Loans Receivable and Allowance For Loan Losses | NOTE 3 - LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The composition of the loan portfolio was as follows at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: September 30, December 31, REAL ESTATE LOANS 2020 2019 Commercial $ 227,354 $ 210,749 Construction and development 191,933 179,654 Home equity 40,459 38,167 One-to-four-family (excludes loans held for sale) 300,863 261,539 Multi-family 130,243 133,931 Total real estate loans 890,852 824,040 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 276,693 254,691 Marine 84,650 67,179 Other consumer 3,465 4,340 Total consumer loans 364,808 326,210 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 224,276 140,531 Warehouse lending 39,482 61,112 Total commercial business loans 263,758 201,643 Total loans receivable, gross 1,519,418 1,351,893 Allowance for loan losses (24,799) (13,229) Deferred costs and fees, net (4,240) (3,273) Premiums on purchased loans, net 1,124 955 Total loans receivable, net $ 1,491,503 $ 1,336,346 Most of the Company’s commercial and multi-family real estate, construction, residential, and/or commercial business lending activities are with customers located in Western Washington and near the loan production office located in the Tri-Cities, Washington. The Company originates real estate, consumer, and commercial business loans and has concentrations in these areas, however, indirect home improvement loans, including solar-related home improvement loans, are originated through a network of home improvement contractors and dealers located throughout Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Colorado, Arizona, Minnesota and Nevada. Loans are generally secured by collateral and rights to collateral vary and are legally documented to the extent practicable. Local economic conditions may affect borrowers’ ability to meet the stated repayment terms. At September 30, 2020, the Bank held approximately $780.6 million in loans that qualify as collateral for FHLB advances, compared to approximately $646.1 million at December 31, 2019. The Bank held approximately $355.8 million in loans that qualify as collateral for the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRB”) line of credit at September 30, 2020, compared to approximately $318.8 million at December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020, the Bank held $74.1 million of loans originated under the U.S. Small Business Administration’s (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) which were pledged as collateral for non-recourse advances under the FRB’s Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (“PPPLF”). For additional information, see “Note 18 - COVID-19 Pandemic.” The Company has defined its loan portfolio into three segments that reflect the structure of the lending function, the Company’s strategic plan and the manner in which management monitors performance and credit quality. The three loan portfolio segments are: (a) Real Estate Loans, (b) Consumer Loans, and (c) Commercial Business Loans. Each of these segments is disaggregated into classes based on the risk characteristics of the borrower and/or the collateral type securing the loan. The following is a summary of each of the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes: Real Estate Loans Commercial Lending Construction and Development Lending Home Equity Lending One-to-Four-Family Real Estate Lending Multi-Family Lending Consumer Loans Indirect Home Improvement Marine Other Consumer. Commercial Business Loans Commercial and Industrial Lending (“C&I”) Warehouse Lending The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses by loan categories at or for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019: At or For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 11,912 $ 5,132 $ 4,248 $ 232 $ 21,524 Provision (recapture) for loan losses 907 1,891 335 (33) 3,100 Charge-offs — (196) (11) — (207) Recoveries — 254 128 — 382 Net recoveries — 58 117 — 175 Ending balance $ 12,819 $ 7,081 $ 4,700 $ 199 $ 24,799 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 15 $ 274 $ 1,057 $ — $ 1,346 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 12,804 6,807 3,643 199 23,453 Ending balance $ 12,819 $ 7,081 $ 4,700 $ 199 $ 24,799 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,456 $ 781 $ 4,324 $ — $ 7,561 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 888,396 364,027 259,434 — 1,511,857 Ending balance $ 890,852 $ 364,808 $ 263,758 $ — $ 1,519,418 At or For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 5,780 $ 3,575 $ 2,718 $ 267 $ 12,340 Provision (recapture) for loan losses 247 262 321 (257) 573 Charge-offs (5) (275) — — (280) Recoveries 11 121 — — 132 