Astra Space Inc - Ordinary Shares (ASTR) POS AM Prospectus update (post-effective amendment)

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on

May 5, 2022 

Registration

No. 333-257930

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 1

to

FORM

S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	6770	85-1270303
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1900 Skyhawk Street

Alameda, CA 94501

(866)

278-7217

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Chris Kemp

Chief Executive Officer

1900 Skyhawk Street

Alameda, CA 94501

(866)

278-7217

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Katheryn A. Gettman, Esq.

Cozen O’Connor P.C.

33 South 6th Street, Suite 3800

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402

(612)

260-9000

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public

: From time to time after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box:    ☒

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.    ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.    ☐

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a

non-accelerated

filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule

12b-2

of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.    ☐

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

On July 15, 2021, Astra Space, Inc. (the “Company”) filed a Registration Statement on

Form S-1

(Registration No. 333-257930), which was subsequently amended on July 30, 2021 and on August 9, 2021. The Registration Statement was declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on August 12, 2021 (as amended, the “Registration Statement”).

This post-effective amendment is being filed to update the Registration Statement to include information contained in the registrant’s Annual Report on

Form 10-K

for the year ended December 31, 2021 and certain other information in such Registration Statement.

On November 26, 2021, the Company provided notice of the redemption of 9,999,970 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. From November 26, 2021, through December 27, 2021 (the “Redemption Date”), the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of Redemption Date and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant. As a result, there are no Public Warrants or Private Placement Warrants outstanding as of the date hereof.

No additional securities are being registered under this post-effective amendment. All applicable registration fees were paid at the time of the original filing of the Registration Statement.

Information contained herein is subject to completion or amendment. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the SEC. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. This prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION,

DATED MAY 5, 2022 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

Primary Offering Of

15,333,303 Shares of Class A Common Stock

Secondary Offering of

189,026,575 Shares of Class A Common Stock

5,333,333 Warrants to Purchase Class A Common Stock

This prospectus relates to the issuance by us of up to an aggregate of (i) 9,999,970 shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of warrants to purchase Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “public warrants”) issued by Holicity Inc. (“Holicity”) in its initial public offering; and (ii) 5,333,333 shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of private placement warrants at an exercise price of $11.50 per share that were originally sold to

X-icity

Holdings Corporation (the “Sponsor”) in a private placement consummated simultaneously with Holicity’s IPO (the “private placement warrants” and, together with the public warrants, the “warrants”).

This prospectus also relates to the offer and sale, from time to time, by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus (the “Selling Securityholders”), or any of their permitted transferees, of (i) 5,333,333 private placement warrants; (ii) up to an aggregate of 5,333,333 shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the private placement warrants held by the Selling Securityholders; (iii) up to an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock that were issued to certain investors (collectively, the “PIPE Investors”) in a private placement in connection with the closing of the Business Combination (as defined herein); (iv) 7,500,000 shares of Class A common stock issued to the Sponsor prior to Holicity’s initial public offering and registered for sale by the Selling Securityholders; (v) up to an aggregate of 92,277,793 shares of Class A common stock that were issued to certain affiliates of Astra (collectively, the “Astra Affiliates”) pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement (as defined herein); (vi) up to an aggregate 56,239,188 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion (on a

one-for-one

basis) of shares of our Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share held by certain Selling Securityholders and (vii) up to an aggregate of 7,676,261 shares of our Class A common stock issued in connection with our acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc. (“Apollo”), which closed on July 1, 2021 comprised of (x) 2,558,744 shares of our Class A common stock (the “Initial Shares”) issued to certain of the Selling Securityholders on July 1, 2021, in connection with our merger with Apollo and (y) 5,117,517 additional shares of our Class A common stock (the “Additional Shares”) which may be issued to certain of the Selling Securityholders assuming (a) the achievement of all remaining performance milestones set forth in the Apollo Merger Agreement (as defined herein), (b) we elect to pay all future milestone consideration in shares of our Class A common stock as required by the terms the Apollo Merger Agreement, and (c) the per share price used to calculate the number of shares of our Class A common stock to be issued is $11.7243, which is the same per share price used to calculate the number of Initial Shares issued to the Selling Securityholders. The Additional Shares have not been earned and are not currently outstanding. The actual number of Additional Shares issued to the Selling Securitiyholders could be materially greater or less than 5,117,517 shares of Class A common stock depending whether and to what extent the future performance milestones are met and/or the actual average closing price of our Class A common stock at the time such milestones are achieved. This prospectus also covers any additional securities that may become issuable by reason of share splits, share dividends or other similar transactions.

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock or warrants by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus, except with respect to amounts received by us upon exercise of the warrants to the extent such warrants are exercised for cash. However, we will pay the expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions and certain expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities, associated with the sale of securities pursuant to this prospectus.

Our registration of the securities covered by this prospectus does not mean that either we or the Selling Securityholders will issue, offer or sell, as applicable, any of the securities. The issuance of Additional Shares of our Class A common stock to the Selling Securityholders, if any, is contingent upon the achievement of performance milestones specified in the Apollo Merger Agreement. The Selling Securityholders and any of their permitted transferees may offer and sell the securities covered by this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. Additional information on the Selling Securityholders, and the times and manner in which they may offer and sell the securities under this prospectus, is provided under “

Selling Securityholders

” and “

Plan of Distribution

” in this prospectus.

You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or amendment carefully before you invest in our securities.

Our Class A common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”. As of the date hereof, all of our publicly listed warrants have been redeemed and are no longer listed on a securities exchange. On May 2, 2022, the closing price of our Class A common stock was $3.28per share.

Investing in our securities involves risks that are described in the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page 13 of this prospectus.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the securities to be issued under this prospectus or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                 , 2022.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		1
SELECTED DEFINITIONS		2
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		5
SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS		6
RISK FACTORS		13
USE OF PROCEEDS		42
BUSINESS		43
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS		50
MANAGEMENT		64
EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION		69
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES		86
SECURITIES ACT RESTRICTIONS ON RESALE OF SECURITIES		94
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT		96
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS		106
UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS		109
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		115
LEGAL MATTERS		120
EXPERTS		120
CHANGES IN INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM		120
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		122
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS		F-1

i

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form

S-1

that we filed with the SEC using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we and the Selling Securityholders and their permitted transferees may, from time to time, issue, offer and sell, as applicable, any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings.

We may use the shelf registration statement to issue up to an aggregate of 15,333,303 shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants and the Private Placement warrants. The Selling Securityholders may use the shelf registration statement to sell up to an aggregate of 189,026,575 shares of our Class A common stock and up to 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. The Selling Securityholders and their permitted transferees may use the shelf registration statement to sell such securities from time to time through any means described in the section entitled “

Plan of Distribution

.” More specific terms of any securities that the Selling Securityholders and their permitted transferees offer and sell may be provided in a prospectus supplement that describes, among other things, the specific amounts and prices of the Class A common stock being offered and the terms of the offering.

A prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment may also add, update or change information included in this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement, post-effective amendment or any related free writing prospectus. See “

Where You Can Find More Information.

”

Neither we nor the Selling Securityholders have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus we have prepared. We and the Selling Securityholders take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby and only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus. This prospectus is not an offer to sell securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy securities, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of those documents only, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

For investors outside the U.S.: neither we nor the Selling Securityholders have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the U.S. Persons outside the U.S. who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of our securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside the U.S.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under “

Where You Can Find More Information

.”

1

SELECTED DEFINITIONS

Unless the context otherwise requires, in this prospectus, references to “Astra”, the “Company”, “us”, “we”, “our” and any related terms prior to the closing of the Business Combination are intended to mean Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation n/k/a Astra Space Operations, Inc. (the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary), and its consolidated subsidiaries after the closing of the Business Combination are intended to mean Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries, including Astra Space Operations, Inc.

“

Additional Shares

” means the shares that may be issued pursuant to the Apollo Merger Agreement to certain of the Selling Securityholders assuming (a) the achievement of all remaining performance milestones set forth in the merger agreement related to the Apollo merger, (b) we elect to pay all future milestone consideration in shares of our Class A common stock as required by the terms the merger agreement related to the Apollo merger, and (c) the per share price used to calculate the number of shares of our Class A common stock to be issued is $11.7243, which is the same per share price used to calculate the number of Initial Shares issued to the Selling Securityholders.

“

Apollo

” means Apollo Fusion, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which we acquired on July 1, 2021.

“

Apollo Merger Agreement

” means the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 5, 2021, by and among Astra Space Operations, Inc., Apollo, Artemis First Merger Sub, Inc., Apollo Fusion, LLC and the other parties thereto.

“

Astra

” means Astra Space, Inc., a Delaware corporation n/k/a Astra Space Operations, Inc. before the Closing and Astra Space, Inc. (f/k/a Holicity Inc.) following the Closing.

“

Astra capital stock

” means the Astra Class A common stock, the Astra Class B common stock and each other class or series of capital stock of Astra (including preferred stock).

“

Astra Class

 A common stock

” means the Class A common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, of Astra prior to consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Astra Class

 B common stock

” means the Class B common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, of Astra prior to consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Astra option

” means each option to purchase shares of Astra common stock prior to consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Astra stockholder

” means each holder of Astra capital stock.

“

Astra warrant

”

means each warrant to purchase shares of Astra capital stock prior to consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Board

” means the board of directors of Astra following consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Business Combination

” means the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

“

Business Combination Agreement

”means the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 2, 2021 by and among Holicity, Merger Sub, and Astra.

“

Class

 A common stock

”means the shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Astra Space, Inc. following the Business Combination, which shares have the same economic terms as the shares of Class B common stock, but are only entitled to one (1) vote per share.

2

“

Class

 B common stock

”means the shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Astra following the Business Combination, which shares have the same economic terms as the shares of Class A common stock, but are entitled to ten (10) votes per share.

“

Closing

” means the closing of the Business Combination.

“

Closing Date

” means the closing date of the Business Combination, June 30, 2021.

“

Code

” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

“

common stock

” means, collectively, the Class A common stock and the Class B common stock.

“DGCL

” means the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended.

“

Effective Time

” means the effective time of the Merger in accordance with the Merger Agreement.

“

Exchange Act

” means Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

“

Holicity

” means Holicity Inc., a Delaware corporation which was renamed “Astra Space, Inc.” in connection with the Closing.

“

Holicity Class

 A common stock

” means the shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Holicity.

“

Holicity IPO

” means Holicity’s initial public offering.

“

Initial Shares

” means the shares issued to certain of the Selling Securityholders named in this offering on July 1, 2021 pursuant to the Apollo Merger Agreement.

“

Management

” means the management of Astra following the consummation of the Business Combination.

“

Merger

” means the merger of Merger Sub with and into Astra, with Astra continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holicity, in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

“

Merger Sub

” means Holicity Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity.

“

New Astra option

” means each option to purchase Class A common stock.

“

New Astra

warrant

” means each warrant to purchase Class A common stock.

“

PIPE Investment

” refers to the sale of shares of newly issued Class A common stock to the PIPE Investors in a private placement that was consummated simultaneously with the closing of the Business Combination.

“

PIPE Investors

” means certain institutional investors who are party to the Subscription Agreements.

“

PIPE Subscription Agreements

” means the subscription agreements, each dated as of February 2, 2021, between Holicity and the PIPE Investors named therein relating to the PIPE Investment.

3

“

Private Placement

” means the issuance of an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of Holicity Class A common stock pursuant to the PIPE Subscription Agreements to the PIPE Investors immediately before the Closing, at a purchase price of $10.00 per share.

“

Private Placement Warrants

” means the 5,333,333 warrants issued to our Sponsor concurrently with the Initial Public Offering, each of which is exercisable for one share of Holicity Class A common stock.

“

Public Warrants

” means the warrants included in the units issued in the Initial Public Offering, each of which is exercisable for one share of Holicity Class A common stock, in accordance with its terms.

“

SEC

” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“

Securities Act

” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“

Sponsor

” means

X-icity

Holdings Corporation.

“

Units

” means the units of Holicity, each consisting of one share of Holicity Class A common stock and

one-third

(1/3rd) of one public warrant of Holicity.

“

Warrants

” means any of the Private Placement Warrants and the Public Warrants.

“

Warrant Agreement

” means that certain Warrant Agreement, dated August 4, 2020, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent.

4

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The statements contained in this prospectus that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements. These statements are indicated by words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “seek,” “plan,” “project,” “aim,” “believe,” “could,” “should,” “intend,” “will,” and similar words or phrases. These forward-looking statements may include projections of financial information; statements about historical results that may suggest trends for our business; statements of the plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations; statements of expectation or belief regarding future events (including any acquisitions we may make), technology developments, our products, product sales, expenses, liquidity, cash flow and growth rates. Such statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections of our performance, our industry’s performance and macroeconomic conditions, based on management’s judgment, beliefs, current trends and market conditions, and involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. We derive most of our forward-looking statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions. While we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known factors, and it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results and undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or otherwise. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on these statements. Forward-looking statements in this prospectus may include, for example, statements about:

• our ability to maintain the listing of our shares of common stock on Nasdaq;

• our ability to raise financing in the future;

• our success in retaining or recruiting officers, key employees or directors;

• factors relating to our business, operations and financial performance, including:

• our ability to grow and manage growth profitably;

• our ability to maintain relationships with customers and suppliers;

• competing in the global space industry; and

• retaining or recruiting, or making changes with respect to, its officers, key employees or directors.

• market conditions and global and economic factors beyond our control, general economic conditions, unemployment and our liquidity, operations and personnel;

• future exchange and interest rates; and

• other factors detailed herein under the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this prospectus, and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. Important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated or implied by forward-looking statements such as those contained in documents we have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, our actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. For a discussion of the risks involved in our business and investing in our common stock, see the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

5

SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS

This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus and does not contain all of the information that is important to you in making an investment decision. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information included in this prospectus. Before making your investment decision with respect to our securities, you should carefully read this entire prospectus, including the information under “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

About Astra

Astra’s mission is to launch a new generation of launch services and space services and products to Improve Life on Earth from Space.

TM

These services and products are enabled by new constellations of small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (“LEO”), which have rapidly become smaller, cheaper, and many times more numerous than legacy satellites. Launch vehicles, however, have not evolved in the same way — most rockets remain focused on serving legacy satellites and human spaceflight missions. As a result, we believe existing launch vehicles are too large, expensive, infrequently launched, and insufficiently responsive to meet the needs of the evolving space market.

We aim to solve this problem with the world’s first mass-produced dedicated orbital launch system. Our system consists of a small launch vehicle and mobile ground infrastructure that can fit inside standard shipping containers for rapid deployment anywhere in the world that our spaceports are located. Our rocket requires a launch site with little more than a concrete pad and only six Astra employees

on-site,

leveraging our highly automated launch operations. Our production system is designed to scale efficiently, which we expect to allow us to perform to hundreds of launches per year in the future. Our rocket’s payload capacity is tailored for the needs of modern LEO satellite constellations, allowing precise and rapid placement of individual satellites in their required orbits. We believe this makes Astra’s system more responsive and affordable than other launch alternatives for the thousands of LEO satellites planned in the coming decade.

We view launch services as the first phase of our product and service offerings, with the ultimate single goal of building the leading space platform. We intend to expand our product and service offerings to LEO operators to include launch services, space products and space services to achieve our space services platform model. Our integrated space services platform will allow our customers to focus on innovative applications rather than investing in bespoke satellite development and separately contracting launch services. Further details of our current and expected future service offerings are described below under heading, “Business.”

Astra’s Strategy

Using our expertise in the mass production of small launch vehicles or rockets, we seek to provide customers with reliable, daily space delivery as well as

turn-key

space services. To accomplish this, we intend to:

• Increase launch capability. We plan to demonstrate a monthly launch capability by the end of 2022 and approach a more frequent launch capability by the end of 2025. In order to achieve these milestones, we are accelerating our development and production efforts and exploring locations for additional launch sites based on our customers’ inclination needs.

• Increase the payload of our rockets. We plan to increase the maximum payload capacity of our launch vehicle to meet the customer needs and demands through a process of iterative development and improvement.

• Commence commercial launch operations. In November 2021, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0007 to an altitude of 500 kilometers successfully demonstrating the orbital placement of a test payload. We commenced paid commercial launch operations in the first quarter of 2022.

6

• Develop, license or acquire Core Technology . We plan to develop, license or acquire core space technologies that we expect to commercialize and incorporate into our launch vehicles, spacecraft and other infrastructure that we will use to deliver our product and space service offerings. These core technologies including, among other things, electric propulsion and solar power. For example, we acquired propulsion technology through our merger with Apollo Fusion, which we announced on June 2, 2021, and closed on July 1, 2021.

• Space Services offering. By 2023, we plan to commence offering an integrated spacecraft platform optimized for Astra’s launch vehicle and spacecraft. The goal is to allow our customers to focus on developing innovative payloads rather than designing or developing satellite buses or flying satellites.

Our ability to achieve these goals and objectives by our planned timelines are conditional upon a number of factors, including our ability to successfully and timely develop our launch vehicles and our ability to effectively market and sell our services and products. See “Risk Factors” in our subsequent filings with the SEC for additional factors that could affect our ability to achieve these goals.

Business Combination and Related Transactions

The Company was originally named Holicity Inc. (“Holicity”), and was established as a special purpose acquisition company. Holicity completed its initial public offering in August 2020, and was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses, and, prior to the Business Combination (as defined below), the Company was a “shell company” as defined under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), because it had no operations and nominal assets consisting almost entirely of cash.

On June 30, 2021, the Company consummated its business combination pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement, dated February 2, 2021, including the merger of the Merger Sub with and into Astra Space, Inc., with Astra Space, Inc. continuing as the surviving corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Holicity (the “Business Combination”). Effective as of immediately prior to the Effective Time of the Business Combination, Mr. Kemp, Dr. London, Mr. McCaw, Mr. Stanford and Mr. Lehman were appointed to serve as directors of the Company. R. Gerard Salemme, Dennis Weibling, Wayne Perry and Cathleen A. Massey resigned as directors of the Company.

In connection with the Closing, the surviving company and wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity, Astra Space, Inc., changed its name to “Astra Space Operations, Inc.” and Holicity changed its name to “Astra Space, Inc.”

On August 10, 2021, the Company appointed two additional members of the Board, Michèle Flournoy and Lisa Nelson, both of whom serve with Mr. Lehman as Class III directors.

When we refer in this prospectus to “Holicity,” we mean the Company prior to the consummation of the Business Combination. When we refer in this prospectus to “Legacy Astra” or

“pre-combination

Astra,” we mean Astra Space Operations, Inc. prior to the consummation of the Business Combination. When we refer in this prospectus to the “Company” or “Astra” or “we”, we mean the Company after the consummation of the Business Combination.

Recent Developments

On July 1, 2021, we, through our wholly owned indirect subsidiary, merged with Apollo. The fair value of the consideration paid as of July 1, 2021, was $70.8 million, net of cash acquired (the “Apollo Merger”). Apollo designs, tests, manufactures and operates propulsion modules to enable satellites to orbit in space.

On August 20, 2021, this propulsion module (known as the ACE thruster) achieved successful orbital ignition on board the Spaceflight Sherpa-LTE1 orbital transfer vehicle (OTV). The Sherpa OTV launched June 30, 2021

7

from SpaceX’s

Transporter-2

mission from Cape Canaveral, Florida. After successfully deploying all rideshare payloads, Spaceflight commissioned our thruster. This was our first attempt at firing the thruster in orbit and this thruster continues to fire in orbit.

On August 28, 2021, we conducted a test launch for the United States Space Force on our launch vehicle LV0006. The launch vehicle achieved an altitude of approximately 50 km before the range issued an all engine-shutdown command. The launch vehicle was not able to reach orbit.

On November 4, 2021, we filed an application with the Federal Communication Commission, under which we requested authority to launch and operate a

non-geostationary

orbit satellite system using

V-band

frequencies (the “Constellation”) as we work to build out our space services offering.

On November 20, 2021, we conducted our first commercial orbital launch for United States Space Force on our launch vehicle LV0007. The launch system successfully demonstrated the orbital placement of a test payload to an inclination of 86.0 degrees at an altitude of 500 km. The payload achieved an orbital velocity of 7.61 km/s. When we use the term “commercial orbital launch,” we mean a launch conducted pursuant to a license from the Federal Aviation Administration and we do not receive payment for some of our commercial orbital launches. Launch vehicle LV0007 took flight from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska.

On November 26, 2021, the Company issued a notice of redemption to redeem all of its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (“Redeemable Warrants”) outstanding as of December 27, 2021. In connection with the redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock in lieu of the redemption price of 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of December 27, 2021 and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant, and aggregate of $0.1 million. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants were remeasured to fair value as of the exercise or redemption date, resulting in a gain of $25.7 million for year ended December 31, 2021, and classified within other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.

On February 10, 2022, we conducted a commercial orbital launch for National Aeronautics and Space Administration pursuant to which we were to deliver four CubeSats to

low-earth

orbit on our launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. Through our investigation process, we identified and have since corrected the issues that caused the error in the payload fairing’s deployment, and addressed the software issue. This was our first launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and also the first launch under the Federal Aviation Administration new Part 450 launch license. Part 450 consolidates Parts 415, 417, 431 and 435 under a single licensing regime and is expected to make it easier for to obtain regulatory approval from the FAA for future launches.

On March 15, 2022, we conducted an orbital launch for three customers of Spaceflight, Inc. and confirmed our first delivery of customer payloads into Earth orbit. Launch vehicle LV0009 took flight from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska.

On April 12, 2022, we announced that LeoStella LLC had entered a contract with us to purchase multiple Astra Spacecraft Engines for LeoStella’s satellites.

Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those highlighted in the section titled “

Risk Factors

”, that represent challenges that we face in connection with the successful implementation of our strategy

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and growth of our business. The occurrence of one or more of the events or circumstances described herein under that section, alone or in combination with other events or circumstances, may have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.

Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are located at 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501. Our telephone number is (866)

278-7217,

and our website address is https://www.astra.com. Information contained on our website or connected thereto is provided for textual reference only and does not constitute part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which it forms a part.

9

THE OFFERING

We are registering the issuance by us of up to 15,333,303 shares of our Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants. We are also registering the resale by the Selling Securityholders or their permitted transferees of (ii) up to 189,026,575 shares of our Class A common stock and up to 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. As of the date of this prospectus, all warrants have been redeemed and no warrants are outstanding.

See

“

Use of Proceeds

.” Any investment in the securities offered hereby is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the information set forth under “

Risk Factors

” on page 13 of this prospectus.

Issuance of Class A Common Stock

The following information is as of August 3, 2021 (except as noted) and does not give effect to issuances of our Class A common stock or warrants after such date, or the exercise or redemption of warrants after such date (except as noted).

Shares of our Class  A common stock to be issued upon exercise of all Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants 15,333,303 shares. As of the date of this prospectus, all Warrants have been redeemed and no Warrants are outstanding. See “ Use of Proceeds .”

Shares of our Class A common stock 208,614,084 shares(1)

Use of proceeds In December 2021, the Company completed redemption (the “Redemption”) of all of its outstanding Warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that were issued under the Warrant Agreement. In connection with the Redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of the date of the Redemption and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per redeemable Warrant, or an aggregate redemption price of $58,607.50. We received no proceeds in connection with the Redemption.

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Class A common stock and warrants to be offered by the Selling Securityholders. With respect to shares of Class A common stock underlying the warrants, we will not receive any proceeds from such shares except with respect to amounts received by us upon exercise of such warrants to the extent such warrants are exercised for cash. No Warrants are outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.

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Resale of Class A common stock and Warrants Shares of Class A common stock offered by the Selling Securityholders (including 127,454,054 outstanding shares of Class A common stock, 56,239,188 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of Class B common stock and 5,333,333 shares of Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of warrants) 189,026,575 shares. As of the date of this prospectus, all Warrants have been redeemed and no Warrants are outstanding. See “ Use of Proceeds .”

Warrants offered by the Selling Securityholders (representing the Private Placement Warrants) 5,333,333 warrants. As of the date of this prospectus, all Warrants have been redeemed and no Warrants are outstanding. See “ Use of Proceeds .”

Exercise price $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described herein.

Redemption The warrants are redeemable in certain circumstances. See “ Description of Securities-Warrants ” for further discussion.

Lock-up agreements Certain of our stockholders are subject to certain restrictions on transfer until the termination of applicable lock-up periods. See “ Securities Act Restrictions on Resale of Securities-Lock-up Agreements ” for further discussion.

Ticker symbol Our Class A common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”. As of the date hereof, all of our warrants have been redeemed and are no longer listed on a securities exchange.

(1) The number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding is based on 208,614,084 shares of Class A common stock outstanding as of April 21, 2022 and does not include:

• 48,499,435 shares of Class A common stock reserved and available for issuance for awards in accordance with the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”);

• 7,478,104 shares of Class A common stock reserved and available for issuance for awards in accordance with the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”);

• 55,539,188 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion (on a one-for-one basis) of shares of our Class B common stock held by the Astra Founders; and

• 5,117,517 shares of Class A common stock that may be issued upon the achievement of performance milestones specified in the Apollo Merger Agreement.

11

MARKET PRICE, TICKER SYMBOL, HOLDERS, AND DIVIDEND INFORMATION

Market Price and Ticker Symbol

Our Class A common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”. As of the date hereof, all of our warrants have been redeemed and are no longer listed on a securities exchange.

On April 21, 2022, the closing price of our Class A common stock was $3.40per share.

Holders

As of April 21, 2022, there were 121 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 2 holders of record of our Class B common stock.

Dividend Policy

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock to date. The payment of cash dividends in the future will be dependent upon our revenues and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition. The payment of any cash dividends will be within the discretion of the board of directors at such time.

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RISK FACTORS

Summary of Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, which represent challenges that we face in connection with the successful implementation of our strategy and growth of our business. The occurrence of one or more of the events or circumstances described herein under this section, alone or in combination with other events or circumstances, may have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.

A summary of the material risks affecting our business, operations and financial results include the following:

• We have only conducted one launch which deployed customer satellites into orbit, and any setbacks occurring during launch and subsequent upgrades could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operations, and could harm our reputation.

• We have incurred significant losses since inception and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability.

• The success of our business will be highly dependent on our ability to effectively market and sell our launch services for small LEO satellites and our space products and services and to convert contracted revenues and our pipeline of potential contracts into actual revenues.

• The market for commercial launch services for small LEO satellites is still emerging, multiple mergers and acquisitions are shifting the market, and the market may not achieve the growth potential we expect.

• Our ability to grow our business depends on the successful development of our launch vehicles, spacecraft and related technology, which is subject to many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control.

• We routinely conduct hazardous operations in manufacturing, test, and launch of our vehicles, space products and vehicle subsystems, which could result in damage to property or persons. Unsatisfactory performance or failure of our manufacturing process, launch vehicles, space products, spacecraft and related technology at launch or during operation could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.

• We may not be able to convert our estimated contracted revenue or potential contracts, into actual revenue.

• We have limited data and history to test our launch vehicles for the successful deployment of a LEO satellite.

• Any delays in the development and manufacture of additional launch vehicles, spacecraft, and related technology may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

• We expect to face intense competition in the commercial space market and other industries in which we may operate.

• If we are unable to adapt to and satisfy customer demands in a timely and cost-effective manner, or if we are unable to manufacture our launch vehicles or space products at a quantity and quality that our customers demand, our ability to grow our business may suffer.

• We may be unable to manage our future growth effectively, which could make it difficult to execute our business strategy.

• Adverse publicity stemming from any incident involving us, our competitors, or our customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

• We currently operate from a facility on a month-to-month lease.

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• Regulatory, availability, and other challenges may delay our progress in establishing the number of launch sites we require for our targeted annual launch rate, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to grow our business.

• We rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components. We may not be able to obtain sufficient raw materials or supplied components to meet our manufacturing and operating needs, or obtain such materials on favorable terms, which could impair our ability to fulfill our orders in a timely manner or increase our costs of production.

• Failure to maintain adequate financial, information technology and management processes and controls could result in material weaknesses which could lead to errors in our financial reporting, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

• We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and may identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal control, which may result in material misstatements of our financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations.

• We may face litigation and other risks as a result of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and the restatement of our financial statements.

• We are subject to environmental regulation and may incur substantial costs or have operational disruptions.

• The COVID-19 pandemic has and could continue to negatively affect various aspects of our business, make it more difficult for us to meet our obligations to our customers, and result in reduced demand for our products and services.

• We may experience difficulties in integrating the operations of acquired companies into our business and in realizing the expected benefits of these acquisitions.

• A failure of our information technology systems, physical or electronic security protections, or an interruption in their operation due to internal or external factors including cyber-attacks or insider threats, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

• The ongoing military action by Russia in Ukraine could have negative impact on the global economy which could materially adversely affect our business, operations, operating results and financial condition.

• Certain future operational facilities will require significant expenditures in capital improvements and operating expenses to develop and foster basic levels of service required by our launch and space services, and the ongoing need to maintain existing operational facilities requires us to expend capital.

• Failure of third-party contractors and suppliers could adversely affect our business.

• We may require substantial additional funding to finance our operations, but adequate additional financing may not be available when we need it, on acceptable terms or at all.

• Our business is subject to a wide variety of extensive and evolving government laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

• We are subject to stringent U.S. export and import control laws and regulations.

• Natural disasters, unusual weather conditions, epidemic outbreaks, global health crises, terrorist acts and political events could disrupt our business and flight schedule.

• Our prospects and operations may be adversely affected by changes in consumer preferences and economic conditions that affect demand for launch or space services.

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• We may in the future invest significant resources in developing new service offerings and exploring the application of our proprietary technologies for other uses and those opportunities may never materialize.

• If we commercialize outside the United States, we will be exposed to a variety of risks associated with international operations that could materially and adversely affect our business.

• Failures in our technology infrastructure could damage our business, reputation and brand and substantially harm our business and results of operations.

• Any acquisitions, partnerships or joint ventures that we enter into could disrupt our operations.

• We are subject to many hazards and operational risks that can disrupt our business, including interruptions or disruptions in service at our primary facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

• If we fail to adequately protect our proprietary intellectual property rights, our competitive position could be impaired and we may lose valuable assets, generate reduced revenue and incur costly litigation to protect our rights.

• Protecting and defending against intellectual property claims may have a material adverse effect on our business.

• The majority of our customer contracts may be terminated by the customer at any time for convenience as well as other provisions permitting the customer to discontinue contract performance for cause (for example, if we do not achieve certain milestones on a timely basis) which if terminated could adversely impact our results of operation.

• Failure to comply with federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection, or the expansion of current or the enactment of new laws or regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection, could adversely affect our business and our financial condition.

• Our operating results may fluctuate significantly, which makes our future operating results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide.

• We have been focused on developing launch capabilities and services since 2017. This limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate Astra’s future prospects and the risks and challenges it may encounter.

• We are highly dependent on our senior management team and other highly skilled personnel, and if we are not successful in attracting or retaining highly qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.

• The increase in non-U.S. sales could lead to incidents in violation of U.S. and international anti-corruption laws.

• We may become involved in litigation that may materially adversely affect us.

• Astra needs to meet multiple security requirements in order to meet ongoing requirements for participation in government contracts. The inability to meet regulatory requirements or security standards may mean a failure to win contracts, receive security clearance certifications, and loss of current and future business.

• Changes in tax laws or regulations may increase tax uncertainty and adversely affect results of our operations and our effective tax rate.

• Our ability to use our net operating losses to offset future taxable income could be subject to certain limitations.

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• The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer, which limits an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.

• We cannot predict the impact our dual class structure may have on the stock price of our Class A common stock.

• Our stock price has been, and likely will continue to be, volatile.

• Delaware law and provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make a takeover proposal more difficult.

Detailed Description of Risk Factors

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below as well as the other information included in this prospectus, including “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision. Our business, prospects, financial condition, or operating results could be harmed by any of these risks, as well as other risks not currently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial. The trading price of our securities could decline due to any of these risks, and, as a result, you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risk Factors Relating to Our Operations and Business

We have only conducted one launch which deployed customer satellites into orbit, and any setbacks occurring during launch and subsequent upgrades could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operations, and could harm our reputation.

The success of our launch and space services offerings will depend on our ability to successfully and regularly deliver customer satellites into orbit. In November 2021, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0007 to an inclination of 86.0 degrees at an altitude of 500 km and demonstrated orbital placement of test payload. Our data from this launch suggest that we achieve sufficient orbital velocity to successfully inject a satellite into orbit and serve as an opportunity to learn from the experience and to make further refinements to the design and manufacturing processes used to construct our launch vehicles and rockets. On February 10, 2022, we launched launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. On March 15, 2022, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0009 and confirmed our first delivery of customer payloads into Earth orbit.

The success of our strategy depends on our ability to successfully upgrade our rockets, launch vehicles, spacecraft, and related technology which may require significant adjustments to the design, manufacturing process and performance to achieve intended technological and performance goals. There is no guarantee that our planned subsequent commercial launches will be successful. While we have built operational processes to ensure that the design, manufacture, performance and servicing of our launch vehicles and rockets meet rigorous performance goals, there can be no assurance that we will not experience operational or process failures and other problems during our planned launches. Any failures or setbacks could harm our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.

We have incurred significant losses since inception and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability.

We have incurred significant losses since our inception. We incurred net losses of $257.8 million, $68.3 million and $53.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. While we have generated

16

limited income to date, we have only begun our commercial launch activities and space product sales in 2022, and it is difficult for us to predict our future operating results. As a result, our losses may be larger than anticipated, and we may not achieve profitability when expected, or at all, and even if we do, we may not be able to maintain or increase profitability.

We expect our operating expenses to increase over the next several years as we commence commercial launch activities in 2022, continue to refine and streamline our design and manufacturing processes for our launch vehicles, increase the payload of our rockets, make technical improvements, increase our flight cadence, hire additional employees and continue research and development efforts relating to new products and technologies, including our space services. These efforts may be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability or positive cash flow. Furthermore, if our future growth and operating performance fail to meet investor or analyst expectations, or if we have future negative cash flow or losses resulting from our investment in acquiring customers or expanding our operations, this could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The success of our business will be highly dependent on our ability to effectively market and sell our launch services for small LEO satellites and our space products and services and to convert contracted revenues and our pipeline of potential contracts into actual revenues.

We expect that our success will be highly dependent, especially in the foreseeable future, on our ability to effectively forecast, market and sell our launch services for small LEO satellites and space products. We have limited experience in forecasting, marketing and selling these services and products, and if we are unable to use our current or future sales organization effectively in order to adequately target and engage our potential customers, our business may be adversely affected.

We also expect that our success will be highly dependent on our ability to convert contracted revenues and our pipeline of potential contracts into actual revenues. We have received interest from a wide range of customers across various satellite applications or use cases. Our contracted revenues and our estimated pipeline may not fully convert into actual revenues because certain of our customers have the right to terminate their contracts if we do not achieve certain milestones. We may not meet these milestones, in which case the value of our contracted revenues may be significantly lower than our current estimates. Additionally, if we are unable to keep up with the demand for our launch services from a production and delivery perspective, we may not be in a position to deliver on our contracted revenues or our pipeline of potential contracts.

We remain in active discussions with potential customers and anticipate an increase in contracted revenue as the small satellite and satellite constellation markets continue to develop. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to attract new customers in a cost-effective manner. Notwithstanding our estimated contracted revenue, we expect that we will need to make significant investments in order to attract new customers. Our sales growth is dependent upon our ability to implement strategic initiatives, and these initiatives may not be effective in generating sales growth. In addition, marketing campaigns, which we have not historically utilized, can be expensive and may not result in the acquisition of customers in a cost-effective manner, if at all. Further, as our brand becomes more widely known, future marketing campaigns or brand content may not attract new customers at the same rate as past campaigns or brand content. If we are unable to attract new customers, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be harmed.

The market for commercial launch services for small LEO satellites is still emerging, multiple mergers and acquisitions are shifting the market, and the market may not achieve the growth potential we expect.

The market for

in-space

infrastructure services, in particular, commercial launch services for small LEO satellites, has not been well established and is still emerging, merging and shifting, with many players acting as

17

customers, prime contractors, or acquirers, or target of acquisitions. Our estimates for the total addressable launch market and satellite market are based on a number of internal and third-party estimates, including our contracted revenue, the number of potential customers who have expressed interest in our launch services, assumed prices and production costs for our launch vehicles, assumed flight cadence, our ability to leverage our current manufacturing and operational processes and general market conditions. While we believe our assumptions and the data underlying our estimates are reasonable at this date and time, these assumptions and estimates may not be correct and the conditions supporting our assumptions or estimates may change at any time, thereby reducing the predictive accuracy of these underlying factors. As a result, our estimates of the potential customers, annual total addressable market for our services, as well as the expected growth rate for the total addressable market for our services, may prove to be incorrect. Further should any of our customers be acquired by one of our competitors that could impact our future revenue and prospects as those customers may decide not to continue to purchase our launch services.

Our ability to grow our business depends on the successful development of our launch vehicles, spacecraft and related technology, which is subject to many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control.

Our current primary research and development objectives focus on the development of our existing and any additional launch vehicles, launch facilities and capabilities, spacecraft and related technology. If we do not complete this development in our anticipated timeframes, or at all, our ability to grow our business will be adversely affected. The successful development of our launch and spacecraft capabilities and related technology involves many uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, including, but not limited to:

• timing in making further enhancements to our launch vehicle and spacecraft design and specifications;

• successful completion of our planned commercial launches;

• our ability to obtain additional applicable approvals, licenses or certifications from regulatory agencies, if required, and maintaining current approvals, licenses or certifications;

• our ability to schedule and receive access to launch sites, receive related government approvals, launch windows, licenses, mandated insurance coverages, and aligned logistics of moving a rocket to, and launching from, rocket launch facilities;

• our ability to respond quickly enough to decisions of third-parties outside our control that can impact our launch schedules or launch operations;

• performance of our manufacturing facilities despite risks that disrupt productions, such as natural disasters and hazardous materials;

• performance of a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components;

• performance of our third-party contractors that support our research and development activities;

• our ability to maintain rights from third parties for intellectual properties critical to our research and development activities;

• our ability to continue funding and maintain our current research and development activities, particularly the development of various enhancements that increase the payload of our rocket; and

• the impact of the geopolitical crisis between Russia and Ukraine, and the COVID-19 pandemic on us, our customers, suppliers and distributors, and the global economy.

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We routinely conduct hazardous operations in manufacturing, test, and launch of our vehicles, space products and vehicle subsystems, which could result in damage to property or persons. Unsatisfactory performance or failure of our manufacturing process, launch vehicles, space products, spacecraft and related technology at launch or during operation could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.

We manufacture and operate highly sophisticated launch vehicles, space products and conduct launch activities that depend on complex technology. Although there have been and will continue to be technological advances in spaceflight, our operations remain an inherently hazardous and risky activity. Launch failures, explosions and other accidents during manufacturing, on launch or during flight have occurred and will likely occur in the future.

While we have built operational processes to ensure that the design, manufacture, performance and servicing of our launch vehicles, space products and related technologies meet rigorous quality standards, there can be no assurance that we will not experience operational or process failures and other problems, including through manufacturing or design defects, cyber-attacks or other intentional acts, that could result in potential safety risks. We may experience a total loss of our launch vehicle and our customers’ payloads if there is an accident or failure at launch or during the journey into space, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition or reputation. For some missions, we or our customers can elect to buy launch insurance, which can reduce our monetary losses from any launch failure, but even in this case we will have losses associated with our inability to test our technology in space and delays with further technology development. Any insurance we or our customers have may not be adequate to cover our or their loss, respectively.

Any actual or perceived safety or reliability issues may result in significant reputational harm to our businesses, in addition to tort liability, maintenance, increased safety infrastructure and other costs that may arise. Such issues could result in delaying or cancelling planned launches, increased regulation or other systemic consequences. Our inability to meet our safety standards or adverse publicity affecting our reputation as a result of accidents, mechanical failures, damages to customer property or medical complications could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.

We may not be able to convert our estimated contracted revenue or potential contracts into actual revenue.

We expect that our success will be highly dependent on our ability to convert contracted revenues and our pipeline of potential contracts into actual revenues. Our contracted revenues and our estimated pipeline may not fully convert into actual revenues because certain of our customers have the right to terminate their contracts if we do not achieve certain milestones, or other termination rights. We may not meet these milestones, in which case the value of our contracted revenues may be significantly lower than our current estimates.

Some of our existing customer contracts include provisions allowing the customers to terminate the contracts for convenience, some with a termination penalty for at least the amounts already paid, or to terminate the contracts for cause (for example, if we do not achieve certain milestones on a timely basis). If any of our significant customer contracts are terminated and not replaced, our results of operations may differ materially and adversely from those anticipated. In addition, our contracts with government customers often contain provisions with additional rights and remedies favorable to such customers that are not typically found in commercial contracts. As a result, we may not receive revenue from these orders, and any contracted revenue we report may not be indicative of our future actual revenue.

Many events may cause a delay in our ability to fulfill our existing or future orders, or cause planned launches or deliveries to not be completed at all, some of which may be out of our control, including unexpected weather patterns, maintenance issues, natural disasters, changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals or applications or other events that force us to cancel or reschedule launches, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We have limited data and history to test our launch vehicles for the successful deployment of a LEO satellite.

In November 2021, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0007 to an inclination of 86.0 degrees at an altitude of 500 km and demonstrated orbital placement of test payload. Our data from this launch suggest that we achieve sufficient orbital velocity to successfully inject a satellite into orbit and serve as an opportunity to learn from the experience and to make further refinements to the design and manufacturing processes used to construct our launch vehicles and rockets. Although our November 2021 launch was a success, we may not be successful in reaching space and achieving sufficient orbital velocity during our subsequent launches planned. For example, on February 10, 2022, we launched launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. On March 15, 2022, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0009 and confirmed our first delivery of customer payloads into Earth orbit. If we fail to continue to successfully inject payloads into orbit, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

As part of our strategy, we plan to increase the maximum payload capacity of our launch vehicle to meet the customer needs and demands, which would make us a more compelling alternative for LEO constellation deployment and satellite replenishment. This payload capacity improvement will come from numerous improvements, enhancements and modifications to our rocket. We may not be successful in our efforts to make improvements to our rocket to achieve the full increase in payload capacity, and if we are unable to demonstrate our ability launch heavier satellites to LEO, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

Any delays in the development and manufacture of additional launch vehicles, spacecraft, and related technology may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

We have previously experienced, and may experience in the future, delays or other complications in the design, manufacture, launch, production, delivery and servicing ramp of new launch vehicles, spacecraft and related technology. If delays like this arise or recur, if our remediation measures and process changes do not continue to be successful or if we experience issues with planned manufacturing improvements or design and safety, we could experience issues in sustaining the ramp of our spaceflight system or delays in increasing production further.

If we encounter difficulties in scaling our delivery or servicing capabilities, if we fail to develop and successfully commercialize our launch vehicles, spacecraft and related technologies, if we fail to develop such technologies before our competitors, or if such technologies fail to perform as expected, are inferior to those of our competitors or are perceived as less safe than those of our competitors, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted.

We expect to face intense competition in the commercial space market and other industries in which we may operate.

We face intense competition in the commercial space market and amongst our competitors. Currently, our primary competitors in the commercial launch market are SpaceX, RocketLab, United Launch Alliance, and Arianespace. In addition, we are aware of a significant number of entities actively engaged in developing commercial launch capabilities for small and medium sized payloads, including Virgin Orbit, Relativity, ABL, and Firefly, among others. Many of our current and potential competitors are larger and have substantially greater financial or other resources than we currently have or expect to have in the future, and thus may be better positioned to exploit the market need for small payloads and targeted orbital delivery, which is the focus of our business. They may also be able to devote greater resources to the development of their current and future technologies, which could overlap with our technologies, or the promotion and sale of their products and services. Our competitors could offer small launch vehicles at lower prices, which could undercut our business

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strategy and potential competitive edge. Our current and potential competitors may also establish cooperative or strategic relationships amongst themselves or with third parties that may further enhance their resources and offerings relative to ours. Further, it is possible that domestic or foreign companies or governments, some with greater experience in the aerospace industry or greater financial resources than we possess, will seek to provide products or services that compete directly or indirectly with ours in the future. Any such foreign competitor, for example, could benefit from subsidies from, or other protective measures by, its home country.

We believe our ability to compete successfully as a commercial provider of launch and space services does and will depend on number of factors, which may change in the future due to increased competition, including the price of our products and services, consumer satisfaction for the experiences we offer, and the frequency and availability of our products and services. If we are unable to compete successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

If we are unable to adapt to and satisfy customer demands in a timely and cost-effective manner, or if we are unable to manufacture our launch vehicles or space products at a quantity and quality that our customers demand, our ability to grow our business may suffer.

The success of our business depends in part on effectively managing and maintaining our commercial launch services, space products, manufacturing additional launch vehicles and spacecraft, conducting a sufficient number of launches to meet customer demand and providing customers with an experience that meets or exceeds their expectations. Even if we succeed in developing launch vehicles or producing space products consistent with our targeted timeline, we could thereafter fail to develop the ability to produce these vehicles or products at quantity with a quality management system that ensures that each unit performs as required. Any delay in our ability to produce launch vehicles or space products at rate and with a reliable quality management system could have a material adverse effect on our business.

If our current or future launch services or space products do not meet expected performance or quality standards, including with respect to customer safety and satisfaction, this could cause operational delays. Further, launch operations within restricted airspace requires advance scheduling and coordination with government agencies and range owners and other users, and any high priority national defense assets will have priority in the use of these resources, which may impact our cadence of our launch operations or could result in cancellations, launch facility transfers, additional costs or rescheduling. Any operational or manufacturing delays or other unplanned changes to our ability to conduct our launches or manufacture our products could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unable to manage our future growth effectively, which could make it difficult to execute our business strategy.

If our operations continue to grow as planned, of which there can be no assurance, we will need to expand our sales and marketing, research and development, customer and commercial strategy, products and services, supply, and manufacturing and distribution functions. We will also need to continue to leverage our manufacturing and operational systems and processes, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to scale the business and the manufacture of spacecraft as currently planned or within the planned timeframe. The continued expansion of our business may also require additional manufacturing and operational facilities, as well as space for administrative support, and there is no guarantee that we will be able to find suitable locations or partners for the manufacture and operation of our launch vehicles.

Our continued growth could increase the strain on our resources, and we could experience operating difficulties, including difficulties in hiring, training and managing an increasing number of employees, finding manufacturing capacity to produce our launch vehicles, rockets, spacecraft, space products and related equipment, and delays in production and launches. These difficulties may result in the erosion of our brand image, divert the attention of management and key employees and impact financial and operational results. In addition, in order to continue to

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expand our presence around the globe, we expect to incur substantial expenses as we continue to attempt to streamline our manufacturing process, increase our launch cadence, hire more employees, and continue research and development efforts relating to new products and technologies and expand internationally. If we are unable to drive commensurate growth, these costs, which include lease commitments, headcount and capital assets, could result in decreased margins, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Adverse publicity stemming from any incident involving us, our competitors, or our customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are at risk of adverse publicity stemming from any public incident involving our company, our people, or our brand, or our competitors or customers. If our launch vehicles, spacecraft or space products, those of one of our competitors, or satellites of our customers were to be involved in a public incident, accident, or catastrophe, this could create an adverse public perception of launch or manufacturing activities and result in decreased customer demand for launch and spacecraft services, which could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, and results of operations. Further, if our launch vehicles or rockets were to be involved in a public incident, accident, or catastrophe, we could be exposed to significant reputational harm or potential legal liability. Any reputational harm to our business or industry could cause customers with existing contracts with us to cancel their contracts and could significantly impact our ability to make future sales. The insurance we carry may be inapplicable or inadequate to cover any such incident, accident or catastrophe. In the event that our insurance is inapplicable or not adequate, we may be forced to bear substantial losses from such incident, adverse media, or accident.

We currently operate from a facility on a

month-to-month

lease.

The long-term lease for our headquarters in Alameda, California expired pending negotiations with the landlord, the City of Alameda. Following the expiration of our lease, we are currently operating with separate

month-to-month

leases applicable to each of the buildings on our Alameda campus, with letters of intent and license agreements in place with the city permitting us to occupy our existing facilities while we work to negotiate a long-term lease for the campus. While the City of Alameda has been a reliable lessor to date, we cannot assure that such arrangements will be available to us on terms similar to those we have with the City of Alameda moving forward or at all, or that our negotiations with the City of Alameda for a long-term lease will be successful. We have made significant investments in improving the facilities at our Alameda campus. If we cannot ultimately secure a long-term lease with the City of Alameda, we would need to continue to operate with the uncertainty associated with short term leasing arrangements, and may need to utilize cash resources from operations or raise additional capital in order to construct additional facilities in other locations. In the event we need to vacate our premises, we would need to secure other premises which could adversely impact employees, company operations, meeting customer deadlines and scheduling of our commercial launches and would be unable to recoup the investments we have made into improving the facilities at our Alameda campus. The impact to our company operations could result in the loss of customers and therefore lost revenues and harm to our reputation to win future customers.

Regulatory, availability, and other challenges may delay our progress in establishing the number of launch sites we require for our targeted annual launch rate, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to grow our business.

Part of our strategy involves increasing our launch capability and approaching a more frequent than monthly launch capability by 2025. Our ability to achieve a more frequent than monthly launch capability by 2025 will depend on our ability to add new launch sites. We currently operate launch sites at the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska, and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Florida, and we expect to enter into a variety of arrangements to secure additional launch sites, which may include ownership, leasing, licensing, and permitting in the United States and outside the United States. We have in the past and may in the

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future experience delays in our efforts to secure additional launch sites around the globe based upon our customers’ inclination needs. Challenges as a result of regulatory processes or in our ability to secure the necessary permissions to establish these launch sites could delay our ability to achieve our target cadence and could adversely affect our business.

We rely on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and supplied components. We may not be able to obtain sufficient raw materials or supplied components to meet our manufacturing and operating needs, or obtain such materials on favorable terms, which could impair our ability to fulfill our orders in a timely manner or increase our costs of production.

Our ability to manufacture our launch vehicles is dependent upon sufficient availability of raw materials and supplied components, which we secure from a limited number of suppliers. Our reliance on suppliers to secure these raw materials and supplied components exposes us to volatility in the prices and availability of these materials. We may not be able to obtain sufficient supply of raw materials or supplied components, on favorable terms or at all, which could result in delays in manufacture of our spacecraft or increased costs.

In addition, we have in the past and may in the future experience delays in manufacture or operation as we go through the requalification process with any replacement third-party supplier, as well as the limitations imposed by ITAR and other restrictions on transfer of sensitive technologies. Additionally, the imposition of tariffs on such raw materials or supplied components could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Prolonged disruptions in the supply of any of our key raw materials or components, difficulty qualifying new sources of supply, implementing use of replacement materials or new sources of supply or any volatility in prices could have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate in a cost-efficient, timely manner and could cause us to experience cancellations or delays of scheduled launches, customer cancellations or reductions in our prices and margins, any of which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Failure to maintain adequate financial, information technology and management processes and controls could result in material weaknesses which could lead to errors in our financial reporting, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Astra, as a large accelerated filer would be subject to the SEC’s internal control over financial reporting management and auditor attestation requirements for our next fiscal year ending December 31, 2022 if we continue to be a large accelerated filer as determined as of the end of June 30, 2022. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. In addition, our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of poor design and changes in our business, including increased complexity resulting from any international expansion. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could adversely affect the results of assessments by our independent registered public accounting firm and their attestation reports.

