5) years, held any position, including as an officer, employee, director or general partner, with (i) the Company, (ii) any investment company, or any person that would be an investment company but for the exclusions provided by Sections 3(c)(1) and (c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, having the same investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company (as such item is defined in the Investment Company Act) or under the control of such investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company, as the Company, (iii) the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company and (iv) any person, directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control of the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter, or Sponsoring Insurance Company.
Since the beginning of the Company’s last two (2) completed fiscal years, no officer of an investment adviser, principal underwriter, or Sponsoring Insurance Company of the Company, or of a person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control thereby, serves, or has served, on the board of directors of a company of which any Nominee is an officer.
Since the beginning of the Company’s last two (2) completed fiscal years, no Nominee nor any of its associates was a party to any transaction, or series of similar transactions or is a party to any currently proposed transaction, or series of similar transactions, in which the amount involved exceeded or is to exceed $120,000, to which (i) the Company, (ii) any of its officers, (iii) any investment company, or officer thereof, or any person, or officer thereof, that would be an investment company but for the exclusions provided by Sections 3(c)(1) and (c)(7) of the Investment Company Act, having the same investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company or under the control of such investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company, as the Company, (iv) the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company, or officer thereof, or (v) any person, or officer thereof, directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control of the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter, or Sponsoring Insurance Company, was or is to be a party.
No Nominee nor any of its Immediate Family Members (as such term is defined in Schedule 14A of the Exchange Act) has or has had any direct or indirect interest, the value of which exceeded or is to exceed $120,000, during the past five (5) years, in (i) the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company; or (ii) any person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter, or Sponsoring Insurance Company.
No Nominee nor any of its Immediate Family Members owns beneficially or of record any class of securities in (i) the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter or Sponsoring Insurance Company; or (ii) any person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company’s investment adviser, principal underwriter, or Sponsoring Insurance Company.
No Nominee nor any of its Immediate Family Members has, or has had since the beginning of the Company’s last two (2) completed fiscal years, or has currently proposed, any direct or indirect relationship, in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000, with any of the persons specified in paragraphs (b)(8)(i) through (b)(8)(viii) of Item 22 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act.
Other than as stated herein, there are no arrangements or understandings between members of RiverNorth and any Nominee or any other person or persons pursuant to which the nomination of the Nominees described herein is to be made, other than the consent by each Nominee to be named in this Proxy Statement and to serve as a director of the Company if elected as such at the Annual Meeting. None of the Nominees is a party adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or has a material interest adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries in any material pending legal proceedings.
We do not expect that the Nominees will be unable to stand for election, but, in the event any Nominee is unable to serve or for good cause will not serve, the shares of Common Stock represented by the enclosed GOLD proxy card will be voted for substitute nominee(s), to the extent this is not prohibited under the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) and applicable law. In addition, we reserve the right to nominate substitute person(s) if the Company makes or announces any changes to its Bylaws or takes or announces any other action that has, or if consummated would have, the effect of disqualifying any Nominee, to the extent this is not prohibited under the Bylaws and applicable law. In any such case, shares of Common Stock represented by the enclosed GOLD proxy card will be voted for such substitute nominee(s). We reserve the right to nominate additional person(s), to the extent this is not prohibited under the Bylaws and applicable law, if the Company increases the size of the Board above its existing size or increases the number of directors whose terms expire at the Annual Meeting. Additional nominations made pursuant to the preceding sentence are without prejudice to the position of RiverNorth that any attempt to increase the size of the current Board or to reconstitute or reconfigure the classes on which the current directors serve constitutes an unlawful manipulation of the Company’s corporate machinery.
WE URGE YOU TO VOTE “FOR” THE ELECTION OF THE NOMINEES ON THE ENCLOSED GOLD PROXY CARD.
PROPOSAL NO. 2
TO APPROVE RIVERNORTH’S PROPOSAL TO TERMINATE THE INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT
After years of underperformance by the Company and the External Manager, RiverNorth believes that it is in the best interest of the Company’s stockholders to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement. RiverNorth is seeking stockholder approval to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement in accordance with the provisions of Section 9 thereof. Under Section 9 of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice, by the vote of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Company. For these purposes, the vote of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Company means the vote, at the Annual Meeting, of (i) sixty-seven percent (67%) or more of shares of the Common Stock present at such meeting, if the stockholders of more than fifty-percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than fifty-percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company, whichever is the less. The Investment Act provides a temporary exemption to the approval requirements of an investment advisory agreement, in the event that a prior advisory contract is terminated, which allows the Board (including a majority of the independent directors) to approve an interim investment advisory contract. Such an interim contract is required to be approved within ten (10) business days after the termination of the prior advisory contract becomes effective, with the compensation received under the interim contract to be no greater than the compensation that the adviser would have received under the previous contract. The Board would then have one hundred and fifty (150) days to obtain stockholder approval for that new investment advisory contact. If the Binding Termination Proposal is approved, the Board will be able to seek a new external manager that can help put the Company on the right path for the maximization of stockholder value.
