| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended |
| Dec. 31, 2014 |
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |
| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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| (a) Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation |
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| On November 4, 2011, Kinetic Concepts, Inc. (“KCI”) completed its merger (the “Merger”) with Chiron Merger Sub, Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a direct subsidiary of Chiron Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) and an indirect subsidiary of Acelity L.P. Inc. (“Acelity”), pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 12, 2011 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Holdings, Merger Sub and KCI. As a result of the Merger, KCI is a 100% owned subsidiary of Acelity. In connection with this transaction, LifeCell Corporation (“LifeCell”), formerly a 100% owned subsidiary of KCI, was promoted to be a sister corporation of KCI, such that each of KCI and LifeCell are now 100% owned subsidiaries of Acelity. Acelity is a non-operating holding company indirectly controlled by investment funds advised by Apax Partners (“Apax”) and controlled affiliates of Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (“CPPIB”) and the Public Sector Pension Investment Board (“PSP Investments” and with Apax and CPPIB, collectively, the “Sponsors”) and certain other co-investors. The consolidated financial statements presented herein include the accounts of Acelity L.P. Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Unless otherwise noted in this report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company” refers to Acelity L.P. Inc. and subsidiaries. The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP” or “the Codification”). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2014 presentation. |
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| Net earnings (loss) per share information is not presented as such information is not meaningful. Chiron Guernsey Holdings L.P. Inc. owns over 99% of the limited partnership interests of Acelity, while Acelity’s Managing Limited Partner owns less than 1% of the limited partnership interests. Chiron Guernsey GP Co. Limited owns all of the general partnership interests in Acelity and has no economic interest in Acelity. We do not have any publicly traded common stock or potential common stock. |
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| On November 8, 2012, KCI closed on the divestiture of its Therapeutic Support Systems (“TSS”) business to Getinge AB. Under the terms of the sale agreement, we agreed to provide transition services to Getinge AB after the close of the transaction. Additionally, the results of the operations subject to the agreement, excluding the allocation of general corporate overhead, are presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. Discontinued operations amounts related to TSS also exclude incremental expenses related to our transition services agreement with Getinge AB and the service fee payable by Getinge AB under the transition services agreement. |
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| On October 29, 2014, LifeCell entered into an agreement with Novadaq® Technologies Inc. (“Novadaq”) to transfer all marketing and distribution rights to the SPY® Elite System from LifeCell to Novadaq, effective November 30, 2014. In connection with the transfer, the parties agreed to terminate various distribution agreements entered into between 2010 and 2011. The results of the operations subject to the agreement, excluding the allocation of general corporate overhead, are presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. |
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| The Company has two reportable operating segments: Advanced Wound Therapeutics and Regenerative Medicine. We have two primary geographic regions: the Americas, which is comprised principally of the United States and includes Canada, Puerto Rico and Latin America; and EMEA/APAC, which is comprised of Europe, the Middle East, Africa and the Asia Pacific region. |
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| (b) Nature of Operations and Customer Concentration |
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| We are a leading global medical technology company devoted to the development and commercialization of innovative products and therapies designed to improve clinical outcomes while helping to reduce the overall cost of patient care. We have an infrastructure designed to meet the specific needs of medical professionals and patients across all healthcare settings, including acute care hospitals, long-term care facilities and patients’ homes. We are engaged in the rental and sale of our products throughout the United States and in over 75 countries worldwide through direct sales and indirect operations. Our primary businesses serve the advanced wound therapeutics and regenerative medicine markets. Our advanced devices business is primarily engaged in commercializing several technology platforms, including negative pressure wound therapy (“NPWT”), negative pressure surgical management (“NPSM”) and epidermal harvesting. Our advanced wound dressings are used for the management of chronic and acute wounds. Our regenerative medicine business is primarily focused on the development and commercialization of regenerative and reconstructive acellular tissue matrices for use in general and reconstructive surgical procedures to repair soft tissue defects. In addition to our acellular tissue matrices, our regenerative medicine business markets autologous fat grafting solutions, such as Revolve, which is complementary to our tissue matrix business. |
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| We have direct operations in over 25 countries and indirect operations in an additional 50 countries. We have two reportable operating segments which correspond to our two businesses: Advanced Wound Therapeutics and Regenerative Medicine. Our AWT business is conducted by KCI and its subsidiaries, including Systagenix, while our Regenerative Medicine business is conducted by LifeCell and its subsidiaries. As defined by the Codification, we have three reporting units: KCI, Regenerative Medicine and Systagenix. We have operations in two primary geographic regions: the Americas, which is comprised principally of the United States and includes Canada, Puerto Rico and Latin America; and EMEA/APAC, which is comprised of Europe, the Middle East, Africa and the Asia Pacific region. |