If we are unable to certify the effectiveness of our internal controls, or if our internal controls have material weaknesses, we may not detect errors in a timely manner, our financial statements could be misstated, we could be subject to regulatory scrutiny and a loss of confidence by stakeholders, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations and adversely affect the market price of our securities.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and may identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal control, which may result in material misstatements of our financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations.

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of

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our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Specifically, the material weaknesses we have identified are:

Control Environment

• We did not maintain an effective control environment to enable the identification and mitigation of risks of material accounting errors based on the following control deficiencies:

• We did not design and maintain effective controls over segregation of duties and related conflicts with respect to our information technology systems, including administrative access to our financially relevant information technology systems.

• We did not design and maintain effective controls over formalizing our accounting policies and procedures.

• We did not design and maintain effective controls over preparing and recording journal entries within our accounting systems related thereto.

• We did not maintain effective controls over accounting for complex transactions and instruments, including, the inaccurate accounting for Public and Private Placement Warrants and the inaccurate application of conversion accounting related to our convertible instruments in connection with the restatement of our financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2021 as set forth in our Form 10-Q/A (Amendment No. 1) filed with the SEC on October 22, 2021.

Risk Assessment

We did not design and implement an effective risk assessment, including: (i) identifying, assessing, and communicating appropriate objectives, (ii) identifying and analyzing risks to achieve these objectives, and (iii) identifying and assessing changes in the business that could impact our system of internal controls.

Control Activities

We did not design and implement effective control activities as the control activities did not adequately (i) address relevant risks, (ii) provide evidence of performance, (iii) provide appropriate segregation of duties, or (iv) operate at a level of precision to identify all potentially material errors.

Information and Communication

We did not generate and provide quality information and communication relating to communicating accurate information internally and externally, including providing information pursuant to objectives, responsibilities, and functions of internal control.

Monitoring Activities

We did not design and implement effective monitoring activities as we did not maintain effective monitoring controls to ascertain whether the components of internal control are present and functioning.

We are in the process of designing and implementing measures to improve our internal control over financial reporting to remediate the material weaknesses described above, primarily by implementing additional review procedures within our accounting and finance department, hiring additional personnel within the Company’s accounting and finance function, designing and implementing information technology and application controls in our financially significant systems, providing internal resources with enhanced access to accounting literature and research materials, engaging additional external accounting experts to supplement our internal resources and increasing communication with third-party professionals with whom we consult regarding the application of accounting standards on complex transactions and instruments. While we are designing and implementing

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measures to remediate the material weaknesses, we cannot predict the success of such measures or the outcome of our assessment of these measures at this time. We can give no assurance that these measures will remediate the weaknesses in internal control or that additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial statements that may lead to a restatement of our financial statements or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.

As a public company, we are required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for each annual report on Form

10-K

to be filed with the SEC, and must be compliant, for the first time, in the year ended December 31, 2022. This assessment will require disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. We are required to disclose changes made in our internal control and our financial reporting procedures on a quarterly basis. To comply with the requirements of being a public company, we expect to need to undertake various actions, such as implementing new internal controls and procedures and hiring accounting or internal audit staff. Failure to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could potentially subject us to sanctions or investigations by the SEC, Nasdaq or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources.

We may face litigation and other risks as a result of the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and the restatement of our financial statements.

The Company, in consultation with the Audit Committee and Company’s management, determined that it was appropriate to restate our previously filed financial statements for the period ended June 30, 2021. As part of the restatement, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting.

As a result of such material weakness and such restatement, we face potential for litigation or other disputes which may include, among others, claims invoking the federal and state securities laws, contractual claims or other claims arising from the restatement and material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements. As of the date of this prospectus, Astra is currently a defendant in two actions alleging violations of federal securities laws. Please see “Legal Proceedings” below for more information about these actions. We can provide no assurance that additional litigation or dispute will not arise in the future. Any such litigation or dispute, whether successful or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We are subject to environmental regulation and may incur substantial costs or have operational disruptions.

We are subject to federal, state, local, and foreign laws, regulations and ordinances relating to the protection of the environment, including those relating to emissions to the air, discharges to surface and subsurface waters, safe drinking water, greenhouse gases and the management of hazardous substances, oils and waste materials. Federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment may require a current or previous owner or operator of real estate to investigate and remediate hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at or from the property which could result in operational disruptions. Under federal law, generators of waste materials, and current and former owners or operators of facilities, can be subject to liability for investigation and remediation costs at locations that have been identified as requiring response actions. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations can require significant expenditures. In addition, we could incur costs or have operational disruptions to comply with such current or future laws and regulations, the violation of which could lead to substantial fines, penalties and operational costs.

We may have to pay governmental entities or third parties for property damage and for investigation and remediation costs that they incurred in connection with any contamination at our current and former properties without regard to whether we knew of or caused the presence of the contaminants. We may also have to suspend operations until we have remediated and the investigation is closed. Liability under these laws may be strict, joint

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and several, meaning that we could be liable for the costs of cleaning up environmental contamination regardless of fault or the amount of waste directly attributable to us. Even if more than one person may have been responsible for the contamination, each person covered by these environmental laws may be held responsible for all of the

clean-up

costs incurred. Environmental liabilities could arise and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and performance. We do not believe, however, that pending environmental regulatory developments in this area will have a material effect on our capital expenditures or otherwise materially adversely affect its operations, operating costs, or competitive position.

The

COVID-19

pandemic has and could continue to negatively affect various aspects of our business, make it more difficult for us to meet our obligations to our customers, and result in reduced demand for our products and services.

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, and it has since spread throughout other parts of the world, including the United States. Any outbreak of contagious diseases or other adverse public health developments could have a material adverse effect on our business operations. These impacts to our operations have included, and could again in the future include, disruptions or restrictions on the ability of our employees’ and customers’ to travel or our ability to pursue collaborations and other business transactions, travel to customers and/or conduct live demonstrations of our products and oversee the activities of our third-party manufacturers and suppliers. We may also be impacted by the temporary closure of the facilities of suppliers, manufacturers or customers.

In an effort to halt the outbreak of

COVID-19,

a number of countries, including the United States, had placed significant restrictions on travel and many businesses had announced extended closures. These travel restrictions and business closures had adversely impacted our operations, including our ability to manufacture, market, sell, or distribute our products. Such restrictions and closure had caused temporary closures of the facilities of our suppliers, manufacturers or customers.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2021, there has been a trend in many parts of the world of increasing availability and administration of vaccines against

COVID-19,

as well as an easing of restrictions on social, business, travel and government activities and functions. On the other hand, infection rates and regulations continue to fluctuate in various regions and there are ongoing global impacts resulting from the pandemic, including challenges and increases in costs for logistics and supply chains, such as increased intermittent supplier delays and a shortfall of semiconductor supply. We have also previously been affected by employment and compensation adjustments, and impediments to administrative activities supporting our product deliveries and deployments.

Ultimately, we cannot predict the duration of the

COVID-19

pandemic. We will continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions to remain flexible and to optimize and evolve our business as appropriate and deploy our production, workforce and other resources accordingly. In addition, a significant outbreak of contagious diseases in the human population could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that could affect demand for our products and adversely impact our operating results.

We may experience difficulties in integrating the operations of acquired companies into our business and in realizing the expected benefits of these acquisitions.

Acquisitions involve numerous risks, any of which could harm our business and negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. The success of our acquisitions will depend in part on our ability to realize the anticipated business opportunities from combining their and our operations in an efficient and effective manner. These integration processes could take longer than anticipated and could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of each company’s ongoing businesses, tax costs or inefficiencies, or inconsistencies in standards, controls, information technology systems, procedures and policies, any of which could adversely affect our ability to maintain relationships with customers, employees or other third parties, or our ability to

26

achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions, and could harm our financial performance. If we are unable to successfully or timely integrate the operations of acquired company with our business, we may incur unanticipated liabilities and be unable to realize the revenue growth, synergies and other anticipated benefits resulting from the acquisitions, or fully offset the costs of the acquisition, and our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

A failure of our information technology systems, physical or electronic security protections, or an interruption in their operation due to internal or external factors including cyber-attacks or insider threats, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our operations are dependent on our ability to protect our employees, business systems, manufacturing capabilities, information systems, computer equipment and information databases from systems failures or malicious acts. We rely on both internal information technology systems, physical controls and policies, and certain external services and service providers to manage the

day-to-day

operation of our business, operate elements of our manufacturing facilities, manage relationships with our employees, customers and suppliers, fulfill customer orders and maintain our financial and accounting records. Failure of any one or more than one of our systems could be caused by internal or external events, such as incursions by intruders or hackers, physical intrusion or act, insider threats, computer viruses, cyber-attacks, failures in hardware or software, or power or telecommunication fluctuations or failures. The failure of our information technology systems to perform as anticipated for any reason or any significant breach of security could disrupt our business and result in numerous adverse consequences, including reduced effectiveness and efficiency of operations, increased costs or loss of important information or capabilities, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We have technology and information security processes, security and threat assessment plans and safeguards and periodic external service and service provider reviews in place to mitigate our risk to these vulnerabilities. However, these measures may not be adequate to ensure that our operations will not be disrupted or our financial impact minimalized, should such an event occur.

The ongoing military action by Russia in Ukraine could have negative impact on the global economy which could materially adversely affect our business, operations, operating results and financial condition.

On February 24, 2022, Russian forces launched significant military action against Ukraine, causing sustained conflict and disruption in the region. The full duration and impact of such actions remains to be determined. The military actions as well as actions taken by other countries, including new and stricter sanctions imposed by Canada, the United Kingdom, the European Union, the U.S. and other countries and companies and organizations against officials, individuals, regions, and industries in Russia and Ukraine, and actions taken by Russia in response to such sanctions, and each country’s potential response to such sanctions, tensions, and military actions could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and thus could affect our business, operations, operating results and financial condition as well as the price of our common stock. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions caused by Russian military action or resulting sanctions may magnify the impact of other risks described in the Form

10-K,

including impacting our ability to provide timely launch services to our customers or delaying our customers’ plans to use our services.

Certain future operational facilities will require significant expenditures in capital improvements and operating expenses to develop and foster basic levels of service required by our launch and space services, and the ongoing need to maintain existing operational facilities requires us to expend capital.

We operate out of our headquarters in Alameda, California, which consists of approximately 285,000 square feet leased from the City of Alameda. The campus includes two primary buildings. This includes the Skyhawk Development and Production Facility, with a fully built out machine shop, production facilities, and offices for administrative responsibilities as well as research and development, and the Orion Engine Testing Facility for rocket engine testing, research, and development that was originally constructed by the U.S. Navy for jet engine

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testing. As part of our growth strategy, we anticipate finishing out additional space in the Skyhawk Development and Production Facility to support the launch services offerings, as well as the build out of facilities for our space services offerings.

The building out of our Alameda campus and the construction of additional launch sites may require significant capital expenditures to develop, and in the future we may be required to make similar expenditures to expand, improve or construct adequate facilities for our launch services. In addition, there is no guarantee that we will be able to secure a long-term lease from the City of Alameda for our Alameda campus. In addition, as our Alameda campus and any other facilities we may utilize mature, our business will require capital expenditures for the maintenance, renovation and improvement of such existing locations to remain competitive. This creates an ongoing need for capital, and, to the extent we cannot fund capital expenditures from cash flows from operations, we will need to borrow or otherwise obtain funds. If we cannot access the capital we need, we may not be able to execute on our growth strategy, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures. If the costs of funding new locations or renovations or enhancements at existing locations exceed budgeted amounts or the time for building or renovation is longer than anticipated, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Failure of third-party contractors and suppliers could adversely affect our business.

We are dependent on various third-party contractors and suppliersto develop and provide certain of our components of our launch vehicles and space products and to provide critical services to our business operations. Should we experience complications with any of these components, which are critical to the operation of our launch vehicle or space products, we may need to delay our manufacturing activities or delay or cancel scheduled launches. We face the risk that any of our contractors and suppliers may not fulfill their contracts and deliver their products or services on a timely basis, or at all. We have in the past experienced, and may in the future experience, operational complications with our contractors and suppliers. The ability of our contractors and suppliers to effectively satisfy our requirements could also be impacted by such contractors’ and suppliers’ financial difficulty or damage to their operations caused by fire, terrorist attack, natural disaster or other events or our contractors’ and suppliers’ staffing challenges. The failure of any contractors and suppliers to perform to our expectations could result in shortages of certain manufacturing or operational components for our spacecraft or delays in spaceflights or the provision of critical services to us, all of which could harm our business. Our reliance on contractors and suppliers and inability to fully control any operational difficulties with our third-party contractors and suppliers, including their inability to timely provide us products and services necessary to our business operations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may require substantial additional funding to finance our operations, but adequate additional financing may not be available when we need it, on acceptable terms or at all.

Since our inception, we have financed our operations and capital expenditures primarily through raising venture equity, public and private financing. In the future, we could be required to raise capital through public or private financing or other arrangements. Such financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could harm our business. We may sell equity securities or debt securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner as we may determine from time to time. If we sell any such securities in subsequent transactions, our current investors may be materially diluted. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants, could have

pre-payment

penalties and could reduce our operational flexibility or profitability. We may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our development activities or future commercialization efforts. If we are unable to generate such additional funding, or if we are unable to do so on favorable terms, we may not be able to meet our liquidity needs and ultimately generate positive cash flows on our anticipated timeline or at all.

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Our business is subject to a wide variety of extensive and evolving government laws and regulations. Failure to comply with such laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We are subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations relating to various aspects of our business, including with respect to our launch system operations, employment and labor, health care, tax, privacy and data security, health and safety, and environmental issues. Laws and regulations at the foreign, federal, state and local levels frequently change, especially in relation to new and emerging industries, and we cannot always reasonably predict the impact from, or the ultimate cost of compliance with, current or future regulatory or administrative changes. We monitor these developments and devote a significant amount of management’s time and external resources towards compliance with these laws, regulations and guidelines, and such compliance places a significant burden on management’s time and other resources, and it may limit our ability to expand into certain jurisdictions. Moreover, changes in law, the imposition of new or additional regulations or the enactment of any new or more stringent legislation that impacts our business could require us to change the way we operate and could have a material adverse effect on our sales, profitability, cash flows and financial condition.

Failure to comply with these laws, such as with respect to obtaining and maintaining licenses, certificates, authorizations and permits critical for the operation of our business, may result in civil penalties or private lawsuits, or the suspension or revocation of licenses, certificates, authorizations or permits, which would prevent us from operating our business. For example, conducting commercial space launches in the United States require licenses and permits from certain agencies of the Department of Transportation, including the FAA, and review by other agencies of the U.S. Government, including the Department of Defense, Department of State, NASA, and FCC. License approval includes an interagency review of safety, operational, national security, and foreign policy and international obligations implications, as well as a review of foreign ownership. Delays in FAA action allowing us to conduct commercial space launches could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

Moreover, regulation of our industry is still evolving, and new or different laws or regulations could affect our operations, increase direct compliance costs for us or cause any third-party suppliers or contractors to raise the prices they charge us because of increased compliance costs. Application of these laws to our business may negatively impact our performance in various ways, limiting the collaborations we may pursue, further regulating the export and

re-export

of our products, services, and technology from the United States and abroad, and increasing our costs and the time necessary to obtain required authorization. The adoption of a multi-layered regulatory approach to any one of the laws or regulations to which we are or may become subject, particularly where the layers are in conflict, could require alteration of our manufacturing processes or operational parameters which may adversely impact our business. We may not be in complete compliance with all such requirements at all times and, even when we believe we are in complete compliance, a regulatory agency may determine that we are not. The timing of our launches depends on our ability to secure regulatory licenses from the FAA and the FCC, and no company has yet conducted licensed launches at the annual rate we are targeting.

We aim to mass-produce the world’s first daily space delivery system. A component of our near-term strategy involves increasing our launch cadence by accelerating our development and production efforts and adding additional launch sites. Our ability to achieve this increased launch cadence within the timeframe in which we hope to do so will depend on our ability to secure the necessary regulatory licenses from the FAA, the FCC and other regulatory authorities. To our knowledge, the applicable regulatory authorities to date have not granted such licenses to a company endeavoring to launch rockets with such frequency, and as a result our business is dependent upon a regulatory framework that is untested and unprecedented. Our failure to obtain the licenses necessary to support our anticipated launch cadence, or any delays or hurdles that present in our interactions with the FAA, the FCC or other regulatory authorities, could impact our ability to grow our business, could delay our ability to execute on our existing and future customer contracts and could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

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We are subject to stringent U.S. export and import control laws and regulations.

Our business is subject to stringent U.S. import and export control laws and regulations as well as economic sanctions laws and regulations. We are required to import and export our products, software, technology and services, as well as run our operations in the United States, in full compliance with such laws and regulations, which include the EAR, the ITAR, and economic sanctions administered by the Treasury Department’s OFAC. Similar laws that impact our business exist in other jurisdictions. These foreign trade controls prohibit, restrict, or regulate our ability to, directly or indirectly, export, deemed export,

re-export,

deemed

re-export

or transfer certain hardware, technical data, technology, software, or services to certain countries and territories, entities, and individuals, and for end uses. If we are found to be in violation of these laws and regulations, it could result in civil and criminal, monetary and

non-monetary

penalties, the loss of export or import privileges, debarment and reputational harm.

Pursuant to these foreign trade control laws and regulations, we are required, among other things, to (i) maintain a registration under the ITAR, (ii) determine the proper licensing jurisdiction and export classification of products, software, and technology, and (iii) obtain licenses or other forms of U.S. government authorization to engage in the conduct of our spaceflight business. The authorization requirements include the need to get permission to release controlled technology to foreign person employees and other foreign persons. Changes in U.S. foreign trade control laws and regulations, or reclassifications of our products or technologies, may restrict our operations. The inability to secure and maintain necessary licenses and other authorizations could negatively impact our ability to compete successfully or to operate our spaceflight business as planned. Any changes in the export control regulations or U.S. government licensing policy, such as those necessary to implement U.S. government commitments to multilateral control regimes, may restrict our operations. Given the great discretion the government has in issuing or denying such authorizations to advance U.S. national security and foreign policy interests, there can be no assurance we will be successful in our future efforts to secure and maintain necessary licenses, registrations, or other U.S. government regulatory approvals.

Under the “Exon-Florio Amendment” to the U.S. Defense Production Act of 1950, as amended (the “DPA”), the U.S. President has the power to disrupt or block certain foreign investments in U.S. businesses if he determines that such a transaction threatens U.S. national security. The Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”) has been delegated the authority to conduct national security reviews of certain foreign investments. CFIUS may impose mitigation conditions to grant clearance of a transaction.

The Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (“FIRRMA”), enacted in 2018, amended the DPA to, among other things, expands CFIUS’s jurisdiction beyond acquisitions of control of U.S. businesses. Under FIRRMA, CFIUS also has jurisdiction over certain foreign

non-controlling

investments in U.S. businesses that have involvement with critical technology or critical infrastructure, or that collect and maintain sensitive personal data of U.S. citizens (“TID U.S. Businesses”), if the foreign investor receives specified triggering rights in connection with its investment. We are a TID U.S. Business because we develop and design technologies that would be considered critical technologies. Certain foreign investments in TID U.S. Businesses are subject to mandatory filing with CFIUS. These restrictions on the ability of foreign persons to invest in us could limit our ability to engage in strategic transactions that could benefit our stockholders, including a change of control, and could also affect the price that an investor may be willing to pay for our common stock.

Natural disasters, unusual weather conditions, epidemic outbreaks, global health crises, terrorist acts and political events could disrupt our business and flight schedule.

The occurrence of one or more natural disasters such as tornadoes, hurricanes, fires, floods and earthquakes, unusual weather conditions, epidemic outbreaks, terrorist attacks or disruptive political events in certain regions where our facilities are located, or where our third-party contractors’ and suppliers’ facilities are located, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Severe weather, such as rainfall, snowfall or extreme temperatures, may impact the ability of our launch services to be carried out as planned,

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resulting in additional expense to reschedule such service, thereby reducing our sales and profitability. Terrorist attacks, actual or threatened acts of war or the escalation of current hostilities, or any other military or trade disruptions impacting our domestic or foreign suppliers of components of our products, may impact our operations by, among other things, causing supply chain disruptions and increases in commodity prices, which could adversely affect our raw materials or transportation costs. These events also could cause or act to prolong an economic recession in the United States or abroad. These events also could impact one or more of our suppliers or contractors or result in the closure of any of their facilities or our facilities, which would make it difficult to continue our commercial launch activities as planned or thereafter increase our launch cadence. These events may also delay our customers’ plans to launch their payloads. In addition, the disaster recovery and business continuity plans we have in place currently are limited and are unlikely to prove adequate in the event of a serious disaster or similar event. We may incur substantial expenses as a result of the limited nature of our disaster recovery and business continuity plans and, more generally, any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease, which could adversely impact our commercial launch operations.

Our prospects and operations may be adversely affected by changes in consumer preferences and economic conditions that affect demand for launch or space services.

Because our offerings are currently concentrated on commercial launch and space services, we are vulnerable to changes in consumer preferences or other market changes. The global economy has in the past, and will in the future, experience recessionary periods and periods of economic instability. During such periods, our potential customers may choose not to expend the amounts that we anticipate based on our expectations with respect to the addressable market for launch and space services. There could be a number of other effects from adverse general business and economic conditions on our business, including insolvency of any of our third-party suppliers or contractors, decreased consumer confidence, decreased discretionary spending and reduced customer or governmental demand for LEO launch vehicles and satellites, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may in the future invest significant resources in developing new service offerings and exploring the application of our proprietary technologies for other uses and those opportunities may never materialize.

While our primary focus for the foreseeable future will be on commencing our commercial launch activities, increasing our launch cadence and increasing the payload capacity of our rockets, we may also invest significant resources in developing new technologies, services, products and offerings including space services offerings. However, we may not realize the expected benefits of these investments. These anticipated technologies are unproven and these products or technologies may never materialize or be commercialized in a way that would allow us to generate ancillary revenue streams. Relatedly, if such technologies become viable offerings in the future, we may be subject to competition from our competitors within the commercial launch and satellite industries, some of which may have substantially greater monetary and knowledge resources than we have and expect to have in the future to devote to the development of these technologies. Such competition or any limitations on our ability to take advantage of such technologies could impact our market share, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Such research and development initiatives may also have a high degree of risk and involve unproven business strategies and technologies with which we have limited operating or development experience. They may involve claims and liabilities (including, but not limited to, personal injury claims), expenses, regulatory challenges and other risks that we may not be able to anticipate. There can be no assurance that customer demand for such initiatives will exist or be sustained at the levels that we anticipate, or that any of these initiatives will gain sufficient traction or market acceptance to generate sufficient revenue to offset any new expenses or liabilities associated with these new investments. Further, any such research and development efforts could distract management from current operations, and would divert capital and other resources from our more established offerings and technologies. Even if we were to be successful in developing new products, services, offerings or technologies, regulatory authorities may subject us to new rules or restrictions in response to our innovations that may increase our expenses or prevent us from successfully commercializing new products, services, offerings or technologies.

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If we commercialize outside the United States, we will be exposed to a variety of risks associated with international operations that could materially and adversely affect our business.

As part of our growth strategy for our launch services, we aim to identify launch sites outside of the United States. As we expand internationally, we expect that we would be subject to additional risks related to entering into international business relationships, including:

• restructuring our operations to comply with local regulatory regimes;

• identifying, hiring and training highly skilled personnel in foreign jurisdictions to the extent required;

• unexpected changes in tariffs, trade barriers and regulatory requirements, including through the ITAR, Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”), and Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”);

• economic weakness, including inflation, or political instability in foreign economies and markets;

• compliance with tax, employment, immigration and labor laws for employees living or traveling abroad;

• foreign taxes, including withholding of payroll taxes;

• the need for U.S. government approval to operate our space systems outside the United States;

• foreign currency fluctuations, which could result in increased operating expenses and reduced revenue;

• government appropriation of assets;

• workforce uncertainty in countries where labor unrest is more common than in the United States; and

• disadvantages of competing against companies from countries that are not subject to U.S. laws and regulations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, OFAC regulations and U.S. anti-money laundering regulations, as well as exposure of our foreign operations to liability under these regulatory regimes.

Failures in our technology infrastructure could damage our business, reputation and brand and substantially harm our business and results of operations.

If our main data center were to fail, or if we were to suffer an interruption or degradation of services at our main data center, we could lose important manufacturing and technical data, which could harm our business. We are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, cyber security attacks including ransomware incidents, terrorist attacks, actual or threatened acts of war, power losses, telecommunications failures and similar events. In the event that our or any third-party provider’s systems or service abilities are hindered by any of the events discussed above, our ability to operate may be impaired. A decision to close the facilities without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problems, could adversely impact our operations. Any of the aforementioned risks may be augmented if our or any third-party provider’s business continuity and disaster recovery plans prove to be inadequate. The facilities also could be subject to

break-ins,

computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and other misconduct. Any security breach, including personal data breaches, or incident, including cybersecurity incidents, that we experience could result in unauthorized access to, misuse of or unauthorized acquisition of our or our customers’ data, the loss, corruption or alteration of this data, interruptions in our operations or damage to our computer hardware or systems or those of our customers. Moreover, negative publicity arising from these types of disruptions could damage our reputation. We may not carry sufficient business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses, exclusions may apply, that may occur as a result of any events that cause interruptions in our service. Significant unavailability of our services due to attacks could cause users to cease using our services and materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Any acquisitions, partnerships or joint ventures that we enter into could disrupt our operations.

From time to time, we may evaluate potential strategic acquisitions of businesses, including partnerships or joint ventures with third parties. We may not be successful in identifying acquisition, partnership and joint venture

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candidates. In addition, we may not be able to continue the operational success of such businesses or successfully finance or integrate any businesses that we acquire or with which we form a partnership or joint venture. We may have potential write-offs of acquired assets and/or an impairment of any goodwill recorded as a result of acquisitions. Furthermore, the integration of any acquisition may divert management’s time and resources from our core business and disrupt our operations or may result in conflicts with our business. Any acquisition, partnership or joint venture may not be successful, may reduce our cash reserves, may negatively affect our earnings and financial performance and, to the extent financed with the proceeds of debt, may increase our indebtedness. We cannot ensure that any acquisition, partnership or joint venture we make will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to many hazards and operational risks that can disrupt our business, including interruptions or disruptions in service at our primary facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our operations are subject to many hazards and operational risks inherent to our business, including general business risks, product liability and damage to third parties, our infrastructure or properties that may be caused by fires, floods and other natural disasters, power losses, telecommunications failures, terrorist attacks, human errors and similar events. Additionally, our manufacturing operations are hazardous at times and may expose us to safety risks, including environmental risks and health and safety hazards to our employees or third parties.

Moreover, our operations are primarily based in and around our Alameda, California campus, where our machine shop, production facilities, administrative offices, and research and development functions are located. Our Alameda, California campus also houses our facility used for rocket engine testing, research, and development. In addition, we also operate a facility in Mountain View, California and launch facilities in Kodiak, Alaska and Cape Carnival, Florida. Any significant interruption due to any of the above hazards and operational to the manufacturing or operation of our facilities, including from weather conditions, growth constraints, performance by third-party providers (such as electric, utility or telecommunications providers), failure to properly handle and use hazardous materials, failure of computer systems, power supplies, fuel supplies, infrastructure damage, disagreements with the owners of the land on which our facilities are located, or damage sustained to our launch pad could result in manufacturing delays or the delay or cancellation of our planned commercial launches and, as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, our insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover our liabilities related to such hazards or operational risks. Moreover, we may not be able to maintain adequate insurance in the future at rates we consider reasonable and commercially justifiable, and insurance may not continue to be available on terms as favorable as our current arrangements. The occurrence of a significant uninsured claim, or a claim in excess of the insurance coverage limits maintained by us, could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to adequately protect our proprietary intellectual property rights, our competitive position could be impaired and we may lose valuable assets, generate reduced revenue and incur costly litigation to protect our rights.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary intellectual property rights, including certain methodologies, practices, tools, technologies and technical expertise we utilize in designing, developing, implementing and maintaining applications and processes used in our launch systems and related technologies. To date, we have relied primarily on trade secrets and other intellectual property laws,

non-disclosure

agreements with our employees, consultants and other relevant persons, and other measures to protect our intellectual property, and intend to continue to rely on these and other means, including patent protection. However, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property may be inadequate, and we may choose not to pursue or maintain protection for our intellectual property in the United States or foreign jurisdictions. We will not be able to protect our intellectual property if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy our technology and use information that we regard as proprietary to create technology that competes with ours.

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Further, the laws of some countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, and mechanisms for enforcement of intellectual property rights in some foreign countries may be inadequate. To the extent we expand our international activities, our exposure to unauthorized copying and use of our technologies and proprietary information may increase. Accordingly, despite our efforts, we may be unable to prevent third parties from infringing upon, misappropriating or otherwise violating our technology and intellectual property.

We rely in part on trade secrets, proprietary

know-how

and other confidential information to maintain our competitive position. Although we enter into

non-disclosure

and invention assignment agreements with our employees, enter into

non-disclosure

agreements with our customers, consultants and other parties with whom we have strategic relationships and business alliances and enter into intellectual property assignment agreements with our consultants and vendors, no assurance can be given that these agreements will be effective in controlling access to and distribution of our technology and proprietary information. Further, these agreements do not prevent our competitors from independently developing technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our products.

Protecting and defending against intellectual property claims may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our success depends in part upon successful prosecution, maintenance, enforcement and protection of our owned and licensed intellectual property.

To protect our intellectual property rights, we may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect these rights. Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights and to protect our trade secrets. Such litigation could be costly, time consuming and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. Furthermore, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights may be met with defenses, counterclaims and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. Our inability to protect our proprietary technology, as well as any costly litigation or diversion of our management’s attention and resources, could disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. The results of intellectual property litigation are difficult to predict and may require us to stop using certain technologies or offering certain services or may result in significant damage awards or settlement costs. There is no guarantee that any action to defend, maintain or enforce our owned or licensed intellectual property rights will be successful, and an adverse result in any such proceeding could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.

In addition, we may from

time-to-time

face allegations that we are infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating the intellectual property rights of third parties, including the intellectual property rights of our competitors. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights that others may claim cover some or all of our technology or services. Irrespective of the validity of any such claims, we could incur significant costs and diversion of resources in defending against them, and there is no guarantee any such defense would be successful, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, contracts, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

Even if these matters do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor or without significant cash settlements, these matters, and the time and resources necessary to litigate or resolve them, could divert the time and resources of our management team and harm our business, our operating results and our reputation.

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The majority of our customer contracts may be terminated by the customer at any time for convenience as well as other provisions permitting the customer to discontinue contract performance for cause (for example, if we do not achieve certain milestones on a timely basis) which if terminated could adversely impact our results of operation.

We are subject to a variety of contract-related risks. Some of our existing customer contracts, including those with the government, include provisions allowing the customers to terminate their contracts for convenience, with a termination penalty for at least the amounts already paid, or to terminate the contracts for cause (for example, if we do not achieve certain milestones on a timely basis). Customers that terminate such contracts may also be entitled to a pro rata refund of the amount of the customer’s deposit. In addition, some of our customers are

pre-revenue

startups or otherwise not fully established companies, which exposes us to a degree of counterparty credit risk.

Part of our strategy is to market our launch services to key government customers. We expect we may derive limited revenue from contracts with National Aeronautics and Space Administration (“NASA”) and the U.S. government and may enter into further contracts with the U.S. or foreign governments in the future, and this subjects us to statutes and regulations applicable to companies doing business with the U.S. government, including the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”). These U.S. government contracts customarily contain provisions that give the government substantial rights and remedies, many of which are not typically found in commercial contracts and which are unfavorable to contractors. For instance, most U.S. government agencies include provisions that allow the government to unilaterally terminate or modify contracts for convenience, in which case the counterparty to the contract may generally recover only its incurred or committed costs and settlement expenses and profit on work completed prior to the termination. If the government terminates a contract for default, the defaulting party may be liable for any extra costs incurred by the government in procuring undelivered items from another source.

Our government contracts may be subject to the approval of appropriations being made by the U.S. Congress to fund the expenditures under these contracts. In addition, government contracts normally contain additional requirements that may increase our costs of doing business, reduce our profits, and expose us to liability for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. These requirements include, for example:

• specialized disclosure and accounting requirements unique to government contracts;

• financial and compliance audits that may result in potential liability for price adjustments, recoupment of government funds after such funds have been spent, civil and criminal penalties, or administrative sanctions such as suspension or debarment from doing business with the U.S. government;

• public disclosures of certain contract and company information; and

• mandatory socioeconomic compliance requirements, including labor requirements, non-discrimination and affirmative action programs and environmental compliance requirements.

Government contracts are also generally subject to greater scrutiny by the government, which can initiate reviews, audits and investigations regarding our compliance with government contract requirements. In addition, if we fail to comply with government contract laws, regulations and contract requirements, our contracts may be subject to termination, and we may be subject to financial and/or other liability under our contracts, the Federal Civil False Claims Act (including treble damages and other penalties), or criminal law. In particular, the False Claims Act’s “whistleblower” provisions also allow private individuals, including present and former employees, to sue on behalf of the U.S. government. Any penalties, damages, fines, suspension, or damages could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

If any customer were to unexpectedly terminate, cancel, or decline to exercise an option to renew with respect to one or more of our significant contracts for any reason, including as a result of our failure to meet certain performance milestones, or if a government customer were to suspend or debar us from doing business with such government, our business, financial condition, and results of operations would be materially harmed.

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Failure to comply with federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection, or the expansion of current or the enactment of new laws or regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection, could adversely affect our business and our financial condition.

We collect, store, process, and use personal information and other customer data, and we rely in part on third parties that are not directly under our control to manage certain of these operations and to collect, store, process and use payment information. Due to the volume and sensitivity of the personal information and data we and these third parties manage and expect to manage in the future, as well as the nature of our customer base, the security features of our information systems are critical. A variety of federal, state and foreign laws and regulations govern the collection, use, retention, sharing and security of this information. Laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection and consumer protection are evolving and subject to potentially differing interpretations. These requirements may not be harmonized, may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another or may conflict with other rules or our practices. As a result, our practices may not have complied or may not comply in the future with all such laws, regulations, requirements and obligations.

We expect that new industry standards, laws and regulations will continue to be proposed regarding privacy, data protection and information security in many jurisdictions. We cannot yet determine the impact such future laws, regulations and standards may have on our business. Complying with these evolving obligations is costly.

As we expand our international presence, we may also become subject to additional privacy rules, many of which, such as the General Data Protection Regulation promulgated by the European Union (the “GDPR”) and national laws supplementing the GDPR, such as in the United Kingdom, and similar laws in other countries which are significantly more stringent than those currently enforced in the United States. The law requires companies to meet stringent requirements regarding the handling of personal data of individuals located in the European Economic Area, or EEA. These more stringent requirements include expanded disclosures to inform customers about how we may use their personal data through external privacy notices, increased controls on profiling customers and increased rights for data subjects (including customers and employees) to access, control and delete their personal data. In addition, there are mandatory data breach notification requirements. The law also includes significant penalties for

non-compliance,

which may result in monetary penalties of up to the higher of €20.0 million or 4% of a group’s worldwide turnover for the preceding financial year for the most serious violations. The GDPR and other similar regulations require companies to give specific types of notice and informed consent is required for the placement of a cookie or similar technologies on a user’s device for online tracking for behavioral advertising and other purposes and for direct electronic marketing, and the GDPR also imposes additional conditions in order to satisfy such consent, such as a prohibition on

pre-checked

tick boxes and bundled consents, thereby requiring customers to affirmatively consent for a given purpose through separate tick boxes or other affirmative action.

A significant data breach or any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with any federal, state or foreign privacy or consumer protection-related laws, regulations or other principles or orders to which we may be subject or other legal obligations relating to privacy or consumer protection could adversely affect our reputation, brand and business, and may result in claims, investigations, proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or others or other penalties or liabilities or require us to change our operations and/or cease using certain data sets. Depending on the nature of the information compromised, we may also have obligations to notify users, law enforcement or payment companies about the incident and may need to provide some form of remedy, such as refunds, for the individuals affected by the incident.

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Our operating results may fluctuate significantly, which makes our future operating results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations or any guidance we may provide.

Our quarterly and annual operating results may fluctuate significantly, which makes it difficult for us to predict our future operating results. These fluctuations may occur due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including, but not limited to:

• the number of launch missions or space products delivery we schedule for a period, the price at which we sell them and our ability to schedule additional launch missions for repeat customers;

• unexpected weather patterns, maintenance issues, natural disasters or other events that force us to cancel or reschedule launches;

• the cost of raw materials or supplied components critical for the manufacture and operation of our rockets and launch equipment;

• the timing and cost of, and level of investment in, research and development relating to our technologies and our current or future facilities;

• developments involving our competitors;

• changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals or applications;

• future accounting pronouncements or changes in our accounting policies; and

• general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.

The individual or cumulative effects of factors discussed above could result in large fluctuations and unpredictability in our quarterly and annual operating results. As a result, comparing our operating results on a

period-to-period

basis may not be meaningful.

This variability and unpredictability could also result in our failing to meet the expectations of industry or financial analysts or investors for any period. If our revenue or operating results fall below the expectations of analysts or investors or below any guidance we may provide, or if the guidance we provide is below the expectations of analysts or investors, the price of our common stock could decline substantially. Such a stock price decline could occur even when we have met any previously publicly stated guidance we may provide.

We have been focused on developing launch capabilities and services since 2017. This limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate Astra’s future prospects and the risks and challenges it may encounter.

Because Astra has limited historical financial data and operates in a rapidly evolving market, any predictions about its future revenue and expenses may not be as accurate as they would be if it had a longer operating history or operated in a more developed market. Astra has encountered in the past, and will encounter in the future, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies with limited operating histories in rapidly changing industries. If Astra’s assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties, which it uses to plan and operate its business, are incorrect or change, or if it does not address these risks successfully, its results of operations could differ materially from its expectations and its business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The markets for launch and space services have not been well established as the commercialization of space is a relatively new development and is rapidly evolving. Our estimates for the total addressable markets for launch and space services are based on a number of internal and third-party estimates, including our contracted revenue and sales pipeline, assumed prices at which we can offer services, assumed frequency of service, our ability to leverage our current manufacturing and operational processes and general market conditions. As a result, our estimates of the annual total addressable markets for

in-space

infrastructure services, as well as the expected growth rate for the total addressable market for that experience, may prove to be incorrect.

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We are highly dependent on our senior management team and other highly skilled personnel, and if we are not successful in attracting or retaining highly qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.

Our success depends, in significant part, on the continued services of our senior management team and on our ability to attract, motivate, develop and retain a sufficient number of other highly skilled personnel, including engineers, manufacturing and quality assurance, design, finance, marketing, sales and support personnel. Our senior management team has extensive experience in the aerospace industry, and we believe that their depth of experience is instrumental to our continued success. The loss of any one or more members of our senior management team, for any reason, including resignation or retirement, could impair our ability to execute our business strategy and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Competition for qualified highly skilled personnel can be strong, and we can provide no assurance that we will be successful in attracting or retaining such personnel now or in the future. We have commenced commercial launch operations in early 2022, and our estimates of the required team size to support our estimated flight rates may require increases in staffing levels that may require significant capital expenditure. Further, any inability to recruit, develop and retain qualified employees may result in high employee turnover and may force us to pay significantly higher wages, which may harm our profitability. The loss of any key employee or our inability to recruit, develop and retain these individuals as needed, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The increase in

non-U.S.

sales could lead to incidents in violation of U.S. and international anti-corruption laws.

Our

non-U.S.

sales are subject to both U.S. and

non-U.S.

governmental regulations and procurement policies and practices, including regulations relating to import-export control, tariffs, investment, exchange controls, anti-corruption laws, and repatriation of earnings.

Non-U.S.

sales are also subject to varying currency, political and economic risks. The violation of any regulation could adversely affect our plans for international expansion.

We may become involved in litigation that may materially adversely affect us.

From time to time, we may become involved in various legal proceedings relating to matters incidental to the ordinary course of our business, supplier, customer, or relationships with third-parties, including intellectual property, commercial, product liability, employment, class action, whistleblower and other litigation and claims, and governmental and other regulatory investigations and proceedings. Such matters can be time-consuming, divert management’s attention and resources from the operation of our business, and cause us to incur significant expenses or liability or require us to change our business practices. Because of the potential risks, expenses and uncertainties of litigation, we may, from time to time, settle disputes, even where we believe that we have meritorious claims or defenses. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable, we cannot assure you that the results of any of these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our business. We are currently a defendant in two actions, alleging violations of federal securities laws. Please see “Legal Proceedings” below for more information about these actions. We can provide no assurance that additional litigation or dispute will not arise in the future. While we believe these actions are not meritorious, these actions (and any future litigation or dispute), whether successful or not, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Further, while we have insurance to cover the defense of the existing actions, the amount of our retention is $20 million and we will need to incur costs in that amount before we will be eligible for assistance from our insurer.

Astra needs to meet multiple security requirements in order to meet ongoing requirements for participation in government contracts. The inability to meet regulatory requirements or security standards may mean a failure to win contracts, receive security clearance certifications, and loss of current and future business.

U.S. government contracts generally are subject to FAR, agency-specific regulations that supplement FAR, such as the Department of Defense’s Federal Acquisition Regulations, and other applicable laws, security

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requirements, and regulations. These regulations impose a broad range of requirements, many of which are unique to U.S. government contracting, including various procurement, import and export, security, contract pricing and cost, contract termination and adjustments, mandatory disclosure, and audit requirements. Our failure to comply with these regulations, agency or government entity processes or opinions, and requirements could result in an inability to acquire government contracts, reductions of the value of contracts, contract modifications or termination, inability to bill and collect receivables from customers, and the assessment of penalties and fines that could lead to suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting or subcontracting.

Changes in tax laws or regulations may increase tax uncertainty and adversely affect results of our operations and our effective tax rate.

We are subject to complex and evolving U.S. tax laws and regulations, which might in the future make changes to corporate income tax rates, the treatment of foreign earnings, if any, or other income tax laws that could affect our future income tax provision and reduce our earnings while increasing the complexity, burden and cost of tax compliance.

Our determination of our tax liability is subject to review by applicable tax authorities. Any adverse outcome of such a review could harm our results of operations and financial condition. The determination of our tax liabilities requires significant judgement, and, in the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is complex and uncertain. In addition, our future effective tax rates could be favorably or unfavorably affected by changes in tax rates, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, the effectiveness of our tax planning strategies or changes in tax laws or their interpretation. Such changes could have an adverse effect on our financial condition.

Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, as a result of these and other factors, the ultimate amount of our tax obligations owed might differ from the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements and any such difference could harm our results of operations in future periods in which we change our estimates of our tax obligations or in which the ultimate tax outcome is determined.

Our ability to use our net operating losses to offset future taxable income could be subject to certain limitations.

As of December 31, 2021, we have net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) available to reduce future taxable income. However, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, a corporation that undergoes an “ownership change” (as defined by the Code) may be subject to limitations on its ability to utilize its

pre-change

NOLs and other tax attributes such as research tax credits to offset future taxable income. If it is determined that we have in the past experienced an ownership change, or if we undergo one or more ownership changes as a result of future transactions in our stock, then our ability to utilize NOLs and other

pre-change

tax attributes could be limited by Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, and similar state provisions. Future changes in our stock ownership, many of which are outside of our control, could result in an ownership change under Section 382 or 383 of the Code. Furthermore, our ability to utilize NOLs of any companies that we acquire in the future may be subject to limitations. For these reasons, we might not be able to utilize our NOLs, even if we maintain profitability.

The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer, which limits an investor’s ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.

Shares of our Class B common stock have 10 votes per share, while shares of our Class A common stock have one vote per share. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technology Officer (the “Astra Founders”), collectively, hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. Accordingly, the Astra Founders hold approximately seventy-three percent (73%) of the voting power of our capital stock and are able to control matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments of

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our organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transactions. The Astra Founders may have interests that differ from other investors and may vote in a way with which other investors disagree and which may be adverse to their interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of the Company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of the Company, and might ultimately affect the market price of shares of our Class A common stock.

We cannot predict the impact our dual class structure may have on the stock price of our Class A common stock.

We cannot predict whether our dual class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Class A common stock or in adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers have announced restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes. Under these policies, our dual class capital structure would make us ineligible for inclusion in certain indices, and as a result, mutual funds, exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles that attempt to passively track those indices will not be investing in our stock. It is unclear what effect, if any, these policies will have on the valuations of publicly traded companies excluded from such indices, but it is possible that they may depress valuations, as compared to similar companies that are included. As a result, the market price of shares of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected.

Our stock price has been, and likely will continue to be, volatile.

The market price of our common stock has in the past been, and is likely to continue in the future to be, volatile. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, the Nasdaq closing price of one share of our Class A common stock reached a high of $21.15 and a low of $6.93. As of April 21, 2022, the closing share price of a share of our Class A common stock is $3.40. The volatility depends upon many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including:

• announcements regarding the results of expansion or development efforts by us or our competitors;

• announcements regarding the acquisition of businesses or companies by us or our competitors;

• technological innovations or new products and services developed by us or our competitors;

• changes in foreign or domestic regulations;

• issuance of new or changed securities analysts’ reports and/or recommendations applicable to us or our competitors;

• additions or departure of our key personnel;

• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial and operating results and degree of trading liquidity in our common stock; and

• political or economic uncertainties including the current military action between Russian and the Ukraine.

One or more of these factors could cause a decline in the price of our Class A common stock. In addition, stock markets generally have experienced significant price and volume volatility. This volatility has had a substantial effect on the market prices of securities of many public companies for reasons frequently unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the specific companies.

Delaware law and provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make a takeover proposal more difficult.

Our organizational documents are governed by Delaware law. Certain provisions of Delaware law and of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could discourage, delay, defer or prevent a merger, tender offer, proxy

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contest or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of Class A common stock held by our stockholders. These provisions provide for, among other things:

• the ability of our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;

• stockholder action by written consent only until the first time when the Astra Founders cease to beneficially own a majority of the voting power of our capital stock;

• certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;

• amendment of certain provisions of the organizational documents only by the affirmative vote of (i) a majority of the voting power of our capital stock so long as the Astra Founders beneficially own shares representing a majority of the voting power of our capital stock and (ii) at least two-thirds of the voting power of the capital stock from and after the time that the Astra Founders cease to beneficially own shares representing a majority of the voting power of our voting stock; and

• a dual-class common stock structure with 10 votes per share of our Class B common stock, the result of which is that the Astra Founders have the ability to control the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even though the Astra Founders own less than a majority of the outstanding shares of our capital stock.

These anti-takeover provisions as well as certain provisions of Delaware law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire the Company, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our stockholders. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares. If prospective takeovers are not consummated for any reason, we may experience negative reactions from the financial markets, including negative impacts on the price of our common stock. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause the Company to take other corporate actions that our stockholders desire.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

All of the securities offered by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Securityholders for their respective accounts. In December 2021, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A Common Stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of December 27, 2021 and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant. As a result, there are no Warrants outstanding as of this prospectus. We did not receive any proceeds from the redemption of the Public and Private Placement Warrants.

Unless we inform you otherwise in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, we intend to use the net proceeds from the exercise of the warrants for general corporate purposes including, but not limited to, working capital for operations, capital expenditures and future acquisitions. There is no assurance that the holders of the warrants will elect to exercise any or all of the warrants. To the extent that the warrants are exercised on a “cashless basis,” the amount of cash we would receive from the exercise of the warrants will decrease.

The Selling Securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities. We will bear the costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq listing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accounting firm.

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BUSINESS

Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to the business of Astra prior to the consummation of the Business Combination and Astra following consummation of the Business Combination.

Company Overview

Astra’s mission is to launch a new generation of launch services and space services and products to improve life on Earth. These services and products are enabled by new constellations of small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (“LEO”), which have rapidly become smaller, cheaper, and many times more numerous than legacy satellites. Launch vehicles, however, have not evolved in the same way — most rockets remain focused on serving legacy satellites and human spaceflight missions. As a result, we believe existing launch vehicles are too large, expensive, infrequently launched, and insufficiently responsive to meet the needs of the evolving space market.

We aim to solve this problem with the world’s first mass-produced dedicated orbital launch system. Our system consists of a small launch vehicle and mobile ground infrastructure that can fit inside standard shipping containers for rapid deployment anywhere in the world that our spaceports are located. Our rocket requires a launch site with little more than a concrete pad and only six Astra employees

on-site,

leveraging our highly automated launch operations. Our production system is designed to scale efficiently, which we expect to allow us to perform to hundreds of launches per year in the future. Our rocket’s payload capacity is tailored for the needs of modern LEO satellite constellations, allowing precise and rapid placement of individual satellites in their required orbits. We believe this makes Astra’s system more responsive and affordable than other launch alternatives for the thousands of LEO satellites planned in the coming decade.

We have made significant progress in the development of the system to date. On November 20, 2021, we launched launch vehicle LV0007 into orbit at an inclination of 86.0 degrees, an altitude of 500 km and velocity of 7.61 km/s, making Astra one of the fastest U.S. companies to have successfully demonstrated the orbital placement of a test payload. We commenced paid commercial launch services in 2022 and on February 10, 2022, we launched launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue, which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. Through our investigation process, we identified and have since corrected the issues that caused the error in the payload fairing’s deployment and addressed the software issue. On March 15, 2022, we conducted an orbital launch with launch vehicle LV0009, our second paid commercial launch, which successfully reached an Earth orbit and successfully deployed its payload. We apply an iterative approach to product development, emphasizing testing and learning as fast as possible through rapid iteration,

co-located

design, build, and test facilities, and frequent launches, which we believe is unique and the reason for our success to date. We have signed customer contracts for contracted revenue for our launch services, representing approximately 50 launches (as of December 31, 2021), which are expected to occur through 2025.

We view launch services as the first phase of our product and service offerings, with the ultimate single goal of building the leading space platform under a one operating segment model and one reportable segment. We intend to expand our product and service offerings to LEO operators to include launch services, space products and space services to achieve our space services platform model. Our integrated space services platform will allow our customers to focus on innovative applications rather than investing in bespoke satellite development and separately contracting launch services. Further details of our current and expected future service offerings are provided below.

• Launch Services — To provide rapid, global, and affordable launch services to satellite operators and governments in partnership with third-party spaceport providers globally. Our launch services includes services tied directly to our launch along with complementary services that are not part of our fixed pricing for which we charge a separate fee. We currently operate our launches from Pacific Spaceport

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Complex in Kodiak, Alaska and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Florida. We plan to add additional launch sites in diverse locations based on our customers’ inclination requirements and as we increase the frequency of launches.

• Space Products — To design and provide the space products based on the customers’ needs for a successful satellite launch and other products that we may sell in the future. Currently we offer two in space electric propulsion systems.

• Space Services — To invest in building our portfolio of space services which includes communication service and constellation services which will be based on a network of spacecraft that we intend to build and allow customers to access for use in their business. Specifically, our space services encompass all aspects of hosted satellite and constellation services, including hosting customer payloads onto our spacecraft, and delivering services, such as communication services.

2021 Highlights and Recent Developments

On June 30, 2021, Holicity consummated a business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement dated as of February 2, 2021 (the “BCA”), by and among Holicity, the Merger Sub, and Astra Space Operations

(“pre-combination

Astra”). Immediately upon the consummation of the Business Combination, Merger Sub merged with and into Astra Space Operations with Astra Space Operations surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity. Holicity changed its name to “Astra Space, Inc.”, and

pre-combination

Astra changed its name to “Astra Space Operations, Inc.”