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 6 (154) — — (148) Ending balance $ 6,033 $ 3,683 $ 3,039 $ 10 $ 12,765 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 184 $ — $ — $ 184 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 6,033 3,499 3,039 10 12,581 Ending balance $ 6,033 $ 3,683 $ 3,039 $ 10 $ 12,765 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 882 $ 525 $ — $ — $ 1,407 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 818,103 317,409 189,276 — 1,324,788 Ending balance $ 818,985 $ 317,934 $ 189,276 $ — $ 1,326,195 At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 6,206 $ 3,766 $ 3,254 $ 3 $ 13,229 Provision for loan losses 6,595 3,606 1,038 196 11,435 Charge-offs — (869) (22) — (891) Recoveries 18 578 430 — 1,026 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 18 (291) 408 — 135 Ending balance $ 12,819 $ 7,081 $ 4,700 $ 199 $ 24,799 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 15 $ 274 $ 1,057 $ — $ 1,346 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 12,804 6,807 3,643 199 23,453 Ending balance $ 12,819 $ 7,081 $ 4,700 $ 199 $ 24,799 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,456 $ 781 $ 4,324 $ — $ 7,561 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 888,396 364,027 259,434 — 1,511,857 Ending balance $ 890,852 $ 364,808 $ 263,758 $ — $ 1,519,418 At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Commercial ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES Real Estate Consumer Business Unallocated Total Beginning balance $ 5,761 $ 3,351 $ 3,191 $ 46 $ 12,349 Provision (recapture) for loan losses 266 571 1,432 (36) 2,233 Charge-offs (5) (741) (1,584) — (2,330) Recoveries 11 502 — — 513 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 6 (239) (1,584) — (1,817) Ending balance $ 6,033 $ 3,683 $ 3,039 $ 10 $ 12,765 Period end amount allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 184 $ — $ — $ 184 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 6,033 3,499 3,039 10 12,581 Ending balance $ 6,033 $ 3,683 $ 3,039 $ 10 $ 12,765 LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 882 $ 525 $ — $ — $ 1,407 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 818,103 317,409 189,276 — 1,324,788 Ending balance $ 818,985 $ 317,934 $ 189,276 $ — $ 1,326,195 Non-accrual and Past Due Loans As a result of the negative impact on employment from the COVID-19 pandemic, we are anticipating higher levels of financial hardship for our customers, which we expect will lead to higher levels of forbearance, delinquency and defaults. We expect that, left unabated, this deterioration in forbearance, delinquency and default rates will persist until such time as the economy and employment return to relatively normal levels. We assist customers with an array of payment programs during periods of financial hardship, including forbearance. Forbearance allows a borrower to temporarily not make scheduled payments or to make smaller than scheduled payments, in each case for a specified period of time. Forbearance does not grant any reduction in the total principal or interest repayment obligation. While a loan is in forbearance status, interest continues to accrue and is repaid over a specified time period when the loan re-enters repayment status. As of September 30, 2020, the amount of loans remaining under payment/relief agreements included commercial real estate loans of $22.4 million, commercial business loans of $9.0 million, portfolio one-to-four-family loans of $3.3 million, and consumer loans of $280,000. These loans were classified as current and accruing interest as of September 30, 2020. These modifications were not classified as TDRs at September 30, 2020 in accordance with the CARES Act and related bank agency regulatory guidance. Loan modifications in accordance with the CARES Act and related banking agency regulatory guidance are still subject to an evaluation in regard to determining whether or not a loan is deemed to be impaired. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had no TDRs. The following tables provide information pertaining to the aging analysis of contractually past due loans and non-accrual loans at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: September 30, 2020 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual Commercial $ — $ 549 $ — $ 549 $ 226,805 $ 227,354 $ 1,087 Construction and development — — — — 191,933 191,933 — Home equity — — 219 219 40,240 40,459 636 One-to-four-family — 353 733 1,086 299,777 300,863 733 Multi-family — — — — 130,243 130,243 — Total real estate loans — 902 952 1,854 888,998 890,852 2,456 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 628 295 375 1,298 275,395 276,693 781 Marine 41 23 — 64 84,586 84,650 — Other consumer 20 65 — 85 3,380 