We believe that both in the short and long term, the Company and its stockholders will benefit from the termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement and replacement of the current external manager. However, such a termination could result in certain consequences that could adversely impact the Company. These consequences include, but may not be limited to,
| · | an event of default and acceleration of payments under each of (i) the Loan and Servicing Agreement among the Company, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (as administrative agent) and certain lenders party thereto, and (ii) the Amended and Restated Senior Secured Revolving Credit Agreement (together with the Loan and Servicing Agreement, the “Loan Agreements”) among the Company and ING Capital LLC (as administrative agent) and certain lenders party thereto; |
| · | the potential finding by the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) (which regulates the Company’s two (2) small business investment company licensed wholly-owned subsidiaries) of non-SBA approved “changes of control,” possibly resulting in the SBA accelerating outstanding debenture payments of such subsidiaries, prohibiting such subsidiaries from using debentures or making new investments; and |
| · | the termination of the Company’s non-exclusive, royalty free license to use the name “Fifth Street” and the incurrence of expenses related to the subsequent name change and rebranding efforts. |
Despite these potential adverse consequences of terminating the Investment Advisory Agreement, RiverNorth remains confident, in the event of any such termination, that the Company will be able to (i) work with its lenders to obtain waivers in connection with the Loan Agreements, (ii) work with the SBA to obtain its approval or waiver relating to any potential “change of control” finding and (iii) change the Company’s name.
The specific reasons and rational for termination of the Investment Advisory Agreement are as set forth above in the section entitled “Reasons for the Solicitation.”
PROPOSAL:
RESOLVED, that the stockholders of the Company hereby approve the termination of the Second Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, dated as of May 2, 2011, by and between Fifth Street Finance Corp. and Fifth Street Management LLC, in accordance with the provisions of Section 9 thereof.
WE URGE YOU TO VOTE “FOR” OUR PROPOSAL TO TERMINATE THE INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT ON THE ENCLOSED GOLD PROXY CARD.
PROPOSAL NO. 3
RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT OF PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP AS THE COMPANY’S INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE 2016 FISCAL YEAR
As discussed in further detail in the Company’s proxy statement, the Audit Committee of the Board has selected PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to serve as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2016, and is seeking stockholder ratification of such selection.
According to the Company’s proxy statement, the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy is required to approve this proposal.
WE URGE YOU TO VOTE FOR THE RATIFICATION OF THE SELECTION OF PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP AS THE COMPANY’S INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR FISCAL 2016 ON THE ENCLOSED GOLD PROXY CARD.
Only stockholders of record on the Record Date will be entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting. Stockholders who sell their shares of Common Stock before the Record Date (or acquire them without voting rights after the Record Date) may not vote such shares of Common Stock. Stockholders of record on the Record Date will retain their voting rights in connection with the Annual Meeting even if they sell such shares of Common Stock after the Record Date. Based on publicly available information, RiverNorth believes that the only outstanding class of securities of the Company entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting is the shares of Common Stock.
Shares of Common Stock represented by properly executed GOLD proxy cards will be voted at the Annual Meeting as marked and, in the absence of specific instructions, will be voted FOR the election of the Nominees, FOR approval of RiverNorth’s proposal to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement, and FOR the ratification of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the 2016 fiscal year, as described herein.
In connection with the proposal to elect directors at the Annual Meeting, this Proxy Statement is soliciting proxies to elect only our (3) three Nominees. Accordingly, the enclosed GOLD proxy card may only be voted for the Nominees and does not confer voting power with respect to the Company’s nominees. RiverNorth intends to vote all of the RiverNorth Group Voting Shares in favor of the Nominees. RiverNorth also intends to vote all of the RiverNorth Group Voting Shares in favor of the Binding Termination Proposal.
