UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________.
Commission File No. 1-8269
OMNICARE, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware | 31-1001351 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
OMNICARE, INC.
1600 RIVERCENTER II
100 EAST RIVERCENTER BOULEVARD
COVINGTON, KENTUCKY 41011
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
859-392-3300
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | | Name of Each Exchange on which Registered |
Common Stock ($1.00 Par Value) | New York Stock Exchange |
4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable | |
| Securities issued by Omnicare Capital Trust I and |
guaranteed by Omnicare, Inc. | New York Stock Exchange |
Series B 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity | |
| Redeemable Securities issued by Omnicare Capital |
Trust II and guaranteed by Omnicare, Inc. | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes o No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).Yes o No x
Aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting stock held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price of said stock on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Transaction Listing on the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (i.e., June 30, 2009) ($25.76 per share): $2,985,243,000.
As of January 29, 2010, the registrant had 120,280,652 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of Omnicare, Inc.’s (“Omnicare”, the “Company” or the “Registrant”) definitive Proxy Statement for its 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be held May 25, 2010, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report. Definitive copies of Omnicare’s 2010 Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the end of the Company’s fiscal year.
OMNICARE, INC.
2009 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
Item 1. | Business | 4 |
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 29 |
Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | 43 |
Item 2. | Properties | 44 |
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 45 |
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 49 |
| Additional Item - Executive Officers of the Company | 49 |
PART II
Item 5. | Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 51 |
Item 6. | Selected Financial Data | 53 |
Item 7. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 56 |
Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 95 |
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 96 |
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 169 |
Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | 169 |
Item 9B. | Other Information | 170 |
PART III
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 170 |
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 170 |
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | 171 |
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 171 |
Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 171 |
PART IV
Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 172 |
As used in this document, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, the terms “Omnicare,” “Company,” “its,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Omnicare, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
PART I
ITEM 1. – BUSINESS
Background
Omnicare was formed in 1981. Today, Omnicare is a leading pharmaceutical services company. We are the nation’s largest provider of pharmaceuticals and related pharmacy and ancillary services to long-term healthcare institutions. Our clients include primarily skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), assisted living facilities (“ALFs”), retirement centers, independent living communities, hospitals, hospice, and other healthcare settings and service providers. Omnicare is also a provider of specialty pharmaceutical products and support services. Omnicare provides its pharmacy services to long-term care facilities as well as chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,377,000 beds, including approximately 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy services business. The comparable number at December 31, 2008 was approximately 1,390,000 (including 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of the specialty pharmacy services business). We provide our pharmacy services in 47 states in the United States (“U.S.”), the District of Columbia and in Canada at December 31, 2009. As well, Omnicare provides operational software and support systems to long-term care pharmacy providers across the United States. Omnicare’s contract research organization provides comprehensive product development and research services for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostic industries in 31 countries worldwide.
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses (“the disposal group”) that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture.
We operate in two business segments. The Company’s primary line of business, Pharmacy Services, provides distribution of pharmaceuticals, related pharmacy consulting and other ancillary services, data management services and medical supplies to SNFs, ALFs, retirement centers, independent living communities, hospitals, hospice, and other healthcare settings and service providers. Pharmacy Services purchases, repackages and dispenses pharmaceuticals, both prescription and non-prescription, and provides computerized medical record-keeping and third-party billing for residents in these facilities. We also provide consultant pharmacist services, including evaluating monthly patient drug therapy, monitoring the drug distribution system within the nursing facility, assisting in compliance with state and federal regulations and providing proprietary clinical and health management programs. In addition, our Pharmacy Services segment provides a variety of other products and services, including intravenous medications and nutrition products (infusion therapy services), respiratory therapy services, medical supplies and equipment, clinical care planning and financial software information systems, electronic medical records systems, pharmaceutical informatics services, pharmacy benefit management services, retail and mail-order pharmacy services, pharmaceutical care management for hospice agencies and product support and distribution services for specialty pharmaceutical manufacturers. We also provide pharmaceutical case management services for retirees, employees and dependents who have drug benefits under corporate-sponsored healthcare programs. Since 1989, we have been involved in a program to acquire providers of pharmaceutical products and related pharmacy management services and medical supplies to long-term care facilities and their residents. Additional information regarding acquisitions is presented at the “Acquisitions” note of the Notes to our 2009 Consolidated Financial Statements, included at Item 8 of this Filing. The Pharmacy Services segment has no operating locations outside of the U.S. and Canada. The Pharmacy Services segment comprised approximately 97% of the Company’s total net sales during each of the three years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Our other business segment is contract research organization services (“CRO Services”). CRO Services is a leading international provider of comprehensive product development and research services to client companies in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostics industries. Our CRO Services segment provides support for the design of regulatory strategy and clinical development of pharmaceuticals by offering individual, multiple, or comprehensive and fully integrated services including clinical, quality assurance, data management, medical writing and regulatory support for our client’s drug development programs. As of December 31, 2009, our CRO Services segment operated in 31 countries around the world. The CRO Services segment comprised approximately 3% of the Company’s total net sales during each of the three years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Financial information regarding our business segments is presented at the “Segment Information” note of the Notes to our 2009 Consolidated Financial Statements, included at Item 8 of this Filing.
Pharmacy Services
We purchase, repackage and dispense prescription and non-prescription medication in accordance with physician orders and deliver such prescriptions to long-term care facilities for administration to individual residents by the facilities’ nursing staff. We service long-term care facilities typically within a radius of approximately 150 miles of our pharmacy locations and maintain a 24-hour, seven-day per week, on-call pharmacist service for emergency dispensing and delivery, and for consultation with the facility's staff or attending physician.
Upon receipt of a prescription, the relevant resident information is entered into our computerized dispensing and billing systems. At that time, the dispensing system checks the prescription for any potentially adverse drug interactions, duplicative therapy or resident sensitivity. When required and/or specifically requested by the physician or patient, branded drugs are dispensed, and generic drugs are substituted in accordance with applicable state and federal laws as requested by the physician or resident. Subject to physician approval and oversight, and in accordance with our pharmaceutical care guidelines, we also provide for patient-specific therapeutic interchange of more efficacious and/or safer drugs for those presently being prescribed. See "The Omnicare Geriatric Pharmaceutical Care Guidelines®" below for further discussion.
We utilize a unit-of-use drug distribution system. This means that our prescriptions are packaged for dispensing in individual doses. This differs from prescriptions filled by retail pharmacies, which typically are dispensed in vials or other bulk packaging requiring measurement of each dose by or for the patient. Our delivery system is intended to improve control over pharmaceutical distribution and patient compliance with drug therapy by increasing the accuracy and timeliness of drug administration.
In conjunction with our drug distribution system, our computerized record keeping/documentation system is designed to result in greater efficiency in nursing time, improved control and reduced waste in client facilities, and lower error rates in both dispensing and administration. We also furnish intravenous administration of medication and nutrition therapy and respiratory therapy services, medical supplies and equipment and clinical care planning and software support systems. We believe we distinguish ourselves from many of our competitors by also providing proprietary clinical programs. For example, we have developed a ranking of drugs based on their relative clinical effectiveness for the elderly and by cost to the payor. We use these rankings, which we call the Omnicare Geriatric Pharmaceutical Care Guidelines®, or Omnicare Guidelines®, to more effectively manage patient care and costs. In addition, we provide health and outcomes management programs for the large base of elderly residents of the long-term facilities we serve.
Consultant Pharmacist Services
Federal and state regulations mandate that long-term care facilities, in addition to providing a source of pharmaceuticals, retain consultant pharmacist services to monitor and report on prescription drug therapy in order to maintain and improve the quality of resident care. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 ("OBRA of 1987") implemented in 1990 sought to further upgrade and standardize care by setting forth more stringent standards relating to planning, monitoring and reporting on the progress of prescription drug therapy, as well as overall drug usage. In addition, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) issued revised guidelines to surveyors of long-term care facilities which, effective December 18, 2006, expanded the scope and detail in which surveyors are assessing pharmacy services at facilities, including consultant pharmacy services (discussed later herein). We provide consultant pharmacist services, which help clients comply with the federal and state regulations applicable to nursing homes. The services offered by our consultant pharmacists include:
· | monthly medication regimen reviews for each resident in the facility to assess the appropriateness and effectiveness of drug therapies, including a review of the resident's current medication usage, monitoring drug reactions to other drugs or food, monitoring lab results and recommending alternate therapies, dosing adjustments or discontinuing unnecessary drugs; |
· | monitoring and monthly reporting on the appropriateness of drug usage; |
· | participation on the pharmacy and therapeutics, quality assurance and other committees of client facilities, as well as periodic involvement in staff meetings; |
· | development and maintenance of pharmaceutical policy and procedures manuals; and |
· | assistance to the nursing facility in complying with state and federal regulations as they pertain to drug use. |
We have also developed a proprietary software system for use by our consultant pharmacists. The system, called OSC2OR® (Omnicare System of Clinical and Cost Outcomes Retrieval), enables our pharmacists not only to perform their functions more efficiently, but also provides the platform for consistent data retrieval for health and outcomes management.
Additionally, we offer specialized consulting services, which help long-term care facilities enhance care and reduce and contain costs, as well as to comply with state and federal regulations. Under these consulting services, we offer:
· | data required for OBRA and other regulatory purposes, including reports on usage of chemical restraints known as psychotropic drugs, antibiotic usage (infection control) and other drug usage; |
· | contribution to plan of care programs, which assess each patient's state of health upon admission and monitor progress and outcomes using data on drug usage as well as dietary, physical therapy and social service inputs; |
· | counseling related to appropriate drug usage and implementation of drug protocols; |
· | on-site educational seminars for the nursing facility staff on topics such as drug information relating to clinical indications, adverse drug reactions, drug protocols and special geriatric considerations in drug therapy, and information and training on intravenous drug therapy and updates on OBRA and other regulatory compliance issues; and |
· | nurse consultant services and consulting for dietary and medical records. |
The Omnicare Geriatric Pharmaceutical Care Guidelines®
In June 1994, to enhance the pharmaceutical care management services that we offer, Omnicare introduced to our client facilities and their attending physicians the Omnicare Geriatric Pharmaceutical Care Guidelines® (“Omnicare Guidelines®”). We believe the Omnicare Guidelines® is the first drug formulary ranking drugs by disease state according to their clinical effectiveness independent of their cost, specifically designed for the elderly residing in long-term care institutions and the community. The Omnicare Guidelines® ranks drugs used for specific diseases as preferred, acceptable or unacceptable based solely on their disease-specific clinical effectiveness in treating the elderly. The Omnicare Guidelines® takes into account such factors as pharmacology, safety and toxicity, efficacy, drug administration, quality of life and other considerations specific to the frail elderly population residing in facilities and for those living independently. The clinical evaluations and rankings are developed exclusively for us by the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (formerly the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy), an academic institution recognized for its expertise in geriatric long-term care. The Omnicare Guidelines® is extensively reviewed and updated at least annually by the University of Sciences in Philadelphia, taking into account, among other factors, the latest advances as documented in the medical literature. In addition, the Omnicare Guidelines® provides relative cost information comparing the prices of the drugs to patients, their insurers or other payors of the pharmacy bill.
As the Omnicare Guidelines® focuses on health benefits, rather than solely on cost, we believe that use of the Omnicare Guidelines® assists physicians in making the best clinical choices of drug therapy for the patient in a manner that is cost efficient for the payor of the pharmacy bill. Accordingly, we believe that the development of and compliance with the Omnicare Guidelines® is important in lowering costs for SNFs operating under the federal government’s Prospective Payment System (“PPS”), Prescription Drug Plans under Medicare Part D (see further discussion in this Filing, including the “Government Regulation” caption below), and state Medicaid programs, managed care and other payors, including residents or their families.
Health and Outcomes Management
We have expanded upon the data in the Omnicare Guidelines® to develop health and outcomes management programs targeted at major categories of disease commonly found in the elderly, such as congestive heart failure, stroke prevention, Alzheimer’s disease, fracture prevention and pain management. These programs seek to identify patients who may be candidates for more clinically efficacious drug therapy and to work with physicians to optimize pharmaceutical care for these geriatric patients. We believe these programs can enhance the quality of care of elderly patients while reducing costs to the healthcare system, which arise from the adverse outcomes of sub-optimal or inappropriate drug therapy.
Outcomes-Based Algorithm Technology
Combining data provided by our proprietary systems, the Omnicare Guidelines® and health management programs, our pharmacists seek to determine the best clinical and most cost-effective drug therapies and make recommendations for the most appropriate pharmaceutical treatment. Since late 1997, we have augmented their efforts with the development of proprietary, computerized, database-driven technology that electronically screens and identifies patients at risk for particular diseases and assists in determining treatment protocols. This system combines pharmaceutical, clinical and care planning data and screens the data utilizing algorithms derived from medical best practice standards, allowing our pharmacists to make recommendations to improve the effectiveness of drug therapy in seniors, including identifying potentially underdiagnosed and undertreated conditions. We offer similar evidenced-based predictive modeling technology to assist hospice agencies in the management of pharmaceutical care for their patients.
Pharmaceutical Case Management
Combining our clinical resources, including the Omnicare Guidelines® health and outcomes management programs and our comprehensive database of medical and pharmacy data, we are providing pharmaceutical case management services to community dwelling retirees, employees and dependents who receive drug benefits under employer-sponsored healthcare programs. Because seniors living independently are often under the care of multiple practitioners with no coordination of prescribing, this population is highly susceptible to drug-related problems. Omnicare Senior Health Outcomes addresses this need through programs designed to reduce unnecessary and inappropriate drug use, to add necessary drug therapy according to current practice standards for certain at-risk groups and to make therapeutic interventions in accordance with the Omnicare Guidelines® and health management programs. These services are provided on behalf of large corporate employers sponsoring healthcare benefits, including prescription drug benefits, that seek to protect the safety and quality of healthcare for their retirees, employees and dependents while containing or reducing their costs.
Ancillary Services
We provide the following ancillary products and services:
Infusion Therapy Products and Services. With cost containment pressures in healthcare, SNFs and nursing facilities (“NFs”) are increasingly called upon to treat patients requiring a high degree of medical care and who would otherwise be treated in the more costly hospital environment. We provide intravenous (or infusion therapy) products and services for these client facilities as well as hospice and home care patients. Infusion therapy consists of the product (a nutrient, antibiotic, chemotherapy or other drugs in solution) and the intravenous administration of the product.
We prepare the product to be administered using proper equipment in an aseptic environment and then deliver the product to the nursing home for administration by the nursing staff. Proper administration of intravenous ("IV") drug therapy requires a highly trained nursing staff. Upon request, our consultant pharmacists and nurse consultants provide an education and certification program on IV therapy to assure proper staff training and compliance with regulatory requirements in client facilities offering an IV therapy program.
By providing an infusion therapy program, we enable our client SNFs and NFs to admit and retain patients who otherwise would need to be cared for in a hospital or another type of acute-care facility. The most common infusion therapies we provide are total parenteral nutrition, which provides nutrients intravenously to patients with chronic digestive or gastro-intestinal problems, antibiotic therapy, chemotherapy, pain management and hydration.
Wholesale Medical Supplies/Medicare Part B Billing. We distribute disposable medical supplies, including urological, ostomy, nutritional support and wound care products and other disposables needed in the nursing home environment. In addition, we bill Medicare directly for certain of these product lines for patients eligible under the Medicare Part B program. As part of this service, we determine patient eligibility, obtain certifications, order products and maintain inventory at the nursing facility. We also contract to act as billing agent for certain nursing homes that supply these products directly to the patient.
Other Services. We provide clinical care plan, financial software and electronic medical records systems for long-term care facilities, as well as operational software systems for long-term care pharmacies. We provide comprehensive pharmaceutical care services for hospice patients. We also offer respiratory therapy products, durable medical equipment along with pharmacy benefit management, retail and mail-order pharmacy services, and distribution and product support services for specialty pharmaceuticals. We also have a pharmaceutical informatics service to capitalize on our unique geriatric pharmaceutical database, by providing a unique offering of Omnicare’s broad-based long-term care data to augment the pharmaceutical industry’s ability to monitor performance in the long-term care channel. We continue to review the expansion of these as well as other products and services that may further enhance the Company’s ability or that of its clients to provide quality healthcare services for their patients in a cost-effective manner.
Contract Research Organization
Our CRO Services segment provides comprehensive product development and research services globally to client companies in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostics industries. CRO Services provides support for the design of regulatory strategy and clinical development (phases I through IV) of pharmaceuticals by offering individual, multiple, or comprehensive and fully integrated services including project management, clinical monitoring, quality assurance, data management, statistical analysis medical writing and regulatory support for our clients' drug development programs. As of December 31, 2009, the CRO Services segment operated in 31 countries, including the U.S.
We believe that our involvement in the CRO business is a logical adjunct to our pharmacy business and serves to leverage our assets and strengths, including our access to a large geriatric population and our ability to appropriately collect data for health and outcomes management. We believe such assets and strengths can be of value in developing new drugs targeted at diseases of the elderly and in meeting the Food and Drug Administration's (“FDA’s”) geriatric dosing and labeling requirements for all prescription drugs provided to the elderly, as well as in documenting health outcomes to payors and plan sponsors in a managed care environment.
Product and Market Development
Our Pharmacy Services and CRO Services businesses engage in a continuing program for the development of new services and for marketing these services. While new service and new market development are important factors for the growth of these businesses, we do not expect that any new service or marketing efforts, including those in the developmental stage, will require the investment of a significant portion of our assets.
Materials/Supply
We purchase pharmaceuticals through a wholesale distributor with whom we have a prime vendor contract at prices based primarily upon contracts negotiated by us directly with pharmaceutical manufacturers. We also are a member of industry buying groups, which contract with manufacturers for discounted prices. We have numerous sources of supply available to us, including buying directly from manufacturers in certain cases, and have not experienced any difficulty in obtaining pharmaceuticals or other products and supplies used in the conduct of our business.
Patents, Trademarks, and Licenses
Our business operations are not dependent upon any material patents, trademarks or licenses (see further discussion of licenses in the “Government Regulation” caption below).
Seasonality
Our business operations are not significantly impacted by seasonality.
Inventories
We seek to maintain adequate on-site inventories of pharmaceuticals and supplies to ensure prompt delivery service to our customers. Our primary wholesale distributor also maintains local warehousing in most major geographic markets in which we operate.
Competition
The long-term care pharmacy business is highly regional or local in nature and, within a given geographic area of operations, highly competitive. We are the nation's largest provider of pharmaceuticals and related pharmacy services to long-term care institutions such as SNFs, NFs, ALFs, retirement centers and other institutional healthcare facilities. Our largest competitor nationally is PharMerica Corporation. In the geographic regions we serve, we also compete with numerous local and regional institutional pharmacies, pharmacies owned by long-term care facilities and local retail pharmacies. We compete in these markets on the basis of quality, price, terms and overall cost-effectiveness, along with the clinical expertise, breadth of services, technology and professional support we offer.
Our CRO Services business competes against other full-service CROs and client internal resources. The CRO industry is highly fragmented with a number of full-service CROs and many small, limited-service providers, some of which serve only local markets. Clients choose a CRO based on, among other reasons, reputation, references from existing clients, the client's relationship with the CRO, the CRO's experience with the particular type of project and/or therapeutic area of clinical development, the CRO's ability to add value to the client's development plan, the CRO's financial stability and the CRO's ability to provide the full range of services on a global basis as required by the client. We believe that we compete favorably in these respects.
Backlog
Backlog is not a relevant factor in our Pharmacy Services segment since this segment’s products and services are sold promptly on an as-ordered basis.
Our CRO Services segment reports backlog based on anticipated net revenue for services or projects, yet to be provided, that have been authorized by the customer through signed contracts, letter agreements and certain verbal commitments. Once work begins on a project, net revenue is recognized as the work is completed. Using this method of reporting backlog, at December 31, 2009, backlog was approximately $205.3 million, as compared with approximately $302.9 million at December 31, 2008. Backlog may not be a consistent indicator of future results of our CRO Services segment because it can be affected by a number of factors, including the variable size and duration of projects, many of which are performed over several years. Additionally, projects may be delayed or terminated by the customer, or indirectly delayed by regulatory authorities. Moreover, the scope of work can be increased or decreased during the course of a project.
Customers
At December 31, 2009, our Pharmacy Services segment served long-term care facilities and other chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,377,000 beds, including approximately 68,000 served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy business, in 47 states in the U.S., the District of Columbia and in Canada.
Our CRO Services segment operates in 31 countries, including the U.S., and serves a broad range of clients, including many of the major multi-national pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as smaller companies in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical and medical devices industries.
No single customer comprised more than 10% of consolidated revenues in 2009, 2008 or 2007.
Financial information with respect to geographic location is presented at the “Segment Information” note of the Notes to our 2009 Consolidated Financial Statements, included at Item 8 of this Filing.
Government Regulation
Institutional pharmacies, as well as the long-term care facilities they serve, are subject to extensive federal, state and local regulation. These regulations cover required qualifications, day-to-day operations, reimbursement and the documentation of activities. In addition, our CRO Services are subject to substantial regulation, both domestically and abroad. We continuously monitor the effects of regulatory activity on our operations.
Licensure, Certification and Regulation. States generally require that companies operating a pharmacy within the state be licensed by the state board of pharmacy. At December 31, 2009, we had pharmacy licenses, or pending applications, for each pharmacy we operate. In addition, many states regulate out-of-state pharmacies as a condition to the delivery of prescription products to patients in their states. Our pharmacies hold the requisite licenses applicable in these states. In addition, our pharmacies are registered with the appropriate state and federal authorities pursuant to statutes governing the regulation of controlled substances.
Client long-term care facilities are also separately required to be licensed in the states in which they operate and, if serving Medicaid or Medicare patients, must be certified to be in compliance with applicable program participation requirements. Client facilities are also subject to the nursing home reforms of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 (“OBRA of 1987”), as amended, which imposed strict compliance standards relating to quality of care for nursing home operations, including vastly increased documentation and reporting requirements. In addition, pharmacists, nurses and other healthcare professionals who provide services on our behalf are in most cases required to obtain and maintain professional licenses and are subject to state regulation regarding professional standards of conduct.
Federal and State Laws Affecting the Repackaging, Labeling and Interstate Shipping of Drugs. Federal and state laws impose certain registration, repackaging and labeling requirements on entities that repackage drugs for distribution, other than pharmacies that repackage in the regular practice of dispensing or selling drugs directly to patients. A drug repackager must register with the FDA as a repacker, and with the relevant states as a drug wholesaler and/or repackager. A drug repackager is subject to FDA inspection for compliance with relevant Current Good Manufacturing Practices ("CGMPs"). We hold all required registrations and licenses, and we believe our ongoing repackaging operations are in substantial compliance with applicable federal CGMP requirements and state wholesaler requirements. In addition, we believe we comply with all relevant requirements of state and federal laws for the transfer and shipment of pharmaceuticals.
Drug Pedigree Regulations. Federal and state laws impose "drug pedigree" regulations on wholesale distributors. These regulations, in certain circumstances, require the wholesale drug distributor to maintain, and provide to pharmacies, a history of the transactions in the chain of distribution of a given drug lot from the manufacturer to the pharmacy. Effective December 2006, the FDA has implemented pedigree regulations pursuant to the Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1987, as amended by the Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1992. In early December 2006, the federal District Court for the Eastern District of New York issued a preliminary injunction, enjoining the implementation of certain of the FDA pedigree regulations, in response to a case initiated by secondary distributors. The federal Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed this injunction on July 10, 2008. On December 18, 2008, the parties filed a joint motion to stay discovery based upon a bill pending in Congress that if passed would have rendered the issues in the case moot. The parties also agreed to an administrative closing of the file until December 31, 2009. In late December 2009, the parties extended this administrative closing until at least September 30, 2010; however, either party may re-open the file at any time before this date. We cannot predict the ultimate outcome of this legal proceeding or potential Congressional action in this area. In addition, it is anticipated that other states will enact drug pedigree requirements in the future. Supply chain laws and regulations could increase the overall regulatory burden and costs associated with our distribution business and could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. We believe we are in compliance with federal and state regulations currently in effect. These regulations, however, may be interpreted in the future in a manner inconsistent with our interpretation and application.
State Laws Affecting Access to Services. Some states have enacted "freedom of choice" or "any willing provider" requirements as part of their state Medicaid programs or in separate legislation. These laws may preclude a nursing facility from requiring their patients to purchase pharmacy or other ancillary medical services or supplies from particular providers that deal with the nursing home. Limitations such as these may increase the competition which we face in providing services to nursing facility residents.
Medicare and Medicaid. The long-term care pharmacy business has long operated under regulatory and cost containment pressures from state and federal legislation primarily affecting Medicaid and, to a lesser extent until 2006, Medicare. We had historically received reimbursement from the Medicaid and Medicare programs, directly from individual residents or their responsible parties (private pay), long-term care facilities and from other payors such as third-party insurers. Effective January 1, 2006, Omnicare experienced a significant shift in payor mix as a result of the prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D (“Part D”).
The table below represents our approximated payor mix (as a % of annual sales) for the last three years ended December 31,:
| | | | | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
Private pay, third-party and facilities (a) | | | | 42% | | 43% | | 42% |
Federal Medicare program (Part D & Part B) (b) | | | | 44% | | 42% | | 43% |
State Medicaid programs | | | | | 9% | | 10% | | 11% |
Other sources (c) | | | | | 5% | | 5% | | 4% |
| Totals | | | | | 100% | | 100% | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | Includes payments from SNFs on behalf of their federal Medicare program-eligible residents (Medicare |
| Part A) and for other services and supplies, as well as payments from third-party insurers and private pay. |
(b) | Includes direct billing for medical supplies under Part B totaling 1% in each of the 2009, 2008 and 2007 |
| years. | | | | | | | | | |
(c) | Includes our contract research organization. | | | | | | | |
For those patients who are not covered by government-sponsored programs or private insurance, we generally directly bill the patient or the patient's responsible party on a monthly basis. Depending upon local market practices, we may alternatively bill private patients through the nursing facility. Pricing for private pay patients is based on prevailing regional market rates or "usual and customary" charges.
The Medicaid program is a cooperative federal-state program designed to enable states to provide medical assistance to aged, blind or disabled individuals or members of families with dependent children whose income and resources are insufficient to meet the costs of necessary medical services. State participation in the Medicaid program is voluntary. To become eligible to receive federal funds, a state must submit a Medicaid "state plan" to the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) for approval. The federal Medicaid statute specifies a variety of requirements which the state plan must meet, including requirements relating to eligibility, coverage of services, payment and administration. We are participating in state Medicaid programs.
Federal law and regulations contain a variety of requirements relating to the furnishing of prescription drugs under Medicaid. First, states are given authority, subject to certain standards, to limit or specify conditions for the coverage of particular drugs. Second, federal Medicaid law establishes standards affecting pharmacy practice. These standards include general requirements relating to patient counseling and drug utilization review and more specific standards for SNFs and NFs relating to drug regimen reviews for Medicaid patients in such facilities. Third, federal regulations impose certain requirements relating to reimbursement for prescription drugs furnished to Medicaid patients. Among other things, regulations establish "upper limits" on payment levels. Legislation enacted in February 2006 changed the calculation of these so-called upper limits (see below). In addition to requirements imposed by federal law, states have substantial discretion to determine administrative, coverage, eligibility and payment policies under their state Medicaid programs that may affect our operations.
On December 18, 2006, CMS issued final updated Guidance to Surveyors on Long Term Care regarding the survey protocol for review of pharmacy services provided in long-term care facilities participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The guidelines expanded the areas and detail in which surveyors assess pharmacy services at the facility, including ordering, acquiring, receiving, storing, labeling, dispensing and disposing of all medications at the facility; the provision of medication-related information to health care professionals and residents; the process of identifying and addressing medication-related issues through medication regimen reviews and collaboration between the licensed consultant pharmacist, the facility and other healthcare professionals; and the provision, monitoring and use of medication-related devices. The guidelines also emphasize the important role of consultative services of pharmacists in promoting safe and effective medication use through the coordination of all aspects of pharmacy services provided to all residents within a facility.
The Medicare program is a federally funded and administered health insurance program for individuals age 65 and over, or who are disabled. The Medicare program currently consists of four parts: Medicare Part A, which covers, among other things, inpatient hospital, SNF, home healthcare and certain other types of healthcare services; Medicare Part B, which covers physicians' services, outpatient services, items and services provided by medical suppliers, and a limited number of specifically designated prescription drugs; Medicare Part C, established by the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (“BBA”), which generally allows beneficiaries to enroll in managed care programs instead of the traditional Medicare fee for service program; and Medicare Part D, established by the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (“MMA”), which established a prescription drug benefit that became effective on January 1, 2006 (discussed below).
The Medicare program establishes requirements for participation by providers and suppliers. Pharmacies are not subject to such certification requirements. SNFs and suppliers of medical equipment and supplies, however, including our supplier operations, are subject to specified standards. Failure to comply with these requirements and standards may adversely affect an entity's ability to participate in the Medicare program and receive reimbursement for services provided to Medicare beneficiaries.
Medicare and Medicaid providers and suppliers are subject to inquiries or audits to evaluate their compliance with requirements and standards set forth under these government-sponsored programs. These audits and inquiries, as well as our own internal compliance program, from time-to-time have identified overpayments and other billing errors resulting in repayment or self-reporting to the applicable agency. We believe that our billing practices materially comply with applicable state and federal requirements. However, the requirements may be interpreted in the future in a manner inconsistent with our interpretation and application.
The Medicare and Medicaid programs are subject to statutory and regulatory changes, retroactive and prospective rate adjustments, administrative rulings, executive orders and freezes and funding reductions, all of which may adversely affect our business. Payments for pharmaceutical supplies and services under the Medicare and Medicaid programs may not continue to be based on current methodologies or remain comparable to present levels. In this regard, we may be subject to payment reductions as a result of federal budgetary or other legislation related to the Medicare and Medicaid programs. In addition, numerous state governments are experiencing budgetary pressures that may result in Medicaid payment reductions and delays in payment to us or our customer nursing facilities.
In addition, if we or our client facilities fail to comply with applicable reimbursement regulations, even if inadvertently, our business could be adversely impacted. Additionally, changes in reimbursement programs or in regulations related thereto, such as reductions in the allowable reimbursement levels, modifications in the timing or processing of payments and other changes intended to limit or decrease the growth of Medicaid and Medicare expenditures, could adversely affect our business.
Referral Restrictions. We have to comply with federal and state laws which govern financial and other arrangements between healthcare providers. These laws include the federal anti-kickback statute, which prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying any remuneration directly or indirectly in return for or to induce the referral of an individual to a person for the furnishing of any item or service for which payment may be made in whole or in part under federal healthcare programs. We are also subject to the federal physician self-referral statute, which prohibits physicians from referring Medicare and Medicaid patients for certain “designated health services,” including outpatient prescription drugs, durable medical equipment, and enteral supplies and equipment to an entity if the referring physician (or a member of the physician’s immediate family) has a “financial relationship,” through ownership or compensation, with the entity. Many states have enacted similar statutes which are not necessarily limited to items and services for which payment is made by federal healthcare programs. Violations of these laws may result in fines, imprisonment, denial of payment for services, and exclusion from the federal programs and/or other state-funded programs.
Other provisions in the Social Security Act and in other federal and state laws authorize the imposition of penalties, including criminal and civil fines and exclusions from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs for false claims, improper billing and other offenses.
In addition, a number of states have undertaken enforcement actions against pharmaceutical manufacturers involving pharmaceutical marketing programs, including programs containing incentives to pharmacists to dispense one particular product rather than another. These enforcement actions arose under state consumer protection laws which generally prohibit false advertising, deceptive trade practices, and the like.
We believe our contract arrangements with other healthcare providers, our pharmaceutical suppliers and our pharmacy practices are in compliance with applicable federal and state laws. These laws may, however, be interpreted in the future in a manner inconsistent with our interpretation and application.
Healthcare Reform and Federal Budget Legislation. Over the years, federal legislation has resulted in major changes in the healthcare system, which significantly affected healthcare providers. In 1997 Congress mandated a prospective payment system (“PPS”) for reimbursement to skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”) for their Medicare-eligible residents during a Medicare Part A-covered stay. Under PPS, Medicare pays SNFs a fixed fee per patient per day based upon the acuity level of the resident, covering substantially all items and services, including pharmacy services. PPS initially resulted in a significant reduction of reimbursement to SNFs. Although some of the reductions were subsequently mitigated, the PPS fundamentally changed the payment for Medicare SNF services.
In recent years, SNFs have received the full market basket inflation increase to annual rates. For fiscal year 2009, beginning October 1, 2008, SNFs received a 3.4 percent inflation update that increased overall payments to SNFs by $780 million. However, for fiscal year 2010, beginning on October 1, 2009, payments to SNFs were reduced by 1.1 percent, or by $360 million to SNFs overall, compared to fiscal year 2009 levels. While the payment levels reflect a 2.2 percent market basket inflation update, that amount was more than offset by a 3.3 percent ($1.050 billion) adjustment intended to recalibrate case mix weights to compensate for increased expenditures resulting from refinements made in January 2006. These or other reimbursement changes could have an adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company’s SNF clients, which, in turn, could adversely affect the timing or level of their payments to Omnicare.
In December 2003, Congress enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (“MMA”), which included a major expansion of the Medicare prescription drug benefit under a new Medicare Part D.
The Part D drug benefit permits Medicare beneficiaries to enroll in prescription drug plans offered by private entities which provide coverage of outpatient prescription drugs (collectively, “Part D Plans”). Part D Plans include plans providing the drug benefit on a stand-alone basis (known as “prescription drug plans”, or “PDPs”) and Medicare Advantage plans providing drug coverage as a supplement to an existing medical benefit under that Medicare Advantage plan (known as “MA-PDs”). Medicare beneficiaries generally have to pay a premium to enroll in a Part D Plan, with the premium amount varying from plan to plan, although the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) provides various federal subsidies to Part D Plans to reduce the cost to beneficiaries. Medicare beneficiaries who are also entitled to benefits under a state Medicaid program (so-called “dual eligibles”) have their prescription drug costs covered by the Medicare drug benefit, unless they elect to opt out of Part D coverage. Many nursing home residents Omnicare serves are dual eligibles. In 2009, approximately 43% of Omnicare’s revenue was derived from beneficiaries covered under the federal Medicare Part D program.
CMS provides premium and cost-sharing subsidies to Part D Plans for dual eligible residents of nursing homes. Such dual eligibles are not required to pay a premium for enrollment in a Part D Plan, so long as the premium for the Part D Plan in which they are enrolled does not exceed the premium subsidy, nor are they required to meet deductibles or pay copayment amounts. Further, all dual eligibles who do not affirmatively enroll in a Part D Plan are automatically enrolled into a PDP by CMS on a random basis from among those PDPs meeting CMS criteria for low-income premiums in the PDP region, unless they elect to opt out of Part D coverage. Such dual eligible beneficiaries may select a different Part D Plan at any time through the Part D enrollment process. Also, dual eligibles who are qualifying covered retirees under an employer or union-sponsored qualified retiree prescription drug plan (plans which offer an alternative to Part D coverage supported by federal subsidies to the plan sponsor) will be determined to have elected not to enroll in a Part D Plan, unless they affirmatively enroll in a Part D Plan or contact CMS to indicate they wish to be auto-enrolled. In sum, dual eligible residents of nursing homes are entitled to have their prescription drug costs covered by a Part D Plan, provided that the prescription drugs which they are taking are either on the Part D Plan’s formulary, or an exception to the plan’s formulary is granted, subject to prior authorization or similar utilization management requirements for certain drugs. CMS requires the formularies of Part D Plans to include the types of drugs most commonly needed by Medicare beneficiaries and to offer an exceptions process to provide coverage for medically necessary drugs.
The Company obtains reimbursement for drugs it provides to enrollees of a given Part D Plan pursuant to the agreement it negotiates with that Part D Plan. The Company has entered into such agreements with nearly all Part D Plan sponsors under which it will provide drugs and associated services to their enrollees. The Company continues to have ongoing discussions with Part D Plans and renegotiates these agreements in the ordinary course. Further, the proportion of the Company’s Part D business serviced under specific agreements may change over time based upon beneficiary choice, reassignment of dual eligibles to different Part D Plans, Part D Plan consolidation and other factors. As such, reimbursement under these agreements is subject to change.
Moreover, as expected in the transition to a new program of this magnitude, certain administrative and payment issues have arisen, resulting in higher operating expenses, as well as outstanding gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts), particularly for copays owed by Part D Plans for dual eligibles and other low income subsidy eligible beneficiaries. As of December 31, 2009, copays outstanding from Part D Plans were approximately $16 million, relating to 2006 and 2007. The Company is pursuing solutions, including legal actions against certain Part D payors, to collect outstanding copays, as well as certain rejected claims. Participants in the long-term care pharmacy industry continue to address these issues with CMS and the Part D Plans and attempt to develop solutions. Among other things, on January 12, 2009, CMS finalized a change in its regulations requiring Part D Plan sponsors to accept and act upon certain types of documentation, referred to as “best available evidence,” to correct copays. Similarly, on October 22, 2009, CMS published proposed rules that would make numerous changes to the regulations governing Part D, including certain Part D Plan payment rules and processes. Language in the preamble to the proposed rule suggests that Part D Plans would be required to correct and pay copay amounts within 45 days of receiving complete information for the copay reconciliation. However, until a final rule is issued and all administrative and payment issues are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that implementation issues associated with the Part D drug benefit will not adversely impact the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
For Medicare beneficiaries covered under a Medicare Part A stay, the Company receives reimbursement for drugs provided to such residents from the SNFs, in accordance with the terms of the agreements it has negotiated with each SNF. The Company also receives reimbursement from the state Medicaid programs, for those Medicaid beneficiaries not eligible for the Part D program, including those under age 65 who are not disabled, and for certain drugs specifically excluded from Medicare Part D.
CMS has issued subregulatory guidance on many aspects of the Part D program, including the provision of pharmaceutical services to long-term care residents. CMS has also expressed some concerns about pharmacies’ receipt of discounts, rebates and other price concessions from drug manufacturers. For 2007 and 2008, CMS instructed Part D Plan sponsors to require pharmacies to disclose to the Part D Plan sponsor any discounts, rebates and other direct or indirect remuneration designed to directly or indirectly influence or impact utilization of Part D drugs. The Company reported information specified by CMS with respect to rebates received by the Company for 2007 and the first quarter of 2008 to those Part D Plans which agreed to maintain the confidentiality of such information. In November 2008, CMS suspended collection of the long-term care pharmacy rebate data from Part D Plan sponsors for calendar years 2008 and 2009. Instead, CMS developed its plan to collect different non-rebate information to focus plan attention on network pharmacy compliance and appropriate drug utilization management. The final Part D reporting requirements for calendar year 2010 include instructions for Part D Plans to report to CMS the number and cost of formulary versus non-formulary prescription drugs dispensed in the aggregate by each long-term care pharmacy and by all retail pharmacies as a group in the Part D Plan’s service area. CMS also issued a memorandum on November 25, 2008 reminding Part D Plan sponsors of the requirement to (1) provide convenient access to network long-term care pharmacies to all of their enrollees residing in long-term care facilities, and (2) exclude payment for drugs that are covered under a Medicare Part A stay that would otherwise satisfy the definition of a Part D drug. The Company will continue to work with Part D Plan sponsors to ensure compliance with CMS’s evolving policies related to long-term care pharmacy services.
On July 15, 2008, Congress enacted the "Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008” (“MIPPA”). This law includes further reforms to the Part D program. Among other things, as of January 1, 2010, the law requires that long-term care pharmacies have between 30 and 90 days to submit claims to a Part D Plan. As of January 1, 2009, Part D Plan sponsors must update the prescription drug pricing data they use to pay pharmacies at least every seven days. The law also expands the number of Medicare beneficiaries who are entitled to premium and cost-sharing subsidies by modifying previous income and asset requirements, eliminates late enrollment penalties for beneficiaries entitled to these subsidies, and limits the sales and marketing activities in which Part D Plan sponsors may engage. On September 18, 2008, CMS published final regulations implementing many of the MIPPA Part D provisions, and the agency published another interim final rule with comment period on January 16, 2009 implementing additional MIPPA provisions related to drug formularies and protected classes of drugs. Additional legislative proposals are pending before Congress that could further modify the Part D benefit, including proposals that could impact the payment available or pricing for drugs under Part D Plans. The Company cannot predict at this time whether such legislation will be enacted or the form any such legislation would take. The Company can make no assurances that future Part D legislation would not impact its business.
Moreover, CMS continues to issue guidance on and make other revisions to the Part D program. The Company is continuing to monitor issues relating to implementation of the Part D benefit, and until further agency guidance is known and until all administrative and payment issues associated with this massive program are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that the impact of the Part D rules, future legislative changes, or the outcome of other potential developments relating to its implementation on our business, results of operations, financial position or cash flows will not change based on the outcome of any unforeseen future developments.
The MMA also changed the Medicare payment methodology and conditions for coverage of certain items of durable medical equipment prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies (“DMEPOS”) under Medicare Part B. Approximately 1% of the Company’s revenue is derived from beneficiaries covered under Medicare Part B. The changes include a temporary freeze in annual increases in payments for durable medical equipment from 2004 through 2008, new clinical conditions for payment, quality standards (applied by CMS-approved accrediting organizations), and competitive bidding requirements. Only suppliers that are winning bidders will be eligible to provide competitively bid items to Medicare beneficiaries in the selected areas, and winning bidders will be paid based on the median of the winning suppliers’ bids for each of the selected items in the region, rather than the Medicare fee schedule amount.
In mid-2007, CMS conducted a first round of bidding for 10 DMEPOS product categories in 10 competitive bidding areas, and announced winning bidders in March 2008. In light of concerns about implementation of the bidding program, in MIPPA Congress terminated the contracts awarded by CMS in the first round of competitive bidding, required that new bidding be conducted for the first round, and required certain reforms to the bidding process. Among other things, the law requires CMS to rebid those areas in 2009, with bidding for round two delayed until 2011. The delay is being financed by reducing Medicare fee schedule payments for all items covered by the round one bidding program by 9.5 percent nationwide effective January 1, 2009, followed by a 2 percent increase in 2014 (with certain exceptions). The legislation also includes a series of procedural improvements to the bidding process. CMS published an interim final rule with comment period to implement the MIPPA competitive bidding changes on January 16, 2009, and on April 17, 2009 announced that it is proceeding with implementation of the January 16, 2009 rule after a brief delay. Bidding for the new round one of the program began October 21, 2009, and ended December 21, 2009. Contract suppliers are expected to be announced in June 2010, and the program is scheduled to go into effect January 1, 2011. The Company participated in the new bidding process for round one. There is no assurance that the Company will be a successful bidder in the DMEPOS competitive bidding process, or that reimbursement levels established through the bidding process would not adversely impact the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
CMS requires all existing DMEPOS suppliers to submit proof of accreditation by a deemed accreditation organization by September 30, 2009. MIPPA codifies the requirement that all suppliers be accredited by September 30, 2009 and extends the accreditation requirement to companies that subcontract with contract suppliers under the competitive bidding program. The Company’s DMEPOS suppliers are accredited.
On January 2, 2009, CMS published a final rule requiring certain Medicare DMEPOS suppliers to furnish CMS with a $50,000 surety bond, although the required bond amount will be higher for certain “high-risk” suppliers with previous adverse legal actions. A separate surety bond will be required for each National Provider Identifier obtained for DMEPOS billing purposes, with limited exceptions. CMS did not establish exceptions from the bond requirement for pharmacies or for nursing facilities that bill for Medicare DMEPOS services provided to their own residents. The Company has secured surety bonds for its DMEPOS suppliers.
With respect to Medicaid, many states are facing budget pressures that could result in increased cost containment efforts impacting healthcare providers. States have considerable latitude in setting payment rates for nursing facilities. States also have flexibility to establish Medicaid managed care programs without the need to obtain a federal waiver. Although these waiver programs generally exempt institutional care, including nursing facilities and institutional pharmacy services, some states do use managed care principles in their long-term care programs. The Deficit Reduction Act (“DRA”), enacted in 2006, also gives states greater flexibility to expand access to home and community based services by allowing states to provide these services as an optional benefit without undergoing the waiver approval process, and includes a demonstration to encourage states to provide long-term care services in a community setting to individuals who currently receive Medicaid services in nursing homes. Such initiatives could increase state funding for home and community-based services, while prompting states to cut funding for nursing facilities. No assurances can be given that state Medicaid programs ultimately will not change the reimbursement system for long-term care or pharmacy services in a way that adversely impacts the Company.
The DRA also changed the so-called federal upper limit payment rules for multiple source prescription drugs covered under Medicaid. Like the current upper limit, it only applies to drug ingredient costs and does not include dispensing fees, which will continue to be determined by the states. First, the DRA redefined a multiple source drug subject to the upper limit rules to be a covered outpatient drug that has at least one other drug product that is therapeutically equivalent. Thus, the federal upper limit is triggered when there are two or more therapeutic equivalents, instead of three or more as was previously the case. Second, effective January 1, 2007, the DRA changed the federal upper payment limit from 150 percent of the lowest published price for a drug (which is usually the wholesale acquisition cost) to 250 percent of the lowest average manufacturer price (“AMP”). Congress expected these DRA provisions to reduce federal and state Medicaid spending by $8.4 billion over five years. On July 17, 2007, CMS issued a final rule with comment period to implement changes to the upper limit rules. Among other things, the final rule: established a new federal upper limit calculation for multiple source drugs based on 250 percent of the lowest AMP in a drug class; required CMS to post AMP amounts on its Web site; and established a uniform definition for AMP. Additionally, the final rule provided that sales of drugs to long-term care pharmacies for supply to nursing homes and assisted living facilities (as well as associated discounts, rebates or other price concessions) are not to be taken into account in determining AMP where such sales can be identified with adequate documentation, and that any AMPs which are not at least 40% of the next highest AMP will not be taken into account in determining the upper limit amount (the so-called “outlier” test). However, on December 19, 2007, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia issued a preliminary injunction that enjoins CMS from implementing provisions of the July 17, 2007 rule to the extent that it affects Medicaid reimbursement rates for retail pharmacies under the Medicaid program. The order also enjoins CMS from posting AMP data on a public Web site or disclosing it to states. As a result of this preliminary injunction, CMS did not post AMPs or new upper limit prices in late December 2007 based upon the July 17, 2007 final rule despite its earlier planned timetable, and the schedule for states to implement the new upper limits has been delayed until further notice.
Separately, on March 14, 2008, CMS published an interim final rule with comment period revising the definition of multiple source drug set forth in the July 17, 2007 final rule. In short, the effect of the rule will be that federal upper limits apply in all states unless the state finds that a particular generic drug is not available within that state. CMS also noted that the regulation is subject to the injunction by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to the extent that it may affect Medicaid reimbursement rates for pharmacies. On October 7, 2008, CMS published the final version of this rule, adopting the March 2008 interim final rule with technical changes effective November 6, 2008, although it continues to be subject to an injunction to the extent that it affects Medicaid pharmacy reimbursement rates. Moreover, MIPPA delayed the adoption of the DRA’s new federal upper limit payment rules for Medicaid based on AMP for multiple source drugs and prevented CMS from publishing AMP data before October 1, 2009. To date, CMS has not issued a new rule or published such AMP data. Therefore, at this time upper payment limits continue to be determined under the pre-DRA rules. With the advent of Medicare Part D, the Company’s revenues from state Medicaid programs are substantially lower than has been the case previously. However, some of the Company’s agreements with Part D Plans and other payors have incorporated the Medicaid upper limit rules into the pricing mechanisms for prescription drugs. Until the litigation regarding the final rule is resolved and new upper limit amounts are published by CMS, the Company cannot predict the impact of the final rule on the Company’s business. Further, there can be no assurance that federal upper limit payments under pre-DRA rules, CMS adoption of a revised rule under the DRA, Congressional action, or other efforts by payors to limit reimbursement for certain drugs will not adversely impact the Company’s business.
MIPPA also seeks to promote e-prescribing by providing incentive payments for physicians and other practitioners paid under the Medicare physician fee schedule who are "successful electronic prescribers." Specifically, successful electronic prescribers are to receive a 2 percent bonus during 2009 and 2010, a 1 percent bonus for 2011 and 2012 and a 0.5 percent bonus for 2013; practitioners who are not successful electronic prescribers are penalized by a 1 percent reduction from the current fee schedule in 2012, a 1.5 percent reduction in 2013, and thereafter a 2 percent reduction. CMS has announced that to be a successful electronic prescriber and to receive an incentive payment for the 2009 e-prescribing reporting year, an eligible professional must report, using a qualified e-prescribing system, one of three e-prescribing measures in at least 50% of the cases in which the measure is reportable by the eligible professional during 2009. CMS has issued detailed guidelines on the specifications for qualified e-prescribing systems. The Company is closely monitoring developments related to this initiative, and will seek to make available systems under which prescribers may submit prescriptions to the Company's pharmacies electronically so as to enable them to qualify for the incentive payments.
On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. This $790 billion economic stimulus package includes a number of health care policy provisions, including approximately $19 billion in funding for health information technology infrastructure and Medicare and Medicaid incentives to encourage doctors, hospitals, and other providers to use health information technology to electronically exchange patients’ health information. The law also strengthens federal privacy and security provisions to protect personally-identifiable health information. In addition, the legislation increases Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (“FMAP”) payments by approximately $87 billion to help support state Medicaid programs in the face of budget shortfalls. The law also temporarily extends current Medicaid prompt payment requirements to nursing facility and hospital claims, requiring state Medicaid programs to reimburse providers for 90 percent of claims within 30 days of receipt and 99 percent of claims within 90 days of receipt. The Obama Administration has issued a variety of guidance documents and regulations to implement the new law. Congress is also considering extending the temporary Medicaid provisions as part of legislation designed to spur job creation, although such legislation has not been enacted to date. The Company is reviewing the implementation of the law and assessing the potential impact of the various provisions on the Company.
