Loan Receivables and Allowance for Credit Losses | LOAN RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ($ in millions) March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Credit cards $ 93,736 $ 97,043 Consumer installment loans 5,957 3,977 Commercial credit products 1,912 1,839 Other 128 129 Total loan receivables, before allowance for credit losses (a)(b)(c) $ 101,733 $ 102,988 _______________________ (a) Total loan receivables include $20.1 billion and $21.4 billion of restricted loans of consolidated securitization entities at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. See Note 6. Variable Interest Entities for further information on these restricted loans. (b) At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, loan receivables included deferred costs and purchase discounts, net of deferred income, of $(120) million and $213 million, respectively. (c) At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $23.2 billion and $22.4 billion, respectively, of loan receivables were pledged by the Bank as collateral to the Federal Reserve to secure Federal Reserve discount window advances. Allowance for Credit Losses (a)(b) ($ in millions) Balance at Provision charged to operations (c) Gross charge-offs Recoveries Other (d) Balance at Credit cards $ 10,156 $ 1,508 $ (1,761) $ 291 $ — $ 10,194 Consumer installment loans 279 345 (90) 8 39 581 Commercial credit products 131 29 (35) 2 — 127 Other 5 (2) — — — 3 Total $ 10,571 $ 1,880 $ (1,886) $ 301 $ 39 $ 10,905 ($ in millions) Balance at Impact of ASU 2022-02 Adoption Post-Adoption Balance at January 1, 2023 Provision charged to operations Gross charge-offs Recoveries Balance at Credit cards $ 9,225 $ (294) $ 8,931 $ 1,159 $ (1,162) $ 224 $ 9,152 Consumer installment loans 208 1 209 85 (44) 5 255 Commercial credit products 87 (1) 85 48 (31) 2 104 Other 7 — 8 (2) — — 6 Total $ 9,527 $ (294) $ 9,233 $ 1,290 $ (1,237) $ 231 $ 9,517 _______________________ (a) The allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2024 and 2023 reflects our estimate of expected credit losses for the life of the loan receivables on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at March 31, 2024 and 2023 which include the consideration of current and expected macroeconomic conditions that existed at those dates. (b) Excluded from the table above are allowance for credit losses for loan receivables acquired and immediately written off within the period presented. (c) Provision for credit losses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended March 31, 2024 includes $4 million associated with off-balance sheet credit exposures recorded in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. (d) Primarily represents allowance for credit losses for PCD assets. The reasonable and supportable forecast period used in our estimate of credit losses at March 31, 2024 was 12 months, consistent with the forecast period utilized since the adoption of CECL. Beyond the reasonable and supportable forecast period, we revert to historical loss information at the loan receivables segment level over a 6-month period, gradually increasing the weight of historical losses by an equal amount each month during the reversion period, and utilize historical loss information thereafter for the remaining life of the portfolio. The reversion period and methodology remain unchanged since the adoption of CECL. Losses on loan receivables, including those which are modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, are estimated and recognized upon origination of the loan, based on expected credit losses for the life of the loan balance at March 31, 2024. Expected credit loss estimates are developed using both quantitative models and qualitative adjustments, and incorporates a macroeconomic forecast, as described within Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our 2023 annual consolidated financial statements within our 2023 Form 10-K. The current and forecasted economic conditions at the balance sheet date influenced our current estimate of expected credit losses, which reflects our expectations of the macroeconomic environment. We continued to experience a decrease in payment rates and at March 31, 2024, total delinquent balances as a percentage of total loan receivables remained consistent with the prior quarter. We also experienced an increase in net charge-offs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and expect net charge-offs to continue to increase in the first half of 2024. These conditions are reflected in our current estimate of expected credit losses, which remain generally consistent with the prior quarter. Our allowance for credit losses increased to $10.9 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily reflecting the impact of the Ally Lending acquisition. See Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our 2023 annual consolidated financial statements within our 2023 Form 10-K for additional information on our significant accounting policies related to our allowance for credit losses. Delinquent and Non-accrual Loans The following table provides information on our delinquent and non-accrual loans: At March 31, 2024 ($ in millions) 30-89 days delinquent 90 or more days delinquent Total past due 90 or more days delinquent and accruing Total non-accruing Credit cards $ 2,189 $ 2,377 $ 4,566 $ 2,377 $ — Consumer installment loans 121 33 154 — 33 Commercial credit products 51 49 100 49 — Total delinquent loans $ 2,361 $ 2,459 $ 4,820 $ 2,426 $ 33 Percentage of total loan receivables 2.3 % 2.4 % 4.7 % 2.4 % — % At December 31, 2023 ($ in millions) 30-89 days delinquent 90 or more days delinquent Total past due 90 or more days delinquent and accruing Total non-accruing Credit cards $ 2,375 $ 2,290 $ 4,665 $ 2,290 $ — Consumer installment loans 96 23 119 — 23 Commercial credit products 61 40 101 40 — Total delinquent loans $ 2,532 $ 2,353 $ 4,885 $ 2,330 $ 23 Percentage of total loan receivables 2.5 % 2.3 % 4.7 % 2.3 % — % Credit Quality Indicators Our loan receivables portfolio includes both secured and unsecured loans. Secured loan receivables are largely comprised of consumer installment loans secured by equipment. Unsecured loan receivables are largely comprised of our open-ended consumer and commercial revolving credit card loans. As part of our credit risk management activities, on an ongoing basis, we assess overall credit quality by reviewing information related to the performance of a customer’s account with us, including delinquency information, as well as information from credit bureaus relating to the customer’s broader credit performance. We utilize VantageScore credit scores to assist in our assessment of credit quality. VantageScore credit scores are obtained at origination of the account and are refreshed, at a minimum quarterly, but could be as often as weekly, to assist in predicting customer behavior. We categorize these credit scores into the following three credit score categories: (i) 651 or higher, which are considered the strongest credits; (ii) 591 to 650, considered moderate credit risk; and (iii) 590 or less, which are considered weaker credits. There are certain customer accounts, including for our commercial credit products, for which a VantageScore score is not available where we use alternative sources to assess their credit quality and predict behavior. The following table provides the most recent VantageScore scores, or equivalent, available for our revolving credit card and commercial credit product customers at March 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively, as a percentage of each class of loan receivable. The table below excludes 0.3%, 0.3% and 0.3% of our total loan receivables balance for our credit cards and commercial credit products at each of March 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively, which represents those customer accounts for which a VantageScore score, or equivalent, is not available. March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 March 31, 2023 651 or 591 to 590 or 651 or 591 to 590 or 651 or 591 to 590 or higher 650 less higher 650 less higher 650 less Credit cards 71 % 20 % 9 % 72 % 19 % 9 % 73 % 19 % 8 % Commercial credit products 86 % 7 % 7 % 83 % 10 % 7 % 86 % 7 % 7 % Consumer Installment Loans Delinquency trends are the primary credit quality indicator for our consumer installment loans, which we use to monitor credit quality and risk within the portfolio. The tables below include information on our consumer installment loans by origination year. The amounts for the current year period include information related to the loans acquired through the Ally Lending acquisition. See Note 3. Acquisitions and Dispositions for additional information. Consumer Installment Loans by Origination Year By origination year At or for the three months ended 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Total Amortized cost basis $ 809 $ 2,665 $ 1,470 $ 649 $ 287 $ 77 $ 5,957 30-89 days delinquent 4 53 38 16 7 3 121 90 or more days delinquent — 15 12 4 2 — 33 Current period gross charge-offs (a) — 47 25 12 5 1 90 By origination year At December 31, 2023 ($ in millions) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Total Amortized cost basis $ 2,097 $ 931 $ 541 $ 312 $ 69 $ 27 $ 3,977 30-89 days delinquent 44 25 15 9 2 1 96 90 or more days delinquent 11 6 4 2 — — 23 _______________________ (a) Gross charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2023 were not material. Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The Company adopted ASU 2022-02 at January 1, 2023 on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings. The new guidance is applicable for all loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties since January 1, 2023. See Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Allowance for Credit Losses -Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty within our 2023 Form 10-K for additional information on our significant accounting policies related to loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table provides information on our loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the periods presented, which do not include loans that are classified as loan receivables held for sale: Three months ended March 31 2024 2023 ($ in millions) Amount % of Loan Receivables Amount % of