SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
Principles of Consolidation | Principles of Consolidation |
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The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Colonial Financial Services, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary, Colonial Bank, FSB and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Cohansey Bridge, LLC. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. |
Use Of Estimates | Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the evaluation of other than temporary impairment of investment securities and the valuation of real estate owned and deferred tax assets. |
Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk | Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk |
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Most of the Bank’s activities are with customers located within Southern New Jersey. Note 4 discusses the types of investment securities that the Bank invests in. Note 5 discuss the types of lending that the Bank engages in. The Bank does not have any significant concentrations to any one industry or customer. Although the Bank has a diversified portfolio, its debtors’ ability to honor their contracts is influenced by the region’s economy. |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and amounts due from banks. |
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The Company and the Bank maintain cash deposits in other depository institutions that occasionally exceed the amount of deposit insurance available. Management periodically assesses the financial condition of these institutions and believes that the risk of any possible credit loss is minimal. |
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The Bank is required to maintain average reserve balances in vault cash and with the Federal Home Loan Bank based upon outstanding balances of deposit transaction accounts. No reserve balance was required at December 31, 2014 and 2013. |
Investment Securities | Investment Securities |
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Securities that management has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity are classified as held to maturity and are carried at their remaining unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized premiums, or unaccreted discounts. Premiums are amortized and discounts are accreted using a method which produces results which approximate the interest method over the estimated remaining term of the underlying security. |
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Securities that will be held for indefinite periods of time, including securities that may be sold in response to changes in market interest or prepayment rates, needs for liquidity and changes in the availability of and the yield of alternative investments are classified as available for sale. These securities are carried at estimated fair value, which is determined using published quotes where available. If published quotes are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments. Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and are reported net of tax in other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains and losses are included in the statements of operations and are determined based on the adjusted cost of the specific security sold. |
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Management determines the appropriate classification of debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each statement of financial condition date. |
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Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, and (3) whether or not the Company intends to sell or expects that it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to an anticipated recovery in fair value. Once a decline in value for a debt security is determined to be other-than-temporary, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated in (a) the amount of total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of other-than-temporary impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). For equity securities, the full amount of the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings. |
Loans Receivable | Loans Receivable |
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The Bank grants mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans throughout the counties of Cumberland and Gloucester of New Jersey. The ability of the Bank’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon the real estate and general economic conditions in this area. |
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Loans receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of an allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans. The Company is generally amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the loan. Premiums and discounts on purchased loans are amortized as adjustments to interest income using the effective yield method. |
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The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into commercial and consumer loans. Commercial loans consist of the following classes: multi-family, commercial real estate, construction and land and commercial non-real estate. Consumer loans consist of the following classes: 1-4 family, home equity loans and credit lines and other consumer loans. |
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For all classes of loans receivable, the accrual of interest is discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income is reversed. Interest received on nonaccrual loans, including impaired loans, generally is either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time (generally six months) and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. The past due status of all classes of loans receivable is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments. |
Allowance for Loan Losses | Allowance for Loan Losses |
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The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the statement of financial condition date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The allowance for credit losses is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely. Non-residential real estate consumer loans are generally charged off no later than 120 days past due on a contractual basis, earlier in the event of bankruptcy, or if there is an amount deemed uncollectible. Because all identified losses are immediately charged off, no portion of the allowance for loan losses is restricted to any individual loan or groups of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb any and all loan losses. |
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The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the Company’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. |
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The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans. These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include: |
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| ● | Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices. |
| ● | National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans. |
| ● | Nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans. |
| ● | Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff. |
| ● | Volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans as well as other loan modifications. |
| ● | Quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s Board of Directors. |
| ● | Existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations. |
| ● | Effect of external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements. |
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Each factor is assigned a value to reflect improving, stable or declining conditions based on management’s best judgment using relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. Adjustments to the factors are supported through documentation of changes in conditions in a narrative accompanying the allowance for loan loss calculation. |
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One-to four-family real estate loans involve certain risks such as interest rate risk and risk of non repayment. Adjustable-rate single family real estate loans pose interest rate risk to the Bank that is associated with changes in interest rates but involve other risks, primarily because as interest rates rise, the payment by the borrower rises to the extent permitted by the terms of the loan, thereby increasing the potential of default. At the same time, the marketability of the underlying property may be adversely affected by higher interest rates. Repayment risk can be affected by job loss, divorce, illness, personal bankruptcy of the borrower and regional or local economic conditions. |
