FORM 10-Q
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
(Mark one)
(X) QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005
OR
( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from______ to______
Commission file number 001-15185
CIK number 0000036966
FIRST HORIZON NATIONAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Tennessee | | 62-0803242 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
| (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
|
165 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee | | 38103 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
(901) 523-4444
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year,
if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No____
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
Yes x No____
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)
Yes No x
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, $.625 par value | | 126,002,753 |
Class | Outstanding on September 30, 2005 |
FIRST HORIZON NATIONAL CORPORATION
INDEX
Part I. Financial Information
Part II. Other Information
Signatures
Exhibit Index
2
PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
The Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition
The Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income
The Consolidated Condensed Statements of Shareholders' Equity
The Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
The Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements
This financial information reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented.
3
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION | First Horizon National Corporation |
| | | September 30 | | December 31 |
(Dollars in thousands)(Unaudited) | | | 2005 | 2004 | | 2004 |
Assets: | | | | | | |
Cash and due from banks | | | $ 1,037,352 | $ 810,541 | | $ 638,189 |
Federal funds sold and securities | | | | | | |
purchased under agreements to resell | | | 1,972,318 | 475,295 | | 682,310 |
Total cash and cash equivalents | | | 3,009,670 | 1,285,836 | | 1,320,499 |
Investment in bank time deposits | | | 6,373 | 5,696 | | 5,329 |
Trading securities | | | 2,013,535 | 1,068,585 | | 988,015 |
Loans held for sale | | | 5,158,103 | 3,893,279 | | 5,167,981 |
Securities available for sale | | | 2,841,633 | 1,771,762 | | 2,680,556 |
Securities held to maturity (market value of $391 on September 30, 2005; $559 on |
September 30, 2004; and $457 on December 31, 2004) | | 383 | 541 | | 441 |
Loans, net of unearned income | | | 19,212,110 | 16,403,309 | | 16,427,673 |
Less: Allowance for loan losses | | | 185,029 | 161,856 | | 158,159 |
Total net loans | | | 19,027,081 | 16,241,453 | | 16,269,514 |
Mortgage servicing rights, net | | | 1,210,284 | 966,146 | | 1,036,458 |
Goodwill | | | 309,540 | 184,690 | | 187,200 |
Other intangible assets, net | | | 86,855 | 37,161 | | 34,769 |
Capital markets receivables | | | 1,453,451 | 1,025,806 | | 276,298 |
Premises and equipment, net | | | 411,971 | 369,701 | | 379,359 |
Real estate acquired by foreclosure | | | 27,856 | 32,472 | | 27,777 |
Other assets | | | 1,485,572 | 1,411,597 | | 1,397,487 |
Total assets | | | $ 37,042,307 | $ 28,294,725 | | $ 29,771,683 |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities and shareholders' equity: | | | | | | |
Deposits: | | | | | | |
Checking interest and money market | | | $ 4,331,644 | $ 3,822,912 | | $ 4,220,376 |
Savings | | | 288,903 | 290,128 | | 289,831 |
Certificates of deposit under $100,000 and other time | | 2,338,365 | 2,051,760 | | 2,061,262 |
Certificates of deposit $100,000 and more | | | 12,497,183 | 7,801,248 | | 8,216,176 |
Interest-bearing | | | 19,456,095 | 13,966,048 | | 14,787,645 |
Noninterest-bearing | | | 5,891,479 | 4,956,260 | | 4,994,522 |
Total deposits | | | 25,347,574 | 18,922,308 | | 19,782,167 |
Federal funds purchased and securities | | | | | | |
sold under agreements to repurchase | | | 2,357,973 | 2,152,886 | | 3,247,048 |
Trading liabilities | | | 906,626 | 291,574 | | 426,343 |
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings | | 1,217,904 | 208,924 | | 139,776 |
Term borrowings | | | 2,000,113 | 2,453,510 | | 2,616,368 |
Capital markets payables | | | 1,507,563 | 1,158,991 | | 390,323 |
Other liabilities | | | 1,151,370 | 1,123,398 | | 1,128,217 |
Total liabilities | | | 34,489,123 | 26,311,591 | | 27,730,242 |
Preferred stock of subsidiary | | | 295,274 | 454 | | 458 |
Shareholders' equity | | | | | | |
Preferred stock - no par value (5,000,000 shares authorized, but unissued) | - | - | | - |
Common stock - $.625 par value (shares authorized - 400,000,000; | | | |
shares issued and outstanding - 126,002,753 on September 30, 2005; |
123,127,697 on September 30, 2004; and 123,531,904 on December 31, 2004) | 78,752 | 76,955 | | 77,207 |
Capital surplus | | | 258,951 | 165,212 | | 173,872 |
Undivided profits | | | 1,962,858 | 1,745,759 | | 1,795,853 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net | | | (33,621) | (11,195) | | (9,928) |
Deferred compensation on incentive plans | | | (21,147) | (7,134) | | (8,181) |
Deferred compensation obligation | | | 12,117 | 13,083 | | 12,160 |
Total shareholders' equity | | | 2,257,910 | 1,982,680 | | 2,040,983 |
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | | | $ 37,042,307 | $ 28,294,725 | | $ 29,771,683 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements. |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. |
4
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME | First Horizon National Corporation |
| Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| September 30 | | September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)(Unaudited) | 2005 | 2004 | | 2005 | 2004 |
Interest income: | | | | | |
Interest and fees on loans | $ 299,100 | $ 199,466 | | $ 795,477 | $ 549,074 |
Interest on investment securities | 31,397 | 28,467 | | 92,672 | 81,692 |
Interest on loans held for sale | 111,573 | 56,120 | | 284,555 | 158,828 |
Interest on trading securities | 35,718 | 13,954 | | 101,279 | 37,743 |
Interest on other earning assets | 19,651 | 2,176 | | 46,717 | 4,676 |
Total interest income | 497,439 | 300,183 | | 1,320,700 | 832,013 |
Interest expense: | | | | | |
Interest on deposits: | | | | | |
Savings | 108 | 94 | | 302 | 304 |
Checking interest and money market account | 16,153 | 6,087 | | 41,015 | 16,254 |
Certificates of deposit under $100,000 and other time | 20,466 | 15,923 | | 56,371 | 43,289 |
Certificates of deposit $100,000 and more | 102,061 | 28,161 | | 247,276 | 65,547 |
Interest on trading liabilities | 23,237 | 4,863 | | 60,635 | 14,381 |
Interest on short-term borrowings | 50,619 | 13,500 | | 116,517 | 30,201 |
Interest on term borrowings | 24,634 | 13,305 | | 69,368 | 34,172 |
Total interest expense | 237,278 | 81,933 | | 591,484 | 204,148 |
Net interest income | 260,161 | 218,250 | | 729,216 | 627,865 |
Provision for loan losses | 22,608 | 10,044 | | 51,503 | 36,565 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 237,553 | 208,206 | | 677,713 | 591,300 |
Noninterest income: | | | | | |
Mortgage banking | 140,482 | 105,155 | | 368,237 | 349,987 |
Capital markets | 82,158 | 79,913 | | 272,109 | 300,036 |
Deposit transactions and cash management | 41,268 | 38,624 | | 113,994 | 110,819 |
Merchant processing | 22,680 | 19,299 | | 66,379 | 55,407 |
Insurance commissions | 12,673 | 13,962 | | 40,947 | 44,460 |
Trust services and investment management | 11,299 | 11,838 | | 33,741 | 35,533 |
Gains on divestitures | - | - | | - | 3,800 |
Equity securities (losses)/gains, net | (406) | 5,506 | | (397) | 5,764 |
Debt securities gains, net | - | 14,877 | | - | 18,718 |
All other income and commissions | 59,383 | 38,440 | | 161,312 | 125,514 |
Total noninterest income | 369,537 | 327,614 | | 1,056,322 | 1,050,038 |
Adjusted gross income after provision for loan losses | 607,090 | 535,820 | | 1,734,035 | 1,641,338 |
Noninterest expense: | | | | | |
Employee compensation, incentives and benefits | 261,906 | 210,089 | | 752,956 | 686,741 |
Occupancy | 26,547 | 23,865 | | 77,611 | 66,527 |
Equipment rentals, depreciation and maintenance | 19,668 | 18,713 | | 57,159 | 54,062 |
Operations services | 20,660 | 17,801 | | 59,465 | 49,144 |
Communications and courier | 14,809 | 12,118 | | 41,386 | 37,144 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,598 | 2,165 | | 10,320 | 6,527 |
All other expense | 89,031 | 80,845 | | 251,208 | 221,507 |
Total noninterest expense | 436,219 | 365,596 | | 1,250,105 | 1,121,652 |
Income before income taxes | 170,871 | 170,224 | | 483,930 | 519,686 |
Provision for income taxes | 54,674 | 56,623 | | 155,819 | 168,430 |
Net income | $ 116,197 | $ 113,601 | | $ 328,111 | $ 351,256 |
Earnings per common share (Note 7) | $ .92 | $ .91 | | $ 2.62 | $ 2.81 |
Diluted earnings per common share (Note 7) | $ .90 | $ .89 | | $ 2.55 | $ 2.73 |
Weighted average shares outstanding (Note 7) | 125,837,538 | 124,282,776 | | 125,170,708 | 124,846,744 |
Diluted weighted average shares (Note 7) | 129,359,395 | 127,845,448 | | 128,773,307 | 128,677,169 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements. | | | |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. | |
5
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | First Horizon National Corporation |
(Dollars in thousands)(Unaudited) | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Balance, January 1 | | $ 2,040,983 | | $ 1,890,318 |
Net income | | 328,111 | | 351,256 |
Other comprehensive income: | | | | |
Unrealized market adjustments, net of tax | | (23,693) | | (11,877) |
Comprehensive income | | 304,418 | | 339,379 |
Cash dividends declared | | (161,104) | | (148,261) |
Common stock issued for exercise of stock options | 36,363 | | 59,513 |
Tax benefit from non-qualified stock options | | 5,209 | | 15,038 |
Common stock repurchased | | (488) | | (184,102) |
Common stock issued for acquisition of Greenwich Home Mortgage Corp. | 3,895 | | - |
Common stock issued for acquisition of West Metro Financial Services, Inc. | 20,998 | | - |
Amortization on deferred incentive plans | | 6,037 | | 2,892 |
Other | | 1,599 | | 7,903 |
Balance, September 30 | | $ 2,257,910 | | $ 1,982,680 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements. |
6
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS | First Horizon National Corporation |
| | | Nine Months Ended September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands)(Unaudited) | | 2005 | 2004 |
Operating | Net income | | $ 328,111 | $ 351,256 |
Activities | Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided/(used) by operating activities: |
| Provision for loan losses | | 51,503 | 36,565 |
| Provision for deferred income tax | | 32,936 | 56,347 |
| Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment | | 38,303 | 46,256 |
| Amortization and impairment of mortgage servicing rights | | 178,363 | 139,515 |
| Amortization of intangible assets | | 10,320 | 6,527 |
| Net other amortization and accretion | | 69,011 | 46,132 |
| Decrease in derivatives, net | | 104,709 | 122,909 |
| Market value adjustment on foreclosed property | | 5,005 | 1,604 |
| Equity securities losses/(gains), net | | 397 | (5,764) |
| Debt securities (gains), net | | - | (18,718) |
| Net losses on disposal of fixed assets | | 140 | 105 |
| Net (increase)/decrease in: | | | |
| Trading securities | | (336,344) | (268,095) |
| Loans held for sale | | 32,750 | (404,279) |
| Capital markets receivables | | (1,177,153) | (428,385) |
| Interest receivable | | (49,819) | (15,078) |
| Other assets | | (508,360) | (574,748) |
| Net increase/(decrease) in: | | | |
| Capital markets payables | | 1,117,240 | 454,090 |
| Interest payable | | 47,454 | 11,514 |
| Other liabilities | | (72,923) | 121,493 |
| Trading liabilities | | 480,283 | 163,857 |
| Total adjustments | | 23,815 | (508,153) |
| Net cash provided/(used) by operating activities | | 351,926 | (156,897) |
Investing | Maturities of held to maturity securities | | 59 | 489 |
Activities | Available for sale securities: | | | |
| Sales | | 56,844 | 1,280,974 |
| Maturities | | 327,646 | 350,822 |
| Purchases | | (581,159) | (929,054) |
| Premises and equipment: | | | |
| Sales | | 739 | 680 |
| Purchases | | (67,781) | (56,478) |
| Net increase in loans | | (2,732,645) | (3,002,079) |
| Net increase in investment in bank time deposits | | (1,044) | (5,198) |
| Acquisitions, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired | | (841,950) | - |
| Net cash used by investing activities | | (3,839,291) | (2,359,844) |
Financing | Common stock: | | | |
Activities | Exercise of stock options | | 36,543 | 60,322 |
| Cash dividends paid | | (159,961) | (149,308) |
| Repurchase of shares | | (488) | (184,224) |
| Term borrowings: | | | |
| Issuance | | 300,000 | 1,107,236 |
| Payments | | (901,574) | (385,502) |
| Issuance of preferred stock of subsidiary | | 295,400 | - |
| Net increase/(decrease) in: | | | |
| Deposits | | 5,440,940 | 3,050,907 |
| Short-term borrowings | | 165,676 | (851,648) |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | | 5,176,536 | 2,647,783 |
| Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | 1,689,171 | 131,042 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | 1,320,499 | 1,154,794 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ 3,009,670 | $ 1,285,836 |
| Total interest paid | | $ 543,315 | $ 191,959 |
| Total income taxes paid | | 117,451 | 121,777 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements. | | | |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. | |
7
Note 1 - Financial Information
The unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements of First Horizon National Corporation (FHN), including its subsidiaries, have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and follow general practices within the industries in which it operates. This preparation requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements and could differ from actual results. In the opinion of management, all necessary adjustments have been made for a fair presentation of financial position and results of operations for t he periods presented. The operating results for the interim 2005 periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected going forward. For further information, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements in the 2004 Annual Report to shareholders.
Stock options. FHN accounts for its employee stock-based compensation plans under the intrinsic value based method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." The following pro forma presentation of net income and earnings per share is determined utilizing various assumptions and estimates and is based on stock compensation plan provisions in effect during the reportable period and may not reflect the actual impact of adopting a fair value based method of accounting for stock options. Had compensation cost for these plans been determined consistent with Statement of Financial Accounting Standa rds (SFAS) No. 123, FHN's net income and earnings per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts provided in the table below.
| | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| | September 30 | | September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands except per share data) | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Net income, as reported | | $ 116,197 | | $ 113,601 | | $ 328,111 | | $ 351,256 |
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in | | | | | | | | |
reported net income, net of related tax effects | | 566 | | 811 | | 1,853 | | 3,695 |
Less: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined | | | | | | | |
under the fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects | | 3,819 | | 3,081 | | 11,186 | | 10,419 |
Pro forma net income | | $ 112,944 | | $ 111,331 | | $ 318,778 | | $ 344,532 |
| | | | | | | | |
Earnings per share, as reported | | $ .92 | | $ .91 | | $ 2.62 | | $ 2.81 |
Pro forma earnings per share | | .90 | | .90 | | 2.55 | | 2.76 |
Diluted earnings per share, as reported | | .90 | | .89 | | 2.55 | | 2.73 |
Pro forma diluted earnings per share | | .87 | | .87 | | 2.47 | | 2.68 |
For all stock option awards accounted for under APB No. 25 and disclosed under SFAS No. 123, FHN permits vesting of the option to continue after retirement. To account for its stock option awards FHN uses the nominal vesting period approach. Under the nominal vesting period approach, awards granted to employees near retirement eligibility are expensed over the option's normal vesting period until an employee's actual retirement date, at which point all remaining unamortized compensation expense is immediately accelerated. Awards granted after the adoption of SFAS No. 123-R will be amortized using the nonsubstantive vesting methodology. The nonsubstantive vesting methodology requires an option's value to be reco gnized over a period ending no later than an employee's retirement eligibility date. Had FHN followed the nonsubstantive vesting period method for all awards previously granted, the effect of the change in expense attribution on the above pro forma diluted earnings per share amounts would have been negligible. Since FHN accounts for its option grants under APB No. 25, the use of the nominal vesting methodology had no impact on the earnings per share amounts presented in the accompanying statements of income.
