Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in audited financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items, so that the consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing its consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC. The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents represent cash held in banks, cash on hand, and liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company may have bank balances in excess of federally insured amounts; however, the Company deposits its cash and cash equivalents with high credit-quality institutions to minimize credit risk. Restricted Cash Restricted cash primarily consists of cash received for subscriptions prior to the date in which the subscriptions are effective. The Company’s restricted cash is held primarily in a bank account controlled by the Company’s transfer agent but in the name of the Company. The amount of $88.7 million as of June 30, 2017 represents proceeds from subscriptions received in advance and is classified as restricted cash. Investments in Real Estate In accordance with the guidance for business combinations, the Company determines whether the acquisition of a property qualifies as a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. If the property acquired is not a business, the Company accounts for the transaction as an asset acquisition. The Company has early adopted Accounting Standards Update 2017-01 — Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 states that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets to be acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the asset or set of assets is not a business. All property acquisitions to date have been accounted for as asset acquisitions. Whether the acquisition of a property acquired is considered a business combination or asset acquisition, the Company recognizes the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. The Company expenses acquisition-related costs associated with business combinations as they are incurred. The Company capitalizes acquisition-related costs associated with asset acquisitions. Upon acquisition of a property, the Company assesses the fair value of acquired tangible and intangible assets (including land, buildings, tenant improvements, “above-market” and “below-market” leases, acquired in-place leases, other identified intangible assets and assumed liabilities) and allocates the purchase price to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The Company assesses and considers fair value based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize discount and/or capitalization rates that it deems appropriate, as well as other available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of the tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant. The Company also considers an allocation of purchase price of other acquired intangibles, including acquired in-place leases that may have a customer relationship intangible value, including (but not limited to) the nature and extent of the existing relationship with the tenants, the tenants’ credit quality and expectations of lease renewals. Based on its acquisitions to date, the Company’s allocation to customer relationship intangible assets has not been material. The Company records acquired above-market and below-market leases at their fair values (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) equal to the difference between (1) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease and (2) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options for below-market leases. Other intangible assets acquired include amounts for in-place lease values that are based on the Company’s evaluation of the specific characteristics of each tenant’s lease. Factors to be considered include estimates of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. In estimating carrying costs, the Company includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, depending on local market conditions. In estimating costs to execute similar leases, the Company considers leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses. The amortization of acquired above-market and below-market leases is recorded as an adjustment to rental revenue on the consolidated statements of operations. The amortization of in-place leases is recorded as an adjustment to depreciation and amortization expense on the consolidated statements of operations. The amortization of below-market and pre-paid ground leases are recorded as an adjustment to hotel or rental property operating expenses, as applicable, on the consolidated statements of operations. The cost of buildings and improvements includes the purchase price of the Company’s properties and any acquisition-related costs, along with any subsequent improvements to such properties. The Company’s investments in real estate are stated at cost and are generally depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Description Depreciable Life Building 30 - 40 years Building- and land-improvements 10 years Furniture, fixtures and equipment 1 - 7 years Lease intangibles Over lease term Significant improvements to properties are capitalized. When assets are sold or retired, their costs and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts with the resulting gains or losses reflected in net income or loss for the period. Repairs and maintenance are expensed to operations as incurred and are included in property and hotel operating expenses on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company’s management reviews its real estate properties for impairment each quarter or when there is an event or change in circumstances that indicates an impaired value. If the carrying amount of the real estate investment is no longer recoverable and exceeds the fair value such investment, an impairment loss is recognized. The impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its fair value. The evaluation of anticipated future cash flows is highly subjective and is based in part on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates and capital requirements that could differ materially from actual results. Since cash flows on real estate properties considered to be “long-lived assets to be held and used” are considered on an undiscounted basis to determine whether an asset has been impaired, the Company’s strategy of holding properties over the long term directly decreases the likelihood of recording an impairment loss. If the Company’s strategy changes or market conditions otherwise dictate an earlier sale date, an impairment loss may be recognized and such loss could be material to the Company’s results. If the Company determines