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Multi-family and commercial real estate lending entails significant risks. Such loans typically involve large loan balances to single borrowers or group of borrowers. The payment experience on such loans is typically dependent on the successful operation of the real estate project. The success of such projects is sensitive to changes in supply and demand conditions in the market for multi-family and commercial real estate as well as economic conditions. |
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Construction lending is generally considered higher risk. A construction loan can involve additional risks because of the inherent difficulty in estimating both a property’s value at completion of the project and the estimated cost (including interest) in the project. |
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Commercial business lending is generally considered higher risk than commercial real estate lending. Commercial business loans are primarily secured by inventories and non-real estate assets. In most cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted commercial business loan will not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance. |
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Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than other lending but generally involve more credit risk because of the type and nature of the collateral and, in certain cases, the absence of collateral. In addition, consumer lending collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be adversely effected by job loss, divorce, illness and personal bankruptcy. In most cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan will most likely not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan. |
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An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. |
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A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial non-real estate loans, commercial real estate loans and construction and land loans. The fair value of impaired collateral dependent loans is estimated using an appraisal of the collateral less estimated liquidation expenses or discounted cash flows for non-collateral dependent loans. Those impaired loans not requiring a write-down represent loans for which the fair value of the collateral or expected repayments exceeds the recorded investment in such loans. Impaired loans are charged-off or an allowance is established to the estimated fair value if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. |
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For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property. |
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For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable agings or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets. |
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Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual residential mortgage loans, home equity loans and other consumer loans for impairment, unless such loans are the subject of a troubled debt restructuring agreement. |
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Loans whose terms are modified are classified as troubled debt restructurings if the Company grants such borrowers concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions granted under a troubled debt restructuring generally involve a temporary reduction in interest rate or an extension of a loan’s stated maturity date. Non-accrual troubled debt restructurings are restored to accrual status if principal and interest payments, under the modified terms, are current for six consecutive months after modification. Loans classified as troubled debt restructurings are designated as impaired. |
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The allowance calculation methodology includes further segregation of loan classes into risk rating categories. The borrower’s overall financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors and value of collateral, if appropriate, are evaluated annually for commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial and consumer loans. Credit quality risk ratings include regulatory classifications of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. Loan classified as watch exhibit some of the following traits: policy exceptions, documentation concerns, lack of financial statements or declining financial ratios, or pay slowly but never delinquent more than 30 days. At the time of the classification no loss is expected. Loans classified special mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects. Loans classified substandard have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They include loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified substandard with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. Loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectible and are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Loans not classified are rated pass. |
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In addition, Federal regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, which may not be currently available to management. Based on management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan portfolio, management believes the current level of the allowance for loan losses is adequate. |
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock | Federal Home Loan Bank Stock |
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Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB”) Stock, which represents required investment in the common stock of a correspondent bank, is carried at cost. |
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The Company evaluates the FHLB stock for impairment. Management’s determination of whether this investment is impaired is based on its assessment of the ultimate recoverability of the cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of the cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time the decline has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the FHLB. |
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Management believes no impairment charge is necessary related to the FHLB stock at December 31, 2014 and 2013. |
Real Estate Owned | Real Estate Owned |
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Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in non-interest expense on the consolidated statement of operations. Also included in real estate owned are properties originally acquired by the Bank for future expansion. |
Office Properties and Equipment | Office Properties and Equipment |
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Office properties and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives of the related assets. |
Transfers of Financial Assets | Transfers of Financial Assets |
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Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Bank, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Bank does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. |
Bank-Owned Life Insurance | Bank-Owned Life Insurance |
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The Bank invests in bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) as a source of funding for employee benefit expenses. BOLI involves the purchasing of life insurance by the Bank on a chosen group of employees and directors. The Bank is the owner of the policies and shares proceeds of the policies in a split dollar arrangement with the beneficiary of the insured employee or director. The amount of the split dollar arrangement is equal to three times the annual base salary of the insured at the time of his or her death less $50,000 for employees and $250,000 for directors. This life insurance investment is carried at the cash surrender value of the underlying policies. Income from the increase in cash surrender value of the policies is included in non-interest income on the consolidated statements of operations. |
Advertising Costs | Advertising Costs |