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| Operations for our Americas geographic region accounted for approximately 75.6%, 80.3%, and 80.9% of our total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In the U.S. acute and extended care settings, which accounted for approximately 58.5%, 60.8%, and 59.2% of our Americas revenue for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, we bill our customers directly for the rental and sale of our products. Also in the U.S. acute and extended care settings, we contract with both proprietary hospital groups and voluntary group purchasing organizations (“GPOs”). Proprietary hospital groups own all of the hospitals which they represent and, as a result, can ensure compliance with an executed national agreement. Voluntary GPOs negotiate contracts on behalf of member hospital organizations, but cannot ensure that their members will comply with the terms of an executed national agreement. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded approximately $106.7 million, $94.1 million, and $96.3 million, respectively, in Advanced Wound Therapeutics revenues under contracts with Novation, LLC, our largest single GPO relationship. |
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| In the U.S. home care setting, where our revenue comes predominantly from our NPWT products, we provide products and services to patients in the home and bill third-party payers directly, such as Medicare and private insurance. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we recorded revenue related to Medicare claims of approximately $120.6 million, $142.5 million, and $167.1 million, respectively. |
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| In the EMEA/APAC region, most of our Advanced Wound Therapeutics revenue is generated in the acute care setting on a direct billing basis. |
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| (c) Use of Estimates |
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| The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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| (d) Revenue Recognition |
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| We recognize revenue in accordance with the “Revenue Recognition” Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification when each of the following four criteria are met: |
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| 1) | a contract or sales arrangement exists; | | | | |
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| 2) | products have been shipped, title has transferred or services have been rendered; | | | | |
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| 3) | the price of the products or services is fixed or determinable; and | | | | |
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| 4) | collectibility is reasonably assured. | | | | |
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| We recognize rental revenue based on the number of days a product is used by the patient/organization, (i) at the contracted rental rate for contracted customers and (ii) generally, retail price for non-contracted customers. Sales revenue is recognized when products are shipped and title has transferred. In addition, we establish realization reserves against revenue to provide for adjustments including capitation agreements, estimated credit memos, volume discounts, pricing adjustments, utilization adjustments, product returns, cancellations, estimated uncollectible amounts and payer adjustments based on historical experience. In addition, revenue is recognized net of administrative fees paid to GPOs and state sales tax paid on post-acute rentals and sales. |
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| (e) Cash and Cash Equivalents |
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| We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of ninety days or less to be cash equivalents. We maintain cash and cash equivalents with several financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. These deposits bear minimal credit risk as they are maintained at financial institutions of reputable credit and generally may be redeemed upon demand. |
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| (f) Accounts Receivable |
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| The Americas trade accounts receivable consist of amounts due directly from acute and extended care organizations, third-party payers (“TPP”), both governmental and non-governmental, third-party distributors and patient pay accounts. Included within the TPP accounts receivable balances are amounts that have been or will be billed to patients once the primary payer portion of the claim has been settled by the TPP. EMEA/APAC trade accounts receivable consist of amounts due primarily from acute care organizations and third-party distributors. |
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| Significant concentrations of accounts receivable include: |
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| 2014 | | 2013 |
| Acute and extended care organizations | 51 | % | | 53 | % |
| Managed care, insurance and other | 28 | % | | 28 | % |
| Medicare/Medicaid | 10 | % | | 9 | % |
| Other | 11 | % | | 10 | % |
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| The TPP reimbursement process in the United States requires extensive documentation, which has had the effect of slowing both the billing and cash collection cycles relative to the rest of the business, and therefore, could increase total accounts receivable. Because of the extensive documentation required and the requirement to settle a claim with the primary payer prior to billing the secondary and/or patient portion of the claim, the collection period for a claim in our home care business may, in some cases, extend beyond one year prior to full settlement of the claim. |
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| We utilize a combination of factors in evaluating the collectibility of our accounts receivable. For unbilled receivables, we establish reserves to allow for expected denied or uncollectible items. In addition, items that remain unbilled for more than a specified period of time, or beyond an established billing window, are reserved against revenue. For billed receivables, we generally establish reserves using a combination of factors including historic adjustment rates for credit memos and canceled transactions, historical collection experience, and the length of time receivables have been outstanding. The reserve rates vary by payer group. In addition, we record specific reserves for bad debt when we become aware of a customer’s inability or refusal to satisfy its debt obligations, such as in the event of a bankruptcy filing. |
