Loans Receivable | 5. Loans Receivable Major classifications of loans at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Originated Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 113,254 $ 120,208 Construction — 828 113,254 121,036 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 22,812 33,581 Multi-family 5,125 5,585 Construction — 100 Commercial business 20,178 14,028 48,115 53,294 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 9,981 10,170 Manufactured homes 44,347 23,769 Automobile 21,469 21,083 Student 2,259 2,251 Recreational vehicle 14,557 263 Other consumer 4,081 1,724 96,694 59,260 Total originated loans 258,063 233,590 Net deferred loan costs 11,854 4,986 Less allowance for loan losses (1,821) (1,660) Net originated loans $ 268,096 $ 236,916 December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Acquired Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 14,102 $ 18,506 Construction — — 14,102 18,506 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 1,942 2,115 Commercial business 327 404 2,269 2,519 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 1,406 1,833 Other consumer 190 361 1,596 2,194 Total acquired loans 17,967 23,219 Net deferred loan costs (67) (91) Fair value credit and yield adjustment (356) (424) Net acquired loans $ 17,544 $ 22,704 December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Total Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 127,356 $ 138,714 Construction — 828 127,356 139,542 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 24,754 35,696 Multi-family 5,125 5,585 Construction — 100 Commercial business 20,505 14,432 50,384 55,813 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 11,387 12,003 Manufactured homes 44,347 23,769 Automobile 21,469 21,083 Student 2,259 2,251 Recreational vehicle 14,557 263 Other consumer 4,271 2,085 98,290 61,454 Total Loans 276,030 256,809 Net deferred loan costs 11,787 4,895 Fair value credit and yield adjustment (356) (424) Less allowance for loan losses (1,821) (1,660) Loans receivable, net $ 285,640 $ 259,620 The Company grants residential mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers throughout the Finger Lakes region of New York State, which includes parts of Cayuga, Seneca, Wayne, Yates and Ontario counties as well as Orleans County. Although the Company has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of its debtors’ abilities to honor their contracts is dependent upon the counties’ employment and economic conditions. To further diversify the loan portfolio, the Company also purchases loans that have been originated outside of the region. High quality automobile loans, originated in Northeastern United States, are purchased regularly from BCI Financial Corporation, a Connecticut Company. In 2019, the Company also began to purchase modular home loans originated throughout the United States from Triad Financial Services, Inc., who then services the loans for the Company. In 2020, the Company began to purchase automobile and recreational vehicle loans originated in New York State from OneSource Financial. The Commercial Business category includes Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans that were authorized under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"). The PPP was implemented by the Small Business Administration ("SBA") with support from the Department of the Treasury and provided small businesses that were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic with government guaranteed and potentially forgivable loans that could be used to pay up to eight or twenty-four weeks, depending on the date of the loan, of payroll costs including benefits. Funds could also be used to pay interest on mortgages, rent, and utilities. PPP loans made by the Company have a maturity of two years and an interest rate of 1%. In addition, the SBA pays originating lenders processing fees based on the size of the loan, ranging from 1% to 5% of the loan amount. A borrower who meets certain requirements can request loan forgiveness from the SBA. If loan forgiveness is granted, the SBA will forward the forgiveness amount to the lender. Loan Origination / Risk Management The Company has lending policies and procedures in place that are designed to maximize loan income within an acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements the review process by frequently providing management with reports related to loan production, loan quality, loan delinquencies, non-performing and potential problem loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is a means of managing risk associated with fluctuations in economic conditions. The loan portfolio is segregated into risk rating categories based on the borrower’s overall financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors, and value of collateral, if appropriate. The risk ratings are evaluated at least annually for commercial loans unless credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial, residential mortgage or consumer loans. Credit quality risk ratings include regulatory classifications of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and are charged to the allowance for loan loss. Loans not classified are rated as pass. See further discussion of risk ratings in Note 2. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of December 31 2020 and 2019: December 31, 2020 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Originated Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 109,752 $ 627 $ 2,875 $ — $ 113,254 Construction — — — — — 109,752 627 2,875 — 113,254 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 15,597 4,433 2,782 — 22,812 Multi-family 5,083 — 42 — 5,125 Construction — — — — — Commercial business 17,009 842 2,327 — 20,178 37,689 5,275 5,151 — 48,115 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 9,923 — 58 — 9,981 Manufactured homes 44,272 — 75 — 44,347 Automobile 21,432 4 33 — 21,469 Student 2,259 — — — 2,259 Recreational vehicle 14,527 30 — — 14,557 Other consumer 4,046 4 31 — 4,081 96,459 38 197 — 96,694 Total originated loans $ 243,900 $ 5,940 $ 8,223 $ — $ 258,063 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Acquired Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 13,669 $ 63 $ 370 $ — $ 14,102 13,669 63 370 — 14,102 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 1,942 — — — 1,942 Commercial business 327 — — — 327 2,269 — — — 2,269 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 1,362 — 44 — 1,406 Other consumer 190 — — — 190 1,552 — 44 — 1,596 Total acquired loans $ 17,490 $ 63 $ 414 $ — $ 17,967 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Total Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 123,421 $ 690 $ 3,245 $ — $ 127,356 Construction — — — — — 123,421 690 3,245 — 127,356 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 17,539 4,433 2,782 — 24,754 Multi-family 5,083 — 42 — 5,125 Construction — — — — — Commercial business 17,336 842 2,327 — 20,505 39,958 5,275 5,151 — 50,384 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 11,285 — 102 — 11,387 Manufactured homes 44,272 — 75 — 44,347 Automobile 21,432 4 33 — 21,469 Student 2,259 — — — 2,259 Recreational vehicle 14,527 30 — — 14,557 Other consumer 4,236 4 31 — 4,271 98,011 38 241 — 98,290 Total loans $ 261,390 $ 6,003 $ 8,637 $ — $ 276,030 December 31, 2019 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Originated Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 116,414 $ 2,159 $ 1,635 $ — $ 120,208 Construction 828 — — — 828 117,242 2,159 1,635 — 121,036 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 29,192 1,479 2,910 — 33,581 Multi-family 5,585 — — — 5,585 Construction 100 — — — 100 Commercial business 10,222 1,798 2,008 — 14,028 45,099 3,277 4,918 — 53,294 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 10,030 96 44 — 10,170 Manufactured homes 23,686 83 — — 23,769 Automobile 20,975 54 54 — 21,083 Student 2,251 — — — 2,251 Recreational vehicle 263 — — — 263 Other consumer 1,721 2 1 — 1,724 58,926 235 99 — 59,260 Total originated loans $ 221,267 $ 5,671 $ 6,652 $ — $ 233,590 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Acquired Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 17,387 $ 805 $ 314 $ — $ 18,506 17,387 805 314 — 18,506 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 2,115 — — — 2,115 Commercial business 404 — — — 404 2,519 — — — 2,519 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 1,746 — 87 — 1,833 Other consumer 361 — — — 361 2,107 — 87 — 2,194 Total acquired loans $ 22,013 $ 805 $ 401 $ — $ 23,219 Special (In thousands) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Total Loans Residential mortgages: One- to four-family $ 133,801 $ 2,964 $ 1,949 $ — $ 138,714 Construction 828 — — — 828 134,629 2,964 1,949 — 139,542 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 31,307 1,479 2,910 — 35,696 Multi-family 5,585 — — — 5,585 Construction 100 — — — 100 Commercial business 10,626 1,798 2,008 — 14,432 47,618 3,277 4,918 — 55,813 Consumer: Home equity and junior liens 11,776 96 131 — 12,003 Manufactured homes 23,686 83 — — 23,769 Automobile 20,975 54 54 — 21,083 Student 2,251 — — — 2,251 Recreational vehicle 263 — — — 263 Other consumer 2,082 2 1 — 2,085 61,033 235 186 — 61,454 Total loans $ 243,280 $ 6,476 $ 7,053 $ — $ 256,809 Management has reviewed its loan portfolio and determined that, to the best of its knowledge, little or no exposure exists to sub-prime or other high-risk residential mortgages. The Company is not in the practice of originating these types of loans. The Company did originate a small portfolio of sub-prime automobile loans in 2014. Upon assessment of the higher risk in this portfolio, the lending product was discontinued. It is anticipated to pay down quickly over a short-term. The allowance for loan losses was increased to cover the exposure inherent in the sub-prime automobile portfolio. The total outstanding balance of this discontinued sub-prime portfolio was $6,000 and $181,000 at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Of the amount outstanding, $4,000 and $125,000 of these loans were current and paying as agreed at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Non-accrual and Past Due Loans Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received within thirty days of the payment due date. An age analysis of past due loans, segregated by class of loans, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows: December 31, 2020 90 Days 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Originated Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 2,345 $ 691 $ 2,875 $ 