Loan Receivables Long-term modifications Credit cards $ 471 0.5 % $ 377 0.4 % Consumer installment loans — — — % Commercial credit products 2 0.1 % 1 0.1 % Short-term modifications Credit cards 247 0.3 % 139 0.2 % Consumer installment loans — — — % Commercial credit products — — — % Total $ 720 0.7 % $ 517 0.6 % Financial Effects of Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty As part of our loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, we may provide multiple concessions to minimize our economic loss and improve long-term loan performance and collectability. For long-term modifications made in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the financial effect of these modifications reduced the weighted-average interest rates by 97% for both periods, respectively. For short-term modifications made in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, unpaid balances of $15 million and $11 million, respectively, were forgiven. Performance of Loans Modified to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty The following tables provide information on the performance of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty which have been modified within the previous 12 months and remain in a modification program at March 31, 2024. For the comparative period, amounts represent loans that were modified subsequent to January 1, 2023 and remained in a modification program at March 31, 2023: Amortized cost basis At March 31, 2024 ($ in millions) Current 30-89 days delinquent 90 or more days delinquent Total past due (a) Long-term modifications Credit cards $ 928 $ 175 $ 151 $ 326 Consumer installment loans — — — — Commercial credit products 2 1 1 2 Short-term modifications Credit cards 71 41 50 91 Consumer installment loans — — — — Commercial credit products — — — — Total delinquent modified loans $ 1,001 $ 217 $ 202 $ 419 Percentage of total loan receivables 1.0 % 0.2 % 0.2 % 0.4 % Amortized cost basis At March 31, 2023 ($ in millions) Current 30-89 days delinquent 90 or more days delinquent Total past due (a) Long-term modifications Credit cards $ 209 $ 89 $ 65 $ 154 Consumer installment loans — — — — Commercial credit products — — 1 1 Short-term modifications Credit cards 28 18 44 62 Consumer installment loans — — — — Commercial credit products — — — — Total delinquent modified loans $ 237 $ 107 $ 110 $ 217 Percentage of total loan receivables 0.3 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.2 % ___________________ (a) Once a loan has been modified, it only returns to current status (re-aged) after three consecutive monthly program payments are received post the modification date. Payment Defaults The following table presents the type, number and amount of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that enrolled in a long-term modification program within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2024, or between January 1, 2023 and March 31, 2023 for the comparative period, and experienced a payment default and charged-off during the period presented: Three months ended March 31 2024 2023 ($ in millions, accounts in thousands) Accounts defaulted Loans defaulted Accounts defaulted Loans defaulted Credit cards 47 $ 118 2 $ 7 Consumer installment loans — — — — Commercial credit products — 1 — — Total 47 $ 119 2 $ 7 Of the loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that enrolled in a short-term modification program within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2024, or between January 1, 2023 and March 31, 2023 for the comparative period, 51% and 14% had fully completed all required payments and successfully exited the program during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Unfunded Lending Commitments We manage the potential risk in credit commitments by limiting the total amount of credit, both by individual customer and in total, by monitoring the size and maturity of our portfolios and by applying the same credit standards for all of our credit products. Unused credit card lines available to our customers totaled approximately $428 billion and $427 billion at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. While these amounts represented the total available unused credit card lines, we have not experienced and do not anticipate that all of our customers will access their entire available line at any given point in time. Interest Income by Product The following table provides additional information about our interest and fees on loans, including merchant discounts, from our loan receivables, including held for sale: Three months ended March 31, ($ in millions) 2024 2023 Credit cards (a) $ 5,096 $ 4,497 Consumer installment loans 149 83 Commercial credit products 45 34 Other 3 2 Total (b) $ 5,293 $ 4,616 _______________________ (a) Interest income on credit cards that was reversed related to accrued interest receivables written off was $592 million and $415 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. (b) Deferred merchant discounts to be recognized in interest income at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively, which are included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. |