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| (g) Inventories |
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| Advanced Wound Therapeutics inventories |
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| Prior to the completion of the Merger on November 4, 2011, inventories were stated at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value), with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. On November 4, 2011, inventories were recorded at fair value with the application of preliminary purchase accounting adjustments, with subsequent additions to inventory recorded at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value), with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. On October 28, 2013, inventories purchased as part of our acquisition of Systagenix were recorded at fair value with the application of purchase accounting adjustments, with subsequent additions to inventory recorded at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value), with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Costs include material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs. Inventory expected to be converted into equipment for short-term rental is reclassified to property, plant and equipment. We review our inventory balances monthly for excess sale products or obsolete inventory levels. Inventory quantities of sale-only products in excess of anticipated demand are considered excess and are reserved at 100%. For rental products, we review both product usage and product life cycle to classify inventory as active, discontinued or obsolete. Obsolescence reserve balances are established on an increasing basis from 0% for active, high-demand products to 100% for obsolete products. The reserve is reviewed and, if necessary, adjustments are made on a monthly basis. We rely on historical information and production planning forecasts to support our reserve and utilize management’s business judgment for “high risk” items, such as products that have a fixed shelf life. Once the value of inventory is reduced, we do not adjust the reserve balance until the inventory is sold or otherwise disposed. |
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| Regenerative Medicine inventories |
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| Prior to the completion of the Merger on November 4, 2011, inventories were stated at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value), with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. On November 4, 2011, inventories were recorded at fair value with the application of preliminary purchase accounting adjustments, with subsequent additions to inventory recorded at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value), with cost being determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Inventories on hand include the cost of materials, freight, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. We record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on inventory quantities on hand, the historical product sales and estimated forecast of future product demand and production requirements. In addition, we record a provision for tissue that will not meet tissue standards based on historic rejection rates. |
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| (h) Vendor Rebates |
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| We may receive consideration from vendors in the normal course of business in the form of rebates of purchase price paid. Our policy for accounting for these funds is in accordance with the “Revenue Recognition” Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Funds are recognized as a reduction of cost of sales and inventory if the funds are a reduction of the price for the vendor’s products. |
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| (i) Long-Lived Assets |
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| Prior to the completion of the Merger on November 4, 2011, property, plant and equipment was stated at cost. On November 4, 2011, property, plant and equipment was recorded at fair value with the application of preliminary purchase accounting adjustments, with subsequent additions to property, plant and equipment recorded at cost. On October 28, 2013, property, plant and equipment purchased as part of our acquisition of Systagenix was recorded at fair value with the application of purchase accounting adjustments, with subsequent additions to property, plant and equipment recorded at cost. Betterments, which extend the useful life of the equipment, are capitalized. Debt issuance costs, which represent fees and other direct costs incurred in connection with our borrowings are capitalized and amortized using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the borrowing. Other assets consisted principally of other investments at December 31, 2014 and 2013. |
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| When an event occurs that indicates the carrying value of long-lived assets might not be recoverable, we review property, plant and equipment for impairment using an undiscounted cash flow analysis. If an impairment occurs on an undiscounted basis, we compute the fair market value of the applicable assets on a discounted cash flow basis and adjust the carrying value accordingly. During 2013, we recorded a $30.6 million fixed asset impairment charge. There were no impairments of fixed assets in 2014. |
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| Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (20 to 30 years for buildings and between 3 and 7 years for most of our other property and equipment) of the assets. Amortization for leasehold improvements is taken over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or over the remaining lease term. Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $108.0 million, $145.7 million, and $178.4 million, respectively. During 2012, we recorded a $22.1 million impairment charge associated with certain production equipment at our manufacturing plant and inventory associated with our V.A.C.Via product. |
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| (j) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets |
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| Business combinations are accounted for under the acquisition method. The total cost of an acquisition is allocated to the underlying identifiable net assets, based on their respective estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed requires management’s judgment and often involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including assumptions with respect to future cash inflows and outflows, discount rates, asset lives and market multiples, among other items. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. |
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| Goodwill is tested for impairment by reporting unit annually as of October 31, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Examples of such events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal or business climate, an adverse regulatory action or unanticipated competition. |
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| Impairment of goodwill is tested by comparing the carrying value of the reporting unit to the reporting unit’s fair value. The carrying value of each reporting unit is determined by taking the reported net assets of the consolidated entity, identifying reporting unit specific assets (including goodwill) and liabilities and allocating shared operational and administrative assets and liabilities to the appropriate reporting unit. The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using current industry multiples as well as discounted cash flow models using certain performance assumptions and appropriate discount rates determined by our management. To ensure the reasonableness of the estimated fair value of our reporting units, we perform a reconciliation of the estimated fair value of our consolidated entity to the total estimated fair value of all our reporting units. When it is determined that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, the measurement of any impairment is determined and the carrying value is reduced as appropriate. |
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| Identifiable intangible assets include developed technology, in-process research and development, customer relationships, tradenames and patents. For intangible assets that are subject to amortization, we amortize the assets over the estimated economic or contractual life of the individual asset. When an event occurs that indicates the carrying value of definite-lived intangible assets might not be recoverable, we review the assets for impairment using an undiscounted cash flow analysis. If an impairment occurs on an undiscounted basis, we compute the fair market value of the applicable assets on a discounted cash flow basis and adjust the carrying value accordingly. Indefinite-lived intangibles are tested for impairment annually as of October 31, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. If the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeds their fair value, an impairment is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. |
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| The Company performed an interim impairment test on goodwill of its Regenerative Medicine reporting unit during the third quarter of 2013. In our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, we disclosed that in the event of an approximate 6% and 4% drop in the fair value of our Regenerative Medicine reporting unit and the fair value of our Regenerative Medicine indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets, respectively, the fair value of the Regenerative Medicine reporting unit and indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets would still exceed their book values as of October 31, 2012. The Company continued to monitor the close proximity of the reporting unit’s carrying value compared to its fair value and, in the third quarter, determined it was required to complete the interim impairment test, as defined under GAAP. The results of the third quarter 2013 interim impairment test indicated that the estimated fair value of the Regenerative Medicine reporting unit was less than its carrying value; consequently, during the third quarter of 2013 we recorded a $272.2 million impairment of goodwill and a $171.2 million impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets related to our Regenerative Medicine reporting unit. There were no impairments of goodwill or identifiable intangible assets during 2014 or 2012. |
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| During 2013, write-offs of $16.9 million of other intangible assets were recorded due primarily to the discontinuation of certain projects. |
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| Our estimates of discounted cash flows may differ from actual cash flows due to, among other things, economic conditions, changes to our business model or changes in operating performance. Significant differences between these estimates and actual cash flows could materially affect our future financial results. These factors increase the risk of differences between projected and actual performance that could impact future estimates of fair value of all reporting units. In the event of an approximate 27% and 10% drop in the fair value of our KCI reporting unit and the fair value of our KCI indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets, respectively, the fair value of the KCI reporting unit and indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets would still exceed their book values as of October 31, 2014. In the event of an approximate 21% drop in the fair value of our Systagenix reporting unit, the fair value of the Systagenix reporting unit would still exceed its book value as of October 31, 2014. Additionally, in the event of an approximate 11% drop in the fair value of our Regenerative Medicine reporting unit, the fair value of the Regenerative Medicine reporting unit would still exceed its book value as of October 31, 2014. Certain Regenerative Medicine indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets approximated their fair value as of October 31, 2014. |
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| (k) Income Taxes |
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| Deferred income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes, whereby deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statements and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, as measured by current enacted tax rates. When appropriate, we evaluate the need for a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets. |
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| A liability is recorded for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. |