Trading activities. Securities purchased in connection with underwriting or dealer activities (long positions) are carried at market value as trading securities. Gains and losses, both realized and unrealized, on these securities are reflected in capital markets noninterest income. Trading liabilities include securities that FHN has sold to other parties but does not own (short positions). FHN is obligated to purchase securities at a future date to cover the short positions. Assets and liabilities for unsettled trades are record ed on the balance sheet as capital markets receivables or capital markets payables. In addition, retained interests, in the form of interest-only and principal-only strips, from mortgage banking securitizations are recognized at fair value as trading securities with gains and losses both realized and unrealized, recognized in mortgage banking income.
Derivative financial instruments. FHN utilizes, through its mortgage banking, capital markets and risk management operations, various derivative financial instruments, which include interest rate forward contracts, interest rate floors and caps, options and interest rate swap agreements, as part of its risk management strategy and as a means to meet customers' needs. These instruments are subject to credit and
8
Note 1 - Financial Information (continued)
market risks. Controls and monitoring procedures for these instruments have been established and are routinely reevaluated. The Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO) monitors the usage and effectiveness of these derivative financial instruments. ALCO, in conjunction with credit officers, also periodically reviews counterparty creditworthiness.
Credit risk represents the maximum potential loss due to possible non-performance by obligors and counterparties under the terms of contracts. FHN manages credit risk by entering into financial instrument transactions through national exchanges, primary dealers or approved counterparties, and using mutual margining agreements whenever possible to limit potential exposure. With exchange-traded contracts, the credit risk is limited to the clearinghouse used. For non-exchange traded instruments, credit risk may occur when there is a gain in the fair value of the financial instrument and the counterparty fails to perform according to the terms of the contract and/or when the collateral proves to be of insufficient value.
Market risk represents the potential loss due to the decrease in the value of a financial instrument caused primarily by changes in interest rates, mortgage loan prepayment speeds or the prices of debt instruments.
Interest rate forward contracts are over-the-counter contracts where two parties agree to purchase and sell a specific quantity of a financial instrument at a specified price, with delivery or settlement at a specified date. Futures contracts are exchange-traded contracts where two parties agree to purchase and sell a specific quantity of a financial instrument at a specific price, with delivery or settlement at a specified date. Interest rate option contracts give the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specified quantity of a financial instrument, at a specified price, during a specified period of time. Caps and floors are options that are linked to a notional principal amount and an underlying indexed interest rate. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange of interest payments at specified intervals between two parties without the exchange of any underlying principal. Notional amounts are used in such contracts to calculate interest payments and do not represent credit exposure. Exposure to interest rate contracts will increase or decrease as interest rates fluctuate.
Derivative instruments are recorded on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition as other assets or other liabilities measured at fair value. Fair value is defined as the amount FHN would receive or pay in the market to replace the derivatives as of the valuation date. Fair value is determined using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. Changes in the instrument's fair value are recognized currently in earnings or other comprehensive income. If certain criteria are met and hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133 is achieved, changes in the fair value of the asset or liability being hedged are also recognized currently in earnings. Cash flows from derivative contracts are rep orted as operating activities on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows.
Mortgage Banking
Mortgage banking interest rate lock commitments are short-term commitments to fund mortgage loan applications in process (the pipeline) for a fixed term at a fixed price. During the term of an interest rate lock commitment, First Horizon Home Loans has the risk that interest rates will change from the rate quoted to the borrower. First Horizon Home Loans enters into forward sales contracts with respect to fixed rate loan commitments and futures contracts with respect to adjustable rate loan commitments as economic hedges designed to protect the value of the interest rate lock commitments from changes in value due to changes in interest rates. Under SFAS No. 133 interest rate lock commitments qualify as derivative financial instruments and as such do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. As a result, the interest rate lock commitments are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings as gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income. See Accounting Changes section for impact of SAB No. 105 on the valuation of interest rate lock commitments. Changes in the fair value of the derivatives that serve as economic hedges of interest rate lock commitments are also included in current earnings as a component of gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
First Horizon Home Loan Corporation's (First Horizon Home Loans) warehouse (mortgage loans held for sale) is subject to changes in fair value, primarily due to fluctuations in interest rates from the loan closing date through the date of sale of the loan into the secondary market. Typically, the fair value of the warehouse declines in value when interest rates increase and rises in value when interest rates decrease. To mitigate this risk, First Horizon Home Loans enters into forward sales contracts and futures contracts to provide an economic hedge against those changes in fair value on a significant portion of the warehouse. These derivatives are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings as a component of the gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
To the extent that these interest rate derivatives are designated to hedge specific similar assets in the warehouse and prospective analyses indicate that high correlation is expected, the hedged loans qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133. If the regression analysis does not show consistently strong correlation, hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133 is not attempted. Anticipated correlation is determined based on historical regressions between the change in fair value of the derivatives and the change in fair value of the hedged mortgage
9
Note 1 - Financial Information (continued)
loans. Hedges are reset daily and the statistical correlation is calculated using these daily data points which are accumulated monthly. Retrospective hedge effectiveness is measured monthly using the regression correlation at the end of the month. First Horizon Home Loans generally maintains a coverage ratio (the ratio of expected change in the fair value of derivatives to expected change in the fair value of hedged assets) of approximately 100 percent on warehouse loans accounted for under SFAS No. 133. Effective SFAS No. 133 hedging results in adjustments to the recorded value of those hedged loans which adjustments are included as a component of the gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
Warehouse loans qualifying for SFAS No. 133 hedge accounting treatment totaled $501.1 million and $641.6 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The balance sheet impact of the related derivatives was a net asset of $2.1 million and a net liability $4.6 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For third quarter 2005 and 2004, net gains of $.4 million and net losses of $6.5 million, respectively, representing the hedge ineffectiveness for these fair value hedges were recognized as a component of gain or loss on sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
First Horizon Home Loans also enters into interest rate contracts (including swaps, swaptions, and mortgage forward sales contracts) to hedge against the effects of changes in fair value of its mortgage servicing rights (MSR) due solely to changes in the benchmark interest rate (10-year LIBOR swap rate). All capitalized MSR are hedged for economic purposes with the vast majority of MSR routinely qualifying for hedge accounting. For purposes of measuring effectiveness of the hedge, time decay and recognized net interest income, including changes in value attributable to changes in spot and forward prices, if applicable, are excluded from the change in value of the related derivatives. Interest rate derivative contracts used to hedge against interest rate risk in the servicing portfolio are designated to specific risk tranches of servicing. First Horizon Home Loans enters into hed ges of the MSR to minimize the effects of loss in value of MSR associated with increased prepayment activity that generally results from declining interest rates. In a rising interest rate environment, the value of the MSR generally will increase while the value of the hedge instruments will decline. Hedges are reset at least monthly and more frequently, as needed, to respond to changes in interest rates or hedge composition. Generally, a coverage ratio approximating 100 percent is maintained on hedged MSR. Prior to acquiring a new hedge instrument, First Horizon Home Loans performs a prospective evaluation of anticipated hedge effectiveness by reviewing the historical regression between the underlying index of the proposed hedge instrument and the mortgage rate. At the end of each hedge period, the change in the fair value of the hedged MSR asset due to the change in benchmark interest rate is calculated and becomes a historical data point. Retrospective hedge effectiveness is determined by performing a reg ression analysis of all collected data points over a rolling 12-month period. Effective hedging under SFAS No. 133 results in adjustments to the recorded value of the MSR. These basis adjustments, as well as the change in fair value of derivatives attributable to effective hedging, are included as a component of servicing income in mortgage banking noninterest income.
Pursuant to SFAS No. 133, the basis in MSR that qualify for hedge accounting are adjusted for the impact of hedge performance. MSR subject to SFAS No. 133 hedges totaled $1.2 billion and $1.0 billion on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Related derivative net assets were $4.5 million and $93.9 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For third quarter 2005 and 2004, SFAS No. 133 hedge ineffectiveness was a net loss of $3.7 million and a net gain of $16.3 million, respectively. These amounts were recognized as a component of net servicing income in mortgage ba nking noninterest income. Included in these amounts was a net loss of $1.1 million and a net gain of $9.4 million in third quarter 2005 and 2004, respectively, representing recognized net interest income net of time decay on various hedges, which were excluded for purposes of measuring hedge effectiveness. The remaining ineffectiveness was a net loss of $2.6 million and a net gain of $6.9 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
First Horizon Home Loans uses different MSR stratification for purposes of determining hedge effectiveness pursuant to SFAS No. 133 and impairment testing pursuant to SFAS No. 140. The hedge results under SFAS No. 133 are allocated at a loan level and the loans are then aggregated into the SFAS No. 140 strata. This adjusted MSR basis is subsequently compared to the full fair value of the MSR to test for asset impairment. MSR basis is reduced to the extent that adjusted basis exceeds fair value. This reduction in basis as a result of impairment is a component of servicing income in mortgage banking noninterest income.
First Horizon Home Loans utilizes derivatives (including swaps, swaptions, and mortgage forward sales contracts) that change in value inversely to the movement of interest rates to protect the value of its interest-only securities as an economic hedge. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are recognized currently in earnings in mortgage banking noninterest income as a component of servicing income. Interest-only securities are included in trading securities with changes in fair value recognized currently in earnings in mortgage banking noninterest income as a component of servicing income.
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Note 1 - Financial Information (continued)
Capital Markets
Capital markets trades U.S. Treasury, U.S. Agency, mortgage-backed, corporate and municipal fixed income securities and other securities for distribution to customers. When these securities settle on a delayed basis, they are considered forward contracts. Capital markets also enters into interest rate contracts, including options, caps, swaps, futures and floors for its customers. These transactions are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized currently in capital markets noninterest income.
Interest Rate Risk Management
FHN's ALCO focuses on managing risk by controlling and limiting earnings volatility attributable to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk exists to the extent that interest-earning assets and liabilities have different maturity or repricing characteristics. FHN uses derivatives, including swaps, caps, options, and collars, that are designed to moderate the impact on earnings as interest rates change. FHN's interest rate risk management policy is to use derivatives not to speculate but to hedge interest rate risk or market value of assets or liabilities.
FHN has entered into pay floating, receive fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the interest rate risk of certain large institutional certificates of deposit, totaling $211.1 million on September 30, 2005, and certain long-term debt obligations, totaling $1.2 billion and $.8 billion on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These swaps qualify as fair value hedges and meet all conditions necessary to assume effectiveness has been established and no ineffectiveness exists. The balance sheet impact of these swaps was $5.6 million in other assets and $19.1 million in other liabilities on September 30, 2005 and was $15.4 million in other assets and $.9 million in other liabilities on September 30, 2004. Interest paid or received for these swaps is recognized as an adjustment of the interest expense of the liabilities whose risk is being managed. In addition, F HN has entered into certain interest rate swaps and caps as a part of our relationship with loan customers. These derivatives are not designated as hedging instruments and are entered into as part of a product offering to our commercial customers with customer derivatives paired with offsetting market instruments that, when completed, are designed to eliminate market risk. These contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting and are measured at fair value with gains or losses included in current earnings in noninterest income.
Other disclosures - Indemnification agreements and guarantees. In the ordinary course of business, FHN enters into indemnification agreements for legal proceedings against its directors and officers and standard representation warranties for underwriting agreements, merger and acquisition agreements, sold loans and other similar types of arrangements. It is not possible to estimate a maximum potential amount of payouts that could be required with such agreements. FHN purchases directors and officers liability insurance to provide reimbursement of corporate indemnification and to protect directors and officers for certain non-indemnified losses.
First Horizon Home Loans services a mortgage loan portfolio of $93.6 billion as of September 30, 2005, a significant portion of which is held by Government Sponsored Enterprises (GSE) or private security holders. In connection with its servicing activities, First Horizon Home Loans guarantees the receipt of the scheduled principal and interest payments on the underlying loans. In the event of customer non-performance on the loan, First Horizon Home Loans is obligated to make the payment to the security holder. Under the terms of the servicing agreements, First Horizon Home Loans can utilize payments received from other prepaid loans in order to make the security holder whole. In the event payments are ultimatel y made by First Horizon Home Loans to satisfy this obligation, for loans sold with no recourse, all funds are recoverable from the GSE or private security holders at foreclosure sale.
First Horizon Home Loans is also subject to losses in its loan servicing portfolio due to loan foreclosures and other recourse obligations. Certain agencies have the authority to limit their repayment guarantees on foreclosed loans resulting in certain foreclosure costs being borne by servicers. In addition, First Horizon Home Loans has exposure on all loans sold with recourse. First Horizon Home Loans has various claims for reimbursement, repurchase obligations, and/or indemnification requests outstanding with government agencies or private investors. First Horizon Home Loans has sold certain mortgage loans with an agreement to repurchase the loans upon default. As of September 30, 2005 and 2004, Firs t Horizon Home Loans had single-family residential loans with outstanding balances of $171.1 million and $190.1 million, respectively, which were sold on a recourse basis. For the single-family residential loans, in the event of borrower nonperformance, First Horizon Home Loans would assume losses to the extent they exceed the value of the collateral and private mortgage insurance, FHA insurance or VA guarantees. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, $3.2 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, of mortgage loans were outstanding which were sold under limited recourse arrangements where some portion of the principal is at risk. First Horizon Home Loans has evaluated all of its exposure under recourse obligations based on factors, which include loan delinquency status, foreclosure expectancy rates and claims outstanding. Acc ordingly, First Horizon Home Loans had foreclosure reserves on the mortgage-servicing portfolio of approximately $16.8 million and $18.0 million as of September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. While the servicing portfolio has grown from $81.6 billion on September 30, 2004 to $93.6 billion on September 30, 2005, the foreclosure reserve has decreased primarily due to a reduction in the recourse portfolio.
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Note 1 - Financial Information (continued)
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by FHN to guarantee the performance and/or payment of a customer to a third party in connection with specified transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing these commitments is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers, as performance under any of the facilities would result in a loan being funded to the customer. Standby letters of credit outstanding as of September 30, 2005 and 2004, were $660.4 million and $563.5 million, respectively.
Accounting changes. Effective January 1, 2005, FHN adopted SOP 03-3, "Accounting for Loans or Certain Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer", which modifies the accounting for certain loans that are acquired with evidence of deterioration in credit quality since origination. SOP 03-3 does not apply to loans recorded at fair value or to mortgage loans classified as held for sale. SOP 03-3 limits the yield that may be accreted on applicable loans to the excess of the cash flows expected, at acquisition, to be collected over the investor's initial investment in the loan. SOP 03-3 also prohibits the " carrying over" of valuation allowances on applicable loans. The ongoing impact of adopting SOP 03-3 is expected to be immaterial to the results of operations.