Two other recent actions at the federal level could impact Medicaid payments to nursing facilities. The Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 modified several Medicaid policies including, among other things, reducing the limit on Medicaid provider taxes from 6 percent to 5.5 percent from January 1, 2008 through September 30, 2011. On February 22, 2008, CMS published a final rule that implements this legislation, and makes other clarifications to the standards for determining the permissibility of provider tax arrangements. Provisions of the rule were repeatedly delayed; currently enforcement is delayed until June 30, 2010. Second, on May 21, 2007, CMS published a rule designed to ensure that Medicaid payments to governmentally operated nursing facilities and certain other health care providers are based on actual costs and that state financing arrangements are consistent with the Medicaid statute. CMS estimates that the rule would save $120 million during the first year and $3.87 billion over five years, but Congress blocked the rule through April 1, 2009. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Health and Human Services should not promulgate the provider cost limit rule, citing a ruling by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia that the final rule was “improperly promulgated.”
Broader changes in federal healthcare policy have been proposed by President Obama and are currently under consideration by Congress. The House of Representatives approved a sweeping health reform bill, H.R. 3962, the Affordable Health Care for America Act, on November 7, 2009. The Senate approved its version of the measure, H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, on December 24, 2009. Both bills seek to expand access to affordable health insurance through insurance market reforms, the establishment of health insurance “exchanges” through which individuals and small businesses can purchase qualified insurance coverage, and expansion of the Medicaid program. The House version of the bill also would establish a public health insurance option to compete with private health insurers. Among many other things, both versions of the legislation include significant reimbursement cuts to Medicare providers, including skilled nursing facilities, although details vary between the plans. In addition, the House bill would require the Secretary to negotiate Medicare Part D drug prices directly with pharmaceutical manufacturers and remove deadlines for long-term care pharmacies to file Part D claims, while both versions would require Part D plans to develop utilization management techniques to reduce prescription drug waste in long-term care facilities. The reform plans also would increase the Medicaid drug rebate level paid by pharmaceutical manufacturers and expand the drugs that are subject to such rebates. Congressional leaders and the Administration have been working to develop a compromise bill reconciling differences between the two approaches, but it is unclear at this time whether a bill will be enacted this year, and if so, which provisions will be included in such a bill.
In order to rein in healthcare costs, the Company anticipates that federal and state governments will continue to review and assess alternate healthcare delivery systems, payment methodologies and operational requirements for healthcare providers, including long-term care facilities and pharmacies. Given the debate regarding the cost of healthcare, managed care, universal healthcare coverage, and other healthcare issues, the Company cannot predict with any degree of certainty what additional healthcare initiatives, if any, will be implemented or the effect any future legislation or regulation will have on its business. Further, the Company receives discounts, rebates and other price concessions from pharmaceutical manufacturers pursuant to contracts for the purchase of their products. There can be no assurance that any changes in legislation or regulations, or interpretations of current law, that would eliminate or significantly reduce the discounts, rebates and other price concessions that the Company receives from manufacturers or that otherwise impact payment available for drugs under federal or state healthcare programs, would not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s overall consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Longer term, funding for federal and state healthcare programs must consider the aging of the population; the growth in enrollees as eligibility is potentially expanded; the escalation in drug costs owing to higher drug utilization among seniors; the impact of the Medicare Part D benefit for seniors; the introduction of new, more efficacious but also more expensive medications; and the long-term financing of the entire Medicare program. Given competing national priorities, it remains difficult to predict the outcome and impact on us of any changes in healthcare policy relating to the future funding of the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Further, Medicare, Medicaid and/or private payor rates for pharmaceutical supplies and services may not continue to be based on current methodologies or remain comparable to present levels. Any future healthcare legislation or regulation impacting these rates may materially adversely affect the Company’s business.
Contract Research Organization Services. The clinical services performed by our CRO Services are subject to various regulatory requirements designed to ensure the quality and integrity of the data produced as a result of these services.
The industry standard for conducting clinical testing is embodied in the good clinical practice ("GCP") and Investigational New Drugs ("IND") regulations administered by the FDA. Research conducted at institutions supported by funds from the National Institutes of Health ("NIH") must also comply with multiple project assurance agreements and guidelines administered by the NIH and the HHS Office of Human Research Protection. The requirements for facilities engaging in pharmaceutical, clinical trial, supply preparation, labeling and distribution are set forth in the GMP regulations and in GCP guidelines. The U.S. and European Union (“EU”) also recognize the Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice adopted by the International Conference on Harmonization (“ICH”). GCP, IND and CGMP regulations, and ICH guidelines, have been mandated by the FDA and the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (the "EMEA") and have been adopted by similar regulatory authorities in other countries. GCP, IND and CGMP regulations, and ICH guidelines, stipulate requirements for facilities, equipment, supplies and personnel engaged in the conduct of studies to which these regulations apply. The regulations require that written, standard operating procedures ("SOPs") are followed during the conduct of studies and for the recording, reporting and retention of study data and records. To help assure compliance, our CRO Services has a worldwide staff of experienced quality assurance professionals who perform the specific responsibility or responsibilities needed for each project, such as
negotiation of clinical trial agreements, data management, safety reviews, study monitoring, data auditing, or regular inspections of testing procedures and facilities, and any combination of these responsibilities. The FDA and other regulatory authorities require that study results and data submitted to such authorities are based on studies conducted in accordance with GCP and IND provisions. We may provide services that invoice one or more of these requirements, which include:
· | complying with specific regulations governing the selection of qualified investigators; |
· | obtaining specific written commitments from the investigators; |
· | disclosure of financial conflicts of interest; |
· | verifying that patient informed consent is obtained; |
· | instructing investigators to maintain records and reports; |
· | verifying drug or device accountability; and |
· | permitting appropriate governmental authorities access to data and study sites for their review and inspection. |
Records for clinical studies must be maintained for specific periods for inspection by the FDA, EU or other authorities during audits. Non-compliance with GCP or IND requirements can result in the disqualification of data collected during the clinical trial and may lead to disqualification of an investigator or debarment of a CRO if found to be responsible for the violative conduct.
Clinical study sponsors who engage a CRO for one or more CRO Services could be affected by the CRO’s failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations. For example, a sponsor’s studies could be terminated, study data could be called into question and disqualified, or the review of a sponsor’s pending applications could be suspended. Therefore, a CRO could be subject to contractual and civil claims by sponsors for such failure. Failure to adequately monitor a study as part of CRO Services could also affect the FDA’s ability to monitor the safety of human subjects participating in clinical trials if, for example, the CRO fails to monitor an investigator who does not properly record or report to clinical study sponsors adverse events. Therefore, we could be subject to civil claims from sponsors or subjects who might be injured during the study as a result of such failure.
CRO Services' SOPs related to clinical studies are written in accordance with regulations and guidelines appropriate to a global standard with regional variations in the regions where they will be used, thus helping to ensure compliance with GCP. CRO Services also generally complies with a reasonable interpretation of the ICH Guideline for GCP, EU GCP regulations and U.S. GCP regulations for North America. In addition, we believe that our CRO Services take into account the requirements of the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”), which covers many clinical trial sites, and that our CRO Services employees have been trained to meet the standards of this legislation.
Although we believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with federal, state and local laws, failure to comply could subject us to denial of the right to conduct business, fines, criminal penalties and other enforcement actions.
Health Information Privacy, Security and Transaction Practices. The Company, along with the healthcare industry in general, is impacted by federal legislation known as HIPAA. HIPAA mandates, among other things, that the Company comply with national standards for the exchange of health information in electronic form, in an effort to enhance the efficiency and simplify the administration of the healthcare system with respect to certain common healthcare transactions (the “Transaction Standards”). HIPAA requires the Company to establish and enforce privacy policies and procedures relating to its uses and disclosures of health information and to provide certain rights to individuals as to their personal health information (the “Privacy Standards”). HIPAA also requires the Company to adopt security practices and procedures for the physical, electronic and administrative safeguarding of health information (the “Security Standards”). The Company, along with most other health care providers and third party payors, has been required to comply with the Transaction Standards and the Privacy Standards since 2003, and with the Security Standards since 2005. While HIPAA ultimately is designed, in part, to reduce administrative expenses within the healthcare system, the law has resulted in some costly changes for the industry. The Company believes it is compliant with the Transaction Standards as to HIPAA-regulated electronic transactions, and is not experiencing any HIPAA-related claims processing problems. The Company has policies and procedures in place to adhere to the relevant organizational structure provisions of the Privacy Standards in order that the Company’s business units and divisions may use and disclose health information as permitted within the organization. In addition, the Company has implemented policies and procedures designed to comply with the other requirements of the Privacy Standards. As required by the Privacy Standards and the Security Standards, Omnicare has appointed a privacy and security officer. The Privacy Standards require healthcare providers like Omnicare, to provide a notice describing patient’s privacy rights and the Company’s privacy practices to all of the patients to whom we provide healthcare products or services and to provide patients certain rights as to their health information. Omnicare’s Employee Retirement Income Security Act health benefit plans are also subject to the applicable requirements of HIPAA in the course of plan operations. In January 2004, the federal government published a rule announcing the adoption of the National Provider Identifier (“NPI”) as the standard unique health identifier for healthcare providers to use in filing and processing healthcare claims and other transactions. Compliance with this rule was required as of May 23, 2007. The Company has obtained the NPIs for its locations as they have become due. In addition to HIPAA, the Company works to ensure that it adheres to state privacy laws and other state privacy or health information requirements not preempted by HIPAA, including those which furnish greater privacy protection for the individual than HIPAA. Such laws include, but are not limited to, laws that, in general terms, require organizations that maintain personal information of individuals, such as their social security numbers and driver’s license numbers, to notify each individual if their personal information is accessed or acquired by an unauthorized person. Significant penalties are provided by most states for violation of these laws. State and federal regulations designed to prevent or mitigate financial and medical identity theft are expected to increase and the Company will be required to comply. In addition, there can be no assurance that the loss or improper exposure of personal data by the Company will not adversely impact the business and prospects of the Company nor result in possible civil litigation by customers and affected individuals.
On January 16, 2009, HHS published a final rule adopting new code sets to be used by the public and private sectors for reporting diagnoses and inpatient procedures in health care transactions under HIPAA, effective October 1, 2013. Specifically, the rule adopts the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (“ICD-10-CM”) for diagnosis coding, and the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (“ICD-10-PCS”) for inpatient hospital procedure coding. HHS expects adoption of the new code sets to support value-based purchasing, enhance payment accuracy, and result in significant savings to the health care system. The Company will need to modify its billing software and claims processing systems to accommodate these changes. The second final rule published January 16, 2009 adopts updated versions of the HIPAA standards for certain electronic health care transactions, including the pharmacy claims transactions standard. The rule also adopts a standard for Medicaid pharmacy subrogation transactions, a process through which State Medicaid agencies recoup payments for pharmacy services in cases where a third party payer has primary financial responsibility. The compliance date for implementing the pharmacy transaction standard and Medicaid pharmacy subrogation standard is January 1, 2012. The Company is assessing the impact of the new code sets and transaction standards on its operations.
The Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) in conjunction with other federal agencies has published a final rule implementing provisions of the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 which required, among other things, that “creditors” with “covered accounts” implement a written plan to identify and detect indicators of identity theft (referred to in the FTC’s final rule as “red flags”) and to take steps to prevent or mitigate identity theft. The enforcement date for compliance with the final rule, originally November 1, 2008, has been extended by the FTC on several occasions; the current enforcement deadline is June 1, 2010. Civil monetary penalties can be assessed against a creditor who fails to comply with the Final Rule. Omnicare, like most health care providers, is a “creditor” within the meaning of the Final Rule and maintains “covered accounts”. The Company has established a plan to identify, detect and respond to indicators of identity theft from its information systems and expects to satisfy all the requirements of the Final Rule on or before the compliance deadline.
The scope of the Company’s operations involving health and other personal information is broad and the nature of those operations is complex. Although we believe the Company’s contract arrangements with healthcare payors and providers and our business practices are materially in compliance with applicable federal and state electronic transmission, privacy and security of health information laws, the requirements of these laws, including HIPAA, are complicated and are subject to interpretation. In addition, state regulation of matters also covered by HIPAA, especially the Privacy Standards, is increasing, and determining which state laws are preempted by HIPAA is a matter of interpretation. Failure to comply with HIPAA or similar state laws could subject the Company to loss of customers, litigation by or on behalf of individuals, denial of the right to conduct business, civil damages, fines, criminal penalties and other enforcement actions.
Moreover, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, signed into law on February 17, 2009, includes a number of provisions to strengthen federal privacy and security provisions to protect personally-identifiable health information. Among other things, the law applies HIPAA security provisions and penalties to business associates of covered entities; requires certain notifications in the event of a security breach involving protected health information; restricts certain unauthorized disclosures and sales of health information; clarifies treatment of certain marketing activities; and strengthens enforcement activities. Many of the implementation requirements associated with these provisions are being detailed through regulations. For instance, on August 24, 2009, the Department of Health and Human Services issued an interim final rule with comment period to implement the provision requiring notification of breaches of unsecured protected health information, effective September 23, 2009. The Company currently is assessing the potential impact of these new privacy and security provisions on its operations and is taking steps to assure that the Company is in material compliance with these new privacy and security provisions in a timely manner. Omnicare cannot predict at this time the costs associated with compliance, or the impact of the new requirements on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
Compliance Program. The Office of Inspector General (“OIG”) has issued guidance to various sectors of the healthcare industry to help providers design effective voluntary compliance programs to prevent fraud, waste and abuse in healthcare programs, including Medicare and Medicaid. In addition, the Company and its operating units are subject in the ordinary course of business to audit, compliance, administrative and investigatory reviews by federal and state authorities covering various aspects of its business. In 1998, Omnicare voluntarily adopted a compliance program to assist us in complying with applicable government regulations, and the Company continues to maintain and support its compliance program. In 2009 the Company entered into an amended and restated corporate integrity agreement which succeeds the Company’s prior corporate integrity agreement entered into in 2006 and which requires, among other things, that the Company maintain and augment its compliance program in accordance with the terms of the agreement.
See “Risk Factors” and “Legal Proceedings” at Items 1A and 3, respectively, of this Filing for further discussion.
Environmental Matters
In operating our facilities, historically we have not encountered any major difficulties in effecting compliance with applicable pollution control laws. No material capital expenditures for environmental control facilities are expected. While we cannot predict the effect which any future legislation, regulations or interpretations may have upon our operations, we do not anticipate any changes regarding pollution control laws that would have a material adverse impact to Omnicare.
Employees
At December 31, 2009, we employed approximately 15,200 in our continuing operations, persons (including approximately 1,500 part-time employees), of which approximately 14,600 are located within, and approximately 600 outside of, the U.S.
Available Information
We make available, free of charge, on or through our Corporate Web site, at www.omnicare.com, our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Additionally, the public may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Room 1580, Washington, D.C., 20549. Information regarding operation of the Public Reference Room is available by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Information that we file with the SEC is also available at the SEC’s Web site at www.sec.gov.
We also post on our Corporate Web site the following corporate governance documents and committee charters:
· | Corporate Governance Guidelines |
· | Code of Business Conduct and Ethics |
· | Code of Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers |
· | Audit Committee Charter |
· | Compensation and Incentive Committee Charter |
· | Executive Committee Charter |
· | Nominating and Governance Committee Charter |
Copies of these documents are also available in print to any stockholder who requests them by writing our Corporate Secretary at:
Omnicare, Inc.
1600 RiverCenter II
100 East RiverCenter Boulevard
Covington, Kentucky 41011
ITEM 1A. – RISK FACTORS
Risks Relating to Our Business
If we or our client facilities fail to comply with Medicaid and Medicare regulations, our revenue could be reduced, we could be subject to penalties and we could lose our eligibility to participate in these programs.
Historically, prior to Part D, approximately one-half of our pharmacy services billings were directly reimbursed by government sponsored programs (including Medicaid and, to a lesser extent, Medicare). Beginning January 1, 2006, the prescription drug benefit under Part D became effective. As a result, we experienced a shift in payor mix (as a % of annual sales) in 2006, such that payments under Part D now represent approximately 43% of total Company revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009. In particular, Medicare beneficiaries who are also entitled to benefits under a state Medicaid program (so-called “dual eligibles”), including the nursing home residents we serve whose drug costs were previously covered by state Medicaid programs, now have their outpatient prescription drug costs covered by the Medicare drug benefit. In 2005, the year immediately preceding Part D, approximately 46% of our revenue was derived from beneficiaries covered under state Medicaid programs. Under the Part D benefit, payment is determined in accordance with the agreements we have negotiated with the Part D Plans. The remainder of our billings are paid or reimbursed by individual residents, long-term care facilities and other third party payors, including private insurers. A portion of these revenues also are indirectly dependent on government programs.
The table below represents our approximated payor mix (as a % of annual sales) for the last three years ended December 31,:
| | | | | | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
Private pay, third-party and facilities (a) | | | | 42% | | 43% | | 42% |
Federal Medicare program (Part D & Part B) (b) | | | | 44% | | 42% | | 43% |
State Medicaid programs | | | | | 9% | | 10% | | 11% |
Other sources (c) | | | | | 5% | | 5% | | 4% |
| Totals | | | | | 100% | | 100% | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | Includes payments from SNFs on behalf of their federal Medicare program-eligible residents (Medicare |
| Part A) and for other services and supplies, as well as payments from third-party insurers and private pay. |
(b) | Includes direct billing for medical supplies under Part B totaling 1% in each of the 2009, 2008 and 2007 |
| years. | | | | | | | | | |
(c) | Includes our contract research organization. | | | | | | | |
The Medicaid and Medicare programs are highly regulated. The failure, even if inadvertent, of us and/or our client facilities to comply with applicable regulations could adversely affect our reimbursement under these programs and our ability to continue to participate in these programs. As previously disclosed in “Government Regulation” at Item 1 of this Filing, our client long-term care facilities are required to be certified to be in compliance with requirements pertaining to participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Facilities are surveyed for compliance with these program requirements. On December 18, 2006, CMS issued final updated Guidance to Surveyors on Long Term Care regarding the survey protocol for review of pharmacy services provided in long-term care facilities participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The guidelines expanded the areas and detail in which surveyors assess pharmacy services at the facility, including ordering, acquiring, receiving, storing, labeling, dispensing and disposing of all medications at the facility; the provision of medication-related information to health care professionals and residents; the process of identifying and addressing medication-related issues through medication regimen reviews and collaboration between the licensed consultant pharmacist, the facility and other healthcare professionals; and the provision, monitoring and use of medication-related devices. The guidelines also emphasize the important role of consultative services of pharmacists in promoting safe and effective medication use through the coordination of all aspects of pharmacy services provided to all residents within a facility. While the Company has extensive policies and procedures involving the provisions of pharmacy services and consulting pharmacist service to long-term care facilities, there can be no assurance that the increased requirements and the enhanced focus on pharmacy services by government surveyors will not have an adverse impact on the Company's clients or on the Company's businesses. In addition, our failure to comply with applicable Medicare and Medicaid regulations could subject us to other penalties.
Continuing efforts to contain healthcare costs may reduce our future revenue.
Our sales and profitability are affected by the efforts of healthcare payors to contain or reduce the cost of healthcare by lowering reimbursement rates, limiting the scope of covered services, and negotiating reduced or capitated pricing arrangements. Any changes which lower reimbursement levels under Medicare, Medicaid or private pay programs, including managed care contracts, could reduce our future revenue. Furthermore, other changes in these reimbursement programs or in related regulations could reduce our future revenue. These changes may include modifications in the timing or processing of payments and other changes intended to limit or decrease the growth of Medicare, Medicaid or third party expenditures. In addition, our profitability may be adversely affected by any efforts of our suppliers to shift healthcare costs by increasing the net prices on the products we obtain from them.
Federal and state healthcare legislation has significantly impacted our business, and future legislation and regulations are likely to affect us.
Over the years, federal legislation has resulted in major changes in the healthcare system, which significantly affected healthcare providers. Under PPS, Medicare pays SNFs a fixed fee per patient per day based upon the acuity level of the resident, covering substantially all items and services furnished during a Medicare-covered stay, including pharmacy services. PPS initially resulted in a significant reduction of reimbursement to SNFs. Congress subsequently sought to restore some of the reductions in reimbursement resulting from PPS. Although some of the reductions were subsequently mitigated, the PPS fundamentally changed the payment for Medicare SNF services.
In recent years, SNFs have received the full market basket increase to annual rates. For fiscal year 2009, beginning October 1, 2008, SNFs received a 3.4 percent inflation update that increased overall payments to SNFs by $780 million. However, for fiscal year 2010, beginning on October 1, 2009, payments to SNFs were reduced by 1.1 percent, or $360 million to SNFs overall, compared to fiscal year 2009 levels. While the payment levels reflect a 2.2 percent market basket inflation update, that amount was more than offset by a 3.3 percent ($1.050 billion) adjustment intended to recalibrate case mix weights to compensate for increased expenditures resulting from refinements made in January 2006. These or other reimbursement changes could have an adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company’s SNF clients, which could, in turn, adversely affect the timing or level of their payments to Omnicare.
Similarly, the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit significantly shifted the payor mix for our pharmacy services. Effective January 1, 2006, the Part D drug benefit permits Medicare beneficiaries to enroll in Part D Plans for their drug coverage. Medicare beneficiaries generally have to pay a premium to enroll in a Part D Plan, with the premium amount varying from plan to plan, although the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) provides various federal subsidies to Part D Plans to reduce the cost to beneficiaries. Medicare beneficiaries who are also entitled to benefits under a state Medicaid program (so-called “dual eligibles”) have their prescription drug costs covered by the new Medicare drug benefit, unless they elect to opt out of Part D coverage. Many nursing home residents Omnicare serves are dual eligibles, whose drug costs were previously covered by state Medicaid programs. In 2009, approximately 43% of Omnicare’s revenue was derived from beneficiaries covered under the federal Medicare Part D program.
The Company obtains reimbursement for drugs it provides to enrollees of a given Part D Plan pursuant to the agreement it negotiates with that Part D Plan. We have entered into such agreements with nearly all Part D Plan sponsors under which we provide drugs and associated services to their enrollees. We continue to have ongoing discussions with Part D Plans and renegotiate these agreements in the ordinary course. Further, the proportion of our Part D business serviced under specific agreements may change over time based upon beneficiary choice, reassignment of dual eligibles to different Part D Plans, Part D Plan consolidation and other factors. As such, reimbursement under these agreements is subject to change.
Moreover, as expected in the transition to a program of this magnitude, certain administrative and payment issues have arisen, resulting in higher operating expenses, as well as outstanding gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts), particularly for copays owed by Part D Plans for dual eligibles and other low income subsidy eligible beneficiaries. As of December 31, 2009, copays outstanding from Part D Plans were approximately $16 million relating to 2006 and 2007. The Company is pursuing solutions, including legal actions against certain Part D payors, to collect outstanding copays, as well as certain rejected claims. Participants in the long-term care pharmacy industry continue to address these issues with CMS and the Part D Plans and attempt to develop solutions. Among other things, on January 12, 2009, CMS finalized a change in its regulations requiring Part D Plan sponsors to accept and act upon certain types of documentation, referred to as “best available evidence,” to correct co-pays. Similarly, on October 22, 2009, CMS published proposed rules that would make numerous changes to the regulations governing Part D, including certain Part D Plan payment rules and processes. Language in the preamble to the proposed rule suggests that Part D Plans would be required to correct and pay copay amounts within 45 days of receiving complete information for the copay reconciliation. However, until a final rule is issued and all administrative and payment issues are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that implementation issues associated with the Part D Drug benefit will not adversely impact our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
CMS has issued subregulatory guidance on many aspects of the Part D program, including the provision of pharmaceutical services to long-term care residents. CMS has also expressed some concerns about pharmacies’ receipt of discounts, rebates and other price concessions from drug manufacturers. For 2007 and 2008, CMS instructed Part D Plan sponsors to require pharmacies to disclose to the Part D Plan sponsor any discounts, rebates and other direct or indirect remuneration designed to directly or indirectly influence or impact utilization of Part D drugs. The Company reported information specified by CMS with respect to rebates received by the Company for 2007 and the first quarter of 2008 to those Part D Plans which agreed to maintain the confidentiality of such information. In November 2008, CMS suspended collection of the long-term care pharmacy rebate data from Part D Plan sponsors for calendar years 2008 and 2009. Instead, CMS developed its plan to collect different non-rebate information to focus plan attention on network pharmacy compliance and appropriate drug utilization management. The final Part D reporting requirements for calendar year 2010 include instructions for plans to report to CMS the number and cost of formulary versus non-formulary prescription drugs dispensed in the aggregate by each long-term care pharmacy and by all retail pharmacies as a group in the Part D Plan’s service area. CMS also issued a memo on November 25, 2008 reminding Part D Plan sponsors of the requirement to (1) provide convenient access to network long-term care pharmacies to all of their enrollees residing in long-term care facilities, and (2) exclude payment for drugs that are covered under a Medicare Part A stay that would otherwise satisfy the definition of a Part D drug. The Company will continue to work with Part D Plan sponsors to ensure compliance with CMS’s evolving policies related to long-term care pharmacy services.
MIPPA includes further reforms to the Part D program. As of January 1, 2009, the law also requires Part D Plan sponsors to update the prescription drug pricing data they use to pay pharmacies at least every seven days. As of January 1, 2010, the law requires that long-term care pharmacies have between 30 and 90 days to submit claims to a Part D Plan. The law also expands the number of Medicare beneficiaries who will be entitled to premium and cost-sharing subsidies by modifying previous income and asset requirements, eliminates late enrollment penalties for beneficiaries entitled to these subsidies, and limits the sales and marketing activities in which Part D Plan sponsors may engage, among other things. On September 18, 2008, CMS published final regulations implementing many of the MIPPA Part D provisions, and the agency published another interim final rule with comment period on January 16, 2009 implementing additional MIPPA provisions related to drug formularies and protected classes of drugs. Additional legislative proposals are pending before Congress that could further modify the Part D benefit, including proposals that could impact the payment available or pricing for drugs under Part D Plans. We cannot predict at this time whether such legislation will be enacted or the form any such legislation would take. We can make no assurances that future Part D legislation would not adversely impact our business.
Moreover, CMS continues to issue guidance on and make revisions to the Part D program. We are continuing to monitor issues relating to implementation of the Part D benefit, and until further agency guidance is known and until all administrative and payment issues associated with the transition to this massive program are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that the impact of the Part D rules, future legislative changes, or the outcome of other potential developments relating to its implementation on our business, results of operations, financial position or cash flows will not change based on the outcome of any unforeseen future developments.
The MMA also changed the Medicare payment methodology and conditions for coverage of certain items of DMEPOS under Medicare Part B. Approximately 1% of our revenue is derived from beneficiaries covered under Medicare Part B. The changes include a temporary freeze in annual increases in payments for durable medical equipment from 2004 through 2008, new clinical conditions for payment, quality standards (applied by CMS-approved accrediting organizations), and competitive bidding requirements. Only suppliers that are winning bidders will be eligible to provide competitively bid items to Medicare beneficiaries in the selected areas, and winning bidders will be paid based on the median of the winning suppliers’ bid for each of the selected items in the region, rather than the Medicare fee schedule amount.
In mid-2007, CMS conducted a first round of bidding for 10 DMEPOS product categories in 10 competitive bidding areas, and announced winning bidders in March 2008. In light of concerns about implementation of the bidding program, in MIPPA Congress terminated the contracts awarded by CMS in the first round of competitive bidding, required that new bidding be conducted for the first round, and required certain reforms to the bidding process. The law requires CMS to rebid those areas in 2009, with bidding for round two delayed until 2011. The delay is being financed by reducing Medicare fee schedule payments for all items covered by the round one bidding program by 9.5 percent nationwide effective January 1, 2009, followed by a 2 percent increase in 2014 (with certain exceptions). The legislation also includes a series of procedural improvements to the bidding process. CMS published an interim final rule with comment period to implement the MIPPA competitive bidding changes on January 16, 2009, and on April 17, 2009 announced that it is proceeding with implementation of the January 16, 2009 rule after a brief delay. Bidding for the new round one of the program began October 21, 2009, and ended December 21, 2009. Contract suppliers are expected to be announced in June 2010, and the program is scheduled to go into effect January 1, 2011. We participated in the new bidding process for round one. There is no assurance that we will be a successful bidder in the DMEPOS competitive bidding process, or that reimbursement levels established through the bidding process would not adversely impact the Company’s results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition.
With respect to Medicaid, many states are facing budget pressures that could result in increased cost containment efforts impacting healthcare providers. States have considerable latitude in setting payment rates for nursing facility services. States also have flexibility to establish Medicaid managed care programs without the need to obtain a federal waiver. Although these waiver programs generally exempt institutional care, including nursing facilities and institutional pharmacy services, some states do use managed care principles in their long-term care programs. The DRA also gives states greater flexibility to expand access to home and community based services by allowing states to provide these services as an optional benefit without undergoing the waiver approval process, and includes a demonstration to encourage states to provide long-term care services in a community setting to individuals who currently receive Medicaid services in nursing homes. Such initiatives could increase state funding for home and community-based services, while prompting states to cut funding for nursing facilities. No assurances can be given that state Medicaid programs ultimately will not change the reimbursement system for long-term care or pharmacy services in a way that adversely impacts the Company.
The DRA also changed the so-called federal upper limit payment rules for multiple source prescription drugs covered under Medicaid. Like the current upper limit, it only applies to drug ingredient costs and does not include dispensing fees, which will continue to be determined by the states. First, the DRA redefined a multiple source drug subject to the upper limit rules to be a covered outpatient drug that has at least one other drug product that is therapeutically equivalent. Thus, the federal upper limit is triggered when there are two or more therapeutic equivalents, instead of three or more as was previously the case. Second, effective January 1, 2007, the DRA changed the federal upper payment limit from 150 percent of the lowest published price for a drug (which is usually the wholesale acquisition cost) to 250 percent of the lowest average manufacturer price (“AMP”). Congress expected these DRA provisions to reduce federal and state Medicaid spending by $8.4 billion over five years. On July 17, 2007,
CMS issued a final rule with comment period to implement changes to the upper limit rules. Among other things, the final rule: established a new federal upper limit calculation for multiple source drug based on 250 percent of the lowest AMP in a drug class; required CMS to post AMP amounts on its Web site; and established a uniform definition for AMP. Additionally, the final rule provided that sales of drugs to long-term care pharmacies for supply to nursing homes and assisted living facilities (as well as associated discounts, rebates or other price concessions) are not to be taken into account in determining AMP where such sales can be identified with adequate documentation, and that any AMPs which are not at least 40% of the next highest AMP will not be taken into account in determining the upper limit amount (the so-called “outlier” test). However, on December 19, 2007, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia issued a preliminary injunction that enjoins CMS from implementing provisions of the July 17, 2007 rule to the extent that it affects Medicaid reimbursement rates for retail pharmacies under the Medicaid program. The order also enjoins CMS from posting AMP data on a public Web site or disclosing it to states. As a result of this preliminary injunction, CMS did not post AMPs or new upper limit prices in late December 2007 based upon the July 17, 2007 final rule despite its earlier planned timetable, and the schedule for states to implement the new upper limits has been delayed until further notice. Separately, on March 14, 2008, CMS published an interim final rule with comment period revising the definition of multiple source drug set forth in the July 17, 2007 final rule. In short, the effect of the rule will be that federal upper limits apply in all states unless the state finds that a particular generic drug is not available within that state. CMS also noted that the regulation is subject to the injunction by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to the extent that it may affect Medicaid reimbursement rates for pharmacies. On October 7, 2008, CMS published the final version of this rule, adopting the March 2008 interim final rule with technical changes effective November 6, 2008, although it continues to be subject to an injunction to the extent that it affects Medicaid pharmacy reimbursement rates. Moreover, MIPPA delayed the adoption of the DRA’s new federal upper limit payment rules for Medicaid based on AMP for multiple source drugs and prevented CMS from publishing AMP data before October 1, 2009. To date, CMS has not issued a new rule or published such AMP data. Therefore, at this time upper payment limits continue to be determined under the pre-DRA rules. With the advent of Medicare Part D, our revenues from state Medicaid programs are substantially lower than has been the case previously. However, some of our agreements with Part D Plans and other payors have incorporated the Medicaid upper limit rules into the pricing mechanisms for prescription drugs. Until the litigation regarding the final rule is resolved and new upper limit amounts are published by CMS, we cannot predict the impact of the final rule on our business. Further, there can be no assurance that federal upper limit payments under pre-DRA rules, CMS adoption of a revised rule under the DRA, Congressional action, or other efforts by payors to limit reimbursement for certain drugs will not adversely impact our business.
On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. This $790 billion economic stimulus package includes a number of health care policy provisions, including approximately $19 billion in funding for health information technology infrastructure and Medicare and Medicaid incentives to encourage doctors, hospitals, and other providers to use health information technology to electronically exchange patients’ health information. The law also strengthens federal privacy and security provisions to protect personally-identifiable health information. In addition, the legislation increases Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (“FMAP”) payments by approximately $87 billion to help support state Medicaid programs in the face of budget shortfalls. The law also temporarily extends current Medicaid prompt payment requirements to nursing facility and hospital claims, requiring state Medicaid programs to reimburse providers for 90 percent of claims within 30 days of receipt and 99 percent of claims within 90 days of receipt. The Obama Administration has issued a variety of guidance documents and regulations to implement the new law. Congress is also considering extending the temporary Medicaid provisions as part of legislation designed to spur job creation, although such legislation has not been enacted to date. Omnicare continues to review the implementation of the law and assess the potential impact of the various provisions on the Company.
Two other recent actions at the federal level could impact Medicaid payments to nursing facilities. The Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 modified several Medicaid policies including, among other things, reducing the limit on Medicaid provider taxes from 6 percent to 5.5 percent from January 1, 2008 through September 30, 2011. On February 22, 2008, CMS published a final rule that implements this legislation, and makes other clarifications to the standards for determining the permissibility of provider tax arrangements. Provisions of the rule were repeatedly delayed; currently enforcement is delayed until June 30, 2010. Second, on May 21, 2007, CMS published a rule designed to ensure that Medicaid payments to governmentally operated nursing facilities and certain other health care providers are based on actual costs and that state financing arrangements are consistent with the Medicaid statute. CMS estimates that the rule would save $120 million during the first year and $3.87 billion over five years, but Congress blocked the rule through April 1, 2009. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Health and Human Services should not promulgate the provider cost limit rule, citing a ruling by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia that the final rule was “improperly promulgated.”
Broader changes in federal healthcare policy have been proposed by President Obama and are currently under consideration by Congress. The House of Representatives approved a sweeping health reform bill, H.R. 3962, the Affordable Health Care for America Act, on November 7, 2009. The Senate approved its version of the measure, H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, on December 24, 2009. Both bills seek to expand access to affordable health insurance through insurance market reforms, the establishment of health insurance “exchanges” through which individuals and small businesses can purchase qualified insurance coverage, and expansion of the Medicaid program. The House version of the bill also would establish a public health insurance option to compete with private health insurers. Among many other things, both versions of the legislation include significant reimbursement cuts to Medicare providers, including skilled nursing facilities, although details vary between the plans. In addition, the House bill would require the Secretary to negotiate Medicare Part D drug prices directly with pharmaceutical manufacturers and remove deadlines for long-term care pharmacies to file Part D claims, while both versions would require Part D plans to develop utilization management techniques to reduce prescription drug waste in long-term care facilities. The reform plans also would increase the Medicaid drug rebate level paid by pharmaceutical manufacturers and expand the drugs that are subject to such rebates. Congressional leaders and the Administration have been working to develop a compromise bill reconciling differences between the two approaches, but it is unclear at this time whether a bill will be enacted, and if so, which provisions will be included in such a bill.
In order to rein in healthcare costs, the Company anticipates that federal and state governments will continue to review and assess alternate healthcare delivery systems, payment methodologies and operational requirements for healthcare providers, including long-term care facilities and pharmacies. Given the debate regarding the cost of healthcare, managed care, universal healthcare coverage, and other healthcare issues, the Company cannot predict with any degree of certainty what additional healthcare initiatives, if any, will be implemented or the effect any future legislation or regulation will have on its business. Further, the Company receives discounts, rebates and other price concessions from pharmaceutical manufacturers pursuant to contracts for the purchase of their products. There can be no assurance that any changes in legislation or regulations, or interpretations of current law, that would eliminate or significantly reduce the discounts, rebates and other price concessions that the Company receives from manufacturers or that otherwise impact payment available for drugs under federal or state healthcare programs, would not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s overall consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Longer term, funding for federal and state healthcare programs must consider the aging of the population; the growth in enrollees as eligibility is potentially expanded; the escalation in drug costs owing to higher drug utilization among seniors; the impact of the Medicare Part D benefit for seniors; the introduction of new, more efficacious but also more expensive medications; and the long-term financing of the entire Medicare program. Given competing national priorities, it remains difficult to predict the outcome and impact on us of any changes in healthcare policy relating to the future funding of the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Further, Medicare, Medicaid and/or private payor rates for pharmaceutical supplies and services may not continue to be based on current methodologies or remain comparable to present levels. Any future healthcare legislation or regulation impacting these rates may materially adversely affect the Company’s business.
Changes in the use of the average wholesale price as a benchmark from which pricing in the pharmaceutical industry is negotiated could adversely affect the Company.
On October 4, 2006, the plaintiffs in New England Carpenters Health Benefits Fund et al. v. First DataBank, Inc. and McKesson Corporation, CA No. 1:05-CV-11148-PBS (United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts) and defendant First DataBank, Inc. (“First DataBank”) entered into a settlement agreement relating to First DataBank’s publication of average wholesale price (“AWP”). AWP is a pricing benchmark that is widely used to calculate a portion of the reimbursement payable to pharmacy providers for the drugs and biologicals they provide, including under State Medicaid programs, Medicare Part D Plans and certain of the Company’s contracts with long-term care facilities. The settlement agreement would have required First DataBank to cease publishing AWP two years after the settlement became effective unless a competitor of First DataBank was then publishing AWP, and would have required that First DataBank modify the manner in which it calculates AWP for over 8,000 distinct drugs (“NDCs”) from 125% of the drug’s wholesale acquisition cost (“WAC”) price established by manufacturers to 120% of WAC until First DataBank ceased publishing same. In a related case, District Council 37 Health and Security Plan v. Medi-Span, CA No. 1:07-CV-10988-PBS (United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts), in which Medi-Span is
accused of misrepresenting pharmaceutical prices by relying on and publishing First DataBank’s price list, the parties entered into a similar settlement agreement. The Court granted preliminary approval of both agreements, but later after hearing various objections to the proposed settlements, indicated that it would not approve them. On May 29, 2008, the plaintiffs and First DataBank filed a new settlement that included a reduction in the number of NDCs to which a new mark-up over WAC would apply (20% vs. 25%) from over 8,000 to 1,356, and removed the provision requiring that AWP no longer be published in the future. First DataBank also agreed to contribute approximately $2 million to a settlement fund and for legal fees. On July 15, 2008, Medi-Span and the plaintiffs in that litigation also proposed an amended settlement agreement under which Medi-Span agreed to reduce the mark-up over WAC (from 20% to 25%) for only the smaller number of NDCs, the requirement that AWP not be published in the future was removed, and Medi-Span agreed to pay $500,000 for the benefit of the plaintiff class. First DataBank and Medi-Span, independent of these settlements, announced that they would, of their own volition, reduce to 20% the mark-up on all drugs with a mark-up higher than 20% and stop publishing AWP within two years after the changes in mark-up are implemented (in the case of First DataBank) or within two years after the settlement is finally approved (in the case of Medi-Span). On March 17, 2009 the Court approved the proposed settlements, with a modification by the Court requiring that the change in mark-ups take place 180 days after the order approving the settlements is entered. The Court entered an order approving the settlements on March 30, 2009. While several entities appealed the Court's order to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, on September 3, 2009 the Court of Appeals upheld the settlements. First DataBank and Medi-Span implemented the changes in AWP on September 26, 2009.
The Company has taken a number of steps to prevent or mitigate the adverse effect on the Company’s reimbursement for drugs and biologicals which could otherwise result from these settlements. For most state Medicaid programs reimbursing under an AWP formula, the Company is currently being reimbursed under old rate formulas using the new AWPs published in accordance with the settlements, resulting in lower reimbursement under these programs. There can be no assurance that the First DataBank and Medi-Span settlements and associated unilateral actions by First DataBank and Medi-Span, or actions, if any, by the Company’s payors relating to AWP, will not have a further adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. (See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operation and Financial Condition – “Pharmacy Services”.)
If we fail to comply with licensure requirements, fraud and abuse laws or other applicable laws, we may need to curtail operations, and could be subject to significant penalties.
Our pharmacy business is subject to extensive and often changing federal, state and local regulations, and our pharmacies are required to be licensed in the states in which they are located or do business. While we continuously monitor the effects of regulatory activity on our operations and we currently have pharmacy licenses for each pharmacy we operate, the failure to obtain or renew any required regulatory approvals or licenses could adversely affect the continued operation of our business. We also are subject to federal and state laws imposing registration, repackaging and labeling requirements on certain entities that repackage drugs for distribution; state and federal laws regarding the transfer and shipment of pharmaceuticals; and “drug pedigree” provisions requiring wholesale drug
distributors to document a history of the transactions in a drug lot’s chain of distribution. The long-term care facilities that contract for our services are also subject to federal, state and local regulations and are required to be licensed in the states in which they are located. The failure by these long-term care facilities to comply with these or future regulations, or to obtain or renew any required licenses, could result in our inability to provide pharmacy services to these facilities and their residents. We are also subject to federal and state laws that prohibit some types of direct and indirect payments between healthcare providers. These laws, commonly known as the fraud and abuse laws, prohibit payments intended to induce or encourage the referral of patients to, or the recommendation of, a particular provider of items or services. Violation of these laws can result in loss of licensure, civil and criminal penalties, and exclusion from the Medicaid, Medicare and other federal healthcare programs.
Our pharmacies are registered with the appropriate state and federal authorities pursuant to statutes governing the regulation of controlled substances. The Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”) has recently increased scrutiny and enforcement of long-term care pharmacy practices under the federal Controlled Substances Act. We believe that this increased scrutiny and, in some cases, stringent interpretation of existing regulations, effectively changes longstanding practices for dispensing controlled substances in the long-term care facility setting. We have been required to modify the controlled substances dispensing procedures at certain of our pharmacies to comply with the regulations as currently interpreted by the DEA. Heightened enforcement of controlled substances regulations could increase the overall regulatory burden and costs associated with our pharmacy services. There can be no assurance that this heightened level of enforcement, or any fines or other penalties resulting therefrom, will not materially adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.
We expend considerable resources in connection with our compliance efforts. We believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with state and federal regulations applicable to our business. However, we cannot assure you that government enforcement agencies will agree with our assessment, or that we would not be subject to an enforcement action under applicable law. Moreover, Congress is considering health reform legislation that could expand federal health care fraud enforcement authorities. The Company cannot predict at this time the costs associated with compliance with any such laws, if enacted.
Federal and state laws that protect patient health and other personal information may increase our costs and limit our ability to collect and use that information.
Our Company and the healthcare industry generally are required to comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, which mandates, among other things, the adoption of standards to enhance the efficiency and simplify the administration of the healthcare system. Many states have similar laws with which the Company is also required to comply. HIPAA required the Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”) to adopt standards for electronic transactions and code sets for basic healthcare transactions such as payment and remittance advice (“Transaction Standards”); privacy of individually identifiable healthcare information (“Privacy Standards”); and security (“Security Standards”), as well as standards for unique identifiers for providers, employers, health
plans and individuals; and for governmental enforcement of the requirements of HIPAA. In many of our operations, we are a healthcare provider, a “covered entity” under HIPAA, and therefore required to comply in our operations with these standards and subject to significant civil and criminal penalties for failure to do so. In addition, such failure to comply could result in loss of customers and/or contractual liability to our customers. We also provide services to customers that are healthcare providers themselves and we are required to provide satisfactory written assurances to those customers, in the form of contractual agreements, that we will provide our services in accordance with the requirements of the Privacy and Security Standards. Failure to comply with these contractual agreements could lead to loss of customers, contractual liability to our customers, or, direct action by the federal government, including penalties. We believe that we are compliant with the HIPAA Transaction Standards, the Privacy Standards and the Security Standards, as each is currently in effect. In addition, in January 2004, CMS published a rule announcing the adoption of the National Provider Identifier (“NPI”) as the standard unique health identifier for healthcare providers to use in filing and processing healthcare claims and other transactions. We have obtained the NPIs for our locations as they have become due. On January 16, 2009, HHS published two rules (1) adopting new code sets to be used by the public and private sectors for reporting diagnoses and inpatient procedures in health care transactions under HIPAA, effective October 1, 2013; and (2) adopting updated versions of the HIPAA standards for certain electronic health care transactions, including the pharmacy claims transactions standard, effective January 1, 2012. We are assessing the impact of the new code sets and transaction standards on our operations. We believe we fully comply with HIPAA and similar state requirements; however, at this time we cannot estimate if future changes, if any, to the cost of compliance of the HIPAA and similar state standards will result in an adverse effect on our operations or profitability, or that of our customers.
Like many health care providers, Omnicare maintains personal information of or concerning its patients. Such information, which has common elements with health information regulated under HIPAA and state medical privacy laws but is not identical to health information, is subject to increasing state and federal regulation designed to prevent or mitigate the effects of financial identity theft, defined as wrongfully gaining credit or other financial benefit using another’s financial identity, and medical identity theft, defined as wrongfully obtaining medical care using another’s insurance coverage identity. Laws of most states in which the Company operates require that individuals be notified of a breach of the security of their personal information, so that they can take steps to protect themselves from identity theft. The Company expects this expansion of the scope of security breach notification laws to continue at the state and the federal levels. Moreover, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, signed into law on February 17, 2009, includes a number of provisions to strengthen federal privacy and security provisions to protect personally-identifiable health information. Among other things, the law applies HIPAA security provisions and penalties to business associates of covered entities; requires certain notifications in the event of a security breach involving protected health information; restricts certain unauthorized disclosures and sales of health information; clarifies treatment of certain marketing activities; and strengthens enforcement activities, including authorizing civil actions by state attorneys general to enjoin violations of HIPAA and to obtain damages, including penalties, on behalf of residents of the state. Many of the implementation requirements associated with these provisions are being detailed in regulations. For instance, on August 24, 2009, the Department of Health and Human Services issued an interim final rule with comment period to implement the provision requiring notification of breaches of unsecured protected health information. The rule is effective September 23, 2009. The Company currently is assessing the potential impact of these new privacy and security provisions on its operations and is taking steps to assure that it is in material compliance with these new privacy and security provisions in a timely manner. Omnicare cannot predict at this time the costs associated with compliance, or the impact of the new requirements on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
Like most health care providers, the Company was required by the FTC to have in place, by May 1, 2009, a written plan to identify and detect indications of identity theft (so-called “red flags”) and to respond appropriately to prevent and mitigate identity theft. The enforcement date for compliance with the final red flag rule, originally November 1, 2008, has been extended by the FTC on several occasions; the current enforcement deadline is June 1, 2010. Implementation of systems within the Company to comply with these laws and operational compliance carries with it costs and administrative burdens. Failure to comply carries with it the risk of significant penalties and sanctions from regulatory authorities as well as possible civil litigation from affected individuals or the facilities in which they reside. Further, there can be no assurance that improper exposure of personal information of the individuals it serves to third parties will not have an adverse impact on the business and prospects of the Company.
Omnicare has substantial outstanding debt and could incur more debt in the future. Any failure to meet its debt obligations would adversely affect Omnicare’s business and financial condition.
At December 31, 2009, Omnicare’s total consolidated long-term debt (including current maturities) accounted for approximately 35.2% of its total capitalization. In addition, Omnicare and its subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional debt in the future. The instruments governing Omnicare’s current indebtedness contain restrictions on Omnicare’s incurrence of additional debt. These restrictions, however, are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and under certain circumstances, Omnicare could incur substantial additional indebtedness in compliance with these restrictions, including in connection with potential acquisition transactions. Moreover, these restrictions do not prevent Omnicare from incurring obligations that do not constitute debt under the governing documents.
The degree to which Omnicare is leveraged could have important consequences, including:
· | a substantial portion of Omnicare’s cash flow from operations will be required to be dedicated to interest and principal payments and may not be available for operations, working capital, capital expenditures, expansion, acquisitions, dividends or general corporate or other purposes; |
· | Omnicare’s ability to obtain additional financing in the future may be impaired; |
· | Omnicare may be more highly leveraged than its competitors, which may place it at a competitive disadvantage; |
· | Omnicare’s flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in its business and industry may be limited; and |
· | Omnicare’s degree of leverage may make it more vulnerable in the event of a downturn in its business or in its industry or the economy in general. |
Omnicare’s ability to make payments on and to refinance its debt will depend on its ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, business, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond Omnicare’s control.
We cannot assure you that Omnicare’s business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available under its credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable Omnicare to pay its debt or to fund its other liquidity needs. Omnicare may need to refinance all or a portion of its debt on or before maturity. We cannot assure you that Omnicare would be able to refinance any of its debt, including any credit facilities, on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
We are subject to additional risks relating to our acquisition strategy.
One component of our strategy contemplates our making selected acquisitions. Acquisitions involve inherent uncertainties. These uncertainties include our ability to consummate proposed acquisitions on favorable terms or at all, the effect on acquired businesses of integration into a larger organization, and the availability of management resources to oversee the operations of these businesses. The successful integration of acquired businesses will require, among other things:
· | consolidation of financial and managerial functions and elimination of operational redundancies; |
· | achievement of purchasing efficiencies; |
· | the addition and integration of key personnel; and |
· | the maintenance of existing business. |
Even though an acquired business may have experienced positive financial performance as an independent company prior to an acquisition, we cannot be sure that the business will continue to perform positively after an acquisition.