On July 1, 2021, we, through our wholly owned indirect subsidiary, merged with Apollo. The fair value of the consideration paid as of July 1, 2021, was $70.8 million, net of cash acquired (the “Apollo Merger”). Apollo designs, tests, manufactures and operates propulsion modules to enable satellites to orbit in space.

On August 20, 2021, this propulsion module (known as the ACE thruster) achieved successful orbital ignition on board the Spaceflight Sherpa-LTE1 orbital transfer vehicle (OTV). The Sherpa OTV launched June 30, 2021 from SpaceX’s

Transporter-2

mission from Cape Canaveral, Florida. After successfully deploying all rideshare payloads, Spaceflight commissioned our thruster. This was our first attempt at firing the thruster in orbit and this thruster continues to fire in orbit.

On August 28, 2021, we conducted a test launch for the United States Space Force on our launch vehicle LV0006. The launch vehicle achieved an altitude of approximately 50 km before the range issued an all engine-shutdown command. The launch vehicle was not able to reach orbit.

On November 4, 2021, we filed an application with the Federal Communication Commission, under which we requested authority to launch and operate a

non-geostationary

orbit satellite system using

V-band

frequencies (the “Constellation”) as we work to build out our space services offering.

On November 20, 2021, we conducted our first commercial orbital launch for United States Space Force on our launch vehicle LV0007. The launch system successfully demonstrated the orbital placement of a test payload to an inclination of 86.0 degrees at an altitude of 500 km. The payload achieved an orbital velocity of 7.61 km/s. When we use the term “commercial orbital launch,” we mean a launch conducted pursuant to a license from the Federal Aviation Administration and we do not receive payment for some of our commercial orbital launches. Launch vehicle LV0007 took flight from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska.

On November 26, 2021, the Company issued a notice of redemption to redeem all of its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (“Redeemable Warrants”) outstanding as of December 27, 2021. In connection with the redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock in lieu of the redemption price of 0.2560374 shares of Class A Common Stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of

44

December 27, 2021 and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant, and aggregate of $0.1 million. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants were remeasured to fair value as of the exercise or redemption date, resulting in a gain of $25.7 million for year ended December 31, 2021, and classified within other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.

On February 10, 2022, we conducted a commercial orbital launch for National Aeronautics and Space Administration pursuant to which we were to deliver four CubeSats to

low-earth

orbit on our launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. Through our investigation process, we identified and have since corrected the issues that caused the error in the payload fairing’s deployment, and addressed the software issue. This was our first launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station and also the first launch under the Federal Aviation Administration new Part 450 launch license. Part 450 consolidates Parts 415, 417, 431 and 435 under a single licensing regime and is expected to make it easier for to obtain regulatory approval from the FAA for future launches.

On March 15, 2022, we conducted an orbital launch for three customers of Spaceflight, Inc. and confirmed our first delivery of customer payloads into Earth orbit. Launch vehicle LV0009 took flight from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska.

On April 12, 2022, we announced that LeoStella LLC had entered a contract with us to purchase multiple Astra Spacecraft Engines for LeoStella’s satellites.

Strategy Overview

Using our expertise in the mass production of small launch vehicles or rockets, we seek to provide customers with reliable, daily space delivery as well as

turn-key

space services. To accomplish this, we intend to:

• Increase launch capability. We plan to demonstrate a monthly launch capability by the end of 2022 and approach a more frequent launch capability by the end of 2025. In order to achieve these milestones, we are accelerating our development and production efforts and exploring locations for additional launch sites based on our customers’ inclination needs.

• Increase the payload of our rockets. We plan to increase the maximum payload capacity of our launch vehicle to meet the customer needs and demands through a process of iterative development and improvement.

• Commence commercial launch operations. In November 2021, we successfully launched launch vehicle LV0007 to an altitude of 500 kilometers successfully demonstrating the orbital placement of a test payload. We commenced paid commercial launch operations in the first quarter of 2022.

• Develop, license or acquire Core Technology. We plan to develop, license or acquire core space technologies that we expect to commercialize and incorporate into our launch vehicles, spacecraft and other infrastructure that we will use to deliver our product and space service offerings. These core technologies including, among other things, electric propulsion and solar power. For example, we acquired propulsion technology through our merger with Apollo Fusion, which we announced on June 2, 2021, and closed on July 1, 2021.

• Space Services offering. By 2023, we plan to commence offering an integrated spacecraft platform optimized for Astra’s launch vehicle and spacecraft. The goal is to allow our customers to focus on developing innovative payloads rather than designing or developing satellite buses or flying satellites.

Our ability to achieve these goals and objectives by our planned timelines are conditional upon a number of factors, including our ability to successfully and timely develop our launch vehicles and our ability to effectively

45

market and sell our services and products. See the section entitled, “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and subsequent filings with the SEC for additional factors that could affect our ability to achieve these goals.

Customer Overview

As of December 31, 2021, we have signed contracts for launch services. Our customers primarily include satellite operators, satellite manufacturers, government agencies and defense prime contractors. These signed contracts span over multiple customers and represents approximately 50 launches to be conducted beginning from year 2022 through year 2025. We have also entered into sales contracts with satellite operators and manufacturers for our space electric propulsion systems, which we expect to begin fulfilling in late 2022.

We expect a portion of our pipeline to continue to convert into new contacts for launch services and space products over the coming months. We believe that our traction to date is driven by our value proposition and direct marketing to potential customers. We note that a portion of this pipeline may not convert if we do not achieve certain milestones or if we are unable to keep up with the demand for our launch services from a production and delivery perspective.

Sales and Marketing

We plan to scale and accelerate our sales and marketing efforts and leverage industry partnerships to grow our customer base. Additionally, as we execute on our upcoming launches, we expect existing customers to expand their contracts with us for the deployment of their future satellites. New service offerings and sales models will be introduced over time to increase market share.

While we are currently focused on market for small-satellite launch services and our space products, we are in the early stages of developing our space services offerings. Our potential customer base for this service has significant overlap with launch services.

Unit Economics of Our Business Models

• Launch Services . Launch services are typically priced inclusive of the launch cost of the rocket and are offered as a price per rocket. The end price to the customer is fixed and depends on whether the launch is on a dedicated or ride share basis. In addition, we may offer certain customers bulk discounts, and other customers may elect to purchase add-on services which are priced separately. Costs for launch services are largely fixed in nature and include the operation of our factory and test facility. We embed the variable costs of manufacturing of the launch vehicle and labor into the price as well. The difference represents our unit margins.

• Space Products. Space products include design and delivery of a propulsion module which consists of a thruster, a power processing unit, tank and a feed system. Space products are priced considering the design and engineering requirements of the propulsion module. The contract price is fixed for the propulsion module and typically includes additional pricing for engineering services related to customizing the propulsion module. Costs for space products are largely variable in nature and include the time spent on design and engineering requirements and costs of manufacturing of the propulsion module which is embedded into the price. The difference represents our unit margins.

• Space Services. We are still in the early stages of developing our space services offerings and have not yet determined how this will be priced. This service is expected to generate revenue in two ways. The first is with the launch and initial delivery of customers payload to their desired orbits, which represent the same unit economics as described in above in launch services. The second is the communication services and constellation services provided through our spacecraft.

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Human Capital

Our employees are the cornerstone to our success. As of December 31, 2021, we had 324 employees, all of whom were full-time. Our workforce is primarily based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Prior to joining our company, many of our employees had prior experience working for a wide variety of reputed commercial aviation, aerospace, high-technology and world-recognized organizations.

Our human capital management strategy includes identifying, recruiting, retaining, incentivizing and integrating our existing and new employees, advisors and consultants. The principal purposes of our cash and equity incentive plans are to attract, retain and reward personnel through the granting of cash-based and stock-based compensation awards, in order to increase stockholder value and the success of our company by motivating such individuals to perform to the best of their abilities and achieve our objectives.

Our management team is comprised of our chief executive officer and his six direct reports who, collectively, have management responsibility for our business. Our management team places significant focus and attention on matters concerning our human capital assets, particularly our diversity, capability development and succession planning. Accordingly, we regularly review employee development and succession plans for each of our functions to identify and develop our pipeline of talent. Across our broader population, approximately 20.7% of full-time employees are women and 39.4% belong to historically underrepresented groups. As we build out the team, we are also investing in the infrastructure needed for continuous professional development, feedback, performance management, and other aspects of a healthy, growth-oriented and high-performing work culture.

Regulatory

Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”)

In order to conduct a launch, we must obtain a commercial space transportation license from the FAA. On August 18, 2021, the FAA granted a commercial space transportation license to us, allowing us to conduct flights of our launch vehicle (Rocket v3.0) from Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska to deliver customer payloads to LEO. This license is effective for launches on Rocket v3.0 through March 9, 2026. In addition, on February 4, 2022, the FAA granted us the first commercial space transportation license under Part 450, allowing for flights of our launch vehicle (Rocket v3.3) from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Florida, to deliver customer payloads into LEO. This license is effective through January 4, 2027, for launches on Rocket v3.3. Unlike other commercial space transportation licenses, Astra can request a modification of the Part 450 license to add additional launch sites for Rocket v3.3, which is expected to save us the time and expense of applying for a new license for launches using Rocket v3.3.

If there is a mishap during a launch, the FAA will require us to open an investigation into the mishap and we will not be able to launch until the investigation is closed, or the FAA has made a favorable public safety determination.

Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”)

The regulations, policies, and guidance issued by the FCC apply to the radio frequencies utilized during operation of our launch vehicles. When we communicate with our launch vehicles using any part of the electromagnetic spectrum, we are operating a space station to which FCC regulations apply. Operators of regulated space stations are required to hold and maintain compliance with proper licenses throughout the duration of any given mission.

The FCC recently enacted a new set of licensing guidelines for small satellites and related systems that may apply to future Astra launch vehicles or satellites manufactured by Astra. As a result, we may face a transition in license types from Special Temporary Authorization (“STA”) to the small satellite licensing guidelines. Additionally, the FCC is currently considering additional rules which could change the operational, technical and

47

financial requirements for commercial space operators subject to U.S. jurisdiction. If these, proposed rules become final, they could change system design and financial costs in order to comply with or secure new Astra spectrum licensure.

As a U.S. licensee, the regulations, policies, and guidance issued by the FCC apply to the operation of Astra’s future satellite constellation and satellite services. Radio frequency communications between Astra satellites, gateways and user terminals for operations within the U.S. market are regulated by the FCC, including both space stations (satellites) and earth stations (gateways and user terminals). Operators of regulated space stations and earth stations are required to hold and maintain compliance with proper licenses throughout the duration of operations. Additionally, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) defines international radio regulations, recommendations, and technical standards which all apply to Astra’s constellation and satellite services globally.

International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”) and Export Controls

Our business is subject to, and we must comply with, stringent U.S. import and export control laws, including the ITAR and Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) of the Bureau of Industry and Security of the U.S. Department of Commerce. The ITAR generally restricts the export of hardware, software, technical data, and services that have defense or strategic applications. The EAR similarly regulates the export of hardware, software, and technology that has commercial or

“dual-use”

applications (i.e., for both military and commercial applications) or that have less sensitive military or space-related applications that are not subject to the ITAR. The regulations exist to advance the national security and foreign policy interests of the U.S.

The U.S. government agencies responsible for administering the ITAR and the EAR have significant discretion in the interpretation and enforcement of these regulations. The agencies also have significant discretion in approving, denying, or conditioning authorizations to engage in controlled activities. Such decisions are influenced by the U.S. government’s commitments to multilateral export control regimes, particularly the Missile Technology Control Regime concerning the spaceflight business.

Many different types of internal controls and measures are required to ensure compliance with such export control rules. In particular, we are required to maintain registration under the ITAR; determine the proper licensing jurisdiction and classification of products, software, and technology; and obtain licenses or other forms of U.S. government authorizations to engage in activities, including the performance by foreign persons, related to and who support our spaceflight business. Under the ITAR, we must receive permission from the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls to release controlled technology to foreign person employees and other foreign persons.

See “Risk Factors” above. We are subject to stringent U.S. export and import control laws and regulations” for more information about the risks associated with the requirements of ITAR and EAR.

Environmental Law Compliance

We are subject to federal, state, local, and foreign laws, regulations and ordinances relating to the protection of the environment, including those relating to emissions to the air, discharges to surface and subsurface waters, safe drinking water, greenhouse gases and the management of hazardous substances, oils and waste materials. Federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment may require a current or previous owner or operator of real estate to investigate and remediate hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases at or from the property which could result in operational disruptions. Under federal law, generators of waste materials, and current and former owners or operators of facilities, can be subject to liability for investigation and remediation costs at locations that have been identified as requiring response actions.

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Available Information

Astra’s annual reports on Form

10-K,

quarterly reports on Form

10-Q,

current reports on Form

8-K,

and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through the website of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), www.sec.gov, and through the Company’s website, https://www.astra.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Astra also routinely posts press releases, presentations, webcasts, sustainability reports and other information regarding the Company on its website. The information posted on the Company’s website is not a part of this report.

Properties

We operate out of our headquarters and significant business operations in Alameda, California. We lease general office space in Mountain View, California and a testing facility in Merced, California. We believe the location of our facilities provides us with unique access to the technology and manufacturing expertise found in the San Francisco Bay Area. We are currently operating with

month-to-month

leases applicable to each of the buildings on our Alameda campus, with letters of intent and license agreements in place with the City of Alameda permitting us to occupy our existing facilities while we work to negotiate a long-term lease for the campus.

Our current facilities are adequate for our present operating needs. However, we are in the process of building out additional space on our Alameda campus to support the launch services offerings, as well as the build out of facilities for our future space services offerings.

We do not own any real estate.

Legal Proceedings

Discussion of legal matters is incorporated by reference from Note 18, “Subsequent Events” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements herein, and should be considered an integral part of this “Legal Proceedings” section.

In addition, on April 27, 2022, a stockholder derivative suit was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York styled

Gonzalez v. Kemp, et al.

, Case No. 22-cv-02401 (E.D.N.Y.). The complaint asserts claims against the current members of the Company’s board of directors and certain of its current and former officers for alleged breaches of their fiduciary duties, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, mismanagement, and waste of corporate assets, alleged violations of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), and for contribution under Sections 10(b) and 21D of the Exchange Act based upon the conduct alleged in the Artery Action described under Note 18 “Subsequent Events” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements herein. The plaintiff seeks monetary damages in favor of the Company in an unstated amount, reforms to the Company’s corporate governance and internal procedures, restitution including disgorgement of any compensation, profits or other benefits received, and reimbursement of the plaintiffs’ reasonable fees and costs, including attorney’s fees. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend it vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which appear elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under the caption “Risk Factors.”

A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 is presented below. A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Final Prospectus dated August 9, 2020 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4) on August 9, 2020.

Overview

Our mission is to launch a new generation of launch services and space services and products to improve life on Earth. These services and products are enabled by new constellations of small satellites in Low Earth Orbit (“LEO”), which have rapidly become smaller, cheaper, and many times more numerous than legacy satellites. Launch vehicles, however, have not evolved in the same way — most rockets remain focused on serving legacy satellites and human spaceflight missions and we aim to provide the world’s first mass-produced orbital launch system. While our primary focus remains the growth and development of our launch services offerings, we continue to develop other product and service offerings to support our overall mission to improve life on Earth from space. For example, on June 2, 2021, we announced the acquisition of Apollo and acquired its ACE propulsion system and, on November 4, 2021, we announced the filing of an application with the Federal Communications Commission for

V-band

spectrum assets to support a future constellation to further enable communications and connectivity.

Holicity Business Combination and Public Company Costs

We entered into a business combination agreement with Holicity Inc. (“Holicity”) on February 2, 2021. On the Closing Date, the previously announced business combination was consummated. Upon the consummation of the business combination, Holicity Merger Sub Inc. (“Merger Sub”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity, merged with and into Astra with Astra surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity (the “Business Combination”). Astra became a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity, which renamed to Astra Space, Inc. (“New Astra”), and Astra renamed to Astra Space Operations, Inc. upon the consummation of the Business Combination.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization. Astra was the predecessor and New Astra is the successor SEC registrant, meaning that Astra’s financial statements for previous periods will be presented in New Astra’s future periodic reports filed with the SEC. Holicity was treated as the acquired company for financial statement reporting purposes.

The most significant change in the post-combination Company’s reported financial position and results was a net increase in cash of $463.6 million. We paid $25.2 million in transaction costs relating to the Business Combination at the closing. We recorded a liability related to the Public and Private Placement Warrants of $56.8 million in the consolidated balance sheet on Closing Date.

As a consequence of the Business Combination, the Company trades under the ticker symbol “ASTR” on the Nasdaq. We hired additional personnel and implemented procedures and processes to address public company

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regulatory requirements and customary practices. We also incurred, and will continue to incur, additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting and legal and administrative resources, including increased audit and legal fees.

Acquisition of Apollo

On July 1, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of Apollo, a designer and builder of thruster propulsion systems for satellite programs. The acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred totaled $70.8 million, net of cash acquired. The consideration consisted of approximately 2,558,744 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock worth $33.0 million which value was determined based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the acquisition date, $19.9 million in cash and $18.4 million of the fair value of contingent consideration. The contingent consideration arrangement requires the Company to pay up to an additional $75.0 million, provided certain customer revenue-based milestones are achieved prior to December 31, 2023. If earned, the contingent consideration will be payable as follows: up to $15.0 million of cash and $60.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock, at a reference price per share equal to the then volume weighted average trading price over a

five-day

trading period prior to the business day prior to issuance. The contingent consideration is payable on a quarterly basis based on the milestones achieved. We estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation model. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. As of December 31, 2021, the contingent consideration recognized from acquisition of Apollo decreased to $13.7 million as a result of changes in forecasted revenues subject to milestone payments and the passage of time.

An additional $10.0 million of cash (“Cash Earnout”) is expected to be paid to employees of Apollo that joined Astra following the acquisition, subject to certain performance-based milestones, as amended. The Cash Earnout is accounted for as compensation expense over the requisite service period in the post-acquisition period as the payment is subject to continued employment with the Company which is payable after the achievement of each performance-based milestone. The Company assessed the probability of success of each performance-based milestone and determined that the Company has achieved certain performance-based milestones and it is probable that certain remaining performance-based milestones will be met. The Company recognized $5.8 million in compensation cost which was included in research and development expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 and $3.9 million was accrued in accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of December 31, 2021.

In addition, on November 22, 2021, the Company’s compensation committee awarded 1,047,115 performance stock units (“PSUs”) to the employees of Apollo who joined Astra under the Company’s 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan. The PSUs were negotiated as part of the acquisition of Apollo and are subject to certain performance-based and service-based vesting conditions. If the milestones are achieved, the PSUs would vest over four years with 25% of awards vesting on July 1, 2022 and the remaining 75% vesting quarterly beginning November 15, 2022, over the remaining 12 quarters only for the portion of PSUs that is eligible to become vested which will be determined based upon timely satisfaction of performance conditions. The number of PSUs vested will be determined by multiplying the total number of PSUs granted by the percentage of milestones achieved and by the percentage of PSUs that satisfy the time-based vesting condition on such time-vesting date.

Certain performance conditions under the plan are subjective and the number of PSUs related to these performance conditions do not meet the criteria for the grant date. Accordingly, 523,557 PSUs related to the performance conditions that are not subjective are considered granted as of November 22, 2021. The remaining PSUs issued did not meet the grant date criteria as of December 31, 2021. The Company will

re-assess

at the end of each reporting period if any further PSUs has met the grant date criteria and account for it in the period in which it meets the grant date criteria.

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As of December 31, 2021, the Company assessed the probability of success for the performance conditions that are not subjective and determined that the Company has achieved these performance conditions within the requisite period. Therefore, the Company recognized $0.5 million compensation costs related to PSUs for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Public and Private Warrants Redemption

As part of Holicity’s initial public offering (“IPO”) in 2020, Holicity issued 9,999,976 warrants to third party investors, and each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”). Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, Holicity completed the private sale of the 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. Each Private Placement Warrant allows the sponsor to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A common stock at $11.50 per share.

On November 26, 2021, the Company issued a notice of redemption to redeem all of its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (“Redeemable Warrants”) outstanding as of December 27, 2021. In connection with the redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the $0.10 redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Redeemable Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of December 27, 2021 and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants were remeasured to fair value as of the exercise or redemption date, resulting in a gain of $25.7 million for year ended December 31, 2021, classified within other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations.

COVID-19

Impact

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus

(“COVID-19”)

a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. The extent of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on Astra’s operational and financial performance will depend on various future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and impact on its customers, suppliers, and employees, all of which is uncertain at this time. Astra believes the

COVID-19

pandemic may adversely impact future revenue and results of operations, but Astra is unable to predict at this time the size and duration of this adverse impact. Astra has seen some signs of positive effects for its long-term business prospects and partnerships as a result of the pandemic. The

COVID-19

pandemic has created an even greater need for broadband internet access, and businesses are thinking differently about how their workforce can stay connected. There have also been recent government and commercial announcements about continuous investments in this area and we believe this will continue to support the growth of the small satellite market for the foreseeable future.

For more information on Astra’s operations and risks related to health epidemics, including the

COVID-19

pandemic, please see the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

Key Factors Affecting Our Results and Prospects

We believe that our performance and future success depend on a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including competition from better known and well-capitalized companies, the risk of actual or perceived safety issues and their consequences for our reputation and the other factors discussed under “Risk Factors.” We believe the factors discussed below are key to our success.

Commencing and Expanding Commercial Launch Operations

We are on track to achieve a monthly launch capability by accelerating production of our launch vehicles by the end of 2022, with a goal of reaching an even more frequent launch capability in the future. When we refer to a

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“commercial launch,” we mean a launch conducted under an FAA commercial launch license. With binding agreements for launches, our contracted revenue is significant, and we are in active discussions with numerous potential customers, including government agencies and private satellite companies, to add to our contracted revenue.

In December 2020, we successfully launched Rocket 3.2 to an altitude of 380 km, demonstrating orbital launch capability. We improved propellant depletion controls to address the findings from the December 2020 flight. In August 2021, we attempted a flight with launch vehicle LV0006, but the mission was aborted. During liftoff, fuel and liquid oxygen leaked from the propellant supply system attached to the launch vehicle. The leaked propellants mixed and ignited, which disabled one of the five first-stage engines. We analyzed the cause of the anomaly and implemented certain design changes to avoid having this issue in future. On November 20, 2021, we launched launch vehicle LV0007 into orbit at an inclination of 86.0 degrees, an altitude of 500 km and velocity of 7.61 km/s, making Astra one of the fastest privately-funded U.S. company to successfully demonstrated the orbital placement of a test payload. Astra achieved this goal in approximately five years from inception. We commenced paid commercial launch services in 2022 and on February 10, 2022, Astra launched launch vehicle LV0008. After a nominal first stage flight, the payload fairing did not fully deploy prior to the upper stage ignition due to an electrical issue which, together with a software issue, resulted in the upper stage not reaching orbit and the end of the mission. Through our investigation process, we identified and have since corrected the issues that caused the error in the payload fairing’s deployment and addressed the software issue. On March 15, 2022, we conducted an orbital launch for three customers of Spaceflight, Inc. and confirmed our first delivery of customer payloads into Earth orbit. To conduct our launches, we are required to receive commercial space transportation licenses from the FAA. Any delays in commencing our commercial launch operations, including due to delays or cost overruns in obtaining FAA licenses or other regulatory approvals for future versions of our launch vehicles or at future spaceports, could adversely impact our results and growth plans.

Lowering Manufacturing Costs and Increasing Payloads

We aim to be a cost-efficient dedicated orbital launch system provider. We plan to increase the maximum payload capacity of our launch vehicle to meet the customer needs and demands through a process of iterative development and improvement. We have invested approximately $35.9 million in our manufacturing facility through December 31, 2021 and we expect the facility will be at full capacity by the end of 2024. Please see the section entitled “Risk Factors” for factors that could affect our ability to realize benefit from investment in our manufacturing facility. While we believe that our estimate is reliable, the development of our manufacturing facility may take longer than planned, including due to delays in obtaining federal and state regulatory approvals of our final construction plans or any changes that are required to be made to those plans. Any delays in our achieving full manufacturing capacity could adversely impact our results and growth plans.

Expand Our Space Services Offerings

We are in the preliminary stages of developing our space services offering (which we previously referred to as “Satellite Services”), providing modular configurable satellite buses for customers, leveraging both

in-house

and partner-provided subsystem components and

in-house

design and integration services, as well as operational support of satellites on orbit, to

turn-key

provision of entire constellations, offering “concept to constellation” in months instead of years. Specifically, our space services encompass all aspects of hosted satellite and constellation services, including hosting customer payloads onto our satellites, and delivering services, such as communication services. These services are expected to allow customers to focus on developing innovative payloads rather than having to design or develop complete satellite buses or satellites or constellations, which we will provide, along with ancillary services that are likely to include telemetry, tracking and control (“TT&C”), communications, processing, as well as software development and maintenance.

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On November 4, 2021, we filed an application with the FCC, under which we requested authority to launch and operate a

non-geostationary

orbit satellite system using

V-band

frequencies (the “Constellation”) as we work to build out our space services offering to enable communications.

We expect to make significant investments in our space services programs. Although we believe that our financial resources, including the proceeds of the Business Combination and the related private placement, will be sufficient to meet our capital needs for at least 23 months from December 31, 2021, our timeline and budgeted costs for these offerings are subject to substantial uncertainty, including due to compliance requirements of U.S. federal export control laws and applicable foreign and local regulations, the impact of political and economic conditions, and, particularly in the case of our anticipated Spaceport offering, the need to identify opportunities and negotiate long-term agreements with customers for these services, among other factors. Please see the section entitled “Risk Factors”.

Key Components of Results of Operations

We are an early-stage company and our historical results may not be indicative of our future results for reasons that may be difficult to anticipate. Accordingly, the drivers of our future financial results, as well as the components of such results, may not be comparable to our historical or future results of operations.

Revenues

We have not generated any revenue as of December 31, 2021, as we were a developmental stage company until our first paid commercial launch, which occurred in February 2022. Following the commercial launch of our services, we expect to generate a significant portion of our revenues in launch services from delivering payloads into orbit. We also expect to generate revenues by delivering space products and space services to our customers in the future. Over time, we expect space services to grow more quickly and to represent a significant portion of our revenues after 2025.

Expenses

Research and Development Expense

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of internal and external expenses incurred in connection with our research activities and development programs. These expenses include, but are not limited to, development supplies, testing materials, personnel and personnel-related costs (including salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense), depreciation expense, overhead allocation (consisting of various support and facility costs) and consulting fees. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

We allocate research and development costs by function rather than by project, as a significant majority of our historical research and development spending was related to the initial development and testing of our underlying technology, including preparation for multiple test launches.

Our current primary research and development objectives focus on the development and finalization of our offerings. The successful development of these offerings involves many uncertainties, including:

• timing in finalizing launch and space systems design and specifications;

• successful completion of analyses and ground test programs to validate that new or changed designs perform as expected;

• successful completion of flight test programs, including flight safety tests;

• our ability to obtain additional applicable approvals, licenses or certifications from regulatory agencies, if required, and maintaining current approvals, licenses or certifications;

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• performance of our manufacturing facilities despite risks that disrupt productions, such as natural disasters and hazardous materials;

• performance of a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and components;

• performance of our third-party contractors that support our research and development activities;

• our ability to maintain rights from third parties for intellectual properties critical to research and development activities; and

• our ability to continue funding and maintain our current research and development activities.

A change in the outcome of any of these variables could delay the development of our launch and space systems, which in turn could impact the timing of commercialization of our offerings.

As we are developing and building our launch services, we have expensed all research and development costs associated with developing and building our launch services offering. We expect that our research and development expenses will increase in the short-term as we invest in improving and further reducing the costs of our launch system as well as developing and improving our space services offering.

Sales and Marketing Expense

Sales and marketing expenses consist of personnel and personnel-related expenses (including stock-based compensation) for our business development team as well as advertising and marketing expenses. We expect to increase our sales and marketing activities in order to grow our customer base and increase market share. We also expect that our sales and marketing expenses will increase over time as we continue to hire additional personnel to scale the business. We began incurring sales and marketing expenses in 2021.

General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel and personnel-related costs (including salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation expense) for personnel in executive, finance, accounting, corporate development and other administrative functions. General and administrative expenses also include legal fees, professional fees paid for accounting, auditing, consulting, tax, and investor relations services, insurance costs, and facility costs not otherwise included in research and development expenses and costs associated with compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and the stock exchange.

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

Our income tax provision consists of an estimate for U.S. federal and state income taxes based on enacted rates, as adjusted for allowable credits, deductions, uncertain tax positions, changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities, and changes in the tax law. We maintain a valuation allowance against the full value of our U.S. and state net deferred tax assets because we believe the recoverability of the tax assets is not more likely than not.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net primarily consists of gain on change in fair value of Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, fair value contingent consideration, mark to market derivate liability related to convertible notes and forgiveness of Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) Note and income from government research and development contracts.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or U.S. GAAP. Preparation of the financial statements requires our management to make a number of

55

judgments, estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amount of expenses, assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We consider an accounting judgment, estimate or assumption to be critical when (1) the estimate or assumption is complex in nature or requires a high degree of judgment and (2) the use of different judgments, estimates and assumptions could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements herein. Our critical accounting estimates are described below.

Business Combination

Accounting for business combinations requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the acquisition date, for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed,

pre-acquisition

contingencies, and contingent consideration, where applicable. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we have made are reasonable and appropriate, they are based, in part, on historical experience and information obtained from management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets we have acquired include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from product sales, revenue growth rate, technology royalty rate, expected life of the technology acquired, customer retention rate and discount rates. Critical estimates in valuing contingent consideration include, but are not limited to, forecasted revenues from new customers including probabilities of achieving it and discount rates. The discount rates used to discount expected future cash flows to present value are typically derived from a weighted-average cost of capital analysis and adjusted to reflect inherent risks. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that could affect either the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results. As of December 31, 2021, we have recorded a contingent consideration liability of $13.7 million based on assumptions and estimates which we believe are reasonable and appropriate. However, any changes in actual revenues as compared to forecasted revenues from new customers could have a significant impact on contingent consideration liability and could result in a maximum payout of up to $75 million.

Valuation of goodwill and long-lived asset

We perform an annual impairment review of our goodwill during the fourth fiscal quarter of each year, and more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment. To review for impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, whether performed annually or based on specific events or circumstances, considers various macroeconomic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. Those factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of our financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in our market capitalization below our net book value. After assessing the totality of events and circumstances, if we determine that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, no further assessment is performed. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units is less than its carrying amount, we calculate the fair value of that reporting unit and compare the fair value to the reporting unit’s net book value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its net book value, there is no impairment. Otherwise, we record a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of the goodwill. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. As of December 31, 2021, no impairment of goodwill is identified based on our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill.

We assess the impairment of long-lived assets including indefinite life intangible asset, definite life intangible asset and property, plant and equipment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include (i) significant under-performance relative to historical or projected future operating results,

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(ii) significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, or (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of long-lived assets under the accounting guidance is also highly subjective and requires significant judgment. In order to estimate the fair value of long-lived assets, we typically make various assumptions about the future prospects of our business and consider market factors to estimate future cash flows to be generated by the business, which requires significant judgment as it is based on assumptions about market demand for our services and products over a number of future years. Based on these assumptions and estimates, we determine whether we need to take an impairment charge to reduce the value of the long-lived asset stated on our consolidated balance sheets to reflect its estimated fair value. Assumptions and estimates about future values and remaining useful lives are complex and often subjective. They can be affected by a variety of factors including external factors, industry and economic trends, and internal factors, such as changes in our business strategy and our internal forecasts. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we have made have been reasonable and appropriate, changes in assumptions and estimates could materially impact our reported financial results.

Revenue Recognition

Astra adopted the requirements of the new revenue recognition standard, known as ASC 606, effective January 1, 2020, utilizing the modified retrospective method. Revenue for launch services and space products is recognized at a point in time when the Company has delivered the promised services or products to customers.

At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is expected to be performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices.

The transaction price will be defined as the amount of consideration in a contract to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, which is a fixed price stated in the contract. When a contract involves multiple launches or products, the Company accounts for each launch or product as a separate performance obligation, because the customer can benefit from each launch or product on its own or with other readily available resources and the launch or product is separately identifiable. The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation on an estimated relative standalone selling price basis. The Company’s process to estimate standalone selling prices involves management’s judgment and considers multiple factors such as prices charged for similar goods and services and the Company’s ongoing pricing strategy and policies.

Changes in judgments with respect to these assumptions and estimates could impact the timing or amount of revenue recognition.

Stock-Based Compensation

We use the fair value method of accounting for our stock-based awards granted to employees to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for the stock-based awards. We recognize compensation expense for time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) over the requisite service period based on the fair value of RSUs on the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is the closing market price of Astra common stock on the date of grant. We recognize compensation expense for time-based stock options and employee stock purchase plan, based on the estimated grant-date fair value determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model over the requisite service period. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires inputs that are subjective and require significant judgement and is impacted by the following assumptions:

• Expected Term — We use the midpoint between the vesting term and the original contractual term (contractual period to exercise). If the option contains graded vesting, then the vesting term is based on the vesting pattern.

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• Expected Volatility — The volatility is based on a benchmark of comparable companies.

• Expected Dividend Yield — The dividend rate used is zero as we have never paid any cash dividends on common stock and do not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

• Risk-Free Interest Rate — The interest rates used are based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term equal to the expected life of the award.

Certain stock options include service, market and performance conditions (“Performance-based stock options”). The fair value of performance-based stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Monte Carlo simulation model. Certain RSUs also include service and performance conditions (“Performance-based Units”). The fair value of performance-based units is the closing market price of Astra common stock on the date of grant. Awards that include performance conditions are assessed at the end of each reporting period whether those performance conditions are met or probable of being met and involves significant judgement. For performance-based stock options, stock-based compensation expense associated with each tranche is recognized over the longer of (i) the expected achievement period for the operational milestone for such tranche and (ii) the expected achievement period for the related share price milestone determined on the grant date, beginning at the point in time when the relevant operational milestone is considered probable of being achieved. If such operational milestone becomes probable any time after the grant date, we will recognize a cumulative

catch-up

expense from the grant date to that point in time. If the related share price milestone is achieved earlier than its expected achievement period and the achievement of the related operational milestone, then the stock-based compensation expense will be recognized over the expected achievement period for the operational milestone, which may accelerate the rate at which such expense is recognized. For performance-based units, stock-based compensation expense associated with each tranche is recognized over the longer of the expected performance achievement period of individual performance milestones and the implicit service period when the achievement of each individual performance milestone becomes probable.

We reverse previously recognized costs for unvested stock-based awards in the period that forfeitures occur.

Income Taxes

We follow the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between consolidated financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

We determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination. If it is not more likely than not that a position will be sustained, no amount of benefit attributable to the position is recognized. The tax benefit to be recognized for any tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is calculated as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon resolution of the contingency. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which judgment occurs.

Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as a component of the provision for income taxes. To date, there have been no interest or penalties recorded in relation to unrecognized tax benefits.

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Results of Operations

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

	For The Year Ended December 31,						Period over period change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2021			2020			($)			(%)
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	80,398		$	27,544		$	52,854			192	%
Sales and marketing		4,111			—			4,111			n.m.
General and administrative		74,752			45,950			28,802			63
Total operating expenses		(159,261	)		(73,494	)		(85,767	)		117
Loss from operations		(159,261	)		(73,494	)		(85,767	)		117
Interest (expense) income, net		(1,169	)		(5,659	)		4,490			(79	)
Other income, net		36,046			10,860			25,186			232
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes		(131,908	)		—			(131,908	)		n.m.
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes attributable to related parties		(1,875	)		—			(1,875	)		n.m.
Loss before taxes		(258,167	)		(68,293	)		(189,874	)		278
Income tax (benefit) expense		(385	)		—			(385	)		n.m.
Net loss	$	(257,782	)	$	(68,293	)		(189,489	)		277
Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock		(1,011,726	)		—			(1,011,726	)		n.m.
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,269,508	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(1,201,215	)		1759	%

n.m. = not meaningful.

Research and Development

Research and development costs were $80.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $27.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $52.9 million increase mainly reflected a $25.5 million increase in personnel-related costs and recruiting expenses for personnel in research and development departments due to an increase headcount, a $12.9 million increase in stock-based compensation expense, a $6.7 million inventory net realizable value write downs, a $3.0 million increase in technology licensed and software subscription licenses related expenses, a $2.9 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense and a $2.2 million increase in research and development materials expense with the remainder due to changes in other research and development expenses. These increases were to support our product roadmap and launch services.

Sales and Marketing

Sales and Marketing expenses were $4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. There were no sales and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 as the Company was primarily focused on research and development activities. The sales and marketing expenses primarily consists of personnel-related costs and consulting charges and increased mainly due to increased headcount.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses were $74.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $46.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $28.8 million increase was primarily due to a $12.0 million increase in employee costs due to increased headcount, a $6.2 million increase from transaction costs incurred and expensed by the Company in relation to the Business Combination and Apollo Merger, a

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$5.9 million increase in third-party consulting and recruitment costs due to the increased hiring, a $4.8 million increase in accounting, audit and legal related fees, a $3.7 million increase in insurance related expenses which is partially offset by a decrease in stock based compensation of $5.3 million, with the remainder due to changes in facilities costs, IT equipment fees, and software subscription fees.

Interest (Expense) Income, Net

Interest expense, net was $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $4.5 million decrease in interest expense was primarily due to the settlement of convertible notes on January 28, 2021, therefore we incurred $0.5 million and $5.3 million interest expense related to convertible notes for year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, offset by an increase of $0.3 million in interest expense related to the Bridge Loan and the SVB loan for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net was $36.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $10.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The $25.2 million increase in other income was primarily due to a $25.7 million in gain on change in fair value of Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants, a $4.9 million in gain on the forgiveness of PPP Note and a $4.7 million in gain on change in fair value of contingent consideration. This is partially offset by a decrease of $8.2 million in income from a gain on the

mark-to-market

derivative liability related to convertible notes, a decrease of $1.2 million in income from government’s research and development contracts and $0.8 million due to a nonrecurring payment to one of our investors.

Loss on Extinguishment of Convertible Notes

Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes of $131.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 was due to the settlement of convertible notes on January 28, 2021. There was no such loss for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Loss on Extinguishment of Convertible Notes Attributable to Related Parties

Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes attributable to related parties of $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 was due to the settlement of convertible notes attributable to related parties on January 28, 2021. There was no such loss for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

We recorded an income tax benefit of $0.4 million as the result of the Apollo Merger for the year ended December 31, 2021. We did not incur income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock

Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock of $1,011.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, was due to the

re-measurement

of Convertible Preferred Stock to its redemption value due to the likelihood of a redemption event becoming probable. There was no such adjustment for the year ended December 31, 2020.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

The following section discusses our principal liquidity and capital resources as well as our primary liquidity requirements and uses of cash. Our cash and cash equivalents are maintained in highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase. We believe our cash equivalents are liquid and accessible.

Our primary sources of liquidity as of December 31, 2021 consisted of $325.0 million in cash and cash equivalents (compared to $10.6 million as of December 31, 2020) and cash we expect to generate from operations. In addition, we may also generate cash from debt or equity financing from time to time. We had no debt outstanding as of December 31, 2021 (compared to $71.1 million as of December 31, 2020, of which $59.8 million represented outstanding principal on the Company’s convertible notes). On January 28, 2021, we settled the outstanding convertible notes into convertible preferred shares as part of the Company’s Series C financing, from which we also received $30.0 million in cash proceeds. In June 2021, we closed the Business Combination and related private placement, from which we received $463.6 million in net cash proceeds.

We measure liquidity in terms of our ability to fund the cash requirements of our research and development activities and our current business operations, including our capital expenditure needs, contractual obligations and other commitments. Our current liquidity needs relate to research and development activities, mainly in connection with the ongoing development of our technology, lease obligations and capital expenditures, which primarily relate to the development of our manufacturing facility.

We believe our expected future operating cash flows, together with our cash and cash equivalents, will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for a period of at least twelve months from the date of this prospectus. We expect a decrease in capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2022 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. For additional information regarding our cash requirements from contractual obligations and lease obligations, see Note 12

—

Commitments and Contingencies and Note 10 — Leases in the notes to consolidated financial statements provided in this prospectus.

Summary Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the periods presented below:

	For The Year Ended December 31,						Period over period change
(in thousands)	2021			2020			$			%
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(114,356	)	$	(32,850	)	$	(81,506	)		248	%
Net cash used in investing activities		(61,059	)		(2,186	)		(58,873	)		2,693
Net cash provided by financing activities		489,811			35,128			454,683			1,294
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	314,396		$	92		$	314,304			341,635	%

Cash Flows used in Operating Activities

Our cash flows from operating activities are significantly affected by our cash investments to support the growth of our business in areas such as research and development and general and administrative and working capital. Our operating cash inflows include cash from milestone billing under certain launch services contracts. These cash inflows are offset by our payments to suppliers for production materials and parts used in our manufacturing process as we ramp up our production, payments to our employees and other operating expenses.

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For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in operating activities was $114.4 million. The primary factors affecting the Company’s operating cash flows during the period were net loss of $257.8 million, gain of $25.7 million due to change in fair value of warrant liability, gain of $4.9 million due to forgiveness of PPP Note, gain of $4.7 million due to change in fair value of contingent consideration and deferred income tax benefit of $0.4 million. This offset by

non-cash

charges including a

non-cash

loss on extinguishment of convertible notes of $133.8 million, stock-based compensation expense of $39.7 million, inventory net realizable value write downs of $6.7 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $5.3 million,

non-cash

lease expense of $1.1 million and amortization of convertible note debt discounts of $0.4 million. Changes in operating working capital items is mainly due to increased headcount and

ramp-up

of our production and primarily reflect the increase in trade accounts receivable of $1.8 million, inventories of $12.9 million, prepaid and other current assets of $11.0 million, other

non-current

assets of $0.6 million, accounts payable of $1.3 million and accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $18.8 million. Changes in operating working capital items was partially offset by a decrease in lease liabilities of $1.2 million and other

non-current

liabilities of $0.8 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was $32.8 million, which was comprised of net loss of $68.3 million and a

non-cash

gain on mark to market derivatives of $8.1 million, offset by

non-cash

charges including stock-based compensation expense of $32.2 million, depreciation expense of $3.3 million, and amortization of convertible note debt discounts of $4.5 million. Changes in operating working capital items primarily reflect the increase in inventories of $0.6 million and accrued expenses and other current liabilities of $3.7 million. This is partially offset by decrease in prepaid and other current assets of $0.3 million and other

non-current

assets of $0.3 million.

Cash Flows used in Investing Activities

For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash used in investing activities was $61.1 million, which was comprised mainly of cash paid as purchase price consideration for the acquisition of Apollo, net of cash acquired of $19.4 million, acquisition of an indefinite-lived intangible trademark asset of $3.4 million and purchases of property, plant and equipment of $38.3 million mainly related to the construction of our manufacturing facility.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash used in investing activities was $2.2 million, which was comprised of purchases of property, plant and equipment of $2.2 million.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

For the year ended December 31, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities amounted to $489.8 million and consisted primarily of proceeds from the Business Combination and private offering, net of transaction costs, of $463.6 million, issuance of Series C of $30.0 million, borrowings of $10.0 million, issuance of stock under equity plans of $2.0 million and employee stock purchase plan of $0.8 million, offset by repayments on borrowings of $16.4 million and settlement of Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants of $0.1 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, net cash provided by financing activities amounted to $35.1 million and consisted primarily of proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes of $31.0 million, borrowings of $5.4 million and issuance of stock under equity plan of $0.9 million, partially offset by repayments on borrowings of $2.1 million.

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Commitments and Contractual Obligations

We are a party to operating leases primarily for land and buildings (e.g., office buildings, manufacturing and testing facilities and spaceport) and certain equipment (e.g., copiers) under

non-cancellable

operating leases. The following table summarizes our lease commitments as of December 31, 2021:

Year Ended December 31	Minimum Lease Commitment
	(in thousands)
2022	$	1,761
2023		1,655
2024		1,655
2025		1,655
2026		1,642
Thereafter		2,840
Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments	$	11,208
Less: Imputed Interest		2,324
Total reported lease liability	$	8,884

On May 25, 2021, the Company entered a contract with a supplier to purchase components. The Company is obligated to purchase $22.5 million of components over 60 months. The Company may terminate the supply agreement by paying 50% of the remaining purchase commitment at any point during the contract term. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company made total purchases of $0.4 million.

Apart from the aforementioned leases and purchase commitments, we do not have any other material contractual obligations, commitments or contingent obligations.

Compliance With Continued Listing Standards of Nasdaq

In conjunction with preparing the Form

10-K,

we became aware that at the end of 2021 our filer status changed from

non-accelerated

filer to large accelerated filer. As a result of this change in status, our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the “Annual Report”) was due to be filed on March 1, 2022 rather than on March 31, 2022. Under the Nasdaq listing standards, we are required to file our reports timely with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our Annual Report was filed late.

Our filing status is based on our public float as of June 30, 2021, which was also the effective date of the closing of the Business Combination. At the time of the closing of the Business Combination, our filing status was determined to be a

non-accelerated

filer, and we incorrectly believed that our status as a

non-accelerated

filer, based on our public float, did not need to be remeasured until June 30, 2022. We were required to recalculate our public float as of June 30, 2021, and our public float as of that date makes us a large accelerated filer, rather than a

non-accelerated

filer as we had previously believed.

When we discovered the change in our filing status, we promptly notified Nasdaq.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for more information about recently adopted accounting pronouncements and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted, including the timing of their adoption, and our assessment, to the extent we have made one yet, of their potential impact on our financial condition and our results of operations.

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MANAGEMENT

Board of Directors and Management

The following is a list of the persons who are Astra’s directors and executive officers and their ages and positions.

Name	Age		Position
Chris Kemp		44	Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
Adam London		48	Chief Technology Officer and Director
Kelyn Brannon		63	Chief Financial Officer
Martin Attiq		39	Chief Business Officer
Benjamin Lyon		43	Chief Engineer and Executive Vice President of Engineering
Michèle Flournoy		61	Director
Michael Lehman		71	Director
Craig O. McCaw (1)		72	Director
Lisa Nelson		46	Director
Scott Stanford		51	Lead Director

(1) Mr. McCaw’s term as a director of Astra expires at the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders, and he will not stand for re-election.

Chris Kemp

is our

co-founder,

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Kemp leads the overall company strategy and direction. Mr. Kemp founded Astra in October 2016. Mr. Kemp previously served as the Chief Technology Officer of NASA IT. During his time at NASA from November 2007 until March 2011, Mr. Kemp developed cloud computing strategy for the United States Federal Government with the White House and founded OpenStack, an open infrastructure software platform, which is the largest and fastest growing open source project in history, in 2010. Mr. Kemp currently serves on the Board of Directors at Scalr, an information technology and services company, and has served in that role since April 2015. Mr. Kemp has also served as an advisor to Planet Labs, an aviation and aerospace company, since January 2013, and Ripcord, a computer software company, since October 2015. Mr. Kemp previously founded and served as the CEO of three venture-backed

start-ups,

all of which are now owned by public companies. Mr. Kemp studied Computer Engineering at the University of Alabama in Huntsville and currently teaches at Stanford University.

Adam London

is our

co-founder,

Chief Technology Officer and serves as one of our directors. Dr. London helped to found Astra in October 2016 and has served as the Chief Technology Officer and director since then. Dr. London leads our technology strategy and long-term product roadmap. Dr. London

co-founded

and served as a managing partner for Ventions, LLC, which was our predecessor company, from January 2005 until September 2016. While at Ventions, LLC, Dr. London spent 10+ years leading initiatives to miniaturize high-performance rocket technologies, supported by funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, NASA, and other government agencies. Prior to founding Ventions, LLC and Astra, Dr. London served as an engagement manager at McKinsey & Company, where he focused on the automotive and manufacturing sectors. Dr. London holds a B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where his research culminated in the creation of a liquid-cooled chemical rocket engine smaller than a postage stamp.

Kelyn Brannon

serves as our Chief Financial Officer and has served in that role since December 2020. Ms. Brannon leads our finance and legal functions. Throughout her career, Ms. Brannon has served as the Chief Financial Officer for several companies in the information technology and software industries. Ms. Brannon previously served as the Chief Financial Officer at Asure Software from October 2017 until August 2020. She has also served as a self-employed Finance Executive Consultant from May 2015 to December 2020, through which she offered consultative services for board and audit committee presentations and corporate governance. Ms. Brannon was the Chief Financial Officer of Arista Networks, Inc. from July 2013 until April 2015. Prior to that, she was the Chief Financial Officer at Delivery Agent, where she prepared Delivery Agent for its Initial Public Offering. Ms. Brannon has a BA in Political Science from Murray State University.

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Martin Attiq

serves as our Chief Business Officer and has been with Astra since January 2020. Mr. Attiq leads our business development, partnerships, spaceports, space products and services, real estate strategy, communications and policy functions. From January 2016 until January 2020, Mr. Attiq served as the Vice President and Head of Strategic Partnerships for SigFig, a digital innovation company for retail banking and wealth management. Prior to that, from July 2005 to July 2015, Mr. Attiq was a Director at BlackRock, where he

co-founded

and helped scale the Financial Markets Advisory group. Mr. Attiq holds a B.S.E. in Industrial and Operations Engineering from the University of Michigan as well as an M.S. in Management from Stanford University Graduate School of Business where he was a Sloan Fellow.

Benjamin Lyon

has served as our Chief Engineer and Executive Vice President of Engineering and Operations since February 2021. Mr. Lyon previously served at Apple in various capacities since May 1999, most recently as Senior Director of the Special Projects Group since April 2014, and previously as Director of Sensing Hardware, Senior Manager of Sensing Hardware, Electrical Engineer – Technical Lead for Trackpads and Electrical Engineer for Input and Displays. Mr. Lyon holds a B.S. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University.

Michèle Flournoy

has served as one of the Company’s directors since August 2021. Ms. Flournoy’s career has spanned many roles in the defense and national security industry, ranging from research to advisory. She is the

co-founder

and managing partner of WestExec Advisors, a strategic advisory firm formed in early 2018. She previously served as the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy from February 2009 to February 2012, acting as principal advisor to the Secretary of Defense in the formulation of national security and defense policy, oversight of military plans and operations, and in National Security Council deliberations. She led the development of the Department of Defense’s 2012 Strategic Guidance and represented the Department in dozens of foreign engagements, in the media and before Congress. Ms. Flournoy

co-founded

the Center for a New American Security (“CNAS”), a bipartisan think tank, in 2007 and served as President until 2009. She returned to serve as the CEO of CNAS from July 2014 through December 2017. Ms. Flournoy is also the recipient of numerous honors and awards, and has edited and authored various works on a broad range of defense and national security issues. In addition, Ms. Flournoy has also served on numerous business and advisory boards, including her current service as a director for Booz Allen Hamilton and such as the following: Spirit of America, The U.S. Naval Academy Foundation, CARE and the Honorary Advisory Committee of The Leadership Council for Women in National Security. Ms. Flournoy is also a former member of the President’s Intelligence Advisory Board, the CIA Director’s External Advisory Board, and the Defense Policy Board, and is currently a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Aspen Strategy Group, and is a Senior Fellow at Harvard’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

Michael Lehman

has served as one of the Company’s directors since June 30, 2021. Mr. Lehman served the University of Wisconsin in various capacities from March 2016 until October 2021, most recently as Interim Chief Operating Officer of the Wisconsin School of Business, and previously as Special Advisor to the Chancellor, Interim Vice Provost for Information Technology, Chief Information Officer and Interim Vice Chancellor for Finance and Administration. He is currently on the Boards of MGIC Investment Corp. (serving in that role since 2001) and Immunicom, Inc. (serving in that role since April 2022). He had previously been a consultant (2014-2016); Interim Chief Financial Officer at Ciber Inc., a global information technology company (2013-2014); Chief Financial Officer of Arista Networks, a cloud networking firm (2012-2013); and Chief Financial Officer of Palo Alto Networks, a network security firm (2010-2012). Earlier in his career, he was the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Sun Microsystems, Inc., a provider of computer systems and professional support services.