In September 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) approved issuance of Staff Position ("FSP") EITF 03-1-1, "Effective Date of Paragraphs 10 through 20 of EITF Issue No. 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments" (EITF 03-1). FSP EITF 03-1-1 delays the effective date of paragraphs 10 through 20 of EITF 03-1 as they relate to recognition of other-than-temporary impairment for cost method and marketable investments. The FASB recently discussed a staff position that will replace the recognition guidance of EITF 03-1. The new staff position is expected to reference existing GAAP and, therefore, should not impact FHN's current accounting for other-than-temporary impairment of investments. Effective July 1, 2004, FHN adopted all other provisions of EITF 03-1, including measurement guidance for evaluating whether impairment has occurred for marketable securities and cost method investments. Adoption of these requirements did not have a material effect on the results of operations.
On July 1, 2004, FHN adopted FSP FAS 106-2, "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003". FSP FAS 106-2 requires a plan sponsor to determine if benefits offered through a postretirement health care plan are actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. If benefits are determined to be actuarially equivalent, the resulting effect on the plan's obligations should be reflected as an actuarial gain in determining the plan's accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. The impact of adopting FSP FAS 106-2 was immaterial to FHN.
In April 2004, FHN adopted SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 105 (SAB No. 105), "Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments". SAB No. 105 prohibits the inclusion of estimated servicing cash flows and internally-developed intangible assets within the valuation of interest rate lock commitments under SFAS No. 133. SAB No. 105 also requires disclosure of a registrant's methods of accounting for interest rate lock commitments recognized under SFAS No. 133 and associated hedging strategies, if applicable. SAB No. 105 is effective for disclosures and interest rate lock commitments initiated after March 31, 2004. The adoption of SAB No. 105 resulted in an accounting change in second quarter 200 4 and lowered earnings by $8.4 million. Since prior periods are not restated, this accounting change results in a varying impact on comparability with prior periods. However, the ongoing economic value of FHN's business is not affected.
On March 31, 2004, FHN adopted FASB Interpretation No. 46 (FIN 46-R), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (revised December 2003)". FIN 46-R clarifies certain aspects of FIN 46 and provides certain entities with exemptions from the requirements of FIN 46. Additionally, FIN 46-R incorporates the guidance found in eight final FASB Staff Positions (FSP) that had been issued prior to its release. FIN 46-R requires the consolidation by a business enterprise of variable interest entities (VIE) in which it is the primary beneficiary. FIN 46-R also require d the adoption of FIN 46, as of December 31, 2003, for all entities previously considered as special purpose entities and for all VIE created after January 31, 2003. Upon adoption of FIN 46-R, FHN reassessed certain of its nonconsolidated interests as VIE but did not meet the criteria of primary beneficiary and, therefore, has not consolidated any material VIE, including First Tennessee Capital I (Capital I) and First Tennessee Capital II (Capital II).
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Note 1 - Financial Information (continued)
Accounting changes issued but not currently effective. In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections" (SFAS No. 154), which requires retrospective application of voluntary changes in accounting principle. A change in accounting principle mandated by new accounting pronouncements should follow the transition method specified by the new guidance. However, if transition guidance is not otherwise specified, SFAS No. 154's retrospective application requirement will apply. SFAS No. 154 does not alter the accounting requirement for changes in estimates (prospective) and error corrections (restatement). SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.
FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations" (FIN No. 47) was issued in March 2005. FIN No. 47 requires recognition of a liability at the time of acquisition or construction for assets that will require certain remediation expenditures when the assets are removed from service. FIN No. 47 clarifies that future expenses to remove asbestos from buildings should be estimated and accrued as a liability at the time of acquisition with an offset to increase the cost of the associated structure. FHN currently owns certain buildings that contain asbestos. As a result of adopting FIN No. 47, FHN will increase the value of its recorded tangible assets at the time it recog nizes the associated conditional retirement obligation. The retirement liability is accreted through interest expense to the estimated payouts that would be made in the future if settlement of the liability were to occur. Previously, FHN did not accrue any retirement liability for the expected retirement costs on these buildings due to the uncertainty associated with the timing and amount of payment. FIN No. 47 is effective no later than the end of fiscal 2005.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment" (SFAS No. 123-R), which requires recognition of expense over the requisite service period for awards of share-based compensation to employees. Due to SEC action in April 2005, the mandatory adoption date for SFAS No. 123-R was moved to January 1, 2006 with earlier adoption permitted. As permitted by the original SFAS No. 123, FHN has accounted for its equity awards under the provisions of APB No. 25. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, the grant date fair value of an award will be used to measure the compensation expense recognized for the award. For unvested awards granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, the fa ir values utilized will equal the values used in preparation of the disclosures required under the original SFAS No. 123. Compensation expense recognized after adoption of SFAS No. 123-R will incorporate an estimate of awards expected to ultimately vest, which requires estimation of forfeitures as well as projections related to the satisfaction of performance conditions that determine vesting. Upon initial adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, FHN is required to reclassify deferred compensation debit balances included in shareholders' equity to capital surplus and to make a cumulative effect entry for outstanding unvested awards that are not expected to vest due to anticipated forfeiture. As permitted by SFAS No. 123-R, FHN intends to retroactively apply the provisions of SFAS No. 123-R to its prior period financial statements.
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Note 2 - Acquisitions/Divestitures
On August 26, 2005, FHN acquired West Metro Financial Services Inc. (West Metro), a Georgia bank holding company. West Metro was merged with and into FHN. At the same time West Metro's subsidiary, First National Bank West Metro, with total assets of approximately $135 million, loans of approximately $115 million, and deposits of approximately $120 million, was merged with and into First Tennessee Bank National Association (FTBNA). Total consideration of $32 million, consisting of approximately $11 million in cash and $21 million in FHN shares (approximately 518,000 shares of common stock), exceeded the estimated fair value of tangible assets and liabilities acquired by approximately $19 million. Intangible assets totaling approximately $2 million have been identified and are being amortized over their expected useful lives. The acquisition was immaterial to FHN.
On April 1, 2005, FTBNA acquired substantially all of the assets of MSAver Resources, L.L.C. of Overland Park, Kansas, a national leader in administering health savings accounts. The acquisition was immaterial to FHN.
On March 1, 2005, First Horizon Home Loan Corporation, a subsidiary of FTBNA, acquired Greenwich Home Mortgage Corporation of Cedar Knolls, New Jersey, for an initial payment of approximately $7.8 million in cash and FHN common stock. Net assets purchased, combined with the operating performance of the acquired business, will impact future payments owed to the sellers. The acquisition was immaterial to FHN.
On January 7, 2005, FHN's capital markets division, FTN Financial, completed the acquisition of the assets and operations of the fixed income business of Spear, Leeds & Kellogg (SLK), a division of Goldman Sachs & Co. for approximately $150.0 million in cash. The acquisition was immaterial to FHN.
On December 31, 2004, Synaxis Group, Inc., a subsidiary of FTBNA, completed the sale of substantially all the assets of Mann, Smith & Cummings, Inc. of Clarksville, TN. This transaction resulted in a divestiture gain of $1.2 million.
On September 23, 2004, FTN Midwest Securities Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of FTBNA, acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of Alterity Partners, LLC, a mergers and acquisitions advisory services company based in New York, New York, for approximately $8.0 million in cash. The acquisition was immaterial to FHN.
On June 29, 2004, First Horizon Merchant Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of FTBNA, recognized a divestiture gain of $1.8 million resulting from the sale of certain merchant relationships to Humboldt Merchant Services, LP, of Eureka, California (an affiliate of First National Bank of Nevada, Reno, Nevada). In addition, in first quarter 2004 a divestiture gain of $2.0 million resulted from an earn-out on the 2003 sale of certain merchant relationships referred by selected agent banks within the merchant portfolio to NOVA Information Systems, Inc., a subsidiary of U.S. Bancorp.
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Note 3 - Loans | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
The composition of the loan portfolio is detailed below: | | | | | | |
| | | | | September 30 | | December 31 |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2004 |
Commercial: | | | | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and industrial | | $ 6,354,815 | | $ 5,097,027 | | $ 5,560,736 |
Real estate commercial | | | 1,171,606 | | 931,450 | | 960,178 |
Real estate construction | | | 1,849,075 | | 1,027,206 | | 1,208,703 |
Retail: | | | | | | | | |
Real estate residential | | | 7,603,249 | | 8,081,420 | | 7,244,716 |
Real estate construction | | | 1,814,632 | | 845,442 | | 1,035,562 |
Other retail | | | 170,684 | | 175,605 | | 168,806 |
Credit card receivables | | | 248,049 | | 245,159 | | 248,972 |
Loans, net of unearned income | | | 19,212,110 | | 16,403,309 | | 16,427,673 |
Allowance for loan losses | | | 185,029 | | 161,856 | | 158,159 |
Total net loans | | | | $ 19,027,081 | | $ 16,241,453 | | $ 16,269,514 |
| | | | | | | | |
The following table presents information concerning nonperforming loans: |
| | | | | September 30 | | December 31 |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2004 |
Impaired loans | | | | $ 34,243 | | $ 39,162 | | $ 34,831 |
Other nonaccrual loans* | | | 16,861 | | 13,750 | | 14,729 |
Total nonperforming loans | | | $ 51,104 | | $ 52,912 | | $ 49,560 |
* On September 30, 2005 and 2004, and on December 31, 2004, other nonaccrual loans included $11.9 million, $7.4 million, and $8.5 million, respectively, of loans held for sale. |
| | | | | | | | |
Nonperforming loans consist of impaired loans and other nonaccrual loans. An impaired loan is a loan that management believes the contractual amount due probably will not be collected. Impaired loans are generally carried on a nonaccrual status. Nonaccrual loans are loans on which interest accruals have been discontinued due to the borrower's financial difficulties. Management may elect to continue the accrual of interest when the estimated net realizable value of collateral is sufficient to recover the principal balance and accrued interest. |
| | | | | | | | |
Generally, interest payments received on impaired loans are applied to principal. Once all principal has been received, additional payments are recognized as interest income on a cash basis. The following table presents information concerning impaired loans: |
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30 | | Nine Months Ended September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands) | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Total interest on impaired loans | $ 454 | | $ 352 | | $ 910 | | $ 540 |
Average balance of impaired loans | 34,353 | | 39,307 | | 35,686 | | 36,648 |
| | | | | | | | |
An allowance for loan losses is maintained for all impaired loans. Activity in the allowance for loan losses related to non-impaired loans, impaired loans, and for the total allowance for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, is summarized as follows: |
| | | | | | | | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | Non-impaired | | Impaired | | Total |
Balance on December 31, 2003 | | | $ 149,153 | | $ 11,180 | | $ 160,333 |
Loans transferred to held for sale | | | (3,677) | | - | | (3,677) |
Provision for loan losses | | | 30,430 | | 6,135 | | 36,565 |
Charge-offs | | | | (35,509) | | (7,378) | | (42,887) |
Recoveries | | | | 9,815 | | 1,707 | | 11,522 |
Net charge-offs | | | | (25,694) | | (5,671) | | (31,365) |
Balance on September 30, 2004 | | | $ 150,212 | | $ 11,644 | | $ 161,856 |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance on December 31, 2004 | | | $ 147,672 | | $ 10,487 | | $ 158,159 |
Provision for loan losses | | | 48,435 | | 3,068 | | 51,503 |
Acquisition | | | | 1,902 | | - | | 1,902 |
Charge-offs | | | | (30,265) | | (7,299) | | (37,564) |
Recoveries | | | | 7,919 | | 3,110 | | 11,029 |
Net charge-offs | | | | (22,346) | | (4,189) | | (26,535) |
Balance on September 30, 2005 | | | $ 175,663 | | $ 9,366 | | $ 185,029 |
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Note 4 - Mortgage Servicing Rights
Following is a summary of changes in capitalized MSR, net of accumulated amortization, included in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition:
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | |
Balance on December 31, 2003 | | | | | | | | $ 795,938 |
Addition of mortgage servicing rights | | | | | | | | 337,428 |
Amortization | | | | | | | | (111,942) |
Market value adjustments | | | | | | | | (27,705) |
Permanent impairment | | | | | | | | (56,817) |
Change in valuation allowance | | | | | | | | 29,244 |
Balance on September 30, 2004 | | | | | | | | $ 966,146 |
Balance on December 31, 2004 | | | | | | | | $ 1,036,458 |
Addition of mortgage servicing rights | | | | | | | | 314,737 |
Amortization | | | | | | | | (144,492) |
Market value adjustments | | | | | | | | 37,452 |
Permanent impairment | | | | | | | | (36,613) |
Change in valuation allowance | | | | | | | | 2,742 |
Balance on September 30, 2005 | | | | | | | | $ 1,210,284 |
The MSR on September 30, 2005 and 2004, had estimated market values of approximately $1,229.5 million and $985.5 million, respectively. These balances represent the rights to service approximately $91.3 billion and $78.4 billion of mortgage loans on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, for which a servicing right has been capitalized. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, valuation allowances due to temporary impairment of $1.5 million and $7.2 million were required, respectively. Following is a rollforward of the valuation allowance as of September 30, 2005 and 2004:
Balance on December 31, 2003 | | | | | | | | $ 36,468 |
Permanent impairment | | | | | | | | (56,817) |
Servicing valuation provision | | | | | | | | 27,573 |
Balance on September 30, 2004 | | | | | | | | $ 7,224 |
Balance on December 31, 2004 | | | | | | | | $ 4,231 |
Permanent impairment | | | | | | | | (36,613) |
Servicing valuation provision | | | | | | | | 33,871 |
Balance on September 30, 2005 | | | | | | | | $ 1,489 |
Estimated MSR amortization expense for the twelve-month periods ending September 30, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 is $170.5 million, $141.5 million, $119.7 million, $100.6 million and $84.5 million, respectively. The assumptions underlying these estimates are subject to modification based on changes in market conditions and portfolio behavior (such as prepayment speeds). As a result, these estimates are subject to change in a manner and amount that is not presently determinable by management.
For purposes of impairment evaluation and measurement, the MSR are stratified based on the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans. These strata currently include adjustable- and fixed-rate loans and geographic risk characteristics. The MSR are amortized over the period of and in proportion to the estimated net servicing revenues. A quarterly impairment analysis is performed using a discounted cash flow methodology that is disaggregated by predominant risk characteristics. Impairment, if any, is recognized through a valuation allowance for individual strata. However, if the impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, a direct write-off of the asset is made.