We also may acquire businesses with unknown or contingent liabilities, including liabilities for failure to comply with healthcare laws and regulations, and tax contingencies. We have policies and procedures to conduct reviews of potential acquisition candidates for compliance with healthcare laws and to conform the practices of acquired businesses to our standards and applicable laws. We also generally seek indemnification from sellers covering these matters. We may, however, incur material liabilities for past activities of acquired businesses.
We cannot be sure of the successful completion or integration of any acquisition, or that an acquisition will not have an adverse impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.
We operate in highly competitive businesses.
The long-term care pharmacy business is highly regionalized and, within a given geographic region of operations, highly competitive. Our largest competitor nationally is PharMerica Corporation. In the geographic regions we serve, we also compete with numerous local and regional institutional pharmacies, pharmacies owned by long-term care facilities and local retail pharmacies. While we compete on the basis of quality, price, terms and overall cost-effectiveness, along with the clinical expertise, breadth of services, pharmaceutical technology and professional support we offer, competitive pressures may affect our profitability.
Our contract research organization, or CRO business, competes against other full-service CROs and client internal resources. The CRO industry is highly fragmented with a number of full-service contract research organizations and many small, limited-service providers, some of which serve only local markets. Clients choose a CRO based upon, among other reasons, reputation, references from existing clients, the client’s relationship with the organization, the organization’s experience with the particular type of project and/or therapeutic area of clinical development, the organization’s ability to add value to the client’s development plan, the organization’s financial stability and the organization’s ability to provide the full range of services required by the client.
We are dependent on our senior management team and our pharmacy professionals.
We are highly dependent upon the members of our senior management and our pharmacists and other pharmacy professionals. Our business is managed by a small number of key management personnel who have been extensively involved in the success of our business, including Joel F. Gemunder, our President and Chief Executive Officer. If we were unable to retain these persons, we might be adversely affected. There is a limited pool of senior management personnel with significant experience in our industry. Accordingly, we believe we could experience significant difficulty in replacing key management personnel. Although we have employment contracts with our key management personnel, these contracts generally may be terminated without cause by either party.
In addition, our continued success depends on our ability to attract and retain pharmacists and other pharmacy professionals. Competition for qualified pharmacists and other pharmacy professionals is strong. The loss of pharmacy personnel or the inability to attract, retain or motivate sufficient numbers of qualified pharmacy professionals could adversely affect our business. Although we generally have been able to meet our staffing requirements for pharmacists and other pharmacy professionals in the past, our inability to do so in the future could have a material adverse effect on us.
ITEM 1B. – UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. – PROPERTIES
We have facilities including offices, distribution centers, warehouses and other key operating facilities (e.g., institutional pharmacies, etc.) in various locations within and outside of the U.S. As of December 31, 2009, we operated a total of 248 facilities, 8 of which we owned, while the remaining were leased. The owned facilities are held in fee and are not subject to any material encumbrance. We consider all of these facilities to be in good operating condition and generally to be adequate for present and anticipated needs.
| | Pharmacy | | CRO | | | | | | Total |
| | Services | | Services | | Corporate | | Total | | Square |
U.S. State/Country | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Footage |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Alabama | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 17,949 |
Arizona | | 4 | | | | | | 4 | | 25,985 |
Arkansas | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 22,800 |
California | | 13 | | 2 | | | | 15 | | 261,827 |
Colorado | | 3 | | | | | | 3 | | 25,199 |
Connecticut | | 3 | | | | | | 3 | | 71,700 |
District of Columbia | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | | 1,073 |
Florida | | 9 | | | | 1 | | 10 | | 129,471 |
Georgia | | 2 | | 1 | | | | 3 | | 28,220 |
Idaho | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 7,826 |
Illinois | | 8 | | | | | | 8 | | 206,096 |
Indiana | | 4 | | | | | | 4 | | 127,924 |
Iowa | | 4 | | | | | | 4 | | 33,324 |
Kansas | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 10,000 |
Kentucky | | 6 | | | | 2 | | 8 | | 377,409 |
Louisiana | | 3 | | | | | | 3 | | 29,867 |
Maine | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 20,613 |
Maryland | | 15 | | | | | | 15 | | 233,372 |
Massachusetts | | 5 | | | | | | 5 | | 50,929 |
Michigan | | 5 | | | | | | 5 | | 60,133 |
Minnesota | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 28,255 |
Mississippi | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 4,175 |
Missouri | | 6 | | | | | | 6 | | 113,569 |
Montana | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 3,500 |
Nebraska | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 9,772 |
Nevada | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 23,033 |
New Hampshire | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 22,400 |
New Jersey | | 6 | | | | | | 6 | | 120,237 |
New Mexico | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 9,454 |
New York | | 8 | | 1 | | | | 9 | | 165,724 |
North Carolina | | 6 | | | | | | 6 | | 72,815 |
Ohio | | 15 | | | | | | 15 | | 387,505 |
Oklahoma | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 46,405 |
Oregon | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 36,410 |
Pennsylvania | | 14 | | 1 | | | | 15 | | 542,132 |
Rhode Island | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 10,000 |
South Carolina | | 4 | | | | | | 4 | | 53,188 |
South Dakota | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 8,960 |
Tennessee | | 4 | | | | | | 4 | | 100,184 |
Texas | | 12 | | | | | | 12 | | 95,497 |
Utah | | 3 | | | | | | 3 | | 48,306 |
Vermont | | 1 | | | | | | 1 | | 5,000 |
Virginia | | 10 | | | | | | 10 | | 127,784 |
Washington | | 11 | | | | | | 11 | | 77,280 |
West Virginia | | 2 | | | | | | 2 | | 25,084 |
Wisconsin | | 5 | | | | | | 5 | | 81,340 |
| | Pharmacy | | CRO | | | | | | Total |
| | Services | | Services | | Corporate | | Total | | Square |
Country | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Facilities | | Footage |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Argentina | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 4,930 |
Australia | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 4,079 |
Belgium | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 4,251 |
Canada | | 1 | | 1 | | | | 2 | | 2,908 |
China | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | 5,280 |
Czech Republic | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 2,723 |
France | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 4,871 |
Germany | | | | 3 | | | | 3 | | 51,850 |
Hungary | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1,940 |
India | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | | 14,800 |
Japan | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 744 |
Phillippines | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 435 |
Poland | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 2,577 |
Russia | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1,841 |
Singapore | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 2,260 |
South Korea | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 592 |
Spain | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 1,346 |
Taiwan | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 890 |
Ukraine | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 377 |
United Kingdom | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | 9,590 |
| | 215 | | 29 | | 4 | | 248 | | 4,078,010 |
ITEM 3. - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On May 18, 2006, an antitrust and fraud action entitled Omnicare, Inc. v. UnitedHealth Group, Inc., et al., 2:06-cv-00103-WOB, was filed by the Company in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky against UnitedHealth Group, Inc., PacifiCare Health Systems, Inc., and RxSolutions, Inc. d/b/a Prescription Solutions, asserting claims of violations of federal and state antitrust laws, civil conspiracy and common law fraud arising out of an alleged conspiracy by defendants to illegally and fraudulently coordinate their negotiations with the Company for Medicare Part D contracts as part of an effort to defraud the Company and fix prices. The complaint seeks, among other things, damages, injunctive relief and reformation of certain contracts. On June 5, 2006, the Company filed a first supplemental and amended complaint in which it asserted the identical claims. In an order dated November 9, 2006, a motion by defendants to transfer venue to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois was granted, but a motion to dismiss the antitrust claims was denied without prejudice, with leave to refile in the transferee court. On January 16, 2009, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois granted a motion for summary judgment filed by the defendants. On January 21, 2009, the Company filed a Notice of Appeal of the judgment and the related orders to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. On June 9, 2009, the Company filed its appellate brief in the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. On July 10, 2009, defendants filed their appellate brief, and on July 23, 2009, the Company filed its reply brief. The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral argument on the matter on November 13, 2009 and thereafter took the appeal under submission.
On January 8, 2010, a qui tam complaint, entitled United States ex rel. Resnick and Nehls v. Omnicare, Inc., Morris Esformes, Phillip Esformes and Lancaster Ltd. d/b/a Lancaster Health Group, No. 1:07cv5777, that was filed under seal with the U.S. District Court in Chicago, Illinois was unsealed by the court. The U.S. Department of Justice and the State of Illinois have notified the court that they have declined to intervene in this action. The complaint was brought by Adam Resnick and Maureen Nehls as private party “qui tam relators” on behalf of the federal government and two state governments. The action alleges civil violations of the False Claims Act and certain state statutes based on allegations that Omnicare acquired certain institutional pharmacies at above-market rates in violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute and applicable state statutes. The Company has not been served with the complaint in this action. The Company believes that the allegations are without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself in this action if pursued.
As previously disclosed, the U.S. Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts had been investigating allegations under the False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. (§) 3729, et seq. and various state false claims statutes in five qui tam complaints (Maguire, Kammerer, Lisitza and two sealed complaints) concerning the Company’s relationships with certain manufacturers and distributors of pharmaceutical products and certain customers, as well as with respect to contracts with certain companies acquired by the Company. The complaints in these cases, which have been dismissed with prejudice by the relators pursuant to the settlement described below (including the two sealed complaints, which have now been unsealed as part of the settlement), alleged that the Company violated the False Claims Act when it submitted claims for name brand drugs when actually providing generic versions of the same drug to nursing homes; provided consultant pharmacist services to its customers at below-market rates to induce the referral of pharmaceutical business; accepted discounts from drug manufacturers in return for recommending that certain pharmaceuticals be prescribed to nursing home residents; accepted rebates, post-purchase discounts, grants and other forms of remuneration from drug manufacturers in return for purchasing pharmaceuticals from those manufacturers and taking steps to increase the purchase of those manufacturers’ drugs; made false statements and omissions to physicians in connection with its recommendations of those pharmaceuticals; substituted certain pharmaceuticals without physician authorization; accepted payments from certain generic drug manufacturers in return for entering into purchase arrangements with them; acquired certain institutional pharmacies at above-market rates to obtain contracts between those pharmacies and nursing homes; and made a payment to certain nursing home chains in return for the referral of pharmaceutical business.
On November 2, 2009, the Company entered into a civil settlement agreement, without any finding of wrongdoing or any admission of liability, finalizing a previously disclosed agreement in principle, under which the Company has agreed to pay the federal government and participating state governments $98 million plus interest from June 24, 2009 (the date of the agreement in principle referenced above) and related expenses to settle various alleged civil violations of federal and state laws. The settlement agreements release the Company from claims that the Company allegedly violated various federal and state laws due to the Company having allegedly made a payment to certain nursing home chains in return for the referral of pharmaceutical business; allegedly provided consultant pharmacist services to its customers at rates below the Company's cost of providing the services and below fair market value to induce the referral of pharmaceutical business; allegedly accepted a payment from a generic drug manufacturer allegedly in exchange for purchasing that manufacturer’s products and recommending that physicians prescribe such products to nursing home patients; and allegedly accepted rebates, grants and other forms of remuneration from a drug manufacturer to induce the Company to recommend that physicians prescribe one of the manufacturer’s drugs, and the rebate agreements conditioned payment of the rebates upon the Company engaging in an “active intervention program” to convince physicians to prescribe the drug and requiring that all competitive products be prior authorized for the drug’s failure, where the Company failed to disclose to physicians that such intervention activities were a condition of it receiving such rebate payments.
The Company denies the contentions of the qui tam relators and the federal government as set forth in the settlement agreement and the complaints. A substantial majority of states in which the Company does business are expected to participate in this settlement. In addition, the Department of Justice has advised the Company that it has no present intention of pursuing an investigation and/or filing suit under the False Claims Act against the Company with respect to allegations in the qui tam complaints that, during 1999-2003, pharmaceutical manufacturers named as defendants in the complaints made payments to the Company in return for the Company recommending and/or purchasing such manufacturers' drugs.
Pursuant to stipulations of dismissal executed in connection with the settlement agreement, the five complaints were dismissed. As part of the settlement agreement, the Company also entered into an amended and restated corporate integrity agreement (“CIA”) with the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General with a term of five years from November 2, 2009. Pursuant to the CIA, the Company is required, among other things, to (i) create procedures designed to ensure that each existing, new or renewed arrangement with any actual or potential source of health care business or referrals to Omnicare or any actual or potential recipient of health care business or referrals from Omnicare does not violate the Anti-Kickback Statute, 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b(b) or related regulations, directives and guidance, including creating and maintaining a database of such arrangements; (ii) retain an independent review organization to review the Company’s compliance with the terms of the CIA and report to OIG regarding that compliance; and (iii) provide training for certain Company employees as to the Company’s requirements under the CIA. The requirements of the Company’s prior corporate integrity agreement obligating the Company to create and maintain procedures designed to ensure that all therapeutic interchange programs are developed and implemented by Omnicare consistent with the CIA and federal and state laws for obtaining prior authorization from the prescriber before making a therapeutic interchange of a drug have been incorporated into the amended and restated CIA without modification. The requirements of the CIA are expected to result in increased costs to maintain the Company’s compliance program and greater scrutiny by federal regulatory authorities. Violations of the corporate integrity agreement could subject the Company to significant monetary penalties. Consistent with the CIA, the Company is reviewing its contracts to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. As a result of this review, pricing under certain of its consultant pharmacist services contracts will need to be increased, and there can be no assurance that such pricing will not result in the loss of certain contracts.
On February 2 and February 13, 2006, respectively, two substantially similar putative class action lawsuits, entitled Indiana State Dist. Council of Laborers & HOD Carriers Pension & Welfare Fund v. Omnicare, Inc., et al., No. 2:06cv26 (“HOD Carriers”), and Chi v. Omnicare, Inc., et al., No. 2:06cv31 (“Chi”), were filed against Omnicare and two of its officers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky purporting to assert claims for violation of §§10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and seeking, among other things, compensatory damages and injunctive relief. The complaints, which purported to be brought on behalf of all open-market purchasers of Omnicare common stock from August 3, 2005 through January 27, 2006, alleged that Omnicare had artificially inflated its earnings by engaging in improper generic drug substitution and that defendants had made false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and prospects. On April 3, 2006, plaintiffs in the HOD Carriers case formally moved for consolidation and the appointment of lead plaintiff and lead counsel pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. On May 22, 2006, that motion was granted, the cases were consolidated, and a lead plaintiff and lead counsel were appointed. On July 20, 2006, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint, adding a third officer as a defendant and new factual allegations primarily relating to revenue recognition, the valuation of receivables and the valuation of inventories. On October 31, 2006, plaintiffs moved for leave to file a second amended complaint, which was granted on January 26, 2007, on the condition that no further amendments would be permitted absent extraordinary circumstances. Plaintiffs thereafter filed their second amended complaint on January 29, 2007. The second amended complaint (i) expands the putative class to include all purchasers of Omnicare common stock from August 3, 2005 through July 27, 2006, (ii) names two members of the Company’s board of directors as additional defendants, (iii) adds a new plaintiff and a new claim for violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 based on alleged false and misleading statements in the registration statement filed in connection with the Company’s December 2005 public offering, (iv) alleges that the Company failed to timely disclose its contractual dispute with UnitedHealth Group, Inc. and its affiliates (“United”), and (v) alleges that the Company failed to timely record certain special litigation reserves. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint on March 12, 2007, claiming that plaintiffs had failed adequately to plead loss causation, scienter or any actionable misstatement or omission. That motion was fully briefed as of May 1, 2007. In response to certain arguments relating to the individual claims of the named plaintiffs that were raised in defendants’ pending motion to dismiss, plaintiffs filed a motion to add, or in the alternative, to intervene an additional named plaintiff, Alaska Electrical Pension Fund, on July 27, 2007. On October 12, 2007, the court issued an opinion and order dismissing the case and denying plaintiffs’ motion to add an additional named plaintiff. On November 9, 2007, plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit with respect to the dismissal of their case. Oral argument was held on September 18, 2008. On October 21, 2009, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals generally affirmed the district court’s dismissal, dismissing plaintiff’s claims for violation of §§10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5, as well as affirming the denial of Alaskan Electrical Pension Fund’s motion to intervene. However, the appellate court reversed the dismissal of the claim brought for violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, remanding the case to the district court for further proceedings, including application of the rule requiring plaintiffs to allege fraud with particularity to their Section 11 claim. On November 3, 2009, plaintiffs filed a motion in the Court of Appeals seeking a rehearing or a rehearing en banc with respect to a single aspect of the Court's decision, namely, whether the federal rule requiring pleading with particularity should apply to their claim under Section 11 of the Securities Act. On December 16, 2009, that petition was denied, and on January 13, 2010, that Court issued its mandate by which the Section 11 claim was remanded to the district court for further proceedings consistent with the decision and order of October 21, 2009.
Information pertaining to other Legal Proceedings involving the Company is further discussed in the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” of this Filing.
Although the Company cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the matters described in the preceding paragraphs other than as disclosed and elsewhere in this Filing, there can be no assurance that the resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
As part of its ongoing operations, the Company is subject to various inspections, audits, inquiries and similar actions by governmental/regulatory authorities responsible for enforcing laws and regulations to which the Company is subject, including reviews of individual Omnicare pharmacy's reimbursement documentation and administrative practices.
ITEM 4. - SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
ADDITIONAL ITEM - EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY
Our executive officers of the Company at the time of this Filing are as follows:
| | | | | | First Elected to |
Name | | Age | | Office (1) | | Present Office |
| | | | | | |
Joel F. Gemunder | | 70 | | President and Chief Executive Officer (2) | | May 20, 1981 |
| | | | | | |
Patrick E. Keefe | | 64 | | Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (3) | | January 16, 2007 |
| | | | | | |
John L. Workman | | 58 | | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (4) | | November 18, 2009 |
| | | | | | |
W. Gary Erwin | | 57 | | Senior Vice President - Professional Services (5) | | September 28, 2006 |
| | | | | | |
Leo P. Finn III | | 51 | | Senior Vice President - Strategic Planning and Development (6) | | August 15, 2005 |
| | | | | | |
Cheryl D. Hodges | | 57 | | Senior Vice President and Secretary | | February 8, 1994 |
| | | | | | |
Beth A. Kinerk | | 41 | | Senior Vice President - Sales and Customer Development (7) | | May 26, 2009 |
| | | | | | |
Jeffrey M. Stamps | | 50 | | Senior Vice President - Pharmacy Operations (8) | | May 26, 2009 |
| | | | | | |
Mark G. Kobasuk | | 52 | | Vice President - General Counsel (9) | | June 20, 2006 |
(1) | Executive officers are elected for one-year terms at the annual organizational meeting of the Board of Directors, which follows the annual meeting of stockholders. |
(2) | Mr. Gemunder was appointed Chief Executive Officer of the Company on May 21, 2001, having served as the President and a principal executive officer of the Company since 1981. |
(3) | Mr. Keefe was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer on January 16, 2007. From August 2005 – January 2007, Mr. Keefe served as Executive Vice President – Global Markets. From February 1997 until August 2005, he served as Executive Vice President – Operations, and from 1994 to 1997 as Senior Vice President of Operations. Prior to that time, Mr. Keefe joined Omnicare in 1993 as Vice President of Operations. |
(4) | Mr. Workman was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on November 18, 2009. From 2004 to 2009, Mr. Workman served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of HealthSouth Corporation. Prior to joining HealthSouth Corporation, Mr. Workman served as Chief Executive Officer of U.S. Can Corporation where he also served as Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer during his six year tenure. Before that he spent more than 14 years with Montgomery Ward & Company, Inc., serving in various capacities within the company’s financial organization, including Controller, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Restructuring Officer. Mr. Workman began his career with the public accounting firm KPMG, where he was a partner. |
(5) | Dr. Erwin was appointed Senior Vice President – Professional Services on September 28, 2006. From July 2000 – September 2006, Dr. Erwin served as Vice President – Health Care Systems Programs and President of Omnicare Senior Health Outcomes. Prior to that time, Dr. Erwin served Omnicare as Vice President – Health Systems Programs. Before joining Omnicare in 1997, Dr. Erwin served as Vice President for Professional Programs, and Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science. In addition, he was on the faculty at the University of Georgia, where he specialized in geriatric pharmacotherapy and long-term care. |
(6) | Mr. Finn was appointed Senior Vice President – Strategic Planning and Development on August 15, 2005. From May 1997 – August 2005, Mr. Finn served as Vice President – Strategic Planning and Development. From 1995 to 1997, he served as Regional Vice President of Operations for the Company’s Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin pharmacy operations. Prior to that time, Mr. Finn joined Omnicare in 1990 as Vice President of Business Development. |
(7) | Ms. Kinerk was appointed Senior Vice President – Sales and Customer Development on May 26, 2009. From August 2006 – May 2009, Ms. Kinerk served as Vice President – Customer Development. Before joining Omnicare in 2005, Ms. Kinerk served a Vice President of Sales for NeighborCare, Inc. (“NeighborCare”) from 2004 - 2005. Prior to joining NeighborCare, Ms. Kinerk served as Director of Sales for Innovatix from 2001 – 2004. Prior to that time, Ms. Kinerk served as Eastern Division Sales Manager for NCS Healthcare, Inc. |
(8) | Mr. Stamps was appointed Senior Vice President – Pharmacy Operations on May 26, 2009. From February 2007 – May 2009, Mr. Stamps served as corporate Vice President and Senior Vice President – Field Operations for the Company’s Pharmacy Operations Group. From August 2005 until February 2007, he was corporate Vice President and Senior Vice President of the Central Division of the Pharmacy Operations Group. From 2001 until August 2005, he was Senior Regional Vice President – Eastern Region of the Pharmacy Operations Group. |
(9) | Mr. Kobasuk was appointed Vice President – General Counsel on June 20, 2006. Mr. Kobasuk was a partner of Taft, Stettinius and Hollister LLP from 1998 until June 2006. |
ITEM 5. - MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Price Range of Common Stock; Holders of Record
Our Common Stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, and the following table sets forth the ranges of high and low closing prices during each of the calendar quarters of 2009 and 2008.
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | High | | | Low | | | High | | | Low | |
First Quarter | | $ | 29.33 | | | $ | 22.06 | | | $ | 24.79 | | | $ | 15.59 | |
Second Quarter | | $ | 28.22 | | | $ | 23.85 | | | $ | 26.32 | | | $ | 18.18 | |
Third Quarter | | $ | 27.23 | | | $ | 22.52 | | | $ | 32.61 | | | $ | 24.03 | |
Fourth Quarter | | $ | 24.71 | | | $ | 21.47 | | | $ | 29.09 | | | $ | 19.71 | |
The number of holders of record of our Common Stock on January 29, 2010 was 2,311. This amount does not include stockholders with shares held under beneficial ownership in nominee name or within clearinghouse positions of brokerage firms and banks.
Stock Performance Graph
The following graph compares the cumulative total return for the last five years on a $100 investment (assuming dividend reinvestment) on December 31, 2004 in each of the Common Stock of the Company, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and the S&P 500 Health Care Index.
| | December 31, | |
| | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2006 | | | 2007 | | | 2008 | | | 2009 | |
Omnicare, Inc. | | $ | 100.00 | | | $ | 165.59 | | | $ | 112.03 | | | $ | 66.34 | | | $ | 81.03 | | | $ | 70.83 | |
S&P 500 | | | 100.00 | | | | 104.89 | | | | 121.46 | | | | 128.13 | | | | 80.73 | | | | 102.08 | |
S&P 500 Health Care Index | | | 100.00 | | | | 106.48 | | | | 114.50 | | | | 122.84 | | | | 94.84 | | | | 113.53 | |
Dividends
On February 11, 2010, the Board of Directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.0225, for an indicated annual rate of $0.09 per common share for 2010, which is consistent with annual dividends paid per common share for the 2009 and 2008 years. It is presently intended that cash dividends on common shares will continue to be paid on a quarterly basis; however, there can be no assurances as future dividends are necessarily dependent upon our future earnings and financial condition and other factors not currently determinable.
Stock Repurchases
A summary of Omnicare’s repurchases of the Company’s common stock during the quarter ended December 31, 2009 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
Period | | Total Number of Shares Purchased (a) | | | Average Price Paid per Share | | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | | Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that Must Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |
October 1 - 31, 2009 | | | 1 | | | $ | 22.53 | | | | - | | | | - | |
November 1 - 30, 2009 | | | 25 | | | | 21.92 | | | | - | | | | - | |
December 1 - 31, 2009 | | | 43 | | | | 24.40 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | | 69 | | | $ | 23.48 | | | | - | | | | - | |
(a) | During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company purchased 69 shares of Omnicare common stock in connection with its employee benefit plans, including purchases associated with the vesting of restricted stock awards. These purchases were not made pursuant to a publicly announced repurchase plan or program. | |
Additional information regarding our equity compensation plans is included at Items 8 and 12 of this Filing.
ITEM 6. - SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table summarizes certain selected financial data and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included at Items 8 and 7, respectively, of this Filing. All amounts disclosed herein relate to the Company’s continuing operations unless otherwise stated.
Five-Year Summary of Selected Financial Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands, except per share data) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the years ended and at December 31, (as adjusted) | |
| | 2009 (d) | | | 2008 (d)(i) | | | 2007 (d)(i) | | | 2006 (d)(i) | | | 2005 (d)(i) | |
INCOME STATEMENT DATA:(a)(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales (c) | | $ | 6,166,209 | | | $ | 6,205,715 | | | $ | 6,100,394 | | | $ | 6,366,548 | | | $ | 5,201,362 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 234,816 | | | $ | 144,526 | | | $ | 101,984 | | | $ | 168,430 | | | $ | 222,768 | |
Discontinued operations (d) | | | (22,893 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) | | | (2,379 | ) | | | 1,788 | | | | 2,918 | |
Net income | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | 99,605 | | | $ | 170,218 | | | $ | 225,686 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share data - Basic (e): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.01 | | | $ | 1.23 | | | $ | 0.85 | | | $ | 1.42 | | | $ | 2.15 | |
Discontinued operations (d) | | | (0.20 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | 0.02 | | | | 0.03 | |
Net income | | $ | 1.81 | | | $ | 1.20 | | | $ | 0.83 | | | $ | 1.44 | | | $ | 2.18 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share data - Diluted (e): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.00 | | | $ | 1.22 | | | $ | 0.84 | | | $ | 1.38 | | | $ | 2.07 | |
Discontinued operations (d) | | | (0.19 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | 0.01 | | | | 0.03 | |
Net income | | $ | 1.80 | | | $ | 1.19 | | | $ | 0.82 | | | $ | 1.39 | | | $ | 2.09 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividends per common share | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.09 | |
Weighted average number of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 117,094 | | | | 117,466 | | | | 119,380 | | | | 118,480 | | | | 103,551 | |
Diluted | | | 117,777 | | | | 118,313 | | | | 121,258 | | | | 122,536 | | | | 108,804 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
BALANCE SHEET DATA (at end of period):(a) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 275,709 | | | $ | 214,668 | | | $ | 274,200 | | | $ | 137,631 | | | $ | 210,935 | |
Working capital (current assets less current liabilities) | | | 1,599,558 | | | | 1,730,904 | | | | 1,803,990 | | | | 1,872,427 | | | | 1,360,391 | |
Goodwill | | | 4,273,695 | | | | 4,211,221 | | | | 4,300,484 | | | | 4,183,326 | | | | 3,987,797 | |
Total assets | | | 7,324,104 | | | | 7,450,245 | | | | 7,583,370 | | | | 7,387,126 | | | | 7,145,124 | |
Long-term debt (excluding current portion), net of swap (f)(i) | | | 1,980,239 | | | | 2,352,824 | | | | 2,416,131 | | | | 2,525,067 | | | | 2,266,577 | |
Stockholders' equity (f)(i) | | | 3,875,993 | | | | 3,654,869 | | | | 3,540,823 | | | | 3,427,022 | | | | 3,218,971 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:(a) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations | | $ | 482,349 | | | $ | 436,156 | | | $ | 501,850 | | | $ | 110,845 | | | $ | 261,344 | |
EBITDA from continuing operations(g) | | | 582,141 | | | | 513,080 | | | | 452,605 | | | | 589,784 | | | | 592,267 | |
Net cash flows used by investing activities from continuing operations | | | (144,280 | ) | | | (283,786 | ) | | | (194,446 | ) | | | (125,590 | ) | | | (2,645,539 | ) |
Capital expenditures(h) | | | (30,865 | ) | | | (59,606 | ) | | | (42,828 | ) | | | (29,969 | ) | | | (23,675 | ) |
Net cash flows from financing activities from continuing operations | | | (275,929 | ) | | | (208,706 | ) | | | (173,747 | ) | | | (59,638 | ) | | | 2,511,999 | |
See the related notes to Five-Year Summary of Selected Financial Data on the following pages.
(a) | Omnicare, Inc. (“Omnicare” or the “Company”) has had an active acquisition program in effect since 1989, which impacts the comparability of the Company’s results. See the “Acquisitions” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning acquisitions. |
(b) | The following aftertax charges/(credits) are included in net income for the years ended December 31 (in thousands): |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Call premium and write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs (1) | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 20,364 | |
Restructuring and other related charges (2) | | | 18,038 | | | | 21,871 | | | | 17,300 | | | | 18,758 | | | | 11,760 | |
Litigation and other related charges (3) | | | 53,589 | | | | 68,724 | | | | 26,380 | | | | 100,507 | | | | - | |
Repack matters (3) | | | (705 | ) | | | 3,940 | | | | 10,669 | | | | 21,232 | | | | - | |
Acquisition and other related costs (4) | | | 866 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Amortization of discount on convertible notes (1) | | | 17,309 | | | | 16,220 | | | | 15,037 | | | | 13,940 | | | | 930 | |
Other expense (5)(2) | | | 3,485 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 3,918 | | | | - | |
Total | | $ | 92,582 | | | $ | 110,755 | | | $ | 69,386 | | | $ | 158,355 | | | $ | 33,054 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Memo: Total tax impact (6) | | $ | 47,892 | | | $ | 56,675 | | | $ | 42,247 | | | $ | 58,479 | | | $ | 19,714 | |
(1) | See the "Debt" note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(2) | See the "Restructuring and Other Related Charges" note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(3) | See the "Commitments and Contingencies" note of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(4) | See the "Acquisitions" note of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(5) | See the "Stock-Based Compensation" note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(6) | The tax effect was calculated by multiplying the tax-deductible pretax amounts by the appropriate effective tax rate. |
|
| For the 2006 and 2005 years data, see the respective note in that years consolidated financial statements for additional information on the nature of the charge reflected above. |
(c) | In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income statement characterization of reimbursements received for “out-of-pocket” expenses incurred, Omnicare has recorded reimbursements received for “out-of-pocket” expenses on a grossed-up basis in the income statement as net sales and cost of sales. This authoritative guidance relates solely to the Company's contract research services business. |
(d) | In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses (“the disposal group”) that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within twelve months. See further discussion at the “Discontinued Operations” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. All amounts disclosed in these consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented on a continuing operations basis unless otherwise stated. |
(e) | Earnings per share for continuing operations, discontinued operations and net income are reported independently for each amount presented. Accordingly, the sum of the individual amounts may not necessarily equal the separately calculated amounts for the corresponding period. |
(f) | During the fourth quarter of 2005, the Company completed its offerings of $225 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% senior subordinated notes due 2013, $525 million aggregate principal amount of 6.875% senior subordinated notes due 2015, $977.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior debentures due 2035 (including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional debentures), and 12,825,000 shares of common stock (not including the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares), $1 par value, at $59.72 per share. During January 2006, the underwriters of the common stock offering completed by the Company in December 2005 exercised their option, in part, to purchase an additional 850,000 shares of common stock, $1 par value, at $59.72 per share. See the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on these transactions. |
(g) | “EBITDA” represents earnings before interest (net of investment income), income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Omnicare uses EBITDA primarily as an indicator of the Company’s ability to service its debt, and believes that certain investors find EBITDA to be a useful financial measure for the same purpose. However, EBITDA does not represent net cash flows from operating activities, as defined by United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. GAAP”), and should not be considered as a substitute for operating cash flows as a measure of liquidity. Omnicare’s calculation of EBITDA may differ from the calculation of EBITDA by others. The following is a reconciliation of EBITDA to net cash flows from operating activities for the years ended December 31 (in thousands): |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
EBITDA from continuing operations | | $ | 582,141 | | | $ | 513,080 | | | $ | 452,605 | | | $ | 589,784 | | | $ | 592,267 | |
(Subtract)/add: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense, net of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
investment income | | | (110,226 | ) | | | (133,291 | ) | | | (154,358 | ) | | | (158,715 | ) | | | (159,490 | ) |
Income tax provision | | | (97,523 | ) | | | (97,270 | ) | | | (65,123 | ) | | | (127,621 | ) | | | (132,775 | ) |
Changes in assets and liabilities, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
net of effects from acquisition | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and divestiture of businesses | | | 16,229 | | | | 96,351 | | | | 236,171 | | | | (266,209 | ) | | | (148,456 | ) |
Deferred tax provision | | | 91,728 | | | | 57,286 | | | | 32,555 | | | | 73,606 | | | | 109,798 | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | 482,349 | | | | 436,156 | | | | 501,850 | | | | 110,845 | | | | 261,344 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of discontinued operations | | | 1,445 | | | | 2,041 | | | | 3,679 | | | | (2,325 | ) | | | 2,195 | |
Net cash flows from operating activities | | $ | 483,794 | | | $ | 438,197 | | | $ | 505,529 | | | $ | 108,520 | | | $ | 263,539 | |
(h) | Primarily represents the purchase of computer equipment and software; machinery and equipment; and furniture, fixtures and leasehold improvements. |
(i) | Effective January 1, 2009, Omnicare adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement). Financial statements for all prior periods presented have been restated for this change in accounting. See further discussion at the “Change in Method of Accounting for Convertible Debt” note of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
ITEM 7. – MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (“MD&A”)
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements, related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition, see the “Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Regarding Forward-Looking Information” caption below, as well as the “Risk Factors” previously discussed at Item 1A of this Filing. All amounts disclosed herein relate to the Company’s continuing operations unless otherwise stated.
Overview of 2009 and Consolidated Results of Operations
Omnicare, Inc. (“Omnicare” or the “Company”) is a leading pharmaceutical services company. Omnicare is the nation’s largest provider of pharmaceuticals and related pharmacy and ancillary services to long-term healthcare institutions. Omnicare’s clients include primarily skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), assisted living facilities (“ALFs”), retirement centers, independent living communities, hospitals, hospice, and other healthcare settings and service providers. Omnicare is also a provider of specialty pharmaceutical products and support services. At December 31, 2009, Omnicare served long-term care facilities as well as chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,377,000 beds relating to continuing operations, including approximately 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy services business. The comparable number at December 31, 2008 was approximately 1,390,000 relating to continuing operations (including 68,000 patients served by patient assistance programs). Omnicare provides its pharmacy services in 47 states in the United States (“U.S.”), the District of Columbia and Canada at December 31, 2009. Omnicare also provides comprehensive product development and research services for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostic industries in 31 countries worldwide. For further description of the Company’s business activities see the “Business” caption of Part I, Item 1 of this Filing.
The following summary table presents consolidated net sales and results of operations of Omnicare for each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands, except per share amounts). The Company has disclosed in this MD&A, with the exception of EBITDA (discussed below) and days sales outstanding, only those measures that are in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”).
| | For the years ended December 31, (as adjusted) | |
| | 2009 (a) | | | 2008 (a)(b) | | | 2007 (a)(b) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 6,166,209 | | | $ | 6,205,715 | | | $ | 6,100,394 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 234,816 | | | $ | 144,526 | | | $ | 101,984 | |
Discontinued operations (a) | | | (22,893 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) | | | (2,379 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | 99,605 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share data - Basic(c): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.01 | | | $ | 1.23 | | | $ | 0.85 | |
Discontinued operations (a) | | | (0.20 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 1.81 | | | $ | 1.20 | | | $ | 0.83 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share data - Diluted(c): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.00 | | | $ | 1.22 | | | $ | 0.84 | |
Discontinued operations (a) | | | (0.19 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 1.80 | | | $ | 1.19 | | | $ | 0.82 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA from continuing operations(d) | | $ | 582,141 | | | $ | 513,080 | | | $ | 452,605 | |
(a) | In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses (“the disposal group”) that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within twelve months. See further discussion at the “Discontinued Operations” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(b) | Effective January 1, 2009, Omnicare adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement). Financial statements for all prior periods presented have been restated for this change in accounting. See further discussion at the “Change in Method of Accounting for Convertible Debt” note of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(c) | Earnings per share for continuing operations, discontinued operations and net income are reported independently for each amount presented. Accordingly, the sum of the individual amounts may not necessarily equal the separately calculated amounts for the corresponding period. |
(d) | “EBITDA” represents earnings before interest (net of investment income), income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Omnicare uses EBITDA primarily as an indicator of the Company’s ability to service its debt, and believes that certain investors find EBITDA to be a useful financial measure for the same purpose. However, EBITDA does not represent net cash flows from operating activities, as defined by U.S. GAAP, and should not be considered as a substitute for operating cash flows as a measure of liquidity. The Company’s calculation of EBITDA may differ from the calculation of EBITDA by others. See Five-Year Summary of Selected Financial Data for a reconciliation of EBITDA to net cash flows from operating activities, at Part II, Item 6 of this Filing. |
The results for the year ended December 31, 2009 continued to be impacted by the unilateral reduction in April 2006 by UnitedHealth Group, Inc. and its affiliates (“United”) in the reimbursement rates paid by United to Omnicare by switching to its PacifiCare pharmacy network contract for services rendered by Omnicare to beneficiaries of United’s drug benefit plans under the Medicare Part D program. The differential in reimbursement rates that resulted from United’s action, as compared with reimbursements rates under the originally negotiated contract, reduced sales and operating profit for the year ended December 31, 2009 by approximately $89 million (approximately $55 million aftertax) and cumulatively since April 2006 by approximately $385 million (approximately $239 million aftertax). This matter is currently the subject of litigation initiated by Omnicare. See further discussion at the “Legal Proceedings” section at Part I, Item 3 of this Filing.
2009 vs. 2008
Total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2009 were $6,166.2 million versus $6,205.7 million in the comparable prior-year period. Diluted earnings from continuing operations per share for the year ended December 31, 2009 were $2.00 versus $1.22 in the same prior-year period. Income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $234.8 million versus $144.5 million earned in the comparable 2008 period. In total, including discontinued operations, net income for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $211.9 million, or $1.80 per diluted share, as compared with $140.5 million, or $1.19 per diluted share, earned in 2008. EBITDA from continuing operations totaled $582.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared with $513.1 million for the same period of 2008. In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within twelve months.
Net sales for the year were favorably impacted by drug price inflation, the increased use of certain higher acuity drugs, biologic agents and existing drugs with new therapeutic indications, and acquisitions, as well as growth in specialty pharmacy services. More than offsetting these factors were the unfavorable sales impact of the increased availability and utilization of generic drugs, reductions in reimbursement and/or utilization for certain drugs as well as competitive pricing issues, a lower average number of beds served year-over-year, a shift in mix towards assisted living and lower revenues in the Company’s clinical research organization ("CRO") business. See discussion of sales and operating profit results in more detail at the “Pharmacy Services Segment” and “CRO Services Segment” captions below.
The Company’s consolidated gross profit of $1,495.0 million decreased $57.0 million for the full year 2009 from the same prior-year period amount of $1,552.0 million. Gross profit as a percentage of total net sales was 24.2% for the year ended December 31, 2009, as compared with 25.0% in 2008. Gross profit was favorably impacted in the 2009 period largely due to the increased availability and utilization of higher margin generic drugs, purchasing improvements, the continued integration of acquisition and productivity enhancements, and the favorable effect of drug price inflation. More than offsetting these factors were certain of the aforementioned items that reduced net sales, primarily the reductions in reimbursement and/or utilization for certain drugs, competitive pricing issues and the lower average number of beds served year-over-year.
Increased leverage in purchasing favorably impacts gross profit and is primarily derived through discounts, rebates and other price concessions from suppliers. Leveraging of fixed and variable overhead costs primarily relates to generating higher sales volumes from pharmacy facilities with no or limited increases in fixed costs (e.g., rent, depreciation, etc.) and negligible to moderate increases in variable costs (e.g., utilities, labor, etc.), as well as the elimination of pharmacies through the Company’s productivity and consolidation initiatives, further discussed below. The Company believes it will be able to continue to leverage fixed and variable overhead costs through both internal and acquired growth.
Government and other reimbursement formulas generally adjust to take into account drug price inflation or deflation. In order to enhance its gross profit margins, the Company strategically allocates its resources to those activities that will increase internal sales growth and favorably impact sales mix, or will lower costs. In addition, through the ongoing development of its pharmaceutical purchasing programs, the Company is able to obtain volume discounts and thereby manage its pharmaceutical costs.
Omnicare’s consolidated selling, general and administrative (“operating”) expenses for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $821.7 million were lower than the comparable prior-year amount of $908.6 million, by $86.9 million. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales amounted to 13.3% in 2009, representing a decrease from the 14.6% experienced in the comparable prior-year period. Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2009 were favorably impacted largely by continued progress in the Company’s productivity improvement initiatives, non-drug purchasing initiatives, reductions in employee benefit costs and the continued integration of prior-period acquisitions. These favorable items were partially offset by increased operating costs associated with recent acquisitions.
The provision for doubtful accounts for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $93.2 million was lower than the comparable prior-year amount of $106.4 million, by $13.2 million. Net accounts receivable of approximately $1,209 million at December 31, 2009 was $129 million lower than the December 31, 2008 balance of approximately $1,338 million. Further, accounts receivable days sales outstanding were approximately 74 and 79 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing a year-over-year reduction of 5 days.
Investment income for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $9.7 million was modestly lower than the $9.8 million earned in the comparable prior-year period, primarily due to lower interest rates versus the prior-year.
Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $119.9 million is lower than the $143.1 million in the comparable prior-year period, primarily due to lower debt outstanding resulting from payments aggregating $325 million on the Company’s senior term A loan facility, maturing on July 28, 2010 (the “Term Loans”), throughout 2008 and 2009, payments of $39.1 million to pay off a term note payable in the fourth quarter of 2008 and lower interest rates on variable rate loans.
The effective income tax rate was 29.3% in 2009, as compared to the rate of 40.2% for the same prior-year period. The year-over-year decrease in the effective tax rate is largely due to the reduction of income tax expense in the 2009 period totaling approximately $32 million, primarily attributable to the reversal of certain unrecognized tax benefits for tax positions settled through the expiration of statutes of limitations, partially offset by certain nondeductible litigation costs recognized in the 2009 period. See further discussion at the “Income Taxes” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Special Items
Financial results for the year ended December 31, 2009 from continuing operations included the following charges totaling $140.5 million pretax ($92.6 million aftertax), which primarily impacted the Pharmacy Services segment. Management believes that these special items are either infrequent occurrences or otherwise not related to Omnicare’s ordinary course of business and/or are non-cash in nature:
(i) Operating income included restructuring and other related charges of approximately $29.2 million pretax ($18.0 million aftertax) relating to the implementation of the “Omnicare Full Potential” Plan, a major initiative primarily designed to re-engineer the pharmacy operating model to increase efficiency and enhance customer growth, and including rightsizing of the CRO business. See further discussion at the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” section of this MD&A.
(ii) During 2006, the Company experienced certain quality control and product recall issues, as well as fire damage, at one of its repackaging facilities, as described in further detail at the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Repack Matters”). The year ended December 31, 2009 includes a special charge/(credit) of ($1.1) million pretax (approximately $(2.6) million and $1.5 million was recorded in the cost of sales and operating expense sections of the Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively) ($(0.7) million aftertax), which is primarily due to insurance recoveries relating to the Repack Matters, partially offset by increased costs precipitated by the Repack Matters. The Company maintains product recall, property and casualty and business interruption insurance, and the extent of insurance recovery for these expenses is currently being reviewed by its outside advisors. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has received approximately $10 million in insurance recoveries.
(iii) Operating income included special litigation and other related charges of $77.4 million pretax ($53.6 million aftertax) for litigation-related settlements and professional expenses primarily in connection with the investigation by the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts, the Company’s lawsuit against United, certain other large customer disputes, the Company’s response to subpoenas it received relating to other legal proceedings to which the Company is not a party, and the purported class and derivative actions. With respect to these proceedings to which the Company is a party, including the investigation by the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts, see further discussion at the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and the “Legal Proceedings” section at Part I, Item 3 of this Filing. Additionally, in connection with Omnicare’s participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other healthcare programs, the Company maintains a compliance program which establishes certain routine periodic monitoring of the accuracy of the Company’s billing systems and other regulatory compliance matters and encourages the reporting of errors and inaccuracies. As a result of this program, Omnicare has made, and will continue to make, disclosures to the applicable governmental agencies of amounts, if any, determined to represent over-payments from the respective programs and, where applicable, those amounts are included in the pretax special item reflected above.
(iv) Operating income included acquisition and other related costs of approximately $1.4 million pretax ($0.9 million aftertax) related to the implementation of the authoritative guidance for business combination accounting change. These expenses were primarily related to professional fees for 2009 acquisitions, partially offset by reductions in the Company’s original estimate of contingent consideration payable for acquisitions. See further discussion at the “Acquisitions” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
(v) Operating expenses included approximately $5.6 million in pretax charges ($3.5 million aftertax) relating to the prior implementation of the authoritative guidance for share-based payments accounting change, which primarily relates to non-cash stock option expense. This guidance requires the Company to record compensation costs based on estimated fair values relating to share-based payment transactions, including stock options, in its consolidated financial statements.
(vi) The Company recorded a $28.0 million non-cash charge to pretax interest expense ($17.3 million aftertax) related to the retrospective adoption of the authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) accounting change. See further discussion of this authoritative guidance, including this amortization of discount on convertible notes, at the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Discontinued Operations
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses (“the disposal group”) that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the
Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within twelve months. Selected financial data related to the discontinued operations of this disposal group follows:
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Sales | | $ | 76,454 | | | $ | 104,892 | | | $ | 119,616 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss from discontinued operations of disposal group, pretax | | | (18,014 | ) | | | (6,607 | ) | | | (3,714 | ) |
Income tax benefit | | | 7,186 | | | | 2,554 | | | | 1,335 | |
Loss from discontinued operations of disposal group, aftertax | | | (10,828 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) | | | (2,379 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Impairment charge, pretax | | | (14,492 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
Income tax benefit on impairment charge | | | 2,427 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Impairment charge, aftertax | | | (12,065 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss from discontinued operations, aftertax | | $ | (22,893 | ) | | $ | (4,053 | ) | | $ | (2,379 | ) |
The loss from discontinued operations of disposal group for the 2009 period of $10.8 million in comparison to the same prior year periods primarily reflects the impact of reimbursement reductions from Medicare and other payor groups, as well as market competition and an increased provision for doubtful accounts, partially offset by reduced operating costs.
Restructuring and Other Related Charges
Omnicare Full Potential Program
In 2006, the Company commenced the implementation of the “Omnicare Full Potential” Plan, a major initiative primarily designed to re-engineer the Company’s pharmacy operating model to increase efficiency and enhance customer growth. The Omnicare Full Potential Plan is expected to optimize resources across the entire organization by implementing best practices, including the realignment and right-sizing of functions, and a “hub-and-spoke” model whereby certain key administrative and production functions will be transferred to regional support centers (“hubs”) specifically designed and managed to perform these tasks, with local pharmacies (“spokes”) focusing on time-sensitive services and customer-facing processes. Additionally, in connection with this productivity enhancement initiative, the Company is also right-sizing and consolidating certain CRO operations.
This program is expected to be completed over a multi-year period and is estimated to generate pretax savings in the range of $100 million to $120 million annually upon completion of the initiative. It is anticipated that approximately one-half of these savings will be realized in cost of sales, with the remainder being realized in operating expenses. The program is estimated to result in total pretax restructuring and other related charges of approximately $120 million over this implementation period. The Company recorded restructuring and other related charges for the Omnicare Full Potential Plan of approximately $29 million, $36 million and $29 million pretax during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively (approximately $18 million, $22 million, and $18 million aftertax, respectively), or cumulative aggregate restructuring and other related charges of approximately $112 million before taxes through the year ended December 31, 2009. The remainder of the overall restructuring and other related charges will be recognized and disclosed prospectively, as the remaining portions of the project are finalized and implemented. Incremental capital expenditures related to this program are expected to total approximately $55 million to $60 million over the entire implementation period. The Company eliminated approximately 1,200 positions in completing its initial phase of the program. The remainder of the program is currently estimated to result in a net reduction of approximately 1,200 positions (1,900 positions eliminated, net of 700 new positions filled in different geographic locations as well as to perform new functions required by the hub-and-spoke model of operations), of which approximately 1,170 positions had been eliminated as of December 31, 2009. The foregoing reductions do not include additional savings expected from lower levels of overtime and reduced temporary labor. The aforementioned savings anticipated upon completion of the program also include reductions in overtime, excess hours and temporary help, and other productivity gains equal to an additional 820 full-time equivalents. In addition, in July 2009, the Company implemented a temporary payroll containment and reduction program across the organization designed to facilitate the achievement of the productivity and efficiency goals associated with the Full Potential Plan.
The restructuring charges primarily include severance pay, the buy-out of employment agreements, lease terminations, and other exit-related asset disposals, professional fees and facility exit costs. The other related charges are primarily comprised of professional fees.
While the Company is working diligently to achieve the estimated savings as discussed above, there can be no assurances as to the ultimate outcome of the program, including the savings and/or related timing thereof, due to the inherent risks associated with the implementation of a project of this magnitude and the related new technologies. Specifically, the potential inability to successfully mitigate implementation risks, including but not necessarily limited to, dependence on third-party suppliers and consultants for the timely delivery of technology as well as its performance at expected capacities, compliance with federal, state and local regulatory requirements; reliance on information technology and telecommunications support, timely completion of facility lease transactions and/or leasehold improvements, and the ability to obtain adequate staffing levels, individually or in the aggregate, could affect the overall success of the program from a savings and/or timing standpoint.