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| We have established a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets associated with foreign net operating losses, certain state net operating losses, and certain foreign deferred tax assets to an amount whose realization is more likely than not. We believe that the remaining deferred income tax assets will be realized based on reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and expected repatriation of foreign earnings. Accordingly, we believe that no additional valuation allowances are necessary. |
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| (l) Royalties |
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| We pay royalties for the right to market certain of our medical devices. Royalties are generally based on applicable revenue or the number of units sold and are recognized in the period that the related revenue is earned. Royalties related to rental revenue are included in rental expense. Royalties on sales revenue are included in cost of sales. |
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| (m) Self-Insurance |
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| We self-insure certain employee benefit and casualty insurance risks. Our group medical plan for U.S. employees is a qualified self-insured plan subject to specific stop loss insurance coverage. Our short-term disability plan for U.S. based employees is self-insured. The Texas Employee Injury Benefit Plan is self-insured subject to a $750,000 per occurrence retention. Our casualty insurance program has a $750,000 deductible for workers’ compensation, auto liability, and general liability. Our products liability program has a $1,000,000 self-insured retention. Our group life and accidental death and dismemberment plan and our long-term disability plan are all fully insured. We fully accrue our retained loss liabilities, including claims incurred but not reported. Based on historical trends, we believe our accruals for retained losses are adequate to cover future losses. |
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| (n) Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements |
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| We use derivative financial instruments to manage the economic impact of fluctuations in interest rates. We do not use financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. Periodically, we enter into interest rate protection agreements to modify the interest characteristics of our outstanding debt. Our interest rate derivatives have not been designated as hedging instruments, and as such, we recognize the fair value of these instruments as an asset or liability with income or expense recognized in the current period. |
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| Periodically, we also use derivative financial instruments to manage the economic impact of fluctuations in currency exchange rates on our intercompany balances and corresponding cash flows and to manage our transactional currency exposures when our foreign subsidiaries enter into transactions denominated in currencies other than their local currency. We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage these economic risks. These contracts are not designated as hedges; as such, we recognize the fair value of these instruments as an asset or liability with income or expense recognized in the current period. Although we use master netting agreements with our derivative counterparties, we do not offset derivative asset and liability positions in the consolidated balance sheet. |
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| All derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair values of our interest rate derivatives and foreign currency exchange contracts are determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets, which represent level 2 inputs as defined by the Codification. |
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| (o) Foreign Currency Translation and Transaction Gains and Losses |
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| The functional currency for the majority of our foreign operations is the applicable local currency. The translation of the applicable foreign currencies into U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange rate during the period. Gains and losses resulting from the foreign currency translations are included in accumulated other comprehensive income. Transaction gains and losses, such as those resulting from the settlement of nonfunctional currency receivables or payables, including intercompany balances, are included in foreign currency gain (loss) in our consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, payable and receivable balances and long-term debt denominated in nonfunctional currencies are marked-to-market at month-end, and the gain or loss is recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. |
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| (p) Concentration of Credit Risk |
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| We have a concentration of credit risk with financial institutions related to our derivative instruments. As of December 31, 2014, Morgan Stanley, UBS and HSBC were the counterparties on our interest rate protection agreements consisting of interest rate swap agreements in notional amounts totaling $487.7 million each. We use master netting agreements with our derivative counterparties to reduce our risk and use multiple counterparties to reduce our concentration of credit risk. |
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| We maintain cash and cash equivalents with several financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. These deposits bear minimal credit risk as they are maintained at financial institutions of reputable credit and generally may be redeemed upon demand. |
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| (q) Equity-based Compensation |
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| We account for equity-based payments to employees in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), which requires that equity-based payments (to the extent they are compensatory) be recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their fair values. |