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Note 5 - Intangible Assets
Following is a summary of intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, included in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition:
| | | | | Other | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Intangible | | | | | | | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | Goodwill | Assets* | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2003 | | | | $ 174,807 | $ 38,742 | | | | | | | |
Amortization expense | | | | - | (6,527) | | | | | | | |
Acquisitions** | | | | 9,883 | 4,946 | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2004 | | | | $ 184,690 | $ 37,161 | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2004 | | | | $ 187,200 | $ 34,769 | | | | | | | |
Amortization expense | | | | - | (10,320) | | | | | | | |
Acquisitions** | | | | 122,340 | 62,406 | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2005 | | | | $ 309,540 | $ 86,855 | | | | | | | |
* Represents customer lists, premium on purchased deposits, covenants not to compete, and assets related to the minimum pension liability. | |
** Preliminary purchase price allocations on acquisitions are based upon estimates of fair value and are subject to change. | |
The gross carrying amount of other intangible assets subject to amortization is $159.4 million on September 30, 2005, net of $72.5 million of accumulated amortization. Estimated aggregate amortization expense for the remainder of 2005 is expected to be $3.3 million and is expected to be $11.9 million, $11.6 million, $9.8 million and $8.1 million for the twelve-month periods of 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively.
The following is a summary of goodwill detailed by reportable segments for the nine months ended September 30:
| | Retail/ | | | |
| | Commercial | Mortgage | Capital | |
(Dollars in thousands) | | Banking | Banking | Markets | Total |
December 31, 2003 | | $ 109,525 | $ 51,988 | $ 13,294 | $ 174,807 |
Acquisitions* | | 2,348 | 2,283 | 5,252 | 9,883 |
September 30, 2004 | | $ 111,873 | $ 54,271 | $ 18,546 | $ 184,690 |
December 31, 2004 | | $ 114,341 | $ 55,214 | $ 17,645 | $ 187,200 |
Acquisitions* | | 18,962 | 5,957 | 97,421 | 122,340 |
September 30, 2005 | | $ 133,303 | $ 61,171 | $ 115,066 | $ 309,540 |
* Preliminary purchase price allocations on acquisitions are based upon estimates of fair value and are subject to change. |
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Note 6 - Regulatory Capital
FHN is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on FHN's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain derivatives as calculated under regulatory accounting practices must be met. Capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgment by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require FHN to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to average assets (leverage). Management believes, as of September 30, 2005, that FHN met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.
The actual capital amounts and ratios of FHN and FTBNA are presented in the table below. In addition, FTBNA must also calculate its capital ratios after excluding financial subsidiaries as defined by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. Based on this calculation FTBNA's Total Capital, Tier 1 Capital and Leverage ratios were 11.65 percent, 8.35 percent and 6.51 percent, respectively, on September 30, 2005, and were 11.13 percent, 8.54 percent and 7.08 percent, respectively, on September 30, 2004.
| First Horizon National | | First Tennessee Bank |
| Corporation | | | National Association |
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio |
On September 30, 2005: | | | | | | | |
Actual: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | $ 3,543,264 | | 12.55 | % | $ 3,411,808 | | 11.85 | % |
Tier 1 Capital | 2,430,768 | | 8.61 | | 2,399,312 | | 8.34 |
Leverage | 2,430,768 | | 6.45 | | 2,399,312 | | 6.41 |
| | | | | | | |
For Capital Adequacy Purposes: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | 2,258,010 | > | 8.00 | | 2,302,711 | > | 8.00 |
Tier 1 Capital | 1,129,005 | > | 4.00 | | 1,151,356 | > | 4.00 |
Leverage | 1,506,736 | > | 4.00 | | 1,496,133 | > | 4.00 |
| | | | | | | |
To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt | | | | |
Corrective Action Provisions: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | | | | | 2,878,389 | > | 10.00 |
Tier 1 Capital | | | | | 1,727,034 | > | 6.00 |
Leverage | | | | | 1,870,166 | > | 5.00 |
On September 30, 2004: | | | | | | | |
Actual: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | $ 2,766,612 | | 12.29 | % | $ 2,596,103 | | 11.58 | % |
Tier 1 Capital | 2,027,164 | | 9.01 | | 1,961,234 | | 8.74 |
Leverage | 2,027,164 | | 7.38 | | 1,961,234 | | 7.20 |
| | | | | | | |
For Capital Adequacy Purposes: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | 1,800,413 | > | 8.00 | | 1,794,217 | > | 8.00 |
Tier 1 Capital | 900,207 | > | 4.00 | | 897,109 | > | 4.00 |
Leverage | 1,098,797 | > | 4.00 | | 1,089,558 | > | 4.00 |
| | | | | | | |
To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt | | | | |
Corrective Action Provisions: | | | | | | | |
Total Capital | | | | | 2,242,772 | > | 10.00 |
Tier 1 Capital | | | | | 1,345,663 | > | 6.00 |
Leverage | | | | | 1,361,948 | > | 5.00 |
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Note 7 - Earnings Per Share
The following table shows a reconciliation of earnings per common share to diluted earnings per common share: | |
| | | | | |
| Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| September 30 | | September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | 2005 | 2004 | | 2005 | 2004 |
Net income | $ 116,197 | $ 113,601 | | $ 328,111 | $ 351,256 |
| | | | | |
Earnings per common share: | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 124,883,029 | 123,184,559 | | 124,210,478 | 123,758,196 |
Shares attributable to deferred compensation | 954,509 | 1,098,217 | | 960,230 | 1,088,548 |
Total weighted average shares | 125,837,538 | 124,282,776 | | 125,170,708 | 124,846,744 |
| | | | | |
Earnings per common share | $ .92 | $ .91 | | $ 2.62 | $ 2.81 |
| | | | | |
Diluted earnings per common share: | | | | | |
Weighted average shares outstanding | 125,837,538 | 124,282,776 | | 125,170,708 | 124,846,744 |
Dilutive effect due to stock options | 3,521,857 | 3,562,672 | | 3,602,599 | 3,830,425 |
Total weighted average shares, as adjusted | 129,359,395 | 127,845,448 | | 128,773,307 | 128,677,169 |
| | | | | |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ .90 | $ .89 | | $ 2.55 | $ 2.73 |
| | | | | |
Outstanding stock options of 5,066,425 and 2,825,561 with weighted average exercise prices of $43.21 and $45.70 per share as of September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because such shares would have had an antidilutive effect on earnings per common share. |
19
Note 8 - Pension and Other Employee Benefits
Pension plan. FHN provides pension benefits to employees retiring under the provisions of a noncontributory, defined benefit pension plan. Pension benefits are based on years of service, average compensation near retirement and estimated social security benefits at age 65. The annual funding is based on an actuarially determined amount using the entry age cost method. FHN also maintains a nonqualified supplemental executive retirement plan. All benefits provided under this plan are unfunded and payments to plan participants are made by FHN. FHN contributed $37 million to the pension plan in second quarter 2005, and does not anticipate making any further contributions to this plan during the remainder of 2005.
Other employee benefits. FHN provides postretirement medical insurance to full-time employees retiring under the provisions of the FHN Pension Plan. The postretirement medical plan is contributory with retiree contributions adjusted annually. The plan is based on criteria that are a combination of the employee's age and years of service and utilizes a two-step approach. For any employee retiring on or after January 1, 1995, FHN will contribute a fixed amount based on years of service and age at time of retirement. FHN's postretirement benefits include prescription drug benefits. The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the Act) introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare Part D as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. In May 2004, the FASB approved issuance of FSP FAS 106-2, "Accounting a nd Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003". FSP FAS 106-2 requires a plan sponsor to determine if benefits offered through a postretirement health care plan are actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. FHN adopted the provisions of FSP FAS 106-2 effective July 1, 2004. Plan benefits were determined to be actuarially equivalent in 2005. The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation was reduced by $7.2 million in 2005 due to recognizing the Medicare Part D subsidy. The Medicare Part D subsidy reduced net periodic benefit cost by $.2 million in third quarter 2005. FHN does not anticipate making a contribution to the other employee benefit plan in 2005.
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the three months ended September 30 are as follows:
| Pension Benefits | | Postretirement Benefits |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Components of net periodic benefit cost | | | | | | | |
Service cost | $ 3,946 | | $ 3,449 | | $ 173 | | $ 181 |
Interest cost | 5,318 | | 4,814 | | 336 | | 483 |
Expected return on plan assets | (8,124) | | (7,680) | | (417) | | (401) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 207 | | 171 | | (44) | | (44) |
Recognized losses/(gains) | 1,013 | | 897 | | (85) | | - |
Amortization of transition obligation | - | | - | | 247 | | 247 |
Net periodic cost | $ 2,360 | | $ 1,651 | | $ 210 | | $ 466 |
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
The components of net periodic cost for the nine months ended September 30 are as follows: |
| | | | | | | |
| Pension Benefits | | Postretirement Benefits |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Components of net periodic benefit cost | | | | | | | |
Service cost | $ 11,836 | | $ 10,347 | | $ 571 | | $ 543 |
Interest cost | 15,953 | | 14,442 | | 1,211 | | 1,449 |
Expected return on plan assets | (24,370) | | (23,267) | | (1,251) | | (1,225) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 621 | | 513 | | (132) | | (132) |
Recognized losses/(gains) | 3,041 | | 2,691 | | (85) | | - |
Amortization of transition obligation | - | | - | | 741 | | 741 |
Net periodic cost | $ 7,081 | | $ 4,726 | | $ 1,055 | | $ 1,376 |
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Note 9 - Business Segment Information
FHN has four business segments, Retail/Commercial Banking, Mortgage Banking, Capital Markets and Corporate. The Retail/Commercial Banking segment offers financial products and services, including traditional lending and deposit taking, to retail and commercial customers. Additionally, Retail/Commercial Banking provides investments, insurance, financial planning, trust services and asset management, credit card, cash management, merchant services, check clearing, and correspondent services. The Mortgage Banking segment consists of core mortgage banking elements including originations and servicing and the associated ancillary revenues related to these businesses. The Capital Markets segment consists of traditional capital markets securities activities, equity research and investment banking. The Corporate segment consists of unallocated corporate expenses, expense on subordinated debt issuances and preferred stock, bank-owned life insurance, unallocated interest income a ssociated with excess equity, net impact of raising incremental capital, funds management and venture capital. Effective in third quarter 2005, FHN adapted its segments to reflect changes in expense allocations between segments and the reclassification of certain trust preferred assets and related net interest income to the Capital Markets segment from Retail/Commercial Banking. Previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation.
Total revenue, expense and asset levels reflect those which are specifically identifiable or which are allocated based on an internal allocation method. Because the allocations are based on internally developed assignments and allocations, they are to an extent subjective. This assignment and allocation has been consistently applied for all periods presented. The following table reflects the amounts of consolidated revenue, expense, tax, and assets for each segment for the three and nine months ended September 30:
| | | | | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| | | | | September 30 | | September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Total Consolidated | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | $ 260,161 | | $ 218,250 | | $ 729,216 | | $ 627,865 |
Provision for loan losses | | | | | 22,608 | | 10,044 | | 51,503 | | 36,565 |
Noninterest income | | | | | 369,537 | | 327,614 | | 1,056,322 | | 1,050,038 |
Noninterest expense | | | | | 436,219 | | 365,596 | | 1,250,105 | | 1,121,652 |
Pre-tax income | | | | | 170,871 | | 170,224 | | 483,930 | | 519,686 |
Provision for income taxes | | | | | 54,674 | | 56,623 | | 155,819 | | 168,430 |
Net income | | | | | $ 116,197 | | $ 113,601 | | $ 328,111 | | $ 351,256 |
Average assets | | | | | $ 38,090,993 | | $ 27,716,607 | | $ 36,169,529 | | $ 26,632,935 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Retail/Commercial Banking | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | $ 224,264 | | $ 178,643 | | $ 631,858 | | $ 500,716 |
Provision for loan losses | | | | | 22,428 | | 10,044 | | 51,164 | | 36,603 |
Noninterest income | | | | | 129,503 | | 115,098 | | 373,986 | | 352,590 |
Noninterest expense | | | | | 212,403 | | 184,268 | | 613,071 | | 539,552 |
Pre-tax income | | | | | 118,936 | | 99,429 | | 341,609 | | 277,151 |
Provision for income taxes | | | | | 37,747 | | 31,727 | | 108,807 | | 81,485 |
Net income | | | | | $ 81,189 | | $ 67,702 | | $ 232,802 | | $ 195,666 |
Average assets | | | | | $ 22,383,214 | | $ 17,782,477 | | $ 21,050,730 | | $ 16,677,181 |
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Note 9 - Business Segment Information (continued)
| | | | | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended |
| | | | | September 30 | | September 30 |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Mortgage Banking | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | $ 41,688 | | $ 37,758 | | $ 112,246 | | $ 114,510 |
Provision for loan losses | | | | | 180 | | - | | 339 | | (38) |
Noninterest income | | | | | 151,254 | | 109,226 | | 391,569 | | 363,125 |
Noninterest expense | | | | | 131,031 | | 105,237 | | 352,229 | | 317,787 |
Pre-tax income | | | | | 61,731 | | 41,747 | | 151,247 | | 159,886 |
Provision for income taxes | | | | | 22,301 | | 15,192 | | 54,392 | | 58,500 |
Net income | | | | | $ 39,430 | | $ 26,555 | | $ 96,855 | | $ 101,386 |
Average assets | | | | | $ 6,882,402 | | $ 5,150,318 | | $ 6,285,887 | | $ 5,192,090 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital Markets | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest (expense)/income | | | | | $ (7,826) | | $ 1,416 | | $ (22,495) | | $ 5,076 |
Noninterest income | | | | | 86,241 | | 81,355 | | 282,886 | | 303,607 |
Noninterest expense | | | | | 75,910 | | 64,640 | | 240,127 | | 231,391 |
Pre-tax income | | | | | 2,505 | | 18,131 | | 20,264 | | 77,292 |
Provision for income taxes | | | | | 519 | | 6,752 | | 6,852 | | 29,253 |
Net income | | | | | $ 1,986 | | $ 11,379 | | $ 13,412 | | $ 48,039 |
Average assets | | | | | $ 5,418,858 | | $ 1,737,699 | | $ 5,489,879 | | $ 1,821,875 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Corporate | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net interest income | | | | | $ 2,035 | | $ 433 | | $ 7,607 | | $ 7,563 |
Noninterest income | | | | | 2,539 | | 21,935 | | 7,881 | | 30,716 |
Noninterest expense | | | | | 16,875 | | 11,451 | | 44,678 | | 32,922 |
Pre-tax income / (loss) | | | | | (12,301) | | 10,917 | | (29,190) | | 5,357 |
Income tax provision / (benefit) | | | | | (5,893) | | 2,952 | | (14,232) | | (808) |
Net income / (loss) | | | | | $ (6,408) | | $ 7,965 | | $ (14,958) | | $ 6,165 |
Average assets | | | | | $ 3,406,519 | | $ 3,046,113 | | $ 3,343,033 | | $ 2,941,789 |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. |
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Note 10 - Preferred Stock of Subsidiary
On September 14, 2000, FT Real Estate Securities Company, Inc. (FTRESC), an indirect subsidiary of FHN, issued 50 shares of 9.50% Cumulative Preferred Stock, Class B (Class B Preferred Shares), with a liquidation preference of $1.0 million per share. An aggregate total of 47 Class B Preferred Shares have been sold privately to nonaffiliates. These securities qualify as Tier 2 capital and are presented in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition as "Term borrowings". FTRESC is a real estate investment trust (REIT) established for the purpose of acquiring, holding and managing real estate mortgage assets. Dividends on the Class B Preferred Shares are cumulative and are payable semi-annually.