See further discussion at the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2005 Program
As of December 31, 2009, the Company has substantially completed the finalization of its previously disclosed consolidation plans and other productivity initiatives to streamline pharmacy services (related, in part, to the NeighborCare, Inc. (“NeighborCare”) acquisition) and CRO operations, including maximizing workforce and operating asset utilization, and producing a more cost-efficient, operating infrastructure (the “2005 Program”). The remaining liabilities of $1.8 million at December 31, 2009 are not significant and represent amounts not yet paid relating to actions taken in connection with the program (primarily lease payments) and will be settled as these matters are finalized.
See further discussion at the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
For a discussion regarding the Company’s outlook, please see the “Outlook” section of this MD&A.
Pharmacy Services Segment
| | For the years ended December 31, (as adjusted) | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 (a) | | | 2007 (a) | |
Net sales | | $ | 6,009,502 | | | $ | 6,002,395 | | | $ | 5,905,255 | |
Operating income from continuing operations | | $ | 568,502 | | | $ | 503,144 | | | $ | 442,711 | |
(a) | As discussed elsewhere herein, during the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain non-core businesses within its Pharmacy Services segment. The financial results have been revised to reflect such businesses as discontinued operations. |
Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment recorded sales of $6,009.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, up from the 2008 amount of $6,002.4 million by $7.1 million, or 0.1%. At December 31, 2009, Omnicare served long-term care facilities as well as chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,377,000 beds relating to continuing operations, including approximately 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy services business. The comparable number at December 31, 2008 was approximately 1,390,000 relating to continuing operations (including 68,000 specialty pharmacy patients). Pharmacy Services sales were favorably impacted primarily by drug price inflation, the increased use of certain higher acuity drugs, biologic agents and existing drugs with new therapeutic indication, and acquisitions, as well as growth in specialty pharmacy services. Partially offsetting these factors were the increased availability and utilization of generic drugs, reductions in reimbursement and/or utilization of certain drugs as well as competitive pricing issues, a lower average number of beds served year-over-year, and a shift in mix towards assisted living, which typically has lower penetration rates than skilled nursing facilities. While the Company is focused on reducing its costs to mitigate the impact of drug pricing and reimbursement issues, there can be no assurance that such issues or other pricing and reimbursement pressures will not adversely impact the Pharmacy Services segment.
Operating income of the Pharmacy Services segment was $568.5 million in 2009, a $65.4 million increase as compared with the $503.1 million earned in 2008. As a percentage of the segment’s sales, operating income was 9.5% in 2009, compared with 8.4% in 2008. Operating income in 2009 was favorably impacted largely by the increased availability and utilization of higher margin generic drugs, drug
price inflation, growth in specialty pharmacy services, lower bad debt expense, and purchasing improvements, as well as by the continued progress in the Company’s productivity improvement initiatives and the continued integration of prior-period acquisitions. Operating income in 2009 was unfavorably affected primarily by the operating income effect of certain of the aforementioned items that reduced net sales and the year-over-year impact of the special items discussed below. Specifically, operating income of the Pharmacy Services segment included special pretax items of $94.0 million and $136.8 million in the years ended December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Operating income in 2009 included the aforementioned special litigation charges of $77.4 million, restructuring and other related charges of approximately $16.3 million, incremental costs/(credits) associated with the closure of one of the Company’s repackaging facilities of $(1.1) million and acquisition and other related costs of $1.4 million. Operating income in 2008 included the special litigation charges of $99.3 million, restructuring and other related charges of approximately $31.1 million, and incremental costs associated with the closure of one of the Company’s repackaging facilities of $6.4 million, discussed in further detail below.
CRO Services Segment
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Net sales | | $ | 156,707 | | | $ | 203,320 | | | $ | 195,139 | |
Operating (loss) income | | $ | (3,578 | ) | | $ | 15,908 | | | $ | 10,378 | |
Omnicare’s CRO Services segment recorded revenues of $156.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which decreased by $46.6 million, or 22.9%, from the $203.3 million recorded in the same prior-year period. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income statement characterization of reimbursements received for out-of-pocket expenses incurred, the Company included $18.5 million and $31.3 million of reimbursable out-of-pockets in its CRO Services segment reported revenue and cost of sales amounts for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Revenues for 2009 were lower than in the same prior-year period primarily due to lower levels of new business added along with the early termination and client-driven delays in the commencement of certain projects.
Operating (loss)/income in the CRO Services segment was $(3.6) million in 2009 compared with $15.9 million in 2008, a decrease of $19.5 million. As a percentage of the segment’s revenue, operating (loss)/income was (2.3)% in 2009 compared with 7.8% in 2008. This decrease is primarily attributable to the aforementioned factors that reduced sales as well as restructuring charges of $9.3 million pretax incurred to rightsize and reposition the cost structure of the business. Backlog at December 31, 2009 of $205.3 million was $97.6 million lower than the December 31, 2008 backlog of $302.9 million.
While volatility can occur from time to time in the contract research business owing to factors such as the success or failure of its clients’ compounds, the timing or budgetary constraints of its clients, or consolidation within our client base, new drug discovery remains an important priority of drug manufacturers. The Company believes that drug manufacturers, in order to optimize their research and development efforts, will continue to turn to contract research organizations to assist them in drug research development and commercialization.
Total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased to $6,205.7 million from $6,100.4 million in the comparable prior-year period. Diluted earnings from continuing operations per share for the year ended December 31, 2008 were $1.22 versus $0.84 in the same prior-year period. Income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $144.5 million versus $102.0 million earned in the comparable 2007 period. In total, including discontinued operations, net income for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $140.5 million, or $1.19 per diluted share, as compared with $99.6 million, or $0.82 per diluted share, earned in 2007. EBITDA from continuing operations totaled $513.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared with $452.6 million for the same period of 2007. In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within the following twelve months.
Net sales for the year were favorably impacted by acquisitions, drug price inflation, the increased use of certain higher acuity drugs and biologic agents, and growth in specialty pharmacy and CRO Services revenues. Partially offsetting these factors was the unfavorable impact of the increased availability and utilization of generic drugs, a lower number of beds served, combined with a year-over-year shift in mix towards assisted living, reductions in reimbursement and/or utilization for certain drugs as well as competitive pricing issues, and lower revenues reported from copays and rejects under Part D as well as from certain matters currently in litigation. See discussion of sales and operating profit results in more detail at the “Pharmacy Services Segment” and “CRO Services Segment” captions below.
The Company’s consolidated gross profit of $1,552.0 million increased $59.0 million for the full year 2008 from the same prior-year period amount of $1,493.0 million. Gross profit as a percentage of total net sales of 25.0% in the year ended December 31, 2008, increased from the 24.5% experienced during 2007. Gross profit was favorably impacted in the 2008 period largely as a result of the increased availability and utilization of higher margin generic drugs, the integration of acquisitions, the favorable effect of drug price inflation, purchasing improvements and lower incremental costs associated with the closure of the Company’s Heartland repackaging facility as further described below. Largely offsetting these factors was the gross profit impact of certain of the aforementioned items that reduced net sales, primarily the lower net number of beds served and the reductions in reimbursement.
Increased leverage in purchasing favorably impacts gross profit and is primarily derived through discounts, rebates and other price concessions from suppliers. Leveraging of fixed and variable overhead costs primarily relates to generating higher sales volumes from pharmacy facilities with no or limited increases in fixed costs (e.g., rent, depreciation, etc.) and negligible to moderate increases in variable costs (e.g., utilities, labor, etc.), as well as the elimination of pharmacies through the Company’s productivity and consolidation initiatives, further discussed below. The Company believes it will be able to continue to leverage fixed and variable overhead costs through both internal and acquired growth.
Government and other reimbursement formulas generally adjust to take into account drug price inflation or deflation. In order to enhance its gross profit margins, the Company strategically allocates its resources to those activities that will increase internal sales growth and favorably impact sales mix, or will lower costs. In addition, through the ongoing development of its pharmaceutical purchasing programs, the Company is able to obtain volume discounts and thereby manage its pharmaceutical costs.
Omnicare’s consolidated operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008 of $908.6 million were higher than the comparable prior-year amount of $867.9 million, by $40.7 million. Operating expenses as a percentage of net sales amounted to 14.6% in 2008, representing an increase from the 14.2% experienced in the comparable prior-year period. Operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008 were unfavorably impacted largely by increases in employee benefit costs, increased operating costs associated with recent acquisitions and increased delivery costs. Partially offsetting the increased operating expenses were the favorable impact of the Company’s continued integration of acquisitions, purchasing improvements and productivity enhancements.
The provision for doubtful accounts for the year ended December 31, 2008 of $106.4 million was lower than the comparable prior-year amount of $206.8 million, by $100.4 million. The year ended 2007 includes an incremental charge taken in the fourth quarter relating to customer bankruptcies and other legal action against a group of customers for, among other things, the collection of past due receivables, a revised assessment of the administrative and payment issues associated with Prescription Drug Plans under Medicare Part D, particularly relating to the aging of copays and rejected claims, and the resultant adoption by the Company of a modification in its policy with respect to payment authorization for dispensed prescriptions under Medicare Part D and other payors.
Investment income for the year ended December 31, 2008 of $9.8 million was higher than the $8.7 million earned in the comparable prior-year period, primarily due to higher returns on assets invested for the settlement of pension obligations, partially offset by lower interest rates versus the prior-year.
Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 of $143.1 million is lower than the $163.1 million in the comparable prior-year period, primarily due to lower debt outstanding resulting from payments aggregating $200 million on the Term Loans, throughout 2007 and 2008, payments of $39.1 million to pay off a term note payable in 2008 and lower interest rates on variable rate loans.
The effective income tax rate was 40.2% in 2008, as compared to the rate of 39.0% for the same prior-year period. The year-over-year increase in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to certain nondeductible litigation costs recognized in the 2008 period, partially offset by the impact of adjustments to deferred taxes and a change in filing methodology for a state taxing jurisdiction. The effective tax rates in 2008 and 2007 are higher than the federal statutory rate largely as a result of the impact of state and local income taxes and various nondeductible expenses (including a portion of the aforementioned litigation costs in 2008.)
Special Items
Financial results for the year ended December 31, 2008 from continuing operations included the following charges totaling $167.4 million pretax, which primarily impacted the Pharmacy Services segment. Management believes that these special items are either infrequent occurrences or otherwise not related to Omnicare’s ordinary course of business and/or are non-cash in nature:
(i) Operating income included restructuring and other related charges of approximately $35.8 million pretax ($21.9 million aftertax) relating to the implementation of the “Omnicare Full Potential” Plan, a major initiative primarily designed to re-engineer the pharmacy operating model to increase efficiency and enhance customer growth. See further discussion at the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and the “Restructuring and Other Related Charges” section of this MD&A.
(ii) In addressing and resolving the previously mentioned Repack Matters, the Company continues to experience increased costs and, as a result, the year ended December 31, 2008 included special charges of $6.4 million pretax (approximately $5.5 million and $0.9 million was recorded in the cost of sales and operating expense sections of the Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively) ($3.9 million aftertax) for these increased costs. The Company maintains product recall, property and casualty and business interruption insurance, and the extent of insurance recovery for these expenses is currently being reviewed by its outside advisors. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has received no material insurance recoveries.
(iii) Operating income included special litigation and other related charges of $99.3 million pretax ($68.7 million aftertax) for litigation-related settlements and professional expenses in connection with the Company’s lawsuit against United, certain other large customer disputes, the investigation by the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts, the purported class and derivative actions, the investigation by the federal government and certain states relating to drug substitutions, and the Company’s response to subpoenas it received relating to other legal proceedings to which the Company is not a party. With respect to these proceedings to which the Company is a party, including the investigation by the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts, see further discussion at the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and the “Legal Proceedings” section at Part I, Item 3 of this filing.
(iv) The Company recorded a $25.9 million non-cash charge in pretax interest expense ($16.2 million aftertax) related to the retrospective adoption of the authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) accounting change. See further discussion of this authoritative guidance, including this amortization of discount on convertible notes, at the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
For a discussion regarding the Company’s outlook, please see the “Outlook” section of this MD&A.
Pharmacy Services Segment
Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment recorded sales of $6,002.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, up from the 2007 amount of $5,905.3 million by $97.1 million, or 1.6%. At December 31, 2008, Omnicare served long-term care facilities as well as chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,390,000 beds relating to continuing operations, including approximately 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy services business. The comparable number at December 31, 2007 was approximately 1,402,000 relating to continuing operations (including 57,000 specialty pharmacy patients). Pharmacy Services sales were favorably impacted by the impact of acquisitions, drug price inflation, the increased use of certain higher acuity drugs and biologic agents and growth in specialty pharmacy. Partially offsetting these factors was the unfavorable impact of the increased availability and utilization of generic drugs, a lower number of beds served, as well as the impact of a bed mix shift toward assisted living, which typically has lower penetration rates than skilled nursing facilities, reductions in reimbursement and/or utilization of certain drugs as well as competitive pricing issues, and lower revenues reported from copays and rejects under Part D as well as from certain matters currently in litigation. While the Company is focused on reducing its costs to mitigate the impact of drug pricing and reimbursement issues, there can be no assurance that such issues or other pricing and reimbursement pressures will not adversely impact the Pharmacy Services segment.
Operating income of the Pharmacy Services segment was $503.1 million in 2008, a $60.4 million increase as compared with the $442.7 million earned in 2007. As a percentage of the segment’s sales, operating income was 8.4% in 2008, compared with 7.5% in 2007. Operating income in 2008 was favorably impacted largely by the increased availability and utilization of higher margin generic drugs, the Company’s continued integration of acquisitions and productivity enhancements, drug price inflation, lower bad debt expense, and purchasing improvements. Partially offsetting these factors was the operating income effect of certain of the aforementioned items that reduced net sales as well as the year-over-year impact of the special items discussed below. Specifically, operating income of the Pharmacy Services segment included special pretax items of $136.8 million and $79.8 million in the years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively. Operating income in 2008 included the aforementioned special litigation charges of $99.3 million, restructuring and other related charges of approximately $31.1 million, and incremental costs associated with the closure of one of the Company’s repackaging facilities of $6.4 million. Operating income in 2007 included the aforementioned special litigation charges of $42.5 million, restructuring and other related charges of approximately $20.1 million, and incremental costs associated with the closure of one of the Company’s repackaging facilities of $17.2 million.
CRO Services Segment
2008 vs. 2007
Omnicare’s CRO Services segment recorded revenues of $203.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, an increase of $8.2 million, or 4.2%, from the $195.1 million recorded in the same prior-year period. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income statement characterization of reimbursements received for out-of-pocket expenses incurred, the Company included $31.3 million and $31.7 million of reimbursable out-of-pockets in its CRO Services segment reported revenue and direct cost amounts for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Revenues for 2008 were higher than in the same prior-year period primarily due to the commencement and ramp-up of projects that were awarded in 2007 and in 2008, exceeding project completions, terminations and cancellations.
Operating income in the CRO Services segment was $15.9 million in 2008 compared with $10.4 million in 2007, an increase of $5.5 million. As a percentage of the segment’s revenue, operating income was 7.8% in 2008 compared with 5.3% in 2007. This increase is primarily attributable to the favorable impact of the increase in revenues discussed above and the favorable year-over-year impact of special items. Backlog at December 31, 2008 of $302.9 million was $11.4 million lower than the December 31, 2007 backlog of $314.3 million.
The Company estimates that drug price inflation for its highest dollar products during the three years ended December 31, 2009 has ranged between approximately 6% to 7%, which tends to impact sales and costs of sales at approximately the same level. Therefore, inflation has not materially affected Omnicare’s net income, inasmuch as government and other reimbursement formulas generally adjust to take into account drug price inflation or deflation.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2009 were $291.0 million compared with $216.6 million at December 31, 2008 (including restricted cash amounts of $15.3 million and $1.9 million, respectively).
The Company generated positive net cash flows from operating activities of continuing operations of $482.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2009, compared with net cash flows from operating activities of continuing operations of $436.2 million and $501.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Operating cash flows in 2009 were used primarily for debt payments, acquisition-related payments, capital expenditures and dividend payments. Net cash flows from operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2009 were unfavorably impacted by a fourth quarter payment of approximately $63 million due to the previously disclosed settlement with the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts, which was more than offset by the favorable impacts of a reduction in inventory and accounts receivable during the period. Net cash flows from operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 were unfavorably impacted largely by the impact of an extra payment to the Company’s drug wholesaler of approximately $65 million (these payments are due weekly, and the year ended December 31, 2008 included one extra weekly payment), and the related impact on the year-over-year movement in accounts payable, on operating cash flows.
Favorably impacting operating cash flow was the excess of tax deductible interest expense over book interest expense related to the Company's 4% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures and 3.25% Convertible Senior Debentures. This resulted in an increase in the Company’s deferred tax liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 of $28.5 million and $26.3 million, respectively ($117.3 million cumulative as of December 31, 2009). The recorded deferred tax liability could, under certain circumstances, be realized in the future upon conversion or redemption which would serve to reduce operating cash flows.
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations was $144.3 million, $283.8 million and $194.4 million during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Acquisitions of businesses required outlays of $92.9 million (including amounts payable pursuant to acquisition agreements relating to pre-2009 acquisitions) in 2009 relating to nine acquisitions, which were primarily funded by operating cash flows. Acquisitions of businesses during 2008 required cash payments of $225.7 million (including amounts payable pursuant to acquisition agreements relating to pre-2008 acquisitions) which were primarily funded by operating cash flows. Acquisitions of businesses during 2007 required cash payments of $151.1 million (including amounts payable pursuant to acquisition agreements relating to pre-2006 acquisitions), which were primarily funded by operating cash flows. Omnicare’s capital requirements, in addition to the payment of debt and dividends, are primarily comprised of its acquisition program and capital expenditures, largely relating to investments in the Company’s information technology systems and the implementation of the “Omnicare Full Potential” Plan.
Net cash used in financing activities of continuing operations was $275.9 million, $208.7 million and $173.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During 2009, the Company paid down $275 million on the Term Loans. During 2008, the Company completed its $100 million stock repurchase program as further discussed below, paid down $50.0 million on the Term Loans, and paid $39.1 million to completely pay off a term note payable. During 2007 the Company paid down $150 million on the Term Loans.
At December 31, 2009, there were no outstanding borrowings on the $800 million revolving credit facility, and $125 million in borrowings were outstanding on the Term Loans. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $26 million outstanding relating to standby letters of credit, substantially all of which are subject to automatic annual renewals.
On February 11, 2010, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of 2.25 cents per share for an indicated annual rate of 9 cents per common share for 2010, which is consistent with annual dividends paid per common share for the 2009, 2008 and 2007 years. Aggregate dividends of $10.7 million paid during 2009 were relatively consistent with the $10.8 million paid in 2008 and the $11.0 million paid in 2007.
During the second quarter of 2008, the Company repurchased approximately 4.1 million shares of Omnicare’s common stock at a cost of approximately $100 million under a stock buyback program authorized by its Board of Directors.
There were no known material commitments and contingencies outstanding at December 31, 2009, other than the contractual obligations summarized in the “Disclosures About Aggregate Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” caption below, certain acquisition-related payments potentially due in the future, including deferred payments, indemnification payments and payments originating from earnout and other provisions that may become payable, as well as the matters discussed in the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and the “Legal Proceedings” section at Part I, Item 3 of this Filing.
The Company believes that net cash flows from operating activities, credit facilities and existing cash balances will be sufficient to satisfy its future working capital needs, acquisition contingency commitments, debt servicing, capital expenditures and other financing requirements for the foreseeable future. Additionally, the Company believes that external sources of financing, including short- and long-term debt financings, are available. Due to recent conditions in the credit markets, Omnicare may not be able to refinance maturing debt at terms that are as favorable as those from which the Company previously benefited or at terms that are acceptable to Omnicare. In addition, no assurances can be given regarding the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing in the future.
Disclosures About Aggregate Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Aggregate Contractual Obligations:
The following summarizes the Company’s aggregate contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on the Company’s liquidity and cash flows in future periods (in thousands):
| | Total | | | Less Than 1 Year | | | 1-3 Years | | | 4-5 Years | | | After 5 Years | |
Debt obligations(a) | | $ | 2,447,500 | | | $ | 125,000 | | | $ | 475,000 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 1,847,500 | |
Capital lease obligations(a) | | | 6,524 | | | | 2,071 | | | | 2,546 | | | | 1,741 | | | | 166 | |
Operating lease obligations | | | 143,625 | | | | 37,386 | | | | 48,388 | | | | 36,112 | | | | 21,739 | |
Purchase obligations(b) | | | 54,363 | | | | 41,588 | | | | 12,184 | | | | 591 | | | | - | |
Other current obligations(c) | | | 262,444 | | | | 262,444 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Other long-term obligations(d) | | | 276,201 | | | | - | | | | 234,528 | | | | 21,634 | | | | 20,039 | |
Subtotal | | | 3,190,657 | | | | 468,489 | | | | 772,646 | | | | 60,078 | | | | 1,889,444 | |
Future interest relating to debt and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
capital lease obligations(e) | | | 1,449,137 | | | | 105,479 | | | | 207,670 | | | | 180,846 | | | | 955,142 | |
Total contractual cash obligations | | $ | 4,639,794 | | | $ | 573,968 | | | $ | 980,316 | | | $ | 240,924 | | | $ | 2,844,586 | |
(a) | The noted obligation amounts represent the principal portion of the associated debt obligations. Details of the Company’s outstanding debt instruments can be found in the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(b) | Purchase obligations primarily consist of open inventory purchase orders, as well as obligations for other goods and services, at period end. |
(c) Other current obligations primarily consist of accounts payable at period end.
(d) | Other long-term obligations are largely comprised of pension and excess benefit plan obligations, acquisition-related liabilities, as well as accruals relating to uncertain tax positions. |
(e) | Represents estimated future pretax interest costs based on the stated fixed interest rate of the debt, or the variable interest rate in effect at period end for variable interest rate debt. The estimated future interest costs presented in this table do not include any amounts potentially payable associated with the contingent interest and interest reset provisions of the Company’s convertible debentures. To the extent that any debt would be paid off by Omnicare prior to the stated due date or refinanced, the estimated future interest costs would change accordingly. Further, these analyses do not consider the effects of potential changes in the Company’s credit rating on future interest costs, as well as any tax effects associated with the Company’s interest costs. |
As of December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $26 million outstanding relating to standby letters of credit, substantially all of which are subject to automatic annual renewals.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements:
As of December 31, 2009, the Company had two unconsolidated entities, Omnicare Capital Trust I, a statutory trust formed by the Company (the “Old Trust”) and Omnicare Capital Trust II (the “New Trust”), which were established for the purpose of facilitating the offerings of the 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities due 2033 (the “Old Trust PIERS”) and the Series B 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities (the “New Trust PIERS”), respectively. For financial reporting purposes, the Old Trust and New Trust are treated as equity method investments of the Company. The Old Trust and New Trust are 100%-owned finance subsidiaries of the Company. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the securities of the Old Trust and New Trust. The Old 4.00% Debentures issued by the Company to the Old Trust and the New 4.00% Debentures issued by the Company to the New Trust in connection with the issuance of the Old Trust PIERS and the New Trust PIERS, respectively, are presented as a single line item in Omnicare’s consolidated balance sheets and debt footnote disclosures. Additionally, the related disclosures concerning the Old Trust PIERS and the New Trust PIERS, the guarantees, and the Old 4.00% Debentures and New 4.00% Debentures are included in the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Omnicare records interest payable to the Old Trust and New Trust as interest expense in its consolidated statement of income.
As of December 31, 2009, the Company had no other unconsolidated entities, or any financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which might have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Omnicare’s primary market risk exposure relates to variable interest rate risk through its borrowings. Accordingly, market risk loss is primarily defined as the potential loss in earnings due to higher interest rates on variable-rate debt of the Company. The modeling technique used by Omnicare for evaluating interest rate risk exposure involves performing sensitivity analysis on the variable-rate debt, assuming a change in interest rates of 100 basis-points. The Company’s debt obligations at December 31, 2009 include $125.0 million outstanding under the variable-rate Senior term A loan, due July 28, 2010, at an interest rate of 2.0% at December 31, 2009 (a 100 basis-point change in the interest rate would increase or decrease pretax interest expense by approximately $1.25 million per year); $250.0 million outstanding under its fixed-rate 6.125% Senior Notes, due 2013; $225.0 million outstanding under its fixed-rate 6.75% Senior Notes, due 2013; $525 million outstanding under its fixed-rate 6.875% Senior Notes, due 2015; $345.0 million outstanding under its fixed-rate 4.00% Convertible Debentures, due 2033; and $977.5 million outstanding under its fixed-rate 3.25% Convertible Debentures, due 2035 (with an optional repurchase right of holders on December 15, 2015). In connection with its offering of $250.0 million of 6.125% Senior Notes, during the second quarter of 2003, the Company entered into a Swap Agreement on all $250.0 million of its aggregate principal amount of the 6.125% Senior Notes. Under the Swap Agreement, which hedges against exposure to long-term U.S. dollar interest rates, the Company receives a fixed rate of 6.125% and pays a floating rate based on LIBOR with a maturity of six months, plus a spread of 2.27%. The estimated LIBOR-based floating rate (including the 2.27% spread) was 2.7% at December 31, 2009 (a 100 basis-point change in the interest rate would increase or decrease pretax interest expense by approximately $2.5 million per year). The Swap Agreement, which matches the terms of the 6.125% Senior Notes, is designated and accounted for as a fair value hedge. The Company is accounting for the Swap Agreement in accordance with the authoritative guidance on derivatives and hedging, so changes in the fair value of the Swap Agreement are offset by changes in the recorded carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes. The fair value of the Swap Agreement is recorded as a noncurrent asset or (liability), with an offsetting increase or (decrease), respectively, to the book carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes, and amounted to approximately $3.6 million at the end of 2009. Additionally, at December 31, 2009, the fair value of Omnicare’s variable rate debt facilities approximated the carrying value, as the effective interest rates fluctuate with changes in market rates.
The fair value of the Company’s fixed-rate debt facilities is based on quoted market prices and is summarized as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Financial Instrument: | | Book Value | | | Market Value | | | Book Value | | | Market Value | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
6.125% senior subordinated notes, due 2013, gross | | $ | 250,000 | | | $ | 248,000 | | | $ | 250,000 | | | $ | 208,800 | |
6.75% senior subordinated notes, due 2013 | | | 225,000 | | | | 219,500 | | | | 225,000 | | | | 189,000 | |
6.875% senior subordinated notes, due 2015 | | | 525,000 | | | | 528,500 | | | | 525,000 | | | | 446,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures, due 2033 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying value | | | 199,071 | | | | - | | | | 197,029 | | | | - | |
Unamortized debt discount | | | 145,929 | | | | - | | | | 147,971 | | | | - | |
Principal amount | | | 345,000 | | | | 254,400 | | | | 345,000 | | | | 250,800 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
3.25% convertible senior debentures, due 2035 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying value | | | 773,120 | | | | - | | | | 747,185 | | | | - | |
Unamortized debt discount | | | 204,380 | | | | - | | | | 230,315 | | | | - | |
Principal amount | | | 977,500 | | | | 801,600 | | | | 977,500 | | | | 565,100 | |
Embedded in the Old Trust PIERS, the New Trust PIERS and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures are two derivative instruments, specifically, a contingent interest provision and a contingent conversion parity provision. In addition, the 3.25% Convertible Debentures include an interest reset provision. The embedded derivatives are periodically valued, and at period end, the values of the derivatives embedded in the Old Trust PIERS, the New Trust PIERS and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures were not material. However, the values are subject to change, based on market conditions, which could affect the Company’s future consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
The Company has operations and revenue that occur outside of the U.S. and transactions that are settled in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, exposing it to market risk related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. However, the substantial portion of the Company’s overall consolidated operations and revenues and the substantial portion of the Company’s overall consolidated cash settlements are exchanged in U.S. dollars. Therefore, changes in foreign currency exchange rates do not represent a substantial market risk exposure to the Company.
The Company does not have any financial instruments held for trading purposes.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In connection with the preparation of these financial statements, Omnicare management is required to make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, stockholders' equity, revenues and expenses and the related disclosure of commitments and contingencies. On a regular basis, the Company evaluates the estimates used, including those related to its provision for doubtful accounts, contractual allowances, inventory valuation, impairment of goodwill, insurance accruals, pension obligations, income taxes, stock-based compensation, legal and regulatory contingencies, fair value determinations, and other operating allowances and accruals. Management bases its estimates on a combination of factors, including historical experience, current conditions, feedback from outside advisors where feasible, and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable at the time and under the current circumstances. The Company's significant accounting policies are summarized in the “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by U.S. GAAP and does not require significant management judgment in its application. There are also areas in which management’s judgment in selecting among available alternatives would not produce a materially different result. An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it is important to the determination of the registrant’s financial position and operating results, and requires significant judgment and estimates on the part of management in its application. Omnicare’s critical accounting estimates and the related assumptions are evaluated periodically as conditions require revision. Application of the critical accounting policies requires management’s significant judgments, often as the result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently and highly uncertain, including those matters further discussed below. If actual results were to differ materially from the judgments and estimates made, the Company’s reported financial position and/or operating results could be materially affected. Omnicare management continually reviews these estimates and assumptions in preparing the financial statements. The Company believes the following critical accounting policies and estimates involve more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
Omnicare recognizes revenue when products are delivered or services are delivered or provided to the customer.
Pharmacy Services Segment
A significant portion of the Company’s Pharmacy Services segment revenues from sales of pharmaceutical and medical products have been reimbursed by the federal Medicare Part D plan and, to a lesser extent, state Medicaid programs. Payments for services rendered to patients covered by these programs are generally less than billed charges. The Company monitors its revenues and receivables from these reimbursement sources, as well as other third-party insurance payors, and records an estimated contractual allowance for certain sales and receivable balances at the revenue recognition date, to properly account for anticipated differences between billed and reimbursed amounts. Accordingly, the total net sales and receivables reported in the Company’s financial statements are recorded at the amount ultimately expected to be received from these payors. Since billing functions for a portion of the Company’s revenue systems, are largely computerized enabling on-line adjudication (i.e., submitting charges to Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payors electronically, with simultaneous feedback of the amount to be paid) at the time of sale to record net revenues, exposure to estimating contractual allowance adjustments is limited primarily to unbilled and/or initially rejected Medicare, Medicaid and third-party claims (typically approved for reimbursement once additional information is provided to the payor). For the remaining portion of the Company’s revenue systems, the contractual allowance is estimated for all billed, unbilled and/or initially rejected Medicare, Medicaid and third-party claims. The Company evaluates several criteria in developing the estimated contractual allowances for billed, unbilled and/or initially rejected claims on a monthly basis, including historical trends based on actual claims paid, current contract and reimbursement terms, and changes in customer base and payor/product mix. Contractual allowance estimates are adjusted to actual amounts as cash is received and claims are settled, and the aggregate impact of these resulting adjustments were not significant to the Company’s operations for any of the periods presented. Further, Omnicare does not expect the reasonably possible effects of a change in estimate related to unsettled December 31, 2009 contractual allowance amounts from Medicare, Medicaid and third-party payors to be significant to its future consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
Patient co-payments are associated with Medicare Part D (see further discussion below), certain state Medicaid programs, Medicare Part B and certain third-party payors and are typically not collected at the time products are delivered or services are rendered, but are billed to the individual as part of the Company’s normal billing procedures. These co-payments are subject to the Company’s normal accounts receivable collections procedures.
A patient may be dispensed prescribed medications (typically no more than a 2-3 day supply) prior to insurance being verified in emergency situations, or for new facility admissions after hours or on weekends. As soon as practicable (typically the following business day), specific payor information is obtained so that the proper payor can be billed for reimbursement.
Under certain circumstances, the Company accepts returns of medications and issues a credit memo to the applicable payor. The Company estimates and accrues for sales returns based on historical return experience, giving consideration to the Company’s return policies. Product returns are processed in the period received and are not significant when compared to the overall sales and gross profit of the Company.
Contract Research Services Segment
A portion of the Company's overall revenues relates to the Contract Research Services (“CRO”) segment, and is earned by performing services under contracts with various pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostics companies, based on contract terms. Most of the contracts provide for services to be performed on a units-of-service basis. These contracts specifically identify the units-of-service and unit pricing. Under these contracts, revenue is generally recognized upon completion of the units-of-service. For time-and-materials contracts, revenue is recognized at contractual hourly rates, and for fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized using a method similar to that used for units-of-service. The Company's contracts provide for additional service fees for scope of work changes. The Company recognizes revenue related to these scope changes when underlying services are performed and realization is assured. In a number of cases, clients are required to make termination payments in addition to payments for services already rendered. Any anticipated losses resulting from contract performance are charged to earnings in the period identified. Billings and payments are specified in each contract. Revenue recognized in excess of billings is classified as unbilled receivables, while billings in excess of revenue are classified as deferred revenue, on the respective lines of the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Collection of accounts receivable from customers is the Company’s primary source of operating cash flow and is critical to Omnicare’s operating performance, cash flows and financial condition. Omnicare’s primary collection risk relates to facility, private pay and Part D customers. The Company provides a reserve for accounts receivable considered to be at increased risk of becoming uncollectible by establishing an allowance to reduce the carrying value of such receivables to their estimated net realizable value. Omnicare establishes this allowance for doubtful accounts using the specific identification approach, and considering such factors as historical collection experience (i.e., payment history and credit losses) and creditworthiness, specifically identified credit risks, aging of accounts receivable by payor category, current and expected economic conditions and other relevant factors. Management reviews this allowance for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis for appropriateness. Judgment is used to assess the collectability of account balances and the economic ability of customers to pay.
The Company computes and monitors its accounts receivable days sales outstanding (“DSO”), a non-GAAP measure, in order to evaluate the liquidity and collection patterns of its accounts receivable. DSO is calculated by averaging the beginning and end of quarter accounts receivable, less contractual allowances and the allowance for doubtful accounts, to derive "average accounts receivable" and dividing average accounts receivable by the sales amount (excluding reimbursable out-of-pockets) for the related quarter. The resultant percentage is multiplied by 92 days to derive the DSO amount. Omnicare’s DSO approximated 74 days at December 31, 2009, which was lower than the December 31, 2008 DSO amount of 79 days by approximately 5 days. On July 11, 2007, the Company commenced legal action against a group of its customers for, among other things, the collection of past-due receivables that are owed to the Company. Specifically, approximately $100 million (excluding interest and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts) is owed to the Company by this group of customers as of December 31, 2009, of which approximately $95 million is past due based on applicable payment terms (a significant portion of which is not reserved based on the relevant facts and circumstances). The $100 million represents approximately 6 days of the overall DSO at December 31, 2009. As previously disclosed, the Company has experienced on-going administrative and payment issues associated with the Medicare Part D implementation, resulting in outstanding gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts), particularly for copays. As of December 31, 2009, copays outstanding from Part D Plans were approximately $16 million relating to 2006 and 2007. The Company is pursuing solutions, including legal actions against certain Part D payors, to collect outstanding copays, as well as certain rejected claims. Until all administrative and payment issues relating to the Part D Drug Benefit as well as the aforementioned legal action against a group of Omnicare’s customers are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that the impact of these matters on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows will not change based on the outcome of any unforeseen future developments.
The allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2009 was $332.6 million, compared with $319.4 million at December 31, 2008. The allowance for doubtful accounts represented 21.6% and 19.3% of gross receivables (net of contractual allowances) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Unforeseen future developments could lead to changes in the Company’s provision for doubtful accounts levels and future allowance for doubtful accounts percentages, which could materially impact the overall financial results, financial position or cash flows of the Company. For example, a one percentage point increase in the allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of gross receivables (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to allowances for doubtful accounts) as of December 31, 2009 would result in an increase to the provision for doubtful accounts and related allowance for doubtful accounts on the balance sheet of approximately $15.4 million pretax.
The following table is an aging of the Company’s December 31, 2009, September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to allowances for doubtful accounts), aged based on payment terms and categorized based on the four primary overall types of accounts receivable characteristics (in thousands):
| | December 31, 2009 | |
| | Current and 0-180 Days Past Due | | | 181 Days and Over Past Due | | | Total | |
Medicare (Part D and Part B), Medicaid | | | | | | | | | |
and Third-Party payors | | $ | 324,942 | | | $ | 177,054 | | | $ | 501,996 | |
Facility payors | | | 407,151 | | | | 361,860 | | | | 769,011 | |
Private Pay payors | | | 106,321 | | | | 142,485 | | | | 248,806 | |
CRO | | | 19,121 | | | | 2,264 | | | | 21,385 | |
Total gross accounts receivable | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(net of contractual allowance adjustments) | | $ | 857,535 | | | $ | 683,663 | | | $ | 1,541,198 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2009 | |
| | Current and 0-180 Days Past Due | | | 181 Days and Over Past Due | | | Total | |
Medicare (Part D and Part B), Medicaid | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and Third-Party payors | | $ | 348,102 | | | $ | 178,267 | | | $ | 526,369 | |
Facility payors | | | 418,920 | | | | 362,291 | | | | 781,211 | |
Private Pay payors | | | 108,052 | | | | 142,023 | | | | 250,075 | |
CRO | | | 16,071 | | | | 2,373 | | | | 18,444 | |
Total gross accounts receivable | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(net of contractual allowance adjustments) | | $ | 891,145 | | | $ | 684,954 | | | $ | 1,576,099 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2008 | |
| | Current and 0-180 Days Past Due | | | 181 Days and Over Past Due | | | Total | |
Medicare (Part D and Part B), Medicaid | | | | | | | | | | | | |
and Third-Party payors | | $ | 377,765 | | | $ | 173,307 | | | $ | 551,072 | |
Facility payors | | | 479,185 | | | | 352,036 | | | | 831,221 | |
Private Pay payors | | | 117,543 | | | | 129,530 | | | | 247,073 | |
CRO | | | 27,609 | | | | - | | | | 27,609 | |
Total gross accounts receivable | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(net of contractual allowance adjustments) | | $ | 1,002,102 | | | $ | 654,873 | | | $ | 1,656,975 | |
Patient charges pending approval from Medicare, Medicaid and third-party payors are primarily billed as private pay and, where applicable, are recorded net of an estimated contractual allowance at period end. Once an approval to bill Medicare, Medicaid and/or third-party payors has been obtained, the private pay balance is reversed and a corresponding Medicare, Medicaid or third-party receivable amount is recorded. The Company’s policy is to resolve accounts receivable with pending status as soon as practicable. Pending accounts receivable balances were not a significant component of the overall accounts receivable balance at December 31, 2009.
Omnicare has standard policies and procedures for collection of its accounts receivable. The Company’s collection efforts generally include the mailing of statements, followed up when necessary with delinquency notices, personal and other contacts, the use of an in-house national collections department or outside collection agencies, and potentially mediation/arbitration or litigation when accounts are considered unresponsive. Omnicare’s collection efforts primarily relate to its facility and private pay customers, as well as efforts to collect/rework Medicare Part D copays and rejected claims. When Omnicare becomes aware that a specific customer is potentially unable to meet part or all of its financial obligations, for example, as a result of bankruptcy or deterioration in the customer’s operating results or financial position, the national credit and collections department includes the exposed balance in its allowance for doubtful accounts requirements. At such time that a balance is definitively deemed to be uncollectible by Omnicare management (including the national credit and collections department), collections agencies and/or outside legal counsel, the balance is manually written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 2009, except for the accounts receivable matters separately disclosed in this Filing, the Company does not have a significant portion of its overall accounts receivable balance placed in mediation/arbitration, litigation or with outside collection agencies.
Given the Company's experience, management believes that the aggregate reserves for potential losses are adequate, but if any of the Company's larger customers were to unexpectedly default on their obligations to Omnicare, the Company’s overall allowances for doubtful accounts may prove to be inadequate. In particular, if economic conditions worsen, the payor mix shifts significantly, additional Part D payment issues arise, or the Company's customers' reimbursement rates are adversely affected, impacting Omnicare’s customers' ability to pay their bills, management may adjust the allowance for doubtful accounts accordingly, and the Company’s accounts receivable collections, cash flows, financial position and results of operations would then be, potentially, adversely affected.
Fair Value
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements, which defines a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs in fair value measurements. “Level 1” measurements are measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. “Level 2” measurements use significant other observable inputs. “Level 3” measurements are measurements using significant unobservable inputs which require a company to develop its own assumptions. In recording the fair value of assets and liabilities, companies must use the most reliable measurement available. The impact to the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows upon adoption of this guidance was not material.
See further discussion at the “Fair Value” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Inventories
The Company maintains inventory at lower of cost or market, with cost determined on the basis of the first-in, first-out method. There are not any significant obsolescence reserves recorded since the Company has not historically experienced (nor does it expect to experience) significant levels of inventory obsolescence write-offs. Physical inventories are typically performed on a monthly basis at all pharmacy sites, and in all cases the Company’s policy is to perform them at least once a quarter. Cost of goods sold is recorded based on the actual results of the physical inventory counts, and is estimated when a physical inventory is not performed in a particular month.
Goodwill
The authoritative guidance for goodwill and other intangible assets requires that goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets be reviewed for impairment using a fair value based approach at least annually. This guidance requires the Company to assess whether there is an indication that goodwill is impaired, and requires goodwill to be tested between annual tests if events occur or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its book carrying amount. The Company's assessments to date have indicated that goodwill has not been impaired.
The Company’s assessment of goodwill impairment is largely dependent on estimates of future cash flows at the aggregated reporting unit level, and a weighted-average cost of capital. The estimates of these future cash flows are based on assumptions and projections with respect to future revenues and expenses believed to be reasonable and supportable at the time the annual impairment analysis is performed. Further, they require management’s subjective judgments and take into account assumptions about overall growth rates and increases in expenses. To the extent the book carrying value of the assets would exceed their fair value; an impairment loss may be necessary. Changes in the estimates of future cash flows or weighted-average cost of capital due to unforeseen events and circumstances could cause Omnicare’s analysis to indicate that goodwill is impaired in subsequent periods, and could result in the write-off of a portion or all of the Company’s goodwill, which could be material to the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Insurance Accruals
Omnicare is self-insured for certain employee health insurance claims. The Company manages its health insurance risk by obtaining individual and aggregate stop-loss coverage in the amount of $225,000 per claim and 125% of expected aggregate claims. Additionally, Omnicare insures all of its property and casualty programs (including worker's compensation and professional liability) in excess of self-insured retentions, or deductibles, on the various policies of insurance (which range from between $50,000 and $1,000,000 per claim, depending on the type of coverage). Omnicare closely monitors and continually evaluates its historical claims experience, and obtains input from third-party insurance and valuation professionals, to estimate the appropriate level of accrual for its self-insured programs, including the aforementioned deductibles. These accruals include provision for incurred, as well as incurred but not yet reported, claims. In developing its self-insurance accrual estimates, the Company’s liability calculation also considers the historical claim lag periods and current payment trends of insurance claims (generally approximately 2 months for health, and 48-60 months for all other coverages). A change in the historical claim lag period assumption by one month for health insurance claims would affect health insurance expense by approximately $3.6 million pretax. A change in the historical claim lag period by one month for property and casualty insurance claims would affect property and casualty insurance expense by approximately $0.8 million pretax.
Although significant fluctuations may occur in the short-term due to unforeseen events potentially resulting in atypical claims experience, the Company's historical claims experience, coupled with its stop-loss coverages, has consistently supported management’s assumption that this methodology provides for reasonable insurance expense estimates and accruals over a long-term period.
Employee Benefit Plans
For certain of its employee benefit plans, the Company utilizes estimates in developing its actuarial assumptions (including such items as the expected rate of return on plan assets, discount rate, mortality rates, and the assumed rate of compensation increase, among other items), and relies on actuarial computations to estimate the future potential liability, expense and funding requirements associated with these benefits. While it is required that the actuarial assumptions be reviewed each year as of the measurement date of December 31, the actuarial assumptions generally do not change between measurement dates. During Omnicare’s annual review, generally near the beginning of the fiscal year, the Company reviews and updates these assumptions, and considers historical experience, current market conditions and input from its third-party advisors, including any changes in interest rates, in making these assumptions. These actuarial assumptions and estimates attempt to anticipate future events, and if assessed differently, or if they materially vary from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions, could have a significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, a one percentage point change in any of the individual aforementioned assumptions used to calculate the Company’s pension obligation, holding all other assumptions constant, is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated operating results.
Taxes
In accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for income taxes, the Company estimates its current and deferred tax assets and liabilities, including those relating to acquired subsidiaries, based on current tax laws in the statutory jurisdictions in which it operates. These estimates include judgments about deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as the realization of deferred tax assets (including those relating to net operating losses). The deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted tax rates expected to apply in the periods in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized.
Omnicare periodically reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability and establishes a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The determination as to whether a deferred tax asset will be realized is made on a jurisdictional basis and is based on the evaluation of positive and negative evidence. This evidence includes historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversal of existing temporary differences and the implementation of tax planning strategies. Projected future taxable income is based on the Company’s expected results and assumptions as to the jurisdiction in which the income will be earned. The expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences is based on current tax law and Omnicare’s tax methods of accounting. If the Company is unable to generate sufficient future taxable income by jurisdiction, or if there is a material change in the actual effective tax rates or the time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, or if the tax laws change unfavorably, then the Company could be required to increase its valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, resulting in an increase in the effective tax rate and related tax expense.
The Company also reviews its tax liabilities, including those relating to acquired subsidiaries, giving consideration to the relevant authoritative guidance, including accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which provides guidance for the financial statement recognition and measurement of income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Under this authoritative guidance, recognition and measurement are considered discrete events. The recognition threshold is met when it is determined a tax position, based solely on its technical merits, is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. If a tax position does not meet the more likely than not recognition threshold, the benefit of that position is not recognized in the financial statements. A tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate resolution with a taxing authority.
Omnicare operates in a significant number of states and tax jurisdictions with varying tax laws. The Company is subject to both federal and state audits of tax returns in the normal course of business. While the Company believes it has provided adequately for tax liabilities in its consolidated financial statements, adverse determinations by applicable taxing authorities could have a material adverse effect on Omnicare’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. If the provisions for current or deferred taxes are not adequate, if the Company is unable to realize certain deferred tax assets or if the tax laws change unfavorably, the Company could potentially experience tax losses. Likewise, if provisions for current and deferred taxes are in excess of those eventually needed, if the Company is able to realize additional deferred tax assets or if tax laws change favorably, the Company could experience potential tax gains. A one percentage point change in the Company's overall 2009, 2008 and 2007 effective tax rates would impact tax expense and net income by $3.3 million, $2.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
Stock-Based Compensation
As further described in the “Stock-Based Compensation,” note of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, this authoritative guidance requires the Company to record compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions in its financial statements under a fair value recognition model. Under the provisions of this authoritative guidance, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period of the award (usually the vesting period).
The Company uses the Black-Scholes options pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options on the grant date, which is affected by Omnicare’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, as further discussed below. These variables include Omnicare’s expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the awards, actual and projected employee exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and the stock’s dividend yield. The expected term of stock options granted represents the period of time that stock options granted are expected to be outstanding and is estimated giving consideration primarily to historical stock option exercise experience. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock over a period generally commensurate with the expected term of the stock options. The risk-free interest rate used in the option valuation model is based on United States Treasury Strip (“stripped coupon interest”) issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term of the stock options. The expected dividend yield is based on the current Omnicare stock yield. The Company is required to estimate forfeitures at the time of the grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods as necessary to reflect any changes in actual forfeiture experience. Omnicare uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting forfeitures and records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. All stock option awards are amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting period. Considering the importance of each of the above assumptions in the calculation of fair value, the Company re-evaluates the estimate of these assumptions on a quarterly basis. While the Company believes its stock option fair value calculations are materially accurate, a one percentage point change in any of the individual aforementioned assumptions, holding all other assumptions constant, is not expected to have a material impact on the fair value calculated by the Company.
Legal Contingencies
As part of its ongoing operations, the Company is subject to various inspections, audits, inquiries and similar actions by third parties, as well as governmental/regulatory authorities responsible for enforcing the laws and regulations to which the Company is subject (and including reviews of individual Omnicare pharmacy’s reimbursement documentation and administrative practices). Oftentimes, these inspections, audits and inquiries relate to prior periods, including periods predating Omnicare’s actual ownership of a particular acquired unit. The Company is also involved with various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. Each quarter, the Company reviews, including consultation with its outside legal advisors where applicable, the status of inspections, audits, inquiries, legal claims and legal proceedings and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any of these is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company accrues a liability for the estimated loss, in accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for contingencies. To the extent the amount of a probable loss is estimable only by reference to a range of equally probable outcomes, and no amount within the range appears to be a better estimate than any other amount, the low end of the range is accrued, as required by GAAP. Because of inherent uncertainties related to these matters, the use of estimates, assumptions, judgments and external factors beyond the Company’s control, accruals are based on the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, Omnicare reassesses the potential liability related to any pending inspections, audits, inquiries, claims and litigation and may revise its estimated exposure upward or downward accordingly. Such revisions in the estimates of the potential liabilities could have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Information pertaining to legal proceedings is further discussed at the “Commitments and Contingencies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Information pertaining to recently issued accounting standards is further discussed at the “Recently Issued Accounting Standards” section of the “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Historically, the Company has derived approximately one-half of its revenues directly from government sources and one-half from the private sector (including individual residents, third-party insurers, long-term care and other institutional health care facilities and its contract research organization business).
As part of ongoing operations, the Company and its customers are subject to regulatory changes in the level of reimbursement received from the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Since 1997, Congress has passed a number of federal laws that have effected major changes in the healthcare system and payments to certain providers.
