Expenses
Total expenses before expense reimbursement and incentive fee waiver for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 were $595 thousand and $725 thousand, consisting primarily of income based incentive fees, custodian and accounting fees, trustees’ fees, pricing fees, professional fees, transfer agent’s fees and expenses, shareholder’s reports and other general and administrative fees.
Total expenses before expense reimbursement for the period from commencement of operations on December 13, 2022 to December 31, 2022 were $92 thousand, consisting primarily of custodian and accounting fees, professional fees, and other general and administrative fees.
The expense reimbursement amount represents the amount of expenses waived by the Manager in accordance with the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Fund accrued income based incentive fees of $185 thousand and $185 thousand, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager.
Net realized gain (loss) and Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Fund reported realized gains (losses) from foreign currency transactions of $(5) thousand and $7 thousand, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Fund reported a realized loss from forward currency contracts of $8 thousand and $8 thousand, respectively.
The Fund recorded a net change in unrealized appreciation of $59 thousand and $122 thousand, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, which reflects the net change in fair value of the investment portfolio relative to its cost basis over the period, forward currency contract transactions and foreign currency transactions.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our liquidity and capital resources are expected to be generated primarily through the net proceeds of our offering of the Fund’s Common Shares, any financing arrangements we may enter into in the future, and cash flows from operations, including investments sales and repayments and income earned from investments and cash equivalents. The primary uses of cash have been investments in portfolio companies and other general corporate purposes.
Our primary uses of cash are expected to be for investments in portfolio companies and other investments, distributions to our shareholders, for operational costs such as paying management and incentive fees, custodian and accounting fees and for the cost of any borrowings or financing arrangements.
Pursuant to an Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement, for three years from effectiveness of the Fund’s registration statement (the “ELRA Period”), the Manager has contractually agreed to waive its fees and/or reimburse expenses of the Fund so that the Fund’s Specified Expenses (as defined below) will not exceed 0.50% of net assets (annualized). The Fund has agreed to repay these amounts, when and if requested by the Manager, but only if and to the extent that Specified Expenses are less than 0.50% of net assets (annualized) (or, if a lower expense limit is then in effect, such lower limit) within three years after the date the Manager waived or reimbursed such fees or expenses. This arrangement cannot be terminated without the consent of the Fund’s Board prior to the end of the ELRA Period. “Specified Expenses” includes all expenses incurred in the business of the Fund, including organizational and offering costs (excluding the organizational and offering expenses relating to the initial sale of Class S, Class D and Class I Common Shares), with the following exceptions: (i) the management fee, (ii) the incentive fee, (iii) the shareholder servicing and/or distribution fee, (iv) brokerage costs or other investment-related out-of-pocket expenses, (v) dividend/ interest payments (including any dividend payments, interest expenses, commitment fees, or other expenses related to any leverage incurred by the Fund), (vi) taxes, and (vii) extraordinary expenses (as determined in the sole discretion of the Manager). Prior to the Fund’s election of BDC status, the Manager has agreed to voluntarily enact the above-described expense limitation.
As of June 30, 2023, we had $37.2 million in cash and cash equivalents, including foreign currency. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, cash used in operating activities was $63.4 million, primarily as a result of purchasing portfolio investments of $66.9 million, partially offset by proceeds from repayment of investments of $1.0 million. Cash provided by financing activities was $97.4 million, primarily as a result of proceeds from issuance of Common Shares.