Investment Income
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, investment income was $5.0 million and $12.5 million, respectively, all of which was attributable to interest and fees on our debt investments, dividend income and fee income. The increase in investment income from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to an increase of $53.0 million and $85.4 million, respectively, aggregate principal amount of new investments acquired during the period.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, investment income was $3.1 million and $6.3 million, respectively, all of which was attributable to interest and fees on our debt investments and dividend income.
Expenses
Total expenses before expense reimbursement and incentive and management fee waivers for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $2.2 million and $6.1 million, respectively, consisting primarily of professional fees, income based incentive fees, capital gains incentive fees, blue sky fees management fees, custodian and accounting fees, trustees’ fees, transfer agent’s fees and expenses, interest expense, pricing fees, shareholder’s reports, and other general and administrative fees. The increase in total expenses from the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily related to an increase in professional fees, interest expenses, management and incentive fees due to an increased cost of servicing a larger investment portfolio.
Total expenses before expense reimbursement and incentive fee waiver for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $1.5 million and $2.2 million, consisting primarily of income based incentive fees, custodian and accounting fees, trustees’ fees, pricing fees, professional fees, transfer agent’s fees and expenses, shareholder’s reports and other general and administrative fees.
The expense reimbursement amount represents the amount of expenses waived by the Manager in accordance with the Expense Limitation and Reimbursement Agreement.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company accrued income based incentive fees of $254 thousand and $692 thousand, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company accrued income based incentive fees of $212 thousand and $397 thousand, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company accrued capital gains incentive fees of $(3) thousand and $66 thousand, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no capital gains incentive fees recorded by the Company. As of September 30, 2024, there were no capital gains incentive fees payable by the Company.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company accrued management fees of $364 thousand and $1,049 thousand, respectively, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company accrued management fees of $118 thousand, all of which were subject to waiver by the Manager. As of September 30, 2024, there were no management fees payable by the Company.
Income Taxes, Including Excise Taxes
The Company elected to be treated as a RIC under the Code. To qualify for and maintain qualification as a RIC, the Company must, among other things, meet certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements. In addition, to qualify for RIC tax treatment, the Company must distribute to its shareholders, for each taxable year, at least 90% of the sum of (i) its “investment company taxable income” for that year (without regard to the deduction for dividends paid), which is generally its ordinary income plus the excess, if any, of its realized net short-term capital gains over its realized net long- term capital losses and (ii) its net tax-exempt income. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its shareholders as dividends. Rather, any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by the Company would represent obligations of the Company’s shareholders and would not be reflected in the financial statements of the Company.