The Class B Preferred Shares are mandatorily redeemable on March 31, 2031, and redeemable at the discretion of FTRESC in the event that the Class B Preferred Shares cannot be accounted for as Tier 2 regulatory capital or there is more than an insubstantial risk that dividends paid with respect to the Class B Preferred Shares will not be fully deductible for tax purposes. They are not subject to any sinking fund and are not convertible into any other securities of FTRESC, FHN or any of its subsidiaries. The shares are, however, automatically exchanged at the direction of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for preferred stock of FTBNA, having substantially the same terms as the Class B Preferred Shares in the event FTBNA becomes undercapitalized, insolvent or in danger of becoming undercapitalized.
The following indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of FHN have also issued preferred stock. First Horizon Mortgage Loan Corporation has issued $1.0 million of Class B Preferred Shares. Additionally, FHRIII, LLC and FHRIV, LLC have each issued $1.0 million of Class B Preferred Units. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, $.5 million of Class B Preferred Shares and Units that are perpetual in nature and not subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 150 was recognized as "Preferred stock of subsidiary" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition. The remaining balance has been eliminated in consolidation.
On March 23, 2005, FTBNA issued 300,000 shares of Class A Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (Class A Preferred Stock) with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. These securities qualify as Tier 1 capital. On September 30, 2005, $294.8 million of Class A Preferred Stock was recognized as "Preferred stock of subsidiary" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition.
23
Note 11 - Contingencies
Contingent liabilities arise in the ordinary course of business, including those related to litigation. Various claims and lawsuits are pending against FHN and its subsidiaries. Although FHN cannot predict the outcome of these lawsuits, after consulting with counsel, management has been able to form an opinion on the effect all of these lawsuits, except the matter mentioned in the paragraph below, will have on the consolidated financial statements. It is management's opinion that when resolved, these lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements of FHN.
In November 2000, a complaint was filed in state court in Jackson County, Missouri against FHN's subsidiary, First Horizon Home Loans. The case generally concerns the charging of certain loan origination fees, including fees permitted by Kansas law but allegedly restricted or not permitted by Missouri law, when First Horizon Home Loans or its predecessor, McGuire Mortgage Company, made certain second-lien mortgage loans. Among other relief, plaintiffs seek a refund of fees, a repayment and forgiveness of loan interest, punitive damages, and loan rescission. In response to pre-trial motions, the court has ruled that Missouri law governs the loan transactions and has certified a statewide class action; plaintiffs contend the class involves approximately 4,600 loans, but the exact size is in dispute. Discovery is ongoing and additional pre-trial motions are pending. Trial is currently scheduled for May 2006. FHN believes that it has meritorious defenses and it intends to c ontinue to protect its rights and defend this lawsuit vigorously, through trial and appeal, if necessary.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
GENERAL INFORMATION
FHN is a national financial services institution. From a small community bank chartered in 1864, FHN has grown to be one of the top 35 largest bank holding companies in the United States in terms of asset size and market capitalization.
Approximately 13,000 employees provide a broad array of financial services to individual and business customers through hundreds of offices located in 46 states.
FHN companies have been recognized as some of the nation's best employers by AARP, Working Mother and Fortune magazine. FHN also was named one of the nation's 100 best corporate citizens by Business Ethics magazine.
FHN provides a broad array of financial services to its customers through three national businesses. The combined strengths of our businesses create an extensive range of financial products and services. In addition, the corporate segment provides essential support within the corporation.
- Retail/Commercial Banking offers financial products and services, including traditional lending and deposit-taking, to retail and commercial customers. Additionally, the retail/commercial bank provides investments, insurance, financial planning, trust services and asset management, credit card, cash management, merchant services, check clearing, and correspondent services.
- Mortgage Banking helps provide home ownership through First Horizon Home Loans, which operates offices in more than 40 states and is one of the top 15 mortgage servicers and top 20 originators of mortgage loans to consumers. This segment consists of core mortgage banking elements including originations and servicing and the associated ancillary revenues related to these businesses.
- Capital Markets provides a broad spectrum of financial services for the investment and banking communities through the integration of capital markets securities activities, equity research and investment banking.
- Corporate consists of unallocated corporate expenses, expense on subordinated debt issuances and preferred stock, bank-owned life insurance, unallocated interest income associated with excess equity, net impact of raising incremental capital, funds management and venture capital.
For the purpose of this management discussion and analysis (MD&A), earning assets have been expressed as averages, and loans have been disclosed net of unearned income. The following is a discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of FHN for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2005, compared to the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2004. To assist the reader in obtaining a better understanding of FHN and its performance, this discussion should be read in conjunction with FHN's unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements and accompanying notes appearing in this report. Additional information including the 2004 financial statements, notes, and management's discussion and analysis is pro vided in the 2004 Annual Report.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Management's discussion and analysis may contain forward-looking statements with respect to FHN's beliefs, plans, goals, expectations, and estimates. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not a representation of historical information but rather are related to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "should," "is likely," "will," "going forward," and other expressions that indicate future events and trends identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon estimates and assumptions that are inherently subject to significant business, ope rational, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond a company's control, and many of which, with respect to future business decisions and actions (including acquisitions and divestitures), are subject to change. Examples of uncertainties and contingencies include, among other important factors, general and local economic and business conditions; expectations of and actual timing and amount of interest rate movements, including the slope of the yield curve (which can have a significant impact on a financial services institution); market and monetary fluctuations; inflation or deflation; investor responses to these conditions; the financial condition of borrowers and other counterparties; competition within and outside the financial services industry; geopolitical developments including possible terrorist activity; natural disasters; effectiveness of FHN's hedging practices; technology; demand for FHN's product offerings; new products and services in the industries in which FHN operates and critical accounting estimates. Other factors are those inherent in originating and servicing loans including prepayment risks, pricing concessions, fluctuation in U.S. housing prices, fluctuation of
25
collateral values, and changes in customer profiles. Additionally, the actions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and other regulators; regulatory and judicial proceedings and changes in laws and regulations applicable to FHN; and FHN's success in executing its business plans and strategies and managing the risks involved in the foregoing, could cause actual results to differ. FHN assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements that are made from time to time. Actual results could differ because of several factors, including those presented in the Forward-Looking Statements section of the MD&a mp;A discussion.
FINANCIAL SUMMARY (Comparison of Third Quarter 2005 to Third Quarter 2004)
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Earnings for third quarter 2005 were $116.2 million, or $.90 diluted earnings per share compared to earnings of $113.6 million, or $.89 diluted earnings per share for third quarter 2004.
Two of FHN's segments have business operations in the areas impacted by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, and while it is too early to determine the full extent of any losses experienced on the Gulf Coast as a result of these hurricanes, management has been diligently reviewing any exposure that FHN might have in the region. Based on information available as of the end of the quarter, 2005 results included $7.3 million of pre-tax hurricane related losses ($3.8 million in loan loss provision and $3.5 million in mortgage banking-related losses). These estimates involve considerable judgment and are inherently imprecise due to a variety of factors, including the scope of the disaster and the preliminary nature of the information used to prepare these estimates. There can be no assurance that FHN's ultimate losses associated with these events will not be materially different from the losses recognized this quarter. Third quarter 2005 results also included a $7.7 million settlement received from an insurance company.
Retail/Commercial Banking pre-tax income increased 20 percent to $118.9 million, or 70 percent of pre-tax income. This growth was derived from national expansion initiatives and growth in the Tennessee franchise as expansion of the sales force increased market share in the core bank and cross-sell opportunities in national markets where FHN has a substantial mortgage presence were leveraged. The success of these initiatives can be seen through loan growth of 18 percent and total deposit growth of 13 percent compared to third quarter 2004. Asset quality indicators also remained positive with a net charge-off ratio of 20 basis points compared to 22 basis points last year.
Mortgage Banking pre-tax income increased 48 percent to $61.7 million, as origination volumes increased $3.8 billion and origination income increased $47.2 million. An expanded sales force and a strong housing market contributed to a 31 percent increase in home purchase-related originations. This quarter's results included the realization of $12 million in earnings from the delivery of a larger mortgage pipeline created at the end of the second quarter. Net interest income increased 10 percent as the warehouse grew 42 percent. However, the flattening of the yield curve resulted in compression of the spread on the warehouse. Expense efficiencies implemented in third quarter 2005 contribu ted to improvement in the efficiency ratio, which decreased to 67.9 percent from 71.6 percent.
Capital Markets revenues continued to be negatively impacted by the flattening of the yield curve which reduced fixed income product revenues and compressed the spread on Capital Markets securities inventory. However, revenues continued to reflect strong diversification as revenue from other fee sources increased 26 percent from third quarter 2004, primarily due to increased fees from investment banking and loan sales activities.
Return on average shareholders' equity and return on average assets were 21.1 percent and 1.21 percent, respectively, for third quarter 2005 compared to 23.7 percent and 1.63 percent for third quarter 2004. Total assets were $38.1 billion and shareholders' equity was $2.2 billion for third quarter 2005 compared to $27.7 billion and $1.9 billion for third quarter 2004. The increase in total assets was impacted by $3.7 billion growth in Capital Markets' balance sheet, primarily due to the acquisition of the fixed income business of Spear, Leeds and Kellogg (SLK) in first quarter 2005 and by $4.6 billion growth in Retail/Commercial Banking's balance sheet, primarily due to loan growth.
BUSINESS LINE REVIEW
Retail/Commercial Banking
Pre-tax income for Retail/Commercial Banking increased 20 percent to $118.9 million for third quarter 2005, compared to $99.4 million for third quarter 2004. Retail/Commercial Banking contributed 70 percent of total pre-tax income in third quarter 2005 compared to 58 percent in third quarter 2004. Total revenues increased 20 percent to $353.7 million for third quarter 2005 compared to $293.7 million for third quarter 2004.
26
Net interest income increased 26 percent to $224.3 million in third quarter 2005 from $178.7 million in third quarter 2004. The increase in net interest income in 2005 was primarily attributable to 18 percent total loan growth with commercial loans growing 33 percent to $9.1 billion from $6.8 billion and retail loans growing 6 percent to $9.5 billion from $9.0 billion. This growth resulted from expansion of the sales force, which increased market share in the core bank, as well as cross-sell opportunities in FHN's national markets where we have a substantial mortgage presence. Total deposits increased 13 percent or $1.2 billion over third quarter 2004. Retail/Commercial Banking's net interest margin for third quarter 2005 was held stable compared to third quarter 2004 by minimizing loan rate spread compression caused by competitive pricing while successfully increasing spreads on deposits in conjunction with Federal Reserve rate increases.
Noninterest income increased 13 percent to $129.4 million in third quarter 2005 from $115.0 million in third quarter 2004. Noninterest income from sales and securitizations of real estate residential loans increased $8.6 million in third quarter 2005 including a $4.0 million reduction of securitized assets which prepaid faster than anticipated. Additionally, a charge of $3.9 million resulted from a write-off of net capitalized expenses on HELOC held for sale which prepaid faster than anticipated. Merchant processing income increased 18 percent in third quarter 2005, or $3.4 million, reflecting increased volume from existing customers as well as an expanded customer base. Fees from deposit services charges increased $2.7 million co mpared to third quarter 2004.
The provision for loan losses increased to $22.4 million in third quarter 2005 from $10.1 million last year as the loan portfolio has grown by 18 percent since third quarter 2004. This increase also included $3.8 million related to hurricane losses. The net charge-off ratio continued to remain at low levels with 20 basis points in third quarter 2005 compared to 22 basis points in third quarter 2004, reflecting the stability of the risk profile of both the commercial and retail loan portfolios.
Noninterest expense was $212.4 million in third quarter 2005 compared to $184.2 million last year. The growth in noninterest expense was due to higher personnel costs which were largely attributable to national expansion initiatives. As total revenue grew 20 percent and noninterest expense grew 15 percent, the efficiency ratio improved to 60.0 percent in third quarter 2005 from 62.7 percent in third quarter 2004.
Mortgage Banking
Pre-tax income for Mortgage Banking increased 48 percent to $61.7 million for third quarter 2005, compared to $41.6 million for third quarter 2004. Total revenues were $192.9 million in third quarter 2005, an increase of 31 percent from $146.9 million in third quarter 2004.
Net interest income increased 10 percent to $41.6 million in third quarter 2005 from $37.7 million in third quarter 2004 as the warehouse grew 42 percent. However, the flattening of the yield curve resulted in compression of the spread on the warehouse. Spread on the warehouse was 2.33 percent in third quarter 2005 compared to 3.93 percent for the same period in 2004.
Noninterest income increased 38 percent to $151.3 million in third quarter 2005 compared to $109.2 million in third quarter 2004. Noninterest income was negatively impacted in the third quarter 2005 by $3.5 million due to hurricane-related losses. Noninterest income consists primarily of mortgage banking-related revenue, net of costs, from the origination and sale of mortgage loans, fees from mortgage servicing and mortgage servicing rights (MSR) net hedge gains or losses. Mortgage servicing noninterest income is net of amortization, impairment and other expenses related to MSR and related hedges.
Mortgage loan origination volumes in third quarter 2005 were $10.6 billion compared to $6.8 billion in 2004 as refinance activity increased $2.3 billion and home purchase-related originations grew $1.4 billion from third quarter 2004. The increase in home purchase originations demonstrates FHN's success in executing its strategy to grow the purchase market and reflects a strong housing market and an expanded sales force of 2,600 which increased 15 percent from 2004. Refinance activity represented 42 percent of total originations during third quarter 2005 compared to 31 percent last year. Loans delivered into the secondary market increased 62 percent to $10.6 billion. Net revenue from mortgage loans sold increased 69 percent to $115.6 million from $68.4 million in third quarter 2004.
The mortgage-servicing portfolio grew 15 percent to $93.6 billion on September 30, 2005, from $81.6 billion on September 30, 2004, including approximately $3 billion of loans for which the servicing rights were acquired in 2004. Total fees associated with mortgage servicing increased 17 percent to $69.7 million from $59.7 million, reflecting this growth. In addition, the growth in the servicing portfolio and rising interest rates led to a 17 percent increase in capitalized mortgage servicing rights and a 26 percent, or $9.8 million, increase in amortization expense compared to third quarter 2004. The total $7.7 million decrease in net servicing revenues consists of this and several other factors, including a favorable $13.4 million impact from MSR impairment charges due to t he impact that rising interest rates had on the fair value of MSR. In addition, net servicing revenues were unfavorably impacted by net hedge losses of $3.9 million in third quarter 2005 compared to net hedge gains of $17.3 million in third quarter 2004 as the continued flattening of the yield curve negatively impacted income from hedges and rising interest rates led to increased option expense and reduced income from swap positions.
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Noninterest expense increased 25 percent to $131.0 million in third quarter 2005 compared to $105.3 million in third quarter 2004 due to increased production. However, expense efficiencies implemented in third quarter 2005 combined with the revenue from the increased origination activity late in the second quarter contributed to improvement in the efficiency ratio, which decreased to 67.9 percent from 71.6 percent in third quarter 2004.
Capital Markets
Pre-tax earnings declined from $18.1 million in third quarter 2004 to $2.6 million in third quarter 2005 due to a reduction in fixed income securities sales and a decrease in net interest income. Significant uncertainties within the investment community regarding interest rates and other economic factors continued to cause fixed income investors to reduce their purchases. Total revenues were $78.5 million in third quarter 2005 compared to $82.8 million in third quarter 2004.