QUORUM; BROKER NON-VOTES; DISCRETIONARY VOTING
A quorum is the minimum number of shares of Common Stock that must be represented at a duly called meeting in person or by proxy in order to legally conduct business at the meeting. For the Annual Meeting, the presence, in person or by proxy, of a majority of the shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the Record Date will constitute a quorum of the Company.
Abstentions will be treated as shares present for purposes of determining a quorum. Shares represented by “broker non-votes” also will be treated as shares present for purposes of determining a quorum. However, if you hold your shares in street name and do not provide voting instructions to your broker, your shares will not be voted on any proposal on which your broker does not have discretionary authority to vote (a “broker non-vote”). Under rules of NASDAQ, your broker will not have discretionary authority to vote your shares at the Annual Meeting on any of the proposals.
If you are a stockholder of record, you must deliver your vote by mail, attend the Annual Meeting in person and vote, vote by Internet or vote by telephone in order to be counted in the determination of a quorum.
If you are a beneficial owner, your broker will vote your shares pursuant to your instructions, and those shares will count in the determination of a quorum. Brokers do not have discretionary authority to vote on any of the proposals at the Annual Meeting. Accordingly, unless you vote via proxy card or provide instructions to your broker, your shares of Common Stock will count for purposes of attaining a quorum, but will not be voted on those proposals.
VOTES REQUIRED FOR APPROVAL
Election of Directors ─ The Company has adopted a plurality vote standard for director elections. So, the three (3) nominees for director receiving the highest vote totals will be elected as directors of the Company. With respect to the election of directors, only votes cast “FOR” a nominee will be counted. Stockholders may not cumulate their votes. Proxy cards specifying that votes should be withheld with respect to one or more nominees will result in those nominees receiving fewer votes but will not count as a vote against any of the nominees. Neither an abstention nor a broker non-vote will count as a vote cast “FOR” or “AGAINST” a director nominee. Therefore, abstentions and broker non-votes will have no direct effect on the outcome of the election of directors.
Approval of RiverNorth’s proposal to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement─ In accordance with Section 9 of the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Investment Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, upon sixty (60) days’ written notice, by the vote of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Company. For these purposes, the vote of a “majority” of the outstanding voting securities of the Company means the vote, at the Annual Meeting, of (i) sixty-seven percent (67%) or more of shares of the Common Stock present at such meeting, if the stockholders of more than fifty-percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company are present or represented by proxy; or (ii) more than fifty-percent (50%) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company, whichever is the less. The Investment Act provides a temporary exemption to the approval requirements of an investment advisory agreement, in the event that a prior advisory contract is terminated, which allows the Board (including a majority of the independent directors) to approve an interim investment advisory contract. Such an interim contract is required to be approved within ten (10) business days after the termination of the prior advisory contract becomes effective. The Board would then have one hundred and fifty (150) days to obtain stockholder approval for that new investment advisory contact. Neither an abstention nor a broker non-vote will count as a vote cast “FOR” or “AGAINST” the proposal to terminate the Investment Advisory Agreement. Therefore, abstentions and broker non-votes will have no direct effect on the outcome of RiverNorth’s proposal.
Ratification of independent registered public accounting firm─ According to the Company’s proxy statement, the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to serve as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm will be deemed to have been ratified by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Company’s votes cast at the Annual Meeting (i.e., the number of shares voted “FOR” the ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP exceeds the number of votes “AGAINST” the ratification of the appointment of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP). Neither an abstention nor a broker non-vote will count as a vote cast “FOR” or “AGAINST” the ratification of the selection of the Company’s registered independent public accounting firm.
REVOCATION OF PROXIES
Stockholders of the Company may revoke their proxies at any time prior to exercise by attending the Annual Meeting and voting in person (although attendance at the Annual Meeting will not in and of itself constitute revocation of a proxy) or by delivering a written notice of revocation. The delivery of a subsequently dated proxy which is properly completed will constitute a revocation of any earlier proxy. The revocation may be delivered either to RiverNorth in care of Okapi Partners at the address set forth on the back cover of this Proxy Statement or to the Company at 777 West Putnam Avenue, 3rd Floor, Greenwich, Connecticut, or any other address provided by the Company. Although a revocation is effective if delivered to the Company, we request that either the original or photostatic copies of all revocations be mailed to RiverNorth in care of Okapi Partners at the address set forth on the back cover of this Proxy Statement so that we will be aware of all revocations and can more accurately determine if and when proxies have been received from the holders of record on the Record Date of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. Additionally, Okapi Partners may use this information to contact stockholders who have revoked their proxies in order to solicit later dated proxies for the election of the Nominees.