5,911 $ 107,343 $ 113,254 Construction — — — — — — 2,345 691 2,875 5,911 107,343 113,254 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 66 66 1,103 1,235 21,577 22,812 Multi-family — — 42 42 5,083 5,125 Construction — — — — — — Commercial business 139 — 688 827 19,351 20,178 205 66 1,833 2,104 46,011 48,115 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 92 23 58 173 9,808 9,981 Manufactured homes 944 440 75 1,459 42,888 44,347 Automobile 188 21 33 242 21,227 21,469 Student — — — — 2,259 2,259 Recreational vehicle 229 30 — 259 14,298 14,557 Other consumer 3 4 29 36 4,045 4,081 1,456 518 195 2,169 94,525 96,694 Total originated loans $ 4,006 $ 1,275 $ 4,903 $ 10,184 $ 247,879 $ 258,063 90 Days 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Acquired Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 223 $ 48 $ 370 $ 641 $ 13,461 $ 14,102 Construction — — — — — — 223 48 370 641 13,461 14,102 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential — — — — 1,942 1,942 Commercial business — 15 — 15 312 327 — 15 — 15 2,254 2,269 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 46 6 44 96 1,310 1,406 Other consumer — — 2 2 188 190 46 6 46 98 1,498 1,596 Total acquired loans $ 269 $ 69 $ 416 $ 754 $ 17,213 $ 17,967 90 Days 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Total Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 2,568 $ 739 $ 3,245 $ 6,552 $ 120,804 $ 127,356 Construction — — — — — — 2,568 739 3,245 6,552 120,804 127,356 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 66 66 1,103 1,235 23,519 24,754 Multi-family — — 42 42 5,083 5,125 Construction — — — — — — Commercial business 139 15 688 842 19,663 20,505 205 81 1,833 2,119 48,265 50,384 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 138 29 102 269 11,118 11,387 Manufactured homes 944 440 75 1,459 42,888 44,347 Automobile 188 21 33 242 21,227 21,469 Student — — — — 2,259 2,259 Recreational vehicle 229 30 — 259 14,298 14,557 Other consumer 3 4 31 38 4,233 4,271 1,502 524 241 2,267 96,023 98,290 Total loans $ 4,275 $ 1,344 $ 5,319 $ 10,938 $ 265,092 $ 276,030 December 31, 2019 90 Days 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Originated Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 2,963 $ 1,656 $ 1,945 $ 6,564 $ 113,644 $ 120,208 Construction — — — — 828 828 2,963 1,656 1,945 6,564 114,472 121,036 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 350 1,388 912 2,650 30,931 33,581 Multi-family — — — — 5,585 5,585 Construction — — — — 100 100 Commercial business 540 24 73 637 13,391 14,028 890 1,412 985 3,287 50,007 53,294 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 80 71 67 218 9,952 10,170 Manufactured homes 179 83 — 262 23,507 23,769 Automobile 207 54 54 315 20,768 21,083 Student 35 — — 35 2,216 2,251 Recreational vehicle — — — — 263 263 Other consumer 57 2 — 59 1,665 1,724 558 210 121 889 58,371 59,260 Total originated loans $ 4,411 $ 3,278 $ 3,051 $ 10,740 $ 222,850 $ 233,590 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Acquired Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 457 $ 293 $ 314 $ 1,064 $ 17,442 $ 18,506 — — — — — — Commercial loans: 457 293 314 1,064 17,442 18,506 Real estate - nonresidential Commercial business — — — — 2,115 2,115 Other commercial and industrial — — — — 404 404 — — — — 2,519 2,519 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 11 63 87 161 1,672 1,833 Other consumer 1 18 — 19 342 361 12 81 87 180 2,014 2,194 Total acquired loans $ 469 $ 374 $ 401 $ 1,244 $ 21,975 $ 23,219 90 Days 30-59 Days 60-89 Days or More Total Total Loans Total Loans (In thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current Receivable Total Loans Residential mortgage loans: One- to four-family $ 3,420 $ 1,949 $ 2,259 $ 7,628 $ 131,086 $ 138,714 Construction — — — — 828 828 3,420 1,949 2,259 7,628 131,914 139,542 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 350 1,388 912 2,650 33,046 35,696 Multi-family — — — — 5,585 5,585 Construction — — — — 100 100 Commercial business 540 24 73 637 13,795 14,432 890 1,412 985 3,287 52,526 55,813 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 91 134 154 379 11,624 12,003 Manufactured homes 179 83 — 262 23,507 23,769 Automobile 207 54 54 315 20,768 21,083 Student 35 — — 35 2,216 2,251 Recreational vehicle — — — — 263 263 Other consumer 58 20 — 78 2,007 2,085 570 291 208 1,069 60,385 61,454 Total loans $ 4,880 $ 3,652 $ 3,452 $ 11,984 $ 244,825 $ 256,809 Non-accrual loans, segregated by class of loan, were as follows: December 31, December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 Residential mortgage loans: 1-4 family first-lien $ 3,245 $ 2,259 Construction — — 3,245 2,259 Commercial loans: Real estate - nonresidential 1,103 2,509 Real estate - multi-family 42 — Construction — — Other commercial and industrial 688 1,195 1,833 3,704 Consumer loans: Home equity and junior liens 102 154 Manufactured homes 75 — Automobile 33 54 Student — — Recreational Vehicle — Other consumer 31 — 241 208 Total non-accrual loans $ 5,319 $ 6,171 There were no loans past due more than ninety days and still accruing interest at December 31, 2020 ad December 31, 2019. Troubled Debt Restructurings The Company is required to disclose certain activities related to Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDR) in accordance with