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| As required by ASC 718, we recognize equity-based compensation expense for equity-based payment awards that are expected to vest based on estimated fair values on the date of grant. For awards classified as liability awards, the fair value of these awards is reviewed on a regular basis and the expense associated with these awards is adjusted accordingly as the fair value changes. In determining whether an award is expected to vest, we use an estimated, forward-looking forfeiture rate based upon our historical forfeiture rates. To the extent our actual forfeitures are different than our estimates, we record a true-up for the differences in the period that the awards vest, and such true-ups could materially affect our operating results. We also consider whether there have been any significant changes in facts and circumstances that would affect our expected forfeiture rate. |
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| We are also required to determine the fair value of equity-based awards at the grant date. We estimate the fair values of employee incentive equity awards using a Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. A discount for lack of marketability was applied to the per unit fair value to reflect increased risk arising from the inability to readily sell the Profits Interest Units and Appreciation Rights. These determinations require judgment, including estimating expected volatility. If actual results differ significantly from these estimates, equity-based compensation expense and our results of operations could be impacted. |
| (r) Research and Development |
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| The focus of our research and development program has been to invest in clinical studies and the development of new advanced wound healing systems, products and dressings. This includes the development of new and synergistic technologies across the continuum of wound care including tissue regeneration, preservation and repair, new applications of negative pressure technology, and the leveraging of our core understanding of biological tissues in order to develop biosurgery products in our Regenerative Medicine business. The types of costs classified as research and development expense include salaries of technical staff, consultant costs, facilities and utilities costs related to offices occupied by technical staff, depreciation on equipment and facilities used by technical staff, supplies and materials for research and development and outside services such as prototype development and testing and third-party research and development costs. Expenditures for research and development, including expenses related to clinical studies, are expensed as incurred. |
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| (s) Shipping and Handling |
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| We include shipping and handling costs in rental expense and cost of sales, as appropriate. Shipping and handling costs on sales products recovered from customers of $5.1 million, $4.7 million and $4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, are included in sales revenue for these periods. |
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| (t) Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Units |
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| Taxes assessed by a government authority that are directly imposed on a revenue producing transaction between us and our customers, including but not limited to sales taxes, use taxes and value added taxes, are accounted for on a net (excluded from revenues and costs) basis. |
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| (u) Advertising Expenses |
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| Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expenses were $10.9 million, $7.6 million and $8.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
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| (v) Seasonality |
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| Historically, we have experienced a seasonal slowing of unit demand for our NPWT devices and related dressings beginning in the fourth quarter and continuing into the first quarter, which we believe has been caused by year-end clinical treatment patterns, such as the postponement of elective surgeries and increased discharges of individuals from the acute care setting around the winter holidays. We typically experience a slowing of demand for our AWT dressings in the fourth quarter. |
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| (w) Legal Proceedings and Other Loss Contingencies |
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| We are subject to various legal proceedings, many involving routine litigation incidental to our business. The outcome of any legal proceeding is not within our complete control, is often difficult to predict and is resolved over very long periods of time. Estimating probable losses associated with any legal proceedings or other loss contingencies is very complex and requires the analysis of many factors including assumptions about potential actions by third parties. Loss contingencies are disclosed when there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss has been incurred and are recorded as liabilities in the consolidated financial statements when it is both (1) probable or known that a liability has been incurred and (2) the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. If the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and no amount within the range is a better estimate, the minimum amount of the range is recorded as a liability. If a loss contingency is not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated, a liability is not recorded in the consolidated financial statements. |
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| (x) Concentrations in Available Sources of Materials |
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| For both of our businesses, we obtain some of our finished products and components from a limited group of suppliers, and we purchase certain supplies from single sources for reasons of quality assurance, cost-effectiveness, availability, or constraints resulting from regulatory requirements. |
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| Our manufacturing processes for Advanced Wound Therapeutics products involve producing final assemblies in accordance with a master production plan. Assembly of our products is accomplished using metal parts, plastics, electronics and other materials and component parts that are primarily purchased from outside suppliers. Component parts and materials are obtained from industrial distributors, original equipment manufacturers and contract manufacturers. The majority of parts and materials are readily available in the open market (steel, aluminum, plastics, fabrics, polymers, etc.) for which price volatility is reasonably low. Our manufacturing processes and quality systems are intended to comply with appropriate FDA and International Organization for Standardization (“ISO”) requirements. |