Craig O. McCaw

is an industry pioneer, visionary investor, serial entrepreneur and deeply experienced operator. Mr. McCaw has been Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Holicity (NASDAQ: HOL) since June 2020. He is also Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Colicity (NASDAQ: COLIU) since February 2021. Mr. McCaw has been Chairman of Pendrell since 2000, where he acted as Executive Chairman from 2014 to 2018 and currently acts as

Co-Chief

Executive Officer since October 2018. Mr. McCaw has also served as Chairman and

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Chief Executive Officer of Eagle River Inc. since June 1993, President of COM Investments LLC since December 1997, and President of COM Family Foundation since 1998.

Since October 2010, Mr. McCaw has served on the Board of Directors, including as former Chairman, of The Nature Conservancy. Mr. McCaw currently serves as a Member of the Climate Leadership Council, a Board Member of the Horatio Alger Association and a Global Advisory Board Member of the Khan Academy. From 2018 to 2021, Mr. McCaw served as a Member of the Advisory Board for Project LOON, a former subsidiary of Alphabet (NASDAQ: GOOGL). From 2014 to 2018, Mr. McCaw was a Member of the Harvard Business School Board of Deans Advisors.

Throughout his career of over five decades, Mr. McCaw started and built many companies in the cable, cellular telephone and wireless broadband industries. Mr. McCaw was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of McCaw Cellular Communications, which he built into the nation’s leading provider of cellular services before its sale to AT&T in 1996. Following the sale of McCaw Cellular, Mr. McCaw restructured Nextel Communications and later founded Nextel International and

co-founded

Nextel Partners. He also founded NEXTLINK Communications in 1994, later renamed XO Communications, where he served as Chief Executive Officer and as a Director. In 2003, Mr. McCaw

co-founded

and served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Clearwire Corporation, a wireless broadband company. Mr. McCaw is a graduate of Stanford University. Mr. McCaw’s term as a director expires at the 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and he will not stand for reelection at this meeting.

Lisa Nelson

has served as one of Astra’s directors since August 2021. Ms. Nelson has served in different management positions at several Global 500 companies around the world. Ms. Nelson was most recently at Microsoft from August 2005 to October 2019 where she held executive roles across corporate accounting, investor relations, finance and business development. While at Microsoft, Ms. Nelson

co-founded

Microsoft’s first venture fund, M12, and served as Managing Director for three years before retiring from Microsoft. Following her retirement from Microsoft, she has served as an advisor and director to a number of global businesses and charitable organizations. Currently, she is a member of the board of directors of the following organizations: Seattle Bank (since October 2021), Transforming Age (since July 2020), DNA Seattle (since June 2021) and Kuelap Inc. (since June 2021). She also serves on the advisory boards of Flying Fish Partners (since July 2020), Movac, a venture capital fund in New Zealand (since July 2020), Brooks Running (since January 2021), amongst others. She is also an Edmund Hillary Fellow.

Scott Stanford

has served as a member of the Board since June 30, 2021, and of Legacy Astra’s Board since December 2017. Mr. Stanford has served as the

co-founder

of several companies, including ACME, LLC and its affiliates, a venture capital firm, since February 2013; and Silicon Foundry, a membership-based corporate advisory platform, since February 2013. Prior to these roles, Mr. Stanford served as a managing director at Goldman Sachs from June 2004 until February 2013. Mr. Stanford also serves as a member of the board of directors of Cue Health Inc., a publicly held health technology company, since December 2017, and several private companies, including Boombox Labs, Inc., a remote culture experience company, since February 2022; Time by Ping, Inc., an artificial intelligence company providing time automation services, since July 2021; Tinycare, Inc., a daycare company, since July 2021; Curology, Inc., a direct to consumer prescription skincare company, since September 2015; Luka, Inc., an artificial intelligence and software development company, since April 2016; and BFA Industries (formerly known as IPSY), a personalized beauty commerce company, since September 2015. Mr. Stanford holds an MBA from Harvard Business School.

Controlled Company Exemption

The holders of Class B common stock, Chris Kemp and Adam London, beneficially own a majority of the voting power of all outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result, the Company is a “controlled company” within the meaning of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards. Under these corporate governance standards, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance standards, including the requirements to have: (i) a board of directors comprised of a majority of independent directors;

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(ii) compensation of its executive officers determined by a majority of the independent directors or a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors; (iii) a compensation committee charter which, among other things, provides the compensation committee with the authority and funding to retain compensation consultants and other advisors; and (iv) director nominees selected, or recommended for the Board’s selection, either by a majority of the independent directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors. If the Company ceases to be a “controlled company” and its shares continue to be listed on Nasdaq, the Company will be required to comply with these standards and, depending on the board’s independence determination with respect to its then-current directors, the Company may be required to add additional directors to its board in order to achieve such compliance within the applicable transition periods.

Board Composition

The Company’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of its board of directors. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors. The Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation establishes a classified board of directors that is divided into three classes with staggered three-year terms. Only the directors in one class are subject to election at each annual meeting of stockholders, with the directors in the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms.

Director Independence

The board of directors has determined that each of Michèle Flournoy, Michael Lehman, Scott Stanford, Craig O. McCaw and Lisa Nelson are “independent directors” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements and rules of Nasdaq based upon information requested from and provided by each of Ms. Flournoy, Mr. Lehman, Mr. Stanford, Mr. McCaw and Nelson concerning their background, employment and affiliations, including family relationships.

Board Leadership Structure

The leadership of the board is structured so that it is led by the Chair, who also serves as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. When the Chair of the board of directors is not an independent director, a Lead Director may be elected annually by the board of directors. After the Business Combination, the board of directors has elected Scott Stanford to serve as Lead Director.

Committees of our Board of Directors

The board of directors has the authority to appoint committees to perform certain management and administration functions. The Board has established an audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee.

Audit Committee

Our audit committee consists of Michael Lehman (Chair), Lisa Nelson, and Scott Stanford. The board of directors has determined that Mr. Lehman, Ms. Nelson and Mr. Stanford are independent under the listing standards and Rule

10A-3(b)(1)

under the Exchange Act. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Lehman qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation

S-K

and possesses financial sophistication, as defined under the rules of Nasdaq Stock Market.

The purpose of the audit committee is to prepare the audit committee report required by the SEC to be included in the Company’s proxy statement and to assist the board of directors in overseeing and monitoring (1) the quality and integrity of the financial statements, (2) compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (3) the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence, (4) the

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performance of the Company’s internal audit function and (5) the performance of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

Compensation Committee

The compensation committee consists of Scott Stanford (Chair), Michael Lehman, and Lisa Nelson. The purpose of the compensation committee is to assist the board of directors in discharging its responsibilities relating to (1) setting the Company’s compensation program and compensation of its executive officers and directors, (2) monitoring the Company’s incentive and equity-based compensation plans and (3) preparing the compensation committee report required to be included in the Company’s proxy statement under the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The members of our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee as of the date of this prospectus are Michèle Flournoy (Chair) and Craig O. McCaw. The board of directors has determined each proposed member is independent under Nasdaq listing standards. The purpose of the nominating and corporate governance committee will be to assist the board of directors in discharging its responsibilities relating to (1) identifying individuals qualified to become new board of directors members, consistent with criteria approved by the board of directors, (2) reviewing the qualifications of incumbent directors to determine whether to recommend them for reelection and selecting, or recommending that the board of directors select, the director nominees for the next annual meeting of stockholders, (3) identifying board of directors members qualified to fill vacancies on any board of directors committee and recommending that the board of directors appoint the identified member or members to the applicable committee, (4) reviewing and recommending to the board of directors corporate governance principles applicable to the Company, (5) overseeing the evaluation of the board of directors and management and (6) handling such other matters that are specifically delegated to the committee by the board of directors from time to time.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

No member of our Compensation Committee has served as one of our officers or employees at any time. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the compensation committee of any other company that has an executive officer serving as a member of the Board. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors of any other company that has an executive officer serving as a member of our Compensation Committee.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

The Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Conduct”) that, along with Astra’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Charter”), Astra’s Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) and the charters of the committees of the Board (the “Committees”), provide the framework for the governance of the Company. The Code of Conduct applies to all of our directors, officers, and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions, and is available on the “Governance Overview” section of Astra’s investor relations website at

https://investor.astra.com

. The charters for all of our Committees as well as our Corporate Communications Policy and Whistleblower and Complaint Policy are also available on the “Governance Overview” section of Astra’s investor relations website at

https://investor.astra.com

. In addition, we will post on our website all other disclosures that are required by law or the listing standards of Nasdaq concerning any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the Code of Conduct. These documents are also available in print to any stockholder upon request. Stockholders who desire to receive such items in print may request them from Astra’s Corporate Secretary by writing to Astra Space, Inc., Attn: Corporate Secretary, 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, California 94501.

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EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Executive Summary

The Compensation Committee seeks to maintain a compensation program for its named executive officers (the “NEOs”) that supports Astra’s short-term and long-term strategic goals. The program reflects our

pay-for-performance

philosophy and is intended to promote the retention of high-performing executives and the creation of long-term stockholder value. Specifically, our goal is to align the compensation of our NEOs with stockholder value and motivate our NEOs to achieve the Company’s strategic objectives.

We operate in a highly competitive industry and the competition for executive talent continues to intensify. The challenges we face in hiring and retaining NEOs include:

• Highly Competitive Spacetech Industry — We are a pioneer in the innovative and highly competitive Spacetech industry. Many of the companies with whom we compete for talent are larger and are able to offer higher compensation than us.

• Challenging Employee Retention Environment — In the Spacetech industry, there is substantial and continuous competition for executives with the experience and aptitude to motivate and lead engineers in designing, developing and managing our product and service offerings. We are headquartered in Alameda, California, part of the Silicon Valley, where competition for top talent is particularly challenging.

Our compensation program relies upon a mix of base salary and equity incentive compensation to reward, motivate and retain our NEOs. We aligned our base salaries across our NEOs in the third quarter 2021, such that all receive an annual base salary of $500,000 (other than Mr. Kemp, our CEO, who receives $600,000) as we view each of the NEOs as critical to Astra’s future success and increasing long-term stockholder value.

Our primary incentive and retention tool is our 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and the compensation of our NEOs is heavily weighted to equity grants under the Plan. In 2021, we granted to our NEOs a combination of service-based stock options (“SSOs”), service-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based stock options (“PSOs”). As described in more detail below under “Long-Term Equity Incentive Compensation,” vesting of our PSOs are tied to the Company’s achievement of five (5) critical business objectives and the increase in the Company’s stock price. Given the Company’s status in 2021 as an emerging growth company and that its paid commercial operations did not start until the first quarter of 2022, the Compensation Committee believed that focusing the PSOs on the strategic objectives necessary to drive financial performance and thus long-term stockholder value would serve as a strong incentive to the Company’s NEOs to ensure these objectives were achieved. As a result, a large percentage of the NEOs’ incentive compensation is tied to the PSOs. To ensure the retention of our NEOs, we incorporated SSOs and RSUs into our compensation programs. These generally vest over a period of four (4) years. See “Long-Term Equity Incentive Compensation” below regarding specific vesting schedules for each of the NEOs.

Our NEOs realized compensation for 2021 was significantly below the total compensation reported in the Summary Compensation Table. This result is consistent with the

pay-for-performance

nature of our executive compensation program where approximately 58% of the equity awards granted to our NEOs are delivered in the form of PSOs. These deliver value to the NEOs only if the Company’s stock price increases and then only as and when the five critical business objectives are achieved. Based on the closing trading price for a share of the Company’s Class A common stock as of April 21, 2022, all stock options (both SSOs and PSOs) granted to the

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NEOs are underwater (meaning that their exercise price is higher than the current market price). The value of underwater SSOs and PSOs included in each NEOs total compensation for 2021 is as follows:

Name	Award Type		Grant Date Fair Value of the SSO/PSOs that are Underwater (1)
Chris Kemp		PSOs	$	30,301,659
		SSOs	$	7,231,659
Adam London		PSOs	$	6,060,335
		SSOs	$	3,615,830
Kelyn Brannon		PSOs	$	3,030,168
		SSOs	$	6,799,723
Martin Attiq		PSOs	$	9,090,501
		SSOs	$	1,274,090
Benjamin Lyon		PSOs	$	12,120,668
		SSOs		N/A

(1) Reflects the grant date fair value determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Comparison. The assumptions made in these valuations are discussed in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this prospectus.

2021 Business Highlights

On June 30, 2021, we closed on our Merger, thereby becoming a publicly traded company. On July 1, 2021, we merged with Apollo, whose propulsion module (now known as Astra Spacecraft Engine) achieved successful orbital ignition on board the Spaceflight Sherpa-LTE1 orbital transfer vehicle. On November 4, 2021, we filed an application with the Federal Communication Commission, under which we requested authority to launch and operate a

non-geostationary

orbit satellite system using

V-band

frequencies as we work to build out our space services offering. On November 20, 2021, we conducted our first commercial orbital launch on our launch vehicle LV0007.

Compensation Policies and Practices

Our compensation program is designed to provide appropriate performance incentives and avoid compensation practices that do not promote the interests of our stockholders.

✓ WHAT WE DO		× WHAT WE DON’T DO
✓	Maintain strong alignment between corporate performance and NEO compensation by having a majority of the total compensation consist of performance-based compensation.	×	No stock options granted below the fair market value of a share of our Class A common stock on the grant date
✓	Have employment and change in control agreements with our NEOs.	×	No guaranteed bonuses in connection with annual pay structure (except with respect to Kelyn Brannon and Benjamin Lyon for 2021, which they each negotiated at the time they joined the Company and we provided as incentives to their on-boarding).
✓	Maintain a long-term incentive plan that provides for forfeiture of awards if an employee engages in misconduct.	×	No hedging or pledging of our securities by NEOs and directors.

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✓ WHAT WE DO		× WHAT WE DON’T DO
✓	Use an independent compensation consultant retained by and reporting directly to the Compensation Committee.	×	No perquisites.
✓	Have agreements that only provide for “double-trigger” accelerated vesting of all unvested options and RSUs to any of our NEO’s upon a change of control.	×	No excise tax gross-ups.
✓	Conduct competitive benchmarking to align our executive compensation with the market.

As a newly public company, the Compensation Committee continues to work to refine its executive compensation program. In 2022, it expects to consider the adoption of a clawback policy, stock ownership guidelines. and the implementation of a process for assessing the effectiveness of the compensation plan for the purpose of identifying economic or reputational risks in the design of our incentive compensation programs.

2021 Named Executive Officers

NEO	Title
Chris Kemp	Chief Executive Officer
Adam London	Chief Technology Officer
Kelyn Brannon	Chief Financial Officer
Martin Attiq	Chief Business Officer
Benjamin Lyon	Chief Engineer and Executive Vice President of Engineering and Operations

Compensation Process

The Company maintains compensation principles that are intended to ensure that its compensation practices are fair and reasonable as applied to both executive and

non-executive

employees. These principles align with the Company’s mission to Improve Life on Earth from Space

TM

, balance both individual and company performance, and seek to provide competitive wages and benefits with consistent position in the median range of the most relevant markets to employees based on their roles, responsibilities, skills, and performance.

As it relates to Astra’s executive compensation program, our goal is to ensure this program:

• closely aligns our executive compensation with stockholder value creation, avoiding plans that encourage our executives to take excessive risk, while driving long-term value to stockholders;

• supports our long-term business strategy by ensuring that performance objectives are consistent with driving long-term stockholder value;

• recognizes that the portion of a NEO’s compensation that is at-risk and performance-based should be tied to the level of that individual’s responsibility and their ability to control the achievement of the performance objectives;

• emphasizes equity-based compensation over cash compensation;

• allows us to recruit and retain a top-tier executive team in a competitive industry and to motivate our executive team to achieve superior performance over sustained periods;

• provides a competitive compensation opportunity while adhering to market standards for compensation; and

• complements and advances values the underlie Astra’s culture, which values are set forth below:

• Serve — We serve our employee, our customers and the world.

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• Learn — We listen to feedback and learn through constant iteration.

• Simplify to Scale — We achieve scale by simplifying our products, processes and service.

• Optimize Globally — We make trade-offs locally in order to optimize globally.

• Ship — The more we ship, the more we learn, the faster we achieve our goals.

The Compensation Committee periodically reviews the compensation principles used for setting the total cash compensation and equity incentive compensation for the Company’s workforce. The Company also periodically compares the components of its compensation with its peer companies and those of its competitors in the Spacetech industry to ensure that compensation remains competitive and continues to attract, retain, and motivate a skilled and diverse workforce.

Compensation Consultant

Pursuant to its charter, the Compensation Committee is authorized to engage, at the expense of the Company, a compensation consultant to provide independent advice, support, and expertise to assist the Compensation Committee in overseeing and reviewing Astra’s overall executive compensation strategy, structure, policies, and programs, and to assess whether our compensation structure establishes appropriate incentives for management and other key employees.

Aon’s Human Capital Solutions practice, a division of Aon plc (“Aon”), in its role as the Compensation Committee’s independent compensation consultant, assisted with executive and director pay assessments and worked with the Compensation Committee to review the design of the executive compensation program for 2021. In addition, Aon assisted the Compensation Committee in identifying the peer groups of publicly-traded companies the Compensation Committee used in competitive market analyses and benchmarking of both executive and

non-executive

compensation.

Aon reported directly to the Compensation Committee and provided no other remunerated services to the Company. Aon does not provide services for any of our affiliates. In accordance with SEC rules and requirements, and Nasdaq listing standards, the Company has affirmatively determined that Aon is independent, and that no conflicts of interest exist between the Company and Aon (or any individuals working on the Company’s account on behalf of Aon).

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Compensation Benchmarking

In evaluating executive officer compensation, the Compensation Committee intends to annually consider the compensation paid by an executive compensation peer group, and to use that information as a basis for evaluating the pay of our executive officers. In August 2021, the Compensation Committee adopted an executive compensation peer group consisting of the twenty companies identified below, and used that information as part of its decision making in granting equity awards to the named executive officers in September 2021.

		Financials (in millions) (1)
NAME	INDUSTRY	REVENUES ($)		MARKET CAPITALIZATION ($)
Aeva Technologies	Electronic Equipment and Instruments		9		1,620
Array Technologies	Electrical Components and Equipment		853		2,120
C3.ai	Application Software		183		6,770
Canoo	Automobile Manufacturers		—		1,840
ChargePoint	Electrical Components and Equipment		241		4,640
Fisker	Automobile Manufacturers		0		4,670
Hyliion	Construction Machinery and Heavy Trucks		0		1,080
JFrog	Systems Software		207		2,860
Lordstown Motors	Automobile Manufacturers		—		678
Luminar Technologies	Auto Parts and Equipment		32		5,880
Nikola	Construction Machinery and Heavy Trucks		—		4,080
nLIGHT	Electronic Equipment and Instruments		270		1,050
PagerDuty	Application Software		281		2,860
Proterra	Biotechnology		243		1,960
QuantumScape	Auto Parts and Equipment		—		9,500
Sumo Logic	Application Software		242		1,360
Telos	Systems Software		242		1,030
Velodyne Lidar	Electronic Equipment and Instruments		62		916
Virgin Galactic	Aerospace and Defense		3		—
75 th Percentile			243		4,648
50 th Percentile			207		2,040
25 th Percentile			9		1,073
Astra Space	Aerospace and Defense		—		1,830

Revenues set forth in the table above reflect the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 and the market capitalization value for each peer company are as of December 31, 2021. The peer group was chosen in August 2021 based primarily on companies that had gone public within the last five years within the industries similar to those in which the Company competes and having a market capitalization similar to that of the Company. At that time, Astra was positioned modestly above the 50

th

percentile in the market capitalization for the peer group and had room to grow in terms of total headcount.

Elements of Compensation

The charts below demonstrate how the NEOs’ total 2021 compensation was allocated among base salary, bonuses (where applicable), service-based stock options, service-based restricted stock units and performance-based stock options. The charts also indicate the portion of the NEOs’ total 2021 compensation that is subject to the achievement of challenging performance goals set forth in our PSOs. In addition, each NEO was granted

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SSOs that are dependent on an increase in the stock price during the term that the option is exercisable. Thus, a significant portion of our NEOs’ total 2021 compensation was

“at-risk.”

2021 Pay Element	Why Element Was Provided	Key Characteristic(s)
Annual Base Salary	Compensate executives for their normal day-to-day responsibilities	Only fixed portion of compensation (except for Ms. Brannon and Mr. Lyon) All other compensation elements are variable
Service-Based Stock Options (SSOs)	Motivate executives to build long-term stockholder value •  Retain our executives	Provide value only if stock price increases Exercise price is equal to the per share price of Astra common stock on the grant date Generally vest over a period of four years, with 25% vesting on the first vesting date (which is

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2021 Pay Element	Why Element Was Provided	Key Characteristic(s)
		either February 15, 2022 or August 15, 2022, depending on the NEO) and then quarterly thereafter
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)	Motivate executives to build long-term stockholder value •  Retain our executives	Generally vest over a period of four years, with 25% vesting on the first vesting date (which is either February 15, 2022 or August 15, 2022, depending on the NEO) and then quarterly thereafter
Performance Based Stock Options (PSOs)	Motivate the executives to focus on achieving the Company’s critical business objectives supporting its long term strategy and increasing the Company’s stock price	PSOs vest based on achievement of performance objectives and increases in the stock price PSOs are intended to cover a five year period through 2026 The Compensation Committee does not intend to make additional grants of PSOs until the five year period expires

Base Salary

We establish the base salaries of our NEOs by considering the base salaries paid to executives holding similar positions within our peer group of companies and targeting the 25

th

to 50

th

percentile among those peer companies. Base salaries for our NEOs, other than Ms. Brannon, is positioned well below the median of the Company’s peer group. The Compensation Committee’s approach is consistent with the Company’s philosophy to emphasize equity-based compensation over cash compensation and its pay for performance philosophy.

In September 2021, we adjusted base salaries for Dr. London and Ms. Brannon to align them with the base salaries of Mr. Lyon and Mr. Attiq as we view each of these NEOs as critical to Astra’s future success and increasing long-term stockholder value. Following these adjustments, the annual base salaries for all NEOs, other than Mr. Kemp, were $500,000.

Mr. Kemp was paid an annual base salary of $600,000 during 2021.

Mr. Lyon was paid an annual base salary of $400,000 from February 2021, to May 1, 2021, when his salary increased to $500,000, annually.

Mr. Attiq was paid an annual base salary of $500,000 during 2021.

Negotiated Bonus

In 2021, the Company paid Ms. Brannon and Mr. Lyon a bonus of $300,000 and $250,000, respectively, both of which were negotiated at the time they joined the Company to incentivize them to join the organization. We did not pay short-term cash incentives to any other NEO as the Company granted larger equity incentives to better align with stockholders’ long-term interests and in support of our

pay-for-performance

philosophy.

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Long-term Equity Compensation

In an effort to drive long-term stockholder value and retain its NEOs, the Company awards equity grants under its 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan, which grants consisted in 2021 of a combination of service-based stock options (“SSOs”), service-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based stock options (“PSOs”). The table below sets forth the awards that were granted in 2021 to each NEO, along with the grant date fair value of each award.

Name	Award Type		Number of Sharesu nderlying grant		Grant Date Fair Value of the Award (1)
Chris Kemp		RSUs		650,809	$	5,833,248
		PSOs		6,508,088	$	30,301,659
		SSOs		1,301,618	$	7,231,659
Adam London		RSUs		325,405	$	2,941,629
		PSOs		1,301,618	$	6,060,335
		SSOs		650,809	$	3,615,830
Kelyn Brannon		RSUs		1,387,527	$	12,543,105
		PSOs		650,809	$	3,030,168
		SSOs		1,244,345	$	6,799,723
Martin Attiq		RSUs		306,826	$	2,773,676
		PSOs		1,952,427	$	9,090,501
		SSOs		229,322	$	1,274,090
Benjamin Lyon		RSUs		1,301,618	$	11,766,497
		PSOs		2,603,236	$	12,120,668
		SSOs		—		—

(1) Reflects the grant date fair value determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Comparison. The assumptions made in these valuations are discussed in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this prospectus.

The mix of service-based and performance-based equity grants among the NEOs was primarily driven by the executive officer’s direct ability to drive the performance metrics measured.

The equity grants as a whole further support the goals of the Company’s compensation philosophy to align each executive officer’s interests with the long-term interests of the Company’s stockholders and to drive stockholder value. While the equity grants to the Company’s executive officers are, as a whole, positioned above the median of the Company’s peer group, these grants are intended to cover a period of four (4) years for the service-based awards and five years for the performance base awards. These are typically longer periods of time than the grants issued to similarly situated executive officers for the Company’s peers and are much more heavily weighted towards performance-based awards than the Company’s peers.

Service-Based Incentive Compensation

On September 20, 2021, the Company granted service-based SSOs and RSUs to the NEOs. The ultimate value of these awards to the executive, upon the vesting of the RSUs or the exercise of the service-based stock options, is directly based upon the Company’s stock price at the time of vesting or exercise. Information with respect to their specific grants are set forth below under “Grants of Plan-Based Awards for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021.” The exercise price for the stock option grants is $9.04, which was the closing share price for a share of the Company’s Class A common stock on September 20, 2021, the grant date.

The SSOs and RSUs vest based on each NEO’s continued service to the Company, specifically:

• All of the RSUs granted to Mr. Kemp and Dr. London, (b) 114,662 of the RSUs granted to Mr. Attiq and (c) all of the service-based stock options granted to Mr. Kemp, Dr. London and Mr. Attiq vest as

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follows: 25% of the grant vesting on August 15, 2022, and then in substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on November 15, 2022, through and including August 15, 2025.

• All of the RSUs and SSOs granted to Ms. Brannon and (b) the remaining RSUs granted to Mr. Attiq (192,164) vest as follows: 25% of the grant vests on February 15, 2022, with the remainder vesting in substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on May 15, 2022, through and including February 15, 2025.

The RSUs granted to Benjamin Lyon vest as follows: 31.25% of the grant vests on November 15, 2021, with the remainder vesting in substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on February 15, 2022, through and including August 15, 2024.

In January 2022, the Company granted additional SSOs and RSUs to all of the NEOs, except Mr. Lyon who had negotiated his equity grants as part of his offer letter. These SSOs and RSUs vest as follows:

• All grants to Messrs. Kemp, London and Attiq vest as follows: 25% of the grant vesting on August 15, 2022, and then in substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on November 15, 2022, through and including August 15, 2025.

• All grants to Ms. Brannon vest as follows: 25% of the grant vests on February 15, 2022, with the remainder vesting in substantially equal quarterly installments beginning on May 15, 2022, through and including February 15, 2025.

Performance-Based Incentive Compensation

Consistent with our

pay-for-performance

philosophy, the Company awarded PSOs to the NEOs with the intention that these awards would cover a five-year performance period. The exercise price of the PSOs is $9.04, which was the closing share price for a share of the Company’s Class A common stock on September 20, 2021, the grant date. The awards vest subject to the achievement of the following milestones:

Milestone A:	The Company has had a Successful Orbital Delivery.
Milestone B:	The Company has had six (6) Orbital Launches during a six (6) consecutive month period.
Milestone C:	The Company has completed a prototype for a Spacecraft that has achieved an Orbital Launch.
Milestone D:	The Company has conducted twenty-six (26) Orbital Launches during a six (6) consecutive month period.
Milestone E:	The Company has achieved an Orbital Launch for an aggregate of 100 Spacecraft.

The milestones do not need to be achieved in any specific order or sequence.

After a milestone is achieved, twenty percent (20%) of the PSO grant will vest on the vesting date immediately following the date that the volume weighted average share price for a period of thirty trading days has met the share price threshold. For this purpose, a “vesting date” is the February 15, May 15, August 15 or November 15 immediately following the date the share price threshold is achieved and the “share price threshold” is (i) $15.00 following the achievement of the first milestone; (b) $20.00 following the achievement of the second milestone; (c) $30.00 following the achievement of the third milestone; (d) $40.00 following the achievement of the fourth milestone, and (e) $50.00 following the achievement of the fifth milestone. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no portion of the performance-based stock option grant will vest until November 15, 2022, and no unvested portion of the PSO grant shall vest after November 15, 2026, meaning the unvested portion of the PSO grant will expire at that date. The foregoing summary of the vesting schedule for the PSO grants is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the form of Performance Stock Option Award Agreement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

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The size of the PSO grants reflects the expectation of the Company’s Compensation Committee that the grants will address the Company’s growth and development goals over the next five years. Thus, the Compensation Committee does not, at this time, anticipate granting any additional PSOs in the near future.

Clawback Policy

The Company is subject to the “clawback” provision of Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2022 which generally requires public company chief executive officers and chief financial officers to disgorge bonuses, other incentive- or equity-based compensation, and profits on sales of company stock that they receive within the

12-month

period following the public release of financial information if there is a restatement because of material noncompliance, due to misconduct, with financial reporting requirements under the federal securities laws.

Benefits

We provide all of our employees, including our NEOs, broad-based employee benefits that are intended to attract and retain employees while providing them with health and welfare benefits, including medical, dental, vision, life and disability insurance coverage, and the ability for eligible participants to participate in our 401(k) plan.

We do not provide any perquisites for the NEOs.

Potential Termination and Change in Control Benefits

See the discussion below under “Employment Agreements” as well as “Payments upon Termination or

Change-in-Control”

for information related to potential termination and

change-in-control

benefits available to our NEOs.

Oversight of Risks Related to Compensation Policies

With the assistance of the Compensation Committee’s independent compensation consultant, Aon, the Compensation Committee reviewed Astra’s material compensation policies and practices and concluded that these policies and practices do not create risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on Astra. The key features of the executive compensation program that support this conclusion include:

• appropriate pay philosophy, peer group and market positioning and

• effective balance in cash and equity mix, short- and long-term focus, corporate performance focus and discretion.

Policy Against Hedging Against Hedging and Monetization Transactions and Pledging

The Board has adopted an Insider Trading Policy (the “Policy”), which applies to all of our directors, officers, and employees. The policy prohibits our directors, officers, and employees from engaging in hedging or monetization transactions, such as prepaid variable forwards, equity swaps, collars, exchange funds, short sales, and transactions in put options, call options, or other derivative securities. The Policy also prohibits directors, officers, and employees from holding Astra securities in a margin account or pledging them as collateral for a loan.

Stock Ownership Guidelines

While the Company believes that equity ownership by our NEOs is important as it aligns their interests with those of our stockholders, the Company does not currently require our NEOs hold a specific number of shares of our Class A common stock. Both our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and our Compensation Committee will evaluate on a periodic basis whether to adopt stock ownership guidelines for its NEOs and its directors.

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Tax and Accounting Considerations

The Compensation Committee takes into account tax consequences to NEOs in designing the various elements of our compensation program, such as designing the terms of awards to defer immediate income recognition in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. The Compensation Committee remains informed of and takes into account the accounting implications of its compensation programs. However, the Compensation Committee approves programs based on their total alignment with our strategy and long-term goals. Similarly, the Compensation Committee is aware that, under current tax law, any compensation paid to our NEOs in excess of $1 million per year generally will not be tax deductible.

Compensation Tables

Summary Compensation Table for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

Name and Principal Position	Year			Base Salary ($) (1)			Bonus ($)			Stock Awards ($) (2)			Option Awards ($) (2)		Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($)		Change in Pension Value and Non-qualified Deferred Compensation Earnings ($)		All Other Compensation ($) (3)		Total ($)
Chris Kemp		2021			557,000			—			5,883,248			37,533,318		—		—		104		43,973,671
Chief Executive Officer		2020			256,000			—			23,572,500	(4)		969		—		—		—		23,829,469
Adam London		2021			407,542	(5)		—			2,941,629			9,676,164		—		—		104		13,025,439
Chief Technology Officer		2020			227,000			—			7,857,500	(4)		—		—		—		—		8,084,500
Kelyn Brannon		2021			420,417	(6)		300,000	(7)		12,543,105			9,829,891		—		—		5,904		23,099,317
Chief Financial Officer		2020			8,021			—			—			6,205,050		—		—		—		6,213,071
Martin Attiq		2021			458,334			—			2,773,676			10,364,592		—		—		1,667		13,598,269
Chief Business Officer
Benjamin Lyon		2021	(8)		409,259			250,000	(7)		11,766,497			12,120,668		—		—		2,587		24,594,010
Chief Engineer and Executive Vice President of Engineering and Operations

(1) Reflects actual base salary earnings.

(2) Reflects the grant date fair value determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Comparison. The assumptions made in these valuations are discussed in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this prospectus.

(3) Reflects Company paid life insurance premiums for all NEOs and in the case of Ms. Brannon, Mr. Attiq and Mr. Lyon, also includes amounts matched under the Company’s 401(k) plan.

(4) Reflects grants received prior to the Merger and which were converted to shares of the Company’s Class B common stock in connection therewith.

(5) Dr. London’s initial base salary in 2021 was $400,000. His base salary increased to $500,000 on September 1, 2021.

(6) Ms. Brannon commenced employment with us on December 23, 2020. Ms. Brannon’s annualized base salary in 2020 was $330,000. Ms. Brannon’s initial base salary in 2021 was $400,000. Her base salary increased to $500,000 on September 1, 2021.

(7) Amounts reflect a one-time negotiated bonus in connection with the on-boarding of Ms. Brannon and Mr. Lyon.

(8) Mr. Lyon commenced employment with us on February 6, 2021. Mr. Lyon’s annual base salary in 2021 was initially $400,000 and then increased to $500,000 on May 1, 2021.

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

					Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards			Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards			All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Units		All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options		Exercise Price of Option Awards		Grant Date Fair Value Stock and Option Awards
Name	Award Type		Grant Date		Threshold ($)	Target ($)	Maximum ($)	Threshold (#)	Target (#)	Maximum (#)	(#)		(#)		($)		($) (1)
Chris Kemp		RSUs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		650,809		—		—		5,833,248
		PSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		6,508,088		9.04		30,301,659
		SSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		1,301,618		9.04		7,231,659
Adam London		RSUs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		325,405		—		—		2,941,629
		PSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		1,301,618		9.04		6,060,335
		SSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		650,809		9.04		3,615,830
Kelyn Brannon		RSUs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		1,387,527		—		—		12,543,105
		PSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		650,809		9.04		3,030,168
		SSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		1,244,345		9.04		6,799,723
Martin Attiq		RSUs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		306,826		—		—		2,773,676
		PSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		1,952,427		9.04		9,090,501
		SSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		229,322		9.04		1,274,090
Benjamin Lyon		RSUs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		1,301,618		—		—		11,766,497
		PSOs		9/20/2021	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		2,603,236		9.04		12,120,668
		SSOs		—	—	—	—	—	—	—		—		—		—		—

(1) Reflects the grant date fair value determined in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Comparison. The assumptions made in these valuations are discussed in Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this prospectus.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal

Year-End

for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

	Option Awards												Stock Awards
													Equity Incentive Plan Awards
Name	Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable		Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable (1)		Option Exercise Price ($)		Option Expiration Date		Number of Shares or Units of Stock that Have Not Vested (#)		Market Value of shares or Units of Stock that Have Not Vested ($) (2)		Number of Unearned Shares that Have Not Vested (#)	Market Value of Unearned Shares that Have Not Vested ($)
Chris Kemp		—		7,809,706		9.04		9/20/2031		650,809		4,510,106	—	—
		6,650		—		0.46		2/26/2030		—		—	—	—
Adam London		—		1,952,427		9.04		9/20/2031		325,405		2,255,057	—	—
Kelyn Brannon		—		1,895,154		9.04		9/20/2031		1,387,527		9,615,562	—	—
Martin Attiq		—		2,181,749		9.04		9/20/2031		306,826		2,126,304	—	—
		77,584		—		0.46		5/14/2030		—		—	—	—
		398,750		471,252		0.46		2/26/2030		—		—	—	—
Benjamin Lyon		—		2,603,236		9.04		9/20/2031		894,863		6,201,401	—	—

(1) The number of securities underlying options are allocated among PSOs and SSOs as follows: (a) for Mr. Kemp, 6,508,088 PSOs and 1,301,618 SSOs; (b) for Dr. London, 1,301,618 PSOs and 650,809 SSOs; (3) for Ms. Brannon, 650,809 PSOs and 1,244,345 SSOs; (d) for Mr. Attiq, 1,952,427 PSOs and 700,574 SSOs; and (5) for Mr. Lyon, 2,603,236 PSOs and no SSOs.

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Option Exercises and Stock Vested Table for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

	Option Awards					Stock Awards
Name	Number of shares Acquired on Exercise (#)		Value Realized on Exercise ($)			Number of shares Acquired on Vesting (#)		Value Realized on Vesting ($)
Chris Kemp		—		—			—		—
Adam London		—		—			—		—
Kelyn Brannon		997,500		7,830,000	(1)		—		—
Martin Attiq		266,000		2,088,000	(1)		—		—
Benjamin Lyon		—		—			406,755		4,295,333	(2)

(1) This exercise relates to stock options that the Company granted to Ms. Brannon and Mr. Attiq in December 2020, before the Company closed on the Business Combination. At that time, the Company was using 409A valuations to determine the exercise price of stock options. The stocks options granted to Ms. Brannon and Mr. Attiq were inadvertently issued below market value, which triggered a penalty from the Internal Revenue Code. This penalty would extend throughout the vesting period on the stock options. On April 23, 2021 and prior to the Closing of the Business Combination, the Board for Legacy Astra approved the accelerated vesting of these options and the exercise of the options by Ms. Brannon and Mr. Attiq. Upon exercise, the shares were then sold at an agreed upon price in a secondary sale transaction to enable Ms. Brannon and Mr. Attiq to pay the tax penalty in 2021 rather than having the tax penalty increase due to the share price appreciation over the vesting period.

(2) Reflect awards of restricted stock units that vested on November 15, 2021, at the closing per share price on that date of $10.56.

Pension Benefits for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

None of the NEOs received qualified retirement income benefits for fiscal year 2021.

Employment Agreements

We entered into employment agreements with Mr. Kemp, Dr. London, Ms. Brannon and Mr. Attiq on February 1, 2022, which agreements were amended on September 1, 2021. Also on September 1, 2021, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Lyon. The Compensation Committee’s goal was to align the rights and benefits provided to the NEOs. Thus, the material terms of the NEOs employment agreements are identical except with those limited exceptions noted below.

Under the terms of the employment agreements (as amended on September 1, 2021, or entered on September 1, 2021, in the case of Mr. Lyon), each NEO would be paid an annual base salary of $500,000, except Mr. Kemp who would be paid an annual base salary of $600,000. This change resulted in increases to Dr. London and Ms. Brannon’s annual base salaries as of September 1, 2021. Mr. Attiq’s and Mr. Lyon’s annual base salaries remained at $500,000.

The employment agreements allow the Company to pay an annual bonus to the NEO based on targets and performance metrics set by the Board. Ms. Brannon’s employment agreement also provided for a

one-time

bonus in the amount of $300,000 for fiscal year 2021, which was agreed to when she joined Astra in December 2020. Mr. Lyon’s employment agreement included a

one-time

sign on bonus of $250,000, which was paid when he joined the Company in February 2021.

Mr. Lyon’s employment agreement set forth the amount of restricted stock units and performance-based stock options that were to be issued to him in connection with his employment. All other employment agreements were silent on eligibility to participate in the Plan, except for Mr. Attiq, whose employment agreement makes him eligible to participate in the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan.

Mr. Lyon’s employment agreement also gives him the right to elect the role of chief operating officer if and when the Company requires that role.

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The employment agreements provide that if an NEO’s employment is terminated by the Company without “Cause” or by the NEO for “Good Reason”, other than in connection with a Change of Control, the NEO will be entitled to severance consisting of (i) twelve months’ salary continuation; (ii) the target amount of any annual bonus that would otherwise be earned in the year of termination (offset by any amounts already paid toward the annual bonus); (iii) COBRA premium subsidy payments, at the rate of the Company’s normal contribution for active employees at the executive’s coverage level, for up to twelve months following termination; and (iv) accelerated vesting of unvested equity awards. If the qualifying termination occurs within the three months prior to or twelve months following a “Change of Control,” the severance will instead consist of (i) twelve months’ salary continuation (24 months in the case of Mr. Kemp); (ii) the target amount of any annual bonus that would otherwise be earned in the year of termination (offset by any amounts already paid toward the annual bonus; (iii) COBRA premium subsidy payments, at the rate of the Company’s normal contribution for active employees at the executive’s coverage level, for up to twelve months following termination (18 months in the case of Mr. Kemp); and (iv) accelerated vesting of unvested equity awards.

In either case, the Company’s obligation to make the severance payments, and the NEOs right to retain the same, is wholly conditioned on the NEO providing a general release of claims in favor of the Company and continuing to comply with the NEO’s obligations under their respective employment agreement, including the restrictive covenants. Specifically, the employment agreements contain (i) a perpetual confidentiality covenant; (ii) an assignment of intellectual property covenant;

(iii) non-competition

and

non-solicitation

of business partners covenants during the course of employment; (iv) a

non-solicitation

covenant with respect to employees and other service providers during the course of employment and for twelve months thereafter; and (v) a

non-disparagement

obligation.

The foregoing summary of the terms and conditions of the employment agreements is not complete and is qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of such employment agreements and related amendments on file with the SEC.

The Omnibus Incentive Plan

The Plan reserved 36,765,000 shares of Class A common stock for issuance for awards in accordance with the terms of the Plan. In addition, the number of shares of Class A common stock in the pool will automatically increase on January 1 of each year from 2022 to 2031 by the lesser of (i) 5% of the sum of number of shares of (x) Class A common stock and (y) Class B common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares of Class A common stock as determined by the Board. As of January 1, 2022, an additional 13,148,738 shares of Class A common stock were reserved for issuance under the Plan and 48,499,435 shares of Class A common stock remaining to be issued. The purpose of the Plan is to advance the Company’s interests by providing for the grant to our employees, directors, consultants and advisors of stock and stock-based awards. The Plan authorizes the award of stock-based incentives to encourage eligible employees, officers, directors, and consultants to expend maximum effort in the creation of stockholder value. As of April 21, 2022, over thirty-nine percent (39%) of the outstanding equity incentives granted under the Plan are subject to performance-based vesting metrics. The Board or the Compensation Committee will make grants of awards under the Plan to eligible participants under and pursuant to the terms of the Plan.

The Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) reserved 5,000,000 shares of Class A common stock for grants to participants of options to purchase shares of Class A common stock in accordance with the terms of the ESPP. In addition, the number of shares reserved for issuance automatically increases on January 1 of each year from 2022 to 2031 by the lesser of (i) 1% of the sum of number of shares of (x) Class A common stock and (y) Class B common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares of Class A common stock as determined by the Board. As of January 1, 2022, there was an

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additional 2,629,748 shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP, and 7,478,104 shares of Class A common stock remaining to be issued. The purpose of the ESPP is to enable eligible employees to use payroll deductions to purchase shares of Class A common stock at a discount and thereby acquire an interest in the Company. The Company expects that the Board or the Compensation Committee will make grants of awards under the ESPP to eligible participants. Employees who are eligible to participate in the ESPP may elect to participate in the ESPP in accordance with, and subject to, its terms and conditions.

Payments upon Termination or

Change-in-Control

As described above under “Potential Termination and

Change-in-Control

Benefits” “Employment Agreements,” each of our NEOs are entitled to potential termination and

change-in-control

benefits upon the occurrence of certain events. The following table calculates the amounts to be provided as if such events occurred on December 31, 2021.

Named Executive Officer	Involuntary Termination Not for Cause ($) (1)		Voluntary Termination for Good Reason ($) (1)		Involuntary Not for Cause or Voluntary for Good Reason following a Change-in- Control ($) (2)		Death ($)		Disability ($)
Chris Kemp		5,133,818		5,133,818		5,943,270	$	0	$	0
Adam London		2,785,970		2,785,970		2,785,970	$	0	$	0
Kelyn Brannon		10,133,935		10,133,935		10,133,935	$	0	$	0
Martin Attiq		5,684,218		5,684,218		5,684,218	$	0	$	0
Benjamin Lyon		6,732,314		6,732,314		6,732,314	$	0	$	0

(1) The separation benefits consist of 12 months base salary, reimbursement for 12 months of premiums paid in connection with continuation coverage under COBRA at the NEO’s current coverage rate and accelerating all unvested SSOs and PSOs and RSUs for each NEO. In determining the value of unvested equity awards, we calculated the value of such awards as if they were exercised (in the case of SSOs and PSOs) and then sold on December 31, 2021 at the per share closing price of $6.93. The amount attributable to each NEO related to the acceleration of the vesting of equity awards is as follows:

Chris Kemp	$	4,510,106
Adam London	$	2,255,057
Kelyn Brannon	$	9,615,562
Martin Attiq	$	5,175,304
Benjamin Lyon	$	6,201,401

(2) For Mr. Kemp, separation benefits consist of 24 months base salary, reimbursement for 18 months of premiums paid in connection with continuation coverage under COBRA at the Mr. Kemp’s current coverage rate and the value of the acceleration of unvested SSOs, PSOs and RSUs For all other NEOs, the separation benefits consist of 12 months base salary, reimbursement for 12 months of premiums paid in connection with continuation coverage under COBRA at the NEO’s current coverage rate and the value of acceleration of all unvested equity awards. In each case, we calculated the value of the acceleration of unvested equity awards in the same manner described in Note 1.

The Compensation Committee intends to periodically compare the amount of compensation actually received by the NEOs to the amounts reported in its annual proxy statement and summarizing the compensation that would be owed to such individuals in the event of the termination of their employment under certain circumstances. Reviewing this information helps the Compensation Committee better understand the Company’s potential obligations to the NEOs following the termination of their employment. It also helps the Compensation Committee better assess the risk of any of the NEOs leaving the Company prematurely because the Company is not providing sufficient retention incentives.

CEO Pay Ratio

The ratio of our CEO’s annual total compensation ($43.9 million) compared to our median compensated employee ($277,011) was:	159 to 1
This ratio is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of the SEC’s Regulation S-K.

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We are providing information regarding the relationship of the annual total compensation of our median compensated employee to the annual total compensation of Chris Kemp, our CEO. While we have provided the disclosure required by SEC rules, we also believe that it is more meaningful to our stockholders to share the CEO Pay Ratio excluding the 6,508,088 PSOs, which constitute a significant part of Mr. Kemp’s compensation and are significantly

at-risk

because they do not vest until certain performance milestones and share price thresholds are satisfied.

We determined that, as of December 31, 2021, our employee population excluding our CEO consisted of 322 full-time employees. To identify the median employee from our employee population, we reviewed the annual total compensation of each of our employees in the same manner as calculated for the annual total compensation of our CEO. With respect to the annual total compensation of the median employee, we identified and calculated the elements of such employee’s compensation for 2021 in accordance with the requirements of Item 402(c)(2)(x) of Regulation

S-K,

resulting in annual total compensation of the median employee of $277,011.

As set forth in the amount reported in the “Total” column of our Summary Compensation Table for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 included in this prospectus, CEO total compensation was $43,973,671. Based on this information, for 2021, our CEO’s ratio of annual total compensation to the median of the annual total compensation of all of our employees (other than the CEO) was approximately 159 to 1. As discussed in the CD&A, 71% of Mr. Kemp’s compensation is in the form of PSOs and therefore

at-risk.

Excluding compensation attributable to the PSOs, CEO total compensation would be $13.7 million, for a CEO pay ratio of approximately 49 to 1.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

No member of our Compensation Committee has served as one of our officers or employees at any time. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the compensation committee of any other company that has an executive officer serving as a member of the Board. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors of any other company that has an executive officer serving as a member of our Compensation Committee.

Director Compensation

Elements of Director Compensation

As of June 30, 2021, the

non-employee

directors of the Company are entitled to receive for their service on the Board, an annual retainer of $250,000, which is paid in a combination of no more than $87,500 in cash and the issuance of either stock options or restricted stock units of Class A common stock, having a value equal to at least $162,500. The form of equity award to the directors, along with the applicable vesting schedule, is determined by the Compensation Committee. Directors may elect the proportion of stock options or restricted stock units of Class A common stock they are issued. For 2021, the Compensation Committee decided to grant directors restricted stock units for their service.

Non-employee

directors serving as lead director, committee chairs, and committee members also receive the following cash fees:

Compensation Element	Compensation Amount ($)
Lead Director		20,000
Audit Committee Chair Retainer		20,000
Audit Committee Member Retainer		10,000
Compensation Committee Chair Retainer		15,000
Compensation Committee Member Retainer		7,500
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Chair Retainer		10,000
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Member Retainer		5,000

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Annual Retainers will be

pro-rated

for

non-employee

directors who are newly appointed to the Board, other than in connection with an annual meeting of stockholders. As employees of Astra, Mr. Kemp and Dr. London did not receive additional compensation in connection with their service on the Board. All compensation earned by Mr. Kemp and Dr. London is set forth elsewhere in this prospectus.

The Compensation Committee expects to evaluate director compensation on an annual basis, in consultation with its compensation advisor. In evaluating and resetting director compensation, the Compensation Committee intends to consider the compensation paid to directors in the Company’s peer group and other companies who have recently undergone a

de-Spac

process.

For 2022, the Compensation Committee does not expect to make changes in the annual retainer or cash fees to be paid to directors for service on the Board, as Lead Director, as committee chairs or committee members.

Director Compensation for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021

Name	Fees Earned Or Paid in Cash ($)		Stock Awards ($) (1)		Total ($)
Michèle Flournoy		40,625		138,134		178,759
Michael Lehman		38,750		187,005		225,755
Craig McCaw (2)(3)		46,250		151,942		198,192
Lisa Nelson		25,000		170,008		195,008
Scott Stanford (2)		22,500		233,756		256,256

(1) Reflects the grant date fair value of as determined in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 Compensation-Stock Compensation, the full amount of which is recorded as a compensation expense in the income statement for fiscal year 2021. The grant date fair value was based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock, as reported on Nasdaq, on the date of the grant, which was $10.19 per share of Class A common stock on November 9, 2021. The restricted stock units issued to the directors each vest in one installment on May 15, 2022.

(2) At Mr. Stanford’s and Mr. McCaw’s request, the cash compensation they each earned in connection with their service as a director to the Company was paid to their employers, ACME, LLC and Pendrell Corporation, respectively.

(3) Mr. McCaw’s term as a director of Astra expires at the 2022 annual meeting of stockholders, and he will not stand for re-election.