IF YOU WISH TO VOTE FOR THE ELECTION OF THE NOMINEES TO THE BOARD AND FOR OUR PROPOSAL TO TERMINATE THE INVESTMENT ADVISORY AGREEMENT, PLEASE SIGN, DATE AND RETURN PROMPTLY THE ENCLOSED GOLD PROXY CARD IN THE POSTAGE-PAID ENVELOPE PROVIDED.
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
The solicitation of proxies pursuant to this Proxy Statement is being made by RiverNorth. Proxies may be solicited by mail, facsimile, telephone, telegraph, Internet, in person and by advertisements.
RiverNorth has entered into an agreement with Okapi Partners for solicitation and advisory services in connection with this solicitation, for which Okapi Partners will receive a fee not to exceed $[_________], together with reimbursement for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, and will be indemnified against certain liabilities and expenses, including certain liabilities under the federal securities laws. Okapi Partners will solicit proxies from individuals, brokers, banks, bank nominees and other institutional holders. RiverNorth has requested banks, brokerage houses and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries to forward all solicitation materials to the beneficial owners of the shares of Common Stock they hold of record. RiverNorth will reimburse these record holders for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in so doing. It is anticipated that Okapi Partners will employ approximately [___] persons to solicit stockholders for the Annual Meeting.
The entire expense of soliciting proxies is being borne by RiverNorth. Costs of this solicitation of proxies are currently estimated to be approximately $[__________]. RiverNorth estimates that through the date hereof its expenses in connection with this solicitation are approximately $[_________]. RiverNorth intends to seek reimbursement from the Company of all expenses it incurs in connection with this solicitation. RiverNorth does not intend to submit the question of such reimbursement to a vote of security holders of the Company.
ADDITIONAL PARTICIPANT INFORMATION
The Nominees and the members of RiverNorth are participants in this solicitation.
The principal business of each of RNCP, a Delaware limited partnership, and RNIP, a Delaware limited partnership, is investing in securities and engaging in all related activities and transactions. Each of RNCO, a series of RiverNorth Funds, which is an Ohio Business trust, and RNSI, also a series of RiverNorth Funds, which is an Ohio business trust, is a mutual fund that was formed for the purpose of investing in equity, fixed income and short-term securities. The principal business of RiverNorth Management, a majority-owned subsidiary of RiverNorth Financial Holdings LLC, is providing discretionary investment management services. RiverNorth Management is the general partner of, and serves as the investment adviser to, RNCP and RNIP; and RiverNorth Management serves as the investment advisor for RNCO and RNSI.
The address of the principal office of each of RiverNorth Management, RNCP, RNIP, RNCO, and RNSI is 325 N. LaSalle St., Suite 645, Chicago, Illinois 60654.
As of the date hereof, RNCP beneficially owns directly 3,622,862 shares of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, RNIP beneficially owns directly 4,458,887 shares of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, RNCO possesses economic exposure to an aggregate of 1,043,000 shares of Common Stock (representing approximately less than one percent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares) due to certain cash-settled total return swap agreements. As of the date hereof, RNSI possesses economic exposure to an aggregate of 1,103,373 shares of Common Stock (representing approximately less than one percent (1%) of the issued and outstanding shares) due to certain cash-settled total return swap agreements. As of the date hereof, RiverNorth Management (i) as the general partner of RNCP, may be deemed the beneficial owner of the 3,622,862 shares of Common Stock owned by RNCP, (ii) as the general partner of RNIP, may be deemed the beneficial owner of the 4,458,887 shares of Common Stock owned by RNIP, (iii) as the investment advisor of RNCO, may be deemed to have economic exposure to the 1,043,000 shares of Common Stock that RNCO also has economic exposure, and (iv) as the investment advisor of RNSI, may be deemed to have economic exposure to the 1,103,373 shares of Common Stock that RNSI also has economic exposure.
Each Participant in this solicitation, as a member of the Group with the other Participants for the purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, may be deemed to beneficially own the 10,533,426 shares of Common Stock, including economic exposure to an aggregate of 2,146,373 shares (representing approximately 1.4% of the outstanding shares) due to certain cash-settled total return swap agreements. Each Participant in this solicitation disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of Common Stock he or it does not directly own. For information regarding purchases and sales of securities of the Company during the past two (2) years by the Participants in this solicitation, see Schedule I.
