Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including, but not limited to, those related to investments, manufacturing accruals, accrued research and development expenses, fair value of common stock, stock-based compensation, operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets and liabilities, income tax uncertainties and the valuation of deferred tax assets. The Company bases its estimates on its historical experience and also on assumptions that it believes are reasonable; however, actual results could significantly differ from those estimates . Segments The Company operates and manages its business as one reportable and operating segment, which is the business of developing clinical product candidates for the treatment of cancer patients. The Company’s chief executive officer, who is the chief operating decision maker, reviews financial information on an aggregate basis for allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. All long-lived assets are maintained in, and all losses are attributable to, the United States. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of amounts invested in money market accounts and are stated at fair value. Restricted cash as of September 30, 2021 included a $216,000 stand-by letter of credit issued in favor of the landlord in connection with a lease of lab space located in San Carlos, California, which is classified in noncurrent assets. There was no restricted cash as of December 31, 2020. Investments The Company’s investments have been classified and accounted for as available-for-sale securities. Fixed income securities consist of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities, corporate debt, and commercial paper. The specific identification method is used to determine the cost basis of fixed income securities sold. These securities are recorded on the condensed balance sheets at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on these securities are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The cost of investment securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization and accretion are included in other income (expense), net. Realized gains and losses and declines in fair value judged to be other-than-temporary, if any, are also included in other income (expense), net. The Company evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at the balance sheet date. Declines in fair value determined to be other-than-temporary are also included in other income (expense), net. The Company classifies its investments as short or long-term primarily based on the remaining contractual maturity of the securities. Long term investments consist of asset backed securities and corporate debt. There have been no significant realized gains or losses on the Company’s investments for the periods presented. There were no securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months. Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains bank deposits in federally insured financial institutions and these deposits may exceed federally insured limits. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions holding its cash and cash equivalents to the extent recorded in the balance sheet. The Company has not experienced any losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents. The Company’s future results of operations involve a number of other risks and uncertainties. Factors that could affect the Company’s future operating results and cause actual results to vary materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, uncertainty of results of clinical trials and reaching milestones, uncertainty of regulatory approval of the Company’s potential product candidates, uncertainty of market acceptance of the Company’s product candidates, competition from substitute products and larger companies, securing and protecting proprietary technology, strategic relationships and dependence on key individuals or sole source suppliers. The Company’s product candidates require approvals from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and comparable foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales in their respective jurisdictions. There can be no assurance that any product candidates will receive the necessary approvals. If the Company is denied approval, approval is delayed or the Company is unable to maintain approval for any product candidate, it could have a materially adverse impact on the Company. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The useful lives of property and equipment are as follows: Laboratory equipment 3-5 years Furniture and fixtures 5 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of remaining lease term or estimated useful life Computer equipment 3 years Upon retirement or sale of the assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is recorded to the statements of operations. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Impairment of Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. There have been no such impairments of long-lived assets for any of the periods presented. Convertible Preferred Stock The Company records shares of convertible preferred stock at fair value on the dates of issuances, net of issuance costs. The Company classifies convertible preferred stock outside of stockholders’ equity (deficit) because the shares contain liquidation features that are not solely within the Company’s control. The Company analyzed all embedded derivatives and beneficial conversion features for its convertible preferred stock and concluded that none requires bifurcation. The Company has elected not to adjust the carrying values of the convertible preferred stock to the liquidation preferences of such shares because it is uncertain whether or when an event would occur that would obligate the Company to pay the liquidation preferences to holders of convertible preferred stock. Subsequent adjustments to the carrying values to the liquidation preferences will be made only when it becomes probable that such a liquidation event will occur. Research and Development Expenses The Company’s research and development expenses consist primarily of external and internal costs incurred in connection with the research and development of its research programs and product candidates. External costs include: • expenses incurred under agreements with third-party contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”), contract research organizations (“CROs”), research and development service providers, academic research institutions and consulting costs; and • laboratory expenses, including supplies and services. Internal costs include: • personnel-related expenses, including salaries, benefits and stock-based compensation for personnel in research and product development roles; and • facilities and other allocated expenses, including expenses for rent and facilities maintenance, and amortization. The Company expenses research and development costs in the periods in which they are incurred. Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in future periods for use in research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. The capitalized amounts are then expensed as the related goods are delivered and as services are performed. The Company tracks direct costs by stage of program, clinical or preclinical. However, the Company does not track indirect costs on a stage of program basis because these costs are deployed across multiple programs and, as such, are not separately classified. Accrued Research and Development Expenses The Company records accruals for estimated costs of research, preclinical, and manufacturing development, which are significant components of research and development expenses. A substantial portion of the Company’s ongoing research and development activities is conducted by third-party service providers, CROs and CMOs. The Company’s contracts with the CROs and CMOs generally include fees such as initiation fees, reservation fees, costs related to animal studies and safety tests, verification run costs, materials and reagents expenses, taxes, etc. The financial terms of these contracts are subject to negotiation, which vary from contract to contract and may result in payment flows that do not match the periods over which materials or services are provided to the Company under such contracts. The Company accrues the costs incurred under agreements with these third parties based on estimates of actual work completed in accordance with the respective agreements. The Company determines the estimated costs through discussions with internal personnel and external service providers as to the progress, or stage of completion and actual timeline (start- date and end-date) of the services and the agreed-upon fees to be paid for such services. Through September 30, 2021, there have been no material differences from the Company’s estimated accrued research and development expenses to actual expenses. Patent Costs All patent-related costs incurred in connection with filing and prosecuting patent applications are expensed as incurred due to the uncertainty about the recovery of the expenditure. Amounts incurred are classified as general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations . Stock-based Compensation The Company’s measures stock options and other stock-based awards granted to directors, employees and non-employees based on their fair value on the date of the grant and recognizes the corresponding compensation expense of those awards over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award, and estimates the fair value of share-based awards to employees and directors using the Black-Scholes option-pricing valuation model. The Company has only issued stock options and restricted share awards with service-based vesting conditions and records the expense for these awards using the straight-line method. The Company accounts for the forfeitures as they occur. Leases On January 1, 2020, the Company early adopted ASC 842, Leases Under ASC 842, the Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. In determining the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. The Company’s operating leases have one single component. The lease component results in a right-of-use asset being recorded on the balance sheet and expensed as lease expense on a straight-line basis in the Company’s statements of operations. Building improvements are paid for by the tenant and are capitalized as leasehold improvements and included in property and equipment, net in the balance sheet. Income Taxes The Company began providing for income taxes under the asset and liability method in December 2020 upon conversion from a limited liability company into a corporation. Current income tax expense or benefit represents the amount of income taxes expected to be payable or refundable for the current year. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial statement reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and net operating loss and credit carryforwards and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such items are expected to reverse. Deferred income tax assets are reduced, as necessary, by a valuation allowance when management determines it is more likely than not that some or all the tax benefits will not be realized. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC No. 740 Income Taxes The Company includes any penalties and interest expense related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense, as necessary. Comprehensive Loss Other comprehensive loss represents the changes in stockholders’ equity except those resulting from distributions to stockholders. The Company’s unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities represent components of other comprehensive loss that are excluded from the reported net loss and are presented in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the periods, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share, since the effects of potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive given the net loss for the periods presented. Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company is an emerging growth company (“EGC”), as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), and may take advantage of reduced reporting requirements that are otherwise applicable to public companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with those standards. The Company has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards; and as a result of this election, its financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. The JOBS Act also exempts the Company from having to provide an auditor attestation of internal controls over financial reporting under Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404(b). The Company will remain an EGC until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which it has total annual gross revenues of $1.07 billion or more, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of its IPO, (iii) the date on which it has issued more than $1.0 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years or (iv) the date on which it is deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which generally is when it has more than $700 million in market value of its stock held by non-affiliates, has been a public company for at least 12 months and has filed one annual report on Form 10-K. From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations upon adoption. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments , which requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect collectability. This ASU also eliminates the concept of “other-than-temporary” impairment when evaluating available-for-sale debt securities and instead focuses on determining whether any impairment is a result of a credit loss or other factors. An entity will recognize an allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities rather than an other-than-temporary impairment that reduces the cost basis of the investment. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this standard on its financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 in Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. ASU 2019-12 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect ASU 2019-12 to have a material effect on the Company’s current financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosures. |