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

The following summary of the material terms of our securities is not intended to be a complete summary of the rights and preferences of such securities. The full text of our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. You are encouraged to read the applicable provisions of Delaware law, our second amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws in their entirety for a complete description of the rights and preferences of our securities. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Authorized Capital Stock

The second amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of 466,000,000 shares, of which 400,000,000 shares are shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, 65,000,000 shares are shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 1,000,000 shares are shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Common Stock

Class A Common Stock

Voting Rights

Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to cast one vote per share of Class A Common Stock. Generally, holders of all classes of common stock vote together as a single class, and an action is approved by stockholders if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, while directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast in contested elections. Holders of Class A common stock are not entitled to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.

Dividend Rights

Holders of Class A common stock share ratably (based on the number of shares of Class A common stock held) if and when any dividend is declared by the Board out of funds legally available therefor, subject to restrictions, whether statutory or contractual (including with respect to any outstanding indebtedness), on the declaration and payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over, or the right to participate with, the Class A common stock with respect to the payment of dividends.

Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding Up

On the liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding up of the Company, each holder of Class A common stock is entitled, pro rata on a per share basis, to all assets of the Company of whatever kind available for distribution to the holders of common stock, subject to the designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of any other class or series of preferred stock of the Company then outstanding.

Other Matters

Holders of shares of Class A common stock do not have subscription, redemption or conversion rights. All the outstanding shares of Class A common stock are validly issued, fully paid and

non-assessable.

Class B Common Stock

Voting Rights

Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to cast 10 votes per share of Class B common stock. Generally, holders of all classes of common stock vote together as a single class, and an action is approved by stockholders

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if the number of votes cast in favor of the action exceeds the number of votes cast in opposition to the action, while directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast in contested elections. Holders of Class B common stock are not entitled to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.

Dividend Rights

Holders of Class B common stock share ratably (based on the number of shares of Class B common stock held) if and when any dividend is declared by the Board out of funds legally available therefor, subject to restrictions, whether statutory or contractual (including with respect to any outstanding indebtedness), on the declaration and payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over, or the right to participate with, the Class B common stock with respect to the payment of dividends.

Optional Conversion Rights

Holders of Class B common stock have the right to convert shares of their Class B common stock into fully paid and

non-assessable

shares of Class A common stock, on a

one-to-one

basis, at the option of the holder at any time upon written notice to the Company.

Mandatory Conversion Rights

Holders of Class B common stock shall have their Class B common stock automatically converted into Class A common stock, on a

one-to-one

basis, upon the occurrence of any of the events described below:

(1) Any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation, or other transfer or disposition, directly or indirectly, of any Class B common stock or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law (including by merger, consolidation, or otherwise), including, without limitation the transfer of a share of Class B common stock to a broker or other nominee or the transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, voting control over such share by proxy or otherwise, other than a permitted transfer.

(2) Upon the first date on which the Astra Founders, together with all other qualified stockholders, collectively cease to beneficially own at least 20% of the number of shares of Class B common stock held by the Astra Founders on the Closing Date (as such number of shares is equitably adjusted in respect of any reclassification, stock dividend, subdivision, combination, or recapitalization of the Class B common stock) collectively held by the Astra Founders and their permitted transferees.

(3) Upon the date specified by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, voting as a separate class.

Liquidation Rights

On the liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding up of the Company, each holder of Class B common stock will be entitled, pro rata on a per share basis, to all assets of the Company of whatever kind available for distribution to the holders of common stock, subject to the designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of any other class or series of preferred stock of the Company then outstanding.

Preferred Stock

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Board has the authority, without action by the stockholders, to designate and issue shares of preferred stock in one or more classes or series, and the number of shares constituting any such class or series, and to fix the voting powers, designations, preferences, limitations, restrictions and relative rights of each class or series of preferred stock, including,

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without limitation, dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, exchange rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption, dissolution preferences, and treatment in the case of a merger, business combination transaction, or sale of the Company’s assets, which rights may be greater than the rights of the holders of the common stock. There are no shares of preferred stock outstanding immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination.

At the Effective Time, by virtue of the merger of Merger Sub with and into Astra, each share of Astra Class A common stock and Astra Series A Preferred Stock, Astra Series B Preferred Stock and Astra Series C Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive the applicable Per Share Merger Consideration and, as a result, there are no shares of preferred stock currently outstanding.

The purpose of authorizing the Board to issue preferred stock and determine the rights and preferences of any classes or series of preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The simplified issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions, future financings and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from seeking to acquire, a majority of the outstanding voting stock. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect the holders of Class A common stock by restricting dividends on the Class A common stock, diluting the voting power of the Class A common stock or subordinating the dividend or liquidation rights of the Class A common stock. As a result of these or other factors, the issuance of preferred stock could have an adverse impact on the market price of the Class A common stock.

Unvested Stock Options

At the Effective Time, each Astra option that was outstanding and unexercised, whether or not then vested or exercisable, was assumed by the Company and converted into an option to acquire shares of Class A common stock with the same terms and conditions as applied to the Astra option immediately prior to the Effective Time; the number of shares underlying such New Astra option was determined by multiplying the number of shares of Astra common stock subject to such option immediately prior to the Effective Time, by the Exchange Ratio, which product was rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares, and the per share exercise price of such New Astra option was determined by dividing the per share exercise price immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio, which quotient was rounded down to the nearest whole cent.

As of December 31, 2020, Astra had unvested outstanding options to purchase 10,254,894 shares of its common stock, with a weighted average exercise price of $0.33 per share.

Warrants

Astra Warrants

At the Effective Time, each Astra warrant that was issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time and not terminated pursuant to its terms converted into a New Astra warrant with the same terms and conditions as applied to the Astra warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time; the number of shares underlying such New Astra warrant as determined by multiplying the number of shares of Astra common stock subject to such warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time, by the Exchange Ratio, which product was rounded down to the nearest whole number of shares, and the per share exercise price of such New Astra warrant was determined by dividing the per share exercise price immediately prior to the Effective Time by the Exchange Ratio, which quotient was rounded down to the nearest whole cent.

In December 2021, the Company completed the Redemption of all of its outstanding Warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that were issued under the Warrant Agreement. In connection with the Redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to

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receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. As of the date of this prospectus, all of the Warrants have been redeemed, and no Warrants are outstanding.

Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law and our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

Certain provisions of our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, and laws of the State of Delaware, where the Company is incorporated, may discourage or make more difficult a takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in his or her best interest. These provisions may also adversely affect prevailing market prices for the Class A common stock and the Class B common stock. The Company believes that the benefits of increased protection give the Company the potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure the Company and outweigh the disadvantage of discouraging those proposals because negotiation of the proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Authorized but Unissued Shares

Delaware law does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the listing requirements of Nasdaq, which would apply if and so long as the Class A common stock remains listed on Nasdaq, require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to exceeding 20% of the then outstanding voting power or then outstanding number of shares of common stock. Additional shares that may be used in the future may be issued for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings, to raise additional capital, or to facilitate acquisitions. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock could make more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of the Company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger, or otherwise.

Dual Class Stock

As described above, Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for a dual class common stock structure which provides the Astra Founders with the ability to control the outcome of matters requiring stockholder approval, even though he owns significantly less than a majority of the shares of outstanding Class A common stock, including the election of directors and significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of the Company or its assets.

Number of Directors

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that, subject to any rights of holders of preferred stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors may be fixed from time to time pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board; providing, however, that unless approved by (i) if before the first date on which the issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock represents less than 50% of the total voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock that would then be entitled to vote in the election of directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares of capital stock of the Company that would then be entitled to vote in the election of directors at an annual meeting or by written consent, or (ii) if after the first date on which the issued and outstanding shares of Class B common stock represents less than 50% of the total voting power of the then outstanding shares of capital stock that would then be entitled to vote in the election of directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, by the holders of

two-thirds

(2/3rds) of the voting power of the shares of capital stock that would then be entitled to vote in the election of directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, the number of directors may not exceed seven. The initial number of directors will be set at seven.

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Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Meetings, Nominations and Proposals

The Amended and Restated Bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the Board or a committee of the Board. In order to be “properly brought” before a meeting, a stockholder will have to comply with advance notice requirements and provide the Company with certain information. Generally, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received at the Company’s principal executive offices not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders. The Amended and Restated Bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice. The Amended and Restated Bylaws allow the chairman of the meeting at a meeting of the stockholders to adopt rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings which may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the rules and regulations are not followed. These provisions may also defer, delay, or discourage a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to influence or obtain control of the Company.

Limitations on Stockholder Action by Written Consent

Our Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that, subject to the terms of any series of preferred stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders must be effected at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by written consent in lieu of a meeting.

Amendment of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws

The DGCL provides generally that the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon, voting together a single class, is required to amend a corporation’s certificate of incorporation, unless the certificate of incorporation requires a greater percentage.

The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that it may be amended by the Company in the manners provided therein or prescribed by statute. The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, will be required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provision of the Charter providing for the capital stock of the Company, amendment of the charter, amendment of the bylaws, board of directors, election of directors, limitation of director liability, indemnification and special meetings of the stockholders.

If any of the Class B common stock shares are outstanding, the Company will not, without the prior affirmative vote of the holders of

two-thirds

of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock, voting as a separate class, in addition to any other vote required by applicable law or the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, directly or indirectly, amend, alter, change, repeal, or adopt any provision of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1) in a manner that is inconsistent with, or otherwise alters or changes, any of the voting, conversion, dividend, or liquidation provisions of the shares of Class B common stock or other rights, powers, preferences, or privileges of the shares of Class B common stock, (2) to provide for each share of Class A common stock to have more than one vote per share or any rights to a separate class vote of the holders of shares of Class A common stock other than as provided in the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or required by the DGCL, or (3) to otherwise adversely impact or affect the rights, powers, preferences, or privileges of the shares of Class B common stock.

If any of the shares of Class A common stock are outstanding, the Company will not, without the prior affirmative vote of the holders of

two-thirds

of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, voting as a separate class, in addition to any other vote required by applicable law or the Second Amended and Restated

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Certificate of Incorporation, directly or indirectly, amend, alter, change, repeal, or adopt any provision of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (1) in a manner that is inconsistent with, or otherwise alters or changes, any of the voting, conversion, dividend, or liquidation provisions of the shares of Class A common stock or other rights, powers, preferences, or privileges of the shares of Class A common stock or (2) to provide for each share of Class B common stock to have more than 10 votes per share or any rights to a separate class vote of the holders of shares of Class B common stock other than as provided in the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or required by the DGCL.

The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation also provides that the Board shall have the power to adopt, amend, alter, or repeal the Amended and Restated Bylaws by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any regular or special meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present in any manner not inconsistent with the laws of the State of Delaware or the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The stockholders of Amended and Restated are prohibited from adopting, amending, altering, or repealing the Amended and Restated Bylaws, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with the Amended and Restated Bylaws, unless such action is approved, in addition to any other vote required by the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, by the Requisite Stockholder Consent.

Business Combinations

Under Section 203 of the DGCL, a corporation will not be permitted to engage in a business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years following the time that such interested stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

(1) prior to such time the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

(2) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

(3) at or subsequent to such time the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Generally, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to certain exceptions, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with that person’s affiliates and associates, owns, or within the previous three years owned, 15% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting stock. For purposes of this section only, “voting stock” has the meaning given to it in Section 203 of the DGCL.

Since the Company has not opted out of Section 203 of the DGCL, it will apply to the Company. As a result, this provision will make it more difficult for a person who would be an “interested stockholder” to effect various business combinations with the Company for a three-year period. This provision may encourage companies interested in acquiring the Company to negotiate in advance with the Board because the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if the Board approves either the business combination or the transaction which results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder. These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in the Board and may make it more difficult to accomplish transactions which stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

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Cumulative Voting

Under Delaware law, the right to vote cumulatively does not exist unless the charter specifically authorizes cumulative voting. The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation does not authorize cumulative voting.

Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

The DGCL authorizes corporations to limit or eliminate the personal liability of directors of corporations and their stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of directors’ fiduciary duties, subject to certain exceptions. The Company’s Charter includes a provision that eliminates the personal liability of directors for damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director where, in civil proceedings, the person acted in good faith and in a manner that person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, in criminal proceedings, where the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

The Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that the Company must indemnify and advance expenses to its directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL. The Company also is expressly authorized to carry directors’ and officers’ liability insurance providing indemnification for its directors, officers, and certain employees for some liabilities. The Company believes that these indemnification and advancement provisions and insurance are useful to attract and retain qualified directors and executive officers.

The limitation of liability, advancement and indemnification provisions in the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions also may have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit the Company and its stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent the Company pays the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officer pursuant to these indemnification provisions.

There is currently no pending material litigation or proceeding involving any of the Company’s directors, officers, or employees for which indemnification is sought.

Corporate Opportunities

The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides for the renouncement by the Company of any interest or expectancy of the Company in, or being offered an opportunity to participate in any matter, transaction, or interest that is presented to, or acquired, created, or developed by, or which otherwise comes into possession of, any director of the Company who is not an employee or officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, unless such matter, transaction, or interest is presenting to, or acquired, created, or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of a director of the Company expressly and solely in that director’s capacity as a director of the Company.

Dissenters’ Rights of Appraisal and Payment

Under the DGCL, with certain exceptions, the Company’s stockholders will have appraisal rights in connection with a merger or consolidation of the Company. Pursuant to the DGCL, stockholders who properly request and perfect appraisal rights in connection with such merger or consolidation will have the right to receive payment of the fair value of their shares as determined by the Delaware Court of Chancery.

Stockholders’ Derivative Actions

Under the DGCL, any of the Company’s stockholders may bring an action in the Company’s name to procure a judgment in the Company’s favor, also known as a derivative action, provided that the stockholder bringing the action is a holder of the Company’s shares at the time of the transaction to which the action relates or such stockholder’s stock thereafter devolved by operation of law.

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Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent for our capital stock is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

Listing of Class A Common Stock

Shares of Class A common stock are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”.

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SECURITIES ACT RESTRICTIONS ON RESALE OF SECURITIES

Rule 144

Pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act (“Rule 144”), a person who has beneficially owned restricted Class A common stock or warrants of the Company for at least six months would be entitled to sell their securities provided that (i) such person is not deemed to have been an affiliate of the Company at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale and (ii) the Company is subject to the Exchange Act periodic reporting requirements for at least three months before the sale and has filed all required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the 12 months (or such shorter period as it was required to file reports) preceding the sale.

Persons who have beneficially owned restricted Class A common stock or warrants of the Company for at least six months but who are affiliates of the Company at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale would be subject to additional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of securities that does not exceed the greater of:

• 1% of the total number of shares of the Class A common stock then outstanding; or

• the average weekly reported trading volume of the Class A common stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale.

Sales by affiliates of the Company under Rule 144 are also limited by manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and by the availability of current public information about the Company.

Restrictions on the Use of Rule 144 by Shell Companies or Former Shell Companies

Rule 144 is not available for the resale of securities initially issued by shell companies (other than business-combination related shell companies) or issuers that have been at any time previously a shell company. However, Rule 144 also includes an important exception to this prohibition if the following conditions are met:

• the issuer of the securities that was formerly a shell company has ceased to be a shell company;

• the issuer of the securities is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act;

• the issuer of the securities has filed all Exchange Act reports and material required to be filed, as applicable, during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports and materials) other than Form 8-K reports; and

• at least one year has elapsed from the time that the issuer filed current Form 10-type information with the SEC reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company.

As a result, the sponsor and Holicity’s directors and officers (“Initial Stockholders”) will be able to sell their shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Founder Shares”) and Private Placement Warrants, as applicable, pursuant to Rule 144 without registration one year after Holicity has completed its initial business combination. Following such time that such shares and warrants are registered with the SEC, Holicity’s Initial Stockholders will be able to sell such shares and warrants (i) in the case of Founder Shares upon the earlier of (A) one year after the Business Combination and (B) the date that the closing price of the Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any

30-trading

day period commencing at least 150 days after the Business Combination; and (ii) in the case of the Private Placement Warrants and the respective shares of Class A common stock underlying such warrants , until 30 days after the completion of our initial business combination except in each case (a) to our officers or directors, any affiliate or family member of any of our officers or directors, any affiliate of our sponsor or to any member of the sponsor or any of their affiliates, (b) in the case of an individual, as a gift to such person’s immediate family or to a trust, the beneficiary of which

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is a member of such person’s immediate family, an affiliate of such person or to a charitable organization; (c) in the case of an individual, by virtue of laws of descent and distribution upon death of such person; (d) in the case of an individual, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order; (e) by private sales or transfers made in connection with any forward purchase agreement or similar arrangement or in connection with the consummation of a business combination at prices no greater than the price at which the shares or warrants were originally purchased; (f) by virtue of the laws of the State of Delaware or our sponsor’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, as applicable, upon dissolution of our sponsor, (g) in the event of our liquidation prior to our consummation of our initial business combination; or (h) in the event that, subsequent to our consummation of an initial business combination, we complete a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of our stockholders having the right to exchange their Class A common stock for cash, securities or other property; provided, however, that in the case of clauses (a) through (f) these permitted transferees must enter into a written agreement agreeing to be bound by these transfer restrictions and the other restrictions contained in the letter agreement.

While we were formed as a shell company, since the completion of the Business Combination, we are no longer a shell company, and so, once the conditions set forth in the exceptions listed above are satisfied, Rule 144 will become available for the resale of the above noted restricted securities.

Lock-up

Agreements

Certain former stockholders of Astra Space, Inc., who collectively owned 91,273,409 shares of our Class A common stock as of August 3, 2021 have agreed with the Company, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their shares of our Class A common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our common stock during the period from the date of the Closing continuing through the date that is six months from the Closing Date.

The Astra Founders, who collectively owned 56,239,188 shares of our Class B common stock as of August 3, 2021, have agreed with the Company, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our common stock during the period from the date of the Closing continuing through the earliest of: (i) the date that is one year from the Closing Date; (ii) the last trading day when the reported sales price of our Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for 20 trading days within any

30-day

trading period commencing at least 150 days after the Closing Date.

Similarly, the Sponsor, who as of August 3, 2021, along with its permitted transferees, owned a total of 8,504,384 shares of our Class A common stock, agreed to a substantially identical

lock-up

as the Astra Founders (and its permitted transferees are subject to such

lock-up

with respect to the shares transferred to such permitted transferees). Additionally, the Sponsor, who as of August 3, 2021, along with its permitted transferees, owned a total of 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants, agreed with the Company not to dispose of or hedge any of the Private Placement Warrants or working capital warrants or shares of our common stock underlying such warrants during the period from the date of the Holicity IPO continuing through the date that is one year from the Holicity IPO, which occurred on August 7, 2020.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth information known to the Company regarding the beneficial ownership of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock as of April 21, 2022 by:

• each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock;

• each of our named executive officers;

• each of our directors (including the director nominees); and

• all of our directors and executive officers as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if they possess sole or shared voting or investment power over that security, including options and warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days. In computing the number of shares of Class A or Class B common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership, the Company deemed outstanding shares of its Class A common stock subject to options held by that person that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days and restricted stock units held by that person that are subject to vest within 60 days. The Company did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

The beneficial ownership of our common stock is based on 208,614,084 shares of Class A common stock and 55,539,188 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding as of April 21, 2022.

Unless otherwise indicated, the Company believes that each person named in the table below has sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the Class A or Class B common stock beneficially owned by them. Except as otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed is c/o Astra Space, Inc., 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, California 94501.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner	Number of Shares of Class A Common Stock		% of Class A Common Stock			Number of Shares of Class B Common Stock		% of Class BC ommon Stock			% of Total Voting Power**
Directors and Executive Officers:
Martin Attiq (1)(3)		618,893			*		—		—				*
Kelyn Brannon (1)(4)		811,044			*		—		—				*
Michèle Flournoy (1)(5)		13,556			*		—		—				*
Chris C. Kemp (1)(6)		6,650			*		27,095,633		48.8	%		35.5	%
Michael E. Lehman (1)(7)		24,602			*		—		—				*
Adam London (1)		—		—			28,443,555		51.2	%		37.2	%
Benjamin Lyon (1)(8)		326,649			*		—		—				*
Craig McCaw (2)		9,280,927		4.5	%		—		—			4.5	%
Lisa Nelson (1)(9)		16,684			*		—		—				*
Scott Stanford (1)(10)		29,649,132		14.2	%		—		—			3.9	%
All directors and executive officers as a group (ten individuals)		40,748,137		19.5	%		55,539,188		100	%		78.0	%
Five Percent Holders:
ACME, LLC and affiliated funds (11)		29,626,192		14.2	%		—		—			3.9	%
A/NPC Holdings LLC (12)		25,155,093		12.1	%		—		—			3.3	%
Canaan X L.P. (13)		16,489,668		8.0	%		—		—			2.2	%

* less than 1%

** Percentage of total voting power represents voting power with respect to all shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as a single class. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share and each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share.

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(1) The business address of each of these holders is 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501.

(2) The business address of Mr. McCaw is 2300 Carillon Point, Kirkland, WA 98033. Includes 14,911 restricted stock units which vest within 60 days of April 21, 2022. The record holder of the remaining shares reported here is X-icity Holdings Corporation (“X-icity”) Mr. McCaw is the Co-CEO of Pendrell. Mr. McCaw shares voting and investment discretion with respect to the Class A common stock held of record by Pendrell Corporation (“Pendrell”), which owns 100% of X-icity. Mr. McCaw shares voting and investment discretion with respect to these shares and disclaims any beneficial ownership of any shares held by X-icity or Pendrell except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. The business address of Pendrell is 2300 Carillon Point, Kirkland, WA 98033.

(3) Includes options to purchase 585,084 shares of Class A common stock that will be exercisable 60 days from April 21, 2022, and 12,012 restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(4) Includes options to purchase 518,474 shares of Class A common stock that will be exercisable 60 days from April 21, 2022, and 99,681 restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(5) Consists solely of restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(6) Number of shares of Class A common stock reported consists solely of options to purchase shares of Class A common stock that will be exercisable 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(7) Includes 18,352 restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(8) Includes 81,351 restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(9) Consists solely of restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022.

(10) Shares reported includes 22,940 restricted stock units which will vest within 60 days from April 21, 2022, and shares held by ACME, LLC and its affiliates Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP (“ACME Fund II”), ACME SPV AS, LLC (collectively “ACME Capital”) and Eagle Creek Capital LLC (collectively “ACME Capital”). See Note 11. Scott Stanford exercises voting and dispositive control over the securities held by ACME Fund II and Eagle Creek Capital LLC and thus may be deemed to beneficially own such securities. Scott Stanford and Hany Nada exercise voting and dispositive control over the securities held by ACME SPV AS, LLC and thus may be deemed to beneficially own such securities.

(11) Based on the Schedule 13D filed on July 12, 2021, funds managed by ACME Capital are the record holders of the shares reported herein. Scott Stanford exercises voting and dispositive control over the securities held by ACME Fund II and Eagle Creek Capital LLC and thus may be deemed to beneficially own such securities. Scott Stanford and Hany Nada exercise voting and dispositive control over the securities held by ACME SPV AS, LLC and thus may be deemed to beneficially own such securities. The business address of ACME Capital is 500 Howard Street, Suite 201, San Francisco, CA 94105.

(12) Based on the Scheduled 13G filed on July 8, 2021, A/NPC Holdings LLC is a Delaware limited liability company (“A/NPC Holdings”). 61.24% of the interests of A/NPC Holdings are held by Newhouse Cable Holdings, LLC, a New York limited liability company (“Newhouse Cable”). The remaining 38.76% of the interests in A/NPC Holdings are held by Advance Communications Company LLC, a New York limited liability company (“Advance Communications Co.”), which is also the managing member of A/NPC Holdings. Newhouse Cable is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Newhouse Broadcasting Corporation, a New York corporation. Advance Communications Co. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Advance Publications, Inc., a New York corporation (“API”). All of the common shares in API are owned by Newhouse Family Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“NFH”). As a result of its ownership of all of the outstanding common shares of API, NFH has the power to elect the board of directors of API. Advance Long-Term Management Trust, a New Jersey trust (“Advance Long-Term Trust”), is the sole general partner of NFH. The trustees of Advance Long-Term Trust are Samuel I. Newhouse, III, Steven O. Newhouse, Michael A. Newhouse, Victor F. Ganzi and Thomas Summer. NFH, Advance Long-Term Trust and each trustee of Advance Long-Term Trust disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares of Class A common stock reported herein. The business address of A/NPC Holdings LLC is c/o Advance Finance Group, One World Trade Center, 43rd Floor, New York, NY 10007, Attn: William J. Barry and Sol Cotlier.

(13) Based on the Schedule 13G filed on January 27, 2022, the shares are held directly by Canaan X L.P. (the “Canaan Fund”). The sole general partner of the Canaan Fund is Canaan Partners X LLC (“Canaan X”), and may be deemed to have sole voting, investment and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by the Canaan Fund. Investment and voting decisions with respect to the shares held by the Canaan Fund are made by the managers of Canaan X, collectively. The business address is 2765 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025.

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SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

This prospectus relates to the resale by the Selling Securityholders from time to time of up to 189,026,575 shares of Class A common stock, including (i) 5,333,333 shares of Class A common stock that may be issued upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants, (ii) 112,277,793 shares of Class A common stock held by the Selling Securityholders, (iii) 56,239,188 shares of Class A common stock that may be issued upon conversion (on a

one-for-one

basis) of shares of Class B common stock held by the Astra Founders, (iv) 7,676,261 shares of Class A common stock acquired by the Selling Shareholders as partial consideration for our acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc. pursuant to the Apollo Merger Agreement comprised of (x) 2,558,744 shares of our Class A common stock issued to certain of the selling securityholders named in this offering on July 1, 2021 in connection with our merger with Apollo and (y) 5,117,517 additional shares of our Class A common stock which may be issued to certain of the selling securityholders assuming (a) the achievement of all remaining performance milestones set forth in the merger agreement related to the Apollo merger, (b) we elect to pay all future milestone consideration in shares of our Class A common stock as required by the terms of our agreement with Apollo, and (c) the per share price used to calculate the number of shares of our Class A common stock to be issued is $11.7243, which is the same per share price used to calculate the number of Initial Shares issued to the selling securityholders. The Additional Shares have not been earned and are not currently outstanding. The actual number of Additional Shares issued to the selling stockholders could be materially greater or less than 5,117,517 shares of Class A common stock depending whether and to what extent the future performance milestones are met and/or the actual average closing price of our Class A common stock at the time such milestones are achieved; and (v) 5,333,333 warrants. The Selling Securityholders may from time to time offer and sell any or all of the common stock and warrants set forth below pursuant to this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. When we refer to the “Selling Securityholders” in this prospectus, we mean the persons listed in the table below, and the pledgees, donees, transferees, assignees, successors, designees and others who later come to hold any of the Selling Securityholders’ interest in the common stock or warrants other than through a public sale.

As of the date of this prospectus, all warrants to purchase shares of our Class A common stock have been redeemed, and no warrants are outstanding.

Under the Apollo Merger Agreement, we agreed to file a registration statement or prospectus with the SEC for the purposes of registering for resale the shares of our common stock issued to the selling stockholders and to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement until such time as all shares of common stock covered by the registration statement have been sold or may be sold under Rule 144 without manner of sale restrictions or volume limitations, subject to certain exceptions.

Under the Apollo Merger Agreement, we will indemnify each selling stockholder against any damages to which a selling stockholder may become subject by reason of any material misstatement or omission in this registration statement, except to the extent that such damages arise out of or are based upon information furnished to us in writing by such selling stockholder for use in this registration statement. Each selling stockholder will indemnify us and certain related persons against any damages to which such indemnified parties may become subject by reason of any material misstatement or omission in this registration statement or any violation or alleged violation of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or any state securities law, or any rule promulgated under any of the foregoing, in each case to the extent based upon any action or omission made in reliance upon information provided in writing by such selling stockholder for use in this registration statement.

The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the names of the Selling Securityholders, the aggregate number of shares of common stock and warrants beneficially owned, the aggregate number of shares of common stock and warrants that the Selling Securityholders may offer pursuant to this prospectus and the number of shares of common stock and warrants beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholders after the sale of the securities offered hereby. We have based percentage ownership on 200,805,678 shares of Class A common stock and 56,239,188 shares of Class B common stock and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants outstanding, in

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each case as of August 3, 2021. In calculating percentages of shares of Class A common stock owned by a particular Selling Securityholder, we treated as outstanding the number of shares of our Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of that particular Selling Securityholder’s Private Placement Warrants, if any, and did not assume the exercise of any other Selling Securityholder’s Private Placement Warrants.

We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the tables have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all securities that they beneficially own, subject to community property laws where applicable.

We cannot advise you as to whether the Selling Securityholders will in fact sell any or all of such common stock or warrants. In addition, the Selling Securityholders may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, at any time and from time to time, the common stock and warrants in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act after the date of this prospectus. For purposes of this table, we have assumed that the Selling Securityholders will have sold all of the securities covered by this prospectus upon the completion of the offering.

Selling Securityholder information for each additional Selling Securityholder, if any, will be set forth by prospectus supplement to the extent required prior to the time of any offer or sale of such Selling Securityholder’s shares pursuant to this prospectus. Any prospectus supplement may add, update, substitute, or change the information contained in this prospectus, including the identity of each Selling Securityholder and the number of shares registered on its behalf. A Selling Securityholder may sell or otherwise transfer all, some or none of such shares in this offering. See “

Plan of Distribution

.”

Selling Securityholders

Selling Securityholder (1)	Shares of Class A Common Stock Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering		Private Placement Warrants Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering	Shares of Class A Common Stock Offered		Private Placement Warrants Offered	Shares of Class A Common Stock Beneficially Owned After the Offered Shares are Sold		%			Private Placement Warrants Beneficially Owned After the Offered Private Placement Warrants are Sold	%
Davidson Kempner Capital Management LP (2)		750,000			750,000
Tech Opportunities LLC (3)		750,000			750,000
Light Street Capital Management, LLC (4)		4,354,789			850,000			3,504,789		1.36	%
Entities affiliated with Millennium Management LLC (5)		1,748,802			1,250,000			498,802			*
Suvretta Capital Management LLC (6)		1,000,000			1,000,000
Antara Capital Master Fund LP (7)		850,000			850,000
Artis Ventures III, L.P. (8)		250,000			250,000
BlackRock, Inc. (9)		7,500,000			7,500,000
Blackstone Aqua Master Sub-Fund (10)		850,000			850,000
Entities within the D.E. Shaw group (11)		1,000,000			1,000,000

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Selling Securityholder (1)	Shares of Class A Common Stock Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering		Private Placement Warrants Beneficially Owned Prior to Offering		Shares of Class A Common Stock Offered		Private Placement Warrants Offered		Shares of Class A Common Stock Beneficially Owned After the Offered Shares are Sold		%		Private Placement Warrants Beneficially Owned After the Offered Private Placement Warrants are Sold	%
Ethos Astra Stock, LLC (12)		500,000				500,000
HBK Master Fund L.P. (13)		750,000				750,000
CVI Investments, Inc. (14)		750,000				750,000
Iridian Asset Management LLC (15)		1,000,000				1,000,000
Jane Street Global Trading, LLC (16)		507,700				500,000				7,700		*
Monashee Investment Management LLC (17)		600,000				600,000
SPAC Opportunity Partners Investments Sub, LLC (18)		550,000				550,000
P. Schoenfeld Asset Management LP (19)		300,000				300,000
X-icity Holdings Corporation (20)		5,333,333		5,333,333		5,333,333		5,333,333
Pendrell Corporation (21)		7,735,484				7,735,484
Benjamin Longmier (22)		1,153,735				1,153,735
Michael Cassidy (23)		1,676,940				1,676,940
Programmable Exchange LLC (24)		1,010,286				1,010,286
Reprogrammed Interchange LLC (25)		2,425,823				2,425,823
Venture Lending & Leasing VIII, LLC (26)		442,805				442,805
Chris Kemp (27)		27,095,633				27,095,633
Adam London (28)		29,143,555				29,143,555
Martin Attiq (29)		155,166				155,166
A/NPC Holdings LLC (30)		25,155,093				25,155,093
Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP (31)		28,238,728				28,238,728
Canaan X, L.P. (32)		20,689,668				20,689,668
OATV III, L.P. (33)		7,881,524				7,881,524
Ethos Astra, LLC (34)		62,496				62,496
Ethos Fund I, LP (35)		563,012				563,012
Airbus Ventures Fund III, L.P. (36)		5,266,281				5,266,281
Na’-Nuk Investment Fund, L.P. (37)		3,261,441				3,261,441
Other Selling Securityholders (1)		1,684,116				1,684,116

* Less than one percent.

(1) The disclosure with respect to the remaining Selling Securityholders is being made on an aggregate basis, as opposed to on an individual basis, because their aggregate holdings are less than 1% of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock. The address for these Selling Securityholders is c/o Astra Space, Inc., 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501.

(2) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of 268,200 shares held by Davidson Kempner Institutional Partners, L.P., 329,025 shares held by Davidson Kempner International, Ltd., 130,650 shares held by Davidson Kempner Partners and 22,125 shares held by M.H. Davidson & Co. Voting and dispositive authority over the shares is held by Davidson Kempner

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Capital Management LP (“DKCM”). Anthony A. Yoseloff, Eric P. Epstein, Conor Bastable, Shulamit Leviant, Morgan P. Blackwell, Patrick W. Dennis, Gabriel T. Schwartz, Zachary Z. Altschuler, Joshua D. Morris and Suzanne K. Gibbons, through DKCM, are responsible for the voting and investment decisions relating to the shares. Each of the aforementioned entities and individuals disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares held by any other entity or individual named in this footnote except to the extent of such entity or individual’s pecuniary interest therein, if any. The address of each of the entities and individuals in this footnote is c/o Davidson Kempner Capital Management LP, 520 Madison Avenue, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10022.

(3) Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, the investment manager of Tech Opportunities LLC, has voting and investment power over these securities. Sander Gerber is the managing member of Hudson Bay Capital GP LLC, which is the general partner of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP. Each of Tech Opportunities LLC and Sander Gerber disclaims beneficial ownership over these securities. The address of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP is 777 3rd Ave., Floor 30, New York, NY 10017-1407.

(4) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of 850,000 shares held by Light Street Mercury Master Fund, L.P. Light Street Capital Management, LLC is the General Partner of this fund and has voting and investment power over these securities. The address of Light Street Capital Management, LLC is 525 University Avenue, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94301.

(5) As of the close of business on August 5, 2021:

i) Integrated Core Strategies (US) LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Integrated Core Strategies”), beneficially owned 1,050,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A Common Stock”) (which shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock were purchased in a private placement pursuant to a subscription agreement dated February 2, 2021 (the “PIPE”));

ii) Riverview Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Riverview Group”), beneficially owned 200,000 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock purchased in the PIPE;

iii) ICS Opportunities, Ltd., an exempted company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“ICS Opportunities”), beneficially owned 258,916 shares of the Company’s Common Stock (which are issuable upon exercise of certain warrants);

iv) ICS Opportunities II LLC, a Cayman Islands limited liability company (“ICS Opportunities II”), beneficially owned 133,286 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock;

v) Integrated Assets, Ltd., an exempted company organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“Integrated Assets”), beneficially owned 30,385 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock; and

vi) Integrated Assets II LLC, a Cayman Islands limited liability company (“Integrated Assets II”), beneficially owned 76,215 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II are affiliates of Integrated Core Strategies and Riverview Group.

Millennium International Management LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“Millennium International Management”), is the investment manager to ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II and may be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II.

Millennium Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Millennium Management”), is the general partner of the managing member of Integrated Core Strategies and Riverview Group and may be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by Integrated Core Strategies and Riverview Group. Millennium Management is also the general partner of the 100% owner of ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II and may also be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II.

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Millennium Group Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Millennium Group Management”), is the managing member of Millennium Management and may also be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by Integrated Core Strategies and Riverview Group. Millennium Group Management is also the general partner of Millennium International Management and may also be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II.

The managing member of Millennium Group Management is a trust of which Israel A. Englander, a United States citizen (“Mr. Englander”), currently serves as the sole voting trustee. Therefore, Mr. Englander may also be deemed to have shared voting control and investment discretion over securities owned by Integrated Core Strategies, Riverview Group, ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets and Integrated Assets II.

The foregoing should not be construed in and of itself as an admission by Millennium International Management, Millennium Management, Millennium Group Management or Mr. Englander as to beneficial ownership of the securities owned by Integrated Core Strategies, Riverview Group, ICS Opportunities, ICS Opportunities II, Integrated Assets or Integrated Assets II, as the case may be.

Address for Notices to the Selling Holders:

Integrated Core Strategies (US) LLC

c/o Millennium Management LLC

399 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Citizenship: Delaware

Phone: (212)

841-4100

email:

pipes@mlp.com

Riverview Group LLC

c/o Millennium Management LLC

399 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Citizenship: Delaware

Phone: (212)

841-4100

email:

pipes@mlp.com

(6) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of shares held by Suvretta Long Master Fund, Ltd. and Suvretta Master Fund, Ltd. Suvretta Capital Management LLC has voting and investment power over the shares. The address of Suvretta Capital Management LLC is 540 Madison Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10022.

(7) The address of Antara Capital Master Fund LP is 500 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2320, New York, NY 10110.

(8) The address of Artis Ventures III, L.P. is 499 Jackson Street, Suite 400, San Francisco, CA 94111-1612.

(9) The registered holders of the referenced shares to be registered are the following funds and accounts under management by subsidiaries of BlackRock, Inc.: BlackRock Science and Technology Trust II; BlackRock Global Funds – Next Generation Technology Fund; BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc.; BlackRock Global Funds – Global Allocation Fund; BlackRock Global Allocation V.I. Fund of BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc.; BlackRock Global Allocation Portfolio of BlackRock Series Fund, Inc.; BlackRock Global Allocation Collective Fund; BlackRock Global Funds – Global Dynamic Equity Fund; BlackRock Capital Allocation Trust; BlackRock Strategic Income Opportunities Portfolio of BlackRock Funds V; Strategic Income Opportunities Bond Fund; BGF ESG Fixed Income Global Opportunities Fund; BGF Fixed Income Global Opportunities Fund; Master Total Return Portfolio of Master Bond LLC; BlackRock Total Return Bond Fund; BlackRock Global Long/Short Credit Fund of BlackRock Funds IV; and BlackRock Global Funds – Global Bond Income Fund. BlackRock, Inc. is the ultimate parent holding

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company of such subsidiaries. On behalf of such subsidiaries, the applicable portfolio managers, as managing directors (or in other capacities) of such entities, and/or the applicable investment committee members of such funds and accounts, have voting and investment power over the shares held by the funds and accounts which are the registered holders of the referenced shares. Such portfolio managers and/or investment committee members expressly disclaim beneficial ownership of all shares held by such funds and accounts. The address of such funds and accounts, such subsidiaries and such portfolio managers and/or investment committee members is 55 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10055. Shares shown include only the securities being registered for resale and may not incorporate all shares deemed to be beneficially held by the registered holders or BlackRock, Inc.

(10) Reflects securities held directly by Blackstone Aqua Master Sub-Fund, a sub-fund of Blackstone Global Master Fund ICAV (the “Aqua Fund”). Blackstone Alternative Solutions L.L.C. is the investment manager of the Aqua Fund. Blackstone Holdings I L.P. is the sole member of Blackstone Alternative Solutions L.L.C. Blackstone Holdings I/II GP L.L.C. is the general partner of Blackstone Holdings I L.P. The Blackstone Group Inc. is the sole member of Blackstone Holdings I/II GP L.L.C. Blackstone Group Management L.L.C. is the sole holder of the Series II preferred stock of Blackstone Inc. Blackstone Group Management L.L.C. is wholly owned by its senior managing directors and controlled by its founder, Stephen A. Schwarzman. Each of such Blackstone entities and Mr. Schwarzman may be deemed to beneficially own the securities beneficially owned by the Aqua Fund directly or indirectly controlled by it or him, but each (other than the Aqua Fund to the extent of its direct holdings) disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities. The address of each of the entities listed is c/o Blackstone Inc., 345 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10154.

(11) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale hereby consists of: (i) 250,000 shares held by D. E. Shaw Oculus Portfolios, L.L.C. and (ii) 750,000 shares held by D. E. Shaw Valence Portfolios, L.L.C. (together with D. E. Shaw Oculus Portfolios, L.L.C., the “D. E. Shaw Entities”). Each of the D. E. Shaw Entities has the power to vote or to direct the vote of (and the power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares directly owned by it. D. E. Shaw & Co., L.P. (“DESCO LP”), as the investment adviser of the D. E. Shaw Entities, may be deemed to have the shared power to vote or direct the vote of (and the shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. D. E. Shaw & Co., L.L.C. (“DESCO LLC”), as the manager of the D. E. Shaw Entities, may be deemed to have the shared power to vote or direct the vote of (and the shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. Julius Gaudio, Maximilian Stone, and Eric Wepsic, or their designees, exercise voting and investment control over the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities on DESCO LP’s and DESCO LLC’s behalf. D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. (“DESCO Inc.”), as general partner of DESCO LP, may be deemed to have the shared power to vote or direct the vote of (and the shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. D. E. Shaw & Co. II, Inc. (“DESCO II Inc.”), as managing member of DESCO LLC, may be deemed to have the shared power to vote or direct the vote of (and the shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. None of DESCO LP, DESCO LLC, DESCO Inc., or DESCO II Inc. owns any shares of the Company directly, and each such entity disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. David E. Shaw does not own any shares of the Company directly. By virtue of David E. Shaw’s position as President and sole shareholder of DESCO Inc., which is the general partner of DESCO LP, and by virtue of David E. Shaw’s position as President and sole shareholder of DESCO II Inc., which is the managing member of DESCO LLC, David E. Shaw may be deemed to have the shared power to vote or direct the vote of (and the shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of) the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities and, therefore, David E. Shaw may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. David E. Shaw disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares owned by the D. E. Shaw Entities. The address of each of the D. E. Shaw Entities is c/o D. E. Shaw group, 1166 Avenue of the Americas, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10036.

(12) The address of Ethos Astra Stock, LLC is 2 Embarcadero Center, Suite 1440, San Francisco, CA 94104-4205.

(13) HBK Investments L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, has shared voting and dispositive power over the Common Stock pursuant to an Investment Management Agreement between HBK Investments L.P. and the

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Selling Securityholder. HBK Investments L.P. has delegated discretion to vote and dispose of the Common Stock to HBK Services LLC. The following individuals may be deemed to have control over HBK Investments L.P. and HBK Services LLC: Jamiel A. Akhtar, David C. Haley, Jon L. Mosle III and Matthew F. Luth. Each of HBK Services LLC and the individuals listed above disclaim beneficial ownership of any of the securities reported. The address of HBK Master Fund L.P. is C/O HBK Services LLC, 2300 North Field Street, Suite 2200, Dallas, TX 75201.

(14) Heights Capital Management is the authorized agent for shares held by CVI Investments Inc. and has voting and investment control over the securities. The address of CVI Investments Inc. is 401 East City Avenue, Suite 220, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004-1117.

(15) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of 53,700 shares held by Iridian Charter Fund, LP, 8,600 shares held by Iridian Durascent Fund, LP, 108,900 shares held by Iridian Eagle Fund, LP, 800,000 shares held by Iridian Raven Fund, LP, and 28,800 shares held by Iridian Wasabi Fund, LP. Iridian Asset Management LLC is the investment manager of each of these funds and has voting and investment power over the securities. The address of Iridian Asset Management LLC is 276 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06880-4703..

(16) The address of Jane Street Global Trading LLC is 250 Vesey Street, New York, NY 10281-1052.

(17) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of 171,541 shares held by BEMAP Master Fund Ltd., 21,930 shares held by Bespoke Alpha MAC MIM LP, 144,677 shares held by DS Liquid Div RVA MON LLC, 101,958 shares held by Monashee Pure Alpha SPV I LP, 130,783 shares held by Monashee Solitario Fund LP, 29,111 shares held by SFL SPV I LLC. Each of these funds is affiliated with Monashee Investment Management, LLC, which has voting and investment power over the securities. The address of Monashee Investment Management LLC is 75 Park Plaza, Suite 2, Boston, MA 02116-3934.

(18) The address of SPAC Opportunity Partners Investment Sub, LLC is 2870 Peachtree Road, NW Suite 509, Atlanta, GA 30305.

(19) The shares of Class A Common Stock being registered for resale by this Selling Securityholder consist of 20,700 shares held by K2 PSAM Event Master Fund, 119,100 shares held by Lumyna PSAM Global Event UCITS Fund, 35,100 shares held by Lumyna Specialist Funds – Event Alternative Fund, 125,100 shares held by PSAM WorldArb Master Fund Ltd., P. Schoenfeld Asset Management LP is the investment manager of each of these funds and has voting and investment power over the securities. The address of P. Schoenfeld Asset Management LP is One Capital Place, 136 Shedden Road, 3rd Floor, PO Box 677, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.

(20) The shares of Class A Common Stock represent the share of Class A Common Stock that are issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants and the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Private Placement Warrants are both being offered for resale by this prospectus. The address of X-icity Holdings Corporation is 2300 Carillon Pt., Kirkland, WA 98033-7445.

(21) X-icity Holdings Corporation is the record holder of the shares reported herein. R. Gerard Salemme and Randy Russell are shareholders of Pendrell Corporation, the corporate parent of X-icity Holdings Corporation, and may be entitled to distributions of securities held by Pendrell. Mr. McCaw is the Co-CEO of Pendrell. Mr. McCaw shares voting and investment discretion with respect to the Class A common stock held of record by Pendrell. Mr. McCaw disclaims any beneficial ownership of any shares held by Pendrell. The address of Pendrell Corporation is 2300 Carillon Point, Kirkland, WA 98033-7445. Pendrell Corporation, through X-icity Holdings Corporation was the holder of all 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. X-icity Holdings Corporation originally acquired the Private Placement Warrants for $1.50 per warrant, or an aggregate purchase price of $8,000,000. The acquisition of warrants was part of the original offering described in Holicity’s final Prospectus dated August 4, 2020 and filed with the SEC (File No. 333-239926) on August 6, 2020. As a result of the redemption of the Private Placement Warrants, X-icity Holdings Corporation received 1,365,532 shares of Class A common stock in lieu of the redemption price of $0.10.

(22) Consists of 400,019 shares received July 1, 2021 and, based on the milestone assumptions, 753,716 Additional Shares to be received. The address of Benjamin Longmier is 1036 Los Trancos Rd., Portola Valley, CA 94028.

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(23) Consists of 581,423 shares received July 1, 2021 and, based on the milestone assumptions, 1,095,517 Additional Shares to be received. The address of Michael Cassidy is 187 Seminary Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025.

(24) Consists of 350,283 shares received July 1, 2021 and, based on the milestone assumptions, 660,003 shares of Additional Shares to be received. The address of Programmable Exchange LLC is 150 Spear Street, Suite 1800, San Francisco, CA 94105.

(25) Consists of 841,073 shares received July 1, 2021 and, based on the milestone assumptions, 1,584,750 Additional Shares to be received. The address of Reprogrammed Interchange LLC is 150 Spear Street, Suite 1800, San Francisco, CA 94105.

(26) Consists of 153,528 shares received July 1, 2021 and, based on the milestone assumptions, 289,277 Additional Shares to be received. The address of Venture Lending & Leasing VIII, LLC is 104 La Mesa, #102, Portola Valley, CA 94028.

(27) The address of Chris Kemp is 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501.

(28) The address of Adam London is 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501. On December 28, 2021, Mr. London completed the transfer by charitable gift of 700,000 shares of Class B common stock (the “Original Shares”) of the Company, resulting in the conversion of each share of Class B common stock into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A common stock (the “New Shares”). As a condition to the transfer, the recipient of the New Shares was required to join the Investors’ Rights Agreement between the Company, the reporting person and the other parties thereto dated February 2, 2021, and the New Shares are subject to the restricted transfer provisions thereunder as if the New Shares were held by Mr. London. The recipient of the New Shares was not asked to be a Selling Securityholder under this prospectus. Should the recipient of the New Shares desire to be a Selling Securityholder under this prospectus, we will promptly file a prospectus supplement.

(29) The address of Martin Attiq is 1900 Skyhawk Street, Alameda, CA 94501.

(30) A/NPC Holdings LLC is a Delaware limited liability company (“A/NPC Holdings”). 61.24% of the interests of A/NPC Holdings are held by Newhouse Cable Holdings, LLC, a New York limited liability company (“Newhouse Cable”). The remaining 38.76% of the interests in A/NPC Holdings are held by Advance Communications Company LLC, a New York limited liability company (“Advance Communications Co.”), which is also the managing member of A/NPC Holdings. Newhouse Cable is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Newhouse Broadcasting Corporation, a New York corporation. Advance Communications Co. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Advance Publications, Inc., a New York corporation (“API”). All of the common shares in API are owned by Newhouse Family Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“NFH”). As a result of its ownership of all of the outstanding common shares of API, NFH has the power to elect the board of directors of API. Advance Long-Term Management Trust, a New Jersey trust (“Advance Long-Term Trust”), is the sole general partner of NFH. The trustees of Advance Long-Term Trust are Samuel I. Newhouse, III, Steven O. Newhouse, Michael A. Newhouse, Victor F. Ganzi and Thomas Summer. NFH, Advance Long-Term Trust and each trustee of Advance Long-Term Trust disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares of Class A Common Stock reported on this Registration Statement. The address of A/NPC Holdings LLC is One World Trade Center, New York, NY 10007-2915.

(31) The address of Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP is 800 Market Street, Suite 800, San Francisco, CA 94102.

(32) The shares are held directly by Canaan X L.P. (the “Canaan Fund”). The sole general partner of the Canaan Fund is Canaan Partners X LLC (“Canaan X”), and may be deemed to have sole voting, investment and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by the Canaan Fund. Investment and voting decisions with respect to the shares held by the Canaan Fund are made by the managers of Canaan X, collectively. The address of Canaan X, L.P. is 285 Riverside Avenue, Westport, CT 06880.

(33) The address of OATV III, L.P. is 775 E. Blithedale Avenue, #568, Mill Valley, CA 94941.

(34) The address of Ethos Astra, LLC is 180 Montgomery Street, Suite 120, San Francisco, CA 94104.

(35) The address of Ethos Fund I, LP is 180 Montgomery Street, Suite 120, San Francisco, CA 94104.

(36) The address of Airbus Ventures Fund III, L.P. is 3000 Sand Hill Road, Building 1, Suite 120, Menlo Park, CA 94205.

(37) The address of Na’-Nuk Investment Fund, L.P. is 3800 Centerpoint Drive, #10000, Ankorage, AK 99503.

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Initial Public Offering of Holicity

On August 7, 2020, Holicity consummated its initial public offering of 27,500,000 units. Additionally, Holicity granted the underwriters

a 45-day option

from the date of the final prospectus relating to the initial public offering to purchase up to 4,125,000 additional units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the initial public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. On August 11, 2020, the underwriters purchased 2,500,000 over-allotment units pursuant to the partial exercise of the Over-Allotment Option. The underwriters did not exercise the remaining portion of their Over-Allotment Option.