In 1997 Congress mandated a prospective payment system (“PPS”) for reimbursement to skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”) for their Medicare-eligible residents during a Medicare Part A-covered stay. Under PPS, Medicare pays SNFs a fixed fee per patient per day based upon the acuity level of the resident, covering substantially all items and services, including pharmacy services. PPS initially resulted in a significant reduction of reimbursement to SNFs. Although some of the reductions were subsequently mitigated, the PPS fundamentally changed the payment for Medicare SNF services.
In recent years, SNFs have received the full market basket inflation increase to annual rates. For fiscal year 2009, beginning October 1, 2008, SNFs received a 3.4 percent inflation update that increased overall payments to SNFs by $780 million. However, for fiscal year 2010, beginning on October 1, 2009, payments to SNFs were reduced by 1.1 percent, or by $360 million to SNFs overall, compared to fiscal year 2009 levels. While the payment levels reflect a 2.2 percent market basket inflation update, that amount was more than offset by a 3.3 percent ($1.050 billion) adjustment intended to recalibrate case mix weights to compensate for increased expenditures resulting from refinements made in January 2006. These or other reimbursement changes could have an adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company’s SNF clients, which, in turn, could adversely affect the timing or level of their payments to Omnicare.
In December 2003, Congress enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (“MMA”), which included a major expansion of the Medicare prescription drug benefit under a new Medicare Part D.
The Part D drug benefit permits Medicare beneficiaries to enroll in prescription drug plans offered by private entities which provide coverage of outpatient prescription drugs (collectively, “Part D Plans”). Part D Plans include plans providing the drug benefit on a stand-alone basis (known as “prescription drug plans”, or “PDPs”) and Medicare Advantage plans providing drug coverage as a supplement to an existing medical benefit under that Medicare Advantage plan (known as “MA-PDs”). Medicare beneficiaries generally have to pay a premium to enroll in a Part D Plan, with the premium amount varying from plan to plan, although the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) provides various federal subsidies to Part D Plans to reduce the cost to beneficiaries. Medicare beneficiaries who are also entitled to benefits under a state Medicaid program (so-called “dual eligibles”) have their prescription drug costs covered by the Medicare drug benefit, unless they elect to opt out of Part D coverage. Many nursing home residents Omnicare serves are dual eligibles. In 2009, approximately 43% of Omnicare’s revenue was derived from beneficiaries covered under the federal Medicare Part D program.
CMS provides premium and cost-sharing subsidies to Part D Plans for dual eligible residents of nursing homes. Such dual eligibles are not required to pay a premium for enrollment in a Part D Plan, so long as the premium for the Part D Plan in which they are enrolled does not exceed the premium subsidy, nor are they required to meet deductibles or pay copayment amounts. Further, all dual eligibles who do not affirmatively enroll in a Part D Plan are automatically enrolled into a PDP by CMS on a random basis from among those PDPs meeting CMS criteria for low-income premiums in the PDP region, unless they elect to opt out of Part D coverage. Such dual eligible beneficiaries may select a different Part D Plan at any time through the Part D enrollment process. Also, dual eligibles who are qualifying covered retirees under an employer or union-sponsored qualified retiree prescription drug plan (plans which offer an alternative to Part D coverage supported by federal subsidies to the plan sponsor) will be determined to have elected not to enroll in a Part D Plan, unless they affirmatively enroll in a Part D Plan or contact CMS to indicate they wish to be auto-enrolled. In sum, dual eligible residents of nursing homes are entitled to have their prescription drug costs covered by a Part D Plan, provided that the prescription drugs which they are taking are either on the Part D Plan’s formulary, or an exception to the plan’s formulary is granted, subject to prior authorization or similar utilization management requirements for certain drugs. CMS requires the formularies of Part D Plans to include the types of drugs most commonly needed by Medicare beneficiaries and to offer an exceptions process to provide coverage for medically necessary drugs.
The Company obtains reimbursement for drugs it provides to enrollees of a given Part D Plan pursuant to the agreement it negotiates with that Part D Plan. The Company has entered into such agreements with nearly all Part D Plan sponsors under which it will provide drugs and associated services to their enrollees. The Company continues to have ongoing discussions with Part D Plans and renegotiates these agreements in the ordinary course. Further, the proportion of the Company’s Part D business serviced under specific agreements may change over time based upon beneficiary choice, reassignment of dual eligibles to different Part D Plans, Part D Plan consolidation and other factors. As such, reimbursement under these agreements is subject to change.
Moreover, as expected in the transition to a new program of this magnitude, certain administrative and payment issues have arisen, resulting in higher operating expenses, as well as outstanding gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts), particularly for copays owed by Part D Plans for dual eligibles and other low income subsidy eligible beneficiaries. As of December 31, 2009, copays outstanding from Part D Plans were approximately $16 million, relating to 2006 and 2007. The Company is pursuing solutions, including legal actions against certain Part D payors, to collect outstanding copays, as well as certain rejected claims. Participants in the long-term care pharmacy industry continue to address these issues with CMS and the Part D Plans and attempt to develop solutions. Among other things, on January 12, 2009, CMS finalized a change in its regulations requiring Part D Plan sponsors to accept and act upon certain types of documentation, referred to as “best available evidence,” to correct copays. Similarly, on October 22, 2009, CMS published proposed rules that would make numerous changes to the regulations governing Part D, including certain Part D Plan payment rules and processes. Language in the preamble to the proposed rule suggests that Part D Plans would be required to correct and pay copay amounts within 45 days of receiving complete information for the copay reconciliation. However, until a final rule is issued and all administrative and payment issues are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that implementation issues associated with the Part D drug benefit will not adversely impact the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
For Medicare beneficiaries covered under a Medicare Part A stay, the Company receives reimbursement for drugs provided to such residents from the SNFs, in accordance with the terms of the agreements it has negotiated with each SNF. The Company also receives reimbursement from the state Medicaid programs, for those Medicaid beneficiaries not eligible for the Part D program, including those under age 65 who are not disabled, and for certain drugs specifically excluded from Medicare Part D.
CMS has issued subregulatory guidance on many aspects of the Part D program, including the provision of pharmaceutical services to long-term care residents. CMS has also expressed some concerns about pharmacies’ receipt of discounts, rebates and other price concessions from drug manufacturers. For 2007 and 2008, CMS instructed Part D Plan sponsors to require pharmacies to disclose to the Part D Plan sponsor any discounts, rebates and other direct or indirect remuneration designed to directly or indirectly influence or impact utilization of Part D drugs. The Company reported information specified by CMS with respect to rebates received by the Company for 2007 and the first quarter of 2008 to those Part D Plans which agreed to maintain the confidentiality of such information. On November 2008, CMS suspended collection of the long-term care pharmacy rebate data from Part D Plan sponsors for calendar years 2008 and 2009. Instead, CMS developed its plan to collect different non-rebate information to focus plan attention on network pharmacy compliance and appropriate drug utilization management. The final Part D reporting requirements for calendar year 2010 include instructions for plans to report to CMS the number and cost of formulary versus non-formulary prescription drugs dispensed in the aggregate by each long-term care pharmacy and by all retail pharmacies as a group in the Part D Plan’s service area. CMS also issued a memo on November 25, 2008 reminding Part D Plan sponsors of the requirement to (1) provide convenient access to network long-term care pharmacies to all of their enrollees residing in long-term care facilities, and (2) exclude payment for drugs that are covered under a Medicare Part A stay that would otherwise satisfy the definition of a Part D drug. The Company will continue to work with Part D Plan sponsors to ensure compliance with CMS’s evolving policies related to long-term care pharmacy services.
On July 15, 2008, Congress enacted the "Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008” (“MIPPA”). This law includes further reforms to the Part D program. Among other things, as of January 1, 2010, the law requires that long-term care pharmacies have between 30 and 90 days to submit claims to a Part D Plan. As of January 1, 2009, Part D Plan sponsors must update the prescription drug pricing data they use to pay pharmacies at least every seven days. The law also expands the number of Medicare beneficiaries who are entitled to premium and cost-sharing subsidies by modifying previous income and asset requirements, eliminates late enrollment penalties for beneficiaries entitled to these subsidies, and limits the sales and marketing activities in which Part D Plan sponsors may engage. On September 18, 2008, CMS published final regulations implementing many of the MIPPA Part D provisions, and the agency published another interim final rule with comment period on January 16, 2009 implementing additional MIPPA provisions related to drug formularies and protected classes of drugs. Additional legislative proposals are pending before Congress that could further modify the Part D benefit, including proposals that could impact the payment available or pricing for drugs under Part D Plans. The Company cannot predict at this time whether such legislation will be enacted or the form any such legislation would take. The Company can make no assurances that future Part D legislation would not impact its business.
Moreover, CMS continues to issue guidance on and make other revisions to the Part D program. The Company is continuing to monitor issues relating to implementation of the Part D benefit, and until further agency guidance is known and until all administrative and payment issues associated with this massive program are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that the impact of the Part D rules, future legislative changes, or the outcome of other potential developments relating to its implementation on our business, results of operations, financial position or cash flows will not change based on the outcome of any unforeseen future developments.
The MMA also changed the Medicare payment methodology and conditions for coverage of certain items of durable medical equipment prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies (“DMEPOS”) under Medicare Part B. Approximately 1% of the Company’s revenue is derived from beneficiaries covered under Medicare Part B. The changes include a temporary freeze in annual increases in payments for durable medical equipment from 2004 through 2008, new clinical conditions for payment, quality standards (applied by CMS-approved accrediting organizations), and competitive bidding requirements. Only suppliers that are winning bidders will be eligible to provide competitively bid items to Medicare beneficiaries in the selected areas, and winning bidders will be paid based on the median of the winning suppliers’ bids for each of the selected items in the region, rather than the Medicare fee schedule amount.
In mid-2007, CMS conducted a first round of bidding for 10 DMEPOS product categories in 10 competitive bidding areas, and announced winning bidders in March 2008. In light of concerns about implementation of the bidding program, in MIPPA Congress terminated the contracts awarded by CMS in the first round of competitive bidding, required that new bidding be conducted for the first round, and required certain reforms to the bidding process. Among other things, the law requires CMS to rebid those areas in 2009, with bidding for round two delayed until 2011. The delay is being financed by reducing Medicare fee schedule payments for all items covered by the round one bidding program by 9.5 percent nationwide effective January 1, 2009, followed by a 2 percent increase in 2014 (with certain exceptions). The legislation also includes a series of procedural improvements to the bidding process. CMS published an interim final rule with comment period to implement the MIPPA competitive bidding changes on January 16, 2009, and on April 17, 2009 announced that it is proceeding with implementation of the January 16, 2009 rule after a brief delay. Bidding for the new round one of the program began October 21, 2009, and ended December 21, 2009. Contract suppliers are expected to be announced in June 2010, and the program is scheduled to go into effect January 1, 2011. The Company participated in the new bidding process for round one. There is no assurance that we will be a successful bidder in the DMEPOS competitive bidding process, or that reimbursement levels established through the bidding process would not adversely impact the Company.
CMS requires all existing DMEPOS suppliers to submit proof of accreditation by a deemed accreditation organization by September 30, 2009. MIPPA codifies the requirement that all suppliers be accredited by September 30, 2009 and extends the accreditation requirement to companies that subcontract with contract suppliers under the competitive bidding program. The Company’s DMEPOS suppliers are accredited.
On January 2, 2009, CMS published a final rule requiring certain Medicare DMEPOS suppliers to furnish CMS with a $50,000 surety bond, although the required bond amount will be higher for certain “high-risk” suppliers with previous adverse legal actions. A separate surety bond will be required for each National Provider Identifier obtained for DMEPOS billing purposes, with limited exceptions. CMS did not establish exceptions from the bond requirement for pharmacies or for nursing facilities that bill for Medicare DMEPOS services provided to their own residents. The Company has secured surety bonds for its DMEPOS suppliers.
With respect to Medicaid, many states are facing budget pressures that could result in increased cost containment efforts impacting healthcare providers. States have considerable latitude in setting payment rates for nursing facilities. States also have flexibility to establish Medicaid managed care programs without the need to obtain a federal waiver. Although these waiver programs generally exempt institutional care, including nursing facilities and institutional pharmacy services, some states do use managed care principles in their long-term care programs. The Deficit Reduction Act (“DRA”), enacted in 2006, also gives states greater flexibility to expand access to home and community based services by allowing states to provide these services as an optional benefit without undergoing the waiver approval process, and includes a demonstration to encourage states to provide long-term care services in a community setting to individuals who currently receive Medicaid services in nursing homes. Such initiatives could increase state funding for home and community-based services, while prompting states to cut funding for nursing facilities. No assurances can be given that state Medicaid programs ultimately will not change the reimbursement system for long-term care or pharmacy services in a way that adversely impacts the Company.
The DRA also changed the so-called federal upper limit payment rules for multiple source prescription drugs covered under Medicaid. Like the current upper limit, it only applies to drug ingredient costs and does not include dispensing fees, which will continue to be determined by the states. First, the DRA redefined a multiple source drug subject to the upper limit rules to be a covered outpatient drug that has at least one other drug product that is therapeutically equivalent. Thus, the federal upper limit is triggered when there are two or more therapeutic equivalents, instead of three or more as was previously the case. Second, effective January 1, 2007, the DRA changed the federal upper payment limit from 150 percent of the lowest published price for a drug (which is usually the wholesale acquisition cost) to 250 percent of the lowest average manufacturer price (“AMP”). Congress expected these DRA provisions to reduce federal and state Medicaid spending by $8.4 billion over five years. On July 17, 2007, CMS issued a final rule with comment period to implement changes to the upper limit rules. Among other things, the final rule: established a new federal upper limit calculation for multiple source drugs based on 250 percent of the lowest AMP in a drug class; required CMS to post AMP amounts on its Web site; and established a uniform definition for AMP. Additionally, the final rule provided that sales of drugs to long-term care pharmacies for supply to nursing homes and assisted living facilities (as well as associated discounts, rebates or other price concessions) are not to be taken into account in determining AMP where such sales can be identified with adequate documentation, and that any AMPs which are not at least 40% of the next highest AMP will not be taken into account in determining the upper limit amount (the so-called “outlier” test). However, on December 19, 2007, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia issued a preliminary injunction that enjoins CMS from implementing provisions of the July 17, 2007 rule to the extent that it affects Medicaid reimbursement rates for retail pharmacies under the Medicaid program. The order also enjoins CMS from posting AMP data on a public Web site or disclosing it to states. As a result of this preliminary injunction, CMS did not post AMPs or new upper limit prices in late December 2007 based upon the July 17, 2007 final rule despite its earlier planned timetable, and the schedule for states to implement the new upper limits has been delayed until further notice. Separately, on March 14, 2008, CMS published an interim final rule with comment period revising the definition of multiple source drug set forth in the July 17, 2007 final rule. In short, the effect of the rule will be that federal upper limits apply in all states unless the state finds that a particular generic drug is not available within that state. While the rule’s effective date was April 14, 2008, it was subject to public comment. CMS also noted that the regulation is subject to the injunction by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia to the extent that it may affect Medicaid reimbursement rates for pharmacies. On October 7, 2008, CMS published the final version of this rule, responding to public comments received on the March 14, 2008 regulation. The final rule adopted the March 2008 interim final rule with technical changes effective November 6, 2008, although it continues to be subject to an injunction to the extent that it affects Medicaid pharmacy reimbursement rates. Moreover, MIPPA delayed the adoption of the DRA’s new federal upper limit payment rules for Medicaid based on AMP for multiple source drugs and prevented CMS from publishing AMP data before October 1, 2009. To date, CMS has not issued a new rule or published such AMP data. Therefore, at this time upper payment limits continue to be determined under the pre-DRA rules. With the advent of Medicare Part D, the Company’s revenues from state Medicaid programs are substantially lower than has been the case previously. However, some of the Company’s agreements with Part D Plans and other payors have incorporated the Medicaid upper limit rules into the pricing mechanisms for prescription drugs. Until the litigation regarding the final rule is resolved and new upper limit amounts are published by CMS, the Company cannot predict the impact of the final rule on the Company’s business. Further, there can be no assurance that federal upper limit payments under pre-DRA rules, CMS adoption of a revised rule under the DRA, Congressional action, or other efforts by payors to limit reimbursement for certain drugs will not adversely impact the Company’s business.
MIPPA also seeks to promote e-prescribing by providing incentive payments for physicians and other practitioners paid under the Medicare physician fee schedule who are "successful electronic prescribers." Specifically, successful electronic prescribers are to receive a 2 percent bonus during 2009 and 2010, a 1 percent bonus for 2011 and 2012 and a 0.5 percent bonus for 2013; practitioners who are not successful electronic prescribers are penalized by a 1 percent reduction from the current fee schedule in 2012, a 1.5 percent reduction in 2013, and thereafter a 2 percent reduction. CMS has announced that to be a successful electronic prescriber and to receive an incentive payment for the 2009 e-prescribing reporting year, an eligible professional must report, using a qualified e-prescribing system, one of three e-prescribing measures in at least 50% of the cases in which the measure is reportable by the eligible professional during 2009. CMS has issued detailed guidelines on the specifications for qualified e-prescribing systems. The Company is closely monitoring developments related to this initiative, and will seek to make available systems under which prescribers may submit prescriptions to the Company's pharmacies electronically so as to enable them to qualify for the incentive payments.
On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. This $790 billion economic stimulus package includes a number of health care policy provisions, including approximately $19 billion in funding for health information technology infrastructure and Medicare and Medicaid incentives to encourage doctors, hospitals, and other providers to use health information technology to electronically exchange patients’ health information. The law also strengthens federal privacy and security provisions to protect personally-identifiable health information. In addition, the legislation increases Federal Medical Assistance Percentage (“FMAP”) payments by approximately $87 billion to help support state Medicaid programs in the face of budget shortfalls. The law also temporarily extends current Medicaid prompt payment requirements to nursing facility and hospital claims, requiring state Medicaid programs to reimburse providers for 90 percent of claims within 30 days of receipt and 99 percent of claims within 90 days of receipt. The Obama Administration has issued a variety of guidance documents and regulations to implement the new law. Congress also is considering extending the temporary Medicaid provisions as part of legislation designed to spur job creation, although such legislation has not been enacted to date. The Company continues to review the implementation of the law and assess the potential impact of the various provisions on the Company.
Two other recent actions at the federal level could impact Medicaid payments to nursing facilities. The Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 modified several Medicaid policies including, among other things, reducing the limit on Medicaid provider taxes from 6 percent to 5.5 percent from January 1, 2008 through September 30, 2011. On February 22, 2008, CMS published a final rule that implements this legislation, and makes other clarifications to the standards for determining the permissibility of provider tax arrangements. Provisions of the rule were repeatedly delayed; currently the enforcement is delayed until June 30, 2010. Second, on May 21, 2007, CMS published a rule designed to ensure that Medicaid payments to governmentally operated nursing facilities and certain other health care providers are based on actual costs and that state financing arrangements are consistent with the Medicaid statute. CMS estimates that the rule would save $120 million during the first year and $3.87 billion over five years, but Congress blocked the rule through April 1, 2009. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 expressed the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Health and Human Services should not promulgate the provider cost limit rule, citing a ruling by the United States District Court for the District of Columbia that the final rule was “improperly promulgated.”
Broader changes in federal healthcare policy have been proposed by President Obama and are currently under consideration by Congress. The House of Representatives approved a sweeping health reform bill, H.R. 3962, the Affordable Health Care for America Act, on November 7, 2009. The Senate approved its version of the measure, H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, on December 24, 2009. Both bills seek to expand access to affordable health insurance through insurance market reforms, the establishment of health insurance “exchanges” through which individuals and small businesses can purchase qualified insurance coverage, and expansion of the Medicaid program. The House version of the bill also would establish a public health insurance option to compete with private health insurers. Among many other things, both versions of the legislation include significant reimbursement cuts to Medicare providers, including skilled nursing facilities, although details vary between the plans. In addition, the House bill would require the Secretary to negotiate Medicare Part D drug prices directly with pharmaceutical manufacturers and remove deadlines for long-term care pharmacies to file Part D claims, while both versions would require Part D plans to develop utilization management techniques to reduce prescription drug waste in long-term care facilities. The reform plans also would increase the Medicaid drug rebate level paid by pharmaceutical manufacturers and expand the drugs that are subject to such rebates. Congressional leaders and the Administration have been working to develop a compromise bill reconciling differences between the two approaches, but it is unclear at this time whether a bill will be enacted, and if so, which provisions will be included in such a bill.
On October 4, 2006, the plaintiffs in New England Carpenters Health Benefits Fund et al. v. First DataBank, Inc. and McKesson Corporation, CA No. 1:05-CV-11148-PBS (United District Court for the District of Massachusetts) and defendant First DataBank, Inc. (“First DataBank”) entered into a settlement agreement relating to First DataBank’s publication of average wholesale price (“AWP”). AWP is a pricing benchmark that is widely used to calculate a portion of the reimbursement payable to pharmacy providers for the drugs and biologicals they provide, including under State Medicaid programs, Medicare Part D Plans and certain of the Company’s contracts with long-term care facilities. The settlement agreement would have required First DataBank to cease publishing AWP two years after the settlement became effective unless a competitor of First DataBank was then publishing AWP, and would have required that First DataBank modify the manner in which it calculates AWP for over 8,000 distinct drugs (“NDCs”) from 125% of the drug’s wholesale acquisition cost (“WAC”) price established by manufacturers to 120% of WAC until First DataBank ceased publishing same. In
a related case, District Council 37 Health and Security Plan v. Medi-Span, CA No. 1:07-CV-10988-PBS (United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts), in which Medi-Span is accused of misrepresenting pharmaceutical prices by relying on and publishing First DataBank’s price list, the parties entered into a similar settlement agreement. The Court granted preliminary approval of both agreements, but later after hearing various objections to the proposed settlements, indicated that it would not approve them. On May 29, 2008, the plaintiffs and First DataBank filed a new settlement that included a reduction in the number of NDCs to which a new mark-up over WAC would apply (20% vs. 25%) from over 8,000 to 1,356, and removed the provision requiring that AWP no longer be published in the future. First DataBank also agreed to contribute approximately $2 million to a settlement fund and for legal fees. On July 15, 2008, Medi-Span and the plaintiffs in that litigation also proposed an amended settlement agreement under which Medi-Span agreed to reduce the mark-up over WAC (from 20% to 25%) for only the smaller number of NDCs, the requirement that AWP not be published in the future was removed, and Medi-Span agreed to pay $500,000 for the benefit of the plaintiff class. First DataBank and Medi-Span, independent of these settlements, announced that they would, of their own volition, reduce to 20% the mark-up on all drugs with a mark-up higher than 20% and stop publishing AWP within two years after the changes in mark-up are implemented (in the case of First DataBank) or within two years after the settlement is finally approved (in the case of Medi-Span). On March 17, 2009 the Court approved the proposed settlements, with a modification by the Court requiring that the change in mark-ups take place 180 days after the order approving the settlements in entered. The Court entered an order approving the settlements on March 31, 2009. While several entities appealed the Court’s order to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, on September 3, 2009 the Court of Appeals upheld the settlements. First DataBank and Medi-Span implemented the changes in AWP on September 26, 2009.
The Company has taken a number of steps to prevent or mitigate the adverse effect on the Company’s reimbursement for drugs and biologicals which could otherwise result from these settlements. For most state Medicaid programs reimbursing under an AWP formula, the Company is currently being reimbursed under old rate formulas using the new AWPs published in accordance with the settlements, resulting in lower reimbursement under these programs. There can be no assurance that the First DataBank and Medi-Span settlements and associated unilateral actions by First DataBank and Medi-Span, or actions, if any, by the Company’s payors relating to AWP, will not have a further adverse impact on the Company’s reimbursement for drugs and biologicals and have implications for the use of AWP as a benchmark from which pricing in the pharmaceutical industry is negotiated, which could adversely affect the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Longer term, funding for federal and state healthcare programs must consider the aging of the population and the growth in enrollees as eligibility is expanded; the escalation in drug costs owing to higher drug utilization among seniors and the introduction of new, more efficacious but also more expensive medications; the impact of the Medicare Part D program; and the long-term financing of the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Given competing national priorities, it remains difficult to predict the outcome and impact on the Company of any changes in healthcare policy relating to the future funding of the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
Demographic trends indicate that demand for long-term care will increase well into the middle of this century as the elderly population grows significantly. Moreover, those over 65 consume a disproportionately high level of healthcare services, including prescription drugs, when compared with the under-65 population. There is widespread consensus that appropriate pharmaceutical care is generally considered the most cost-effective form of treatment for the chronic ailments afflicting the elderly and also one that is able to improve the quality of life. These trends not only support long-term growth for the geriatric pharmaceutical industry but also containment of healthcare costs and the well-being of the nation’s growing elderly population.
In order to fund this growing demand, the Company believes that the government and the private sector will continue to review, assess and possibly alter healthcare delivery systems and payment methodologies. While it cannot at this time predict the ultimate effect of any of these initiatives on Omnicare’s business, management believes that the Company’s expertise in geriatric pharmaceutical care and pharmaceutical cost management position Omnicare to help meet the challenges of today’s healthcare environment.
Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 Regarding Forward-Looking Information
In addition to historical information, this report contains certain statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, all statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations regarding the matters discussed or incorporated by reference in this document (including statements as to “beliefs,” “expectations,” “anticipations,” “intentions” or similar words) and all statements which are not statements of historical fact. Such forward-looking statements, together with other statements that are not historical, are based on management’s current expectations and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other factors that could cause results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those stated. The most significant of these risks and uncertainties are described in the Company’s Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and include, but are not limited to: overall economic, financial, political and business conditions; trends in the long-term healthcare, pharmaceutical and contract research industries; the ability to attract new clients and service contracts and retain existing clients and service contracts; the ability to consummate pending acquisitions; trends for the continued growth of the Company’s businesses; trends in drug pricing; delays and reductions in reimbursement by the government and other payors to customers and to the Company; the overall financial condition of the Company’s customers and the ability of the Company to assess and react to such financial condition of its customers; the ability of vendors and business partners to continue to provide products and services to the Company; the continued successful integration of acquired companies; the continued availability of suitable acquisition candidates; the ability to attract and retain needed management; competition for qualified staff in the healthcare industry; the demand for the Company’s products and services; variations in costs or expenses; the ability to implement productivity, consolidation and cost reduction efforts and to realize anticipated benefits; the ability of clinical research projects to produce revenues in future periods; the potential impact of legislation, government regulations, and other government action and/or
executive orders, including those relating to Medicare Part D, including its implementing regulations and any subregulatory guidance, reimbursement and drug pricing policies and changes in the interpretation and application of such policies, including changes in calculation of average wholesale price; government budgetary pressures and shifting priorities; federal and state budget shortfalls; efforts by payors to control costs; changes to or termination of the Company’s contracts with Medicare Part D plan sponsors or to the proportion of the Company’s Part D business covered by specific contracts; the outcome of litigation; potential liability for losses not covered by, or in excess of, insurance; the impact of differences in actuarial assumptions and estimates as compared to eventual outcomes; events or circumstances which result in an impairment of assets, including but not limited to, goodwill and identifiable intangible assets; the final outcome of divestiture activities; market conditions; the outcome of audit, compliance, administrative, regulatory, or investigatory reviews; volatility in the market for the Company’s stock and in the financial markets generally; access to adequate capital and financing; changes in international economic and political conditions and currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and other currencies; changes in tax laws and regulations; changes in accounting rules and standards; and costs to comply with our Corporate Integrity Agreements. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, such forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Except as otherwise required by law, the Company does not undertake any obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
ITEM 7A. – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Information required under this Item is set forth in the “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” caption at Part II, Item 7, of this Filing.
ITEM 8. - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule
Financial Statements:
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 97 |
| Consolidated Statements of Income | 99 |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 100 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 101 |
| Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity | 102 |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 104 |
Financial Statement Schedule:
| II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | S-1 |
All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or because the required information is shown elsewhere in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and
Board of Directors of Omnicare, Inc.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Omnicare, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
As discussed in Notes 3 and 5 to the consolidated financial statements the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion and the manner in which it accounts for business combinations in 2009, respectively. Furthermore, as discussed in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for uncertain tax positions in 2007.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary
to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Cincinnati, Ohio
February 25, 2010
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(in thousands, except per share data)
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 (a) | | | 2007 (a) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 6,166,209 | | | $ | 6,205,715 | | | $ | 6,100,394 | |
Cost of sales | | | 4,673,848 | | | | 4,648,173 | | | | 4,592,656 | |
Repack matters (Note 17) | | | (2,642 | ) | | | 5,531 | | | | 14,788 | |
Gross profit | | | 1,495,003 | | | | 1,552,011 | | | | 1,492,950 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 821,740 | | | | 908,586 | | | | 867,859 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts (Note 1) | | | 93,215 | | | | 106,439 | | | | 206,781 | |
Restructuring and other related charges (Note 16) | | | 29,155 | | | | 35,784 | | | | 27,883 | |
Litigation and other related charges (Note 17) | | | 77,449 | | | | 99,267 | | | | 42,516 | |
Repack matters (Note 17) | | | 1,503 | | | | 914 | | | | 2,405 | |
Acquisition and other related costs (Note 5) | | | 1,399 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Operating income | | | 470,542 | | | | 401,021 | | | | 345,506 | |
Investment income | | | 9,670 | | | | 9,782 | | | | 8,715 | |
Interest expense | | | (119,896 | ) | | | (143,073 | ) | | | (163,073 | ) |
Amortization of discount on convertible notes (Note 11) | | | (27,977 | ) | | | (25,934 | ) | | | (24,041 | ) |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | 332,339 | | | | 241,796 | | | | 167,107 | |
Income tax provision | | | 97,523 | | | | 97,270 | | | | 65,123 | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 234,816 | | | | 144,526 | | | | 101,984 | |
Loss from discontinued operations (Note 4) | | | (22,893 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) | | | (2,379 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | 99,605 | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Basic: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.01 | | | $ | 1.23 | | | $ | 0.85 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.20 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 1.81 | | | $ | 1.20 | | | $ | 0.83 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Diluted: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 2.00 | | | $ | 1.22 | | | $ | 0.84 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.19 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 1.80 | | | $ | 1.19 | | | $ | 0.82 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 117,094 | | | | 117,466 | | | | 119,380 | |
Diluted | | | 117,777 | | | | 118,313 | | | | 121,258 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) As adjusted. See additional information at Notes 3 and 4. | | |
| |
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. | |
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(in thousands, except share data) | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 (a) | |
ASSETS | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 275,709 | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Restricted cash | | | 15,264 | | | | 1,891 | |
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $332,603 (2008-$319,417) | | | 1,208,595 | | | | 1,337,558 | |
Unbilled receivables, CRO | | | 21,868 | | | | 22,329 | |
Inventories | | | 368,477 | | | | 449,023 | |
Deferred income tax benefits | | | 113,575 | | | | 134,249 | |
Other current assets | | | 197,492 | | | | 176,989 | |
Current assets of discontinued operations | | | 18,627 | | | | 34,986 | |
Total current assets | | | 2,219,607 | | | | 2,371,693 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Properties and equipment, at cost less accumulated | | | | | | | | |
depreciation of $324,995 (2008-$300,880) | | | 208,969 | | | | 208,527 | |
Goodwill | | | 4,273,695 | | | | 4,211,221 | |
Identifiable intangible assets, less accumulated | | | | | | | | |
amortization of $186,424 (2008-$149,538) | | | 297,153 | | | | 329,446 | |
Rabbi trust assets for settlement of pension obligations | | | 133,040 | | | | 134,587 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 145,781 | | | | 137,526 | |
Noncurrent asssets of discontinued operations | | | 45,859 | | | | 57,245 | |
Total noncurrent assets | | | 5,104,497 | | | | 5,078,552 | |
Total assets | | $ | 7,324,104 | | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 256,886 | | | $ | 333,728 | |
Accrued employee compensation | | | 43,688 | | | | 50,082 | |
Deferred revenue, CRO | | | 11,226 | | | | 23,227 | |
Current debt | | | 127,071 | | | | 1,784 | |
Other current liabilities | | | 173,972 | | | | 221,632 | |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | | | 7,206 | | | | 10,336 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 620,049 | | | | 640,789 | |
Long-term debt, notes and convertible debentures (Note 11) | | | 1,980,239 | | | | 2,352,824 | |
Deferred income tax liabilities | | | 571,622 | | | | 525,426 | |
Other noncurrent liabilities | | | 276,201 | | | | 276,284 | |
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 53 | |
Total noncurrent liabilities | | | 2,828,062 | | | | 3,154,587 | |
Total liabilities | | | 3,448,111 | | | | 3,795,376 | |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17) | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders' equity: | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, | | | | | | | | |
none issued and outstanding | | | - | | | | - | |
Common stock, $1 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, | | | | | | | | |
127,824,800 shares issued (2008-125,583,300 shares issued) | | | 127,825 | | | | 125,583 | |
Paid-in capital (Note 11) | | | 2,269,905 | | | | 2,224,129 | |
Retained earnings | | | 1,698,620 | | | | 1,498,171 | |
Treasury stock, at cost-7,545,000 shares (2008-7,135,300 shares) | | | (205,017 | ) | | | (193,178 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | | | (15,340 | ) | | | 164 | |
Total stockholders' equity | | | 3,875,993 | | | | 3,654,869 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | $ | 7,324,104 | | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
(a) | As adjusted. See additional information at Notes 3 and 4. |
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | |
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
| | | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | | 2009 | | | 2008 (a) | | | 2007 (a) | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | 99,605 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | 22,893 | | | | 4,053 | | | | 2,379 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Depreciation | | | 49,440 | | | | 47,858 | | | | 49,155 | |
| Amortization | | | 90,136 | | | | 90,135 | | | | 81,985 | |
| Deferred tax provision | | | 91,728 | | | | 57,286 | | | | 32,555 | |
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| from acquisition and divesture of businesses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables, net of | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| provison for doubtful accounts | | | 142,498 | | | | 43,148 | | | | 169,517 | |
| Inventories | | | 84,469 | | | | 3,887 | | | | 12,880 | |
| Current and noncurrent assets | | | (14,635 | ) | | | 74,505 | | | | (63,868 | ) |
| Accounts payable | | | (76,974 | ) | | | (45,072 | ) | | | 106,819 | |
| Accrued employee compensation | | | (5,536 | ) | | | 21,912 | | | | (920 | ) |
| Deferred revenue | | | (11,984 | ) | | | 1,142 | | | | (4,354 | ) |
| Current and noncurrent liabilities | | | (101,609 | ) | | | (3,171 | ) | | | 16,097 | |
| Net cash flows from operating activities of continuing operations | | | 482,349 | | | | 436,156 | | | | 501,850 | |
| Net cash flows from operating activities of discontinued operations | | | 1,445 | | | | 2,041 | | | | 3,679 | |
| Net cash flows from operating activities | | | 483,794 | | | | 438,197 | | | | 505,529 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | (92,889 | ) | | | (225,710 | ) | | | (151,135 | ) |
| Capital expenditures | | | (30,865 | ) | | | (59,606 | ) | | | (42,828 | ) |
| Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | (10,547 | ) | | | 847 | | | | 291 | |
| Disbursements for loans and investments | | | (6,800 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
| Other | | | (3,179 | ) | | | 683 | | | | (774 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in investing activities of continuing operations | | | (144,280 | ) | | | (283,786 | ) | | | (194,446 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in investing activities of discontinued operations | | | (557 | ) | | | (1,507 | ) | | | (2,442 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | (144,837 | ) | | | (285,293 | ) | | | (196,888 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | - | | | | 396,000 | | | | 95,000 | |
| Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (275,000 | ) | | | (485,081 | ) | | | (245,000 | ) |
| Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (1,592 | ) | | | (2,833 | ) | | | (4,342 | ) |
| (Decrease) in cash overdraft balance | | | (637 | ) | | | (5,449 | ) | | | (3,580 | ) |
| Payments for Omnicare common stock repurchases (Note 2) | | | - | | | | (100,165 | ) | | | - | |
| Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock options, | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| net of stock tendered in payment | | | 9,666 | | | | (1,390 | ) | | | (8,966 | ) |
| Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 2,367 | | | | 963 | | | | 4,112 | |
| Dividends paid | | | (10,733 | ) | | | (10,751 | ) | | | (10,971 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in financing activities of continuing operations | | | (275,929 | ) | | | (208,706 | ) | | | (173,747 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in financing activities of discontinued operations | | | (479 | ) | | | (360 | ) | | | (1,392 | ) |
| Net cash flows used in financing activities | | | (276,408 | ) | | | (209,066 | ) | | | (175,139 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | (1,099 | ) | | | (3,196 | ) | | | 2,912 | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 61,450 | | | | (59,358 | ) | | | 136,414 | |
Less increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations | | | 409 | | | | 174 | | | | (155 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations | | | 61,041 | | | | (59,532 | ) | | | 136,569 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 214,668 | | | | 274,200 | | | | 137,631 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 275,709 | | | $ | 214,668 | | | $ | 274,200 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | As adjusted. See additional information at Notes 3 and 4. | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. | | | | | | | | | |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(in thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Other | | | Total | |
| Common | | | Paid-in | | | Retained | | | Treasury | | | Comprehensive | | | Stockholders' | |
| Stock | | | Capital (a) | | | Earnings (a) | | | Stock | | | Income | | | Equity (a) | |
Balance at January 1, 2007, as reported | $ | 124,269 | | | $ | 1,885,529 | | | $ | 1,300,550 | | | $ | (86,755 | ) | | $ | (60,142 | ) | | $ | 3,163,451 | |
Adjustment to initially adopt authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) | | - | | | | 278,502 | | | | (14,931 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | 263,571 | |
Balance at January 1, 2007, as adjusted | | 124,269 | | | | 2,164,031 | | | | 1,285,619 | | | | (86,755 | ) | | | (60,142 | ) | | | 3,427,022 | |
Cumulative FIN 48 adjustment (Note 14) | | | | | | | | | | (5,804 | ) | | | | | | | | | | | (5,804 | ) |
Dividends paid ($0.09 per share) | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,971 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,971 | ) |
Stock acquired/issued for benefit plans | | - | | | | 292 | | | | - | | | | 9,248 | | | | - | | | | 9,540 | |
Stock option exercises and amortization/forfeitures | | 85 | | | | 6,509 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 6,594 | |
Stock awards, net of amortization/forfeitures | | 245 | | | | 24,732 | | | | - | | | | (12,284 | ) | | | - | | | | 12,693 | |
Subtotal | | 124,599 | | | | 2,195,564 | | | | 1,268,844 | | | | (89,791 | ) | | | (60,142 | ) | | | 3,439,074 | |
Net income | | - | | | | - | | | | 99,605 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 99,605 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cumulative translation adjustment | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,183 | | | | 2,183 | |
Unrealized appreciation in fair value of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
investments | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 3,823 | | | | 3,823 | |
Amortization of pension benefit costs | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7,085 | | | | 7,085 | |
Actuarial loss on pension obligations | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,552 | ) | | | (10,552 | ) |
Equity adjustment for long-term | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
care plan liabilities | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (395 | ) | | | (395 | ) |
Comprehensive income | | - | | | | - | | | | 99,605 | | | | - | | | | 2,144 | | | | 101,749 | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | 124,599 | | | | 2,195,564 | | | | 1,368,449 | | | | (89,791 | ) | | | (57,998 | ) | | | 3,540,823 | |
Dividends paid ($0.09 per share) | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,751 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,751 | ) |
Stock acquired/issued for benefit plans | | - | | | | (343 | ) | | | - | | | | 2,319 | | | | - | | | | 1,976 | |
Stock option exercises and amortization/forfeitures | | 264 | | | | 10,138 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 10,402 | |
Common stock repurchase | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (100,165 | ) | | | - | | | | (100,165 | ) |
Stock awards, net of amortization/forfeitures | | 720 | | | | 18,770 | | | | - | | | | (5,541 | ) | | | - | | | | 13,949 | |
Subtotal | | 125,583 | | | | 2,224,129 | | | | 1,357,698 | | | | (193,178 | ) | | | (57,998 | ) | | | 3,456,234 | |
Net income | | - | | | | - | | | | 140,473 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 140,473 | |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cumulative translation adjustment | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 224 | | | | 224 | |
Unrealized appreciation in fair value of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
investments | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,940 | | | | 4,940 | |
Amortization of pension benefit costs | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 9,292 | | | | 9,292 | |
Actuarial gain on pension obligations | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 43,706 | | | | 43,706 | |
Comprehensive income | | - | | | | - | | | | 140,473 | | | | - | | | | 58,162 | | | | 198,635 | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | $ | 125,583 | | | $ | 2,224,129 | | | $ | 1,498,171 | | | $ | (193,178 | ) | | $ | 164 | | | $ | 3,654,869 | |
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(in thousands, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Other | | | Total | |
| | Common | | | Paid-in | | | Retained | | | Treasury | | | Comprehensive | | | Stockholders' | |
| | Stock | | | Capital (a) | | | Earnings (a) | | | Stock | | | Income | | | Equity (a) | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | | 125,583 | | | | 2,224,129 | | | | 1,498,171 | | | | (193,178 | ) | | | 164 | | | | 3,654,869 | |
Dividends paid ($0.09 per share) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,733 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,733 | ) |
Stock acquired/issued for benefit plans | | | - | | | | 23 | | | | - | | | | 569 | | | | - | | | | 592 | |
Stock option exercises and amortization/forfeitures | | | 1,079 | | | | 24,619 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 25,698 | |
Stock awards/issuance, net of amortization/forfeitures | | | 1,163 | | | | 21,883 | | | | - | | | | (12,408 | ) | | | - | | | | 10,638 | |
Adjustment to deferred tax convertible debt adjustment | | | - | | | | (749 | ) | | | (741 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,490 | ) |
Subtotal | | | 127,825 | | | | 2,269,905 | | | | 1,486,697 | | | | (205,017 | ) | | | 164 | | | | 3,679,574 | |
Net income | | | - | | | | - | | | | 211,923 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 211,923 | |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cumulative translation adjustment | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 14,934 | | | | 14,934 | |
Unrealized depreciation in fair value of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
investments | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (7,267 | ) | | | (7,267 | ) |
Amortization of pension benefit gain | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,045 | | | | 2,045 | |
Actuarial loss on pension obligations | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (25,216 | ) | | | (25,216 | ) |
Comprehensive income | | | - | | | | - | | | | 211,923 | | | | - | | | | (15,504 | ) | | | 196,419 | |
Balance at December 31, 2009 | | $ | 127,825 | | | $ | 2,269,905 | | | $ | 1,698,620 | | | $ | (205,017 | ) | | $ | (15,340 | ) | | $ | 3,875,993 | |
(a) | Effective January 1, 2009, Omnicare adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance for accounting for convertible debt that may be settled upon conversion (including partial cash settlement). Financial statements for all periods presented have been retrospectively restated for this change in accounting. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements. |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1 – Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
Omnicare, Inc. (“Omnicare” or the “Company”) is a leading geriatric pharmaceutical services company. Omnicare is the nation’s largest provider of pharmaceuticals and related ancillary pharmacy services to long-term healthcare institutions. Omnicare’s clients include primarily skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), assisted living facilities (“ALFs”), retirement centers, independent living communities, hospitals, hospice, and other healthcare settings and service providers. At December 31, 2009, Omnicare served long-term care facilities as well as chronic care and other settings comprising approximately 1,377,000 beds, including approximately 68,000 patients served by the patient assistance programs of its specialty pharmacy services business. The comparable number at December 31, 2008 was approximately 1,390,000 (including approximately 68,000 patients served by patient assistance programs). Omnicare provides its pharmacy services in 47 states in the United States (“U.S.”), the District of Columbia and Canada at December 31, 2009. Omnicare’s pharmacy services also include distribution and product support services for specialty pharmaceuticals. Omnicare’s contract research organization provides comprehensive product development and research services for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostic industries in 31 countries worldwide.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. Omnicare consolidates entities in which the Company is the primary beneficiary, in accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding the consolidation of variable interest entities, which requires variable interest entities to be consolidated if the Company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the entity’s activities or entitled to receive a majority of the entity’s returns, including residual returns. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Translation of Foreign Financial Statements
Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign operations (primarily in Omnicare’s contract research organization) are translated at the year-end rate of exchange, and the income statements are translated at average rates of exchange. Gains or losses from translating foreign currency financial statements are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders’ equity.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents include all investments in highly liquid instruments with maturities at purchase date of three months or less.
Restricted Cash
Restricted cash primarily represents cash transferred to separate irrevocable trusts for settlement of employee health and severance costs, and cash collected on behalf of a third party.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements, which defines a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs in fair value measurements. “Level 1” measurements are measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. “Level 2” measurements use significant other observable inputs. “Level 3” measurements are measurements using significant unobservable inputs which require a company to develop its own assumptions. In recording the fair value of assets and liabilities, companies must use the most reliable measurement available. The impact to the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows upon adoption of this authoritative guidance was not material.
See further discussion at the “Fair Value” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of interest-bearing cash and cash equivalents, assets invested for settlement of the Company’s employee benefit obligations, and accounts receivable.
The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions or issuers of cash and cash equivalents to the extent recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Specifically, at any given point in time, the Company has cash on deposit with financial institutions, and cash invested in high quality short-term money market funds and/or U.S. government-backed repurchase agreements, generally having original maturities of three months or less, in order to minimize its credit risk.
The Company establishes allowances for doubtful accounts based on various factors, including historical credit losses and specifically identified credit risks. Management reviews the allowances for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis for appropriateness. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenues. The Company generally does not require collateral from its customers relating to the extension of credit in the form of accounts receivable balances.
The prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D (“Part D”) became effective on January 1, 2006. As a result, providers of long-term care pharmacy services, including Omnicare, experienced a significant shift in payor mix beginning in 2006. Approximately 43% of the Company’s revenues in 2009 were generated under the Part D program. The Company estimates that approximately 26% of these Part D revenues relate to patients enrolled in Part D prescription drug plans sponsored by United Health Group and its affiliates (“United”). Prior to the implementation of the new Medicare Part D program, most of the Part D residents served by the Company were reimbursed under state Medicaid programs and, to a lesser extent, private pay sources.
Under the Part D benefit, payment is determined in accordance with the agreements Omnicare has negotiated with the Part D Plans. The remainder of Omnicare’s billings are paid or reimbursed primarily by long-term care facilities (including revenues for residents funded under Medicare Part A) and other third party payors, including private insurers, state Medicaid programs, as well as individual residents.
The Medicaid and Medicare programs are highly regulated. The failure, even if inadvertent, of Omnicare and/or client facilities to comply with applicable reimbursement regulations could adversely affect Omnicare’s reimbursement under these programs and Omnicare’s ability to continue to participate in these programs. In addition, failure to comply with these regulations could subject the Company to other penalties.
As noted, the Company obtains reimbursement for drugs it provides to enrollees of a given Part D Plan in accordance with the terms of the agreement negotiated between it and that Part D Plan. The Company has entered into such agreements with nearly all Part D Plan sponsors under which it will provide drugs and associated services to their enrollees. The Company continues to have ongoing discussions with Part D Plans in the ordinary course. The Company may, as appropriate, renegotiate agreements. Further, the proportion of the Company’s Part D business serviced under specific agreements may change over time based upon beneficiary choice, reassignment of dual eligibles to different Part D Plans or Part D Plan consolidation. Moreover, as expected in the transition to a new program of this magnitude, certain administrative and payment issues have arisen, resulting in higher operating expenses, as well as outstanding gross accounts receivable (net of allowances for contractual adjustments, and prior to any allowance for doubtful accounts), particularly for copays. As of December 31, 2009, copays outstanding from Part D Plans were approximately $16 million relating to 2006 and 2007. The Company is pursuing solutions, including legal actions against certain Part D payors, to collect outstanding copays, as well as certain rejected claims.
On July 11, 2007, the Company commenced legal action against a group of its customers for, among other things, the collection of past-due receivables that are owed to the Company. Specifically, approximately $100 million (excluding interest) is owed to the Company by this group of customers as of December 31, 2009, of which approximately $95 million is past due based on applicable payment terms (a significant portion of which is not reserved based on the relevant facts and circumstances).
The provision for doubtful accounts for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $93.2 million was lower than the comparable prior-year’s amounts of $106.4 million and $206.8 million. The year ended 2007 includes an incremental charge taken in the fourth quarter relating to customer bankruptcies and other legal action against a group of customers for, among other things, the collection of past due receivables, a revised assessment of the administrative and payment issues associated with Prescription Drug Plans under Medicare Part D, particularly relating to the aging of copays and rejected claims, and the resultant adoption by the Company of a modification in its policy with respect to payment authorization for dispensed prescriptions under Medicare Part D and other payors.
Until these administrative and payment issues relating to the Part D Drug Benefit as well as the aforementioned legal action against a group of Omnicare’s customers are fully resolved, there can be no assurance that the impact of these matters on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows will not change based on the outcome of any unforeseen future developments.
In 2009, approximately one-half of Omnicare’s pharmacy services billings were directly reimbursed by government-sponsored programs. These programs include primarily federal Medicare Part D and, to a lesser extent, the state Medicaid programs. The remainder of Omnicare’s billings were paid or reimbursed by individual residents or their responsible parties (private pay), facilities and other third-party payors, including private insurers. As previously discussed, a portion of these revenues also was indirectly dependent on government programs. The table below represents the Company’s approximated payor mix (as a % of annual sales) for the last three years ended December 31,:
| 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
Private pay, third-party and facilities (a) | 42% | | 43% | | 42% |
Federal Medicare program (Part D & Part B) (b) | 44% | | 42% | | 43% |
State Medicaid programs | 9% | | 10% | | 11% |
Other sources (c) | 5% | | 5% | | 4% |
Totals | 100% | | 100% | | 100% |
(a) | Includes payments from SNFs on behalf of their federal Medicare program-eligible residents (Medicare |
| Part A) and for other services and supplies, as well as payments from third-party insurers and private pay. |
(b) | Includes direct billing for medical supplies under Part B totaling 1% in each of the 2009, 2008 and 2007 |
| years. |
(c) | Includes our contract research organization. |
Inventories
Inventories consist primarily of purchased pharmaceuticals and medical supplies held for sale to customers and are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. Physical inventories are typically performed on a monthly basis at all pharmacy sites, and in all cases the Company’s policy is to perform them at least once a quarter. Cost of goods sold is recorded based on the actual results of the physical inventory counts, and is estimated when a physical inventory is not performed in a particular month.