3,465 — Total consumer loans 689 383 375 1,447 363,361 364,808 781 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — — — — 224,276 224,276 4,324 Warehouse lending — — — — 39,482 39,482 — Total commercial business loans — — — — 263,758 263,758 4,324 Total loans $ 689 $ 1,285 $ 1,327 $ 3,301 $ 1,516,117 $ 1,519,418 $ 7,561 December 31, 2019 30-59 60-89 Days Days 90 Days Total Total Past Past or More Past Loans Non- REAL ESTATE LOANS Due Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Accrual Commercial $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 210,749 $ 210,749 $ 1,086 Construction and development 533 — — 533 179,121 179,654 — Home equity 109 — 185 294 37,873 38,167 190 One-to-four-family 894 114 1,150 2,158 259,381 261,539 1,264 Multi-family — — — — 133,931 133,931 — Total real estate loans 1,536 114 1,335 2,985 821,055 824,040 2,540 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 692 227 147 1,066 253,625 254,691 468 Marine 15 — — 15 67,164 67,179 — Other consumer 71 2 20 93 4,247 4,340 25 Total consumer loans 778 229 167 1,174 325,036 326,210 493 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial — — — — 140,531 140,531 — Warehouse lending — — — — 61,112 61,112 — Total commercial business loans — — — — 201,643 201,643 — Total loans $ 2,314 $ 343 $ 1,502 $ 4,159 $ 1,347,734 $ 1,351,893 $ 3,033 There were no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest at September 30, 2020, or at December 31, 2019. The following tables provide additional information about our impaired loans that have been segregated to reflect loans for which an allowance for loan losses has been provided and loans for which no allowance was provided at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019: September 30, 2020 Unpaid WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Principal Recorded Related Real estate loans: Balance Investment Allowance Commercial $ 1,098 $ 1,087 $ — Home equity 687 636 — One-to-four-family 736 673 — 2,521 2,396 — WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 61 60 15 Consumer loans: Indirect 781 781 274 Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial 4,324 4,324 1,057 5,166 5,165 1,346 Total $ 7,687 $ 7,561 $ 1,346 December 31, 2019 Unpaid WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Principal Recorded Related Real estate loans: Balance Investment Allowance Commercial $ 1,097 $ 1,086 $ — Home equity 278 225 — One-to-four-family 1,293 1,264 — Consumer loans Other consumer 17 17 — 2,685 2,592 — WITH RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 61 60 15 Consumer loans: Indirect 468 468 164 Other consumer 8 8 3 537 536 182 Total $ 3,222 $ 3,128 $ 182 The following tables present the average recorded investment in loans individually evaluated for impairment and the interest income recognized and received for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019: At or For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 September 30, 2019 WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income Real estate loans: Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial $ 1,089 $ 14 $ — $ — Home equity 672 11 190 — One-to-four-family 733 10 1,339 25 2,494 35 1,529 25 WITH AN ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 60 — — — Consumer loans: Indirect 723 16 488 9 Marine — — 34 — Other consumer — — 9 — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial 4,310 — — — 5,093 16 531 9 Total $ 7,587 $ 51 $ 2,060 $ 34 At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 September 30, 2019 WITH NO RELATED ALLOWANCE RECORDED Average Recorded Interest Income Average Recorded Interest Income Real estate loans: Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial $ 1,088 $ 41 $ — $ — Home equity 434 22 210 — One-to-four-family 1,029 17 1,532 43 Consumer loans: Other consumer 4 — — — Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial — — 240 — 2,555 80 1,982 43 WITH AN ALLOWANCE RECORDED Real estate loans: One-to-four-family 60 — — — Consumer loans: Indirect 624 40 452 29 Marine 42 1 17 1 Other consumer — — 8 1 Commercial business loans: Commercial and industrial 1,910 162 128 7 2,636 203 605 38 Total $ 5,191 $ 283 $ 2,587 $ 81 Credit Quality Indicators As part of the Company’s on-going monitoring of credit quality of the loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (i) the risk grading of loans, (ii) the level of classified loans, (iii) net charge-offs, (iv) non-performing loans, and (v) the general economic conditions in the Company’s markets. The Company utilizes a risk grading matrix to assign a risk grade to its real estate and commercial business loans. Loans are graded on a scale of 1 to 10, with loans in risk grades 1 to 6 considered “Pass” and loans in risk grades 7 to 10 