Each unit consists of one share of Class A common stock

and one-third of

one redeemable warrant. Each whole warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of Class A common stock for $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. The units were sold at an offering price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds, before expenses, of $300,000,000. On June 4, 2020, Pendrell Corporation (“Pendrell”) purchased an aggregate of 7,187,500 Founder Shares in exchange for payment of certain offering costs of $25,000, or approximately $0.003 per share. Pendrell transferred such shares to the Sponsor on June 9, 2020. In July 2020, the Sponsor transferred 30,000 Founder Shares to the independent director nominees of Holicity, 150,000 shares to Craig O. McCaw, 100,000 shares to Randy Russell, 80,000 shares to R. Gerard Salemme, 40,000 shares to Steve Ednie and 239,000 to other directors, officers, employees and consultants of Pendrell, in each case for approximately the

same per-share price

initially paid by our sponsor, resulting in the Sponsor holding 6,488,500 Founder Shares. On August 4, 2020, Holicity effectuated

a 1.1-for-1 Class B

common stock split resulting in an aggregate of 7,906,250 Founder Shares outstanding. As a result, the Initial Stockholders forfeited 406,250 shares, resulting in the Initial Stockholders holding an aggregate of 7,500,000 shares of Class B common stock, of which 6,731,100 are held by the Sponsor. The shares forfeited by the Initial Stockholders were cancelled by Holicity.

Our Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants in connection with Holicity’s Initial Public Offering and the sale of the over-allotment units, at a price of $1.50 per Private Placement Warrant, or $8,000,000 in the aggregate. Each Private Placement Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share. The Private Placement Warrants (including the Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants) may not, subject to certain limited exceptions, be transferred, assigned or sold until 30 days after the completion of the Business Combination.

Holicity’s officers and directors were entitled to reimbursement for

any out-of-pocket expenses

incurred in connection with activities on Holicity’s behalf such as identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable business combinations. Holicity’s audit committee reviewed on a quarterly basis all payments that were made to our Sponsor, Holicity’s officers, directors or its or their affiliates.

Exchange with

Co-Founders

and Executive Officers

To facilitate the delivery of Astra Class B common stock by Mr. Kemp and Dr. London, Legacy Astra entered into an exchange agreement with Mr. Kemp and Dr. London, effective as of immediately prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, pursuant to which each share of Legacy Astra Class A common stock held by Mr. Kemp and Dr. London was automatically exchanged for one share of Astra Class B common stock such that as of immediately following the completion of the Business Combination, Mr. Kemp and Dr. London collectively held approximately 75% of the voting power of the capital stock of the Company on a fully-diluted basis.

Series C Financing

On January 28, 2021, Legacy Astra entered into a Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement pursuant to which Legacy Astra issued an aggregate of 42,854,347 shares of Legacy Astra Series C preferred stock.

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4,531,055 shares of Legacy Astra Series C preferred stock were issued at a purchase price of $6.62097 per share for aggregate consideration of approximately $29,999,979. In addition, 38,323,292 shares of Legacy Astra Series C preferred stock were issued upon the conversion of certain of Legacy Astra’s outstanding convertible promissory notes at a purchase price of $1.32703 or $1.70618 per share, for aggregate consideration of approximately $60,989,852. The outstanding shares of Legacy Astra Series C preferred stock were exchanged for shares of our Class A common stock in connection with the Closing.

The participants in this preferred stock financing include certain holders of more than 5% of Astra’s capital stock and/or entities related to Astra’s and Holicity’s directors at the Closing. The following table sets forth the aggregate number of shares of Legacy Astra Series C preferred stock issued to these related persons in this preferred stock financing:

Name	Shares		Aggregate Purchase Price		Date of Issuance
A/NPC Holdings LLC		7,819,887	$	10,377,225		January 28, 2021
Canaan X, L.P.		2,151,738	$	3,078,271		January 28, 2021
ACME Capital (1)		584,964	$	820,160		January 28, 2021
Pendrell Corporation (2)		1,510,352	$	9,999,995		January 28, 2021

(1) Mr. Stanford, a director of both Legacy Astra and the Company, is the co-founder of Acme, LLC and its affiliates.

(2) Mr. McCaw, the Chairman and co-Chief Executive Officer of Pendrell Corporation, became a member of the Board upon Closing.

Agreements with Astra Stockholders

Investors’ Rights, Voting and Right of First Refusal Agreements

In connection with Legacy Astra’s Series C preferred stock financing, Legacy Astra entered into investors’ rights, voting and right of first refusal and

co-sale

agreements containing registration rights, information rights, voting rights and rights of first refusal, among other things, with holders of Legacy Astra’s preferred stock and certain holders of its common stock.

Investors’ Rights Agreement

In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, Holicity, Legacy Astra, certain Holicity Stockholders and certain Legacy Astra stockholders entered into the Investors’ Rights Agreement, to be effective at the Closing. In addition, all other Legacy Astra stockholders that received capital stock of the Company in the Business Combination signed a joinder to the Investors’ Rights Agreement pursuant to a letter of transmittal.

Pursuant to the Investors’ Rights Agreement, the Company will be required to register for resale securities held by the stockholders party thereto. The Company will have no obligation to facilitate more than one demand made by the Pendrell Holicity Holdings Corporation or its affiliates that the Company register such stockholders’ securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggyback” registration rights with respect to registrations initiated by the Company. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any registration statements pursuant to the Investors’ Rights Agreement. The Investors’ Rights Agreement also restricts the ability of Mr. Kemp, Dr. London and the Sponsor to transfer its shares of Class A common stock for a period of one year following the Closing, subject to certain permitted transfers, unless the closing price of the Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any

30-trading

day period commencing at least 150 days after the Closing. In addition, the Investors’ Rights Agreement also restricts the ability of each stockholder who is a party thereto to transfer its shares of Class A common stock for a period of six months following the Closing, subject to certain permitted transfers.

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Bridge Loan with Pendrell

On May 20, 2021, Legacy Astra entered into the Bridge Loan with Pendrell Corporation as the lender, pursuant to which Pendrell agreed to make a loan to Legacy Astra in a principal amount of $25,000,000. Pendrell is the parent of Sponsor and entered into the Bridge Loan with Legacy Astra to provide it with liquidity during the period prior to the Closing. The Bridge Loan was repaid in full in connection with the Closing.

Shares Granted to Mr. Kemp’s Spouse

The spouse of Mr. Kemp, our CEO, received a grant of 33,000 shares of RSUs on November 9, 2021, which were issued under the Plan. The RSUs were granted in connection with investor relations and marketing services provided to the Company. The RSUs vested on November 15, 2021.

COVID-19

Tests Purchased from Cue Health Inc.

We began purchasing

COVID-19

test readers and related test cartridges from Cue Health Inc. in the late second quarter 2021, at their standard pricing. In August 2021, we entered into a

six-month

subscription arrangement with Cue Health Inc. for the purchase of

COVID-19

test readers and the related test cartridges. Under Cue Health Inc.’s standard subscription arrangement, we receive a twenty percent (20%) discount on each Cue Reader and fourteen percent (14%) discount on each test cartridge. Mr. Stanford, a member of the Board and our Lead Director, serves on the board of directors of Cue Health Inc. Funds affiliated with ACME Capital collectively beneficially own 10.4% of the outstanding common stock of Cue Health Inc. Mr. Stanford was not involved in the negotiation of our arrangement with Cue Health Inc. The Company made purchases of $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company conducted its independent evaluation of Cue Health Inc.’s services and determined in its sole judgment Cue Health Inc.’s product and services were the best option for Astra to ensure it could maintain a safe and productive work environment.

Director and Officer Indemnification and Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance

Our Charter provides that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and officers. We also maintain a general liability insurance policy, which covers certain liabilities of directors and officers of the Company arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers.

Related Person Transaction Policy

The Board has adopted a written related person transaction policy that sets forth the following policies and procedures for the review and approval or ratification of related person transactions. This policy covers, with certain exceptions set forth in Item 404 of Regulation

S-K

under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, any transaction, arrangement or relationship, or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships, in which we were or are to be a participant, where the amount involved exceeds $120,000 in any fiscal year and a related person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest, including without limitation, purchases of goods or services by or from the related person or entities in which the related person has a material interest, indebtedness, guarantees of indebtedness and employment by us of a related person. In reviewing and approving any such transactions, our audit committee is tasked with considering all relevant facts and circumstances, including, but not limited to, whether the transaction is on terms comparable to those that could be obtained in an arm’s length transaction and the extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction.

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UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock and warrants, which we refer to collectively as our securities. This discussion applies only to securities that are held as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes and is applicable only to holders who are receiving our securities in this offering.

This discussion is a summary only and does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances, including but not limited to the alternative minimum tax, the Medicare tax on certain investment income and the different consequences that may apply if you are subject to special rules that apply to certain types of investors (such as the effects of Section 451 of the Code), including but not limited to:

• financial institutions or financial services entities;

• broker-dealers;

• governments or agencies or instrumentalities thereof;

• regulated investment companies;

• real estate investment trusts;

• expatriates or former long-term residents of the U.S.;

• persons that actually or constructively own five percent or more of our voting shares;

• insurance companies;

• dealers or traders subject to a mark-to-market method of accounting with respect to the securities;

• persons holding the securities as part of a “straddle,” hedge, integrated transaction or similar transaction;

• persons that receive shares upon the exercise of employee stock options or otherwise as compensation;

• U.S. holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

• partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes and any beneficial owners of such entities; and

• tax-exempt entities.

This discussion is based on the Code, and administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations as of the date hereof, which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, and changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus may affect the tax consequences described herein. This discussion does not address any aspect of state, local or

non-U.S.

taxation, or any U.S. federal taxes other than income taxes (such as gift and estate taxes).

We have not sought, and will not seek, a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to any U.S. federal income tax consequence described herein. The IRS may disagree with the discussion herein, and its determination may be upheld by a court. Moreover, there can be no assurance that future legislation, regulations, administrative rulings or court decisions will not adversely affect the accuracy of the statements in this discussion. You are urged to consult your tax advisor with respect to the application of U.S. federal tax laws to your particular situation, as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction.

This discussion does not consider the tax treatment of partnerships or other pass-through entities or persons who hold our securities through such entities. If a partnership (or other entity or arrangement classified as a

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partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is the beneficial owner of our securities, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner or member in the partnership or other pass-through entity generally will depend on the status of the partner or member and the activities of the partnership or other pass-through entity. If you are a partner or member of a partnership or other pass-through entity holding our securities, we urge you to consult your own tax advisor.

THIS DISCUSSION IS ONLY A SUMMARY OF CERTAIN U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR SECURITIES. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR IN OUR SECURITIES IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO SUCH INVESTOR OF THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR SECURITIES, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF ANY U.S. FEDERAL

NON-INCOME,

STATE, LOCAL, AND

NON-U.S.

TAX LAWS.

U.S. Holders

This section applies to you if you are a “U.S. holder.” A U.S. holder is a beneficial owner of our shares of common stock or warrants who or that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

• an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.;

• a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation) organized in or under the laws of the U.S., any state thereof or the District of Columbia; or

• an estate the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or

• a trust, if (i) a court within the U.S. is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons (as defined in the Code) have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) it has a valid election in effect under Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

Taxation of Distributions

. If we pay distributions in cash or other property (other than certain distributions of our stock or rights to acquire our stock) to U.S. holders of shares of our common stock, such distributions generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits will constitute a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce (but not below zero) the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in our common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of the common stock and will be treated as described under “

U.S. Holders-Gain or Loss on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of common stock and Warrants

” below.

Dividends we pay to a U.S. holder that is a taxable corporation generally will qualify for the dividends received deduction if the requisite holding period is satisfied. With certain exceptions (including, but not limited to, dividends treated as investment income for purposes of investment interest deduction limitations), and provided certain holding period requirements are met, dividends we pay to a

non-corporate

U.S. holder may constitute “qualified dividends” that will be subject to tax at the maximum tax rate accorded to long-term capital gains. If the holding period requirements are not satisfied, then a corporation may not be able to qualify for the dividends received deduction and would have taxable income equal to the entire dividend amount, and

non-corporate

holders may be subject to tax on such dividend at regular ordinary income tax rates instead of the preferential rate that applies to qualified dividend income.

Gain or Loss on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of common stock and Warrants

. Upon a sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock or warrants, a U.S. holder generally will recognize capital

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gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the common stock or warrants. Any such capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. holder’s holding period for the common stock or warrants so disposed of exceeds one year. If the holding period requirements are not satisfied, any gain on a sale or taxable disposition of the shares or warrants would be subject to short-term capital gain treatment and would be taxed at regular ordinary income tax rates. Long-term capital gains recognized by

non-corporate

U.S. holders will be eligible to be taxed at reduced rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Generally, the amount of gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder is an amount equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the amount of cash and the fair market value of any property received in such disposition and (ii) the U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in its common stock or warrants so disposed of. A U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in its common stock or warrants generally will equal the U.S. holder’s acquisition cost for the common stock or warrant less, in the case of a share of common stock, any prior distributions treated as a return of capital. In the case of any shares of common stock or warrants originally acquired as part of an investment unit, the acquisition cost for the share of common stock and warrant that were part of such unit would equal an allocable portion of the acquisition cost of the unit based on the relative fair market values of the components of the unit at the time of acquisition.

Exercise or Lapse of a Warrant

. Except as discussed below with respect to the cashless exercise of a warrant, a U.S. holder generally will not recognize taxable gain or loss on the acquisition of our common stock upon exercise of a warrant for cash. The U.S. holder’s tax basis in the share of our common stock received upon exercise of the warrant generally will be an amount equal to the sum of the U.S. holder’s initial investment in the warrant and the exercise price. It is unclear whether the U.S. holder’s holding period for the common stock received upon exercise of the warrants will begin on the date following the date of exercise or on the date of exercise of the warrants; in either case, the holding period will not include the period during which the U.S. holder held the warrants. If a warrant is allowed to lapse unexercised, a U.S. holder generally will recognize a capital loss equal to such holder’s tax basis in the warrant.

The tax consequences of a cashless exercise of a warrant are not clear under current tax law. A cashless exercise may be

tax-free,

either because the exercise is not a realization event or because the exercise is treated as a recapitalization for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In either

tax-free

situation, a U.S. holder’s basis in the common stock received would equal the holder’s basis in the warrants exercised therefor. If the cashless exercise were treated as not being a realization event, it is unclear whether a U.S. holder’s holding period in the common stock would be treated as commencing on the date following the date of exercise or on the date of exercise of the warrant; in either case, the holding period would not include the period during which the U.S. holder held the warrants. If the cashless exercise were treated as a recapitalization, the holding period of the common stock would include the holding period of the warrants exercised therefor.

It is also possible that a cashless exercise could be treated in part as a taxable exchange in which gain or loss would be recognized. In such event, a U.S. holder could be deemed to have surrendered warrants equal to the number of shares of common stock having a value equal to the exercise price for the total number of warrants to be exercised. The U.S. holder would recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the fair market value of the common stock received in respect of the warrants deemed surrendered and the U.S. holder’s tax basis in the warrants deemed surrendered. In this case, a U.S. holder’s tax basis in the common stock received would equal the sum of the fair market value of the common stock received in respect of the warrants deemed surrendered and the U.S. holder’s tax basis in the warrants exercised. It is unclear whether a U.S. holder’s holding period for the common stock would commence on the date following the date of exercise or on the date of exercise of the warrant; in either case, the holding period would not include the period during which the U.S. holder held the warrant.

Due to the absence of authority on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a cashless exercise, including when a U.S. holder’s holding period would commence with respect to the common stock received, there can be no

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assurance which, if any, of the alternative tax consequences and holding periods described above would be adopted by the IRS or a court of law. Accordingly, U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of a cashless exercise.

Possible Constructive Distributions

. The terms of each warrant provide for an adjustment to the number of shares of common stock for which the warrant may be exercised or to the exercise price of the warrant in certain events, as discussed in the section of this prospectus entitled “Description of Securities-Warrants.” An adjustment which has the effect of preventing dilution generally is not taxable. The U.S. holders of the warrants would, however, be treated as receiving a constructive distribution from us if, for example, the adjustment to the number of such shares or to such exercise price increases the warrantholders’ proportionate interest in our assets or earnings and profits (e.g., through an increase in the number of shares of common stock that would be obtained upon exercise or through a decrease in the exercise price of the warrant) as a result of a distribution of cash or other property, such as other securities, to the holders of shares of our common stock, or as a result of the issuance of a stock dividend to holders of shares of our common stock, in each case which is taxable to the holders of such shares as a distribution. Such constructive distribution would be subject to tax as described under “-Taxation of Distributions” in the same manner as if the U.S. holders of the warrants received a cash distribution from us equal to the fair market value of such increased interest.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

. In general, information reporting requirements may apply to dividends paid to a U.S. holder and to the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of our shares of common stock and warrants, unless the U.S. holder is an exempt recipient. Backup withholding may apply to such payments if the U.S. holder fails to provide a taxpayer identification number, a certification of exempt status or has been notified by the IRS that it is subject to backup withholding (and such notification has not been withdrawn).

Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules generally should be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Non-U.S.

Holders

This section applies to you if you are a

“Non-U.S.

holder.” As used herein, the term

“Non-U.S.

holder” means a beneficial owner of our common stock or warrants who or that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

• a non-resident alien individual (other than certain former citizens and residents of the U.S. subject to U.S. tax as expatriates);

• a foreign corporation or

• an estate or trust that is not a U.S. holder;

but generally does not include an individual who is present in the U.S. for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition. If you are such an individual, you should consult your tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership or sale or other disposition of our securities.

Taxation of Distributions

. In general, any distributions we make to a

Non-U.S.

holder of shares of our common stock, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, provided such dividends are not effectively connected with the

Non-U.S.

holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the U.S., we will be required to withhold tax from the gross amount of the dividend at a rate of 30%, unless such

Non-U.S.

holder is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an applicable income tax treaty and provides proper certification of its eligibility for such reduced rate (usually on an IRS Form

W-8BEN

or

W-8BEN-E).

Any distribution not constituting a dividend will be treated first as reducing (but not below zero) the

Non-U.S.

holder’s adjusted tax basis in its shares of our common stock and, to the extent such distribution

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exceeds the

Non-U.S.

holder’s adjusted tax basis, as gain realized from the sale or other disposition of the common stock, which will be treated as described under “

Non-U.S.

Holders-Gain on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of common stock and Warrants

” below.

The withholding tax does not apply to dividends paid to a

Non-U.S.

holder who provides a Form

W-8ECI,

certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the

Non-U.S.

holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the U.S.. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the

Non-U.S.

holder were a U.S. holder, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise. A

non-U.S.

corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” imposed at a rate of 30% (or a lower treaty rate).

Exercise of a Warrant

. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a

Non-U.S.

holder’s exercise of a warrant, or the lapse of a warrant held by a

Non-U.S.

holder, generally will correspond to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the exercise or lapse of a warrant by a U.S. holder, as described under “U.S. holders-Exercise or Lapse of a Warrant” above, although to the extent a cashless exercise results in a taxable exchange, the consequences would be similar to those described below in “

Non-U.S.

Holders-Gain on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of common stock and Warrants

.”

Gain on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of common stock and Warrants

. A

Non-U.S.

holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of gain recognized on a sale, taxable exchange or other taxable disposition of our common stock, unless:

• the gain is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the Non-U.S. holder within the U.S. (and, under certain income tax treaties, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the Non-U.S. holder); or

• we are or have been a “U.S. real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of disposition or the period that the Non-U.S. holder held our common stock, and, in the case where shares of our common stock are regularly traded on an established securities market, the Non-U.S. holder has owned, directly or constructively, more than 5% of our common stock at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding the disposition or such Non-U.S. holder’s holding period for the shares of our common stock. There can be no assurance that our common stock will be treated as regularly traded on an established securities market for this purpose.

We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a U.S. real property holding corporation; however, there can be no assurance that we will not become a U.S. real property holding corporation in the future.

Unless an applicable treaty provides otherwise, gain described in the first bullet point above will be subject to tax at generally applicable U.S. federal income tax rates as if the

Non-U.S.

holder were a U.S. resident. Any gains described in the first bullet point above of a

Non-U.S.

holder that is a foreign corporation may also be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate (or lower treaty rate).

If the second bullet point above applies to a

Non-U.S.

holder, gain recognized by such holder on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock or warrants will be subject to tax at generally applicable U.S. federal income tax rates.

Possible Constructive Distributions

. The terms of each warrant provide for an adjustment to the number of shares of common stock for which the warrant may be exercised or to the exercise price of the warrant in certain events, as discussed in the section of this prospectus captioned “

Description of Securities-Warrants

.” An adjustment which has the effect of preventing dilution is generally not a taxable event. Nevertheless, a

Non-U.S.holder

of warrants would be treated as receiving a constructive distribution from us if, for example, the adjustment increases the holder’s proportionate interest in our assets or earnings and profits (e.g., through an increase in the

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number of shares of common stock that would be obtained upon exercise) as a result of a distribution of cash or other property, such as other securities, to the holders of shares of our common stock which is taxable to such holders as a distribution. Any constructive distribution received by a

Non-U.S.

holder would be subject to U.S. federal income tax (including any applicable withholding) in the same manner as if such

Non-U.S.

holder received a cash distribution from us equal to the fair market value of such increased interest without any corresponding receipt of cash. Any resulting withholding tax may be withheld from future cash distributions.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

. Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments of dividends and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our shares of common stock and warrants. A

Non-U.S.

holder may have to comply with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding requirements. The certification procedures required to claim a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid the backup withholding as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a

Non-U.S.

holder will be allowed as a credit against such holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

FATCA Withholding Taxes

. Provisions commonly referred to as “FATCA” impose withholding of 30% on payments of dividends (including constructive dividends) on our common stock to “foreign financial institutions” (which is broadly defined for this purpose and in general includes investment vehicles) and certain other

Non-U.S.

entities unless various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements (generally relating to ownership by U.S. persons of interests in or accounts with those entities) have been satisfied by, or an exemption applies to, the payee (typically certified as to by the delivery of a properly completed IRS Form

W-8BEN-E).

Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. governing FATCA may be subject to different rules. Under certain circumstances, a

Non-U.S.

holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such withholding taxes, and a

Non-U.S.

holder might be required to file a U.S. federal income tax return to claim such refunds or credits. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding the effects of FATCA on their investment in our securities.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the issuance by us of up to an aggregate of 9,999,970 shares of Class A common stock that are issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants and 5,333,333 shares of Class A common stock that are issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants. We are also registering the offer and sale, from time to time, by the Selling Securityholders of up to 189,026,565 shares of Class A common stock, par value per share and up to 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants. In December 2021, the Company completed the Redemption of all of its outstanding Warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that were issued under the Warrant Agreement. In connection with the Redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of the date of the Redemption. As of the date of this prospectus, all Warrants have been redeemed and no Warrants are outstanding.

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the securities by the Selling Securityholders.

The Selling Securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq listing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accountants.

The securities beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholders covered by this prospectus may be offered and sold from time to time by the Selling Securityholders. The term “Selling Securityholders” includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors in interest selling securities received after the date of this prospectus from a Selling Securityholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer. The Selling Securityholders will act independently of us in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner and size of each sale. Such sales may be made on one or more exchanges or in the

over-the-counter

market or otherwise, at prices and under terms then prevailing or at prices related to the then current market price or in negotiated transactions. Each Selling Securityholder reserves the right to accept and, together with its respective agents, to reject, any proposed purchase of securities to be made directly or through agents. The Selling Securityholders and any of their permitted transferees may sell their securities offered by this prospectus on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the securities are traded or in private transactions. If underwriters are used in the sale, such underwriters will acquire the shares for their own account. These sales may be at a fixed price or varying prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The securities may be offered to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the securities offered if any of the securities are purchased.

Subject to the limitations set forth in any applicable registration rights agreement, the Selling Securityholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling the securities offered by this prospectus:

• purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by such broker-dealer for its own account pursuant to this prospectus;

• ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers;

• block trades in which the broker-dealer so engaged will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

• an over-the-counter distribution in accordance with the rules of Nasdaq;

115

• through trading plans entered into by a Selling Securityholder pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that are in place at the time of an offering pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement hereto that provide for periodic sales of their securities on the basis of parameters described in such trading plans;

• through one or more underwritten offerings on a firm commitment or best efforts basis;

• settlement of short sales entered into after the date of this prospectus;

• agreements with broker-dealers to sell a specified number of the securities at a stipulated price per share or warrant;

• in “at the market” offerings, as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, at negotiated prices, at prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to such prevailing market prices, including sales made directly on a national securities exchange or sales made through a market maker other than on an exchange or other similar offerings through sales agents;

• directly to purchasers, including through a specific bidding, auction or other process or in privately negotiated transactions;

• through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

• through a combination of any of the above methods of sale; or

• any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

In addition, a Selling Securityholder that is an entity may elect to make a pro rata

in-kind

distribution of securities to its members, partners or stockholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part by delivering a prospectus with a plan of distribution. Such members, partners or stockholders would thereby receive freely tradeable securities pursuant to the distribution through a registration statement. To the extent a distributee is an affiliate of ours (or to the extent otherwise required by law), we may file a prospectus supplement in order to permit the distributees to use the prospectus to resell the securities acquired in the distribution.

There can be no assurance that the Selling Securityholders will sell all or any of the securities offered by this prospectus. In addition, the Selling Securityholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if available, or in other transactions exempt from registration, rather than under this prospectus. The Selling Securityholders have the sole and absolute discretion not to accept any purchase offer or make any sale of securities if they deem the purchase price to be unsatisfactory at any particular time.

The Selling Securityholders also may transfer the securities in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other

successors-in-interest

will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus. Upon being notified by a Selling Securityholder that a donee, pledgee, transferee, other

successor-in-interest

intends to sell our securities, we will, to the extent required, promptly file a supplement to this prospectus to name specifically such person as a selling securityholder.

With respect to a particular offering of the securities held by the Selling Securityholders, to the extent required, an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part, will be prepared and will set forth the following information:

• the specific securities to be offered and sold;

• the names of the selling securityholders;

• the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the proceeds to be received from the sale, if any, and other material terms of the offering;

116

• settlement of short sales entered into after the date of this prospectus;

• the names of any participating agents, broker-dealers or underwriters; and

• any applicable commissions, discounts, concessions and other items constituting compensation from the selling securityholders.

In connection with distributions of the securities or otherwise, the Selling Securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions. In connection with such transactions, broker-dealers or other financial institutions may engage in short sales of the securities in the course of hedging the positions they assume with Selling Securityholders. The Selling Securityholders may also sell the securities short and redeliver the securities to close out such short positions. The Selling Securityholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions which require the delivery tosuch broker-dealer or other financial institution of securities offered by this prospectus, which securities such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). The Selling Securityholders may also pledge securities to a broker-dealer or other financial institution, and, upon a default, such broker-dealer or other financial institution, may effect sales of the pledged securities pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

In order to facilitate the offering of the securities, any underwriters or agents, as the case may be, involved in the offering of such securities may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our securities. Specifically, the underwriters or agents, as the case may be, may overallot in connection with the offering, creating a short position in our securities for their own account. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of our securities, the underwriters or agents, as the case may be, may bid for, and purchase, such securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allotted to an underwriter or a broker-dealer for distributing such securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. The underwriters or agents, as the case may be, are not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time.

The Selling Securityholders may solicit offers to purchase the securities directly from, and it may sell such securities directly to, institutional investors or others. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. The terms of any of those sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if utilized, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in our securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the trading market for our securities. Our shares of Class A common stock are currently listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”.

The Selling Securityholders may authorize underwriters, broker-dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to purchase the securities at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth any commissions we or the Selling Securityholders pay for solicitation of these contracts.

A Selling Securityholder may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by any Selling Securityholder or borrowed from any Selling Securityholder or others to settle those sales

117

or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from any Selling Securityholder in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, any Selling Securityholder may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

In effecting sales, broker-dealers or agents engaged by the Selling Securityholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate. Broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions, discounts or concessions from the Selling Securityholders in amounts to be negotiated immediately prior to the sale.

In compliance with the guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the aggregate maximum discount, commission, fees or other items constituting underwriting compensation to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker-dealer will not exceed 8% of the gross proceeds of any offering pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement.

If at the time of any offering made under this prospectus a member of FINRA participating in the offering has a “conflict of interest” as defined in FINRA Rule 5121 (“Rule 5121”), that offering will be conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions of Rule 5121.

To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangements or understandings between the Selling Securityholders and any broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the securities by the Selling Securityholders. Upon our notification by a Selling Securityholder that any material arrangement has been entered into with an underwriter or broker-dealer for the sale of securities through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution, secondary distribution or a purchase by an underwriter or broker-dealer, we will file, if required by applicable law or regulation, a supplement to this prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act disclosing certain material information relating to such underwriter or broker-dealer and such offering.

Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may facilitate the marketing of an offering online directly or through one of their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms and a prospectus online and, depending upon the particular underwriter, broker-dealer or agent, place orders online or through their financial advisors.

In offering the securities covered by this prospectus, the Selling Securityholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who execute sales for the Selling Securityholders may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of those securities may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act.

The underwriters, broker-dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us or the Selling Securityholders, or perform services for us or the Selling Securityholders, in the ordinary course of business.

In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the securities must be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states the securities may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.

The Selling Securityholders and any other persons participating in the sale or distribution of the securities will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M. These provisions may restrict certain activities of, and limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the securities by, the Selling Securityholders or any other person, which limitations may affect the marketability of the shares of the securities.

118

We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Securityholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The Selling Securityholders may indemnify any agent, broker-dealer or underwriter that participates in transactions involving the sale of the securities against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

We have agreed to indemnify the Selling Securityholders against certain liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state law. Agents, broker-dealers and underwriters may be entitled to indemnification by us and the Selling Securityholders against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which the agents, broker-dealers or underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

119

LEGAL MATTERS

Cozen O’Connor P.C. will pass upon certain legal matters relating to the issuance and sale of the securities offered hereby on behalf of the Company.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Astra Space, Inc. included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so included in reliance upon the report of Grant Thornton LLP, independent registered public accountants, upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

CHANGES IN INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

On June 30, 2021, the Audit Committee approved the engagement of Grant Thornton LLP (“Grant Thornton”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. Grant Thornton served as independent registered public accounting firm of Legacy Astra prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, also on June 30, 2021, the Company dismissed WithumSmith+Brown (“Withum”), as Holicity’s independent registered public accounting firm. This decision was ratified by the Company’s board of directors.

The reports of Withum on Holicity’s financial statements as of and for the period from June 2, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainties, audit scope or accounting principles.

During Holicity’s most recent fiscal year ending December 31, 2020 and the subsequent interim period through March 31, 2021, there were no disagreements between Holicity and Withum on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial disclosure or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Holicity, would have caused it to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in its reports on Holicity’s financial statements for such years.

During Holicity’s most recent fiscal year ending December 31, 2020 and the subsequent interim period through March 31, 2021, there were no “reportable events” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended).

During the period from June 2, 2020 (inception) through December 31, 2020, and the subsequent interim period through the date of Withum’s dismissal, the Company did not consult with Grant Thornton regarding either (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed; or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the financial statements of the Company, and no written report or oral advice was provided that Grant Thornton concluded was an important factor considered by us in reaching a decision as to the accounting, auditing, or financial reporting issue; or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a “disagreement” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act) or a “reportable event” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act).

The Company has provided Withum with a copy of the foregoing disclosures and has requested that Withum furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether it agrees with the statements made by the Company set forth above. A copy of Withum’s letter dated June 30, 2021 is incorporated by reference as Exhibit 16.1 to this prospectus.

On March 18, 2022, the Audit Committee dismissed Grant Thornton as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. Grant Thornton was previously engaged to audit the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. The dismissal did not affect Grant Thornton’s engagement for the year ended December 31, 2021.

120

As described below, the change in independent registered public accounting firm is not the result of any disagreement with Grant Thornton. Grant Thornton had served as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm since the Business Combination, and it served as Legacy Astra’s independent registered public accounting firm since the fourth quarter of 2020 and performed audits of Legacy Astra’s financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020. Grant Thornton also audited Astra’s financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Grant Thornton’s audit reports on the financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 did not provide an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion to the Company’s financial statements, nor modify its opinion as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles, except that Grant Thornton’s audit reports for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020 included a statement of substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. No similar statement, with respect to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, was provided for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. Grant Thornton’s audit report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 included a paragraph regarding Astra changing its method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2021 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases, (Topic 842).

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no “disagreements” within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions between the Company and Grant Thornton on any matters of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosures or auditing scope or procedures which, if not resolved to Grant Thornton’s satisfaction, would have caused Grant Thornton to make reference thereto in its reports on the financial statements of the Company for such years.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no “reportable events” (as that term is defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K), other than the material weaknesses identified in the Company’s public reports for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

The Company provided Grant Thornton with a copy of the disclosure it is making herein in response to Item 304(a) of Regulation S-K and requested that Grant Thornton furnish the Company with a copy of their letter addressed to the SEC pursuant to Item 304(a)(3) of Regulation S-K, stating whether Grant Thornton agrees with the statements made by the Company in its Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 23, 2022 and this prospectus in response to Item 304(a) of Regulation S-K. A copy of Grant Thornton’s letter to the SEC dated March 23, 2022 is incorporated by reference as Exhibit 16.2 to this prospectus. A copy of Grant Thornton’s letter to the SEC dated May 5, 2022 is attached as Exhibit 16.3 to this prospectus.

On March 18, 2022, the Company’s Audit Committee approved the engagement of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) as the Company’s new independent registered public accounting firm for the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, subject to PwC’s completion of its client acceptance procedures.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 and through March 18, 2022, neither the Company, nor anyone on its behalf, consulted PwC regarding either (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction, either completed or proposed, or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the financial statements of the Company, and neither a written report nor oral advice was provided to the Company that PwC concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to any accounting, auditing or financial reporting issue; or (ii) any matter that was the subject of a “disagreement” (as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions) or a “reportable event” (as described in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K).

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We have also filed a registration statement on Form

S-1,

including exhibits, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the Class A common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus is part of the registration statement, but does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement or the exhibits. Our SEC filings are available to the public on the internet at a website maintained by the SEC located at http://www.sec.gov.

We also maintain an Internet website at https://www.astra.com. Through our website, we make available, free of charge, the following documents as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC: our Annual Reports on Form

10-K;

our proxy statements for our annual and special shareholder meetings; our Quarterly Reports on Form

10-Q;

our Current Reports on Form

8-K;

Forms 3, 4 and 5 and Schedules 13D; and amendments to those documents. The information contained on, or that may be accessed through, our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus.

If you would like additional copies of this prospectus, you should contact us by telephone or in writing:

Chris Kemp

Chief Executive Officer

1900 Skyhawk Street

Alameda, California 94501

(866)

278-7217

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

	Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 248)		F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets		F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations		F-5
Consolidated Statements of Temporary Equity and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)		F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		F-8
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		F-9

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

Astra Space, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Astra Space, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of operations, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Change in accounting principle

As discussed in Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2021 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update

No. 2016-02,

Leases, (Topic 842).

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical audit matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

F-2

Initial and subsequent fair value measurement of contingent consideration

As described further in Notes 3, 5 and 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company completed the acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc. (“Apollo”) on July 1, 2021. The total purchase consideration includes the fair value of contingent consideration. The fair value of the contingent consideration was $18.4 million and $13.7 million as of July 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The contingent consideration was originally valued at the acquisition date and is remeasured each reporting period with increases or decreases in the fair value recorded as an adjustment to operating loss. The Company’s forecasted future revenue formed the primary basis of the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration, which was valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model.

We identified the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration as a critical audit matter as there was a high degree of complex auditor judgment in evaluating the future forecasted revenue, which was the key assumption used to estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration. Forecasted future revenue involved a high degree of subjectivity due to Apollo’s limited historical operations. In addition, valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge were needed to assist in performing certain audit procedures.

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included:

• Testing management’s process for determining the fair value of the contingent consideration, which required us to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s forecasts of future revenue by evaluating the revenue assumptions used in the valuation of the contingent consideration by comparing them against appropriate audit evidence.

• Performing a lookback analysis by weighing the available corroborative evidence and contradictory evidence, in subsequent periods, to assess management’s ability to forecast.

• Involving our valuation specialists in assessing the reasonableness of the selected valuation methodology, testing management’s process by reperforming the Monte Carlo simulation and performing sensitivity analyses for certain revenue assumptions used in the model.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

Phoenix, Arizona

March 31, 2022

F-3

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

		As Of December 31,
		2021				2020
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	325,007			$	10,611
Trade accounts receivable			1,816				0
Inventories			7,675				649
Prepaid and other current assets			12,238				485
Total current assets			346,736				11,745
Non-current assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net			66,316				24,069
Right-of-use asset			9,079				0
Goodwill			58,251				0
Intangible assets, net			17,921				0
Other non-current assets			721				77
Total assets		$	499,024			$	35,891
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	9,122			$	2,474
Operating lease obligation, current portion			1,704				0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities			29,899				4,390
Long-term debt, current portion			0				41,132
Long-term debt, current portion due to related parties			0				10,503
Total current liabilities			40,725				58,499
Non-current liabilities:
Long-term debt			0				7,286
Operating lease obligation, net of current portion			7,180				0
Other non-current liabilities			14,599				1,685
Total liabilities			62,504				67,470
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)	0				0
TEMPORARY EQUITY
Series A convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; NaN authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021; 44,017,454 shares authorized, and 43,744,059 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020, net of issuance cost			0				15,922
Series B convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; NaN authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021; 47,406,862 shares authorized and 47,024,227 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2020, net of issuance costs			0				92,907
Total temporary equity			0				108,829
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Founders convertible preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 and 12,302,500 shares authorized as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively; NaN and 12,302,500 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively			0				1
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 400,000,000 and 176,225,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively; 207,451,107 and 15,679,758 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively			22				2
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value; 65,000,000 and 61,512,500 shares authorized as of December 31, 2021 and 2020; 55,539,189 and 47,281,500 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively			6				4
Additional paid in capital			1,844,875				50,282
Accumulated deficit			(1,408,383	)			(190,697	)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)			436,520				(140,408	)
Total liabilities, temporary equity and stockholders’ equity (deficit)		$	499,024			$	35,891

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-4

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

	For The Year Ended December 31,
	2021			2020			2019
Operating expenses:
Research and development	$	80,398		$	27,544		$	40,067
Sales and marketing		4,111			0			0
General and administrative		74,752			45,950			12,518
Total operating loss		(159,261	)		(73,494	)		(52,585	)
Interest expense, net		(1,169	)		(5,659	)		(870	)
Other income, net		36,046			10,860			276
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes		(131,908	)		0			0
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes attributable to related parties		(1,875	)		0			0
Loss before taxes		(258,167	)		(68,293	)		(53,179	)
Income tax benefit		(385	)		0			0
Net loss	$	(257,782	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(53,179	)
Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock		(1,011,726	)		0			0
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,269,508	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(53,179	)
Net loss per share:
Weighted average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding — basic and diluted		110,837,016			6,585,392			5,374,543
Net loss per share of Class A common stock — basic and diluted	$	(7.82	)	$	(1.23	)	$	(1.11	)
Weighted average number of shares of Class B common stock outstanding — basic and diluted		51,548,314			48,801,526			42,349,994
Net loss per share of Class B common stock — basic and diluted	$	(7.82	)	$	(1.23	)	$	(1.11	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF TEMPORARY EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(In thousands, except share data)

	Temporary Equity					Permanent Equity
	Convertible Preferred Stock					Common Stock					Class A Common Stock ( New Astra)				Class B Common Stock (New Astra)				Founders Preferred Stock					Additional Paid in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Equity (Deficit)
	Shares			Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2018 (as previously reported)		136,493,663		$	108,829		61,284,797		$	—		—	$	—		—	$	—		18,500,000		$	—	$	6,642		$	(69,225	)	$	(62,583	)
Retroactive application of recapitalization		(45,725,377	)		—		(20,530,407	)		6		—		—		—		—		(6,197,500	)		1		(7	)		—			—
Balance as of December 31, 2018, effect of reverse recapitalization (refer to Note 3)		90,768,286		$	108,829		40,754,390		$	6		—	$	—		—	$	—		12,302,500		$	1	$	6,635		$	(69,225	)	$	(62,583	)
Stock-based compensation		—			—		12,296,959			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		814			0			814
Issuance of common stock under equity plans		—			—		344,760			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		34			—			34
Net loss		—			—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		0			(53,179	)		(53,179	)
Balance as of December 31, 2019		90,768,286		$	108,829		53,396,109		$	6		—	$	—��		—	$	—		12,302,500		$	1	$	7,483		$	(122,404	)	$	(114,914	)
Stock-based compensation		—			—		6,645,845			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		32,202			0			32,202
Issuance of common stock under equity plans		—			—		2,919,304			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		878			—			878
Debt discount related to beneficial conversion feature of convertible notes		—			—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		9,239			—			9,239
Debt discount related to beneficial conversion feature of convertible notes attributable to related parties		—			—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		480			—			480
Net loss		—			—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—			(68,293	)		(68,293	)
Balance as of December 31, 2020		90,768,286		$	108,829		62,961,258		$	6		—	$	—		—	$	—		12,302,500		$	1	$	50,282		$	(190,697	)	$	(140,408	)
Cumulative effect adjustment due to adoption of ASU 2020-06		—			—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—			—		(9,719	)		691			(9,028	)

F-6

	Temporary Equity						Permanent Equity
	Convertible Preferred Stock						Common Stock						Class A Common Stock ( New Astra)				Class B Common Stock (New Astra)					Founders Preferred Stock						Additional Paid in Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Total Equity (Deficit)
	Shares			Amount			Shares			Amount			Shares		Amount		Shares			Amount		Shares			Amount
Stock-based compensation		—			—			—			—			—		—		—			—		—			—			31,923		—			31,923
Issuance of common stock under equity plans		—			—			2,310,888			—			1,853,638		1		—			—		—			—			1,969		—			1,970
Issuance of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs		28,498,141			221,943			—			—			—		—		—			—		—			—			—		—			—
Conversion of Founders Convertible Preferred Stock to Series C Convertible Preferred Stock		5,073,576			—			—			—			—		—		—			—		(5,073,576	)		—			8,156		—			8,156
Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock		—			—			—			—			—		—		—			—		—			—			960,595		(960,595	)		—
Merger recapitalization- Class A		(124,340,003	)		(330,772	)		(16,261,881	)		(2	)		140,601,884		14		—			—		—			—			330,751		—			330,763
Merger recapitalization- Class B		—			—			(49,010,265	)		(4	)		—		—		56,239,189			6		(7,228,924	)		(1	)		—		—			1
Private offering and merger financing, net of redemptions and equity issuance costs of $23,337		—			—			—			—			57,489,019		6		—			—		—			—			406,863		—			406,869
Issuance of Class A common stock upon the acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc.		—			—			—			—			2,558,744		—		—			—		—			—			33,008		—			33,008
Issuance of Class A common stock upon settlement of warrants		—			—			—			—			4,247,822		1		—			—		—			—			31,047		—			31,048
Conversion of Class B common stock into Class A common stock		—			—			—			—			700,000		—		(700,000	)		—		—			—			—		—			—
Net loss		—			—			—			—			—		—		—			—		—			—			—		(257,782	)		(257,782	)
Balance as of December 31, 2021		—		$	—			—		$	—			207,451,107	$	22		55,539,189		$	6		—		$	—		$	1,844,875	$	(1,408,383	)	$	436,520

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-7

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021			2020			2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(257,782	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(53,179	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash flows used in operating activities
Stock-based compensation		39,743			32,202			814
Depreciation		3,698			3,309			2,330
Amortization of intangible assets		1,629			0			0
Inventory net realizable value write downs		6,748			0			0
Non-cash lease expense		1,113			0			0
Deferred income taxes (benefit)		(385	)		0			0
Gain on change in fair value of public and private placement of warrants		(25,681	)		0			0
Gain on forgiveness of PPP note		(4,850	)		0			0
Gain on change in fair value of contingent consideration		(4,700	)		0			0
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes		131,908			0			0
Loss on extinguishment of convertible notes attributable to related parties		1,875			0			0
Amortization of convertible note discounts		315			3,805			409
Amortization of convertible note discounts attributable to related parties		55			659			327
(Gain) loss on mark to market derivatives		0			(6,639	)		209
(Gain) loss on mark to market derivatives attributable to related parties		0			(1,506	)		255
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable		(1,816	)		0			0
Inventories		(12,925	)		(649	)		0
Prepaid and other current assets		(10,958	)		280			(134	)
Other non-current assets		(570	)		279			110
Accounts payable		1,327			(26	)		1,440
Lease liabilities		(1,156	)		0			0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		18,835			3,741			(516	)
Other non-current liabilities		(779	)		(12	)		811
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(114,356	)	$	(32,850	)	$	(47,124	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of Apollo, net of cash acquired		(19,360	)		0			0
Acquisition of trademark		(3,350	)		0			0
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(38,349	)		(2,186	)		(15,254	)
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(61,059	)	$	(2,186	)	$	(15,254	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Settlement of public and private placement of warrants		(59	)		0			0
Proceeds from business combination and private offering, net of transaction costs of $23,337		463,648			0			0
Borrowings on Pendrell bridge loan		10,000			0			0
Repayment on Pendrell bridge loan		(10,000	)		0			0
Proceeds from issuance of Series C preferred stock		30,000			0			0
Issuance cost of Series C preferred stock		(94	)		0			0
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes		0			30,352			18,235
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes to related parties					648			10,600
Borrowings on term loans		0			0			3,000
Repayments on term loans		(2,800	)		(200	)		0
Borrowings on equipment advances		0			0			7,000
Repayments on equipment advances		(3,636	)		(1,400	)		(1,964	)
Borrowings on economic injury disaster loan		0			500			0
Repayments on economic injury disaster loan		0			(500	)		0
Borrowings on paycheck protection program loan		0			4,850			0
Proceeds from stock issued under equity plans		1,970			878			34
Proceeds from Employee Stock Purchase Plan		782			0			0
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	489,811		$	35,128		$	36,905
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	314,396		$	92		$	(25,473	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		10,611			10,519			35,992
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	325,007		$	10,611		$	10,519
Non-cash activities:
Conversion of Series A, Series B, Series C, and Founders’ convertible preferred into common stock	$	330,764		$	0		$	0
Assets acquired included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities		8,693			448			1,255
Public and private placement of warrants acquired as part of business combination		56,786			0			0
Conversion of public and private placement of warrants into Class A common stock		31,047			0			0
Change in redemption value of Convertible Preferred Stock		1,011,726			0			0
Issuance of Class A common stock upon acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc.		33,008			0			0
Fair value of contingent consideration provided upon acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc.		18,400			0			0
Kodiak Spaceport financing obligation		0			0			765
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	691		$	414		$	359

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

F-8

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 — Description of Business

Astra Space Operations, Inc. (formerly Astra Space, Inc., and herein “Astra Space Operations”) designs, tests, manufactures and operates next generation of launch services and space services and products that will enable a new generation of global communications, earth observation, precision weather monitoring, navigation, and surveillance capabilities. Astra Space Operations’ mission is to improve life on Earth through greater connectivity and more regular observation and to enable a wave of innovation in low Earth orbit by expanding our space platform offerings.

Holicity Inc. (“Holicity”) was originally incorporated in Delaware and was established as a special purpose acquisition company, which completed its initial public offering in August 2020. On June 30, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Holicity consummated a business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement dated as of February 2, 2021 (the “BCA”), by and among Holicity, Holicity Merger Sub Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity (“Merger Sub”), and Astra Space Operations

(“pre-combination

Astra”). Immediately upon the consummation of the Business Combination, Merger Sub merged with and into Astra Space Operations with Astra Space Operations surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity. Holicity changed its name to “Astra Space, Inc.”, and

pre-combination

Astra changed its name to “Astra Space Operations, Inc.”.

Unless the context otherwise requires, “we”, “us”, “our”, “Astra” and the “Company” refers to Astra Space, Inc., the combined company and its subsidiaries following the Business Combination. See Note 3 — Acquisitions for further discussion of the Business Combination. The Company’s Class A common stock is now listed on the Nasdaq under the symbol “ASTR”.

Note 2 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for financial reporting.

The consolidated financial statements, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our financial position, our results of operations, cash flows and stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the periods presented. The results are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for any future annual or interim period.

On July 1, 2021, we, through our wholly owned indirect subsidiary, merged with Apollo Fusion, Inc. (“Apollo”). The fair value of the consideration paid as of July 1, 2021, was $70.8 million, net of cash acquired (the “Apollo Merger”). The Apollo Merger was accounted for under FASB’s ASC Topic 805, Business Combination (“ASC 805”). Apollo designs, tests, manufactures and operates propulsion modules to enable satellites to orbit in space. The results of operations of Apollo are included in the consolidated financial statements commencing as of July 1, 2021, or the Apollo Acquisition Date. See Note 3 — Acquisitions for additional information.

On June 30, 2021, the Business Combination pursuant to the BCA, by and among Holicity, Merger Sub, and

pre-combination

Astra, is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization as

pre-combination

Astra was determined to be the accounting acquirer under ASC 805. The determination is primarily based on the evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:

• the equity holders of pre-combination Astra hold the majority of voting rights in the Company;

F-9

• the board of directors of pre-combination Astra represent a majority of the members of the board of directors of the Company;

• the senior management of pre-combination Astra became the senior management of the Company; and

• the operations of pre-combination Astra comprise the ongoing operations of the Company.

In connection with the Business Combination, outstanding common stock and preferred convertible stock of the

pre-combination

Astra was converted into common stock of the Company, par value of $0.0001 per share, representing a recapitalization, and the net assets of the Company were acquired and recorded at historical cost, with no goodwill or intangible assets recorded.

Pre-combination

Astra was deemed to be the predecessor and the consolidated assets and liabilities and results of operations prior to the Closing Date are those of

pre-combination

Astra. Reported shares and earnings per share available to common stockholders, prior to the Business Combination, have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the BCA. The number of shares of preferred stock was also retroactively restated based on the exchange ratio. See Note 3 — Acquisitions for additional information

Principles of Consolidation and Liquidity

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts for the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has historically funded its operations primarily by equity financings and convertible promissory notes prior to the Business Combination and subsequently funded its operations through cash proceeds obtained as part of the Business Combination and related private placement. As of December 31, 2021, the Company’s existing sources of liquidity included cash and cash equivalents of $325 million. The Company has a limited history of operations and has incurred negative cash flows from operating activities and loss from operations in the past as reflected in the accumulated deficit of $1,408.4 million as of December 31, 2021. The Company expects to continue to incur operating losses due to the investments it intends to make in its business, including the development of products. The Company has adequate cash balances that will be sufficient to fund operating and capital expenditure requirements through at least 12 months from the date of issuance of these financial statements.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. All of the Company’s assets are maintained in the United States. The Company has determined that it operates in one operating segment and one reportable segment, as the CODM reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources and evaluating financial performance.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to those risks common in the aerospace and technology industry and also those risks common to early stage companies including, but not limited to, the possibility of not being able to successfully develop or market its products or services, competition, dependence on key personnel and key external alliances, the successful protection of its proprietary technologies, compliance with government regulations, and the possibility of not being able to obtain additional financing when needed.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus

(“COVID-19”)

a global pandemic and recommended containment and mitigation measures worldwide. The

COVID-19

pandemic has disrupted everyday life and markets worldwide, leading to significant business and supply-chain disruption,

F-10

as well as broad-based changes in supply and demand. Many of the Company’s customers worldwide were impacted by

COVID-19

and temporarily closed their facilities which impacted the speed of research and development. Additionally, we implemented cost-cutting measures in response to the anticipated impact of the

COVID-19

pandemic in early 2020, including employee layoffs and temporary furloughs. Further, the Company’s fund raising was negatively impacted in the first half of 2020 as a result of a number of factors surrounding the

COVID-19

pandemic. Beginning in the first quarter of 2021, there has been a trend in many parts of the world of increasing availability and administration of vaccines against

COVID-19,

as well as an easing of restrictions on social, business, travel and government activities and functions. On the other hand, infection rates and regulations continue to fluctuate in various regions and there are ongoing global impacts resulting from the pandemic, including challenges and increases in costs for logistics and supply chains, such as increased intermittent supplier delays and a shortfall of semiconductor supply. Ultimately, we cannot predict the duration of the

COVID-19

pandemic. We will continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions to remain flexible and to optimize and evolve our business as appropriate and deploy our production, workforce and other resources accordingly.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company bases these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, inventory valuation, stock-based compensation, common stock, derivatives and warrants, useful lives of intangible assets and fixed assets, deferred tax assets, income tax uncertainties, contingent consideration and other contingencies.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all highly liquid investment securities with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consists of cash deposited with banks and a money market account. We determine the appropriate classification of our cash and cash equivalents at the time of purchase.