Revenues from fixed income sales fell $4.1 million while revenues from other fee sources increased $9.0 million. Revenues from other fee sources include fee income from activities such as loan sales, investment banking, equity research, portfolio advisory and the sale of bank-owned life insurance. Revenue from these other sources represented 51 percent of total segment basis noninterest income in third quarter 2005 compared to 43 percent in third quarter 2004 and increased 26 percent to $43.6 million from $34.6 million, primarily due to increased fees from investment banking and loan sales activities.
Net interest income decreased $9.2 million primarily due to an incremental cost of equity charge of $5.2 million which was largely related to the capital requirements of the SLK acquisition in first quarter 2005 and due to the flattening of the yield curve, resulting in compression of the spread on Capital Markets securities inventory.
Noninterest expense increased 17 percent or $11.2 million, primarily due to amortization and other increased costs resulting from the SLK acquisition and the acquisition of the assets of Alterity Partners, LLC (Alterity) on September 23, 2004.
Corporate
The Corporate segment's results yielded a pre-tax loss of $12.3 million in third quarter 2005 compared to a pre-tax gain of $11.1 million in third quarter 2004. The third quarter 2005 results include $3.4 million in dividend expense on $300 million of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock issued in first quarter 2005, while the third quarter 2004 results include $19.8 million in net security gains as the investment portfolio size was reduced to balance an increase in loans held for sale resulting from a delay in the closing of a securitization and net gains due to the liquidation of a holding company investment.
INCOME STATEMENT REVIEW
Total revenues (net interest income and noninterest income) were $629.7 million, an increase of 15 percent from $545.9 million in 2004. Noninterest income provides the majority of FHN’s revenue and contributed 59 percent to total revenue in third quarter 2005 compared to 60 percent in third quarter 2004. Third quarter 2005 noninterest income increased 13 percent to $369.5 million from $327.6 million in 2004. A more detailed discussion of the major line items follows.
NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income increased 19 percent to $260.2 million from $218.3 million as earning assets grew 39 percent to $33.6 billion and interest-bearing liabilities grew 42 percent to $28.5 billion in third quarter 2005.
The activity levels and related funding for FHN's mortgage production and servicing and capital markets activities affect the net interest margin. These activities typically produce different margins than traditional banking activities. Mortgage production and servicing activities can affect the overall margin based on a number of factors, including the size of the mortgage warehouse, the time it takes to deliver loans into the secondary market, the amount of custodial balances, and the level of MSR. Capital markets activities tend to compress the margin because of its strategy to reduce market risk by economically hedging its inventory on the balance sheet rather than by using off-balance sheet financial instruments. As a result of these impacts, FHN's consolidated margin cannot be readily compared to that of other bank holding companies.
The consolidated net interest margin was 3.09 percent for third quarter 2005 compared to 3.60 percent for third quarter 2004. This compression in the margin occurred as the net interest spread decreased to 2.59 percent from 3.32 percent in 2004 while average earning assets increased 39 percent and net interest income increased 19 percent. The decline in the margin is attributable to two items, the acquisition of SLK and a flatter yield curve. The acquisition of SLK in first quarter 2005 increased the negative pressure on the corporate
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margin as Capital Markets' balance sheet grew $3.7 billion. In addition, Mortgage Banking negatively impacted the corporate margin this quarter as the flattening of the yield curve decreased spread on the warehouse by 160 basis points to 2.33 percent.
Table 1 - Net Interest Margin | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Third Quarter |
| | | | | | | September 30 |
| | | | | | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Consolidated Yields and Rates: | | | | | | |
Investment securities | | | | | 4.30% | | 4.36% |
Loans, net of unearned | | | | | 6.34 | | 5.01 |
Loans held for sale | | | | | | 6.43 | | 5.56 |
Capital markets securities inventory | | | | 5.01 | | 3.73 |
Mortgage banking trading securities | | | | 12.82 | | 12.11 |
Other earning assets | | | | | 3.07 | | 1.19 |
Yields on earning assets | | | | | 5.90 | | 4.95 |
Interest-bearing core deposits | | | | | 2.13 | | 1.43 |
CD's over $100,000 | | | | | | 3.53 | | 1.61 |
Fed funds purchased and repos | | | | 3.18 | | 1.29 |
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings | | | 3.62 | | 1.83 |
Capital markets trading liabilities | | | | 5.54 | | 4.00 |
Term borrowings | | | | | | 4.16 | | 2.28 |
Rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities | | | 3.31 | | 1.63 |
Net interest spread | | | | | | 2.59 | | 3.32 |
Effect of interest-free sources | | | | | .50 | | .28 |
FHN - NIM | | | | | | 3.09% | | 3.60% |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. | | |
In the near-term, a modest compression of the net interest margin is expected as an increase in short-term rates will negatively impact the spread on the mortgage warehouse. Over the long-term, FHN's strategies to manage the interest rate sensitivity of the balance sheet position are designed to allow the net interest margin to improve in a higher interest rate environment. Flattening in the spread between short-term and long-term interest rates generally has an unfavorable impact on net interest margin, primarily from narrower spreads on the mortgage warehouse and capital markets inventories.
NONINTEREST INCOME
Mortgage Banking Noninterest Income
First Horizon Home Loans, an indirect subsidiary of FHN, offers residential mortgage banking products and services to customers, which consist primarily of the origination or purchase of single-family residential mortgage loans. First Horizon Home Loans originates mortgage loans through its retail and wholesale operations and also purchases mortgage loans from third-party mortgage bankers (correspondent brokers) for sale to secondary market investors and subsequently services the majority of those loans.
Origination income includes origination fees, net of costs, gains/(losses) recognized on loans sold including the capitalized net present value of MSR, and the value recognized on loans in process. Origination fees, net of costs (including incentives and other direct costs), are deferred and included in the basis of the loans in calculating gains and losses upon sale. Gains or losses from the sale of loans are recognized at the time a mortgage loan is sold into the secondary market. A portion of the gain or loss is recognized at the time an interest rate lock commitment is made to the customer.
Servicing income includes servicing fees, MSR net hedge gains/(losses), which reflect the effects of hedging MSR including servicing rights net value changes, amortization and impairment of MSR, and gains/(losses) related to fair value adjustments on retained interests classified as mortgage trading securities, primarily interest-only strips, and associated hedges. First Horizon Home Loans employs hedging strategies intended to counter changes in the value of MSR and other retained interests due to changing interest rate environments (refer to discussion of MSR under Critical Accounting Policies).
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Mortgage loan origination volumes in third quarter 2005 were $10.6 billion compared to $6.8 billion in 2004 as refinance activity increased $2.3 billion and home purchase-related originations grew $1.5 billion from third quarter 2004. This increase in home purchase originations demonstrates FHN's success in executing its strategy to grow the purchase market and reflects an expanded sales force of 2,600 which increased 15 percent from 2004. Refinance activity represented 42 percent of total originations during third quarter 2005 compared to 31 percent last year. Loans delivered into the secondary market increased 62 percent to $10.6 billion. Net revenue from mortgage loans sold increased 69 percent to $1 15.6 million from $68.4 million in third quarter 2004.
The mortgage-servicing portfolio grew 15 percent to $93.6 billion on September 30, 2005, from $81.6 billion on September 30, 2004, including approximately $3 billion of loans for which the servicing rights were acquired in 2004. Total fees associated with mortgage servicing increased 17 percent to $69.7 million from $59.7 million, reflecting this growth. In addition, the growth in the servicing portfolio and rising interest rates led to a 17 percent increase in capitalized MSR and a 26 percent, or $9.8 million, increase in amortization expense compared to third quarter 2004. In total, the $7.7 million decrease in net servicing revenues consists of these and several other factors, including a favorable $13.4 million impact from MSR impairment charges due to the impact that ri sing interest rates had on fair value of MSR. In addition, net servicing revenues were unfavorably impacted by net hedge losses of $3.9 million in third quarter 2005 compared to net hedge gains of $17.3 million in third quarter 2004 as the continued flattening of the yield curve negatively impacted income from hedges and rising interest rates led to increased option expense and reduced income from swap positions.
Table 2 - Mortgage Banking Noninterest Income |
| | | | | Three Months Ended | Percent | Nine Months Ended | Percent |
| | | | September 30 | Change | September 30 | Change |
(Dollars and volumes in millions) | | | | | 2005 | 2004 | (%) | 2005 | 2004 | (%) |
Noninterest income: | | | | | | | | | | |
Origination income | | | | | $ 115.6 | $ 68.4 | 69.0 + | $ 311.2 | $ 263.3 | 18.2 + |
Servicing income | | | | | 17.9 | 25.6 | 29.8 - | 38.0 | 68.4 | 44.4 - |
Other | | | | | 6.9 | 11.2 | 37.7 - | 19.0 | 18.3 | 4.1 + |
Total mortgage banking noninterest income | $ 140.4 | $ 105.2 | 33.6 + | $ 368.2 | $ 350.0 | 5.2 + |
Refinance originations - first lien | | | | | $ 4,386.6 | $ 2,116.5 | 107.3 + | $ 11,519.7 | 10,317.0 | 11.7 + |
New loan originations - first lien | | | | | 6,170.0 | 4,725.5 | 30.6 + | 16,181.0 | 12,308.7 | 31.5 + |
Mortgage loan originations | | | | | $ 10,556.6 | $ 6,842.0 | 54.3 + | $ 27,700.7 | $ 22,625.7 | 22.4 + |
Servicing portfolio | | $ 93,589.4 | $ 81,591.0 | 14.7 + | $ 93,589.4 | $ 81,591.0 | 14.7 + |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. |
Capital Markets Noninterest Income
Capital markets noninterest income, the major component of revenue in the Capital Markets segment, is primarily generated from the purchase and sale of securities as both principal and agent, and from investment banking, loans sales, portfolio advisory and equity research activities. Inventory positions are limited to the procurement of securities solely for distribution to customers by the sales staff. Inventory is hedged to protect against movements in fair value due to changes in interest rates.
Revenues from fixed income sales fell $4.1 million while revenues from other fee sources increased $6.3 million. Revenues from other fee sources include fee income from activities such as loan sales, investment banking, equity research and portfolio advisory services. Revenue from these other sources represented 48 percent of total capital markets noninterest income in third quarter 2005 compared to 41 percent in third quarter 2004 and increased 19 percent to $39.4 million from $33.1 million, primarily due to increased fees from investment banking and loan sales activities.
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Table 3 - Capital Markets Noninterest Income |
| | | | | Three Months Ended | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | | | | September 30 | Growth | September 30 | Growth |
(Dollars in millions) | | | | | 2005 | 2004 | Rate (%) | 2005 | 2004 | Rate (%) |
Noninterest income: | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed income | | | | | $ 42.7 | $ 46.8 | 8.8 - | $ 156.5 | $ 187.0 | 16.3 - |
Other products and services | | | | | 39.4 | 33.1 | 19.0 + | 115.6 | 113.0 | 2.3 + |
Total capital markets noninterest income | $ 82.1 | $ 79.9 | 2.8 + | $ 272.1 | $ 300.0 | 9.3 - |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. |
Other Noninterest Income
All other noninterest income categories grew 3 percent, or $4.5 million. Third quarter 2005 noninterest income included $10.9 million net revenue from sales and securitizations of real estate residential loans, which impacted both Capital Markets and Retail/Commercial Banking segment revenues. This included a $4.0 million reduction of securitized assets which prepaid faster than anticipated. Additionally, a charge of $3.9 million resulted from a write-off of net capitalized expenses on HELOC held for sale which prepaid faster than anticipated. Third quarter results also include a $7.7 million settlement received from an insurance company. Merchant processing income increased 18 percent in third quarter 2005, or $3.4 million, refle cting increased volume from existing customers as well as an expanded customer base, and deposit service charges increased $2.7 million. Third quarter 2004 noninterest income included $20.4 million net securities gains with $14.9 million of gains resulting from the sale of investment securities initiated primarily due to a delay in the closing of a HELOC securitization. Net gains from equity investments of $5.5 million were realized primarily due to the liquidation of a holding company investment in 2004.
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Total noninterest expense for third quarter 2005 increased 19 percent to $436.2 million from $365.6 million in 2004. Employee compensation, incentives and benefits (personnel expense), the largest component of noninterest expense, increased 25 percent to $261.9 million from $210.1 million in 2004 primarily due to national expansion initiatives. All other noninterest expense increased 12 percent, or $18.8 million, which included growth in dividends on FTBNA perpetual preferred stock, operations services, legal and professional fees, occupancy expense, and communications and courier expense. These increases primarily resulted from activity associated with national expansion strategies and other growth initiatives.
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES / ASSET QUALITY
The provision for loan losses is the charge to earnings that management determines to be necessary to maintain the allowance for loan losses at an adequate level reflecting management's estimate of probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio. An analytical model based on historical loss experience adjusted for current events, trends and economic conditions is used by management to determine the amount of provision to be recognized and to assess the adequacy of the loan loss allowance. The provision for loan losses was $22.6 million in third quarter 2005 compared to $10.1 million in third quarter 2004 as the loan portfolio has grown 18 percent since third quarter 2004. Included in the third quarter provision is $3.8 million related to hurricane losses. The net charge-off ratio was 20 basis points in third quarter 2005 compared to 22 basis points in third quarter 2004 as strong loan growth increased net charge-offs to $9.2 million from $8.6 million.
Nonperforming loans in the loan portfolio were $39.2 million on September 30, 2005, compared to $45.6 million on September 30, 2004. The ratio of nonperforming loans in the loan portfolio to total loans was .20 percent on September 30, 2005, compared to .28 percent on September 30, 2004, reflecting the underlying stability of the loan portfolio. Nonperforming assets of $79.0 million on September 30, 2005, decreased $6.4 million from $85.4 million on September 30, 2004. This decrease reflects a decline in nonperforming loans and foreclosed real estate in the retail/commercial bank.
Potential problem assets in the loan portfolio, which are not included in nonperforming assets, represent those assets where information about possible credit problems of borrowers has caused management to have serious doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for loans classified substandard. The current expectation of losses from potential problem assets has been included in management's analysis for assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Loans 30 to 89 days past due, which are included in potential problem assets, increased to $106.2 million on September 30, 2005, compared to $65.7 million on September 30, 2004, primarily due to a single commercial relationship and higher HELOC delinquencies principally due to the aging of the portfolio. In total, potential problem assets were $157.5 million on September 30, 2005, compared to $93.5 million on September 30, 2004. In addition to the $40.5 million increase in loans 30 to 89 days past due, the remainder of the increase principally resulted from the identification of certain misrepresentations by customers in a pool of collateralized retail real estate related loans.