accounting guidance. Certain loans have been modified in a TDR where economic concessions have been granted to a borrower who is experiencing, or expected to experience, financial difficulties. These economic concessions could include a reduction in the loan interest rate, extension of payment terms, reduction of principal amortization, or other actions that the Company would not otherwise consider for a new loan with similar risk characteristics. The recorded investment for each TDR loan is determined by the outstanding balance less the allowance associated with the loan. There were no newly classified TDR in 2020. In 2019, the Company modified a commercial loan that was originated through a program with Bankers Healthcare Group (BHG). This loan is also serviced by BHG, who maintains a 50% recourse share in losses from this loan program portfolio. BHG deferred payments for the borrower to bring the loan current as after significant delinquency had occurred, making concessions to the maturity date but not the rate or principal due. The principal balance of this loan at December 31, 2019 was $25,000. At December 31, 2020, the Company had nine loans, with an outstanding balance of $2.5 million, in the portfolio that had been modified by making concessions to maturity dates and, in some cases, lowering the interest rate from the original contract. Each modification was done to alleviate the borrowers’ financial difficulties and keep the collateral from repossession when the borrower met the eligibility criteria. One of the outstanding TDRs are in non-accrual status due to delinquency greater than 90 days. Each of the other remaining TDR loans continues to accrue interest and have not defaulted since restructuring. Impaired Loans The following table summarizes impaired loans information by portfolio class as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019: December 31, 2020 Unpaid Recorded Principal Related (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 2,836 $ 2,937 $ — Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 1,198 1,548 — Multi-family — — — Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 782 782 — Home equity and junior liens 109 109 — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile — — — Student — — — Other consumer — — — With an allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages 429 429 21 Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential — — — Multi-family 42 42 7 Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 713 713 265 Home equity and junior liens — — — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile 41 41 10 Student — — — Other consumer 2 2 2 Total: One- to four-family residential mortgages 3,265 3,366 21 Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 1,198 1,548 — Multi-family 42 42 7 Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 1,495 1,495 265 Home equity and junior liens 109 109 — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile 41 41 10 Student — — — Other consumer 2 2 2 $ 6,152 $ 6,603 $ 305 December 31, 2019 Unpaid Recorded Principal Related (In thousands) Investment Balance Allowance With no related allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 2,150 $ 2,180 $ — Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 2,472 2,472 — Multi-family — — — Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 1,622 1,622 — Home equity and junior liens 131 131 — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile 81 81 — Student — — — Other consumer — — — With an allowance recorded: One- to four-family residential mortgages 132 132 7 Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 438 438 250 Multi-family — — — Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 385 385 133 Home equity and junior liens — — — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile — — — Student — — — Other consumer 1 1 1 Total: One- to four-family residential mortgages 2,282 2,312 7 Construction residential mortgages — — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 2,910 2,910 250 Multi-family — — — Construction commercial — — — Commercial business 2,007 2,007 133 Home equity and junior liens 131 131 — Manufactured homes — — — Automobile 81 81 — Student — — — Other consumer 1 1 1 $ 7,412 $ 7,442 $ 391 The Following table represents the average recorded investment in impaired loans For the Year ended December 31, December 31, 2020 2019 Average Average Recorded Recorded (In thousands) Investment Investment One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 3,336 $ 2,309 Construction residential mortgages — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 1,523 1,453 Multi-family 42 — Construction commercial — — Commercial business 1,572 1,038 Home equity and junior liens 110 132 Manufactured homes — — Automobile 46 89 Student — — Other consumer 2 1 6,631 $ 5,022 The following table presents interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. For the Year ended December 31, (In thousands) 2020 2019 One- to four-family residential mortgages $ 110 $ 82 Construction residential mortgages — — Commercial real estate - nonresidential 19 31 Multi-family 1 — Construction commercial — — Commercial business 54 58 Home equity and junior liens 7 7 Manufactured homes — — Automobile 4 10 Student — — Other consumer — — $ 195 $ 188 |