The shares of Common Stock purchased by each of RNCP, RNIP, RNCO and RNSI were purchased with working capital (which may, at any given time, include margin loans made by brokerage firms in the ordinary course of business). The shares of Common Stock directly owned by the Nominees were purchased with personal funds (which may, at any given time, include margin loans made by brokerage firms in the ordinary course of business).
Except as set forth in this Proxy Statement (including the Schedules hereto), (i) during the past ten (10) years, no Participant in this solicitation has been convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors); (ii) no Participant in this solicitation directly or indirectly beneficially owns any securities of the Company; (iii) no Participant in this solicitation owns any securities of the Company which are owned of record but not beneficially; (iv) no Participant in this solicitation has purchased or sold any securities of the Company during the past two (2) years; (v) no part of the purchase price or market value of the securities of the Company owned by any Participant in this solicitation is represented by funds borrowed or otherwise obtained for the purpose of acquiring or holding such securities; (vi) no Participant in this solicitation is, or within the past year was, a party to any contract, arrangements or understandings with any person with respect to any securities of the Company, including, but not limited to, joint ventures, loan or option arrangements, puts or calls, guarantees against loss or guarantees of profit, division of losses or profits, or the giving or withholding of proxies; (vii) no associate of any Participant in this solicitation owns beneficially, directly or indirectly, any securities of the Company; (viii) no Participant in this solicitation owns beneficially, directly or indirectly, any securities of any parent or subsidiary of the Company; (ix) no Participant in this solicitation or any of his or its associates was a party to any transaction, or series of similar transactions, since the beginning of the Company’s last fiscal year, or is a party to any currently proposed transaction, or series of similar transactions, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries was or is to be a party, in which the amount involved exceeds $120,000; (x) no Participant in this solicitation or any of his or its associates has any arrangement or understanding with any person with respect to any future employment by the Company or its affiliates, or with respect to any future transactions to which the Company or any of its affiliates will or may be a party; and (xi) no Participant in this solicitation has a substantial interest, direct or indirect, by securities holdings or otherwise, in any matter to be acted on at the Annual Meeting.
There are no material proceedings to which any Participant in this solicitation or any of his or its associates is a party adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or has a material interest adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries. With respect to each Nominee, none of the events enumerated in Item 401(f)(1)-(8) of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act occurred during the past ten (10) years.
OTHER MATTERS AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
RiverNorth is unaware of any other matters to be considered at the Annual Meeting. However, should other matters, which RiverNorth is not aware of at a reasonable time before this solicitation, be brought before the Annual Meeting, the persons named as proxies on the enclosed GOLD proxy card will vote on such matters in their discretion.
STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
According to the Company’s proxy statement for the Annual Meeting, proposals of stockholders intended to be presented at the 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2017 Annual Meeting”) must, in order to be included in the Company’s proxy statement and the form of proxy for the 2017 Annual Meeting, be submitted to the Company’s Corporate Secretary at 777 West Putnam Avenue, 3rd Floor, Greenwich, CT 06830, no later than [________ __], 2017.
In addition, according to the Company’ proxy statement for the Annual Meeting, any stockholder intending to present any proposal (other than a proposal made by, or at the direction of, the Board) at the 2017 Annual Meeting, must give written notice of that proposal to the Company’s Corporate Secretary at 777 West Putnam Avenue, 3rd Floor, Greenwich, CT 06830, no later than [________ __], 2016 and include in such notice the specific information required under the Bylaws.
The information set forth above regarding the procedures for submitting stockholder proposals for consideration at the 2017 Annual Meeting is based on information contained in the Company’s proxy statement. The incorporation of this information in this proxy statement should not be construed as an admission by RiverNorth that such procedures are legal, valid or binding.
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
WE HAVE OMITTED FROM THIS PROXY STATEMENT CERTAIN DISCLOSURE REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT IS EXPECTED TO BE INCLUDED IN THE COMPANY’S PROXY STATEMENT RELATING TO THE ANNUAL MEETING. THIS DISCLOSURE IS EXPECTED TO INCLUDE, AMONG OTHER THINGS, CURRENT BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY’S DIRECTORS, INFORMATION CONCERNING EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION, AND OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION. SEE SCHEDULE II FOR INFORMATION REGARDING PERSONS WHO BENEFICIALLY OWN MORE THAN FIVE-PERCENT (5%) OF THE SHARES AND THE OWNERSHIP OF THE SHARES BY THE DIRECTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY.
The information concerning the Company contained in this Proxy Statement and the Schedules attached hereto has been taken from, or is based upon, publicly available information.