Trade Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recognized at the invoiced amount that represents an unconditional right to consideration under the contract with customers, less an allowance for any potential expected uncollectible amounts, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined by estimating the expected credit losses based on historical experience, current economic conditions and certain forward-looking information, among other factors. Uncollectible accounts are written off when deemed uncollectible. NaN allowances for expected credit losses were recorded as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 and 0 accounts were written off during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consists of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances in bank accounts with one bank. All cash accounts are located in the United States and insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Our accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers or invoice billed to customer that represent unconditional right to consideration located within the U.S. We mitigate collection risks from our customers by performing regular credit evaluations of our customers’ financial

F-11

conditions. The Company believes there is no exposure to any significant credit risks related to its cash and cash equivalents or accounts receivable and has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

Inventories

Inventories consist of materials expected to be used for customer-specific contracts. Costs include direct material, direct labor, applicable manufacturing and engineering overhead, and other direct costs. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value determined by the

first-in,

first-out

method. The Company assesses inventories quarterly for events or changes in circumstances indicating that the utility of our inventories have diminished through damage, deterioration, obsolescence, changes in price or other causes and records write-downs of inventories to research and development expense in the period for which they occur. A net realizable value write down is recorded, when actual costs exceed the estimated selling price less estimated selling costs.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is measured at cost less any impairment losses and represents those assets with estimated useful lives exceeding one year. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Costs for research and development equipment include amounts related to design, construction, launch and commissioning. Costs for production equipment include amounts related to construction and testing. Interest expense is capitalized on certain qualifying assets that take a substantial period of time to prepare for their intended use. Capitalized interest is not material for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

When the costs of certain components of an item of property, plant and equipment are significant in relation to the total cost of the item and the components have different useful lives, they are accounted for and depreciated separately.

Depreciation expense is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the related asset to its residual value.

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Asset Class	Estimated useful life
Leasehold improvements	Lesser of lease term or useful life
Research and development equipment	5 years
Production equipment	10 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 years
Computer and software	3 years

Business Combinations

We account for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting, which requires us to recognize separately from goodwill the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair values. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. Accounting for business combinations requires our management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially at the acquisition date including our estimates for intangible assets, contractual obligations assumed,

pre-acquisition

contingencies, and contingent consideration, where applicable. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we have made are

F-12

reasonable and appropriate, they are based, in part, on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired company and are inherently uncertain. Critical estimates in valuing certain acquired intangible assets under the income approach include growth in future expected cash flows from product sales, revenue growth rate, technology royalty rate, expected life of the technology acquired, customer retention rate and discount rates. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur that may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed annually on October 1 (or more frequently if impairment indicators arise) for impairment. To review for impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Our qualitative assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, whether performed annually or based on specific events or circumstances, considers various macroeconomic, industry-specific and company-specific factors. Those factors include: (i) severe adverse industry or economic trends; (ii) significant company-specific actions; (iii) current, historical or projected deterioration of our financial performance; or (iv) a sustained decrease in our market capitalization below our net book value. After assessing the totality of events and circumstances, if we determine that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, no further assessment is performed. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units is less than its carrying amount, we calculate the fair value of that reporting unit and compare the fair value to the reporting unit’s net book value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its net book value, there is no impairment. Otherwise, we record a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value up to the amount of the goodwill. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions.

Long-lived Assets

Purchased finite-lived intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is recognized over the useful life on a straight-line method. Purchased indefinite-lived intangible asset are capitalized at fair value and assessed for impairment thereafter. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment annually on October 1 or whenever factors or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including purchased intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include (i) significant under-performance relative to historical or projected future operating results, (ii) significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, and (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends. An impairment loss must be measured if the sum of the expected future cash flows (undiscounted and before interest) from the use and eventual disposition of the asset (or asset group) is less than the net book value of the asset (or asset group). The amount of the impairment loss will generally be measured as the difference between the net book value of the asset (or asset group) and the estimated fair value.

Leases

On January 1, 2021, the Company adopted ASU

2016-02,

Leases (Topic 842)

(“ASC 842”). Under the adoption of the new lease accounting standard, the Company elected practical expedients that allow entities to not reassess 1) initial direct costs, 2) lease classification for existing or expired leases and 3) lease definition for existing or expired contracts as of the effective date of January 1, 2021.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at contract inception by evaluating whether substitution rights exist and whether the Company obtains substantially all of the benefits and directs the use of the identified asset. When the Company determined a lease exists, the Company

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records a

right-of-use

asset (“ROU asset”) and corresponding lease liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets are recognized at the commencement date of the lease at the value of the lease liability, adjusted for any prepayments, lease incentives received, and initial direct costs incurred. Lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. As the discount rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable in most leases, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date of the lease in determining the present value of lease payments. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.

The Company does not record lease contracts with a lease term of 12 months or less on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fixed lease costs associated with these short-term contracts are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company does not record lease contracts acquired in a business combination with a remaining lease term of 12 months or less on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fixed lease costs associated with these short-term contracts are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company recognizes lease expense for operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, the Company recognizes amortization expense on the ROU asset and interest expense on the lease liability over the lease term.

The Company has lease agreements with

non-lease

components that relate to the lease components. The Company accounts for each lease component and any

non-lease

components associated with that lease component as a single lease component for all underlying asset classes. Accordingly, all costs associated with a contract that is or contains a lease are accounted for as lease costs.

Some leasing arrangements require variable payments that are dependent on usage, output, or may vary for other reasons, such as insurance and tax payments. These variable lease costs are recognized as incurred over the lease term.

The Company does not include significant restrictions or covenants in lease agreements, and residual value guarantees are generally not included within the Company’s leases. See Note 10 — Leases.

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts of cash, trade accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and certain other current liabilities approximate fair value because of their short-term maturities. The carrying amounts of the 2018 Term Loans and 2018 Equipment Advances (as defined in Note 7 — Long-Term Debt) approximate fair value as the interest rate varies with the Prime Rate.

According to ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy establishes three tiers, which prioritize the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

Level 1 — Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 — Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

F-14

Entities are permitted to choose to measure certain financial instruments and other items at fair value. The Company has not elected the fair value measurement option for any of the assets or liabilities that meet the criteria for this election.

Derivative Instruments

The Company recognizes all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at their respective fair values. The Company evaluates its debt and equity issuances to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives requiring separate recognition in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The result of this accounting treatment is that the fair value of the embedded derivative is revalued as of each reporting date and recorded as a liability, and the change in fair value during the reporting period is recorded in other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as assets/liabilities or as equity, is reassessed at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument assets and liabilities are classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as current or

non-current

based on whether or not

net-cash

settlement of the derivative instrument is expected within twelve months of the Consolidated Balance Sheets dates. When a derivative instrument is sold, terminated, exercised or expires, the gain or loss is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company did not have a derivative liability related to the share settlement obligation of the Company’s convertible notes as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. See Note 7 — Long-Term Debt.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are recognized when events or circumstances have occurred, and amounts are probable and estimable. The Company’s accrued expenses and other current liabilities balances relate to accruals that are recurring in nature to the company’s operations and primarily include accrual of routine operational related expenses, accrued payroll, other employee related liabilities, accrued interest related to debt, contract liabilities and other accrued liabilities. The Company also recognizes legal accruals in accrued expenses and other current liabilities for material litigation when payments are probable and estimable in accordance with ASC 450, Contingencies.

Warrant Liabilities

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s common stock, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional

paid-in

capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and at each reporting period thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a

non-cash

gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company redeemed all outstanding private and public warrants as of December 27, 2021.

F-15

Convertible Preferred Stock

Series A, B and C convertible preferred stock (“Convertible Preferred Stock”) are classified in temporary equity as they contain terms that could require the Company to redeem them for cash at the option of the holder or the occurrence of other events not solely within the Company’s control. The shares of Series A, B and C Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into Class A common stock upon consummation of the Business Combination.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)

No. 2014-09,

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

(

Topic 606

) (“ASU

2014-09”).

ASU

2014-09,

combined with all subsequent amendments, which is collectively Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (“ASC 606”), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, provides guidance outlining a single five-step comprehensive revenue model in accounting for revenue from contracts with customers which supersedes all existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. ASC 606 also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to fulfill a contract. The Company adopted the new accounting guidance and related amendments (collectively, the “new revenue accounting standard”) on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective method. As the Company did not have any revenue from contracts with any customers prior to the Company’s adoption date, there was no accounting impact upon adoption.

Under ASC 606, the Company will recognize revenue to reflect the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Through its current and anticipated offerings, the Company expects to generate revenue by providing the following services:

Launch Services

— To provide rapid, global, and affordable launch services to satellite operators and governments in partnership with third-party spaceport providers globally. Our launch services includes services tied directly to our launch along with complementary services that are not part of our fixed pricing for which we charge a separate fee. We currently operate our launches from Pacific Spaceport Complex in Kodiak, Alaska and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Cape Canaveral, Florida. We plan to add additional launch sites in diverse locations based on our customers’ inclination requirements and as we increase the frequency of launches.

Space Products

— To design and provide space products based on the customers’ needs for a successful satellite launch and other products that we may sell in the future. Currently we offer two

in-space

electric propulsion systems.

Space Services

— To invest in building our portfolio of space services, which includes communication service and constellation services, which will be based on our network of spacecraft that customers can access for use in their business. Specifically, our space services encompass all aspects of hosted satellite and constellation services, including hosting customer payloads onto our spacecraft, and delivering services, such as communication and other services, to customers from our space platform.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company has only entered into contracts for launch services and space products. As of December 31, 2021, the Company is in early stages of developing our space services offerings which includes communication service and constellation services. The Company’s contracts may provide customers with termination for convenience clauses, which may or may not include termination penalties. In some contracts, the size of the contractual termination penalty increases closer to the scheduled launch date. At each balance sheet date, the Company evaluates each contract’s termination provisions and the impact on the accounting contract term, i.e., the period in which the Company has enforceable rights and obligations. This includes evaluating whether there are termination penalties and if so, whether they are considered substantive.

F-16

The Company applies judgment in determining whether the termination penalties are substantive. NaN revenue has been recognized for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenue for launch services and space products is expected to be recognized at a point in time when the Company has delivered the promised services or products to customers. Although the Company’s contracts are anticipated to last anywhere from six to 24 months, depending on the number of launch services or units of products ordered, the delivery of services leading up to the launch within the contracts is short-term in nature, generally between 30 to 60 days. The timing of revenue recognition may differ from contract billing or payment schedules, resulting in revenues that have been earned but not billed (“unbilled revenue”) or amounts that have been collected, but not earned (“contract liabilities”).

Typical Contractual Arrangements

The Company expects to provide its services based upon a combination of a Statement of Work (“SOW”) and an executed contract detailing the general terms and conditions. Services are expected to be provided based on a fixed price per launch service or units of space products as identified in the contract.

Performance Obligations and Transaction Price

At contract inception, an assessment of the goods and services promised in the contracts with customers is performed and a performance obligation is identified for each distinct promise to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services). To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. A contract for launch services generally requires the Company to provide an integrated service for each launch, which includes launch vehicle analysis and design, development and production, payload integration, launch preparation and launch support execution. The intention of the contract is to provide a full-service launch to the customer rather than providing separate deliverables of each of the services outlined above, and these services are interdependent and interrelated. The Company believes that each dedicated launch will represent one single performance obligation. A contract for space products generally requires the Company to provide integrated propulsion systems, which includes analysis and design, development and production. The intention of the contract is to provide a fully functional propulsion system to the customer and all the activities are interdependent and interrelated. The Company believes that the delivery of the propulsion system will represent one single performance obligation.

The transaction price is defined as the amount of consideration in a contract to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, which is a fixed price stated in the contract.

When a contract involves multiple launches or units, the Company will account for each launch or unit as a separate performance obligation, because the customer can benefit from each launch or unit on its own or with other readily available resources and the launch or unit is separately identifiable. The transaction price will be allocated to each performance obligation on an estimated relative standalone selling price basis. The Company’s process to estimate standalone selling prices will involve management’s judgment and will consider multiple factors such as prices charged for similar goods and services and the Company’s ongoing pricing strategy and policies.

Recognition of Revenue

The work performed by the Company in fulfilling the performance obligation is not expected to create an asset to the customer since the launch vehicle that is built to deliver the customer’s payload into orbit will not be owned by the customer or the propulsion systems that are built to thrust the customers’ satellite into orbit will not be owned by the customer until its delivered to the customer. The Company expects to recognize revenue upon completion of the performance obligations under its launch services and space products agreements. Contracts related to research and development activities are recognized as other income. See

Other Income, net

.

F-17

Other Policies, Judgments and Practical Expedients

Contract balances.

Contract assets and liabilities represent the differences in the timing of revenue recognition from the receipt of cash from the Company’s customers and billings. Contract assets reflect revenue recognized and performance obligations satisfied in advance of customer billing. Contract liabilities relate to payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance under the contract. Receivables represent rights to consideration that are unconditional. Such rights are considered unconditional if only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. The Company had 0 contract assets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company had contract liabilities of $10.4 million as of December 31, 2021 and NaN as of December 31, 2020. Payment terms are expected to vary by customer and type of revenue contract.

Remaining performance obligations

. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied. It includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods and does not include contracts where the customer is not committed. Customers are not considered committed when they are able to terminate their contractual obligations to us without payment of a substantive penalty under the contract. Many of the Company’s contracts allow the customer to terminate the contract prior to launch or delivery without a substantive penalty, and therefore the enforceable contract is for a period less than the stated contractual term. Further, the Company has elected not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The Company had unsatisfied performance obligations of $19.6 million as of December 31, 2021, which are expected to be recognized in 2022 and the first half of 2023. The Company had 0 unsatisfied performance obligations as of December 31, 2020.

Costs to obtain a contract.

The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. These costs will be ascribed to or allocated to the underlying performance obligations in the contract and amortized consistent with the recognition timing of the revenue for the underlying performance obligations. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company did 0t recognize any expenses related to contract costs. The Company had 0 assets related to costs to obtain contracts as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.

For contract costs related to performance obligations with an amortization period of one year or less, the Company applies the practical expedient to expense these sales commissions when incurred. These costs are recognized as incurred within sales and marketing expenses on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Significant financing component.

In certain arrangements, the Company may receive payment from a customer either before or after the performance obligation has been satisfied. Depending on the expected timing difference between the payment and satisfaction of performance obligations, the Company will assess whether a significant financing component exists.

For the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company has not recognized any revenues with respect to the Company’s launch services business of delivering payloads into

low-earth

orbit or space products. Contracts with governmental entities involving research and development milestone activities do not represent contracts with customers under ASC 606 and as such, amounts received are recorded in other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company recorded $1.5 million, $ 2.7 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Other Income, net

Other income, net, primarily consists of changes in fair value of mark to market derivative liabilities of convertible notes, public and private placement of warrants and contingent consideration, funding received from governmental entities, and

one-time

charges incurred during the period. The remaining balance is

non-recurring

F-18

charges that are outside of the Company’s operations. The Company recognizes all derivative instruments, warrant liabilities and contingent consideration in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at their respective fair value at each reporting date, with measurement adjustments recorded in other income, net within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 5 — Supplemental Financial Information.

Loss on Extinguishment of Convertible Notes

The Company recognized a total loss on extinguishment of convertible notes of $133.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. No loss was recognized for the extinguishment of convertible notes for the year ended December 30, 2020 and 2019. On January 28, 2021, the Company settled all convertible notes outstanding as of December 31, 2020 through its Series C financing. Given that certain convertible notes were settled based on negotiated terms between the Company and the note holders, the Company concluded that such settlement should be treated as a privately negotiated debt settlement transaction where debt extinguishment accounting should be applied. Therefore, the Company recognized the loss on extinguishment of convertible notes, which represents the difference between the net carrying amount of the convertible notes at the time of extinguishment and the fair value of Series C convertible preferred stock issued to settle these convertible notes. See Note 7 — Long-Term Debt.

Research and Development

The Company incurs various direct costs in relation to the research and development of launch vehicles along with costs to build the facility to test such vehicles and spacecraft. Research and development costs consist primarily of production supplies, testing materials, personnel costs (including salaries and benefits), depreciation expense, overhead allocation (consisting of various support and facility costs), stock-based compensation and consulting fees. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company expensed research and development costs of $80.4 million, $27.5 million and $40.1 million, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for time-based restricted stock units (“RSUs”) over the requisite service period based on the fair value of RSUs on the date of grant. The fair value of RSUs is the closing market price of Astra common stock on the date of grant. We recognize compensation expense for time-based stock options and employee stock purchase plan, based on the estimated grant-date fair value determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model over the requisite service period.

Certain stock options include service, market and performance conditions (“performance-based stock options” or “PSO”). The fair value of performance-based stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Monte Carlo simulation model. Certain RSUs also include service and performance conditions (“performance-based units” or “PSU”). The fair value of performance-based units is the closing market price of Astra common stock on the date of grant. Awards that include performance conditions are assessed at the end of each reporting period whether those performance conditions are met or probable of being met and involves significant judgement. For performance-based stock options, stock-based compensation expense associated with each tranche is recognized over the longer of (i) the expected achievement period for the operational milestone for such tranche and (ii) the expected achievement period for the related share price milestone determined on the grant date, beginning at the point in time when the relevant operational milestone is considered probable of being achieved. If such operational milestone becomes probable any time after the grant date, we will recognize a cumulative

catch-up

expense from the grant date to that point in time. If the related share price milestone is achieved earlier than its expected achievement period and the achievement of the related operational milestone, then the stock-based compensation expense will be recognized over the expected achievement period for the operational milestone, which may accelerate the rate at which such expense is recognized. For performance-based units, stock-based compensation expense associated with each tranche is recognized over the longer of the expected performance

F-19

achievement period of individual performance milestones and the implicit service period when the achievement of each individual performance milestone becomes probable.

The Company does not apply an expected forfeiture rate and accounts for forfeitures as they occur. See Note 15 — Stock-based Compensation.

Income Taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between consolidated financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company determines whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination. If it is not more likely than not that a position will be sustained, no amount of benefit attributable to the position is recognized. The tax benefit to be recognized of any tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is calculated as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon resolution of the contingency.

It is the Company’s policy to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. See Note 9 — Income Taxes.

Earnings (Loss) per Share

Net loss per share is calculated using the

two-class

method required for participating securities and multiple classes of common stock. The Company considers convertible preferred stock to be participating securities as the holders have the right to participate in dividends with the common stockholders on a

pro-rata,

as converted basis. Prior to any dividends or earnings distribution to common stock, the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock have a right to preferential dividends. Thus, losses are allocated to common stock and convertible preferred stock on a

pro-rata,

as converted basis following distribution of the preferential dividends to convertible preferred stockholders. Since application of the

if-converted

method results in anti-dilution, the

two-class

method is not applied to convertible preferred stock in the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation. The dilutive effect of warrants, RSUs and stock options is computed using the treasury stock method. Diluted earnings (loss) per share excludes all dilutive potential shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. See Note 16 — Loss per Share.

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company accrues for claims and litigation when they are both probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Where timing and amounts cannot be reasonably determined, a range is estimated, and the lower end of the range is recorded. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. See Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies.

Note 3 — Acquisitions

Acquisition of Apollo Fusion, Inc.

On the Apollo Acquisition Date, we, through our wholly owned indirect subsidiary, merged with Apollo. The results of Apollo’s operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since that date. Apollo designs, tests, manufactures and operates propulsion modules to enable satellites to orbit in space.

F-20

The acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred totaled $70.8 million, net of cash acquired, which consisted of the following:

Purchase Consideration (in thousands)	As Reported September 30, 2021		Measurement Period Adjustment			As Adjusted Value
Cash paid for outstanding Apollo common stock and options	$	19,926	$	—		$	19,926
Fair value of Astra Class A common stock issued		33,008		—			33,008
Fair value of contingent consideration		23,000		(4,600	)		18,400
Total purchase consideration		75,934		(4,600	)		71,334
Less: cash acquired		566		—			566
Total purchase consideration, net of cash acquired	$	75,368	$	(4,600	)	$	70,768

The fair value of the shares of Class A common stock issued in the Apollo Merger was determined based on the closing market price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the Apollo Acquisition Date.

The vesting of all unvested stock options of Apollo granted prior to the Apollo Acquisition Date were accelerated prior to the acquisition and were then cancelled in exchange for a right of each option-holder to cash, equity and contingent consideration based on their

pro-rata

percentage, assuming all stock options of Apollo had been exercised.

The contingent consideration requires the Company to pay $75.0 million of additional consideration to Apollo’s former shareholders and option-holders, if Apollo meets certain customer revenue related milestones over a two and half year period ending on December 31, 2023. The contingent consideration is earned, which is a combination of total contract value and relevant payout ratio, if the contract with customer is entered into after the acquisition date and 25% of revenue under the contract is recognized by December 31, 2023 under ASC 606. Contingent consideration is payable on a quarterly basis based on the milestones achieved. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement at the acquisition date was $18.4 million. We estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation model. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. As of December 31, 2021, the contingent consideration recognized as a result of the acquisition of Apollo decreased to $13.7 million as a result of changes in forecasted revenues subject to milestone payments and the passage of time.

An additional $10.0 million of cash (“Cash Earnout”) will be paid to employees of Apollo that joined Astra, subject to certain performance-based milestones, as amended. The Cash Earnout is accounted for as compensation expense over the requisite service period in the post-acquisition period as the payment is subject to the employees continued employment with the Company and is payable after the achievement of each performance-based milestones. The Company assessed the probability of success of each performance-based milestone and determined that the Company has achieved certain performance-based milestones and it is probable that certain remaining performance-based milestones will be met. The Company recognized $5.8 million in compensation cost which was included in research and development expense in its Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company also recorded $3.9 million within accrued expenses and other current liabilities in its Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021.

In addition, the Company awarded 1,047,115 PSUs to employees of Apollo that joined Astra, subject to certain performance-based milestones, as amended, and other vesting provisions. The PSUs are accounted for as compensation expense over the requisite service period in the post-acquisition period as the vesting of PSUs is subject to time-based and performance-based vesting conditions. See Note 15 — Stock-based Compensation for additional information.

F-21

We allocated the fair value of the purchase consideration to the tangible assets, liabilities and intangible assets acquired, based on their estimated fair values. The excess purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill. Our valuation assumptions of acquired assets and assumed liabilities require significant estimates, especially with respect to intangible assets. The purchase consideration allocation set forth herein is preliminary and may be revised as additional information becomes available during the measurement period which could be up to 12 months from the closing date of the acquisition. Any such revisions or changes may be material. Our preliminary allocation of the purchase price of Apollo, based on the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date, is presented in the following table.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company continued finalizing its valuations of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of Apollo based on new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded measurement period adjustments, reducing its acquisition date goodwill by approximately $3.0 million primarily to decrease the fair value of contingent consideration by $4.6 million and intangible assets by $1.7 million based on the alignment of Apollo’s accounting policies related to revenue recognition under the contract with customers which impacted the revenues forecasted for the valuation of contingent consideration and intangible assets acquired. In addition, the change to the preliminary amount of intangible assets resulted in a decrease in amortization expense and accumulated amortization of $0.2 million, of which $0.1 million relates to a previous reporting period.

(in thousands)	As Reported September 30, 2021			Adoption of ASU 2021-08			Measurement Period Adjustment			As Adjusted Estimated Values
Inventory	$	131		$	—		$	—		$	131
Prepaid and other current assets		796			0			0			796
Property, plant and equipment		996			0			0			996
Right of use assets		163			0			0			163
Goodwill		58,893			2,308			(2,950	)		58,251
Intangible assets		17,000			0			(1,650	)		15,350
Other non-current assets		75			0			0			75
Total assets acquired		78,054			2,308			(4,600	)		75,762
Accounts payable		(950	)		0			0			(950	)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(836	)		(1,103	)		0			(1,939	)
Operating lease obligation		(163	)		0			0			(163	)
Other non-current liabilities		(737	)		(1,205	)		0			(1,942	)
Total liabilities assumed		(2,686	)		(2,308	)		0			(4,994	)
Fair value of net assets acquired	$	75,368		$	0		$	(4,600	)	$	70,768

Goodwill is primarily attributable to the assembled workforce and anticipated synergies expected from the integration of the Apollo business. The synergies include operating efficiencies, and other strategic benefits projected to be achieved as a result of the Apollo Merger. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

There were 0 revenues recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021 related to Apollo. It was impracticable to determine the effect on net income attributable to Apollo as we had integrated a substantial portion of Apollo into our ongoing operations during the year. Transaction costs related to the Apollo Merger of $4.0 million were included in general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

F-22

Intangible Assets

	Fair Value		Weighted-Average Amortization Periods
	(in thousands)		(in years)
Developed technology	$	12,100		6
Customer contracts and related relationships		2,900		3
Order backlog		200		1
Tradename		150		2
Total identified intangible assets	$	15,350

Developed technology relates to propulsion modules. We valued the developed technology using the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach. This method is based on the application of a royalty rate to forecasted revenue that are expected to be generated by developed technology. The economic useful life was determined based on the technology cycle related to the developed technology, as well as the cash flows over the forecast period.

Customer contracts and related relationships represent the fair value of future projected revenue that will be derived from sales of products to existing customers of Apollo. Customer contracts and related relationships were valued using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach. This method reflects the present value of the projected cash flows that are expected to be generated by the customer contracts and related relationships less charges representing the contribution of other assets to those cash flows. The economic useful life was determined based on historical customer turnover rates.

Order backlog represents business under existing contractual obligations. The fair value of backlog was determined using the multi-period excess earnings method under the income approach based on expected operating cash flows from future contractual revenue. The economic useful life was determined based on the expected life of the backlog and the cash flows over the forecast period.

Trade name relates to the “Apollo” trade name. The fair value was determined by applying the relief-from-royalty method under the income approach. This method is based on the application of a royalty rate to forecasted revenue under the trade name. The economic useful life was determined based on the expected life of the trade name and the cash flows anticipated over the forecast period.

We believe the amounts of purchased intangible assets recorded above represent the fair values of, and approximate the amounts a market participant would pay for, these intangible assets as of the Apollo Acquisition Date.

Unaudited Pro Forma Information

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents combined results of operations for each of the periods presented, as if Apollo had been acquired as of the beginning of fiscal year 2020. The unaudited pro forma results include certain pro forma adjustments to revenue and net loss that were directly attributable to the acquisition including transaction costs and amortization of intangible assets. Transactions costs of approximately $4.4 million are assumed to have occurred on January 1, 2020 and are recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations as if incurred in the year ended December 31, 2021. Of these transaction costs, $0.4 million were incurred by Apollo and $4.0 million were incurred by the Company. Intangible assets are assumed to be recognized at their assigned fair values as of the pro forma close date of January 1, 2020 and are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The amortization expenses were $3.1 million and $3.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The unaudited pro forma information presented below is for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of our consolidated results of operations of the​​​​​​​

F-23

combined business had the acquisition actually occurred at the beginning of fiscal year 2020 or of the results of our future operations of the combined business.

	For The Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2021			2020
Pro forma net revenue	$	400		$	322
Pro forma net loss and net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(255,268	)	$	(86,655	)

Reverse Recapitalization

On June 30, 2021,

pre-combination

Astra Space, Inc. and Holicity Inc. consummated the Business Combination contemplated by the BCA, with

pre-combination

Astra surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holicity. Upon consummation of the Business Combination, Holicity changed its name to Astra Space, Inc., and

pre-combination

Astra changed its name to Astra Space Operations, Inc.

Immediately following the Business Combination, there were 198,090,903 shares of Class A common stock and 56,239,189 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding with a par value of $0.0001. Additionally, there were outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 5,993,412 shares of Class A common stock and outstanding warrants to purchase 15,813,829 shares of Class A common stock.

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP as

pre-combination

Astra has been determined to be the accounting acquirer. Under this method of accounting, while Holicity was the legal acquirer, it has been treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the Business Combination was treated as the equivalent of

pre-combination

Astra issuing stock for the net assets of Holicity, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Holicity were stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are those of

pre-combination

Astra. Reported shares and earnings per share available to holders of the Company’s common stock, prior to the Business Combination, have been retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the BCA (approximately one

pre-combination

Astra share to 0.665 of the Company’s shares).

The most significant change in the post-combination Company’s reported financial position and results was an increase in cash, net of transactions costs, of $463.6 million, including $200.0 million in gross proceeds from the private placements (the “PIPE”). In connection with the Business Combination, $25.2 million of transaction costs were paid on the Closing Date. Additionally, on the Closing Date, the Company repaid the short-term promissory notes with Pendrell (the “Bridge Loan”) of $10.4 million, which included principal of $10.0 million and end of term fee of $0.4 million. The Company also repaid the outstanding principal and interest of $4.6 million for the term loan and equipment advances with Silicon Valley Bank. Refer to Note 7 – Long-term Debt.

The Company incurred $25.5 million in transaction costs relating to the merger with Holicity, of which $23.3 million has been recorded against additional

paid-in

capital in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the remaining amount of $2.2 million was recognized as general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. On the Closing Date of the Business Combination, the Company recorded a liability related to the public and private placement warrants of $56.8 million, with an offsetting entry to additional

paid-in

capital. In relation to the public and private placement warrants, the Company recognized a portion of

pre-combination

Astra’s capitalizable transaction costs relating to the merger with Holicity, using the relative fair value method, as general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Upon closing of the Business Combination, the shareholders of Holicity, including Holicity founders, were issued 37,489,019 shares of Class A common stock. In connection with the Closing, holders of 10,981 shares of common stock of Holicity were redeemed at a price per share of $10.00. In connection with the Closing 20,000,000 shares were issued to PIPE investors at a price per share of $10.00.

F-24

The number of shares of Class A common stock issued immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination were:

Common stock of Holicity	29,989,019
Holicity founder shares	7,500,000
Shares issued in PIPE	20,000,000
Business Combination and PIPE shares	57,489,019
Pre-combination Astra shares	140,601,884
Total shares of Class A common stock immediately after Business Combination	198,090,903

In addition, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, 56,239,189 shares of Class B common stock were issued to two executive officers and founders of the Company: Chris Kemp and Adam London in exchange for an aggregate 73,699,647 shares of common stock and an aggregate 10,870,562 shares of Founders Preferred Stock of

pre-combination

Astra.

Note 4 — Recently Issued and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2020-04,

Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This temporary guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying US GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. ASU

2020-04

is effective from March 12, 2020 and may be applied prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU

2016-02,

Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU

2016-02”),

and since that date has issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance intended to clarify certain aspects of the guidance and to provide certain practical expedients entities can elect upon adoption. The principle of ASU

2016-02

is that a lessee should recognize assets and liabilities that arise from leases. Lessees will need to recognize a

right-of-use

asset and a lease liability for all leases (other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease). The lease liability will be equal to the present value of lease payments. The

right-of-use

asset will be based on the liability, with differences related to deferred rent and initial direct costs, etc. For income statement purposes, ASU

2016-02

requires leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in a straight-line expense pattern while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. ASU

2016-02

is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2022. As of January 1, 2021, the Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective approach and as a result will not restate prior periods. The cumulative effect of the changes made to the January 1, 2021 Consolidated Balance Sheet for the adoption of ASU

2016-02

was the addition of a

right-of-use

asset of $4.6 million and a lease liability of $4.7 million. See Note 10 — Leases.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2016-13,

Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU

2016-13”),

which requires measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost, including trade receivables. ASU

2016-13

replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with an expected loss model that requires the forward-looking information to calculate credit loss estimates. It also eliminates the concept of other-than-temporary impairment and requires credit losses related to

available-for-sale

debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. These changes will result in more timely recognition of credit losses. The Company adopted ASU

2016-13

using the modified retrospective method on January 1, 2021. The adoption of ASU

2016-13

did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, operating results or cash flows.

F-25

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2019-12,

Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU

2019-12”),

which simplifies the accounting for income taxes. The standard is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2020, The Company adopted ASU

2019-12

on January 1, 2021. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU

2020-06,

Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic

470-20)

and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic

815-40):

Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU

2020-06”),

which simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing the separation models for (1) convertible instruments with a cash conversion feature and (2) convertible instruments with a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). As a result, a convertible debt instrument can be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost under certain circumstances. These changes may reduce reported interest expense and increase reported net income for entities that have issued a convertible instrument where the embedded conversion option was separated according to beneficial conversion or cash conversion guidance. ASU

2020-06

also requires the application of the

if-converted

method for calculating diluted earnings per share for convertible instruments and the treasury stock method will be no longer available. The Company adopted ASU

2020-06

as of January 1, 2021 using a modified retrospective transition method. In transition, the Company was required to apply the guidance to all impacted financial instruments that were outstanding as of January 1, 2021 with the cumulative effect recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit. As a result of adopting ASU

2020-06,

the Company made certain adjustments to its accounting for certain outstanding convertible notes issued in 2020 with separately recognized BCFs. The adoption of ASU

2020-06

resulted in the

re-combination

of the liability and equity components of these convertible notes into a single liability instrument, which required the Company to record a $9.7 million decrease in additional paid in capital from the derecognition of the BCFs, a $9.0 million increase in debt from the derecognition of the discount associated with the BCFs, and a $0.7 million cumulative effect, net of tax effects, decrease to the opening balance of its accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2021 upon transition. Since the Company had a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2021, the convertible notes were determined to be anti-dilutive and therefore had no impact to basic or diluted net loss per share for the period as a result of adopting ASU

2020-06.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2021-08,

Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU

2021-08”),

which improves the accounting for acquired revenue contracts with customers in a business combination by addressing inconsistency in practice related to (1) the recognition of an acquired contract liability (deferred revenue); and (2) payment terms and their effect on subsequent revenue recognized by the acquirer. The amendments in this update require an entity (acquirer) to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of the ASU should be applied prospectively. Early adoption is also permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If early adopted, the amendments are applied retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurred during the fiscal year of adoption. As of October 1, 2021, the Company early adopted ASU

2021-08

using the retrospective approach to all business combination for which acquisition date occurred during the year ended December 31, 2021. The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Consolidated Balance Sheet for the adoption of ASU

2021-08

was a $2.3 million increase in contract liabilities and goodwill related to the Company’s acquisition of Apollo.

F-26

Note 5 — Supplemental Financial Information

Inventories

	As Of December 31,
in thousands	2021		2020
Raw materials	$	5,775	$	649
Work in progress		941		0
Finished goods		959		0
Inventories	$	7,675	$	649

The Company’s inventories included materials which are necessary to construct the Company’s launch vehicles to provide launch services to customers. Costs related to the construction of research and development launch vehicles are recorded as research and development expenses when incurred. Under the Company’s business model, launch vehicles are manufactured to deliver customer payloads of various sizes to various locations in

low-earth

orbit. There were $6.7 million of inventory net realizable value write downs recorded during the year ended December 31, 2021. There were 0 inventory net realizable value write downs recorded during the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Presented in the table below are the major classes of property, plant and equipment:

	As Of December 31,
in thousands	2021			2020
Construction in progress	$	39,246		$	0
Computer and software		3,092			1,440
Leasehold improvements		14,177			13,873
Research and development equipment		8,935			4,903
Production equipment		10,442			8,174
Furniture and fixtures		1,001			466
Kodiak Spaceport		0			2,079
Total property, plant and equipment		76,893			30,935
Less: accumulated depreciation		(10,577	)		(6,866	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	66,316		$	24,069

Construction is progress relates mainly to the ongoing development of our manufacturing facility located in Alameda, California.

Depreciation expense is recorded within operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and amounted to $3.7 million, $3.3 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. NaN impairment charges were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Kodiak Spaceport

On June 19, 2019, the Company entered into an agreement with Alaska Aerospace Corporation (“AAC”) to develop a commercial launch pad site (“Launch Pad”) in Kodiak, Alaska. The Launch Pad development includes construction of the Launch Pad and obtaining Federal Aviation Administration spaceport license approval for launch operations beginning in August 2019. The Launch Pad’s costs were jointly funded by AAC and the Company. Throughout the term of the agreement, the State of Alaska retains ownership of the developed Launch Pad site and the Company leases it.

F-27

The Company’s involvement in the construction of the Launch Pad, inclusive of the land, resulted in the Company being recognized as the owner of the Launch Pad during the lease term. Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, the arrangement was accounted for as a

build-to-suit

lease under ASC 840 — Leases. The total construction costs of $2.1 million were capitalized within property, plant and equipment, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and were depreciated on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease term. AAC’s contributions of $0.8 million were recorded as a financing obligation which was included in other

non-current

liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets to be released at the end of the lease term.

Upon adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2021, the Company derecognized the Kodiak Spaceport asset of $2.1 million, the accumulated depreciation of $0.4 million, and the financing obligation of $0.8 million, with an adjustment to equity for the difference. The Company also recognized a

right-of-use

asset of $0.9 million for the Kodiak Spaceport lease. NaN lease payments remained to be paid as of the transition date. As such, equity was adjusted against the

right-of-use

asset. See Note 10 — Leases.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

	As Of December 31,
in thousands	2021		2020
Employee compensation and benefits	$	9,927	$	484
Contract liabilities		10,162		0
Construction in progress related accruals		3,726		0
Accrued expenses		3,464		2,751
Other (miscellaneous)		2,620		1,155
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	29,899	$	4,390

Other

Non-Current

Liabilities

	As Of December 31,
in thousands	2021		2020
Fair value of contingent consideration	$	13,700	$	0
Contract liabilities		149		122
Other (miscellaneous)		750		1,563
Other non-current liabilities	$	14,599	$	1,685

Other Income, Net

	For The Year Ended December 31,
in thousands	2021		2020		2019
Gain on change in fair value of public and private placement of warrants	$	25,681	$	0	$	0
Gain on forgiveness of PPP note		4,850		0		0
Gain on change in fair value of contingent consideration		4,700		0		0
Gain (loss) on mark to market derivatives		0		8,145		(464	)
Other (miscellaneous)		815		2,715		740
Other income, net	$	36,046	$	10,860	$	276

F-28

Note 6 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

in thousands
Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	0
Apollo Merger		58,251
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	58,251

Intangible Assets

in thousands	Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Book Value
As of December 31, 2021:
Definite-lived intangible assets
Developed technology	$	12,100	$	1,008	$	11,092
Customer contracts and related relationship		2,900		483		2,417
Order backlog		200		100		100
Trade names		150		38		112
Intangible assets subject to amortization		15,350		1,629		13,721
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trademarks		4,200		—		4,200
Total	$	19,550	$	1,629	$	17,921

There were 0 intangible assets as of December 31, 2020. Based on the amount of intangible assets as of December 31, 2021, the expected amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:​​​​​​​

in thousands	Expected Amortization Expense
2022	$	3,158
2023		3,021
2024		2,500
2025		2,017
2026		2,017
Thereafter		1,008
Total intangible assets	$	13,721

Note 7 — Long-Term Debt

The Company’s debt obligations consist of the following:

	As of
	December 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
in thousands	Principal		Unamortized Discount		Principal			Unamortized Discount
Term loan	$	0	$	0	$	2,800		$	0
Equipment advances		0		0		3,636			0
Paycheck Protection Program note		0		0		4,850			0
Convertible notes		0		0		59,835			12,200
Total debt		0				71,121
Less: debt discount		0				(12,200	)
Less: current portion		0				(51,635	)
Total long-term debt book value, net	$	0			$	7,286

F-29

There is no short-term and long-term debt outstanding as of December 31, 2021. Debt issuance costs were not material for any debt obligations individually, or in the aggregate, for the issuances of the above debt obligations. Therefore, debt issuance costs were expensed upon the issuance of respective debt obligations.

Current portion of long-term debt outstanding as of December 31, 2020 includes those principal balances and unamortized debt discount expected to be repaid within twelve months from December 31, 2020.

In connection with the Business Combination, all outstanding debt with the exception of the Paycheck Protection Program note were settled on June 30, 2021. Refer to Note – 3 Acquisitions. In August 2021, the Company’s application for forgiveness of Paycheck Protection Program was approved in the full amount.

Term Loan and Equipment Advances

On December 25, 2018, the Company entered into a loan agreement (the “2018 Loan Agreement”) with Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”). Pursuant to the 2018 Loan Agreement, the Company can borrow up to a total of $3.0 million term loans (“2018 Term Loans”) and $7.0 million equipment loans (“2018 Equipment Advances”) with access period ended on April 30, 2020 for 2018 Term Loans and June 30, 2019 for 2018 Equipment Advances. For the 2018 Term Loans, monthly payments of interest only were required to be made commencing on the first day of the month following the month in which the funding occurs with respect to such term loan, and continuing thereafter on the first day of each successive calendar month, through April 30, 2020. Commencing May 1, 2020 and continuing thereafter on the first day of each successive calendar month through its maturity date, monthly payments of equal principal and accrued interest are required to be remitted. For each equipment advance, commencing on the first day of the month following the month in which the funding date occurs with respect to such equipment advance, and continuing thereafter on the first day of each successive calendar month through its equipment maturity dates, monthly payments of equal principal and accrued interest are required to be remitted. The 2018 Term Loans bear an interest rate equal to the greater of (i) 5.25% or (ii) 1.5% above the Prime Rate. The 2018 Equipment Advances bear an interest rate equal to the greater of (i) 5.25% or (ii) 1.0% above the Prime Rate. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the interest rate for the 2018 Term Loans and the 2018 Equipment Advances was 5.25%. The Prime Rate is defined as the rate of interest per annum from time to time published in the money rates section of The Wall Street Journal or any successor publication. Interest is payable monthly and compounded monthly based on a

360-day

year.

Borrowings under the 2018 Loan Agreement are secured by a security interest in all goods, equipment, inventory, contract rights or rights to payment of money, leases, license agreements, franchise agreements, general intangibles, accounts, documents, instruments, chattel paper, cash, deposit accounts, fixtures, letters of credit rights, securities, and all other investment property, supporting obligations, and financial assets, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, wherever located.

In connection with the execution of the 2018 Loan Agreement, the Company entered into a 2018 warrant agreement which granted certain warrants to SVB (the “Warrants”). The Warrants were issued in one initial tranche on December 25, 2018 and three subsequent tranches in 2019 each time the Company made an additional debt draw under the 2018 Loan Agreement. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, SVB has the option to purchase an aggregate of 480,520 shares of Class A common stock. The warrants have a weighted average exercise price of $0.24 per share and are exercisable for a period of 10 years. The Company accounted for all the Warrants issued as equity instruments since the Warrants are indexed to the Company’s common shares and meet the criteria for classification in stockholders’ equity. In July 2021, SVB exercised all the outstanding Warrants and the Company issued 472,113 shares of Company’s Class A Common Stock, net of exercise price.

F-30

The issuances under the 2018 Term Loan and 2018 Equipment Advances are as follows:

in thousands	Principal
Term Loan	$	3,000
Equipment Advances – January 31, 2019 Issuance		2,410
Equipment Advances – April 29, 2019 Issuance		2,428
Equipment Advances – June 27, 2019 Issuance		2,162
Total	$	10,000

Paycheck Protection Program Note (“PPP Note”)

On April 20, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of approximately $4.9 million under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), offered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) pursuant to Title 1 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The PPP Note proceeds were available to be used to pay for payroll costs, including salaries, commissions, and similar compensation, group health care benefits, and paid leaves, rent and utilities, and mortgage interest payments. The PPP Note was subject to forgiveness to the extent proceeds were used for payroll costs, including payments required to continue group health care benefits, and certain rent, utility, and mortgage interest expenses (collectively, “Qualifying Expenses”), pursuant to the terms and limitations of the PPP Note.

The Company used the PPP Note amount intended for Qualifying Expenses. In the first quarter of the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company submitted a forgiveness application to its lender seeking full forgiveness of the PPP Note. On August 24, 2021, the Company received notice from the lender that the Small Business Administration has approved the application for forgiveness of the PPP Note in the full amount. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a gain of $4.9 million related to forgiveness of PPP Note in other income, net within the Consolidated Statement of Operations. NaN such gain was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Convertible Notes

Issuance of Convertible Notes

From June 2019 through July 2019, the Company issued $14.8 million of convertible promissory notes (the “June 2019 Convertible Notes”) to certain investors. The June 2019 Convertible Notes mature on June 10, 2021 and accrue interest at 2.37% or 2.13%, compounded annually on basis of

360-days

year of twelve

30-day

months. Principal and any accrued but unpaid interest are due and payable at maturity.

From October 2019 through December 2020, the Company issued $45.0 million of convertible promissory notes (the “October 2019 Convertible Notes” and collectively with the June 2019 Convertible Notes, the “Convertible Notes”) to certain investors. The October 2019 Convertible Notes mature on October 1, 2021 and accrue interest at 1.69%, 1.59% or 1.85%, compounded annually on basis of

360-days

year of twelve

30-day

months. Principal and any accrued but unpaid interest are due and payable at maturity.

Pursuant to the terms of the Convertible Notes, the Convertible Notes will convert, including outstanding principal and any accrued but unpaid interest, with no fractional shares and proper notice based on the below:

Maturity

: Upon maturity, convert into the shares issued in the then most recent Preferred Stock financing at the lowest price per share of such shares in such financing at the option of the holders.

Next Equity Financing:

Upon the Company’s next equity financing yielding at least $20 million in a single transaction for the June 2019 Convertible Notes and $50 million in a single transaction for the October 2019 Convertible Notes (“Next Equity Financing”), the Convertible Notes shall automatically convert into those equity securities issued at a price lesser of 80% of the qualified financing price or a per share price reflecting a

pre-money,

fully-diluted valuation of $350 million for the June 2019 Convertible Notes and $450 million for the October 2019 Convertible Notes.

F-31

Change of Control

: In the event of a change of control, immediately prior, the note shall convert into cash equal to 1.5 times the outstanding principal and any accrued but unpaid interest or at the option of the holder convert into common stock at a price per share equal to the lesser of 80% of the change of control price per common stock or a per share price reflecting a

pre-money,

fully-diluted valuation of $500 million for the June 2019 Convertible Notes and $450 million for the October 2019 Convertible Notes.

Upon maturity, the holders of the Convertible Notes have the option to extend the maturity date for another 2 years.

The Company determined that the contingent share-settled redemption upon the Next Equity Financing or Change of Control at 80% of the next round price and the contingent redemption upon Change of Control at 1.5 times of the outstanding principal and accrued interest were embedded derivatives (“Redemption Obligation”) that required bifurcation as derivative liabilities as well as upon issuance a reduction in the carrying value of the underlying note. The Company measures the bifurcated compound derivative at fair value based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which causes them to be classified as Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. Redemption Obligation derivatives are determined to be material at each issuance date. The bifurcated derivative was bifurcated from each note at the amount of the fixed premium, and the expected premium based on likelihood of the Next Equity Financing at different dates which result in differing levels of premium.

The bifurcated embedded derivative had a zero fair value as of December 31, 2020 and through the settlement of the Convertible Notes in January 2021. The following tables present changes in fair value of the embedded compound derivative (associated with the Company’s Convertible Notes) for the year ended December 30, 2021 and 2020:​​​​​​​

	Embedded Derivative in Convertible Notes
in thousands	2021		2020
Balance – December 31	$	0	$	4,698
Additions		0		3,447
Measurement adjustments		0		(8,145	)
Balance – December 31	$	0	$	0

The measurement adjustments are recognized in other income, net within the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. To determine the fair value of the embedded derivatives, the Company used an income approach considering potential future conversion and calibrated a discount rate to be consistent with the price paid at Issuance. The income approach considered assumptions including preferred stock values, volatilities, risk free rates, and discount rates/additional discount factors calibrated to be consistent with the price paid at Issuance. Additionally, other key assumptions included probability and timing of financing or the note remaining outstanding through maturity. The following table sets forth the range of inputs for the significant assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of embedded derivatives at each issuance:​​​​​​​

At Issuance	June 2019 Convertible Notes			October 2019 Convertible Notes			Q4 2020 Convertible Notes
Preferred stock value	$	1.30		$	1.30		$	1.98 – 2.32
Risk free rates		1.8% – 2.0	%		0.9% – 1.8	%		0.1	%
Risk-adjusted discount rate		15.0	%		15.0	%		15.0	%
Additional discount factor		0.1% – 0.9	%		0.9% – 4.7	%		4.7	%
Preferred volatility		15.3	%		15.3	%		20	%

Prior to the adoption of ASU

2020-06

on January 1, 2021 and upon issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company assessed whether an immediate beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) existed with regards to the

F-32

non-contingent

conversion option upon maturity to convert the Convertible Notes into the shares issued in the most recent Preferred Stock financing (i.e., Series B Preferred Stock) at the issuance of the Convertible Notes. A beneficial conversion feature exists when convertible instruments are issued with an initial “effective conversion price” that is less than the fair value of the underlying stock. The Company determined that there was no BCF associated with such conversion feature upon issuance except for the Convertible Notes issued on October 29, 2020, November 12, 2020, November 16, 2020, November 19, 2020, December 1, 2020 and December 11, 2020 (“Q4 2020 Convertible Notes”). At the commitment dates, the Company determined the conversion feature related to the Q4 2020 Convertible Notes to be beneficial to the investors. The following table summarizes the calculation of the BCFs as of the issuance dates of these Q4 2020 Convertible Notes, which continued to be presented in additional paid in capital as of December 31, 2020:​​​​​​​

							As of December 31, 2020
	Effective Conversion Price		Fair Value of Series B Preferred Stock		Number of Shares upon Conversion (pre-combination)		BCF in thousands
October 29, 2020	$	1.33	$	2.32		1,125,281	$	1,113
November 12, 2020		1.33		2.32		4,456,114		4,407
November 16, 2020		1.33		2.32		871,378		862
November 19, 2020		1.33		2.32		2,504,466		2,476
December 1, 2020		1.33		2.32		120,030		119
December 11, 2020		1.33		2.32		750,188		742
Total							$	9,719

Prior to the adoption of ASU

2020-06

on January 1, 2021, the Company recorded a total BCF of $9.7 million, representing the intrinsic value of the

in-the-money

portion of the

non-contingent

conversion option upon maturity, in equity, with an offsetting reduction to the carrying amount of the Q4 2020 Convertible Notes as a debt discount upon issuance. The equity component of $9.7 million was not

re-measured

as long as it continued to meet the conditions for equity classification. The debt discounts resulting from the accounting for a beneficial conversion option and the fair value of embedded derivative at issuance were amortized using the effective interest method over the term of the Q4 2020 Convertible Notes.

For all other Convertible Notes, the debt discount resulting from the bifurcation of the embedded derivatives at issuance was amortized into interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the Convertible Notes. All Convertible Notes were classified as current liabilities as of December 31, 2020.

