Oil and Natural Gas Properties
The Company’s oil and natural gas producing activities are accounted for using the successful efforts method of accounting. Under this method, the costs incurred to acquire, drill and complete development wells are capitalized to proved properties. Exploration costs, including personnel and other internal costs, geological and geophysical expenses, delay rentals for oil and natural gas leases and costs associated with unsuccessful lease acquisitions are charged to expense as incurred. Costs of drilling exploratory wells are initially capitalized but are charged to expense if the well is determined to be unsuccessful. As of December 31, 2020, no costs were capitalized in connection with exploratory wells in progress. Costs to operate, repair and maintain wells and field equipment are expensed as incurred.
Proved Properties
Costs incurred to obtain access to proved reserves and to provide facilities for extracting, treating, gathering and storing oil and natural gas are capitalized. All costs incurred to drill and equip successful exploratory wells, development wells, development-type stratigraphic test wells and service wells, including unsuccessful development wells, are capitalized. Capitalized costs are depleted on a unit-of production method based on proved oil, natural gas and NGL reserves.
Net carrying values of retired, sold or abandoned properties that constitute less than a complete unit of depreciable property are charged or credited, net of proceeds, to accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization and accretion of asset retirement unless doing so significantly affects the unit-of-production amortization rate, in which case a gain or loss is recognized. Gains or losses from the disposal of complete units of depreciable property are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company reviews its proved oil and natural gas properties for impairment when events and circumstances indicate a possible decline in the recoverability of the carrying amount of such property. There were no impairments of proved oil and natural gas properties for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Unproved Properties
Unproved properties consist of costs to acquire undeveloped leases as well as costs to acquire unproved reserves. Acquisition costs associated with the acquisition of non-producing leaseholds are recorded as unproved leasehold costs and capitalized as incurred. These consist of costs incurred in obtaining a mineral interest or right in a property, such as a lease in addition to options to lease, broker fees, recording fees and other similar costs related to acquiring properties. Leasehold costs are classified as unproved until proved reserves are discovered on or otherwise attributed to the property, at which time related costs are transferred to proved oil and natural gas properties.
The Company evaluates significant unproved properties for impairment on a property-by-property basis, and any impairment in value is charged to expense. Impairment is assessed based on remaining lease term, drilling results, reservoir performance, seismic interpretation or future plans to develop acreage. Impairment of unproved properties was $56.1 million as of December 31, 2020.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment such as office furniture and equipment, buildings, vehicles and other computer hardware and software is recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from three to twenty years. Major renewals and improvements are capitalized while expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When other property and equipment is sold or retired, the capitalized costs and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts.
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