Stock-Based Awards | 7. Stock-Based Awards 2018 Stock Incentive Plan The Company’s 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) provided for the Company to sell or issue incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, and other equity awards to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. The 2018 Plan was administered by the board of directors or, at the discretion of the board of directors, by a committee of the board of directors. The exercise prices, vesting and other restrictions were determined at the discretion of the board of directors. The total number of shares of common stock authorized under the 2018 Plan was 8,267,252 shares. Upon the effectiveness of the 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), the Company ceased granting awards under the 2018 Plan, and the 1,928,487 shares of common stock remaining under the 2018 Plan became available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan. 2020 Stock Incentive Plan In August 2020 the Company’s board of directors adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Plan, which became effective on September 16, 2020. The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to employees, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company. The 2020 Plan is administered by the Company’s board of directors or by a committee appointed by the board of directors. Upon the effectiveness of the 2020 Plan, the Company ceased granting awards under the 2018 Plan. The number of shares initially reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan was 4,884,233. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan will automatically increase on the first day of each fiscal year, beginning with the fiscal year commencing on January 1, 2021 and continuing for each fiscal year until, and including the fiscal year commencing on, January 1, 2030, in an amount equal to the lower of (1) 5% of the shares of common stock outstanding on such date and (2) an amount determined by the Company’s board of directors. On January 1, 2021, 2,272,345 shares were added to the shares reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan in the first of these annual increases. As of June 30, 2021, 4,630,413 shares remain available for future issuance under the 2020 Plan. 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan In August 2020 the Company’s board of directors adopted and the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2020 ESPP”), which became effective September 16, 2020. The 2020 ESPP is administered by the Company’s board of directors or by a committee appointed by the board of directors. The 2020 ESPP initially provides participating employees with the opportunity to purchase up to an aggregate of 488,414 shares of common stock. The number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2020 ESPP will automatically increase on the first day of each fiscal year, beginning with the fiscal year commencing on January 1, 2021 and continuing for each fiscal year until, and including the fiscal year commencing on, January 1, 2030, in an amount equal to the lowest of (1) 1,953,656 shares of common stock, (2) 1% of the shares of common stock outstanding on such date, and (3) an amount determined by the board of directors. As of June 30, 2021, no offering periods have commenced under the 2020 ESPP and 488,414 shares remain available for issuance. Stock option valuation The Company typically grants stock options at exercise prices deemed by the Board to be equal to the fair value of the common stock at the time of grant. In the periods prior to the IPO, the fair value of the common stock was determined by the Board at each measurement date based on a variety of different factors, including the results obtained from independent third-party appraisals, the Company’s financial position and historical financial performance, the status of development of the Company’s programs, the current climate in the marketplace, the illiquid nature of the common stock, the effect of the rights and preferences of the preferred stockholders, and the prospects of a liquidity event, among others. In the periods following the IPO, the fair value is determined based upon the quoted price of the Company’s common stock on Nasdaq. The fair value of stock option grants is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company historically has been a private company and lacks company-specific historical and implied volatility information. Therefore, it estimates its expected stock volatility based on the historical volatility of a publicly traded set of peer companies and expects to continue to do so until such time as it has adequate historical data regarding the volatility of its own traded stock price. For options with service-based vesting conditions, the expected term of the Company’s stock options has been determined utilizing the “simplified” method for awards that qualify as “plain-vanilla” options. The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant of the award for time periods approximately equal to the expected term of the award. Expected dividend yield is based on the fact that the Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The assumptions that the Company used to determine the grant-date fair value of options granted were as follows: Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 2020 Expected volatility 74% 75% Risk-free interest rate 0.88% — 1.17% 0.45% — 1.67% Expected term (in years) 6 6 Expected dividend yield — — Stock option activity A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for the six months ended June 30, 2021 is as follows: (in thousands, except share and per share data) Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding as of January 1, 2021 6,421,589 $ 6.97 9.5 $ 90,112 Granted 770,976 18.30 Exercised (21,251 ) 1.23 Canceled (10,664 ) Outstanding as of June 30, 2021 7,160,650 $ 8.20 9.1 $ 94,783 Options exercisable as of June 30, 2021 1,186,660 $ 5.59 8.8 $ 18,804 Options vested or expected to vest as of June 30, 2021 6,767,389 $ 8.17 9.0 $ 87,112 The weighted-average grant date fair value of the options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was $11.78 and $0.71 Restricted stock units A restricted stock unit (“RSU”) represents the right to receive one share of common stock upon vesting of the RSU. The Company grants RSUs with service conditions that vest in four equal annual installments provided that the employee remains employed with the Company. The Company also grants RSUs with performance-based vesting conditions for which performance was not deemed probable at June 30, 2021. The fair value of each RSU is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. A summary of the Company’s RSU activity and related information for the 2020 Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2021: Number of Shares Underlying RSUs Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Issued and unvested as of January 1, 2021 403,355 $ 23.60 Granted 145,550 17.89 Vested — Forfeited (440 ) 23.90 Issued and unvested as of June 30, 2021 548,465 $ 22.14 As of June 30, 2021, there was $7.7 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested RSUs, which are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.6 years. Additionally, as of June 30, 2021, the Company has unrecognized compensation cost of $0.6 million related to unvested stock-based awards with performance-based vesting conditions for which performance has not been deemed probable. Restricted common stock During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company granted restricted common stock with service-based vesting conditions. Shares of unvested restricted common stock may not be sold or transferred by the holder. These restrictions lapse according to the time-based vesting conditions of each award. The aggregate grant date fair value of these awards was immaterial. The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted common stock award activity for the six months ended June 30, 2021: Number of Restricted Shares Issued and unvested as of January 1, 2021 370,329 Vested (134,516 ) Forfeited (26,246 ) Issued and unvested as of June 30, 2021 209,567 The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense in the following expense categories of its statements of operations: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020 Research and development $ 2,149 $ 30 $ 3,719 $ 55 General and administrative 2,090 45 4,172 86 Total $ 4,239 $ 75 $ 7,891 $ 141 In June, 2021, the Company entered into a severance agreement with its former chief scientific officer resulting in a modification to previously issued equity awards. This modification resulted in recognition of $0.4 million of stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2021. |