On January 1, 2021, the Company elected to adopt ASU

2020-06

based on a modified retrospective transition method. Under such transition, prior-period information has not been retrospectively adjusted. In accounting for the Q4 2020 Convertible Notes after the adoption of ASU

2020-06,

the BCFs and unamortized debt discount associated with the recognition of such BCFs were derecognized from the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 1, 2021, resulting in a $9.0 million increase in the carrying amount of the Q4 2020 Convertible Notes, a $9.7 million decrease in additional paid in capital, and a $0.7 million cumulative decrease to the opening balance of its accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2021, net of tax effects.

F-33

The issuances under the Convertible Notes are as follows:

	Maturity Date of June 10, 2021
in thousands	Principal		Interest Rate
June 10, 2019	$	12,950		2.37	%
June 12, 2019		500		2.37	%
June 13, 2019		400		2.37	%
July 19, 2019		235		2.13	%
July 25, 2019		750		2.13	%
Total	$	14,835

	Maturity Date of October 01, 2021
in thousands	Principal		Interest Rate
October 1, 2019	$	14,000		1.69	%
February 6, 2020		6,000		1.59	%
February 12, 2020		5,000		1.59	%
February 28, 2020		6,900		1.59	%
October 29, 2020		1,500		1.85	%
November 12, 2020		5,940		1.85	%
November 16, 2020		1,162		1.85	%
November 19, 2020		3,338		1.85	%
December 1. 2020		160		1.85	%
December 11, 2020		1,000		1.85	%
Total	$	45,000

Settlement of Convertible Notes

On January 28, 2021, the Company entered a stock purchase agreement with certain investors to close the issuance of Series C convertible preferred stock at a cash purchase price of $6.62 per share and settle all outstanding Convertible Notes through Series C convertible preferred stock at a conversion price of $1.33 or $1.71 per share (“Series C Financing”). The Company issued 38,323,292 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Shares

(pre-combination)

for conversion of outstanding Convertible Notes of $61.0 million.

The June 2019 Convertible Notes were settled pursuant to the contractual conversion upon the Next Equity Financing feature with such financing yielding at least $20 million in a single transaction. The Company credited the net carrying amount of the June 2019 Convertible Notes of $14.5 million, including any unamortized debt discount, to Series C convertible preferred stock with no gain or loss recognized.

The October 2019 Convertible Notes were settled based on negotiated terms between the Company and the note holders as the Series C Financing did not meet the definition of Next Equity Financing for the October 2019 Convertible Notes. The Company assessed the economics of the settlement of the October 2019 Convertible Notes and concluded that it should be treated as a privately negotiated debt redemption/settlement transaction where debt extinguishment accounting should be applied. Therefore, the Company derecognized the net carrying amount, including any unamortized debt discount, of the October 2019 Convertible Notes of $42.6 million and recognized the Series C convertible preferred stock issued specifically to settle the October 2019 Convertible Notes at fair value as the reacquisition consideration. Accrued and unpaid interest of $0.6 million was settled and not paid in cash and therefore it was included in calculating the extinguishment loss. The difference between the net carrying amount of the October 2019 Convertible Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, and the reacquisition consideration was recorded as a loss on extinguishment within other income, net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

F-34

The Company issued in aggregate 26,727,308 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock

(pre-combination)

to settle the October 2019 Convertible Notes. The fair value of the Series C convertible preferred stock was determined to be $176.9 million using the cash purchase price of $6.62 per share on January 28, 2021. These October 2019 Convertible Notes had a carrying amount plus accrued and unpaid interest of $43.2 million upon settlement. The difference of $133.8 million was recognized as a loss on extinguishment on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Bridge Loan

On May 20, 2021, the Company entered into a short-term promissory note (the “Bridge Loan”) with Pendrell as the lender, pursuant to which Pendrell agreed to make available to the Company up to $20.6 million in borrowings. Pendrell is the parent of

X-icity

Holdings Corporation, the sponsor of Holicity. The interest rate on the Bridge Loan borrowings is a fixed rate of 5.00% per annum. However, if repaid in full in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, then no interest shall be due and payable. The Company is required to pay an upfront fee in the amount of 1.00% of the principal amount and an end of term fee in the amount of 2.00% of the principal amount. The funds drawn on the Bridge Loan may be prepaid by the Company at any time. The Bridge Loan matures upon the earliest of (a) the closing of the Business Combination, (b) 60 days following the abandonment of the Business Combination and (c) the date when the commitment amount is otherwise paid in full or accelerated pursuant to the terms of the Bridge Loan. Under the terms of the Bridge Loan, the Company borrowed $10.0 million in June 2021, and subsequently paid off the outstanding principal and end of term fee totaling $10.4 million on June 30, 2021. Refer to Note – 3 Acquisitions.

Note 8 — Warrant Liabilities

As part of Holicity’s initial public offering (“IPO”) in 2020, Holicity issued 9,999,976 warrants to third party investors, and each whole warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share (the “Public Warrants”). Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, Holicity completed the private sale of 5,333,333 warrants to Holicity’s sponsor (“Private Placement Warrants”) and each Private Placement Warrant allows the sponsor to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A common stock at $11.50 per share.

The Private Placement Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants are not transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Placement Warrants are exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holder’s option, and are

non-redeemable

so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrant.

The Company accounts for Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants as liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). Specifically, the exercise of the Public and Private Placement Warrants may be settled in cash upon the occurrence of a tender offer or exchange that involves 50% or more of the Company’s Class A shareholders. Because not all of the Company’s shareholders need to participate in such tender offer or exchange to trigger the potential cash settlement and the Company does not control the occurrence of such an event, the Company concluded that the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants do not meet the conditions to be classified in equity. Since the Public and Private Placement Warrants meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value upon the closing of the Business Combination, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the consolidated statement of operations at each reporting date.

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On November 26, 2021, the Company issued a notice of redemption to redeem all of its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants (“Redeemable Warrants”) outstanding as of December 27, 2021. Under the Warrant Agreement, the Company was entitled to redeem not less than all of the outstanding Redeemable Warrants at a Redemption Price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of the Class A common stock has been at least $10.00 per share on the trading day prior to the date on which notice of redemption is given, and further provided that there is an effective registration statement covering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Redeemable Warrants and a current prospectus relating thereto, available through the Redemption Date.

Under the notice of redemption, Company required holders of the Redeemable Warrants to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis, (the “Cashless Exercise Option”) and holders were not permitted to exercise Redeemable Warrants by paying the $11.50 per share exercise price in cash. Pursuant to the Cashless Exercise Option, an exercising holder of the Redeemable Warrants received a number of shares of Class A common stock (the “Exercise Shares”) equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the product of the number of shares of Class A common stock underlying the Redeemable Warrants, multiplied by the excess of the fair market value of the Class A common stock over the exercise price of the Redeemable Warrants by the fair market value. Since the fair market value was less than the exercise price of the Redeemable Warrants, no Exercise Shares would have been issued if a holder would have elected to exercise its Redeemable Warrant pursuant to the Cashless Exercise Option. Alternatively, holders of the Redeemable Warrants were entitled to elect to receive, in lieu of the redemption price or exercising their Redeemable Warrants pursuant to the Cashless Exercise Option, 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock for each Redeemable Warrants.

In connection with the redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A Common Stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of December 27, 2021 and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per Redeemable Warrant. The Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants were remeasured to fair value as of the exercise or redemption date, resulting in a gain of $25.7 million for year ended December 31, 2021, classified within other income, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Note 9 — Income Taxes

Components of Income Before Taxes

For financial reporting purposes, loss before income taxes includes the following components:

	As of December 31,
in thousands	2021			2020			2019
Domestic	$	(258,167	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(53,179	)
Foreign		0			0			0
Loss before income taxes	$	(258,167	)	$	(68,293	)	$	(53,179	)

Components of Tax Expense

The Company recognized a tax benefit of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, primarily due to the release of valuation allowance associated with deferred tax liabilities as a result of the Apollo Fusion Inc. acquisition. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized 0 provision for income taxes consistent with the losses incurred and the valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets.

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Effective Tax Rate

Reconciliation between the effective tax rate on income from continuing operations and the statutory tax rate of 21% is as follows:

	December 31,
	2021			2020			2019
U.S. federal provision at statutory rate		21.0	%		21.0	%		21.0	%
Tax credits		1.1			1.0			2.2
Non-deductible executive compensation		(1.8	)		0			0
Stock-based compensation		0.1			0			(0.1	)
Convertible notes		(10.9	)		(1.6	)		0
Fair value adjustment		2.5			2.5			0
Change in valuation allowance		(11.6	)		(22.8	)		(22.3	)
Other		(0.3	)		(0.1	)		(0.8	)
Effective tax rate		0.1	%		0.0	%		0.0	%

Deferred Taxes

The Company’s deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

	As of December 31,
in thousands	2021			2020
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carry forward	$	75,750		$	45,768
Tax credits		10,005			4,403
Stock-based compensation		1,807			35
Operating lease liabilities		2,073			0
Intangibles		0			307
Accruals and reserves		4,350			362
Total deferred tax assets		93,985			50,875
Deferred tax liabilities:
Fixed assets		(709	)		(787	)
Right-of-use assets		(2,119	)		0
Intangible assets		(2,534	)		0
Total deferred tax liabilities		(5,362	)		(787	)
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance		88,623			50,088
Valuation allowance		(88,623	)		(50,088	)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	0		$	0

The Company assesses the realizability of deferred tax assets based on the available evidence, including a history of taxable income and estimates of future taxable income. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. Due to the losses the Company generated in the current and prior years, the Company believes it is not more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets can be realized. Accordingly, the Company established and recorded a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets. The Company’s valuation allowance increased by $38.5 million and $20.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $292.6 million of U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards, of which $272.5 million will be carried forward indefinitely for U.S. federal tax purposes and $20.1 million will expire beginning in 2036. In addition, the Company has $211.7 million of state net operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income, if not utilized, will begin to expire beginning in 2036.

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As of December 31, 2021, the Company also has federal and California research and development tax credit carryforwards of $8.6 million and $7.7 million, respectively. The federal research credit carryforwards will begin to expire in 2036 and California research credits can be carried forward indefinitely.

Utilization of the net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses and tax credits before utilization. The events that may cause ownership changes include, but are not limited to, a cumulative stock ownership change of greater than 50% over a three-year period.

On December 27, 2020, the “Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021” (the “CAA”) was signed into law. The CAA includes provisions meant to clarify and modify certain items put forth in CARES Act, while providing aid to businesses affected by the pandemic. The CAA allows deductions for expenses paid for by Paycheck Protection Program and Economic Injury Disaster Loan (“EIDL”) Program, clarifies forgiveness of EIDL advances, and other business provisions. The Company analyzed the provisions of the CAA and have appropriately accounted for the deductible costs associated with the PPP proceeds.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The Company accrues for uncertain tax positions identified, which are not deemed more likely than not to be sustained if challenged, and recognizes interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company recorded 0 amounts of accrued interest and accrued penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:

	Year Ended December 31
in thousands	2021			2020		2019
Unrecognized tax benefits as of the beginning of the year	$	4,842		$	3,543	$	1,569
Increases related to prior year tax provisions (acquisition)		487			0		0
Decrease related to prior year tax provisions		(1,112	)		0		0
Increase related to current year tax provisions		897			1,299		1,974
Statute lapse		0			0		0
Unrecognized tax benefits as of the end of the year	$	5,114		$	4,842	$	3,543

The unrecognized gross tax benefits would not reduce the annual effective tax rate if recognized because the Company has recorded a valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company does not believe there will be a significant increase or decrease of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. All tax returns will remain open for examination by the federal and state authorities for three and four years, respectively, from the date of utilization of any net operating loss or credits. There have been no examinations of our income tax returns by any tax authority.

Note 10 — Leases

The Company has operating leases for warehouse, production, and office facilities and equipment. Lease contracts have remaining lease terms of one year to seven years, some of which include options to extend the term by up to 5 years. The Company included renewal options that are reasonably certain to be exercised as part of the lease term. Additionally, some lease contracts include termination options. The Company does not expect to exercise the majority of termination options and generally excludes such options when determining the term of leases. See Note 2 — Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for the Company’s lease accounting policy.

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The components of lease costs for the year ended December 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

in thousands	For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
Operating lease costs	$	1,669
Finance lease costs:
Amortization of right-of-use assets		0
Interest on lease liabilities		0
Short-term lease costs		62
Variable lease costs		0
Sublease income		0
Total lease costs	$	1,731

For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, rent expense recognized under ASC 840 amounted to $0.6 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

The weighted average remaining lease term as of December 31, 2021 is 6.68 years and the weighted average discount rate is 7.34%.

Cash flows arising from lease transactions for the year ended December 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities:
Operating cash inflows/(outflows) from operating leases	$	(1,712	)
Operating cash inflows/(outflows) from finance leases		0
Financing cash inflows/(outflows) from finance leases		0
Supplemental non-cash information on lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets		0
Operating leases	$	5,243
Finance leases		0

Future minimum lease payments under

non-cancellable

leases in effect as of December 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2022	$	1,761	$	0
2023		1,655		0
2024		1,655		0
2025		1,655		0
2026		1,642
Thereafter		2,840		0
Total future undiscounted minimum lease payments	$	11,208	$	0
Less: imputed Interest		2,324		0
Total reported lease liability	$	8,884	$	0

As of December 31, 2021, we do not have any leases that have not yet commenced that create significant rights and obligations for us.

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The following table summarizes our lease commitments as of December 31, 2020:

Year Ended December 31,	Minimum Lease Commitment
	(in thousands)
2021	$	712
2022		766
2023		763
2024		762
2025		762
Thereafter		1,708
Total	$	5,473

Note 11 — Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Description	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market account	$	100,000	$	0	$	0	$	100,000
Total financial assets	$	100,000	$	0	$	0	$	100,000
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	$	0	$	0	$	13,700	$	13,700
Total financial liabilities	$	0	$	0	$	13,700	$	13,700

The following table presents a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments:

in thousands	Contingent Consideration
Fair value as of January 1, 2021	$	0
Recognition of contingent consideration liability upon acquisition		18,400
Gain on change in fair value included in other income, net		4,700
Fair value as of December 31, 2021	$	13,700

Money market account is included within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices.

The fair value of contingent consideration related to Apollo acquisition is classified as Level 3 financial instruments. To determine the fair value of the contingent consideration, the Company used Monte Carlo simulation model. The Monte Carlo simulation considered assumptions including revenue volatilities, risk free rates, discount rates and additional revenue discount rate. Additionally, other key assumptions included

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forecasted revenue from new customers and probability of achieving it. The following table sets forth the range of inputs for the significant assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of contingent consideration:​​​​​​​

	Contingent Consideration
Risk-free interest rate		0.56	%
Expected revenue volatility		20.0	%
Revenue discount rate		5.50	%
Discount rate		3.25	%

Note 12 — Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company is party to ordinary and routine litigation incidental to our business. On a

case-by-case

basis, the Company engages inside and outside counsel to assess the probability of potential liability resulting from such litigation. After making such assessments, the Company makes an accrual for the estimated loss only when the loss is probable, and an amount can be reasonably estimated.

As of December 31, 2021, there is no material litigation, arbitration or governmental proceeding currently pending or to Astra’s knowledge, threatened against us or any members of Astra’s management team in their capacity as such that could have a material effect on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Operations, or Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. See Note 18 — Subsequent Events for litigation proceedings in which the Company is a party that were commenced after December 31, 2021.

Purchase Commitments

On May 25, 2021, the Company entered a contract with a supplier to purchase components. The Company is obligated to purchase $22.5 million of components over 60 months. The Company may terminate the supply agreement by paying 50% of the remaining purchase commitment at any point during the contract term. The Company made total purchases of $0.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Note 13 — Convertible Preferred Stock

Convertible Preferred Stock

From

pre-combination

Astra’s inception until the consummation of the Business Combination, approximately $100.2 million of cash capital contributions was raised, net of issuance costs, through the issuance of three rounds of convertible preferred equity.

The three classes of convertible preferred stock of

pre-combination

Astra are: Series A convertible preferred stock, Series B convertible preferred stock and Series C convertible preferred stock (collectively, the “Convertible Preferred Stock”). Immediately before the consummation of the Business Combination, the Convertible Preferred Stock of

pre-combination

Astra consisted of:

Series	Shares Outstanding (pre-combination Astra)		Liquidation Price Per Share		Conversion Price Per Share		Annual Noncumulative Dividend Rights Per Share
A		65,780,540	$	0.243233	$	0.243233	$	0.019459
B		70,713,123		1.333008		1.333008		0.106640
C		50,483,785		6.620970		6.620970		0.529680
Total		186,977,448

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Upon the consummation of the Business Combination in June 2021, 186,977,448 shares of Convertible Preferred Stock

(pre-combination

Astra) converted into 124,340,003 shares of Class A common stock of the Company. The Company no longer had Convertible Preferred Stock authorized, issued or outstanding subsequent to the close of Business Combination in June 2021. The terms and rights of the Convertible Preferred Stock described below represent the terms and rights of the Convertible Preferred Stock prior to the closing of the Business Combination.

Voting Rights and Dividends

Each holder of the Convertible Preferred Stock is entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of whole shares of Class A common Stock into which such holder’s shares are convertible as defined in the amended and restated certificate of incorporation. The holders of outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive defined dividends per share, when, if, and as declared by the board of directors. These rights are not cumulative, and no right accrues by reason of the fact that dividends on said shares are not declared in any period, nor any undeclared or unpaid dividend bears or accrues interest. After payment of such dividends, and additional dividends or distributions are distributed to all holders of Common Stock, Founders Convertible Preferred Stock and Convertible Preferred Stock in proportion to the number of shares of common stock what would be held on an “as converted” basis.

Liquidation

In the event of a liquidation event (as defined), the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of Founders Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock, by reason of their ownership, an amount per share equal to the liquidation price per share for each outstanding share of the Convertible Preferred Stock, plus any declared but unpaid dividends thereon to the date fixed for such distribution. If the assets of the Company legally available for distribution are insufficient to permit the payment of the full preferential amounts to the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock, then the entire assets available for distribution to stockholders are distributed ratably among the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock in proportion to the preferential amount each such holder is otherwise entitled to receive.

Upon the completion of the distribution to the holders of Series A, Series B and Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, the holders of outstanding shares of Founders Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock are entitled to receive all of the remaining assets of the Company pro rata based on the number of shares of Common Stock held by each assuming conversion of all such Founders Convertible Preferred Stock into Common Stock.

Each of the Convertible Preferred Stock shares are conditionally puttable by the holders upon Deemed Liquidation events, which includes a change of control or a sale of substantially all the Company’s assets. The Company determined that triggering events that could result in a Deemed Liquidation are not solely within the control of the Company. Therefore, the Convertible Preferred Stock is classified outside of permanent equity (i.e., temporary equity). The Convertible Preferred stock is subject to standard protective provisions, none of which provide creditor rights. As of December 31, 2020, the Company was not required to remeasure the Convertible Preferred Stock to the redemption value as none of the Deemed Liquidation events were probable at the time.

On January 28, 2021, concurrent with Series C Financing, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to add a merger with a special purpose acquisition company (“SPAC Transaction”) as one of the defined Deemed Liquidation events. In addition, upon triggering of the Deemed Liquidation events, the holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to receive the greater of their liquidation preference per share and the as converted value per share. As of March 31, 2021, the Company assessed the probability of a SPAC Transaction to be probable and therefore, the Convertible Preferred Stock are considered probable of becoming redeemable.

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Subsequent measurement of Convertible Preferred Stock is then required for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The Company elected to apply the current redemption value method to measure the redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock. Under this method, changes in the redemption value are recognized immediately as they occur and the carrying value of the Convertible Preferred Stock is adjusted to the redemption value at the end of each reporting date. In the absence of retained earnings, adjustments to redemption value were recorded against additional

paid-in

capital, if any, and then to accumulated deficit. As of March 31, 2021, adjustments to the carrying amount of the Convertible Preferred Stock of $1.1 billion, reflecting the estimated redemption value of $7.18 per share as of March 31, 2021, are treated as deemed dividends and are recognized against additional

paid-in

capital and accumulated deficit on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

On the Closing Date of the Business Combination, all outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock converted into Class A common stock of the Company, therefore, the Company applied conversion accounting to derecognize the existing carrying amount of the Convertible Preferred Stock and increased additional

paid-in

capital.

Conversion

The holders of the Convertible Preferred Stock shall have conversion rights as follows:

Right to Convert

: Each of the Company’s Convertible Preferred Stock shall be convertible at the option of the holder thereof into a number of fully paid and nonassessable shares of Class A common Stock as is determined by dividing the liquidation preference by the conversion price for each series, respectively.

Automatic Conversion

: Each share of the Convertible Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Class A common Stock, at the then-effective conversion rates upon the earlier of (i) the vote or written consent of holders of at least a majority of the voting power represented by the then-outstanding shares of Convertible Preferred Stock, voting as a separate class on an

as-converted

basis or (ii) the closing of a firm commitment underwritten public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the offer and sale of common stock at an offering price of not less than $19.9 per share and with aggregate gross proceeds to the Company (prior to deduction of underwriters’ commissions and expenses) of not less than $30.0 million.

Redemption

Convertible Preferred Stock are not mandatorily redeemable.

Note 14 — Stockholders’ Equity

Common and Preferred Stock

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had authorized a total of 466,000,000 shares of stock, consisting of (i) 400,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A common stock”), (ii) 65,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class B common stock”), and (iii) 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Preferred Stock”). As of December 31, 2021, the Company had 207,451,107 and 55,539,189 shares of Class A and Class B common stock issued and outstanding, respectively. There were no shares of preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2021.

Holders of the Class A and Class B common stock have identical rights, except that holders of the Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of the Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share. Each share of Class B common stock can be converted into one share of Class A common stock at any time at the option of the stockholder and automatically convert upon sale or transfer, except for certain transfers specified in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.

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In connection with the Business Combination, the Company’s executive officers and founders, Chris Kemp and Adam London, converted an aggregate 10,870,562 shares of Founders Preferred Stock and an aggregate 3,599,647 shares of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra, which were entitled to one vote per share, into 9,622,689 shares of Class B common stock of the Company, which are entitled to ten votes per share.

Founders Convertible Preferred Stock

The Company issued 18,500,000 shares of

pre-combination

Astra’s Founders Convertible Preferred Stock in 2016. Upon vesting, the compensation expense associated with the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock was recorded as stock-based compensation based on the fair value of the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock on the grant date fair value. Immediately before the closing of the Business Combination, 10,870,562 shares of

pre-combination

Astra’s Founders Convertible Preferred Stock were outstanding. Upon closing of the Business Combination, the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock were converted into shares of Class B common stock of the Company. Refer to Note 3 – Acquisitions.

Note 15 — Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based incentive awards are provided to employees under the terms of various Astra equity incentive plans.

2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan

In June 2021, the Board of Directors approved the 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”), which reserved 36.8 million shares of Class A common stock for issuance for awards in accordance with the terms of the 2021 Plan. In addition, the pool increases on January 1 of each year from 2022 to 2031 by the lesser of (i) 5% of the sum of number of shares of (x) Class A common stock and (y) Class B common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares of Class A common stock as determined by the Board. The purpose of the 2021 Plan is to advance the Company’s interests by providing for the grant to employees, directors, consultants and advisors of stock and stock-based awards. As of December 31, 2021, 9.1 million shares remain available for issuance under the plan.

2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In June 2021, the Board of Directors approved the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2021 ESPP”) to reserve 5 million shares of Class A common stock for issuance for awards in accordance with the terms of the ESPP. In addition, the number of shares reserved for issuance will ultimately increase on January 1 of each year from 2022 to 2031 by the lesser of (i) 1% of the sum of number of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock outstanding as of the close of business on the immediately preceding December 31 and (ii) the number of shares of Class A common stock as determined by the Board. The purpose of the ESPP is to enable eligible employees to use payroll deductions to purchase shares of Class A common stock and thereby acquire an interest in the company. Eligible employees are offered shares through a

24-month

offering period, which consists of four consecutive

6-month

purchase periods. Employees may purchase a limited amount of shares of our stock at a discount of up to 15% of the lesser of the fair market value at the beginning of the offering period or the end of each

6-month

purchase period. NaN shares were issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan during the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, 5 million shares remain available for issuance under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $0.5 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.8 years.

2016 Equity Incentive Plan

In 2016,

pre-combination

Astra adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). Under this Plan, the Board of Directors or a committee appointed by the Board of Directors is authorized to provide stock-based

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compensation in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, and other performance or value-based awards within parameters set forth in the Plan to employees, directors, and

non-employee

consultants.

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company assumed the 2016 Plan upon closing. Each outstanding and unexercised option (“Astra Option”) was converted, at the exchange ratio established in the BCA, into an option (“New Astra Option”) to acquire shares of the Company’s Class A common stock with the same terms and conditions as applicable to the Astra Option immediately prior to the Business Combination. As of December 31, 2021, there were no shares available for issuance under the plan.

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense that the Company recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

	For The Year Ended December 31,
in thousands	2021		2020		2019
Research and development	$	12,930	$	339	$	190
Sales and marketing		220		0		0
General and administrative		26,593		31,863		624
Stock-based compensation expense	$	39,743	$	32,202	$	814

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had capitalized $0.3 million of stock-based compensation in inventories. NaNstock-based compensation was capitalized as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.

On November 22, 2021, under the 2021 Plan, the Company’s compensation committee issued 1,047,115 PSUs to the employees of Apollo who joined Astra. PSUs are subject to certain performance-based and service-based vesting conditions and would vest over four years with 25% of awards vesting on July 1, 2022, and the remaining 75% vesting quarterly over the remaining 12 quarters beginning on November 15, 2022 only for the portion of PSUs that is eligible to become vested which will be determined based upon timely satisfaction of performance conditions. The number of PSUs vested will be determined by multiplying the total number of PSUs granted by the percentage of milestones achieved and by the percentage of PSUs that satisfy the time-based vesting condition on such time-vesting date.

Certain performance conditions for PSUs are subjective and the number of PSUs related to these performance conditions do not meet the criteria for the grant date. Accordingly, 523,557 PSUs related to the performance conditions that are not subjective are considered granted as of November 22, 2021. The remaining PSUs issued did not meet the grant date criteria as of December 31, 2021. The Company will

re-assess

at the end of each reporting period if any further PSUs has met the grant date criteria and account for it in the period in which it meets the grant date criteria.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company assessed the probability of success for the performance conditions that are not subjective and determined that the Company has achieved these performance conditions within the requisite period. Therefore, the Company recognized $0.5 million compensation costs related to PSUs for the year ended December 31, 2021.

On September 20, 2021, under the 2021 Plan, the Company’s compensation committee granted 3,972,185 restricted stock units (“RSUs”), 3,426,094 time-based stock options and 13,016,178 performance stock options (“PSOs”) to its executive officers. RSUs and time-based stock options granted have service-based vesting conditions only. The service conditions vary for each executive officer and is based on their continued service to the Company. Option holders have a

10-year

period to exercise their options before options expire. Forfeitures are recognized in the period of occurrence and stock-based compensation costs are recognized based on grant-date fair value as RSUs and time-based stock options vest. Refer to disclosures below for the Company’s RSUs and option activities for the year ended December 31, 2021.

F-45

PSOs, only eligible to the executive officers of the Company, are subject to performance conditions as follows, and the milestones do not need to be achieved in any specific order or sequence:

Milestone A: The Company has had a successful orbital delivery.

Milestone B: The Company has had six orbital launches during a six consecutive month period.

Milestone C: The Company has completed a prototype for a spacecraft that has achieved an orbital launch.

Milestone D: The Company has conducted

twenty-six

orbital launches during a six consecutive month period.

Milestone E: The Company has achieved an orbital launch for an aggregate of 100 spacecraft.

These PSOs also require the volume weighted average share price for a period of thirty trading days meet certain share price thresholds before a milestone will be deemed achieved. After each milestone is achieved, 20% of the PSOs will vest on the vesting date immediately following the date at which the price thresholds are met. For this purpose, a “vesting date” is February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of any applicable year. The milestones must be achieved over a period of approximately five years, with the earliest vesting date of November 15, 2022 and the last vesting date no later than November 15, 2026, if all vesting conditions are met. No unvested portion of the PSOs shall vest after November 15, 2026. As of December 31, 2021, the Company assessed the probability of success for the five milestones mentioned above and determined that it is probable that the Company will achieve Milestone A and Milestone B within the requisite period. Therefore, the Company recognized $5.6 million compensation costs related to PSOs for the year ended December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, we had unrecognized stock-based compensation expense of $32.8 million for the milestones that were not considered probable of achievement.

In April 2021, the Board of Directors has approved the acceleration of the vesting of 1,900,000

pre-combination

Astra stock options issued to two executive officers: Kelyn Brannon and Martin Attiq, on December 27, 2020. The Company recognized the remaining stock-based compensation expense of $7.2 million in its Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2021.

In February 2021, the Board of Directors approved the acceleration in vesting of 206,250

pre-combination

Astra stock options that were issued to one employee on May 15, 2020. The remaining unvested options were fully vested upon acceleration. The Company recorded a $1.4 million stock-based compensation expense related to the modification for the year ended December 31, 2021.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $130.3 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to all of the Company’s stock-based awards. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.93 years.

Secondary Sales

In January 2021, concurrent with Series C Financing,2 executive officers, Chris Kemp, founder and Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), and Adam London, founder and Chief Technology Officer (“CTO”), entered into stock purchase agreements with certain investors including ACME SPV AS, LLC to sell 3,775,879 and 2,265,529 shares, respectively, of Founders Convertible Preferred Stock at purchase prices in excess of the estimated fair value at the time of the transactions (“January 2021 Secondary Sales”) to certain investors. Upon the sale, the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock automatically converted into Series C Convertible Preferred Stock. The Company’s board member, Scott Stanford, is a member of ACME SPV AS, LLC and the Company facilitated the January 2021 Secondary Sales. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2021 the Company recorded a total of $8.2 million in stock-based compensation expense for the difference between the price paid by these investors and the estimated fair value of the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock on the date of the transaction.

F-46

In April 2021, 4 executive officers, Chris Kemp, CEO, Adam London, CTO, Kelyn Brannon, Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), and Martin Attiq, Chief Business Officer (“CBO”), entered into stock purchase agreements with new investors to sell 2,534,793, 865,560, 1,500,000 and 400,000 shares, respectively, of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra, at a purchase price per share of $5.66 (“April 2021 Secondary Sales”). No additional stock-based compensation expense was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2021 as the purchase price was below fair market value of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra at the time of the sales.

2020 Awards to Founders

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company granted 7,000,000 shares of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra to its founders and key executives in recognition of services previously rendered. Prior to that time, since the Company’s inception, the Company’s two founders had not received refresh grants aside from the initial restricted stock awards issued in 2016. On December 27, 2020, the Board of Directors granted a total of 7,000,000 shares of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra to Chris Kemp, Founder and CEO, and Adam London, Founder and CTO. All 7,000,000 shares of Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra were fully vested upon issuance.

Each share reflects one fully vested Class A common stock of

pre-combination

Astra upon issuance and a grant date fair value of $4.49 per share. The grant date fair value was determined by applying the probability-weighted expected return method (“PWERM Method”), which assumes various future outcomes to determine the value of the various equity securities based on probability-weighted present value. Under the PWERM Method, the Company considered potential scenarios related to (i) a merger transaction closing in the second quarter of 2021 and (ii) remaining privately owned for approximately 1.5 years. The following assumptions are utilized to determine the fair value of Class A common stock:​​​​​​​

	Merger Transaction			Remaining Private
Time to event (in years) (1)		0.38			1.50
Scenario probability (2)		60	%		40	%
Discount for lack of marketability (3)		10	%		25	%
Market value per share (4)	$	6.62		$	3.04
Grant-date fair value	$	5.96		$	2.28

(1) The time to event represents the estimated length of time to a merger or liquidation event.

(2) Scenario probability was estimated based on the Company’s merger or liquidation event assumptions on the valuation date.

(3) Discount for lack of marketability related to the merger transaction scenario was utilized to account for industry-standard lock period of founders and existing employees. Benchmark study approach and securities-based approaches are utilized to estimate the discount for lack of marketability for the remaining private scenario.

(4) The Company has assumed the cash purchase price for Series C preferred stock of $6.62 represents an arm’s length fair market value per share price of equity. The value of the remaining private scenario was determined based on back-solve analysis by reconciling to the Series C preferred stock purchase price.

The grant date fair value of $31.4 million was recognized as compensation expense within general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

F-47

Stock Options Awards

The following is a summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2021:

	No. of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding — December 31, 2020		8,546,017		$	0.85		8.6	$	52,120,105
Granted		16,442,272			9.04		9.7
Exercised		(3,883,523	)		0.50		5.1
Forfeited		(736,533	)		1.08		—
Expired		(41,849	)		0.52		—
Outstanding — December 31, 2021		20,326,384		$	7.52		9.4	$	22,782,654
Unvested — December 31, 2021		18,524,426			8.17		9.5		11,701,061
Exercisable — December 31, 2021		1,801,958			0.78		7.8		11,081,593

Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $35.6 million, $18.7 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

The company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing-model to calculate the grant date fair value of time based options and Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the grant date fair value of PSOs. The following table summarizes the assumptions used in estimating the fair value of options granted in the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

	Time Based Options					Performance Based Stock Options
	2021			2020	2019	2021
Expected terms (years) (1)		6.00		5.78	5.84	2.50 – 4.40
Expected volatility (2)		68.8	%	47.4%	34.0%	68.9%
Risk-free interest rate (3)		0.98	%	0.29% – 1.19%	1.58% – 2.54%	1.31%
Expected dividend rate (4)		0		0	0	0
Grant-date fair value	$	5.52		$1.12	$0.11	$4.66

(1) The expected term is the length of time the grant is expected to be outstanding before it is exercised or terminated. This number is calculated as the midpoint between the vesting term and the original contractual term (contractual period to exercise). If the option contains graded vesting, then the vesting term would be based on the vesting pattern.

(2) Expected volatility, or the standard deviation of annualized returns, was calculated based on comparable companies’ reported volatilities.

(3) Risk-free interest was obtained from US treasury notes for the expected terms noted as of the valuation date.

(4) The Company has assumed a dividend yield of zero as it has no plans to declare dividends in the foreseeable future.

Prior to the Business Combination, the fair value of the common stock underlying our stock-based awards was determined with input from management and corroboration from contemporaneous third-party valuations. Given the absence of a public trading market, we considered numerous objective and subjective facts to determine the fair value of the Company’s Common Stock at each date at which awards were approved. These factors included, but were not limited to (i) contemporaneous third-party valuations of Common Stock; (ii) the rights and preferences of Founders Convertible Preferred and Convertible Preferred relative to Common Stock; (iii) the lack of marketability of Common Stock; (iv) developments in the business; and (v) the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, such as an IPO or sale of the Company, given prevailing market conditions.

F-48

Restricted Stock Units Awards

The following is a summary of restricted stock units for the year ended December 31, 2021:

	Number of RSUs Outstanding			Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding — December 31, 2020		—		$	0
Granted		11,421,216			9.20
Vested		(585,623	)		9.20
Forfeited		(156,775	)		9.08
Outstanding — December 31, 2021		10,678,818		$	9.20

Total fair value as of the respective vesting dates of restricted stock units vested for the year ended December 31, 2021 was approximately $6.2 million. As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate intrinsic value of unvested restricted stock units was $74.0 million.

Note 16 — Loss per Share

Founders Convertible Preferred Stock, Convertible Preferred Stock, and unvested Restricted Stock Awards (“RSA’s”) are participating securities in periods of income, as the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock, Convertible Preferred Stock, and unvested RSAs participate in undistributed earnings on an

as-if-converted

or

as-vested

basis. However, the Founders Convertible Preferred Stock, and Convertible Preferred Stock, do not share in losses.

The Company computes earnings per share of Common Stock using the

two-class

method required for participating securities and does not apply the

two-class

method in periods of net loss. Basic and diluted earnings per share were the same for the years presented as the inclusion of all potential Common Stock outstanding would have been anti-dilutive. Earnings per share calculations for all periods prior to the Business Combination have been retrospectively restated to the equivalent number of shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the BCA. Subsequent to the Business Combination, earnings per share was calculated based on weighted average number of shares of common stock then outstanding.

F-49

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted loss for the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

	For The Year Ended December 31,
	2021						2020						2019
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	Class A Common			Class B Common			Class A Common			Class B Common			Class A Common			Class B Common
Net loss attributed to common stockholders	$	(175,951	)	$	(81,831	)	$	(8,120	)	$	(60,174	)	$	(5,989	)	$	(47,190	)
Adjustment to redemption value on Convertible Preferred Stock		(690,559	)		(321,167	)		0			0			0			0
Net loss attributed to common stockholders	$	(866,510	)	$	(402,998	)	$	(8,120	)	$	(60,174	)	$	(5,989	)	$	(47,190	)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding		110,837,016			51,548,314			6,585,392			48,801,526			5,374,543			42,349,994
Dilutive weighted average common shares outstanding		110,837,016			51,548,314			6,585,392			48,801,526			5,374,543			42,349,994
Loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic and Diluted loss per share	$	(7.82	)	$	(7.82	)	$	(1.23	)	$	(1.23	)	$	(1.11	)	$	(1.11	)

There were0preferred dividends declared or accumulated as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. The following securities were not included in the computation of diluted shares outstanding because the effect would be anti-dilutive:

	As of December 31,
	2021				2020				2019
	Class A Common		Class B Common		Class A Common		Class B Common		Class A Common		Class B Common
Stock options		7,310,199		0		8,546,017		0		5,821,379		0
RSUs		10,678,818		0		0		0		0		0
Convertible Preferred Stock		0		0		103,070,786		0		103,070,786		0
Warrants		0		0		480,520		0		480,520		0
RSAs		0		0		0		0		62,345		1,928,500
Total		17,989,017		0		112,097,323		0		109,435,030		1,928,500

For the Convertible Notes, before settlement, for purposes of diluted earnings (loss) per share, the Company applies the

if-converted

method. However, because the adjustment to the numerator for interest expense was anti-dilutive, the Convertible Notes were not included in diluted earnings (loss) per share. Refer to Note 7 — Long-Term Debt for the key terms of the Convertible Notes.

Note 17 — Related Party Transactions

In June 2019, the Company issued promissory convertible notes to A/NPC Holdings LLC and Sherpa Ventures Fund, II LP for gross proceeds of $10.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively. In November 2020, the Company issued promissory convertible notes to Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP and Eagle Creek Capital LLC, for gross proceeds of $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Some of the Company’s board members at that time were or are related parties of these entities. Nomi Bergman, who was serving as our director when the promissory convertible notes were issued, is a principal of A/NPC Holdings LLC and Scott Stanford, who serves as our

F-50

director, is a principal of Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP and a member of Eagle Creek Capital, LLC. In all instances the terms of these transactions were the same as third-party investors.

On January 28, 2021, the Company settled promissory convertible notes through the issuance of Series C convertible preferred stock. 7,819,887 and 469,193 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock were issued to A/NPC Holdings LLC and Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP at a per share price of $1.33 to settle $10.4 million and $0.6 million outstanding principal and accrued interest, respectively. Additionally, 264,928 and 115,771 shares of Series C convertible preferred stock were issued to Eagle Creek Capital, LLC and Sherpa Ventures Fund II, LP at a per share price of $1.71 to settle $0.5 million and $0.2 million outstanding principal and accrued interest, respectively. See Note 7 — Long-Term Debt for mechanism of settlement.

On November 9, 2021, the Company granted 33,000 restricted stock units (the “RSUs”) to the spouse of its chairman, chief executive officer and founder, Chris Kemp (“Ms. Kemp”) as compensation for investor relations and marketing services Ms. Kemp provided to the Company as a consultant. The RSUs vest in one installment on November 15, 2021. The value of the RSUs was $0.3 million, which is based on the closing per share price of the Company’s Class A common stock on November 9, 2021. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Ms. Kemp’s consulting agreement was ratified, and the grant of RSUs was approved, under the Company’s related party transaction policy.

Note 18 — Subsequent Events

Since December 31, 2021, three legal proceedings have been filed in which the Company is named as a defendant or a nominal defendant:

On February 9, 2022, a putative class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York styled Artery v. Astra Space, Inc. et al., Case No.

1:22-cv-00737

(E.D.N.Y.) (the “Artery Action”). The complaint alleges that we and certain of our current and former officers violated provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with respect to certain statements concerning our capabilities and business prospects. The complaint seeks unspecified damages on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of our securities between February 2, 2021 and December 29, 2021. On March 23, 2022, a second putative class action was filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York styled Riley v. Astra Space, Inc., et al., Case No.

1:22-cv-01591

(E.D.N.Y.) (the “Riley Action,” with the Artery Action, the “Securities Actions”). The Riley Action alleges the same claims, based upon similar facts, against the same defendants, and seeks the same damages. The Company expects that the two cases will be consolidated into a single action. Under the applicable statute, potential lead plaintiffs have until April 11, 2022, to file motions with the court to request appointment as lead plaintiff. Defendants intend to move to dismiss once the Court appoints a lead plaintiff and an amended complaint is filed. We believe that the Securities Actions are without merit and intend to defend them vigorously. Due to the early stage of the cases, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.

On March 8, 2022, a stockholder derivative suit was filed in the United States District Court for the State of Delaware styled Meyer, et al., v. Kemp, et al., Case No.

22-cv-00308

(D. Del.). The complaint asserts claims against the current members of our board of directors and certain of our current and former officers, for breach of their fiduciary duty, waste, unjust enrichment, and contribution under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, based upon the conduct alleged in the Artery Action. The plaintiffs seek monetary damages in favor of the Company in an unstated amount, reformation of the Company’s corporate governance and internal procedures, restitution including a disgorgement of any compensation, profits or other benefits achieved, and reimbursement of the plaintiffs’ reasonable fees and costs, including attorney’s fees. We believe that the case is without merit and intend to defend it vigorously. Due to the early stage of the case, neither the likelihood that a loss, if any, will be realized, nor an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, if any, can be determined.

The Company has tendered defense of each of the three foregoing claims under its Directors’ and Officers’ policy. The retention under this policy is $20 million.

F-51

ASTRA SPACE, INC.

Primary Offering Of

15,333,303 Shares of Class A Common Stock

Secondary Offering of

189,026,575 Shares of Class A Common Stock

5,333,333 Warrants to Purchase Class A Common Stock

PROSPECTUS

                    , 2022

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this prospectus. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted.

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table sets forth the estimated expenses to be borne by the registrant in connection with the issuance and distribution of the shares of Class A common stock being registered hereby.

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee	$	273,398.08
Accounting fees and expenses			*
Legal fees and expenses			*
Financial printing and miscellaneous expenses			*
Total	$		*

* Estimates not currently known

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a court to award, or a corporation’s board of directors to grant, indemnity to directors and officers in terms sufficiently broad to permit such indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities, including reimbursement for expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act.

The Company’s second amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for indemnification of its directors, officers, employees and other agents to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, and the Company’s amended and restated bylaws provide for indemnification of its directors, officers, employees and other agents to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.

In addition, effective upon the consummation of the Business Combination, the Company has entered or will enter into indemnification agreements with directors, officers, and some employees containing provisions which are in some respects broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Delaware General Corporation Law. The indemnification agreements will require the Company, among other things, to indemnify its directors against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors and to advance their expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

Founder Shares, Private Placement Shares in Connection with the IPO and Shares Issued in Redemption of Warrants

On June 20, 2018, Astra entered into a Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement pursuant to which, from June 20, 2018, June 22, 2018, June 25, 2018, July 16, 2018 and July 18, 2018, Astra issued an aggregate of 70,713,123 shares of Astra Series B preferred stock. 41,434,856 shares of Astra Series B preferred stock were issued in exchange for cash at a purchase price of $1.333008 per share for aggregate consideration of approximately $55,232,994.59. In addition, 29,278,267 shares of Astra Series B preferred stock were issued upon the conversion of certain of Astra’s outstanding convertible promissory notes at a purchase price of $0.653436 per share, for aggregate consideration of approximately $19,131,477. The outstanding shares of Astra Series B preferred stock were exchanged for shares of Class A common stock in connection with the closing of the Business Combination.

On June 10, 2019, Astra entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which, on June 10, 2019, June 12, 2019, June 13, 2019, July 19, 2019, and July 25, 2019, Astra issued $14,835,000 aggregate

II-1

principal amount of Astra convertible notes. Interest on the Astra convertible notes accrues at the rate of 2.37% or 2.13% per year, as applicable.

On October 1, 2019, Astra entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which, on October 1, 2019, February 6, 2020, February 12, 2020, February 28, 2020, October 29, 2020, November 12, 2020, November 16, 2020, November 19, 2020, December 1, 2020 and December 11, 2020, Astra issued $45,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Astra convertible notes. Interest on the Astra convertible notes accrues at the rate of 1.69%, 1.59% or 1.85% per year, as applicable.

On January 28, 2021, Astra entered into a Series C Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement pursuant to which Astra issued an aggregate of 42,854,347 shares of Astra Series C preferred stock. 4,531,055 shares of Astra Series C preferred stock were issued at a purchase price of $ 6.62097 per share for aggregate consideration of approximately $29,999,979. In addition, 38,323,292 shares of Astra Series C preferred stock were issued upon the conversion of certain of Astra’s outstanding convertible promissory notes at a purchase price of $1.32703 or $1.70618 per share, for aggregate consideration of approximately $60,989,852. The outstanding shares of Astra Series C preferred stock were exchanged for shares of Class A common stock in connection with the closing of the Business Combination.

PIPE

On February 2, 2021, Holicity entered into subscription agreements by and among Holicity and the PIPE Investors, pursuant to which the PIPE Investors agreed to purchase, and Holicity agreed to sell to the PIPE Investors, an aggregate of 20,000,000 shares of Holicity Class A common stock at a purchase price of $10.00 per share for gross proceeds to Holicity of $200,000,000 in the PIPE Investment. The PIPE Investment was consummated substantially concurrently with the Business Combination.

Redemption of Warrants

In December 2021, the Company completed Redemption of all of its outstanding Warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A common stock that were issued under the Warrant Agreement. In connection with the Redemption, the holders of 9,413,895 Public Warrants and 5,333,333 Private Placement Warrants elected to receive, in lieu of the redemption price, an aggregate 3,775,709 shares of Class A common stock at 0.2560374 shares of Class A common stock per Warrant. A total of 586,075 Public Warrants remained unexercised as of the date of the Redemption and the Company redeemed the Public Warrants for a redemption price of $0.10 per redeemable Warrant, or an aggregate redemption price of $58,607.50. As of the date hereof, all of the Warrants have been redeemed, and no Warrants are outstanding.

II-2

Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)    

Exhibits

. The following exhibits are being provided herewith:

Exhibit Number	Description	Form	SEC File No.	Exhibit	Filing Date
2.1	Business Combination Agreement, dated as of February 2, 2021 by and among Holicity Inc., Holicity Merger Sub Inc. and Astra Space, Inc.	S-4	333-255703	2.1	May 3, 2021
3.1	Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Astra Space, Inc.	8-K	001-39426	3.1	July 1, 2021
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Astra Space, Inc.	8-K	001-39426	3.2	July 1, 2021
4.1	Warrant Agreement, dated as of August 4, 2020, by and between Holicity Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company.	S-4	333-255703	4.2	May 3, 2021
5.1*	Opinion of Cozen O’Connor P.C.
10.1+	Astra Space, Inc. 2021 Omnibus Incentive Plan.	424B3	333-255703	F	June 8, 2021
10.2+	Astra Space, Inc. 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.	424B3	333-255703	G	June 8, 2021
10.3	Form of Indemnification Agreement.	8-K	001-39426	10.11	July 1, 2021
10.4	Director Nomination Agreement, dated June 30, 2021, by and between Astra Space, Inc., Pendrell Holicity Holdings Corporation and Adam P. London and Chris C. Kemp.	8-K	001-39426	10.12	July 1, 2021
10.5+	Employment Agreement, dated February 1, 2021, by and between Astra Space, Inc. and Chris Kemp.	S-4	333-255703	10.8	May 3, 2021
10.6+	Employment Agreement, dated February 1, 2021, by and between Astra Space, Inc. and Adam London.	S-4	333-255703	10.9	May 3, 2021
10.7+	Employment Agreement, dated February 1, 2021, by and between Astra Space, Inc. and Kelyn Brannon.	S-4	333-255703	10.10	May 3, 2021
10.8+	Employment Agreement, dated February 1, 2021, by and between Astra Space, Inc. and Martin Attiq.	S-4	333-255703	10.11	May 3, 2021
10.9+	First Amendment to Employment Agreement of Chris Kemp dated September 1, 2021.	8-K	001-39426	10.1	September 7, 2021
10.10+	First Amendment to Employment Agreement of Adam London dated September 1, 2021.	8-K	001-39426	10.2	September 7, 2021

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10.11+	First Amendment to Employment Agreement of Kelyn Brannon dated September 1, 2021.	8-K	001-39426	10.3	September 7, 2021
10.12+	First Amendment to Employment Agreement of Martin Attiq dated September 1, 2021.	8-K	001-39426	10.4	September 7, 2021
10.13+	Employment Agreement of Benjamin Lyon dated September 1, 2021.	8-K	001-39426	10.5	September 7, 2021
10.14+	Form of Performance Stock Option Award Agreement.	8-K	001-39426	10.1	September 22, 2021
10.15	Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated February 2, 2020, by and among Holicity, Inc. Astra Space, Inc. and certain of its stockholders	S-4	333-255703	10.3	May 3, 2021
16.1	Letter of WithumSmith+Brown PC to the SEC dated June 30, 2021	8-K	001-39426	16.1	June 30, 2021
16.2	Letter of Grant Thornton LLP to the SEC dated March 23, 2022	8-K	001-39426	16.1	March 23, 2022
16.3 *	Letter of Grant Thornton LLP to the SEC dated May 5, 2022
21.1	Subsidiaries of Registrant	10-K	001-39426	21.1	March 31, 2022
23.1*	Consent of Grant Thornton LLP
24.1*	Power of Attorney (included on signature page of the initial filing of this Registration Statement)
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

* Filed herewith.

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** Furnished herewith.

+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement in which directors or executive officers participate.

(b)

Financial Statements

. The financial statements filed as part of this registration statement are listed in the index to the financial statements immediately preceding such financial statements, which index to the financial statements is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 17. Undertakings.

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

i. To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

ii. To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;

iii. To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

i. Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

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ii. Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

iii. The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

iv. Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the undersigned pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the undersigned has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the undersigned of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the undersigned in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the undersigned will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement on Form

S-1

to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Alameda, California, on the 5th day of May, 2022.

Astra Space, Inc.
By:	/s/ Chris Kemp
Name:	Chris Kemp
Title:	Chief Executive Officer

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Kelyn Brannon his or her true and lawful

attorney-in-fact,

with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any and all amendments including post-effective amendments to this registration statement and any and all registration statements filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said

attorney-in-fact

or his substitute, each acting alone, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement on Form

S-1

has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 5th day of May, 2022.

Signature	Position	Date
/s/ Chris Kemp Chris Kemp	Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board	May 5, 2022
/s/ Adam London Adam London	Chief Technology Officer and Director	May 5, 2022
/s/ Kelyn Brannon Kelyn Brannon	Chief Financial Officer	May 5, 2022
/s/ Michèle A. Flournoy Michèle A. Flournoy	Director	May 5, 2022
/s/ Michael Lehman Michael Lehman	Director	May 5, 2022
/s/ Craig O. McCaw Craig O. McCaw	Director	May 5, 2022
/s/ Lisa Nelson Lisa Nelson	Director	May 5, 2022
/s/ Scott Stanford Scott Stanford	Director	May 5, 2022

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