Properties and Equipment
Properties and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, renewals and betterments that do not materially prolong the useful lives of the assets are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation of properties and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from five to 10 years for computer equipment and software, machinery and equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Buildings and building improvements are depreciated over 40 years, and leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the initial lease terms or their useful lives. The Company capitalizes certain costs that are directly associated with the development of internally developed software, representing the historical cost of these assets. Once the software is completed and placed into service, such costs are amortized over the estimated useful lives, ranging from five to 10 years.
Leases
Rental payments under operating leases are expensed in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Leases that substantially transfer all of the benefits and risks of ownership of property to Omnicare or otherwise meet the criteria for capitalization under U.S. GAAP are accounted for as capital leases. An asset is recorded at the time a capital lease is entered into together with its related long-term obligation to reflect its purchase and financing. Property and equipment recorded under capital leases are depreciated on the same basis as previously described.
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
In accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, long-lived assets such as property and equipment, software (acquired and internally developed) and investments are reviewed for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the book carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its book carrying amount.
Goodwill, Intangibles and Other Assets
Intangible assets are comprised primarily of goodwill, customer relationship assets, noncompete agreements, technology assets, and trademarks and trade names, all originating from business combinations accounted for as purchase transactions. In accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding goodwill and other intangible assets, goodwill is reviewed at the reporting unit level for impairment using a fair value based approach at least annually. This guidance requires the Company to assess whether there is an indication that goodwill is impaired, and requires goodwill to be tested between annual tests if events occur or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its book carrying amount. The Company’s assessments to date have indicated that goodwill has not been impaired. Intangible assets that are being amortized under the authoritative guidance are amortized over their useful lives, ranging from five to 15 years.
Debt issuance costs are included in the “Other noncurrent assets” line of the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized over the life of the related debt, and to the put date of December 15, 2015 in the case of the 3.25% convertible senior debentures due 2035.
Insurance Accruals
The Company is self-insured for certain employee health, property and casualty insurance claims. The Company carries a stop-loss umbrella policy for health insurance to limit the maximum potential liability for both individual and aggregate claims for a plan year. Claims are paid as they are submitted to the respective plan administrators. The Company records monthly expense for the self-insurance plans in its financial statements for incurred claims, based on historical claims experience and input from third-party insurance professionals in order to determine the appropriate accrual level. The accrual gives consideration to claims that have been incurred but not yet paid and/or reported to the plan administrator. The Company establishes the accruals based on the historical claim lag periods, current payment trends for similar insurance claims and input from third-party insurance and valuation professionals.
The book carrying amount of the Company’s property and casualty accrual available for self-insured retentions and deductibles, at December 31, 2009 and 2008, was $21.4 million and $19.4 million, respectively. The discount rate utilized in the computation of the property and casualty accrual balance at December 31, 2009 and 2008, with the assistance of the Company’s valuation advisors and giving consideration to anticipated claim lag periods, was 2.4% and 1.4%, respectively.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized by Omnicare when products are delivered or services are provided to the customer.
Pharmacy Services Segment
A significant portion of the Company’s Pharmacy Services segment revenues from sales of pharmaceutical and medical products have been reimbursed by the federal Medicare Part D plan and, to a lesser extent, state Medicaid programs. Payments for services rendered to patients covered by these programs are generally less than billed charges. The Company monitors its revenues and receivables from these reimbursement sources, as well as other third-party insurance payors, and records an estimated contractual allowance for certain sales and receivable balances at the revenue recognition date, to properly account for anticipated differences between billed and reimbursed amounts. Accordingly, the total net sales and receivables reported in the Company’s financial statements are recorded at the amount ultimately expected to be received from these payors. Since billing functions for a portion of the Company’s revenue systems, are largely computerized enabling on-line adjudication (i.e., submitting charges to Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payors electronically, with simultaneous feedback of the amount to be paid) at the time of sale to record net revenues, exposure to estimating contractual allowance adjustments is limited primarily to unbilled and/or initially rejected Medicare, Medicaid and third-party claims (typically approved for reimbursement once additional information is provided to the payor). For the remaining portion of the Company’s revenue systems, the contractual allowance is estimated for all billed, unbilled and/or initially rejected Medicare, Medicaid and third-party claims. The Company evaluates several criteria in developing the estimated contractual allowances for billed, unbilled and/or initially rejected claims on a monthly basis, including historical trends based on actual claims paid, current contract and reimbursement terms, and changes in customer base and payor/product mix. Contractual allowance estimates are adjusted to actual amounts as cash is received and claims are settled, and the aggregate impact of these resulting adjustments were not significant to the Company’s operations for any of the periods presented. Further, Omnicare does not expect the reasonably possible effects of a change in estimate related to unsettled December 31, 2009 contractual allowance amounts from Medicare, Medicaid and third-party payors to be significant to its future consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Patient co-payments are associated with certain state Medicaid programs, Medicare Part B, Medicare Part D and certain third-party payors and are typically not collected at the time products are delivered or services are rendered, but are billed to the individual as part of the Company’s normal billing procedures. These co-payments are subject to the Company’s normal accounts receivable collections procedures.
A patient may be dispensed prescribed medications (typically no more than a 2-3 day supply) prior to insurance being verified in emergency situations, or for new facility admissions after hours or on weekends. As soon as practicable (typically the following business day), specific payor information is obtained so that the proper payor can be billed for reimbursement.
Under certain circumstances, the Company accepts returns of medications and issues a credit memo to the applicable payor. The Company estimates and accrues for sales returns based on historical return experience, giving consideration to the Company’s return policies. Product returns are processed in the period received, and are not significant when compared to the overall sales, gross profit and income from continuing operations of the Company.
Contract Research Services Segment
A portion of the Company's overall revenues relates to the Contract Research Services (“CRO” or “CRO Services”) segment, and is earned by performing services under contracts with various pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostics companies, based on contract terms. Most of the contracts provide for services to be performed on a units-of-service basis. These contracts specifically identify the units-of-service and unit pricing. Under these contracts, revenue is generally recognized upon completion of the units-of-service. For time-and-materials contracts, revenue is recognized at contractual hourly rates, and for fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognized using a method similar to that used for units-of-service. The Company's contracts provide for additional service fees for scope of work changes. The Company recognizes revenue related to these scope changes when underlying services are performed and realization is assured. In a number of cases, clients are required to make termination payments in addition to payments for services already rendered. Any anticipated losses resulting from contract performance are charged to earnings in the period identified. Billings and payments are specified in each contract. Revenue recognized in excess of billings is classified as unbilled receivables, while billings in excess of revenue are classified as deferred revenue, on the respective lines of the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Stock-Based Compensation
The authoritative guidance regarding share-based payments requires the Company to record compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions in its financial statements under a fair value recognition model. Under the provisions of this guidance, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense ratably over the requisite service period of the award (usually the vesting period). In addition, this method requires compensation cost for the portion of awards for which service has not been rendered (i.e., nonvested portion) and were outstanding as of January 1, 2006. Estimated compensation cost for awards that were outstanding as of January 1, 2006 is being recognized over the remaining service period using the compensation cost estimate included in the share-based payments pro forma disclosures at the time the awards were issued.
Delivery Expenses
Omnicare incurred expenses totaling approximately $182 million, $194 million and $186 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, to deliver the products sold to its customers. Delivery expenses are included in the “Selling, general and administrative expenses” line of the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Subsequent Events
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance for subsequent events, which requires that entities disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated, as well as whether that date is the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued, and noted no material subsequent events had occurred through this date warranting revision to the financial statements.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method in accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for income taxes under which deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates to differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements.
Future tax benefits are recognized to the extent that realization of those benefits is considered to be more likely than not, and a valuation allowance is established for deferred tax assets which do not meet this threshold.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) adjustments at December 31, 2009 and 2008, net of aggregate applicable tax benefits of $21.5 million and $2.5 million, respectively, by component and in the aggregate, follow (in thousands):
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments | | $ | 19,046 | | | $ | 4,112 | | | $ | 3,888 | |
Unrealized gain on fair value of investments | | | 73 | | | | 7,340 | | | | 2,400 | |
Pension and postemployment benefits | | | (34,459 | ) | | | (11,288 | ) | | | (64,286 | ) |
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) adjustments, net | | $ | (15,340 | ) | | $ | 164 | | | $ | (57,998 | ) |
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity at the date of the financial statements, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods and amounts reported in the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates underlying the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts and contractual allowance reserve; the net carrying value of inventories; acquisition-related accounting including goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, and the related impairment assessments; accruals pursuant to the Company’s restructuring initiatives; employee benefit plan assumptions and reserves; stock-based compensation; various other operating allowances and accruals (including employee health, property and casualty insurance accruals and related assumptions); fair value determinations; and current and deferred tax assets, liabilities and provisions. Actual results could differ from those estimates depending upon the resolution of certain risks and uncertainties.
Potential risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Omnicare, include, but are not necessarily limited to, such factors as overall economic, financial and business conditions; delays and reductions in reimbursement by the government and other payors to Omnicare and/or its customers; the overall financial condition of Omnicare’s customers; the effect of new government regulations, executive orders and/or legislative initiatives, including those relating to reimbursement and drug pricing policies and changes in the interpretation and application of such policies; efforts by payors to control costs; the outcome of litigation; the outcome of audit, compliance, administrative or investigatory reviews, including governmental/ regulatory inquiries; other contingent liabilities; loss or delay of contracts pertaining to the Company’s CRO Services segment for regulatory or other reasons; currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and other currencies; changes in international economic and political conditions; changes in interest rates; changes in the valuation of the Company’s financial instruments, including the swap agreement and other derivative instruments; changes in employee benefit plan assumptions and reserves; changes in tax laws and regulations; access to capital and financing; the demand for Omnicare’s products and services; pricing and other competitive factors in the industry; changes in insurance claims experience and related assumptions; the outcome of the Company’s annual goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets assessments; variations in costs or expenses; and changes in accounting rules and standards.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") revised the authoritative guidance for variable interest entities to require an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise’s variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity. This guidance is effective for an entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. The Company does not anticipate the effect of this recently issued guidance to be material to its consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications and adjustments (see ”Change in Method of Accounting for Convertible Debt” note) of prior-year amounts have been made to conform with the current-year presentation. Further, the Company has discontinued a component of its pharmacy services business (see “Discontinued Operations” note). All amounts disclosed in these consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented on a continuing operations basis unless otherwise stated.
Note 2 – Common Stock Repurchase Program
On March 27, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase, from time to time, shares of Omnicare's outstanding common stock having an aggregate value of up to $100 million, depending on market conditions and other factors. During 2008, the Company repurchased approximately 4.1 million shares at a cost of approximately $100 million. Accordingly, the Company has utilized the full amount of share repurchase authority and completed the program. These repurchases were made in open market or privately negotiated transactions in compliance with Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 10b-18 and other applicable legal requirements. As of December 31, 2009, Omnicare had approximately 120.3 million shares of common stock outstanding.
Note 3 – Change in Method of Accounting for Convertible Debt
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company retrospectively adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement), which among other items, specifies that issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that reflects the entity’s calculated nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when the debt was issued. Comparative financial statements for prior years have been adjusted to apply the new method retrospectively. The affected financial statement line items and the amount of the adjustments follow (in thousands):
Income Statement | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the years ended, | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Amortization of discount on convertible notes (Note 11) | | $ | (27,977 | ) | | $ | (25,934 | ) | | $ | (24,041 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | 936 | | | | 936 | | | | 936 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (27,041 | ) | | | (24,998 | ) | | | (23,105 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income tax provision | | | (10,310 | ) | | | (9,363 | ) | | | (8,654 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | (16,731 | ) | | $ | (15,635 | ) | | $ | (14,451 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings per share from continuing operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $ | (0.14 | ) | | $ | (0.13 | ) | | $ | (0.12 | ) |
Diluted | | $ | (0.14 | ) | | $ | (0.13 | ) | | $ | (0.12 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | (16,731 | ) | | $ | (15,635 | ) | | $ | (14,451 | ) |
Statement of Cash Flows | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the years ended, | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations: | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | (16,731 | ) | | $ | (15,635 | ) | | $ | (14,451 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization expense | | | 27,977 | | | | 25,934 | | | | 24,041 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Deferred tax provision | | | (10,310 | ) | | | (9,363 | ) | | | (8,654 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in other current and noncurrent assets | | | (936 | ) | | | (936 | ) | | | (936 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from operating activities from continuing operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
See further discussion at the “Debt” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 4 – Discontinued Operations
In the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain home healthcare and related ancillary businesses (“the disposal group”) that are non-strategic in nature. The disposal group, historically part of Omnicare’s Pharmacy Services segment, primarily represents ancillary businesses which accompanied other more strategic assets obtained by Omnicare in connection with the Company’s institutional pharmacy acquisition program. The results from continuing operations for all periods presented have been revised to reflect the results of the disposal group as discontinued operations, including certain expenses of the Company related to the divestiture. The Company anticipates completing the divestiture within twelve months. Selected financial data related to the discontinued operations of this disposal group for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 follows:
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Sales | | $ | 76,454 | | | $ | 104,892 | | | $ | 119,616 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss from discontinued operations of disposal group, pretax | | | (18,014 | ) | | | (6,607 | ) | | | (3,714 | ) |
Income tax benefit | | | 7,186 | | | | 2,554 | | | | 1,335 | |
Loss from discontinued operations of disposal group, aftertax | | | (10,828 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) | | | (2,379 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Impairment charge, pretax | | | (14,492 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
Income tax benefit on impairment charge | | | 2,427 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Impairment charge, aftertax | | | (12,065 | ) | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss from discontinued operations, aftertax | | $ | (22,893 | ) | | $ | (4,053 | ) | | $ | (2,379 | ) |
In 2009, the disposal group recorded an impairment charge of approximately $14.5 million pretax ($12.1 million aftertax) to reduce the carrying value of the disposal group to fair value as of June 30, 2009. The net assets held for sale of the disposal group are required to be measured at fair value for periods subsequent to July 1, 2009. The fair values were based on a market approach utilizing both selected guideline public companies and comparable industry transactions, which would be considered “Level 2” inputs within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amount is estimated, is reviewed quarterly and will be finalized once any disposition of the disposal group has been completed. See the “Fair Value” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial statements for further discussion on the fair value hierarchy.
Note 5 – Acquisitions
Since 1989, the Company has been involved in a program to acquire providers of pharmaceutical products and related pharmacy services to long-term care facilities and their residents as well as patients in other care settings. The Company’s strategy has included the acquisition of freestanding institutional pharmacy businesses as well as other assets, generally insignificant in size, which have been combined with existing pharmacy operations to augment their internal growth. From time-to-time the Company may acquire other businesses, such as pharmacy consulting companies, specialty pharmacy companies, medical supply and service companies, hospice pharmacy companies and companies providing distribution and product support services for specialty pharmaceuticals, as well as contract research organizations, which complement the Company’s core businesses.
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the provisions of the revised authoritative guidance for business combinations, which requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction at fair value; and establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including earn-out provisions. The 2009 implementation resulted in acquisition and other related costs of approximately $1.4 million pretax ($0.9 million aftertax) for the year ended December 31, 2009, which were primarily related to professional fees and acquisition related restructuring costs for acquisitions completed during 2009, partially offset by reductions in the Company’s original estimate of contingent consideration payable for acquisitions.
During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Company completed nine, 12 and 20 acquisitions (all of which were in the Pharmacy Services segment) of businesses, respectively, none of which were, individually or in the aggregate, significant to the Company. Acquisitions of businesses required cash payments of approximately $93 million, $226 million and $151 million (including amounts payable pursuant to acquisition agreements relating to prior-period acquisitions) in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The impact of these aggregate acquisitions on the Company’s overall goodwill balance has been reflected in the disclosures at the “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” note. The Company continues to evaluate the tax effects and other pre-acquisition contingencies relating to certain acquisitions. Omnicare is in the process of completing its allocation of the purchase price for certain acquisitions, and accordingly, the goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets balances are preliminary and subject to change. The net assets and operating results of acquisitions have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from their respective dates of acquisition.
The purchase agreements for acquisitions generally include clauses whereby the seller will or may be paid additional consideration at a future date depending on the passage of time and/or whether or not certain future events occur. The agreements also typically include provisions containing a number of representations and covenants by the seller, and provide that if those representations are found not to have been true or if those covenants are violated, Omnicare may offset any payments required to be made at a future date against any claims it may have under indemnity provisions in the related agreement. Amounts contingently payable through 2010, primarily representing payments originating from earnout provisions of acquisitions which were completed prior to January 1, 2009, total approximately $31 million as of December 31, 2009 and, if paid, will be recorded as additional purchase price, serving to increase goodwill in the period in which the contingencies are resolved and payment is made. For acquisitions completed since January 1, 2009, estimates of amounts contingently payable have been recorded as part of the initial purchase price and any adjustments have been recorded in the income statement in the period of adjustment, as previously disclosed. The amount of cash paid for acquisitions of businesses in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows represents acquisition-related payments made in each of the years of acquisition, as well as acquisition-related payments made during each of the years pursuant to acquisition transactions entered into in prior-years.
Note 6 – Cash and Cash Equivalents
A summary of cash and cash equivalents follows (in thousands):
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 67,081 | | | $ | 72,510 | |
Money market funds | | | 108,628 | | | | 11,158 | |
U.S. government-backed repurchase agreements | | | 100,000 | | | | 131,000 | |
| | $ | 275,709 | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Repurchase agreements represent investments in U.S. government-backed treasury issues at December 31, 2009 and 2008, under agreements to resell the securities to the counterparty. The amounts in the money market funds are shown at fair value based on the quoted market prices of the investments. The term of the repurchase agreements usually span overnight, but in no case is longer than 30 days. The Company has a collateralized interest in the underlying securities of repurchase agreements, which are segregated in the accounts of the counterparty.
Note 7 – Properties and Equipment
A summary of properties and equipment follows (in thousands):
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Land | | $ | 3,646 | | | $ | 3,646 | |
Buildings and building improvements | | | 15,419 | | | | 15,263 | |
Computer equipment and software | | | 271,386 | | | | 256,336 | |
Machinery and equipment | | | 125,019 | | | | 117,451 | |
Furniture, fixtures and leasehold improvements | | | 118,494 | | | | 116,711 | |
| | | 533,964 | | | | 509,407 | |
Accumulated depreciation | | | (324,995 | ) | | | (300,880 | ) |
| | $ | 208,969 | | | $ | 208,527 | |
Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, by business segment, are as follows (in thousands):
| | Pharmacy Services | | | CRO Services | | | Total | |
Balance as of January 1, 2008 | | $ | 4,208,429 | | | $ | 92,055 | | | $ | 4,300,484 | |
Goodwill acquired in the year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ended December 31, 2008 | | | 117,494 | | | | - | | | | 117,494 | |
Other | | | (204,715 | ) | | | (2,042 | ) | | | (206,757 | ) |
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | | | 4,121,208 | | | | 90,013 | | | | 4,211,221 | |
Goodwill acquired in the year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ended December 31, 2009 | | | 38,495 | | | | - | | | | 38,495 | |
Other | | | 21,789 | | | | 2,190 | | | | 23,979 | |
Balance as of December 31, 2009 | | $ | 4,181,492 | | | $ | 92,203 | | | $ | 4,273,695 | |
The “Other” captions above include the settlement of acquisition matters relating to prior-year acquisitions, (including, where applicable, payments pursuant to acquisition agreements such as deferred payments, indemnification payments and payments originating from earnout provisions, as well as adjustments for the finalization of purchase price allocations, including identifiable intangible asset valuations). “Other” also includes the effect of adjustments due to foreign currency translations, which relate primarily to the CRO Services segment, as well as one pharmacy located in Canada which is included in the Pharmacy Services segment. During the year ended 2008, the Company recorded a decrease in goodwill and a corresponding decrease in deferred tax liabilities in the amount of approximately $186 million to adjust previously recorded book and tax basis differences in the stock of subsidiaries acquired in the acquisition of NeighborCare, Inc. (“NeighborCare”).
The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment assessment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and concluded that goodwill had not been impaired. Also, at December 31, 2009, the Company did not have any accumulated impairment for its continuing operations.
The table below presents the Company’s other identifiable intangible assets at December 31, 2009 and 2008, all of which are subject to amortization, except trademark and trade names as described below (in thousands):
| | December 31, 2009 | |
| | Gross Carrying Amount | | | Accumulated Amortization | | | Net Carrying Amount | |
Customer relationship assets | | $ | 377,471 | | | $ | (154,029 | ) | | $ | 223,442 | |
Trademark and trade names | | | 37,709 | | | | - | | | | 37,709 | |
Non-compete agreements | | | 49,859 | | | | (23,689 | ) | | | 26,170 | |
Technology assets | | | 18,178 | | | | (8,424 | ) | | | 9,754 | |
Other | | | 360 | | | | (282 | ) | | | 78 | |
Total | | $ | 483,577 | | | $ | (186,424 | ) | | $ | 297,153 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2008 | |
| | Gross Carrying Amount | | | Accumulated Amortization | | | Net Carrying Amount | |
Customer relationship assets | | $ | 375,176 | | | $ | (121,034 | ) | | $ | 254,142 | |
Trademark and trade names | | | 37,480 | | | | - | | | | 37,480 | |
Non-compete agreements | | | 48,003 | | | | (21,259 | ) | | | 26,744 | |
Technology assets | | | 17,920 | | | | (6,942 | ) | | | 10,978 | |
Other | | | 405 | | | | (303 | ) | | | 102 | |
Total | | $ | 478,984 | | | $ | (149,538 | ) | | $ | 329,446 | |
Pretax amortization expense related to identifiable intangible assets was $39.6 million, $37.2 million and $34.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Omnicare’s trademark and trade names constitute identifiable intangible assets with indefinite useful lives based upon their expected useful lives and the anticipated effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other factors per the requirements of the authoritative guidance regarding goodwill and other intangible assets. Accordingly, these trademarks and trade names are not amortized, but are reviewed annually for impairment. The Company performed its annual assessment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and concluded that these assets had not been impaired.
Estimated annual pretax amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization at December 31, 2009 for the next five fiscal years is as follows (in thousands):
Year ended | | Amortization | |
December 31, | | Expense | |
2010 | | $ | 40,290 | |
2011 | | | 39,951 | |
2012 | | | 38,184 | |
2013 | | | 34,198 | |
2014 | | | 33,110 | |
Note 9 – Fair Value
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements, which defines a hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs in fair value measurements. “Level 1” measurements are measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. “Level 2” measurements use significant other observable inputs. “Level 3” measurements are measurements using significant unobservable inputs which require a company to develop its own assumptions. In recording the fair value of assets and liabilities, companies must use the most reliable measurement available. The impact to the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position and cash flows upon adoption of this authoritative guidance was not material. The assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
| | | | | Based on | |
| | | | | Quoted Prices | | | Other | | | | |
| | Fair Value | | | in Active | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | |
| | at December 31, | | | Markets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | |
| | 2009 | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | |
Assets and (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rabbi trust assets (2) | | $ | 133,040 | | | $ | 133,040 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
Interest rate swap agreement - fair value hedge (3) | | | 3,595 | | | | - | | | | 3,595 | | | | - | |
Derivatives (4) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | $ | 136,635 | | | $ | 133,040 | | | $ | 3,595 | | | $ | - | |
| | | | | Based on | |
| | | | | Quoted Prices | | | Other | | | | |
| | Fair Value | | | in Active | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | |
| | at December 31, | | | Markets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | |
| | 2008 | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | |
Assets and (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis:(1) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Rabbi trust assets (2) | | $ | 134,587 | | | $ | 134,587 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
Interest rate swap agreement - fair value hedge (3) | | | 6,013 | | | | - | | | | 6,013 | | | | - | |
Derivatives (4) | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | $ | 140,600 | | | $ | 134,587 | | | $ | 6,013 | | | $ | - | |
(1) For cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and accounts payable, the net carrying value of these items approximates their fair value at period end. Further, at period end, the fair value of Omnicare’s variable rate debt facilities approximates the carrying value, as the effective interest rates fluctuate with changes in market rates. The fair value of the Company’s fixed-rate debt facilities is based on quoted market prices and, while not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and thus excluded from the fair value table above, are included in the table below.
(2) The fair value of restricted funds held in trust (rabbi trust assets) for settlement of the Company’s pension obligations are based on quoted market prices of the investments held by the trustee.
(3) In connection with its offering of $250 million of 6.125% senior subordinated notes due 2013 (the “6.125% Senior Notes”), the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement (the “Swap Agreement”) with respect to all $250 million of the aggregate principal amount of the 6.125% Senior Notes. The Swap Agreement hedges against exposure to long-term U.S. dollar interest rates, and is designated and accounted for as a fair value hedge. The Company is accounting for the Swap Agreement in accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities, so changes in the fair value of the Swap Agreement are offset by changes in the recorded carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes. The fair value of the Swap Agreement is recorded in the “Other noncurrent assets” or “Other noncurrent liabilities” line of the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as applicable, and as an adjustment to the book carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes. The fair value of over-the-counter derivative instruments, such as the Company’s interest rate swap, can be modeled for valuation using a variety of techniques. The Company’s interest rate swap is valued using market inputs with mid-market pricing as a practical expedient for the bid/ask spread as allowed by the authoritative guidance for fair value measurements. As such, the swap is categorized within Level 2 of the hierarchy.
(4) Embedded in the Company’s 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities due 2033 (the “Old Trust PIERS”), Series B 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities due 2033 (the “New Trust PIERS”), and the 3.25% convertible senior debentures due 2035 (the “3.25% Convertible Debentures”) are two derivative instruments, specifically, a contingent interest provision and a contingent conversion parity provision. In addition, the 3.25% Convertible Debentures include an interest reset provision. The embedded derivatives are periodically valued, and at period end, the values of the derivatives embedded in the Old Trust PIERS, the New Trust PIERS and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures were not material. However, the values are subject to change, based on market conditions, which could affect the Company’s consolidated future results of operations, financial position or cash flows and fair value disclosures.
The fair value of the Company’s fixed-rate debt facilities is based on quoted market prices and is summarized as follows (in thousands):
Fair Value of Financial Instruments | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Financial Instrument: | | Book Value | | | Market Value | | | Book Value | | | Market Value | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
6.125% senior subordinated notes, due 2013, gross | | $ | 250,000 | | | $ | 248,000 | | | $ | 250,000 | | | $ | 208,800 | |
6.75% senior subordinated notes, due 2013 | | | 225,000 | | | | 219,500 | | | | 225,000 | | | | 189,000 | |
6.875% senior subordinated notes, due 2015 | | | 525,000 | | | | 528,500 | | | | 525,000 | | | | 446,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures, due 2033 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying value | | | 199,071 | | | | - | | | | 197,029 | | | | - | |
Unamortized debt discount | | | 145,929 | | | | - | | | | 147,971 | | | | - | |
Principal amount | | | 345,000 | | | | 254,400 | | | | 345,000 | | | | 250,800 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
3.25% convertible senior debentures, due 2035 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carrying value | | | 773,120 | | | | - | | | | 747,185 | | | | - | |
Unamortized debt discount | | | 204,380 | | | | - | | | | 230,315 | | | | - | |
Principal amount | | | 977,500 | | | | 801,600 | | | | 977,500 | | | | 565,100 | |
Note 10 – Leasing Arrangements
The Company has operating leases that cover various operating and administrative facilities and certain operating equipment. In most cases, the Company expects that these leases will be renewed, or replaced by other operating leases, in the normal course of business. There are no significant contingent rentals in the Company’s operating leases. Omnicare, Inc. routinely guarantees many of the lease obligations of its subsidiaries in the normal course of business.
The following is a schedule of future minimum rental payments required under operating leases that have initial or remaining noncancelable terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands):
Year ended | | | |
December 31, | | | |
2010 | | $ | 37,386 | |
2011 | | | 25,979 | |
2012 | | | 22,409 | |
2013 | | | 18,730 | |
2014 | | | 17,382 | |
Later years | | | 21,739 | |
Total minimum | | | | |
payments required | | $ | 143,625 | |
The Company has approximately $2 million in aggregate minimum rentals scheduled to be received in the future under noncancelable subleases as of December 31, 2009, which would serve to partially reduce the total minimum payments required as presented in the table above.
Total rent expense under operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $69.1 million, $75.5 million and $71.3 million, respectively.
Note 11 – Debt
A summary of debt follows (in thousands):
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Revolving loans, due 2010 | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
Senior term A loan, due 2010 | | | 125,000 | | | | 400,000 | |
6.125% senior subordinated notes, due 2013 | | | 250,000 | | | | 250,000 | |
6.75% senior subordinated notes, due 2013 | | | 225,000 | | | | 225,000 | |
6.875% senior subordinated notes, due 2015 | | | 525,000 | | | | 525,000 | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures, due 2033 | | | 345,000 | | | | 345,000 | |
3.25% convertible senior debentures, due 2035 | | | 977,500 | | | | 977,500 | |
Capitalized lease and other debt obligations | | | 6,524 | | | | 4,381 | |
Subtotal | | | 2,454,024 | | | | 2,726,881 | |
Add interest rate swap agreement | | | 3,595 | | | | 6,013 | |
(Subtract) unamortized debt discount | | | (350,309 | ) | | | (378,286 | ) |
(Subtract) current portion of debt | | | (127,071 | ) | | | (1,784 | ) |
Total long-term debt, net | | $ | 1,980,239 | | | $ | 2,352,824 | |
The following is a schedule of required debt payments due during each of the next five years and thereafter, as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands):
Year ended | | | |
December 31, | | | |
2010 | | $ | 127,071 | |
2011 | | | 1,606 | |
2012 | | | 940 | |
2013 | | | 475,987 | |
2014 | | | 754 | |
Later years | | | 1,847,666 | |
Total debt payments | | $ | 2,454,024 | |
Total cash interest payments made for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $115.6 million, $135.1 million and $156.0 million. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had approximately $26 million outstanding relating to standby letters of credit, substantially all of which are subject to automatic annual renewals.
2005 Refinancing Transactions
As part of a major refinancing completed during the fourth quarter of 2005, the Company completed its offering of $225 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% senior subordinated notes due 2013 (the “6.75% Senior Notes”), $525 million aggregate principal amount of 6.875% senior subordinated notes due 2015 (the “6.875% Senior Notes”), $977.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior debentures due 2035 (the “3.25% Convertible Debentures”), and 12,825,000 shares of common stock, $1 par value, at $59.72 per share for gross proceeds of approximately $766 million (the “2005 Common Stock Offering”) (excluding gross proceeds of approximately $51 million received in January 2006 from the underwriters of the common stock offering exercising their option in part to purchase an additional 850,000 shares of common stock at $59.72 per share).
The net proceeds from the refinancing were primarily utilized to pay off an interim financing provided by a $1.9 billion 364-day loan facility, discussed below, and the purchase of approximately $366 million of the Company’s 8.125% senior subordinated notes due 2011 (the “8.125% Senior Notes”) pursuant to a tender offer and consent solicitation.
See the additional discussion included below for more details regarding the various senior notes and convertible debentures.
During the third quarter of 2005, the Company entered into a $3.4 billion Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) consisting of the aforementioned $1.9 billion 364-day loan facility, with original maturity dates spanning from July 26, 2006 through August 17, 2006 (the “364-Day Loans”), an $800 million revolving credit facility, maturing on July 28, 2010 (the “Revolving Loans”), and a $700 million senior term A loan facility, maturing on July 28, 2010 (the “Term Loans”). Interest on the outstanding balances of the 364-Day Loans was payable, at the Company’s option, (i) at a Eurodollar Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus a margin of 0.75% or (ii) at an Alternate Base Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The 364-Day Loans were drawn at various intervals during the third quarter of 2005, with each separate borrowing having a slightly different interest rate based on the timing of the borrowing. The 364-Day Loans were repaid in full in late 2005 with proceeds from the 2005 Common Stock Offering, the 6.75% Senior Notes, the 6.875% Senior Notes, and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures, as further described below. Interest on the outstanding balances of the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans is payable, at the Company’s option, (i) at a Eurodollar Base Rate plus a margin based on the Company’s senior unsecured long-term debt securities rating and the Company’s Capitalization Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), that can range from 0.50% to 1.75% or (ii) at an Alternate Base Rate (defined as, for any day, a rate of interest per annum equal to the higher of (a) the Prime Rate for such day and (b) the sum of Federal Funds Effective Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for such day plus 0.50% per annum). The interest rate on the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans was 2.0% at December 31, 2009. The Credit Agreement requires the Company to comply with certain financial covenants, including a minimum consolidated net worth and a minimum fixed charges coverage ratio, and customary affirmative and negative covenants.
The Company primarily used the net proceeds from the Credit Agreement to repay outstanding borrowings, as of July 28, 2005, under a former 2003 credit facility totaling $123.1 million for a term A loan and $181 million for revolving credit facility loans (the “2003 Credit Facilities”), and for certain acquisitions, primarily NeighborCare. As of December 31, 2009, there was $125 million outstanding under the Term Loans, and no amount was drawn under the Revolving Loans.
In connection with the execution of the Credit Agreement, the Company has deferred debt issuance costs of $11.7 million. The Company amortized to expense approximately $1 million of the $11.7 million deferred debt issuance costs during the year ended December 31, 2009, and approximately $3 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
In addition to the new Credit Agreement, the Company had additional borrowings in 2005 of approximately $43 million, primarily consisting of a note payable carrying a five-year term, which was paid in full during the three months ended December 31, 2008.
8.125% Senior Subordinated Notes
During 2001, the Company completed the issuance, at par value, of $375 million of 8.125% senior subordinated notes due 2011. In connection with the issuance of the 8.125% Senior Notes, the Company deferred $11.1 million in debt issuance costs.
On December 5, 2005, Omnicare commenced a tender offer (the “Tender Offer”) for cash to purchase any and all of the $375 million outstanding principal amount of its 8.125% Senior Notes. In connection with the Tender Offer, the Company solicited consents to effect certain proposed amendments to the indenture governing the 8.125% Senior Notes. On December 16, 2005 (the “Consent Payment Deadline”), tenders and consents had been received with respect to $366.2 million aggregate principal amount of the 8.125% Senior Notes (approximately 98% of the total outstanding principal amount). The total consideration, excluding accrued and unpaid interest, for each $1,000 principal amount of 8.125% Senior Notes validly tendered prior to December 16, 2005 was $1,048.91, which included a $20 consent payment. As of December 31, 2005, approximately $8.8 million of the 8.125% Senior Notes remained outstanding. Subsequent to the Consent Payment Deadline and December 31, 2005, and prior to the Tender Offer expiration at midnight, New York City time, on January 3, 2006, an additional $0.6 million aggregate principal amount was validly tendered. The total consideration, excluding accrued and unpaid interest, for each $1,000 principal amount of 8.125% Senior Notes validly tendered subsequent to the Consent Payment Deadline and prior to expiration was $1,028.91, which did not include the $20 consent payment. During October 2006, the Company purchased all of the remaining $8.2 million of the 8.125% Senior Notes. In connection with the initial 2005 purchase of the 8.125% Senior Notes, the Company incurred early redemption fees, resulting in a $17.9 million pretax charge ($11.2 million aftertax) and the write-off of debt issuance costs resulting in a $5.8 million pretax charge ($3.7 million aftertax), both of which were recorded in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2005. Additionally, the Company incurred approximately $1.1 million ($0.7 million aftertax) of professional fees associated with the purchase of the 8.125% Senior Notes, which were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2005.
6.125% Senior Subordinated Notes
The Company completed, during the second quarter of 2003, its offering of $250 million of 6.125% senior subordinated notes due 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 6.125% Senior Notes, the Company deferred $6.6 million in debt issuance costs, of which approximately $0.7 million was amortized to expense in each of the three years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The 6.125% Senior Notes contain certain affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for such instruments.
In connection with its offering of the 6.125% Senior Notes, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement with respect to all $250 million of the aggregate principal amount of the 6.125% Senior Notes. Under the Swap Agreement, which hedges against exposure to long-term U.S. dollar interest rates, the Company receives a fixed rate of 6.125% and pays a floating rate based on LIBOR with an interest period of six months, plus a spread of 2.27%. The floating rate is determined semi-annually, in arrears, two London Banking Days prior to the first of each December and June. The Company records interest expense on the 6.125% Senior Notes at the floating rate. The estimated LIBOR-based floating rate (including the 2.27% spread) was 2.7% as of December 31, 2009. The Swap Agreement, which matches the terms of the 6.125% Senior Notes, is designated and accounted for as a fair value hedge. The Company is accounting for the Swap Agreement in accordance with the authoritative guidance for accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities, so changes in the fair value of the Swap Agreement are offset by changes in the recorded carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes. The fair value of the Swap Agreement, approximately $4 million at December 31, 2009, is recorded in the “Other noncurrent assets” or “Other noncurrent liabilities” line of the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as applicable, and as an adjustment to the book carrying value of the related 6.125% Senior Notes.
6.75% Senior Subordinated Notes
On December 15, 2005, Omnicare completed its offering of $225 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% senior subordinated notes due 2013. In connection with the issuance of the 6.75% Senior Notes, the Company deferred $4.6 million in debt issuance costs, of which approximately $0.6 million was amortized to expense in each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The 6.75% Senior Notes contain certain affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for such instruments.
6.875% Senior Subordinated Notes
On December 15, 2005, Omnicare completed its offering of $525 million aggregate principal amount of 6.875% senior subordinated notes due 2015. In connection with the issuance of the 6.875% Senior Notes, the Company deferred $10.7 million in debt issuance costs, of which approximately $1 million was amortized to expense in each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The 6.875% Senior Notes contain certain affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for such instruments.
4.00% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures:
During the first quarter of 2005, the Company completed its offer to exchange up to $345 million aggregate liquidation amount of 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities due 2033 of Omnicare Capital Trust I (the “Old Trust”), for an equal amount of Series B 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities of Omnicare Capital Trust II (the “New Trust”). The New Trust PIERS have substantially similar terms to the Old Trust PIERS, except that the New Trust PIERS have a net share settlement feature. In connection with the exchange offer, the composition of the Company’s 4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures underlying the trust PIERS was impacted. Additional information regarding the 4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures underlying the Old Trust PIERS and the New Trust PIERS is summarized below.
Original 4.00% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures
In connection with the offering of the Old Trust PIERS in the second quarter of 2003, the Company issued a corresponding amount of 4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures (the “Old 4.00% Debentures”) due 2033 to the Old Trust. The Old Trust is a 100%-owned finance subsidiary of the Company. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the securities of the Old Trust. The Old Trust PIERS offer fixed cash distributions at a rate of 4.00% per annum payable quarterly, and a fixed conversion price of $40.82 under a contingent conversion feature whereby the holders may convert their Old Trust PIERS if the closing sales price of Company common stock for a predetermined period, beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2003, is more than 130% of the then-applicable conversion price or, during a predetermined period, if the daily average of the trading prices for the Old Trust PIERS is less than 105% of the average of the conversion values for the Old Trust PIERS through 2028 (98% for any period thereafter through maturity). The Old Trust PIERS also will pay contingent distributions, commencing with the quarterly distribution period beginning June 15, 2009, if the average trading prices of the Old Trust PIERS for a predetermined period equals 115% or more of the stated liquidation amount of the Old Trust PIERS. In this circumstance, the holder of the convertible debenture will receive 0.125 percent of the average trading price during the predetermined period. Embedded in the Old Trust PIERS are two derivative instruments, specifically, a contingent interest provision and a contingent conversion parity provision. The embedded derivatives are periodically valued, and at period end, the values of both derivatives embedded in the Old Trust PIERS were not material. However, the values are subject to change, based on market conditions, which could affect the Company’s future results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Omnicare irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees, on a subordinated basis, certain payments to be made by the Old Trust in connection with the Old Trust PIERS. Subsequent to the first quarter 2005 exchange offer discussed in further detail at the Series B 4.00% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures caption below, the Company has $11,233,050 aggregate liquidation amount of the Old Trust PIERS and underlying Old 4.00% Debentures remaining outstanding at period end.
Series B 4.00% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures
On March 8, 2005, the Company completed the exchange of $333,766,950 aggregate liquidation amount of the Old Trust PIERS (representing 96.7% of the total liquidation amount of the Old Trust PIERS outstanding) for an equal amount of the New Trust PIERS, plus an exchange fee of $0.125 per $50 stated liquidation amount of Old Trust PIERS. Each New Trust PIERS represents an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the New Trust, which assets consist solely of a corresponding amount of Series B 4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures (the “New 4.00% Debentures”) issued by the Company with a stated maturity of June 15, 2033. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the securities of the New Trust. Subsequent to the completion of the exchange offering and at period end, the Company has $333,766,950 of New 4.00% Debentures outstanding.
The terms of the New Trust PIERS are substantially identical to the terms of the Old Trust PIERS, except that the New Trust PIERS are convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of Company common stock, whereas the outstanding Old Trust PIERS are convertible only into Company common stock (except for cash in lieu of fractional shares).
The purpose of the exchange offer was to change the conversion settlement provisions of the Old Trust PIERS. By committing to pay up to the stated liquidation amount of the New Trust PIERS to be converted in cash upon conversion, the Company is able to account for the New Trust PIERS under the treasury stock method.
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the aforementioned contingent threshold had not been met and, accordingly, the Old 4.00% Debentures and the New 4.00% Debentures have been classified as long-term debt on the December 31, 2009 and 2008 Consolidated Balance Sheets.
In connection with the issuance of the Old 4.00% Debentures and the New 4.00% Debentures, the Company has deferred $6.1 million in debt issuance costs, of which approximately $0.2 million was amortized to expense in each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
3.25% Convertible Senior Debentures
On December 15, 2005, Omnicare completed its offering of $977.5 million aggregate principal amount of 3.25% convertible senior debentures due 2035, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional debentures. The 3.25% Convertible Debentures have an initial conversion price of approximately $79.73 per share under a contingent conversion feature whereby the holders may convert their 3.25% Convertible Debentures, prior to December 15, 2033, on any date during any fiscal quarter beginning after March 31, 2006 (and only during such fiscal quarter) if the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock was more than 130% of the then current conversion price for at least 20 trading days in the period of the 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the previous fiscal quarter or during any five consecutive trading days period if, during each of the previous five consecutive trading days, the trading price of the convertible debentures for each day was less than 98 percent of the then current conversion price. The 3.25% Convertible Debentures bear interest at a rate of 3.25% per year, subject to an upward adjustment on and after December 15, 2015 in certain circumstances, up to a rate not to exceed 1.99 times the original 3.25 percent interest rate per year. The 3.25% Convertible Debentures also will pay contingent interest in cash, beginning with the six-month interest period commencing December 15, 2015, during any six-month period in which the trading price of the 3.25% Convertible Debentures for each of the five trading days ending on the second trading day immediately preceding the first day of the applicable six-month interest period equals or exceeds 120% of the principal amount of the 3.25% Convertible Debentures. Embedded in the 3.25% Convertible Debentures are three derivative instruments, specifically, a contingent interest provision, an interest reset provision and a contingent conversion parity provision. The embedded derivatives are valued periodically, and at period end, the values of the derivatives embedded in the 3.25% Convertible Debentures were not material. However, the values are subject to change, based on market conditions, which could affect the Company’s future results of operations, financial position or cash flows. In connection with the issuance of the 3.25% Convertible Debentures, the Company has deferred approximately $17.6 million in debt issuance costs, of which approximately $2 million was amortized to expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Favorably impacting operating cash flow was the excess of tax deductible interest expense over book interest expense related to the Company's 4% Junior Subordinated Convertible Debentures and 3.25% Convertible Senior Debentures. This resulted in an increase in the Company’s deferred tax liabilities during the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 of $28.5 million and $26.3 million, respectively ($117.3 million cumulative as of December 31, 2009). The recorded deferred tax liability could , under certain circumstances, be realized in the future upon conversion or redemption which would serve to reduce operating cash flows.
Effective January 1, 2009, the Company retrospectively adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) (see additional information at the “Change in Method of Accounting for Convertible Debt” note). Among other items, this guidance specifies that issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that reflects the entity’s calculated nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when the debt was issued. The adoption of this authoritative guidance impacts the New 4.00% Debentures and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures. The effect of this accounting change on the carrying amounts of the Company’s debt and equity balances are as follows (in thousands):
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Carrying value of equity component | | $ | 441,318 | | | $ | 441,318 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Principal amount of convertible debt | | $ | 1,322,500 | | | $ | 1,322,500 | |
Unamortized debt discount | | | (350,309 | ) | | | (378,286 | ) |
Net carrying value of convertible debt | | $ | 972,191 | | | $ | 944,214 | |
As of December 31, 2009, the remaining amortization period for the debt discount was approximately 23.5 and 6 years for the New 4.00% Debentures and 3.25% Convertible Debentures, respectively.
The effective interest rates for the liability components of the New 4.00% Debentures and the 3.25% Convertible Debentures were 8.01% and 7.625%, respectively. The impact of this accounting change was an increase in pretax interest expense of approximately $28 million, $26 million and $24 million ($17 million, $16 million and $15 million aftertax) for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Note 12 – Stock-Based Compensation
At December 31, 2009, the Company had four stock-based employee compensation plans under which incentive awards were outstanding, which are described more fully below.
Omnicare believes that the incentive awards issued under these plans serve to better align the interests of its employees with those of its stockholders.
Stock-Based Compensation Plans
During 2004, stockholders of the Company approved the 2004 Stock and Incentive Plan, under which the Company is authorized to grant equity-based and other incentive compensation to employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors of the Company in an amount aggregating up to 10.0 million shares of Company common stock. Beginning May 18, 2004, stock-based incentive awards are made only from the 2004 Stock and Incentive Plan.
During 1998, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the 1998 Long-Term Employee Incentive Plan (the “1998 Plan”), under which the Company was authorized to grant stock-based incentives to a broad base of employees (excluding executive officers and directors of the Company) in an amount initially aggregating up to 1.0 million shares of Company common stock for non-qualified options, stock awards and stock appreciation rights. In March 2000 and November 2002, the Company’s Board of Directors amended the 1998 Plan to increase the shares available for granting to 3.5 million and 6.3 million, respectively.
During 1995, the Company’s Board of Directors and stockholders approved the 1995 Premium-Priced Stock Option Plan, providing options to purchase 2.5 million shares of Company common stock available for grant at an exercise price of 125% of the stock’s fair market value at the date of grant.
Under the 1992 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, the Company granted stock awards and stock options at not less than fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.
The Company also had a Director Stock Plan, which allowed for stock options and stock awards to be granted to certain non-employee directors. As of May 18, 2004, this plan was terminated. Consequentially, awards are no longer made from this plan.
Under these plans, stock options vest and become exercisable at varying points in time, ranging up to four years in length, and have terms that generally span ten years from the grant date. Stock option awards are granted with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of Company stock upon grant. Omnicare’s normal practice is to issue new shares upon stock option exercise. Certain stock option and share awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control, as defined in the plans.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In November 1999, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Omnicare StockPlus Program, a non-compensatory employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”). Under the ESPP, employees and non-employee directors of the Company who elect to participate may contribute up to 6% of eligible compensation (or an amount not to exceed $20,000 for non-employee directors) to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. For each share of stock purchased, the participant also receives two options to purchase additional shares of the Company’s stock. The stock options are subject to a four-year vesting period and are generally subject to forfeiture in the event the related shares purchased are not held by the participant for a minimum of two years. The stock options have a ten-year life from the date of issuance. Amounts contributed to the ESPP are used by the plan administrator to purchase the Company’s stock on the open market or for shares issued by Omnicare.
Stock Awards
Non-vested stock awards are granted to key employees at the discretion of the Compensation and Incentive Committee of the Board of Directors. These awards are restricted as to the transfer of ownership and generally vest over the requisite service periods, typically a seven-year period (with a greater proportion vesting in the latter years), or three to ten-year periods (vesting on a straight-line basis). Unrestricted stock awards are granted annually to all members of the Board of Directors, and non-employee directors also receive non-vested stock awards that generally vest on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The fair value of a stock award is equal to the fair market value of a share of Company stock on the grant date.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company currently uses the Black-Scholes options pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options on the grant date, which is affected by Omnicare’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, as further discussed below. These variables include Omnicare’s expected stock price volatility over the expected term of the awards, actual and projected employee exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and the stock’s dividend yield.
The expected term of stock options granted represents the period of time that the stock options are expected to be outstanding and is estimated based primarily on historical stock option exercise experience. The expected volatility is based primarily on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock over a period generally commensurate with the expected term of the stock options. The risk-free interest rate used in the option valuation model is based on United States Treasury Strip (“stripped coupon interest”) issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term of the stock options. The expected dividend yield is based on the current Omnicare stock yield. The Company is required to estimate forfeitures at the time of the grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods as necessary to reflect any changes in actual forfeiture experience. Omnicare uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting stock option forfeitures and records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. All stock option awards are amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting period.