are reported as classified loans in the Company’s allowance for loan loss analysis. A description of the 10 risk grades is as follows: ● Grades 1 and 2 - These grades include loans to very high quality borrowers with excellent or desirable business credit. ● Grade 3 - This grade includes loans to borrowers of good business credit with moderate risk. ● Grades 4 and 5 - These grades include “Pass” grade loans to borrowers of average credit quality and risk. ● Grade 6 - This grade includes loans on management’s “Watch” list and is intended to be utilized on a temporary basis for “Pass” grade borrowers where frequent and thorough monitoring is required due to credit weaknesses and where significant risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near term. ● Grade 7 - This grade is for “Other Assets Especially Mentioned” (“OAEM”) in accordance with regulatory guidelines and includes borrowers where performance is poor or significantly less than expected. ● Grade 8 - This grade includes “Substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines which represent an unacceptable business credit where a loss is possible if loan weakness is not corrected. ● Grade 9 - This grade includes “Doubtful” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines where a loss is highly probable. ● Grade 10 - This grade includes “Loss” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines for which total loss is expected and when identified are charged off. Consumer, Home Equity, and One-to-Four-Family Real Estate Loans Homogeneous loans are risk rated based upon the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s Uniform Retail Credit Classification and Account Management Policy. Loans classified under this policy at the Company are consumer loans which include indirect home improvement, solar, marine, other consumer, and one-to-four-family first and second liens. Under the Uniform Retail Credit Classification Policy, loans that are current or less than 90 days past due are graded “Pass” and risk rated “4” or “5” internally. Loans that are past due more than 90 days are classified “Substandard” and risk rated “8” internally until the loan has demonstrated consistent performance, typically six months of contractual payments. Closed-end loans that are 120 days past due and open-end loans that are 180 days past due are charged off based on the value of the collateral less cost to sell. Management may more conservatively risk rate credits that may be paying as agreed. Commercial real estate, construction and development, multi-family and commercial business loans are evaluated individually for their risk classification and may be classified as “Substandard” even if current on their loan payment obligations. The following tables summarize risk rated loan balances by category at the dates indicated: September 30, 2020 Special Pass Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss REAL ESTATE LOANS (1 - 5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Commercial $ 144,013 $ 73,931 $ 6,440 $ 2,970 $ — $ — $ 227,354 Construction and development 187,815 2,268 1,850 — — — 191,933 Home equity 39,823 — — 636 — — 40,459 One-to-four-family 293,271 163 187 7,242 — — 300,863 Multi-family 130,243 — — — — — 130,243 Total real estate loans 795,165 76,362 8,477 10,848 — — 890,852 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 275,912 — — 781 — — 276,693 Marine 84,650 — — — — — 84,650 Other consumer 3,465 — — — — — 3,465 Total consumer loans 364,027 — — 781 — — 364,808 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 184,676 29,619 3,154 6,827 — — 224,276 Warehouse lending 39,482 — — — — — 39,482 Total commercial business loans 224,158 29,619 3,154 6,827 — — 263,758 Total loans receivable, gross $ 1,383,350 $ 105,981 $ 11,631 $ 18,456 $ — $ — $ 1,519,418 December 31, 2019 Special Pass Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss REAL ESTATE LOANS (1 - 5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Commercial $ 203,703 $ 2,274 $ 3,686 $ 1,086 $ — $ — $ 210,749 Construction and development 177,109 2,545 — — — — 179,654 Home equity 37,942 — 35 190 — — 38,167 One-to-four-family 259,580 635 60 1,264 — — 261,539 Multi-family 127,792 6,139 — — — — 133,931 Total real estate loans 806,126 11,593 3,781 2,540 — — 824,040 CONSUMER LOANS Indirect home improvement 254,223 — — 468 — — 254,691 Marine 67,179 — — — — — 67,179 Other consumer 4,315 — — 25 — — 4,340 Total consumer loans 325,717 — — 493 — — 326,210 COMMERCIAL BUSINESS LOANS Commercial and industrial 125,025 10,435 1,442 3,629 — — 140,531 Warehouse lending 61,112 — — — — — 61,112 Total commercial business loans 186,137 10,435 1,442 3,629 — — 201,643 Total loans receivable, gross $ 1,317,980 $ 22,028 $ 5,223 $ 6,662 $ — $ — $ 1,351,893 |