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Table 4 - Asset Quality Information |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Third Quarter |
(Dollars in thousands) | | | | | 2005 | 2004 |
Allowance for loan losses: | | | | | | |
Beginning balance on June 30 | | | | | $ 169,697 | $ 160,757 |
Provision for loan losses | | | | | 22,608 | 10,044 |
Transfers to held for sale | | | | | - | (351) |
Acquisitions | | | | | | 1,902 | - |
Charge-offs | | | | | | (12,900) | (12,497) |
Recoveries | | | | | | 3,722 | 3,903 |
Ending balance on September 30 | | | | $ 185,029 | $ 161,856 |
Reserve for off-balance sheet commitments | | | 9,034 | 8,259 |
Total allowance for loan losses and reserve for off-balance sheet commitments | $ 194,063 | $ 170,115 |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | September 30 |
| | | | | | | 2005 | 2004 |
Retail/Commercial Banking: | | | | | | |
Nonperforming loans | | | | | | $ 39,236 | $ 45,633 |
Foreclosed real estate | | | | | 19,875 | 22,582 |
Total Retail/Commercial Banking | | | | 59,111 | 68,215 |
Mortgage Banking: | | | | | | | |
Nonperforming loans - held for sale | | | | 11,868 | 7,279 |
Foreclosed real estate | | | | | 7,981 | 9,890 |
Total Mortgage Banking | | | | | 19,849 | 17,169 |
Total nonperforming assets | | | | | $ 78,960 | $ 85,384 |
| | | | | | | | |
Total loans, net of unearned income | | | | $ 19,212,110 | $ 16,403,309 |
Insured loans | | | | | | (667,457) | (560,364) |
Loans excluding insured loans | | | | | $ 18,544,653 | $ 15,842,945 |
| | | | | | | | |
Loans 30 to 89 days past due | | | | | $ 106,162 | $ 65,661 |
Loans 30 to 89 days past due - guaranteed* | | | 2,324 | 1,437 |
Loans 90 days past due | | | | | 32,017 | 29,572 |
Loans 90 days past due - guaranteed* | | | 5,482 | 5,641 |
Potential problem assets** | | | | | 157,539 | 93,489 |
Loans held for sale 30 to 89 days past due | | | 37,678 | 39,518 |
Loans held for sale 30 to 89 days past due - guaranteed* | | 18,548 | 33,203 |
Loans held for sale 90 days past due | | | | 163,832 | 183,174 |
Loans held for sale 90 days past due - guaranteed* | | | 161,409 | 182,572 |
Off-balance sheet commitments*** | | | | 8,750,863 | 5,847,535 |
| | | | | | | | |
Allowance to total loans | | | | | .96% | .99% |
Allowance to loans excluding insured loans | | | 1.00 | 1.02 |
Allowance to nonperforming loans in the loan portfolio | | | 472 | 355 |
Nonperforming assets to loans, foreclosed real estate and other assets | |
(Retail/Commercial Banking) | | | | | .31 | .42 |
Nonperforming assets to unpaid principal balance of servicing portfolio (Mortgage Banking) | .02 | .02 |
Allowance to annualized net charge-offs | | | 5.04x | 4.71x |
* Guaranteed loans include FHA, VA, student and GNMA loans repurchased through the GNMA repurchase program. ** Includes past due loans. *** Amount of off-balance sheet commitments for which a reserve has been provided. As of September 30, 2005, a reserve has been provided for unfunded credit card commitments. |
Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to agree with current presentation. |
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Table 5 - Net Charge-off Ratios * |
| | | | | | | Three Months Ended |
| | | | | | | September 30 |
| | | | | | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Commercial | | | | | | .09% | | .16% |
Retail real estate | | | | | | .20 | | .17 |
Other retail | | | | | | 1.96 | | 2.10 |
Credit card receivables | | | | | 3.11 | | 2.35 |
Total net charge-offs | | | | | | .20 | | .22 |
| | | | | | | | | |
* Table 6 provides information on the relative size of each loan portfolio. | | | |
Going forward the level of provision for loan losses should fluctuate primarily with the strength or weakness of the economies of the markets where FHN does business over the long-run and will experience quarterly fluctuations depending on the type and quantity of loan growth and impacts from quarterly asset quality movements. Additionally, asset quality in general should remain relatively stable based on expected economic conditions with normal quarterly fluctuations around recent levels; however, levels during 2005 have been relatively strong.
STATEMENT OF CONDITION REVIEW
EARNING ASSETS
During third quarter 2005, earning assets consisted of loans, loans held for sale, investment securities, trading securities and other earning assets. Earning assets grew 39 percent and averaged $33.6 billion in third quarter 2005 compared to $24.2 billion in 2004. The increase in earning assets was primarily due to 72 percent growth in loans held for sale, loan growth of 18 percent, 249 percent growth in other earning assets, and 153 percent growth in trading securities.
LOANS
Average total loans increased 18 percent for third quarter 2005 to $18.7 billion from $15.9 billion in 2004. Average loans represented 56 percent of average earning assets in third quarter 2005 and 66 percent in 2004.
Commercial, financial and industrial loans increased 25 percent, or $1.2 billion, since third quarter 2004 reflecting greater demand for loans as the economy improved and increased market share in Tennessee. Commercial construction loans grew 84 percent since third quarter 2004 or $790.8 million, primarily from growth in loans to single-family residential builders made through First Horizon Home Loans, reflecting the demand for single-family housing and expansion of the sales force and geographic reach. The retail real estate construction portfolio increased 120 percent or $897.8 million since third quarter 2004. Retail real estate construction loans are made to individuals for the purpose of constructing a home where FHN is committed to make the permanent mortgage. The increase in these loans reflects the favorable housing environment and expansion of the sales force and geographic reach. Additional loan information is provided in Table 6 - Average Loans.
FHN has a significant concentration in loans secured by real estate which is geographically diversified nationwide. In 2005, 65 percent of total loans are secured by real estate compared to 66 percent in 2004 (see Table 6). Two lending products have contributed to this increased level of real estate lending - retail real estate construction which grew 120 percent and commercial construction lending which grew 84 percent led by growth in loans to single-family builders. FHN's commercial real estate lending is well-diversified by product type and industry. On September 30, 2005, FHN did not have any concentrations of 10 percent or more of total commercial, financial and industrial loans in any single industry.
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Table 6 - Average Loans | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30 |
| | | Percent | Growth | | | Percent |
(Dollars in millions) | | 2005 | of Total | Rate | | 2004 | of Total |
Commercial: | | | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and industrial | $ 6,176.2 | 33% | 25.1 % | | $ 4,935.3 | 31% |
Real estate commercial | | 1,163.2 | 6 | 21.1 | | 960.2 | 6 |
Real estate construction | | 1,735.9 | 9 | 83.7 | | 945.1 | 6 |
Total commercial | | 9,075.3 | 48 | 32.7 | | 6,840.6 | 43 |
Retail: | | | | | | | |
Real estate residential | | 7,593.7 | 41 | (3.3) | | 7,852.6 | 50 |
Real estate construction | | 1,643.9 | 9 | 120.3 | | 746.1 | 5 |
Other retail | | 167.5 | 1 | (7.0) | | 180.0 | 1 |
Credit card receivables | | 241.6 | 1 | 1.0 | | 239.3 | 1 |
Total retail | | 9,646.7 | 52 | 7.0 | | 9,018.0 | 57 |
Total loans, net of unearned | | $ 18,722.0 | 100% | 18.1 % | | $ 15,858.6 | 100% |
Commercial loan growth should be strong as a result of our national expansion of single-family residential construction lending and greater market demand for commercial and industrial loans. Year-over-year growth in retail loans will be primarily driven by leveraging our national sales platform.
LOANS HELD FOR SALE
Loans held for sale, consisting primarily of mortgage-related loans including first- and second-lien mortgages and HELOC, increased 72 percent to $6.9 billion in 2005 from $4.0 billion in 2004. This growth is related to higher levels of HELOC and second-lien mortgages held for sale and securitization as FHN continues to fund loan growth and maintain a stable liquidity position through whole-loan sales or securitizations. In addition, mortgage warehouse loans increased due to the higher level of originations in 2005.
TRADING SECURITIES / OTHER EARNING ASSETS
Trading securities increased 153 percent to $2.4 billion in 2005 from $1.0 billion in 2004. Other earning assets increased 249 percent to $2.5 billion in 2005 from $.7 billion in 2004. These increases were primarily attributable to the acquisition of SLK.
DEPOSITS / OTHER SOURCES OF FUNDS
Core deposits increased 17 percent to $12.5 billion in third quarter 2005 compared to $10.7 billion in 2004, primarily due to expansion strategies which emphasize a focus on convenient hours, free checking and targeted financial center expansion. Short-term purchased funds averaged $19.3 billion for third quarter 2005, up 67 percent or $7.7 billion from third quarter 2004. In third quarter 2005, short-term purchased funds accounted for 56 percent of FHN's total funding, which is comprised of core deposits, purchased funds (including federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, trading liabilities, certificates of deposit greater than $100,000, and short-term borrowings) and term borrowings, and accounted for 47 percent of total funding in third qua rter 2004. Term borrowings include senior and subordinated borrowings and advances with original maturities greater than one year. Term borrowings averaged $2.4 billion in third quarter 2005 compared to $2.3 billion in third quarter 2004.
FINANCIAL SUMMARY (Comparison of first nine months of 2005 to first nine months of 2004)
For the first nine months of 2005, earnings totaled $328.1 million or $2.55 diluted earnings per share. For the same period in 2004, earnings were $351.3 million or $2.73 diluted earnings per share. Return on average shareholders' equity was 20.8 percent and return on average assets was 1.21 percent for the first nine months of 2005 compared to 24.9 percent and 1.76 percent, respectively, for the first nine months of 2004.
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For the first nine months of 2005, total revenues were $1,785.5 million, an increase of 6 percent from $1,677.9 million in 2004. Noninterest income increased to $1,056.3 million from $1,050.0 million in 2004. Noninterest expense increased 11 percent to $1,250.1 million for the nine-month period in 2005 compared to $1,121.6 million in 2004.
INCOME STATEMENT REVIEW
Noninterest income for the first nine months of 2005 was $1,056.3 million and contributed 59 percent to total revenues as compared to $1,050.0 million, or 63 percent of total revenues in 2004. Mortgage banking noninterest income increased 5 percent to $368.2 million from $350.0 million. During this period, fees from the origination process increased $47.9 million while net servicing income declined $30.4 million. Servicing fees increased $38.6 million or 23 percent and amortization of capitalized MSR increased 27 percent, or $29.5 million in 2005 as the servicing portfolio increased 15 percent to $93.6 billion. MSR impairment increased $6.3 million, while net hedge results had a negative impact of $32.9 million. See Table 2 - Mortgage Banking Noninterest Income for a breakout of noninterest income as well as mortgage banking origination volume and servicing portfolio levels. Fee income from capital markets decreased 9 percent to $272.1 million from $300.0 million for 2004. For the first nine months of 2005, all other noninterest income categories grew 4 percent, or $16.0 million, to $416.0 million. This growth was led by revenue from loan sales and securitizations which increased 284 percent or $25.5 million, merchant processing noninterest income which increased 20 percent or $11.0 million, a $7.7 million settlement received from an insurance company, and $3.2 million increase in deposit service charges. Partially offsetting these increases was a $9.1 million write-off in 2005 of net capitalized expenses on HELO C held for sale that prepaid faster than anticipated. In addition, security gains of $24.5 million primarily from sales of securities and divestiture gains of $3.8 million from the sale of certain merchant relationships were recognized in 2004. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
Net interest income increased 16 percent to $729.2 million from $627.9 million for the first nine months of 2004 while earning assets increased 37 percent to $31.5 billion from $23.1 billion in 2004. The year-to-date consolidated margin decreased to 3.09 percent in 2005 from 3.63 percent in 2004. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
Total noninterest expense for the first nine months of 2005 increased 11 percent to $1,250.1 million from $1,121.6 million in 2004. Personnel expense increased $66.2 million or 10 percent in 2005 primarily due to growth initiatives in Retail/Commercial Banking. All other expense categories increased 14 percent or $62.3 million in 2005, which included growth in occupancy expense, operations services, contract employment, legal and professional fees, and dividends on FTBNA perpetual preferred stock. The provision for loan losses increased 41 percent to $51.5 million from $36.6 million in the first nine months of 2004. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
BUSINESS LINE REVIEW
Retail/Commercial Banking
For the first nine months of 2005, pre-tax income increased 23 percent to $341.6 million from $277.1 million in 2004. Total revenues for the nine-month period were $1,005.8 million, an increase of 18 percent from $853.2 million in 2004. Net interest income increased 26 percent, or $131.2 million as earning assets grew 27 percent. Noninterest income increased 6 percent, or $21.4 million primarily due to increased revenue from loan sales and securitizations and merchant processing. Provision for loan losses increased 40 percent in 2005 to $51.1 million from $36.6 million as the loan portfolio has grown by 19 percent compared to the first nine months of 2004. Total noninterest expense for the nine-month period increased 14 percent to $613.1 million from $539.5 million in 2004. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
Mortgage Banking
For the first nine months of 2005 pre-tax income decreased 5 percent to $151.2 million from $159.8 million in 2004. Total revenues for the nine-month period were $503.8 million, an increase of 5 percent from $477.6 million in 2004. During this period, fees from the origination process increased $47.9 million while net servicing income declined $30.4 million as higher servicing fees were offset by increased amortization and a decline in net hedge results. See Table 2 - Mortgage Banking Noninterest Income for a breakout of noninterest income as well as mortgage banking origination volume and servicing portfolio levels. Total noninterest expense for the nine-month period increased 11 percent to $352.2 million from $317.8 millio n in 2004. Total noninterest expense increased primarily due to growth in the sales force and increased production volume. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
Capital Markets
For the first nine months of 2005 pre-tax income decreased to $20.3 million from $77.3 million in 2004. Total revenues for the nine-month period
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were $260.4 million, a decrease of 16 percent from $308.7 million in 2004. Total noninterest expense for the nine-month period increased 4 percent to $240.1 million from $231.4 million in 2004 primarily due to amortization and other increased costs resulting from the SLK and Alterity acquisitions. This impact was partially offset by decreased personnel expenses resulting from lower commissions and incentives associated with the reduced fee income this year. The reasons for the year-to-date trends were similar to the quarterly trend information already discussed.
Corporate
For the first nine months of 2005, Corporate had a pre-tax loss of $29.2 million compared to a pre-tax gain of $5.5 million in 2004. Included in 2005 was $7.0 million in dividends on noncumulative perpetual preferred stock issued in the first quarter 2005, while 2004 results include $23.6 million of net security gains.
CAPITAL
Management's objectives are to provide capital sufficient to cover the risks inherent in FHN's businesses, to maintain excess capital to well-capitalized standards and to assure ready access to the capital markets.
Average shareholders' equity increased 15 percent in third quarter 2005 to $2.2 billion from $1.9 billion, reflecting internal capital generation. Period-end shareholders' equity was $2.3 billion on September 30, 2005, up 14 percent from 2004. The increase in shareholders' equity during 2005 came principally from retention of net income after dividends and the effects of stock option exercises. Pursuant to board authority, FHN may repurchase shares from time to time and will evaluate the level of capital and take action designed to generate or use capital as appropriate, for the interests of the shareholders. In order to maintain FHN's well-capitalized status while sustaining strong balance sheet growth, FHN has raised approximate ly $295 million of additional capital and has not repurchased a significant number of shares since September 30, 2004.