The assumptions used to value stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Expected volatility | | | 35 | % | | | 35 | % | | | 30 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 2.2 | % | | | 2.2 | % | | | 3.5 | % |
Expected dividend yield | | | 0.4 | % | | | 0.4 | % | | | 0.2 | % |
Expected term of options (in years) | | | 4.8 | | | | 4.7 | | | | 4.7 | |
Weighted average fair value per option | | $ | 8.16 | | | $ | 7.56 | | | $ | 10.93 | |
Prior to the adoption of the authoritative guidance for share-based payments, the Company recognized the estimated compensation cost of restricted stock awards over the vesting term in accordance with the vesting schedule. Unrestricted stock awards were expensed during the period granted. The estimated compensation cost was based on the fair market value of Omnicare’s common stock on the date of the grant. The Company recognizes the compensation cost of restricted stock awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting period, with the amount of stock award compensation cost recognized as of any balance sheet date being at least equal to the portion of the grant-date value of the award that is vested at that date. Further, unrestricted stock awards are expensed during the year granted.
The company recorded charges relating to the prior implementation of the authoritative guidance for share-based payments, which primarily relate to stock option expense, of approximately $5.6 million, $5.1 million and $6.9 million pretax ($3.5 million, $3.1 million and $4.3 million aftertax) for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Total pretax stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income as part of S,G&A expense for stock options and stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2009 is approximately $5.3 million and $19.3 million, approximately $5.0 million and $22.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, and approximately $4.1 million and $19.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, respectively.
As of December 31, 2009, there was approximately $68 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock awards and stock options granted to Omnicare employees, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of approximately 5.8 years. The total grant date fair value of shares vested during the year ended December 31, 2009 related to stock awards and stock options was approximately $20.1 million and $4.3 million, respectively.
General Stock Option Information
A summary of stock option activity under the plans for the year ended December 31, 2009, is presented below (in thousands, except exercise price data):
| | 2009 | |
| | Shares | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |
Options outstanding, beginning of year | | | 7,348 | | | $ | 30.19 | |
Options granted | | | 167 | | | | 24.74 | |
Options exercised | | | (1,079 | ) | | | 15.57 | |
Options forfeited | | | (113 | ) | | | 33.36 | |
Options outstanding, end of year | | | 6,323 | | | | 32.50 | |
Options exercisable, end of year | | | 5,234 | | | $ | 33.27 | |
The total exercise date intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $10.4 million, $3.6 million and $1.3 million, respectively.
The following summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands, except exercise price and remaining life data):
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING | | | OPTIONS EXERCISABLE | |
Range of Exercise Prices | | | Number Outstanding at December 31, 2009 | | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | | | Number Exercisable at December 31, 2009 | | | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price | |
$ | 7.72 - $15.45 | | | | 8 | | | | 0.60 | | | $ | 10.59 | | | | 8 | | | | 0.60 | | | $ | 10.59 | |
| 15.46 - 23.17 | | | | 1,095 | | | | 2.06 | | | | 19.00 | | | | 985 | | | | 1.31 | | | | 18.69 | |
| 23.18 - 30.90 | | | | 2,828 | | | | 4.99 | | | | 26.40 | | | | 2,154 | | | | 3.87 | | | | 26.99 | |
| 30.91 - 38.61 | | | | 105 | | | | 6.24 | | | | 35.13 | | | | 39 | | | | 4.43 | | | | 34.91 | |
| 38.62 - 61.79 | | | | 2,287 | | | | 5.66 | | | | 46.48 | | | | 2,048 | | | | 5.52 | | | | 46.95 | |
$ | 7.72 - $61.79 | | | | 6,323 | | | | 4.74 | | | $ | 32.50 | | | | 5,234 | | | | 4.03 | | | $ | 33.27 | |
General Restricted Stock Award Information
A summary of nonvested restricted stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2009, is presented below (in thousands, except fair value data):
| | 2009 | |
| | Shares | | | Weighted Average Grant Date Price | |
Nonvested shares, beginning of year | | | 2,167 | | | $ | 34.23 | |
Shares awarded | | | 1,159 | | | | 23.76 | |
Shares vested | | | (594 | ) | | | 33.85 | |
Shares forfeited | | | (137 | ) | | | 36.56 | |
Nonvested shares, end of year | | | 2,595 | | | $ | 29.52 | |
Note 13 – Employee Benefit Plans
The Company has various defined contribution savings plans under which eligible employees can participate by contributing a portion of their salary for investment, at the direction of each employee, in one or more investment funds. Several of the plans were adopted in connection with certain of the Company’s acquisitions. The plans are primarily tax-deferred arrangements pursuant to Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 401(k) and are subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”). The Company matches employee contributions in varying degrees (either in shares of the Company’s common stock or cash, in accordance with the applicable plan provisions) based on the contribution levels of the employees, as specified in the respective plan documents. Expense relating primarily to the Company’s matching contributions for these defined contribution plans for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $6.9 million, $6.8 million and $6.6 million, respectively.
The Company has a non-contributory, defined benefit pension plan covering certain corporate headquarters employees and the employees of several companies sold by the Company in 1992, for which benefits ceased accruing upon the sale (the “Qualified Plan”). Benefits accruing under this plan to corporate headquarters employees were fully vested and frozen as of January 1, 1994.
The Company also has an excess benefit plan (“EBP”) that provides retirement payments to certain headquarters employees in amounts generally consistent with what they would have received under the Qualified Plan. The retirement benefits provided by the EBP are generally comparable to those that would have been earned in the Qualified Plan, if payments under the Qualified Plan were not limited by the IRC.
In addition, the Company had a supplemental pension plan (“SPP”) in which certain of its officers participated. Retirement benefits under the SPP were calculated on the basis of a specified percentage of the officers’ covered compensation, years of credited service and a vesting schedule, as specified in the plan document. All benefits under the SPP became fully vested and accrued as of January 1, 2008. In February of 2008, all participants received a lump sum payment, totaling approximately $7.3 million, of all their fully accrued benefits under the SPP.
The Qualified Plan is funded with an irrevocable trust, which consists of assets held in the Vanguard Intermediate Term Treasury Fund Admiral Shares fund (“Vanguard Fund”), a mutual fund holding U.S. Treasury obligations. In addition, the Company has established rabbi trusts, which are also held in the Vanguard Fund, to provide for retirement obligations under the EBP. The Company’s general approach is to fund its pension obligations in accordance with the funding provisions of ERISA.
Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Other Amounts | | | | | | | | | |
Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Pre-tax) | | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands): | | For the years ended December 31, | |
|
Net Periodic Pension Cost (Pre-tax): | | | 2009 | | | | 2008 | | | | 2007 | |
Service cost | | $ | 1,499 | | | $ | 5,121 | | | $ | 4,348 | |
Interest cost | | | 5,997 | | | | 9,542 | | | | 8,204 | |
Amortization of deferred amounts | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(primarily prior actuarial losses) | | | 1,000 | | | | 14,694 | | | | 11,607 | |
Return on assets | | | (242 | ) | | | (483 | ) | | | (189 | ) |
Net periodic pension cost | | | 8,254 | | | | 28,874 | | | | 23,970 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Pre-tax): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss (gain) | | | 40,342 | | | | (71,435 | ) | | | 17,002 | |
Amortization of net (loss) | | | (1,000 | ) | | | (14,680 | ) | | | (11,583 | ) |
Amortization of prior service cost | | | - | | | | (14 | ) | | | (24 | ) |
Total loss (gain) recognized in other comprehensive income | | | 39,342 | | | | (86,129 | ) | | | 5,395 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total loss (gain) recognized in net periodic pension | | | | | | | | | | | | |
cost and other comprehensive income | | $ | 47,596 | | | $ | (57,255 | ) | | $ | 29,365 | |
The estimated amount of net loss in accumulated other comprehensive income expected to be recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost during the 2010 year is approximately $7.9 million.
The actuarial assumptions used to calculate net periodic pension costs for years ended December 31 were as follows:
| 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
Discount rate | 5.6% | | 5.8% | | 5.8% |
Rate of increase in compensation levels | 10.0% | | 25.0% | | 23.0% |
Expected rate of return on assets | 6.0% | | 6.0% | | 6.0% |
The actuarial assumptions used to calculate the benefit obligations at the end of plan year were as follows:
| 2009 | | 2008 | | 2007 |
Discount rate | 3.8% | | 5.6% | | 5.8% |
Rate of increase in compensation levels | 15.0% | | 10.0% | | 25.0% |
Expected rate of return on assets | 6.0% | | 6.0% | | 6.0% |
The discount rate assumption was determined giving consideration primarily to the Citigroup Pension Liability Index, and consultation with the Company’s outside employee benefit plan actuary professionals. It should be noted that the actuarial calculation is highly dependent upon the stock price on the date(s) of stock award vesting and, accordingly, can fluctuate significantly with changes in Omnicare’s stock price. The expected rate of return on assets was estimated based primarily on the historical rate of return on intermediate-term U.S. Government securities. Also impacting the benefit obligation was a reduction in the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (“PBGC”) interest rate in 2009 in comparison to the prior year. The PBGC rate is used to discount the expected annual retirement benefit back to the retirement date to calculate the lump sum value of the retirement benefit.
Obligations and Funded Status | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands): | | | | | | | | |
| | For the years ended December 31, | | |
Change in Plan Assets: | | 2009 | | | | 2008 | | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of prior year | | $ | 4,029 | | | | $ | 3,561 | | |
Actual return on plan assets | | | (68 | ) | | | | 483 | | |
Employer contributions | | | 60 | | | | | 7,432 | | |
Benefits paid (including SPP plan settlements) | | | (104 | ) | | | | (7,447 | ) | |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | | $ | 3,917 | | (1) | | $ | 4,029 | | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Change in Projected Benefit Obligation: | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligation at end of prior year | | $ | 109,696 | | | | $ | 173,915 | | |
Service cost | | | 1,499 | | | | | 5,121 | | |
Interest cost | | | 5,997 | | | | | 9,542 | | |
Actuarial loss/(gain) | | | 40,032 | | | | | (71,435 | ) | |
Benefits paid (including SPP plan settlements) | | | (104 | ) | | | | (7,447 | ) | |
Projected benefit obligation at end of year | | $ | 157,120 | | | | $ | 109,696 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Funded Status: | | | | | | | | | | |
Projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets | | $ | (153,203 | ) | (1) | | $ | (105,667 | ) | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at end of year | | $ | 127,264 | | | | $ | 107,335 | | |
(1) | In addition to the irrevocable trust assets presented at fair value based on the quoted market prices of the investments held by the trustee in the table above, the Company has invested additional funds for settlement of the Company’s pension obligations in rabbi trusts, which totaled $133.0 million and $134.6 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Since rabbi trust assets do not serve to offset the Company’s pension obligation for accounting purposes per U.S. GAAP, the funded status above has been reflected as the difference between the projected benefit obligation for all plans and the irrevocable trust plan assets of the Qualified Plan. |
The Company’s investment strategy generally targets investing in intermediate U.S. government and agency securities funds, seeking a moderate and sustainable level of current income by investing primarily in intermediate-term U.S. Treasury obligations with a low credit default risk.
Amounts Recognized in the Consolidated Balance | | | | | | |
Sheets Consist of (in thousands): | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Current liabilities | | $ | 17,252 | | | $ | 5,173 | |
Noncurrent liabilities | | | 135,951 | | | | 100,494 | |
Total | | $ | 153,203 | | | $ | 105,667 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive Income (Pretax) Consist of: | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | 55,530 | | | $ | 16,188 | |
Prior service cost | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | | $ | 55,530 | | | $ | 16,188 | |
Information for Pension Plans with an Accumulated | | | | | | |
Benefit Obligation in excess of Plan Assets | | | | | | |
(in thousands): | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, | |
| | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Qualified Plan: | | | | | | |
| Projected benefit obligation | | $ | 6,242 | | | $ | 4,619 | |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | | | 6,242 | | | | 4,619 | |
| Fair value of plan assets (1) | | | 3,917 | | | | 4,029 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
EBP Plan: | | | | | | | | |
| Projected benefit obligation | | | 150,878 | | | | 105,077 | |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | | | 121,022 | | | | 102,716 | |
| Fair value of plan assets (1) | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Grand Totals: | | | | | | | | |
| Projected benefit obligation | | | 157,120 | | | | 109,696 | |
| Accumulated benefit obligation | | | 127,264 | | | | 107,335 | |
| Fair value of plan assets (1) | | | 3,917 | | | | 4,029 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
(1) | See "Obligations and Funded Status" table of this note for further discussion. | | | | | |
The estimated aggregate contributions to the rabbi trusts expected to be funded during the year ended December 31, 2010, relating to the Company’s pension obligations and based on the actuarial assumptions in place at year end 2009, are anticipated to be approximately $3 million. Additionally, no funding is anticipated to be necessary relating to the Qualified Plan.
Projected benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, for each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter as of December 31, 2009 are estimated as follows (in thousands):
2010 | | $ | 17,380 | |
2011 | | | 106,559 | |
2012 | | | 4,248 | |
2013 | | | 3,398 | |
2014 | | | 4,302 | |
Years 2015 - 2019 | | | 25,060 | |
The Company also has a Long-Term Care Insurance Policy that provides post retirement health care benefits for certain headquarters employees. The plan expense for each of the three years ended December 31, 2009 was not significant, and the related liability as of December 31, 2009 is $0.6 million. Further, the adjustment to other accumulated comprehensive income as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, was immaterial.
Note 14 – Income Taxes
Provision
The provision for income taxes from continuing operations is comprised of the following (in thousands):
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Current provision | | $ | 5,795 | | | $ | 39,984 | | | $ | 32,568 | |
Deferred provision | | | 91,728 | | | | 57,286 | | | | 32,555 | |
Total income tax provision from continuing operations | | $ | 97,523 | | | $ | 97,270 | | | $ | 65,123 | |
Tax benefits related to the exercise of stock options and stock awards have been credited (debited) to paid-in capital in amounts of $1.8 million, $(1.2) million and $3.3 million for 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Effective Income Tax Rate
The difference between the Company’s reported income tax expense from continuing operations and the federal income tax expense from continuing operations computed at the statutory rate of 35% is explained in the following table (in thousands):
| For the years ended December 31, | |
| 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Federal income tax at the statutory rate | $ | 116,319 | | | | 35.0 | % | | $ | 84,628 | | | | 35.0 | % | | $ | 58,487 | | | | 35.0 | % |
State, local and foreign income taxes, net | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of federal income tax benefit | | 10,591 | | | | 3.2 | | | | 5,221 | | | | 2.1 | | | | 3,728 | | | | 2.2 | |
Reduction for tax positions settled, net of federal income tax benefit | | (38,071 | ) | | | (11.5 | ) | | | (558 | ) | | | (0.2 | ) | | | (95 | ) | | | - | |
Other, net (including tax accrual | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
adjustments) | | 8,684 | | | | 2.6 | | | | 7,979 | | | | 3.3 | | | | 3,003 | | | | 1.8 | |
Total income tax provision from continuing operations | $ | 97,523 | | | | 29.3 | % | | $ | 97,270 | | | | 40.2 | % | | $ | 65,123 | | | | 39.0 | % |
Income tax payments, net, amounted to $60.9 million, $13.6 million and $30.1 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.
Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
| | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Accounts receivable reserves | | $ | 113,040 | | | $ | 99,513 | |
Net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards | | | 86,125 | | | | 91,080 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 72,039 | | | | 111,292 | |
Pension obligations | | | 60,035 | | | | 39,176 | |
Other | | | 13,963 | | | | 11,923 | |
Gross deferred tax assets, before valuation allowances | | | 345,202 | | | | 352,984 | |
Valuation allowances | | | (20,285 | ) | | | (23,337 | ) |
Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances | | $ | 324,917 | | | $ | 329,647 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Amortization of intangibles | | $ | 486,785 | | | $ | 442,321 | |
Contingent convertible debentures interest | | | 248,480 | | | | 227,005 | |
Fixed assets and depreciation methods | | | 29,197 | | | | 26,841 | |
Subsidiary stock basis | | | 12,259 | | | | 10,648 | |
Current and noncurrent assets | | | 5,043 | | | | 8,470 | |
Other | | | 1,200 | | | | 5,539 | |
Gross deferred tax liabilities | | $ | 782,964 | | | $ | 720,824 | |
As of December 31, 2009, the Company has remaining deferred tax benefits related to its federal, state and foreign net operating losses totaling approximately $86 million ($38 million federal, $47 million state and $1 million foreign). These NOLs will expire, in varying amounts, beginning in 2010 through 2029. The potential future tax benefits of the NOLs have been offset by $20.3 million of valuation allowance based on the Company’s analysis of the likelihood of generating sufficient taxable income in the various jurisdictions to utilize the benefits before expiration.
Uncertain Tax Positions
The authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, became effective on January 1, 2007, and provides guidance for the financial statement recognition and measurement of income tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. Under this authoritative guidance, recognition and measurement are considered discrete events. The recognition threshold is met when it is determined a tax position, based solely on its technical merits, is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authority. If a tax position does not meet the more likely than not recognition threshold, the benefit of that position is not recognized in the financial statements. A tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to be recognized in the financial statements.
At January 1, 2009, the Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $67.5 million and ended the year with the gross unrecognized tax benefits of $28.6 million. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefit is as follows:
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year | | $ | 67,471 | | | $ | 78,199 | | | $ | 77,151 | |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | | | 984 | | | | 3,108 | | | | 5,700 | |
Additions for tax positions of prior years | | | 1,251 | | | | 5,159 | | | | 888 | |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years | | | (2,414 | ) | | | (11,906 | ) | | | (1,543 | ) |
Settlement reductions | | | (2,042 | ) | | | (1,517 | ) | | | (2,257 | ) |
Reductions for tax positions settled through the expirations of the statute of limitations | | | (36,628 | ) | | | (5,572 | ) | | | (1,740 | ) |
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year | | $ | 28,622 | | | $ | 67,471 | | | $ | 78,199 | |
Included in the balance at December 31, 2009 are $21.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits, net of federal tax benefit, that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. The liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits are carried in “Other noncurrent liabilities” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets because payment of cash is not anticipated within one year of the balance sheet date for any significant amounts. However, it is reasonably possible that $10.2 million, net of federal tax benefit, of unrecognized federal and state tax benefits will reverse within one year of the balance sheet date due to the expiration of statutes of limitations. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expenses. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company recognized approximately $4.9 million in interest, net of federal tax benefit, and penalties. The Company had approximately $5.7 million for the payment of interest and penalties accrued at December 31, 2009.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal examinations by tax authorities for years before 2006, and state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations, by tax authorities for years before 2005.
Note 15 – Earnings Per Share Data
Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share include the dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and restricted stock awards, as well as convertible debentures.
The following is a reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) computations for both the numerator and denominator (in thousands, except per share data):
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | Income | | | Common Shares | | | Per Common | |
2009: | | (Numerator) | | | (Denominator) | | | Share Amounts | |
Basic EPS | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 234,816 | | | | | | $ | 2.01 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (22,893 | ) | | | | | | (0.20 | ) |
Net income | | | 211,923 | | | | 117,094 | | | $ | 1.81 | |
Effect of Dilutive Securities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures | | | 284 | | | | 275 | | | | | |
Stock options, warrants and awards | | | - | | | | 408 | | | | | |
Diluted EPS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations plus assumed conversions | | | 235,100 | | | | | | | $ | 2.00 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (22,893 | ) | | | | | | | (0.19 | ) |
Net income plus assumed conversions | | $ | 212,207 | | | | 117,777 | | | $ | 1.80 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic EPS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 144,526 | | | | | | | $ | 1.23 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (4,053 | ) | | | | | | | (0.03 | ) |
Net income | | | 140,473 | | | | 117,466 | | | $ | 1.20 | |
Effect of Dilutive Securities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures | | | 279 | | | | 275 | | | | | |
Stock options, warrants and awards | | | - | | | | 572 | | | | | |
Diluted EPS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations plus assumed conversions | | | 144,805 | | | | | | | $ | 1.22 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (4,053 | ) | | | | | | | (0.03 | ) |
Net income plus assumed conversions | | $ | 140,752 | | | | 118,313 | | | $ | 1.19 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic EPS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations | | $ | 101,984 | | | | | | | $ | 0.85 | |
Income from discontinued operations | | | (2,379 | ) | | | | | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income | | | 99,605 | | | | 119,380 | | | $ | 0.83 | |
Effect of Dilutive Securities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
4.00% junior subordinated convertible debentures | | | 284 | | | | 295 | | | | | |
Stock options, warrants and awards | | | - | | | | 1,583 | | | | | |
Diluted EPS | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations plus assumed conversions | | | 102,268 | | | | | | | $ | 0.84 | |
Income from discontinued operations | | | (2,379 | ) | | | | | | | (0.02 | ) |
Net income plus assumed conversions | | $ | 99,889 | | | | 121,258 | | | $ | 0.82 | |
During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, the anti-dilutive effect associated with certain stock options, warrants and stock awards was excluded from the computation of diluted EPS, since the exercise price was greater than the average market price of the Company’s common stock during these periods. The aggregate number of stock options, warrants and stock awards excluded from the computation of the diluted EPS for those years totaled approximately 6.2 million, 6.5 million and 4.3 million, respectively.
Note 16 – Restructuring and Other Related Charges
Omnicare Full Potential Program
In 2006, the Company commenced the implementation of the “Omnicare Full Potential” Plan, a major initiative primarily designed to re-engineer the Company’s pharmacy operating model to increase efficiency and enhance customer growth. The Omnicare Full Potential Plan is expected to optimize resources across the entire organization by implementing best practices, including the realignment and right-sizing of functions, and a “hub-and-spoke” model, whereby certain key administrative and production functions will be transferred to regional support centers (“hubs”) specifically designed and managed to perform these tasks, with local pharmacies (“spokes”) focusing on time-sensitive services and customer-facing processes. Additionally, in connection with this productivity enhancement initiative, the Company is also right-sizing and consolidating certain CRO operations.
This program is expected to be completed over a multi-year period and is estimated to result in total pretax restructuring and other related charges of approximately $120 million. As presented in further detail below, the Company recorded restructuring and other related charges for the Omnicare Full Potential Program of approximately $29 million, $36 million and $29 million pretax during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively (approximately $18 million, $22 million and $18 million aftertax, respectively), or cumulative aggregate restructuring and other related charges of approximately $112 million before taxes through 2009. The remainder of the overall restructuring and other related charges will be recognized and disclosed prospectively, as the remaining portions of the project are finalized and implemented. The Company eliminated approximately 1,200 positions in completing its initial phase of the program. The remainder of the program is currently estimated to result in a net reduction of approximately 1,200 positions (1,900 positions eliminated, net of 700 new positions filled in different geographic locations as well as to perform new functions required by the hub-and-spoke model of operations), of which approximately 1,170 positions had been eliminated as of December 31, 2009. The foregoing reductions do not include additional savings expected from lower levels of overtime and reduced temporary labor. The Company currently estimates reductions in overtime, excess hours and temporary help, as well as productivity gains, to equal an additional 820 full-time equivalents. In addition, in July 2009, the Company implemented a temporary payroll containment and reduction program across the organization designed to facilitate the achievement of the productivity and efficiency goals associated with the Full Potential Plan.
The restructuring charges primarily include severance pay, the buy-out of employment agreements, lease terminations, and other exit-related asset disposals, professional fees and facility exit costs. The other related charges are primarily comprised of professional fees. Details of the Omnicare Full Potential Plan restructuring and other related charges follow (pretax, in thousands):
| | Balance at | | | 2007 | | | Utilized | | | Balance at | | | 2008 | |
| | December 31, | | | Provision/ | | | during | | | December 31, | | | Provision/ | |
| | 2006 | | | Accrual | | | 2007 | | | 2007 | | | Accrual | |
Restructuring charges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Employee severance | | $ | 2,690 | | | $ | 2,300 | | | $ | (4,955 | ) | | $ | 35 | | | $ | 4,578 | |
Employment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
agreement buy-outs | | | - | | | | 2,546 | | | | (1,347 | ) | | | 1,199 | | | | 337 | |
Lease terminations | | | 74 | | | | 5,389 | | | | (2,335 | ) | | | 3,128 | | | | 9,513 | |
Other assets, fees and facility | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
exit costs | | | 1,169 | | | | 8,992 | | | | (8,303 | ) | | | 1,858 | | | | 15,897 | |
Total restructuring | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | $ | 3,933 | | | | 19,227 | | | $ | (16,940 | ) | | $ | 6,220 | | | | 30,325 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other related charges | | | | | | | 10,235 | | | | | | | | | | | | 5,459 | |
Total restructuring and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
other related charges | | | | | | $ | 29,462 | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 35,784 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Utilized | | | Balance at | | | | 2009 | | | Utilized | | | Balance at | |
| | during | | | December 31, | | | Provision/ | | | during | | | December 31, | |
| | | 2008 | | | | 2008 | | | Accrual | | | | 2009 | | | | 2009 | |
Restructuring charges: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Employee severance | | $ | (4,613 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | 12,524 | | | $ | (8,681 | ) | | $ | 3,843 | |
Employment | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
agreement buy-outs | | | (1,501 | ) | | | 35 | | | | 135 | | | | (170 | ) | | | - | |
Lease terminations | | | (3,756 | ) | | | 8,885 | | | | 5,437 | | | | (5,319 | ) | | | 9,003 | |
Other assets, fees and facility | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
exit costs | | | (15,361 | ) | | | 2,394 | | | | 5,492 | | | | (7,427 | ) | | | 459 | |
Total restructuring | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | $ | (25,231 | ) | | $ | 11,314 | | | | 23,588 | | | $ | (21,597 | ) | | $ | 13,305 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other related charges | | | | | | | | | | | 5,567 | | | | | | | | | |
Total restructuring and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
other related charges | | | | | | | | | | $ | 29,155 | | | | | | | | | |
As of December 31, 2009, the Company has made cumulative payments of approximately $25 million of severance and other employee-related costs for the Omnicare Full Potential Plan. The remaining liabilities at December 31, 2009 represent amounts not yet paid relating to actions taken in connection with the program (primarily lease payments and professional fees) and will be settled as these matters are finalized. The provision/accrual and corresponding payment amounts relating to employee severance are being accounted for primarily in accordance with the authoritative guidance for employers’ accounting for postemployment benefits; and the provision/accrual and corresponding payment amounts relating to employment agreement buy-outs are being accounted for primarily in accordance with the authoritative guidance regarding accounting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities.
2005 Program
As of December 31, 2009, the Company has substantially completed the finalization of its previously disclosed consolidation plans and other productivity initiatives to streamline pharmacy services (related, in part, to the NeighborCare acquisition) and contract research organization operations, including maximizing workforce and operating asset utilization, and producing a more cost-efficient, operating infrastructure (the “2005 Program”). The remaining liabilities of $1.8 million at December 31, 2009 are not significant and represent amounts not yet paid relating to actions taken in connection with the program (primarily lease payments) and will be settled as these matters are finalized.
Note 17 – Commitments and Contingencies
Omnicare continuously evaluates contingencies based upon the best available information. The Company believes that liabilities have been recorded to the extent necessary in cases where the outcome is considered probable and reasonably estimable. To the extent that resolution of contingencies results in amounts that vary from the Company’s recorded liabilities, future earnings will be charged or credited accordingly.
On January 8, 2010, a qui tam complaint, entitled United States ex rel. Resnick and Nehls v. Omnicare, Inc., Morris Esformes, Phillip Esformes and Lancaster Ltd. d/b/a Lancaster Health Group, No. 1:07cv5777, that was filed under seal with the U.S. District Court in Chicago, Illinois was unsealed by the court. The U.S. Department of Justice and the State of Illinois have notified the court that they have declined to intervene in this action. The complaint was brought by Adam Resnick and Maureen Nehls as private party “qui tam relators” on behalf of the federal government and two state governments. The action alleges civil violations of the False Claims Act and certain state statutes based on allegations that Omnicare acquired certain institutional pharmacies at above-market rates in violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute and applicable state statutes. The Company has not been served with the complaint in this action. The Company believes that the allegations are without merit and intends to vigorously defend itself in this action if pursued.
As previously disclosed, the U. S. Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts had been investigating allegations under the False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. (§) 3729, et seq. and various state false claims statutes in five qui tam complaints (Maguire, Kammerer, Lisitza and two sealed complaints) concerning the Company’s relationships with certain manufacturers and distributors of pharmaceutical products and certain customers, as well as with respect to contracts with certain companies acquired by the Company.
The complaints in these cases, which have been dismissed with prejudice by the relators pursuant to the settlement described below (including the two sealed complaints, which have now been unsealed as part of the settlement), alleged that the Company violated the False Claims Act when it submitted claims for name brand drugs when actually providing generic versions of the same drug to nursing homes; provided consultant pharmacist services to its customers at below-market rates to induce the referral of pharmaceutical business; accepted discounts from drug manufacturers in return for recommending that certain pharmaceuticals be prescribed to nursing home residents; accepted rebates, post-purchase discounts, grants and other forms of remuneration from drug manufacturers in return for purchasing
pharmaceuticals from those manufacturers and taking steps to increase the purchase of those manufacturers’ drugs; made false statements and omissions to physicians in connection with its recommendations of those pharmaceuticals; substituted certain pharmaceuticals without physician authorization accepted payments from certain generic drug manufacturers in return for entering into purchase arrangements with them; acquired certain institutional pharmacies at above-market rates to obtain contracts between those pharmacies and nursing homes; and made a payment to certain nursing home chains in return for the referral of pharmaceutical business.
On November 2, 2009, the Company entered into a civil settlement agreement, without any finding of wrongdoing or any admission of liability, finalizing a previously disclosed agreement in principle, under which the Company has agreed to pay the federal government and participating state governments $98 million plus interest from June 24, 2009 (the date of the agreement in principle referenced above) and related expenses to settle various alleged civil violations of federal and state laws. The settlement agreements release the Company from claims that the Company allegedly violated various federal and state laws due to the Company having allegedly made a payment to certain nursing home chains in return for the referral of pharmaceutical business; allegedly provided consultant pharmacist services to its customers at rates below the Company's cost of providing the services and below fair market value to induce the referral of pharmaceutical business; allegedly accepted a payment from a generic drug manufacturer allegedly in exchange for purchasing that manufacturer’s products and recommending that physicians prescribe such products to nursing home patients; and allegedly accepted rebates, grants and other forms of remuneration from a drug manufacturer to induce the Company to recommend that physicians prescribe one of the manufacturer’s drugs, and the rebate agreements conditioned payment of the rebates upon the Company engaging in an “active intervention program” to convince physicians to prescribe the drug and requiring that all competitive products be prior authorized for the drug’s failure, where the Company failed to disclose to physicians that such intervention activities were a condition of it receiving such rebate payments.
The Company denies the contentions of the qui tam relators and the federal government as set forth in the settlement agreement and the complaints. A substantial majority of states in which the Company does business are expected to participate in this settlement. In addition, the Department of Justice has advised the Company that it has no present intention of pursuing an investigation and/or filing suit under the False Claims Act against the Company with respect to allegations in the qui tam complaints that, during 1999-2003, pharmaceutical manufacturers named as defendants in the complaints made payments to the Company in return for the Company recommending and/or purchasing such manufacturers' drugs.
Pursuant to stipulations of dismissal executed in connection with the settlement agreement, the five complaints were dismissed. As part of the settlement agreement, the Company also entered into an amended and restated corporate integrity agreement (“CIA”) with the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General with a term of five years from November 2, 2009. Pursuant to the CIA, the Company is required, among other things, to (i) create procedures designed to ensure that each existing, new or renewed arrangement with any actual or potential source of health care business or referrals to Omnicare or any actual or potential recipient of health care business or referrals from Omnicare does not violate the Anti-Kickback Statute, 42 U.S.C § 1320a-7b(b) or related regulations, directives and guidance, including creating and maintaining a database of such arrangements; (ii) retain an independent review organization to review the Company’s compliance with the terms of the CIA and report to OIG regarding that compliance; and (iii) provide training for certain Company employees as to the Company’s requirements under the CIA. The requirements of the Company’s prior
corporate integrity agreement obligating the Company to create and maintain procedures designed to ensure that all therapeutic interchange programs are developed and implemented by Omnicare consistent with the CIA and federal and state laws for obtaining prior authorization from the prescriber before making a therapeutic interchange of a drug have been incorporated into the amended and restated CIA without modification. The requirements of the CIA are expected to result in increased costs to maintain the Company’s compliance program and greater scrutiny by federal regulatory authorities. Violations of the corporate integrity agreement could subject the Company to significant monetary penalties. Consistent with the CIA, the Company is reviewing its contracts to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations. As a result of this review, pricing under certain of its consultant pharmacist services contracts will need to be increased, and there can be no assurance that such pricing will not result in the loss of certain contracts.
As previously disclosed, on November 14, 2006, the Company entered into a voluntary civil settlement of all federal and state civil claims arising from allegations relating to three generic pharmaceuticals provided by the Company in connection with the substitution of capsules for tablets (Ranitidine), tablets for capsules (Fluoxetine) and two 7.5 mg tablets for one 15 mg tablet (Buspirone). Another issue alleged by one qui tam relator remains under seal and was not resolved by the settlement. The settlement agreement did not include any finding of wrongdoing or any admission of liability. As part of the settlement agreement, on November 9, 2006, the Company entered into a Corporate Integrity Agreement with the Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Inspector General with a term of five years from November 9, 2006. This Corporate Integrity Agreement has been amended and restated as described above.
On February 2 and February 13, 2006, respectively, two substantially similar putative class action lawsuits, entitled Indiana State Dist. Council of Laborers & HOD Carriers Pension & Welfare Fund v. Omnicare, Inc., et al., No. 2:06cv26 (“HOD Carriers”), and Chi v. Omnicare, Inc., et al., No. 2:06cv31 (“Chi”), were filed against Omnicare and two of its officers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky purporting to assert claims for violation of §§10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and seeking, among other things, compensatory damages and injunctive relief. The complaints, which purported to be brought on behalf of all open-market purchasers of Omnicare common stock from August 3, 2005 through January 27, 2006, alleged that Omnicare had artificially inflated its earnings by engaging in improper generic drug substitution and that defendants had made false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and prospects. On April 3, 2006, plaintiffs in the HOD Carriers case formally moved for consolidation and the appointment of lead plaintiff and lead counsel pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. On May 22, 2006, that motion was granted, the cases were consolidated, and a lead plaintiff and lead counsel were appointed. On July 20, 2006, plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint, adding a third officer as a defendant and new factual allegations primarily relating to revenue recognition, the valuation of receivables and the valuation of inventories. On October 31, 2006, plaintiffs moved for leave to file a second amended complaint, which was granted on January 26, 2007, on the condition that no further amendments would be permitted absent extraordinary circumstances. Plaintiffs thereafter filed their second amended complaint on January 29, 2007. The second amended complaint (i) expands the putative class to include all purchasers of Omnicare common stock from August 3, 2005 through July 27, 2006, (ii) names two members of the Company’s board of directors as additional defendants, (iii) adds a new plaintiff and a new claim for
violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933 based on alleged false and misleading statements in the registration statement filed in connection with the Company’s December 2005 public offering, (iv) alleges that the Company failed to timely disclose its contractual dispute with UnitedHealth Group, Inc. and its affiliates (“United”), and (v) alleges that the Company failed to timely record certain special litigation reserves. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint on March 12, 2007, claiming that plaintiffs had failed adequately to plead loss causation, scienter or any actionable misstatement or omission. That motion was fully briefed as of May 1, 2007. In response to certain arguments relating to the individual claims of the named plaintiffs that were raised in defendants’ pending motion to dismiss, plaintiffs filed a motion to add, or in the alternative, to intervene an additional named plaintiff, Alaska Electrical Pension Fund, on July 27, 2007. On October 12, 2007, the court issued an opinion and order dismissing the case and denying plaintiffs’ motion to add an additional named plaintiff. On November 9, 2007, plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit with respect to the dismissal of their case. Oral argument was held on September 18, 2008. On October 21, 2009, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals generally affirmed the district court’s dismissal, dismissing plaintiff’s claims for violation of §§10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5, as well as affirming the denial of Alaskan Electrical Pension Fund’s motion to intervene. However, the appellate court reversed the dismissal of the claim brought for violation of Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, remanding the case to the district court for further proceedings, including application of the rule requiring plaintiffs to allege fraud with particularity to their Section 11 claim. On November 3, 2009, plaintiffs filed a motion in the Court of Appeals seeking a rehearing or a rehearing en banc with respect to a single aspect of the Court's decision, namely, whether the federal rule requiring pleading with particularity should apply to their claim under Section 11 of the Securities Act. On December 16, 2009, that petition was denied, and on January 13, 2010, that Court issued its mandate by which the Section 11 claim was remanded to the district court for further proceedings consistent with the decision and order of October 21, 2009.
On February 13, 2006, two substantially similar shareholder derivative actions, entitled Isak v. Gemunder, et al., Case No. 06-CI-390, and Fragnoli v. Hutton, et al., Case No. 06-CI-389, were filed in Kentucky State Circuit Court, Kenton Circuit, against the members of Omnicare’s board of directors, individually, purporting to assert claims for breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets and unjust enrichment arising out of the Company’s alleged violations of federal and state health care laws based upon the same purportedly improper generic drug substitution that is the subject of the federal purported class action lawsuits. The complaints seek, among other things, damages, restitution and injunctive relief. The Isak and Fragnoli actions were later consolidated by agreement of the parties. On January 12, 2007, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated action on the grounds that the dismissal of the substantially identical shareholder derivative action, Irwin v. Gemunder, et al., 2:06cv62, by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Kentucky on November 20, 2006 should be given preclusive effect and thus bars re-litigation of the issues already decided in Irwin. Instead of opposing that motion, on March 16, 2007, the plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint, which continues to name all of the directors as defendants and asserts the same claims, but attempts to bolster those claims by adding nearly all of the substantive allegations from the most recent complaint in the federal securities class action (see discussion of HOD Carriers above) and an amended complaint in Irwin that added the same factual allegations that were added to the consolidated amended complaint in the HOD Carriers action. On April 16, 2007, defendants filed a supplemental memorandum of law in further support of their pending motion to dismiss contending that the amended complaint should be dismissed on the same grounds previously articulated for dismissal, namely, the preclusive effect of the dismissal of the Irwin action. That motion has been fully briefed, oral argument was held on August 21, 2007, and the court reserved decision.
The Company believes the above-described purported class and derivative actions are without merit and will be vigorously defended.
The years ended 2009, 2008 and 2007 included a $77.4 million, $99.3 million and $42.5 million pretax charge ($53.6 million, $68.7 million and $26.4 million after taxes), respectively, reflected in the “Litigation and other related charges” line of the Consolidated Statements of Income, primarily for litigation-related settlements and professional expenses in connection with the investigation by the United States Attorney’s Office, District of Massachusetts (including the aforementioned increase in the settlement reserve); the Company’s lawsuit against United; the Company’s response to subpoenas it received relating to other legal proceedings to which the Company is not a party; certain other large customer disputes; the inquiry conducted by the Attorney General’s Office in Michigan relating to certain billing issues under the Michigan Medicaid program; the investigation by the federal government and certain states relating to drug substitutions; and the purported class and derivative actions. Additionally, in connection with Omnicare’s participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other healthcare programs, the Company maintains a compliance program which establishes certain routine periodic monitoring of the accuracy of the Company’s billing systems and other regulatory compliance matters and encourages the reporting of errors and inaccuracies. As a result of this program, Omnicare has made, and will continue to make, disclosures to the applicable governmental agencies of amounts, if any, determined to represent over-payments from the respective programs and, where applicable, those amounts are included in the pretax special item reflected above.
During 2006, the Company experienced certain quality control and product recall issues, as well as fire damage, at one of its repackaging facilities. As a precautionary measure, the Company voluntarily and temporarily suspended operations at this facility. During the time that this facility was closed, the Company conducted certain environmental tests at the facility. Based on the results of these tests, which showed very low levels of beta lactam residue, and the time and expense associated with completing the necessary remediation procedures, as well as the short remaining term on the lease for the current facility, the Company decided not to reopen this facility. The Company has been cooperating with federal and state officials who have been conducting investigations relating to the Repack Matters (as defined below) and certain billing issues. The Company continues to work to address and resolve certain remaining issues, and fully restore centralized repackaging to its original levels. In order to replace the capacity of this facility, the Company ramped-up production in its other repackaging facility, as well as onsite in its individual pharmacies. Further, in order to replace the repackaging capacity of the closed facility, on February 27, 2007, Omnicare entered into an agreement for the Repackaging Services division of Cardinal Health to serve as the contract repackager for pharmaceutical volumes previously repackaged at the closed facility. The agreement initially extends through October 2010. As a result, the Company has been and continues to be able to meet the needs of all of its client facilities and their residents. Addressing these issues served to increase costs, and as a result, the year ended 2009 included special charges/(credits) of approximately $(1.1) million pretax ($(2.6) million and $1.5 million was
recorded in the cost of sales and operating expenses sections of the Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively) ($(0.7) million after taxes) primarily due to insurance recoveries relating to the quality control, product recall and fire damage issues at this facility (“Repack Matters”), partially offset by additional costs precipitated by the Repack Matters. The associated costs for the year ended 2008 included special charges of approximately $6.4 million pretax ($5.5 million and $0.9 million was recorded in the cost of sales and operating expenses sections of the Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively) ($3.9 million after taxes) for costs associated with the Repack Matters. The associated costs for the year ended 2007 included special charges of $17.2 million pretax ($14.8 million and $2.4 million was recorded in the cost of sales and operating expense sections of the Consolidated Statements of Income, respectively) ($10.7 million after taxes) for the incremental costs associated with the Repack Matters. The Company maintains product recall, property and casualty and business interruption insurance, and the extent of insurance recovery for these expenses continues to be reviewed by its outside advisors. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has received approximately $10 million in insurance recoveries.
Although the Company cannot know with certainty the ultimate outcome of the matters described in the preceding paragraphs other than as disclosed, there can be no assurance that the resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows or, in the case of the investigations regarding the Repack Matters and other billing matters, that these matters will be resolved in an amount that would not exceed the amount of the pretax charges recorded by the Company.
As part of its ongoing operations, the Company is subject to various inspections, audits, inquiries and similar actions by third parties, as well as governmental/regulatory authorities responsible for enforcing the laws and regulations to which the Company is subject. The Company is also involved in various legal actions arising in the normal course of business. These matters are continuously being evaluated and, in many cases, are being contested by the Company and the outcome is not predictable. Consequently, an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss associated with certain actions cannot be made. Although occasional adverse outcomes (or settlements) may occur and could possibly have an adverse effect on the results of operations and cash flows in any one accounting period, outside of the matters described in the preceding paragraphs, the Company is not aware of any such matters whereby it is presently believed that the final disposition will have a material adverse affect on the Company’s overall consolidated financial position.
The Company indemnifies the directors and officers of the Company for certain liabilities that might arise from the performance of their job responsibilities for the Company. Additionally, in the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and which provide general indemnifications. The Company’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown, as this involves the resolution of claims made, or future claims that may be made, against the Company, its directors and/or officers, the outcomes of which is unknown and not currently predictable. Accordingly, no liabilities have been recorded for the indemnifications.
Note 18 – Segment Information
Based on the “management approach” as defined by the authoritative guidance for disclosures about segments of an enterprise and related information, Omnicare has two reportable segments. The Company’s larger reportable segment is Pharmacy Services. Pharmacy Services primarily provides distribution of pharmaceuticals, related pharmacy consulting and other ancillary services, data management services, medical supplies, and distribution and patient assistance services for specialty pharmaceuticals. The Company’s customers are primarily skilled nursing, assisted living, hospice and other providers of healthcare services in 47 states in the United States, the District of Columbia and in Canada at December 31, 2009. The Company’s other reportable segment is CRO Services, which provides comprehensive product development and research services to client companies in pharmaceutical, biotechnology, nutraceutical, medical devices and diagnostics industries in 31 countries around the world at December 31, 2009, including the United States. Where applicable, operating segments have been aggregated giving consideration to the management approach.
The table below presents information about the segments as of and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, and should be read in connection with the paragraphs that follow (in thousands):
| | For the years ended December 31, | |
| | | | | | | | Corporate | | | | |
| | Pharmacy | | | CRO | | | and | | | Consolidated | |
2009: | | Services | | | Services | | | Consolidating | | | Totals | |
Net sales | | $ | 6,009,502 | | | $ | 156,707 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,166,209 | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | (81,611 | ) | | | (1,882 | ) | | | (56,083 | ) | | | (139,576 | ) |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | (16,253 | ) | | | (9,341 | ) | | | (3,561 | ) | | | (29,155 | ) |
Litigation and other related charges | | | (77,449 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (77,449 | ) |
Repack matters | | | 1,139 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,139 | |
Acquisition and other related costs | | | (1,399 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,399 | ) |
Operating income (expense) from continuing operations | | | 568,502 | | | | (3,578 | ) | | | (94,382 | ) | | | 470,542 | |
Total assets | | | 6,741,983 | | | | 164,122 | | | | 417,999 | | | | 7,324,104 | |
Capital expenditures | | | (28,152 | ) | | | (1,631 | ) | | | (1,082 | ) | | | (30,865 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 6,002,395 | | | $ | 203,320 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,205,715 | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | (80,010 | ) | | | (1,836 | ) | | | (56,147 | ) | | | (137,993 | ) |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | (31,130 | ) | | | (1,695 | ) | | | (2,959 | ) | | | (35,784 | ) |
Litigation and other related charges | | | (99,267 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (99,267 | ) |
Repack matters | | | (6,445 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (6,445 | ) |
Operating income (expense) from continuing operations | | | 503,144 | | | | 15,908 | | | | (118,031 | ) | | | 401,021 | |
Total assets | | | 6,896,243 | | | | 171,442 | | | | 382,560 | | | | 7,450,245 | |
Capital expenditures | | | (56,623 | ) | | | (2,544 | ) | | | (439 | ) | | | (59,606 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | 5,905,255 | | | $ | 195,139 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,100,394 | |
Depreciation and amortization expense | | | (77,514 | ) | | | (1,867 | ) | | | (51,759 | ) | | | (131,140 | ) |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | (20,065 | ) | | | (2,767 | ) | | | (5,051 | ) | | | (27,883 | ) |
Litigation and other related charges | | | (42,516 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (42,516 | ) |
Repack matters | | | (17,193 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (17,193 | ) |
Operating income (expense) from continuing operations | | | 442,711 | | | | 10,378 | | | | (107,583 | ) | | | 345,506 | |
Total assets | | | 6,971,072 | | | | 188,116 | | | | 424,182 | | | | 7,583,370 | |
Capital expenditures | | | (38,928 | ) | | | (1,819 | ) | | | (2,081 | ) | | | (42,828 | ) |
The following summarizes net sales and long-lived assets, by geographic area, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 (in thousands):
| | Net Sales | | | Long-Lived Assets | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
United States | | $ | 6,111,706 | | | $ | 6,133,448 | | | $ | 6,034,761 | | | $ | 206,404 | | | $ | 206,513 | | | $ | 181,411 | |
Foreign | | | 54,503 | | | | 72,267 | | | | 65,633 | | | | 2,565 | | | | 2,014 | | | | 3,590 | |
Total | | $ | 6,166,209 | | | $ | 6,205,715 | | | $ | 6,100,394 | | | $ | 208,969 | | | $ | 208,527 | | | $ | 185,001 | |
The determination of foreign sales is based on the country in which the sales originate. No individual foreign country’s sales were material to the consolidated sales of Omnicare. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income statement characterization of reimbursements received for “out-of-pocket” expenses incurred, Omnicare included in its reported CRO Segment net sales, amount, for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, reimbursable out-of-pockets totaling $12.3 million, $18.9 million and $20.4 million, respectively, for the United States geographic area; $6.2 million, $12.4 million and $11.3 million, respectively, for the foreign geographic area; and $18.5 million, $31.3 million and $31.7 million, respectively, for the total net sales.