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The Bank follows the policy of charging the costs of advertising to expense as incurred. |
Stock Compensation Plans | Stock Compensation Plans |
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Stock compensation accounting guidance requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the grant date fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. The stock compensation accounting guidance requires that compensation cost for all stock awards be calculated and recognized over the employees’ service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded-vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. For performance based awards, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period if the goal is attained. A black-sholes model is used to estimate the fair value of stock options, while the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant is used for restricted stock awards. |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes |
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Income tax accounting guidance results in two components of income tax expense (benefit): current and deferred. Current income tax expense (benefit) reflects taxes to be paid or refunded for the current period by applying the provisions of the enacted tax law to the taxable income or excess of deductions over revenues. The Company determines deferred income taxes using the liability (or balance sheet) method. Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is based on the tax effects of the differences between the book and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and enacted changes in tax rates and laws are recognized in the period in which they occur. |
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Deferred income tax expense (benefit) results from changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities between periods. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of the evidence available, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. |
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The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions if it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the tax position will be realized or sustained upon examination. The term more likely than not means a likelihood of more than 50 percent; the terms examined and upon examination also include resolution of the related appeals or litigation processes, if any. A tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The determination of whether or not a tax position has met the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold considers the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date and is subject to management’s judgment. |
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The Company recognizes interest and penalties on income taxes, if any, as a component of the provision for income taxes. In general, the Company remains open to examination for tax years 2011 and after for federal and for tax years after 2012 for state. |
Earnings Per Share | Earnings Per Share |
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Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock, such as unvested restricted stock awards and outstanding stock options, were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of the Company. Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares on common stock outstanding to include the effect of contracts or securities exercisable or which could be converted into common stock, if dilutive, using the treasury stock method. |
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments | Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments |
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In the ordinary course of business, the Bank has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the statements of financial condition when they are funded. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
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In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU, 2014-14, “Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, Classification of Certain Government-guaranteed Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure.” The amendments in this update require that a mortgage loan be derecognized and that a separate other receivable be recognized upon foreclosure if the following conditions are met: 1) the loan has a government guarantee that is not separable from the loan before foreclosure; 2) at the time of foreclosure, the creditor has the intent to convey the real estate property to the guarantor and make a claim on the guarantee, and the creditor has the ability to recover under that claim; 3) at the time of foreclosure, any amount of the claim that is determined on the basis of the fair value of the real estate is fixed. Upon foreclosure, the separate other receivable should be measured based on the amount of the loan balance (principal and interest) expected to be recovered from the guarantor. The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2014. The Company does not expect the adoption of this FASB ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU, 2014-12, “Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period”. The amendments require that a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the requisite service period be treated as a performance condition. A reporting entity should apply existing guidance in Topic 718 as it relates to awards with performance conditions that affect vesting to account for such awards. As such, the performance target should not be reflected in estimating the grant-date fair value of the award. Compensation cost should be recognized in the period in which it becomes probable that the performance target will be achieved and should represent the compensation cost attributable to the period(s) for which the requisite service has already been rendered. If the performance target becomes probable of being achieved before the end of the requisite service period, the remaining unrecognized compensation cost should be recognized prospectively over the remaining requisite service period. The total amount of compensation cost recognized during and after the requisite service period should reflect the number of awards that are expected to vest and should be adjusted to reflect those awards that ultimately vest. The requisite service period ends when the employee can cease rendering service and still be eligible to vest in the award if the performance target is achieved. As indicated in the definition of vest, the stated vesting period (which includes the period in which the performance target could be achieved) may differ from the requisite service period. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company does not expect the adoption of this FASB ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU, 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: |
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Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer. |
Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract. |
Step 3: Determine the transaction price. |
Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract. |
Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. |
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The Company does not expect the adoption of this FASB ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |
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In January 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-04 “Receivables-Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40.” The amendments in this update clarify that an in substance repossession or foreclosure occurs, and a creditor is considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan, upon either (1) the creditor obtaining legal title to the residential real estate property upon completion of a foreclosure or (2) the borrower conveying all interest in the residential real estate property to the creditor to satisfy that loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. Additionally, the amendments require interim and annual disclosure of both (1) the amount of foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor and (2) the recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction. The amendments in this Update are effective for annual period and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. The Company does not expect the adoption of this FASB ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. |