that an impairment has occurred, the affected assets must be reduced to their fair value, less cost to sell. During the period presented, no such impairment occurred. Deferred Charges The Company’s deferred charges include financing and leasing costs. Deferred financing costs include legal, structuring, and other loan costs incurred by the Company for its financing agreements. Deferred financing costs related to the Company’s mortgage notes and term loan are recorded as an offset to the related liability and amortized over the term of the financing instrument. Deferred financing costs related to the Company’s revolving credit facility and affiliate line of credit are recorded as a component of other assets and amortized over the term of the financing agreement. Deferred leasing costs incurred in connection with new leases, which consist primarily of brokerage and legal fees, are recorded as a component of other assets and amortized over the life of the related lease. Investments in Real Estate-Related Securities The Company has elected to classify its investment in real estate-related securities as trading securities and carry such investments at estimated fair value. As such, the resulting gains and losses are recorded as a component of income from real estate-related securities on the consolidated statements of operations. Fair Value Measurement Under normal market conditions, the fair value of an investment is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., the exit price). Additionally, there is a hierarchal framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring investments at fair value. Market price observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of investment and the characteristics specific to the investment and the state of the market place, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Investments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value. Investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following levels within the fair value hierarchy: Level 1 — quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the measurement date. The Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments. Level 2 — quoted prices are available in markets that are not active or model inputs are based on inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date. Level 3 — pricing inputs are unobservable and include instances where there is minimal, if any, market activity for the investment. These inputs require significant judgment or estimation by management or third parties when determining fair value and generally represent anything that does not meet the criteria of Levels 1 and 2. Due to the inherent uncertainty of these estimates, these values may differ materially from the values that would have been used had a ready market for these investments existed. As of June 30, 2017, the Company’s $291.5 million of investments in real estate-related securities were classified as Level 2. Valuation The Company’s investments in real estate-related securities are reported at estimated fair value. As of June 30, 2017, the Company’s investments in real estate-related securities consisted of CMBS, which are fixed income securities. The Company generally values its CMBS by utilizing third-party pricing service providers and broker-dealer quotations on the basis of last available bid price. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing service providers may use broker-dealer quotations, reported trades or valuation estimates from their internal pricing models to determine the reported price. The pricing service providers’ internal models use observable inputs such as issuer details, interest rates, yield curves, prepayment speeds, credit risks/spreads, default rates and quoted prices for similar assets. The fair value of the Company’s mortgage notes, term loan, and revolving credit facility, repurchase agreements, and affiliate line of credit all approximate their carrying value. Revenue Recognition The Company’s sources of revenue and the related revenue recognition policies are as follows: Rental revenue — primarily consists of base rent arising from tenant leases at the Company’s industrial, multifamily, and retail properties. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease, including any rent steps or abatement provisions. The Company begins to recognize revenue upon the acquisition of the related property or when a tenant takes possession of leased space. Tenant reimbursement income — consists primarily of amounts due from tenants for costs related to common area maintenance, real estate taxes, and other recoverable costs included in lease agreements. The Company recognizes the reimbursement of such costs incurred as tenant reimbursement income. Hotel revenue — consists of income from the Company’s hotel properties. Hotel revenue consists primarily of room revenue and food and beverage revenue. Room revenue is recognized when the related room is occupied and other hotel revenue is recognized when the service is rendered. Income Taxes The Company intends to make an election to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code, commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2017. If the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent it distributes 90% of its taxable income to its stockholders. REITs are subject to a number of other organization and operational requirements. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income. The Company leases its hotel investments to wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). The TRSs are subject to taxation at the federal, state and local levels, as applicable. Revenues related to the hotels’ operations such as room revenue, food and beverage revenue and other revenue are recorded in the TRS along with corresponding expenses. The Company accounts for applicable income taxes by utilizing the asset and liability method. As such, the Company records deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences resulting from the difference between the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. As of June 30, 2017, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset of $317 thousand due to its hotel investments and recorded such amount as a tax benefit within income tax expense on the consolidated statements of operations. Organization and Offering Costs Organization costs are expensed as incurred and recorded as a component of general and administrative on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations and offering costs are charged to equity as such amounts are incurred. The Adviser has agreed to advance certain organization and offering costs on behalf of the Company interest free (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the Company’s organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees) through December 31, 2017, the day before the first anniversary of the date as of which escrow for the Offering was released. The Company will reimburse the Adviser for all such advanced expenses ratably over a 60 month period following December 31, 2017. As of June 30, 2017, the Adviser and its affiliates had incurred organization and offering costs on the Company’s behalf of $8.7 million, consisting of offering costs of $6.9 million and organization costs of $1.8 million. These organization and offering costs were recorded as a component of due to affiliates in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2017. Such costs became the Company’s liability on January 1, 2017, the date as of which the proceeds from the Offering were released from escrow. Blackstone Advisory Partners L.P. (the “Dealer Manager”), a registered broker-dealer affiliated with the Adviser, serves as the dealer manager for the Offering. The Dealer Manager is entitled to receive selling commissions and dealer manager fees based on the transaction price of each applicable class of shares sold in the Offering. The Dealer Manager is also entitled to receive a stockholder servicing fee of 0.85%, 0.85% and 0.25% per annum of the aggregate net asset value (“NAV”) of the Company’s outstanding Class S shares, Class T shares, and Class D shares, respectively. The following table details the selling commissions, dealer manager fees, and stockholder servicing fees for each applicable share class: Class S Class T Class D Class I Selling commissions and dealer manager fees (% of transaction price) up to 3.5% up to 3.5% — — Stockholder servicing fee (% of NAV) 0.85% 0.85% 0.25% — There is no stockholder servicing fee with respect to Class I shares. The Dealer Manager has entered into agreements with the selected dealers distributing the Company’s shares in the Offering, which provide, among other things, for the re-allowance of the full amount of the selling commissions and dealer manager fees received and all or a portion of the stockholder servicing fees to such selected dealers. The Company will cease paying the stockholder servicing fee with respect to any Class S share, Class T share or Class D share held in a stockholder’s account at the end of the month in which the total selling commissions, dealer manager fees and stockholder servicing fees paid with respect to the shares held by such stockholder within such account would exceed, in the aggregate, 8.75% (or, in the case of Class T shares sold through certain participating broker-dealers, a lower limit as set forth in any applicable agreement between the Dealer Manager and a participating broker-dealer) of the gross proceeds from the sale of such shares (including the gross proceeds of any shares issued under the Company’s distribution reinvestment plan with respect thereto). The Company will accrue the full cost of the stockholder servicing fee as an offering cost at the time each Class S, Class T, and Class D share is sold during the Offering. As of June 30, 2017, the Company had accrued $53.4 million of stockholder servicing fees related to Class S shares, Class D shares and Class T shares sold and recorded such amount as a component of due to affiliate on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Earnings Per Share Basic net loss per share of common stock is determined by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. All classes of common stock are allocated net income/(loss) at the same rate per share. The restricted stock grants of Class I shares held by our directors and issued on January 1, 2017 are considered to be participating securities because they contain non-forfeitable rights to distributions. The impact of these restricted stock grants on basic and diluted earnings per common share (“EPS”) has been calculated using the two-class method whereby earnings are allocated to the restricted stock grants based on dividends declared and the restricted stocks’ participation rights in undistributed earnings. As of June 30, 2017, the effects of the two-class method on basic and diluted EPS were not material to the consolidated financial statements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” Beginning January 1, 2018, companies will be required to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services and also includes additional disclosure requirements. The new standard can be adopted either retrospectively to prior reporting periods presented or as a cumulative effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company is taking inventory of its revenue streams and performing a detailed review of the related contracts to determine the impact of this standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The majority of the Company’s revenue is derived from tenant leases at multifamily, industrial and retail properties. As such the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2014-09 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. However, upon adoption of the new leasing standard, ASU 2014-09 will impact the presentation of certain lease and non-lease components of revenue. See below for a further description of the expected impact the new leasing standard will have on the Company. The Company is currently assessing the expected impact ASU 2014-09 will have on its performance obligations related to the revenue components at the Company’s hotel properties. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases,” which will require organizations that lease assets to recognize the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases on their balance sheet. Additional disclosure regarding a company’s leasing activities will also be expanded under the new guidance. For public entities, ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and requires a modified retrospective transition. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this pronouncement on its consolidated financial statements from both a lessor and lessee standpoint. Under the new leasing standard lessor accounting remains substantially the same as current GAAP. However, the classification of certain lease and non-lease components, such as tenant reimbursement income for real estate taxes and insurance, will change but will not impact total revenue. The new lease standard will have a significant impact on lessee accounting. As such, the Company will be required to recognize a right of use asset on its consolidated balance sheet along with a lease liability equal to the present value of the remaining minimum lease payments for the Company’s ground leases. |