Note 19 – Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited)
The following table presents the Company's quarterly financial information for 2009 and 2008 (in thousands, except per share data):
| | First | | | Second | | | Third | | | Fourth | | | Full | |
| | Quarter (c) | | | Quarter (c) | | | Quarter (c) | | | Quarter (c) | | | Year (c) | |
2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales(a) | | $ | 1,542,105 | | | $ | 1,540,507 | | | $ | 1,543,901 | | | $ | 1,539,696 | | | $ | 6,166,209 | |
Cost of sales(a) | | | 1,151,768 | | | | 1,168,778 | | | | 1,175,946 | | | | 1,177,356 | | | | 4,673,848 | |
Repack matters | | | 1,102 | | | | 815 | | | | 1,755 | | | | (6,314 | ) | | | (2,642 | ) |
Gross profit | | | 389,235 | | | | 370,914 | | | | 366,200 | | | | 368,654 | | | | 1,495,003 | |
Selling, general and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
administrative expenses | | | 216,133 | | | | 203,491 | | | | 203,394 | | | | 198,722 | | | | 821,740 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | 25,271 | | | | 22,710 | | | | 23,098 | | | | 22,136 | | | | 93,215 | |
Restructuring and other related | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | | 6,917 | | | | 5,883 | | | | 6,295 | | | | 10,060 | | | | 29,155 | |
Litigation and other related | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | | 41,665 | | | | 28,357 | | | | 1,739 | | | | 5,688 | | | | 77,449 | |
Repack matters | | | 891 | | | | 381 | | | | 277 | | | | (46 | ) | | | 1,503 | |
Acquisition and other related costs | | | 839 | | | | 2,011 | | | | (632 | ) | | | (819 | ) | | | 1,399 | |
Operating income | | | 97,519 | | | | 108,081 | | | | 132,029 | | | | 132,913 | | | | 470,542 | |
Investment income | | | 2,407 | | | | 1,032 | | | | 1,202 | | | | 5,029 | | | | 9,670 | |
Interest expense | | | (31,287 | ) | | | (29,775 | ) | | | (29,588 | ) | | | (29,246 | ) | | | (119,896 | ) |
Amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (6,797 | ) | | | (6,927 | ) | | | (7,059 | ) | | | (7,194 | ) | | | (27,977 | ) |
Income from continuing operations before | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income taxes | | | 61,842 | | | | 72,411 | | | | 96,584 | | | | 101,502 | | | | 332,339 | |
Income tax provision | | | 29,614 | | | | 30,417 | | | | 17,838 | | | | 19,654 | | | | 97,523 | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 32,228 | | | | 41,994 | | | | 78,746 | | | | 81,848 | | | | 234,816 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (1,334 | ) | | | (13,275 | ) | | | (6,231 | ) | | | (2,053 | ) | | | (22,893 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 30,894 | | | $ | 28,719 | | | $ | 72,515 | | | $ | 79,795 | | | $ | 211,923 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Basic:(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.36 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.70 | | | $ | 2.01 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.11 | ) | | | (0.05 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | (0.20 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 0.27 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 0.62 | | | $ | 0.68 | | | $ | 1.81 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Diluted:(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.36 | | | $ | 0.67 | | | $ | 0.69 | | | $ | 2.00 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.11 | ) | | | (0.05 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | (0.19 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 0.26 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.61 | | | $ | 0.68 | | | $ | 1.80 | |
Dividends per common share | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.09 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 116,448 | | | | 116,852 | | | | 117,598 | | | | 117,462 | | | | 117,094 | |
Diluted | | | 117,341 | | | | 117,640 | | | | 118,145 | | | | 117,980 | | | | 117,777 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 30,675 | | | $ | 27,223 | | | $ | 75,031 | | | $ | 63,490 | | | $ | 196,419 | |
Note 19 – Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited)-Continued
| | First | | | Second | | | Third | | | Fourth | | | Full | |
| | Quarter (c)(d) | | | Quarter (c)(d) | | | Quarter (c)(d) | | | Quarter (c)(d) | | | Year (c)(d) | |
2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales(a) | | $ | 1,530,438 | | | $ | 1,522,712 | | | $ | 1,578,251 | | | $ | 1,574,314 | | | $ | 6,205,715 | |
Cost of sales(a) | | | 1,159,581 | | | | 1,149,864 | | | | 1,172,791 | | | | 1,165,937 | | | | 4,648,173 | |
Repack matters | | | 1,574 | | | | 1,560 | | | | 1,041 | | | | 1,356 | | | | 5,531 | |
Gross profit | | | 369,283 | | | | 371,288 | | | | 404,419 | | | | 407,021 | | | | 1,552,011 | |
Selling, general and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
administrative expenses | | | 226,227 | | | | 226,951 | | | | 228,325 | | | | 227,083 | | | | 908,586 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | 28,152 | | | | 24,093 | | | | 27,180 | | | | 27,014 | | | | 106,439 | |
Restructuring and other related | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | | 6,448 | | | | 10,784 | | | | 7,655 | | | | 10,897 | | | | 35,784 | |
Litigation and other related | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
charges | | | 21,642 | | | | 16,022 | | | | 13,479 | | | | 48,124 | | | | 99,267 | |
Repack matters | | | 319 | | | | 180 | | | | 129 | | | | 286 | | | | 914 | |
Operating income | | | 86,495 | | | | 93,258 | | | | 127,651 | | | | 93,617 | | | | 401,021 | |
Investment income | | | 2,611 | | | | 1,959 | | | | 1,441 | | | | 3,771 | | | | 9,782 | |
Interest expense | | | (36,813 | ) | | | (35,693 | ) | | | (36,662 | ) | | | (33,905 | ) | | | (143,073 | ) |
Amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (6,300 | ) | | | (6,421 | ) | | | (6,544 | ) | | | (6,669 | ) | | | (25,934 | ) |
Income from continuing operations before | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
income taxes | | | 45,993 | | | | 53,103 | | | | 85,886 | | | | 56,814 | | | | 241,796 | |
Income tax provision | | | 18,456 | | | | 19,609 | | | | 31,536 | | | | 27,669 | | | | 97,270 | |
Income from continuing operations | | | 27,537 | | | | 33,494 | | | | 54,350 | | | | 29,145 | | | | 144,526 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | (1,387 | ) | | | (559 | ) | | | (591 | ) | | | (1,516 | ) | | | (4,053 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 26,150 | | | $ | 32,935 | | | $ | 53,759 | | | $ | 27,629 | | | $ | 140,473 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Basic:(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.23 | | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 1.23 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | - | | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.46 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 1.20 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings (loss) per common share - Diluted:(b) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.23 | | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.46 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | $ | 1.22 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | - | | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) |
Net income | | $ | 0.22 | | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.46 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 1.19 | |
Dividends per common share | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.0225 | | | $ | 0.09 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 119,848 | | | | 117,901 | | | | 115,983 | | | | 116,166 | | | | 117,466 | |
Diluted | | | 120,538 | | | | 118,672 | | | | 117,483 | | | | 116,965 | | | | 118,313 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 35,277 | | | $ | 32,131 | | | $ | 54,540 | | | $ | 76,687 | | | $ | 198,635 | |
Notes to Summary of Quarterly Results:
(a) | In accordance with the authoritative guidance for income statement characterization of reimbursements received for “out-of-pocket” expenses, Omnicare has recorded reimbursements received for “out-of-pocket” expenses on a grossed-up basis in total net sales and total cost of sales for both the 2009 and 2008 periods. This authoritative guidance relates solely to the Company's CRO Services business. |
(b) | Earnings per share is calculated independently for each separately reported quarterly and full year period. Accordingly, the sum of the separately reported quarters may not necessarily be equal to the per share amount for the corresponding full year period, as independently calculated. |
(c) | As discussed elsewhere herein, during the second quarter of 2009, the Company commenced activities to divest certain non-core businesses within its pharmacy services segment. The financial results have been revised to reflect such businesses as discontinued operations. See further discussion at the “Discontinued Operations” note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(d) | Effective January 1, 2009, Omnicare retrospectively adopted the provisions of the authoritative guidance regarding the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement). Financial statements for all prior periods presented have been restated for this change in accounting. The quarterly impact of this change in accounting is as follows: |
| | | Q1 | | | | Q2 | | | | Q3 | | | | Q4 | | | YTD | |
2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pretax | | $ | (6,066 | ) | | $ | (6,187 | ) | | $ | (6,310 | ) | | $ | (6,435 | ) | | $ | (24,998 | ) |
Aftertax | | | (3,794 | ) | | | (3,870 | ) | | | (3,946 | ) | | | (4,025 | ) | | | (15,635 | ) |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries
The Company’s 6.125% Senior Notes due 2013, the 6.75% Senior Notes due 2013 and the 6.875% Senior Notes due 2015 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured, joint and several basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company (the “Guarantor Subsidiaries”). The following condensed consolidating financial data illustrates the composition of Omnicare, Inc. (“Parent”), the Guarantor Subsidiaries and the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 for the balance sheets, as well as the statements of income and the statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. Management believes separate complete financial statements of the respective Guarantor Subsidiaries would not provide information that would be necessary for evaluating the sufficiency of the Guarantor Subsidiaries, and thus are not presented. No consolidating/eliminating adjustments column is presented for the condensed consolidating statements of cash flows since there were no significant consolidating/eliminating adjustment amounts during the periods presented.
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Summary Consolidating Statements of Income | |
(in thousands) | | For the years ended December 31, | |
2009: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | 5,988,099 | | | $ | 178,110 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,166,209 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | 4,532,542 | | | | 141,306 | | | | - | | | | 4,673,848 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | (2,642 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (2,642 | ) |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | 1,458,199 | | | | 36,804 | | | | - | | | | 1,495,003 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 14,875 | | | | 778,655 | | | | 28,210 | | | | - | | | | 821,740 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | 91,356 | | | | 1,859 | | | | - | | | | 93,215 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | 24,201 | | | | 4,954 | | | | - | | | | 29,155 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | 77,449 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 77,449 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | 1,503 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,503 | |
Acquisition and other related costs | | | - | | | | 1,399 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,399 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (14,875 | ) | | | 483,636 | | | | 1,781 | | | | - | | | | 470,542 | |
Investment income | | | 886 | | | | 8,784 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 9,670 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (146,841 | ) | | | (1,031 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | - | | | | (147,873 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (160,830 | ) | | | 491,389 | | | | 1,780 | | | | - | | | | 332,339 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (61,324 | ) | | | 158,097 | | | | 750 | | | | - | | | | 97,523 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (99,506 | ) | | | 333,292 | | | | 1,030 | | | | - | | | | 234,816 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | (20,275 | ) | | | (2,618 | ) | | | - | | | | (22,893 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 311,429 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (311,429 | ) | | | - | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | 313,017 | | | $ | (1,588 | ) | | $ | (311,429 | ) | | $ | 211,923 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | 5,992,700 | | | $ | 213,015 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,205,715 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | 4,480,732 | | | | 167,441 | | | | - | | | | 4,648,173 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | 5,531 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 5,531 | |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | 1,506,437 | | | | 45,574 | | | | - | | | | 1,552,011 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 16,007 | | | | 871,461 | | | | 21,118 | | | | - | | | | 908,586 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | 104,568 | | | | 1,871 | | | | - | | | | 106,439 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | 35,500 | | | | 284 | | | | - | | | | 35,784 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | 99,267 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 99,267 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | 914 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 914 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (16,007 | ) | | | 394,727 | | | | 22,301 | | | | - | | | | 401,021 | |
Investment income | | | 1,584 | | | | 8,198 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 9,782 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (164,175 | ) | | | (1,790 | ) | | | (3,042 | ) | | | - | | | | (169,007 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (178,598 | ) | | | 401,135 | | | | 19,259 | | | | - | | | | 241,796 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (69,083 | ) | | | 158,873 | | | | 7,480 | | | | - | | | | 97,270 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (109,515 | ) | | | 242,262 | | | | 11,779 | | | | - | | | | 144,526 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | (1,872 | ) | | | (2,181 | ) | | | - | | | | (4,053 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 249,988 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (249,988 | ) | | | - | |
Net income | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | 240,390 | | | $ | 9,598 | | | $ | (249,988 | ) | | $ | 140,473 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | 5,890,966 | | | $ | 209,428 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,100,394 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | 4,428,027 | | | | 164,629 | | | | - | | | | 4,592,656 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | 14,788 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 14,788 | |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | 1,448,151 | | | | 44,799 | | | | - | | | | 1,492,950 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 8,453 | | | | 827,309 | | | | 32,097 | | | | - | | | | 867,859 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | 205,274 | | | | 1,507 | | | | - | | | | 206,781 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | 26,075 | | | | 1,808 | | | | - | | | | 27,883 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | 42,516 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 42,516 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | 2,405 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,405 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (8,453 | ) | | | 344,572 | | | | 9,387 | | | | - | | | | 345,506 | |
Investment income | | | 3,355 | | | | 5,360 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 8,715 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (182,611 | ) | | | (1,170 | ) | | | (3,333 | ) | | | - | | | | (187,114 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (187,709 | ) | | | 348,762 | | | | 6,054 | | | | - | | | | 167,107 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (71,121 | ) | | | 133,955 | | | | 2,289 | | | | - | | | | 65,123 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (116,588 | ) | | | 214,807 | | | | 3,765 | | | | - | | | | 101,984 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | (2,111 | ) | | | (268 | ) | | | - | | | | (2,379 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 216,193 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (216,193 | ) | | | - | |
Net income | | $ | 99,605 | | | $ | 212,696 | | | $ | 3,497 | | | $ | (216,193 | ) | | $ | 99,605 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2009: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 223,644 | | | $ | 33,664 | | | $ | 18,401 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 275,709 | |
Restricted cash | | | - | | | | 15,264 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 15,264 | |
Accounts receivable, net (including intercompany) | | | - | | | | 1,192,627 | | | | 21,854 | | | | (5,886 | ) | | | 1,208,595 | |
Unbilled receivables, CRO | | | - | | | | 21,868 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 21,868 | |
Inventories | | | - | | | | 361,156 | | | | 7,321 | | | | - | | | | 368,477 | |
Deferred income tax benefits, net-current | | | - | | | | 118,023 | | | | 49 | | | | (4,497 | ) | | | 113,575 | |
Other current assets | | | 1,026 | | | | 192,555 | | | | 3,911 | | | | - | | | | 197,492 | |
Current assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 15,274 | | | | 3,353 | | | | - | | | | 18,627 | |
Total current assets | | | 224,670 | | | | 1,950,431 | | | | 54,889 | | | | (10,383 | ) | | | 2,219,607 | |
Properties and equipment, net | | | - | | | | 204,891 | | | | 4,078 | | | | - | | | | 208,969 | |
Goodwill | | | - | | | | 4,195,767 | | | | 77,928 | | | | - | | | | 4,273,695 | |
Identifiable intangible assets, net | | | - | | | | 287,804 | | | | 9,349 | | | | - | | | | 297,153 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 29,930 | | | | 248,842 | | | | 49 | | | | - | | | | 278,821 | |
Noncurrent assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 22,557 | | | | 23,302 | | | | - | | | | 45,859 | |
Investment in subsidiaries | | | 5,992,094 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (5,992,094 | ) | | | - | |
Total assets | | $ | 6,246,694 | | | $ | 6,910,292 | | | $ | 169,595 | | | $ | (6,002,477 | ) | | $ | 7,324,104 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities (including intercompany) | | $ | 144,793 | | | $ | 460,809 | | | $ | 13,127 | | | $ | (5,886 | ) | | $ | 612,843 | |
Current liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 6,361 | | | | 845 | | | | - | | | | 7,206 | |
Long-term debt, notes and convertible debentures | | | 1,975,786 | | | | 4,450 | | | | 3 | | | | - | | | | 1,980,239 | |
Deferred income tax liabilities, net-noncurrent | | | 250,122 | | | | 314,581 | | | | 11,416 | | | | (4,497 | ) | | | 571,622 | |
Other noncurrent liabilities | | | - | | | | 276,201 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 276,201 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 3,875,993 | | | | 5,847,890 | | | | 144,204 | | | | (5,992,094 | ) | | | 3,875,993 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 6,246,694 | | | $ | 6,910,292 | | | $ | 169,595 | | | $ | (6,002,477 | ) | | $ | 7,324,104 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets (Continued)
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2008: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 145,178 | | | $ | 44,109 | | | $ | 25,381 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Restricted cash | | | - | | | | 1,891 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,891 | |
Accounts receivable, net (including intercompany) | | | - | | | | 1,314,760 | | | | 54,862 | | | | (32,064 | ) | | | 1,337,558 | |
Unbilled receivables, CRO | | | - | | | | 22,329 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 22,329 | |
Inventories | | | - | | | | 438,972 | | | | 10,051 | | | | - | | | | 449,023 | |
Deferred income tax benefits, net-current | | | 1,202 | | | | 132,991 | | | | 56 | | | | - | | | | 134,249 | |
Other current assets | | | 1,270 | | | | 170,615 | | | | 5,104 | | | | - | | | | 176,989 | |
Current assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 27,979 | | | | 7,007 | | | | - | | | | 34,986 | |
Total current assets | | | 147,650 | | | | 2,153,646 | | | | 102,461 | | | | (32,064 | ) | | | 2,371,693 | |
Properties and equipment, net | | | - | | | | 203,882 | | | | 4,645 | | | | - | | | | 208,527 | |
Goodwill | | | - | | | | 4,138,754 | | | | 72,467 | | | | - | | | | 4,211,221 | |
Identifiable intangible assets, net | | | - | | | | 325,559 | | | | 3,887 | | | | - | | | | 329,446 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 40,171 | | | | 231,895 | | | | 47 | | | | - | | | | 272,113 | |
Noncurrent assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 33,375 | | | | 23,870 | | | | - | | | | 57,245 | |
Investment in subsidiaries | | | 6,075,308 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (6,075,308 | ) | | | - | |
Total assets | | $ | 6,263,129 | | | $ | 7,087,111 | | | $ | 207,377 | | | $ | (6,107,372 | ) | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities (including intercompany) | | $ | 28,460 | | | $ | 624,900 | | | $ | 9,157 | | | $ | (32,064 | ) | | $ | 630,453 | |
Current liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 8,170 | | | | 2,166 | | | | - | | | | 10,336 | |
Long-term debt, notes and convertible debentures | | | 2,350,227 | | | | 2,594 | | | | 3 | | | | - | | | | 2,352,824 | |
Deferred income tax liabilities, net-noncurrent | | | 229,573 | | | | 285,361 | | | | 10,492 | | | | - | | | | 525,426 | |
Other noncurrent liabilities | | | - | | | | 274,825 | | | | 1,459 | | | | - | | | | 276,284 | |
Noncurrent liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 53 | | | | - | | | | 53 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 3,654,869 | | | | 5,891,261 | | | | 184,047 | | | | (6,075,308 | ) | | | 3,654,869 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 6,263,129 | | | $ | 7,087,111 | | | $ | 207,377 | | | $ | (6,107,372 | ) | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2009 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows (used in) / from operating activities | | $ | (64,390 | ) | | $ | 553,249 | | | $ | (5,065 | ) | | $ | 483,794 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | (92,889 | ) | | | - | | | | (92,889 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | (30,046 | ) | | | (819 | ) | | | (30,865 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | (10,547 | ) | | | - | | | | (10,547 | ) |
Other | | | - | | | | (10,536 | ) | | | - | | | | (10,536 | ) |
Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | - | | | | (144,018 | ) | | | (819 | ) | | | (144,837 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (275,000 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (275,000 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (1,592 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,592 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | (819 | ) | | | 182 | | | | - | | | | (637 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options, net of stock tendered in payment | | | 9,666 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 9,666 | |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 2,367 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,367 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,733 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,733 | ) |
Other | | | 418,967 | | | | (419,446 | ) | | | - | | | | (479 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 142,856 | | | | (419,264 | ) | | | - | | | | (276,408 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,099 | ) | | | (1,099 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 78,466 | | | | (10,033 | ) | | | (6,983 | ) | | | 61,450 | |
Less increase (decrease) in cash and cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
equivalents of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 412 | | | | (3 | ) | | | 409 | |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | 78,466 | | | | (10,445 | ) | | | (6,980 | ) | | | 61,041 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 145,178 | | | | 44,109 | | | | 25,381 | | | | 214,668 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 223,644 | | | $ | 33,664 | | | $ | 18,401 | | | $ | 275,709 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows - Continued | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2008 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows from / (used in) operating activities | | $ | (73,175 | ) | | $ | 515,417 | | | $ | (4,045 | ) | | $ | 438,197 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | (225,710 | ) | | | - | | | | (225,710 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | (59,649 | ) | | | 43 | | | | (59,606 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | 847 | | | | - | | | | 847 | |
Other | | | - | | | | (824 | ) | | | - | | | | (824 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) investing activities | | | - | | | | (285,336 | ) | | | 43 | | | | (285,293 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | 396,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 396,000 | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (446,000 | ) | | | - | | | | (39,081 | ) | | | (485,081 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (3,193 | ) | | | 360 | | | | - | | | | (2,833 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | (5,723 | ) | | | 274 | | | | - | | | | (5,449 | ) |
Payments for Omnicare common stock repurchase | | | (100,165 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (100,165 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options, net of stock tendered in payment | | | (1,390 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,390 | ) |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 963 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 963 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,751 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,751 | ) |
Other | | | 216,833 | | | | (256,274 | ) | | | 39,081 | | | | (360 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 46,574 | | | | (255,640 | ) | | | - | | | | (209,066 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | (3,196 | ) | | | (3,196 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | (26,601 | ) | | | (25,559 | ) | | | (7,198 | ) | | | (59,358 | ) |
Less increase (decrease) in cash and cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
equivalents of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | 308 | | | | (134 | ) | | | 174 | |
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | (26,601 | ) | | | (25,867 | ) | | | (7,064 | ) | | | (59,532 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 171,779 | | | | 69,976 | | | | 32,445 | | | | 274,200 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 145,178 | | | $ | 44,109 | | | $ | 25,381 | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows - Continued | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2007 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows (used in) / from operating activities | | $ | (91,730 | ) | | $ | 587,462 | | | $ | 9,797 | | | $ | 505,529 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | (151,135 | ) | | | - | | | | (151,135 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | (42,422 | ) | | | (406 | ) | | | (42,828 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | 291 | | | | - | | | | 291 | |
Other | | | - | | | | (3,216 | ) | | | - | | | | (3,216 | ) |
Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | - | | | | (196,482 | ) | | | (406 | ) | | | (196,888 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | 95,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 95,000 | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (245,000 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (245,000 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (5,734 | ) | | | 1,392 | | | | - | | | | (4,342 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | 3,511 | | | | (7,091 | ) | | | - | | | | (3,580 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options and warrants, net of stock tendered in payment | | | (8,966 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (8,966 | ) |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 4,112 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,112 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,971 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,971 | ) |
Other | | | 388,063 | | | | (389,455 | ) | | | - | | | | (1,392 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 220,015 | | | | (395,154 | ) | | | - | | | | (175,139 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,912 | | | | 2,912 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 128,285 | | | | (4,174 | ) | | | 12,303 | | | | 136,414 | |
Less increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | (239 | ) | | | 84 | | | | (155 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | 128,285 | | | | (3,935 | ) | | | 12,219 | | | | 136,569 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 43,494 | | | | 73,911 | | | | 20,226 | | | | 137,631 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 171,779 | | | $ | 69,976 | | | $ | 32,445 | | | $ | 274,200 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
The Company’s 3.25% Convertible Debentures due 2035 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured basis by Omnicare Purchasing Company, LP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Guarantor Subsidiary”). The following condensed consolidating financial data illustrates the composition of Omnicare, Inc. (“Parent”), the Guarantor Subsidiary and the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 for the balance sheets, as well as the statements of income and the statements of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. Management believes separate complete financial statements of the respective Guarantor Subsidiary would not provide information that would be necessary for evaluating the sufficiency of the Guarantor Subsidiary, and thus are not presented. The Guarantor Subsidiary does not have any material net cash flows in the condensed consolidating statements of cash flows. No consolidating/eliminating adjustments column is presented for the condensed consolidating statements of cash flows since there were no significant consolidating/eliminating adjustment amounts during the periods presented.
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Summary Consolidating Statements of Income | |
(in thousands) | | For the years ended December 31, | |
2009: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,166,209 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,166,209 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,673,848 | | | | - | | | | 4,673,848 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | (2,642 | ) | | | - | | | | (2,642 | ) |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,495,003 | | | | - | | | | 1,495,003 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 14,875 | | | | 1,425 | | | | 805,440 | | | | - | | | | 821,740 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | - | | | | 93,215 | | | | - | | | | 93,215 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 29,155 | | | | - | | | | 29,155 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 77,449 | | | | - | | | | 77,449 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,503 | | | | - | | | | 1,503 | |
Acquisition and other related costs | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,399 | | | | - | | | | 1,399 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (14,875 | ) | | | (1,425 | ) | | | 486,842 | | | | - | | | | 470,542 | |
Investment income | | | 886 | | | | - | | | | 8,784 | | | | - | | | | 9,670 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (146,841 | ) | | | - | | | | (1,032 | ) | | | - | | | | (147,873 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (160,830 | ) | | | (1,425 | ) | | | 494,594 | | | | - | | | | 332,339 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (61,324 | ) | | | (543 | ) | | | 159,390 | | | | - | | | | 97,523 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (99,506 | ) | | | (882 | ) | | | 335,204 | | | | - | | | | 234,816 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | (22,893 | ) | | | - | | | | (22,893 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 311,429 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (311,429 | ) | | | - | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 211,923 | | | $ | (882 | ) | | $ | 312,311 | | | $ | (311,429 | ) | | $ | 211,923 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,205,715 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,205,715 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,648,173 | | | | - | | | | 4,648,173 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | 5,531 | | | | - | | | | 5,531 | |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,552,011 | | | | - | | | | 1,552,011 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 16,007 | | | | 1,343 | | | | 891,236 | | | | - | | | | 908,586 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | - | | | | 106,439 | | | | - | | | | 106,439 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 35,784 | | | | - | | | | 35,784 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 99,267 | | | | - | | | | 99,267 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | 914 | | | | - | | | | 914 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (16,007 | ) | | | (1,343 | ) | | | 418,371 | | | | - | | | | 401,021 | |
Investment income | | | 1,584 | | | | - | | | | 8,198 | | | | - | | | | 9,782 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (164,175 | ) | | | - | | | | (4,832 | ) | | | - | | | | (169,007 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (178,598 | ) | | | (1,343 | ) | | | 421,737 | | | | - | | | | 241,796 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (69,083 | ) | | | (522 | ) | | | 166,875 | | | | - | | | | 97,270 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (109,515 | ) | | | (821 | ) | | | 254,862 | | | | - | | | | 144,526 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | (4,053 | ) | | | - | | | | (4,053 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 249,988 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (249,988 | ) | | | - | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 140,473 | | | $ | (821 | ) | | $ | 250,809 | | | $ | (249,988 | ) | | $ | 140,473 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,100,394 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 6,100,394 | |
Cost of sales | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,592,656 | | | | - | | | | 4,592,656 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | 14,788 | | | | - | | | | 14,788 | |
Gross profit | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,492,950 | | | | - | | | | 1,492,950 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | | 8,453 | | | | 1,093 | | | | 858,313 | | | | - | | | | 867,859 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | - | | | | - | | | | 206,781 | | | | - | | | | 206,781 | |
Restructuring and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 27,883 | | | | - | | | | 27,883 | |
Litigation and other related charges | | | - | | | | - | | | | 42,516 | | | | - | | | | 42,516 | |
Repack matters | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,405 | | | | - | | | | 2,405 | |
Operating (loss) income | | | (8,453 | ) | | | (1,093 | ) | | | 355,052 | | | | - | | | | 345,506 | |
Investment income | | | 3,355 | | | | - | | | | 5,360 | | | | - | | | | 8,715 | |
Interest expense, including amortization of discount on convertible notes | | | (182,611 | ) | | | - | | | | (4,503 | ) | | | - | | | | (187,114 | ) |
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | (187,709 | ) | | | (1,093 | ) | | | 355,909 | | | | - | | | | 167,107 | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (71,121 | ) | | | (415 | ) | | | 136,659 | | | | - | | | | 65,123 | |
(Loss) income from continuing operations | | | (116,588 | ) | | | (678 | ) | | | 219,250 | | | | - | | | | 101,984 | |
Loss from discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | (2,379 | ) | | | - | | | | (2,379 | ) |
Equity in net income of subsidiaries | | | 216,193 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (216,193 | ) | | | - | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 99,605 | | | $ | (678 | ) | | $ | 216,871 | | | $ | (216,193 | ) | | $ | 99,605 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2009: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 223,644 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 52,065 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 275,709 | |
Restricted cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | 15,264 | | | | - | | | | 15,264 | |
Accounts receivable, net (including intercompany) | | | - | | | | 69 | | | | 1,208,595 | | | | (69 | ) | | | 1,208,595 | |
Unbilled receivables, CRO | | | - | | | | - | | | | 21,868 | | | | - | | | | 21,868 | |
Inventories | | | - | | | | - | | | | 368,477 | | | | - | | | | 368,477 | |
Deferred income tax benefits, net-current | | | - | | | | - | | | | 118,072 | | | | (4,497 | ) | | | 113,575 | |
Other current assets | | | 1,026 | | | | - | | | | 196,466 | | | | - | | | | 197,492 | |
Current assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 18,627 | | | | - | | | | 18,627 | |
Total current assets | | | 224,670 | | | | 69 | | | | 1,999,434 | | | | (4,566 | ) | | | 2,219,607 | |
Properties and equipment, net | | | - | | | | 19 | | | | 208,950 | | | | - | | | | 208,969 | |
Goodwill | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,273,695 | | | | - | | | | 4,273,695 | |
Identifiable intangible assets, net | | | - | | | | - | | | | 297,153 | | | | - | | | | 297,153 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 29,930 | | | | 19 | | | | 248,872 | | | | - | | | | 278,821 | |
Noncurrent assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 45,859 | | | | - | | | | 45,859 | |
Investment in subsidiaries | | | 5,992,094 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (5,992,094 | ) | | | - | |
Total assets | | $ | 6,246,694 | | | $ | 107 | | | $ | 7,073,963 | | | $ | (5,996,660 | ) | | $ | 7,324,104 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities (including intercompany) | | $ | 144,793 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 468,114 | | | $ | (69 | ) | | $ | 612,843 | |
Current liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7,206 | | | | - | | | | 7,206 | |
Long-term debt, notes and convertible debentures | | | 1,975,786 | | | | - | | | | 4,453 | | | | - | | | | 1,980,239 | |
Deferred income tax liabilities, net-noncurrent | | | 250,122 | | | | - | | | | 325,997 | | | | (4,497 | ) | | | 571,622 | |
Other noncurrent liabilities | | | - | | | | - | | | | 276,201 | | | | - | | | | 276,201 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 3,875,993 | | | | 102 | | | | 5,991,992 | | | | (5,992,094 | ) | | | 3,875,993 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 6,246,694 | | | $ | 107 | | | $ | 7,073,963 | | | $ | (5,996,660 | ) | | $ | 7,324,104 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2008: | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Consolidating/ Eliminating Adjustments | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 145,178 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 69,490 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Restricted cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | 1,891 | | | | - | | | | 1,891 | |
Accounts receivable, net (including intercompany) | | | - | | | | 66 | | | | 1,337,558 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 1,337,558 | |
Unbilled receivables, CRO | | | - | | | | - | | | | 22,329 | | | | - | | | | 22,329 | |
Inventories | | | - | | | | - | | | | 449,023 | | | | - | | | | 449,023 | |
Deferred income tax benefits, net-current | | | 1,202 | | | | - | | | | 133,047 | | | | - | | | | 134,249 | |
Other current assets | | | 1,270 | | | | - | | | | 175,719 | | | | - | | | | 176,989 | |
Current assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 34,986 | | | | - | | | | 34,986 | |
Total current assets | | | 147,650 | | | | 66 | | | | 2,224,043 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 2,371,693 | |
Properties and equipment, net | | | - | | | | 26 | | | | 208,501 | | | | - | | | | 208,527 | |
Goodwill | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,211,221 | | | | - | | | | 4,211,221 | |
Identifiable intangible assets, net | | | - | | | | - | | | | 329,446 | | | | - | | | | 329,446 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 40,171 | | | | 19 | | | | 231,923 | | | | - | | | | 272,113 | |
Noncurrent assets - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 57,245 | | | | - | | | | 57,245 | |
Investment in subsidiaries | | | 6,075,308 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | (6,075,308 | ) | | | - | |
Total assets | | $ | 6,263,129 | | | $ | 111 | | | $ | 7,262,379 | | | $ | (6,075,374 | ) | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities (including intercompany) | | $ | 28,460 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 602,059 | | | $ | (66 | ) | | $ | 630,453 | |
Current liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 10,336 | | | | - | | | | 10,336 | |
Long-term debt, notes and convertible debentures | | | 2,350,227 | | | | - | | | | 2,597 | | | | - | | | | 2,352,824 | |
Deferred income tax liabilities, net-noncurrent | | | 229,573 | | | | - | | | | 295,853 | | | | - | | | | 525,426 | |
Other noncurrent liabilities | | | - | | | | - | | | | 276,284 | | | | - | | | | 276,284 | |
Noncurrent liabilities - discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 53 | | | | - | | | | 53 | |
Stockholders’ equity | | | 3,654,869 | | | | 111 | | | | 6,075,197 | | | | (6,075,308 | ) | | | 3,654,869 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 6,263,129 | | | $ | 111 | | | $ | 7,262,379 | | | $ | (6,075,374 | ) | | $ | 7,450,245 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2009 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows (used in) / from operating activities | | $ | (64,390 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | 548,184 | | | $ | 483,794 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | - | | | | (92,889 | ) | | | (92,889 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | - | | | | (30,865 | ) | | | (30,865 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,547 | ) | | | (10,547 | ) |
Other | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,536 | ) | | | (10,536 | ) |
Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | - | | | | - | | | | (144,837 | ) | | | (144,837 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (275,000 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (275,000 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (1,592 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,592 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | (819 | ) | | | - | | | | 182 | | | | (637 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options, net of stock tendered in payment | | | 9,666 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 9,666 | |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 2,367 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,367 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,733 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,733 | ) |
Other | | | 418,967 | | | | - | | | | (419,446 | ) | | | (479 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 142,856 | | | | - | | | | (419,264 | ) | | | (276,408 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,099 | ) | | | (1,099 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 78,466 | | | | - | | | | (17,016 | ) | | | 61,450 | |
Less increase in cash and cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
equivalents of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 409 | | | | 409 | |
Increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | 78,466 | | | | - | | | | (17,425 | ) | | | 61,041 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 145,178 | | | | - | | | | 69,490 | | | | 214,668 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 223,644 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 52,065 | | | $ | 275,709 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows - Continued | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2008 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows (used in) / from operating activities | | $ | (73,175 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | 511,372 | | | $ | 438,197 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | - | | | | (225,710 | ) | | | (225,710 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | - | | | | (59,606 | ) | | | (59,606 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | - | | | | 847 | | | | 847 | |
Other | | | - | | | | - | | | | (824 | ) | | | (824 | ) |
Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | - | | | | - | | | | (285,293 | ) | | | (285,293 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | 396,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 396,000 | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (446,000 | ) | | | - | | | | (39,081 | ) | | | (485,081 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (3,193 | ) | | | - | | | | 360 | | | | (2,833 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | (5,723 | ) | | | - | | | | 274 | | | | (5,449 | ) |
Payments for Omnicare common stock repurchase | | | (100,165 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (100,165 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options, net of stock tendered in payment | | | (1,390 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (1,390 | ) |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 963 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 963 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,751 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,751 | ) |
Other | | | 216,833 | | | | - | | | | (217,193 | ) | | | (360 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 46,574 | | | | - | | | | (255,640 | ) | | | (209,066 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | (3,196 | ) | | | (3,196 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | (26,601 | ) | | | - | | | | (32,757 | ) | | | (59,358 | ) |
Less increase in cash and cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
equivalents of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | 174 | | | | 174 | |
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | (26,601 | ) | | | - | | | | (32,931 | ) | | | (59,532 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 171,779 | | | | - | | | | 102,421 | | | | 274,200 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 145,178 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 69,490 | | | $ | 214,668 | |
Note 20 – Guarantor Subsidiaries – Continued
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows - Continued | |
(in thousands) | | For the year ended December 31, | |
2007 | | Parent | | | Guarantor Subsidiary | | | Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries | | | Omnicare, Inc. and Subsidiaries | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash flows (used in) / from operating activities | | $ | (91,730 | ) | | $ | - | | | $ | 597,259 | | | $ | 505,529 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash received | | | - | | | | - | | | | (151,135 | ) | | | (151,135 | ) |
Capital expenditures | | | - | | | | - | | | | (42,828 | ) | | | (42,828 | ) |
Transfer of cash to trusts for employee health and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
severance costs, net of payments out of the trust | | | - | | | | - | | | | 291 | | | | 291 | |
Other | | | - | | | | - | | | | (3,216 | ) | | | (3,216 | ) |
Net cash flows used in investing activities | | | - | | | | - | | | | (196,888 | ) | | | (196,888 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Borrowings on line of credit facilities | | | 95,000 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 95,000 | |
Payments on line of credit facilities, term A loan and notes payable | | | (245,000 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (245,000 | ) |
Payments on long-term borrowings and obligations | | | (5,734 | ) | | | - | | | | 1,392 | | | | (4,342 | ) |
(Decrease) increase in cash overdraft balance | | | 3,511 | | | | - | | | | (7,091 | ) | | | (3,580 | ) |
Payments for stock awards and exercise of stock | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
options and warrants, net of stock tendered in payment | | | (8,966 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (8,966 | ) |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 4,112 | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 4,112 | |
Dividends paid | | | (10,971 | ) | | | - | | | | - | | | | (10,971 | ) |
Other | | | 388,063 | | | | - | | | | (389,455 | ) | | | (1,392 | ) |
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities | | | 220,015 | | | | - | | | | (395,154 | ) | | | (175,139 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2,912 | | | | 2,912 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 128,285 | | | | - | | | | 8,129 | | | | 136,414 | |
Less decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of discontinued operations | | | - | | | | - | | | | (155 | ) | | | (155 | ) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
of continuing operations | | | 128,285 | | | | - | | | | 8,284 | | | | 136,569 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 43,494 | | | | - | | | | 94,137 | | | | 137,631 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 171,779 | | | $ | - | | | $ | 102,421 | | | $ | 274,200 | |
ITEM 9. – CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based on an evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and are also effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s fourth quarter ended December 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process that is designed under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Our management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our assessment under the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, our management concluded that, as of December 31, 2009, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
ITEM 9B. – OTHER INFORMATION
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. – DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The information required by this Item 10 regarding our directors and executive officers, our audit committee and Section 16(a) compliance is included under the captions “Election of Directors,” “Governance of the Company and Board Matters” and “Section 16(A) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference. Information concerning our executive officers is also included under the caption “Executive Officers of the Company” in Part I of this Report. There have been no material changes to the procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to the board of directors as described in the Company's Proxy Statement dated April 21, 2009.
Audit Committee Financial Expert. The information required by this Item 10 disclosure requirement is included in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Codes of Ethics. We expect all of our employees to act in accordance with and to abide by the Omnicare “Corporate Compliance Program – It’s About Integrity” (the “Omnicare Integrity Code”). The Omnicare Integrity Code is a set of business values and procedures that provides guidance to Omnicare employees with respect to compliance with the law in all of their business dealings and decisions on behalf of Omnicare and with respect to the maintenance of ethical standards, which are a vital and integral part of Omnicare’s business.
The Omnicare Integrity Code applies to all employees including the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Principal Accounting Officer and other senior financial officers (the “Covered Officers”). In addition to being bound by the Omnicare Integrity Code’s provisions about ethical conduct, conflicts of interest and compliance with law, Omnicare has adopted a Code of Ethics for the Covered Officers. The Company will furnish any person, without charge, a copy of the Code of Ethics for the Covered Officers upon written request addressed to Omnicare, Inc., 1600 RiverCenter II, 100 East RiverCenter Boulevard, Covington, KY 41011, Attn.: Corporate Secretary. A copy of the Code of Ethics for the Covered Officers can also be found on our Web site at www.omnicare.com. Any waiver of any provision of the Code granted to a Covered Officer may only be granted by our Board of Directors or its Audit Committee. If a waiver is granted, information concerning the waiver will be posted on our Web site at www.omnicare.com for a period of 12 months.
ITEM 11. – EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item 11 is included in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. – SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2009 (in thousands, except exercise price data):
Plan Category | | Number of Securities to be issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options and Warrants | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options and Warrants | | | Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans(c) | |
Equity compensation plans | | | | | | | | | |
approved by stockholders(a) | | | 5,804 | | | $ | 32.81 | | | | 3,215 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity compensation plans | | | | | | | | | | | | |
not approved by stockholders(b) | | | 529 | | | | 29.12 | | | | - | |
| | | 6,333 | | | $ | 32.50 | | | | 3,215 | |
(a) | Includes the 1992 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan and the 2004 Stock and Incentive Plan. |
(b) | Includes the 1998 Long-Term Employee Incentive Plan as further discussed in the "Stock-Based Employee Compensation" note of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included at Item 8 of this Filing. Additionally, at December 31, 2009, the outstanding amount includes 10 compensation related warrants issued in 2003 at an exercise price of $33.08 per share. |
(c) | Excludes securities listed in the first column of the table. |
The remaining information required by this Item 12 is included in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. – CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item 13 is included in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. – PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item 14 is included in our proxy statement for our 2010 annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15. – EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)(1) Financial Statements
Our 2009 Consolidated Financial Statements are included in Part II, Item 8, of this Filing.
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule
See Index to Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule at Part II, Item 8, of this Filing.
(a)(3) Exhibits
See Index of Exhibits.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section l3 or l5(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of l934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, on this 25th day of February 2010.
| OMNICARE, INC. /s/John L. Workman |
| John L. Workman Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of l934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | | Title | | Date |
/s/Joel F. Gemunder | | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | | |
Joel F. Gemunder | | (Principal Executive Officer) | | |
/s/John L. Workman | | Executive Vice President and | | |
John L. Workman | | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | February 25, 2010 | |
John T. Crotty, Director*
Steven J. Heyer, Director*
Sandra E. Laney, Director*
Andrea R. Lindell, Ph. D, RN, Director*
John H. Timoney, Director*
James D. Shelton, Director*
Amy Wallman, Director*
*Cheryl D. Hodges, by signing her name hereto, signs this document on behalf of herself and on behalf of each person indicated above pursuant to a power of attorney duly executed by such person and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
| /s/Cheryl D. Hodges |
| Cheryl D. Hodges (Attorney-in-Fact) |
SCHEDULE II
OMNICARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
(in thousands)
| | | | | Additions | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Balance at | | | charged | | | | | | Write-offs, | | | Balance | |
Year ended | | beginning of | | | to cost | | | | | | net of | | | at end | |
December 31, | | period | | | and expenses | | | Acquisitions | | | recoveries | | | of period | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2009 | | $ | 319,417 | | | $ | 93,215 | | | $ | 838 | | | $ | (80,867 | ) | | $ | 332,603 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2008 | | | 324,825 | | | | 106,439 | | | | 5,550 | | | | (117,397 | ) | | | 319,417 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007 | | | 185,863 | | | | 206,781 | | | | 1,536 | | | | (69,355 | ) | | | 324,825 | |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below |
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(2) | Agreement and Plan of Merger, by and among Omnicare, Inc., NCS Acquisition Corp. and NCS HealthCare, Inc., dated as of December 17, 2002 | | Exhibit (a) (5)(E) to NCS Acquisition Corp.’s Schedule TO-T, as amended and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 18, 2002 |
(2.1) | Agreement and Plan of Merger, by and among Omnicare, Inc., Nectarine Acquisition Corp. and NeighborCare, Inc., dated as of July 6, 2005 | | Form 8-K July 7, 2005 |
(2.2) | Asset Purchase Agreement, by and among Omnicare, Inc., RxCrossroads, L.L.C., RxInnovations, L.L.C., Making Distribution Intelligent, L.L.C. and Louisville Public Warehouse Company, dated as of July 1, 2005 | | Form 8-K July 8, 2005 |
(2.3) | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 9, 2005, by and between Omnicare, Inc., Hospice Acquisition Corp., excelleRx, Inc. and certain of the stockholders and option holders of excelleRx, Inc. | | Form 8-K July 14, 2005 |
(3.1) | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Omnicare, Inc. (as amended) | | Form 10-K March 27, 2003 |
(3.2) | Third Amended and Restated By-Laws of Omnicare, Inc. | | Form 8-K December 23, 2008 |
(4.1) | Subordinated Debt Securities Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2003, between Omnicare, Inc. and SunTrust Bank, as Trustee | | Form 8-K June 16, 2003 |
(4.2) | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2003, between Omnicare, Inc. and SunTrust Bank, as Trustee | | Form 8-K June 16, 2003 |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below |
| | | |
(4.3) | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 13, 2003, between Omnicare, Inc. and SunTrust Bank, as Trustee | | Form 8-K June 16, 2003 |
(4.4) | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 8, 2005, between Omnicare, Inc. & SunTrust Bank, as Trustee | | Form 8-K March 9, 2005 |
(4.5) | Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 15, 2005, by and among the Company, the guarantors named therein and the Trustee (including the Form of 2013 Note) | | Form 8-K December 16, 2005 |
(4.6) | Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 15, 2005, by and among the Company, the guarantors named therein and the Trustee (including the Form of 2015 Note) | | Form 8-K December 16, 2005 |
(4.7) | Indenture, dated as of December 15, 2005, by and among the Company, Omnicare Purchasing Company, LP, as guarantor and the Trustee (including the Form of Convertible Debenture) | | Form 8-K December 16, 2005 |
(4.8) | Guarantee Agreement of Omnicare, Inc. relating to the Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities of Omnicare Capital Trust I, dated as of June 13, 2003 | | Form 8-K June 16, 2003 |
(4.9) | Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of Omnicare Capital Trust II, dated as of March 8, 2005 | | Form 8-K March 9, 2005 |
(4.10) | Guarantee Agreement of Omnicare, Inc. relating to the Series B 4.00% Trust Preferred Income Equity Redeemable Securities of Omnicare Capital Trust II, dated as of March 8, 2005 | | Form 8-K March 9, 2005 |
(10.1) | Annual Incentive Plan for Senior Executive Officers* | | Appendix B to Proxy Statement for 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders dated April 10, 2001 |
(10.2) | 1992 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan* | | Appendix A to Proxy Statement for 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders dated April 10, 2002 |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below | |
| | | | |
(10.3) | 1995 Premium-Priced Stock Option Plan* | | Exhibit A to Proxy Statement for 1995 Annual Meeting of Stockholders dated April 10, 1995 | |
(10.4) | 1998 Long-Term Employee Incentive Plan* | | Form 10-K March 30, 1999 |
(10.5) | Amendment to 1998 Long-Term Employee Incentive Plan, effective November 26, 2002* | | Form 10-K March 27, 2003 |
(10.6) | Director Stock Plan for Members of the Compensation and Incentive Committee* | | Form S-8 December 14, 2001 |
(10.7) | Director Compensation Program Update* | | Form 8-K May 20, 2005 |
(10.8) | Omnicare, Inc. 2004 Stock and Incentive Plan* | | Appendix B to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement for 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed on April 9, 2004 |
(10.9) | Form of Indemnification Agreement with Directors and Officers* | | Form 10-K March 30, 1999 |
(10.10) | Employment Agreement with J.F. Gemunder, dated August 4, 1988* | | Form 10-K March 27, 2003 |
(10.11) | Employment Agreement with C.D. Hodges, dated August 4, 1988* | | Form 10-K March 27, 2003 |
(10.12) | Employment Agreement with P.E. Keefe, dated March 4, 1993* | | Form 10-K March 25, 1994 |
(10.13) | Split Dollar Agreement with E.L. Hutton, dated June 1, 1995, (Agreement in the same form exists with J.F. Gemunder)* | | Form 10-K March 25, 1996 |
(10.14) | Split Dollar Agreement, dated June 1, 1995 (Agreements in the same form exist with the following Executive Officers: C.D. Hodges, P.E. Keefe and J.M. Stamps)* | | Form 10-K March 25, 1996 | |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below |
| | | |
(10.15) | Amended and Restated Omnicare, Inc. Excess Benefit Plan* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(10.16) | Form of Amendment to Employment Agreements with J.F. Gemunder, P.E. Keefe and C.D. Hodges, dated as of February 25, 2000* | | Form 10-K March 30, 2000 |
(10.17) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with J.F. Gemunder, dated as of September 25, 2002* | | Form 10-K March 27, 2003 |
(10.18) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with J.F. Gemunder, dated as of April 6, 2006* | | Form 8-K April 12, 2006 |
(10.19) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with J.F. Gemunder, dated as of December 22, 2008 (Amendments in the same form exist with the following Executive Officers: P.E. Keefe and C.D. Hodges)* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(10.20) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with P. E. Keefe, dated as of April 6, 2006* | | Form 8-K April 12, 2006 |
(10.21) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with C.D. Hodges, dated as of April 6, 2006* | | Form 8-K April 12, 2006 |
(10.22) | Employment Agreement with J.M. Stamps, dated as of June 1, 1999* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(10.23) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with J.M. Stamps, dated as of December 29, 2008* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(10.24) | Employment Agreement with J.L. Workman, dated as of October 21, 2009* | | Filed Herewith |
(10.25) | Form of Stock Option Award Letter* | | Form 8-K December 1, 2004 |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below |
| | | |
(10.26) | Form of Restricted Stock Award Letter (Officers)* | | Filed Herewith |
| | | |
(10.27) | Form of Restricted Stock Award Letter (Employees Other Than Officers)* | | Filed Herewith |
(10.28) | Prime Vendor Agreement with McKesson, dated as of December 23, 2003** | | Form 10-K March 15, 2004 |
(10.29) | Summary of Non-Employee Director Compensation* | | Form 10-K March 16, 2005 |
(10.30) | Credit Agreement, dated as of July 28, 2005, among Omnicare, Inc., as borrower, the lenders named therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as a joint syndication agent, Lehman Brothers Inc., as a joint syndication agent, CIBC World Markets Corp., as a co-documentation agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as a co-documentation agent, Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC, as a co-documentation agent, and SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent. | | Form 8-K August 3, 2005 |
(10.31) | Employment Agreement with L.P. Finn III, dated as of August 21, 1997* | | Form 10-K March 1, 2007 |
(10.32) | Amendment to Employment Agreement with L.P. Finn III, dated as of December 22, 2008* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(10.33) | Letter Agreement, dated February 21, 2008, by and among Omnicare, Inc., ValueAct Capital Master Fund, L.P. and ValueAct Capital Master Fund III, L.P. | | Form 8-K February 22, 2008 |
(10.34) | Amendment to Split Dollar Agreement with J.F. Gemunder, dated December 22, 2008* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
Number and Description of Exhibit (Numbers Coincide with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) | | Document Incorporated by Reference from a Previous Filing, Filed Herewith or Furnished Herewith, as Indicated Below |
| | | |
(10.35) | Amendment to Split Dollar Agreement with D.W. Froesel, Jr., dated December 22, 2008 (Agreements in the same form exist with the following Executive Officers: C.D. Hodges, P.E. Keefe and J.M. Stamps)* | | Form 10-K February 26, 2009 |
(12) | Statement of Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | | Filed Herewith |
(21) | Subsidiaries of Omnicare, Inc. | | Filed Herewith |
(23) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP) | | Filed Herewith |
(24) | Powers of Attorney | | Filed Herewith |
(31.1) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Omnicare, Inc. in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | Filed Herewith |
(31.2) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Omnicare, Inc. in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | | Filed Herewith |
(32.1) | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Omnicare, Inc. in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*** | | Furnished Herewith |
(32.2) | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Omnicare, Inc. in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*** | | Furnished Herewith |
* Indicates management contract or compensatory arrangement.
** Confidential treatment requested as to certain portions, which portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
*** A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Omnicare, Inc. and will be retained by Omnicare, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.