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| Our Ireland plant manufactures certain disposable supplies, on a high-volume automation line, which have historically been supplied by third-party contract manufacturers in Mexico. We plan to continue leveraging our existing infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities to expand internal production in the future. |
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| Many raw materials and contract manufacturing for our advanced wound dressings are sole source or conducted on a purchase order basis. Since the Systagenix acquisition, we have undertaken an effort to qualify a second source supplier for key materials. |
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| Our Regenerative Medicine business is dependent on the availability of sufficient quantities of raw materials, including donated human cadaveric tissue, porcine tissue and other materials required for tissue processing. We currently receive human tissue from multiple U.S. tissue banks and organ procurement organizations. |
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| Our Regenerative Medicine xenograft tissue matrix products are made from porcine skin tissue. We have two qualified porcine tissue suppliers. Our primary porcine tissue source is supplied by three separate breeding herd farms that are isolated for biosecurity. We also have qualified second sources for many of our specialized solutions that are essential to the processing of our xenograft tissue matrix products. |
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| While we work closely with suppliers to assure continuity of supply and maintain high quality and reliability, manufacturing disruptions experienced by our suppliers could jeopardize our supply of finished products and components. Additionally, a change in suppliers could require significant effort or investment in circumstances where the items supplied are integral to product performance or incorporate unique technology. Any casualty, natural disaster or other significant disruption of any of our sole-source suppliers’ operations, or any unexpected loss of any existing exclusive supply contract could have a material adverse effect on our business. |
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| (y) Recently Adopted Accounting Standards |
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| In July 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2013-11 “Income Taxes – Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carry forward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carry forwards Exists.” ASU 2013-11 clarifies guidance and eliminates diversity in practice on the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits when a net operating loss carry forward, similar tax loss, or a tax credit carry forward exists at the reporting date. This new guidance became effective for annual and interim period for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2013. The Company has applied the requirements of ASU 2013-11 prospectively in preparing the December 31, 2014 consolidated balance sheet, which resulted in a decrease to non-current deferred tax assets of $14.9 million and a decrease to non-current reserves for uncertain tax positions of $14.9 million. Had the Company applied the requirements of ASU 2013-11 retrospectively to the December 31, 2013 consolidated balance sheet, there would not have been a material impact. |
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| (z) Recently Issued Accounting Standards |
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| In April 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-08, “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity”. ASU No. 2014-08 changes the requirements for reporting discontinued operations and requires additional disclosures about discontinued operations. Under the new guidance, only disposals representing a strategic shift in operations - that is, a major effect on the organization’s operations and financial results should be presented as discontinued operations. Examples include a disposal of a major geographic area, a major line of business, or a major equity method investment. Additionally, the ASU requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations. The amendments in the ASU are effective in the first quarter of 2015 for public organizations with calendar year ends. The Company is evaluating this update, however we do not anticipate that it will have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or disclosures. |
| In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. This ASU affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (e.g., insurance contracts or lease contracts). This ASU supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition”, and most industry-specific guidance. This ASU also supersedes some cost guidance included in Subtopic 605-35, “Revenue Recognition-Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts”. In addition, the existing requirements for the recognition of a gain or loss on the transfer of nonfinancial assets that are not in a contract with a customer (e.g., assets within the scope of Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment”, and intangible assets within the scope of Topic 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other”) are amended to be consistent with the guidance on recognition and measurement (including the constraint on revenue) in this ASU. For a public entity, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is not permitted. The Company is evaluating this update to determine if it will have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or disclosures. |
| In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements — Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40).” The new guidance addresses management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management’s evaluation should be based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued. The standard will be effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating this update, however we do not anticipate that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or disclosures. |