Table 7 - Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
(Volume in thousands) | | Total Number of Shares Purchased | | Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
2005 | | | | | | | | | |
July 1 to July 31 | | - | | - | | - | | 30,010 |
August 1 to August 31 | | - | | - | | - | | 30,010 |
September 1 to September 30 | | - | | - | | - | | 30,010 |
Total | | | - | | - | | - | | |
Compensation Plan Programs: |
- | A consolidated compensation plan share purchase program was approved on July 20, 2004 and was announced on August 6, 2004. This plan consolidates into a single share purchase program all of the previously authorized compensation plan share programs as well as the renewal of the authorization to purchase shares for use in connection with two compensation plans for which the share purchase authority had expired. The total amount authorized under this consolidated compensation plan share purchase program is 25.1 million shares which may be purchased over the option exercise period of the various compensation plans on or before December 31, 2023. Stock options granted after January 2, 2004, must be exercised no later than the tenth anniversary of the grant date. |
Other Programs: |
- | A non-stock option plan-related authority was announced on October 18, 2000, authorizing the purchase of up to 9.5 million shares. On October 16, 2001, it was announced that FHN's board of directors extended the expiration date of this program from June 30, 2002, until December 31, 2004. On October 19, 2004, the board of directors extended the authorization until December 31, 2007. |
Banking regulators define minimum capital ratios for bank holding companies and their bank subsidiaries. Based on the capital rules and definitions prescribed by the banking regulators, should any depository institution's capital ratios decline below predetermined levels, it would become subject to a series of increasingly restrictive regulatory actions. The system categorizes a depository institution's capital position into one of five categories ranging from well-capitalized to critically under-capitalized. For an institution to qualify as well-capitalized, Tier 1 Capital, Total Capital and Leverage capital ratios must be at least 6 percent, 10 percent and 5 percent, respectively. As of September 30, 2005, FHN and FTBNA had suff icient capital to qualify as well-capitalized institutions as shown in Note 6 - Regulatory Capital.
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RISK MANAGEMENT
FHN has an enterprise-wide approach to risk governance, measurement, management, and reporting including an economic capital allocation process that is tied to risk profiles used to measure risk-adjusted returns. The Enterprise-wide Risk/Return Management Committee oversees risk management governance. Committee membership includes the CEO and other executive officers of FHN. The Executive Vice President (EVP) of Risk Management oversees reporting for the committee. Risk management objectives include evaluating risks inherent in business strategies, monitoring proper balance of risks and returns, and managing risks to minimize the probability of future negative outcomes. The Enterprise - -wide Risk/Return Management Committee oversees and receives regular reports from the Senior Credit Policy Committee, Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO), Capital Management Committee and Operational Risk Committee. The EVP and Chief Credit Officer, EVP of Interest Rate Risk Management, EVP and Chief Financial Officer and EVP of Risk Management chair these committees respectively. Reports regarding Credit, Asset/Liability, Market, Capital Management and Operational Risks are provided to the Executive and Audit Committees of the Board and to the full Board.
Risk management practices include key elements such as independent checks and balances, formal authority limits, policies and procedures, and portfolio management all executed through experienced personnel. The internal audit department also evaluates risk management activities. These activities include performing internal audits, the results of which are reviewed with management and the Audit Committee, as appropriate.
INTEREST RATE RISK MANAGEMENT
Interest rate sensitivity risk is defined as the risk that future changes in interest rates will adversely impact income. The primary objective of managing interest rate risk is to minimize the volatility to earnings from changes in interest rates and preserve the value of FHN's capital. ALCO, a committee consisting of senior management that meets regularly, is responsible for coordinating the financial management of interest rate risk. FHN primarily manages interest rate risk by structuring the balance sheet to attempt to maintain the desired level of net interest income while managing interest rate risk and liquidity. In some instances derivatives are used to manage interest rate risk.
Net interest income and the financial condition of FHN are affected by changes in the level of market interest rates as the repricing characteristics of its loans and other assets do not necessarily match those of its deposits, other borrowings and capital. To the extent that earning assets reprice more quickly than liabilities, this position will benefit net interest income in a rising interest rate environment and will negatively impact net interest income in a declining interest rate environment. In the case of floating-rate assets and liabilities, FHN may also be exposed to basis risk, which results from changing spreads between loan and deposit rates. Generally, when interest rates decline the prepayment risk for MSR in Mortgage Banking increases.
In certain cases, derivative financial instruments are used to aid in managing the exposure of the balance sheet and related net interest income and noninterest income to changes in interest rates. For example, Mortgage Banking uses derivatives to protect against MSR prepayment risk and against changes in fair value of the mortgage pipeline and warehouse. Capital Markets uses derivatives to protect against the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of its inventory due to changes in interest rates. The prepayment risk in our loan portfolio is not hedged with derivatives or otherwise.
In addition to the impact to balance sheet accounts, the income from Mortgage Banking and Capital Markets are affected by changes in interest rates. Generally, an increase in rates should reduce origination fees and profit from the sale of loans. A flattening yield curve negatively impacts Mortgage Banking's hedging costs as well as warehouse spreads. In addition, a flattening yield curve at a time of uncertainty concerning the future interest rate environment negatively impacts the demand for fixed income securities and, therefore, Capital Markets' revenue, as well as trading inventory spreads.
LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT
ALCO focuses on being able to fund assets with liabilities of the appropriate duration, as well as the risk of not being able to meet unexpected cash needs. The objective of liquidity management is to ensure the continuous availability of funds to meet the demands of depositors, other creditors and borrowers, and the requirements of ongoing operations. This objective is met by maintaining liquid assets in the form of trading securities and securities available for sale, maintaining sufficient unused borrowing capacity in the national money markets, growing core deposits, and the repayment of loans and the capability to sell or securitize loans. ALCO is responsible for managing these needs by taking into account the marketability of assets; the sources, stability and availabi lity of funding; and the level of unfunded commitments. Funds are available from a number of sources, including core deposits, the securities available for sale portfolio, the Federal Home Loan Bank, the Federal Reserve Banks, access to capital markets through issuance of senior or subordinated bank notes and
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institutional certificates of deposit, availability to the overnight and term Federal Funds markets, access to retail brokered certificates of deposit, dealer and commercial customer repurchase agreements, and through the sale or securitization of loans.
Core deposits are a significant source of funding and have been a stable source of liquidity for banks. These deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to the extent authorized by law. For third quarter 2005 and 2004, the average total loans, excluding loans held for sale, to core deposits ratio was 150 percent and 148 percent, respectively. As loan growth currently exceeds core deposit growth, alternative sources of funding loan growth may be necessary in order to maintain an adequate liquidity position. One means of maintaining a stable liquidity position is to sell loans either through whole-loan sales or loan securitizations. FHN periodically evaluates its li quidity position in conjunction with determining its ability and intent to hold loans to maturity.
FTBNA also has the ability to enhance its liquidity position by issuing preferred equity or incurring other debt. FHN also evaluates alternative sources of funding, including loan sales, securitizations, syndications, Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings, debt offerings and equity offerings in its management of liquidity. Due to considerable growth of the HELOC portfolio, whole-loan sales and securitizations of this loan type are an important funding source.
Prior to February 2005, FTBNA had a bank note program under which the bank was able to borrow funds from time to time at maturities of 30 days to 30 years. This bank note program has been terminated in connection with the establishment of a new program. That termination does not affect any previously-issued notes outstanding. In February 2005, FTBNA established a new bank note program providing additional liquidity of $5.0 billion. This bank note program provides FTBNA with a facility under which it may continuously issue and offer short- and medium-term unsecured notes. On September 30, 2005, $4.7 billion was available under current conditions through the bank note program as a f unding source.
Liquidity has also been obtained through FTBNA's issuance of 300,000 shares of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock which provided approximately $295 million additional capital (see also Note 10 - Preferred Stock of Subsidiary). In addition, liquidity has been obtained through issuance of $300.0 million of guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in FHN's junior subordinated debentures through two Delaware business trusts wholly owned by FHN and through preferred stock issued by an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of FHN ($45.3 million on September 30, 2005).
The Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows provide information on cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the nine-month periods ending September 30, 2005 and 2004. Net cash provided by financing activities was the primary contributor to an increase in cash and cash equivalents for both nine-month periods, mainly resulting from growth in deposits. In 2004 the issuance of term borrowings also contributed to positive cash flows from financing activities. These funds were utilized to meet liquidity needs related to strong loan growth that resulted in negative cash flows from investing activities in 2005 and 2004. Acquisition activity also contributed to negative cash flows from investing activitie s in 2005. Positive cash flows from sales and maturities of investment securities in 2004 were primarily used to fund balance sheet growth resulting from a delayed HELOC securitization. Earnings represent a significant source of liquidity, providing positive operating cash flows in both years. In 2004 net cash flows from operating activities were negative primarily due to increased funding requirements resulting from the delayed HELOC securitization and growth in MSR and other retained interests resulting from securitization activities.
Parent company liquidity is maintained by cash flows from dividends and interest payments collected from subsidiaries, which represent the primary source of funds to pay dividends to shareholders and interest to debt holders. The parent company also has the ability to enhance its liquidity position by raising equity or incurring debt. Under an effective shelf registration statement on file with the SEC, FHN, as of September 30, 2005, may offer from time to time at its discretion, debt securities, and common and preferred stock aggregating up to $125 million. In addition, $50 million of borrowings under unsecured lines of credit from non-affiliated banks were available to the parent company to provide for general liquidity needs.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND OTHER CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
First Horizon Home Loans originates mortgage loans through its retail and wholesale operations and also purchases mortgage loans from third-party mortgage bankers (known as correspondent brokers) for sale to secondary market investors and subsequently services the majority of those loans. Additionally, FTN Financial Capital Assets Corporation frequently purchases the same types of loans from customers. Substantially all of these mortgage loans are exchanged for securities, which are issued through investors, including government-sponsored enterprises (GSE), such as GNMA for federally insured loans and FNMA and FHLMC for conventional loans, and then sold in the secondary markets. Each of the GSE has specific guidelines and criteria for sellers and servicers of loans backing t heir respective securities. Many private investors are also active in the secondary market as issuers and investors. The risk of credit loss with regard to the principal amount of the loans sold is generally transferred to investors upon sale to the secondary market. To the extent that transferred loans are subsequently determined not to meet the agreed upon qualifications or criteria, the purchaser has the right to return
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those loans to FHN. In addition, certain mortgage loans are sold to investors with limited or full recourse in the event of mortgage foreclosure (refer to discussion of foreclosure reserves under Critical Accounting Policies). After sale, these loans are not reflected on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition.
FHN's use of GSE as an efficient outlet for mortgage loan production is an essential source of liquidity for FHN and other participants in the housing industry. During third quarter 2005, $5.2 billion of conventional and federally insured mortgage loans were securitized and sold by First Horizon Home Loans through these GSE.
Certain of FHN's originated loans, including second-lien mortgages and HELOC originated primarily through FTBNA, do not conform to the requirements for sale or securitization through GSE. FHN pools and securitizes these non-conforming loans in proprietary transactions. After securitization and sale, these loans are not reflected on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition. These transactions, which are conducted through single-purpose business trusts, are the most efficient way for FHN and other participants in the housing industry to monetize these assets. On September 30, 2005, the outstanding principal amount of loans in these off-balance sheet business trusts was $16.9 billion. Given the significance of FHN's origination of non-conforming loans, the use of single-purpose business trusts to securitize these loans is an important source of liquidity to FHN.
FHN has various other financial obligations which may require future cash payments. Purchase obligations represent obligations under agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding on FHN and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased, fixed, minimum or variable price provisions, and the approximate timing of the transaction. In addition, FHN enters into commitments to extend credit to borrowers, including loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit. These commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, in that these commitments often expire without being drawn upon.
MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT
Capital markets buys and sells various types of securities for its customers. When these securities settle on a delayed basis, they are considered forward contracts. Inventory positions are limited to the procurement of securities solely for distribution to customers by the sales staff, and ALCO policies and guidelines have been established with the objective of limiting the risk in managing this inventory.
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
The capital management objectives of FHN are to provide capital sufficient to cover the risks inherent in FHN's businesses, to maintain excess capital to well-capitalized standards and to assure ready access to the capital markets. Management has a Capital Management committee that is responsible for capital management oversight and provides a forum for addressing management issues related to capital adequacy. The committee reviews sources and uses of capital, key capital ratios, segment economic capital allocation methodologies, and other factors in monitoring and managing current capital levels, as well as potential future sources and uses of capital. The committee also recommends capital management policies, which are submitted for approval to the Enterprise-wide Risk/Return Management Committee and the Board.
CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT
Credit risk is the risk of loss due to adverse changes in a borrower's ability to meet its financial obligations under agreed upon terms. FHN is subject to credit risk in lending, trading, investing, liquidity/funding and asset management activities. The nature and amount of credit risk depends on the types of transactions, the structure of those transactions and the parties involved. In general, credit risk is incidental to trading, liquidity/funding and asset management activities, while it is central to the profit strategy in lending. As a result, the majority of credit risk is associated with lending activities.
FHN has processes and management committees in place that are designed to assess and monitor credit risks. Management's Asset Quality Committee has the responsibility to evaluate its assessment of current asset quality for each lending product. In addition, the Asset Quality Committee evaluates the projected changes in classified loans, non-performing assets and charge-offs. A primary objective of this committee is to provide information about changing trends in asset quality by region or loan product, and to provide to senior management a current assessment of credit quality as part of the estimation process for determining the allowance for loan losses. The Senior Credit Watch Committee has primary responsibility to enforce proper loan risk grading, to identify credit problems, and to monitor actions to rehabilitate certain credits. Management also has a Senior Credit Policy Committee that is responsible for enterprise-wide credit risk oversight and provides a forum for addressing management issues. The committee also recommends credit policies, which are submitted for approval to the Executive Committee of the Board, and underwriting guidelines to manage the level and composition of credit risk in its loan portfolio and
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review performance relative to these policies. In addition, the Financial Counterparty Credit Committee, composed of senior managers, assesses the credit risk of financial counterparties and sets limits for exposure based upon the credit quality of the counterparty. FHN's goal is to manage risk and price loan products based on risk management decisions and strategies. Management strives to identify potential problem loans and nonperforming loans early enough to correct the deficiencies. It is management's objective that both charge-offs and asset write-downs are recorded promptly, based on management's assessments of current collateral values and the borrower's ability to repay.
OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT
Operational risk is the risk of loss from inadequate or failed internal processes, people, and systems or from external events. This risk is inherent in all businesses. Management, measurement, and reporting of operational risk are overseen by the Operational Risk Committee, which is chaired by the EVP of Risk Management. Key representatives from the business segments, legal, shared services, risk management, and insurance are represented on the committee. Subcommittees manage and report on business continuity planning, data security, insurance, compliance, records management, product and system development and reputation risks. Summary reports of the committee's activities and decisi ons are provided to the Enterprise-wide Risk/Return Management Committee. Significant emphasis is dedicated to refinement of processes and tools to aid in measuring and managing material operational risks and providing for a culture of awareness and accountability.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
FHN's accounting policies are fundamental to understanding management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations. The consolidated condensed financial statements of FHN are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and follow general practices within the industries in which it operates. The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make certain judgments and assumptions in determining accounting estimates. Accounting estimates are considered critical if (a) the estimate requires management to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made, and (b) different estimates reasonably could have been used in the current period, or changes in the accounting estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, that would have a material impact on the presentation of FHN's financial condition, changes in financial condition or results of operations.
It is management's practice to discuss critical accounting policies with the Board of Directors' Audit Committee including the development, selection and disclosure of the critical accounting estimates. Management believes the following critical accounting policies are both important to the portrayal of the company's financial condition and results of operations and require subjective or complex judgments. These judgments about critical accounting estimates are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements.
MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS AND OTHER RELATED RETAINED INTERESTS
When First Horizon Home Loans sells mortgage loans in the secondary market to investors, it generally retains the right to service the loans sold in exchange for a servicing fee that is collected over the life of the loan as the payments are received from the borrower. An amount is capitalized as MSR on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition based on the expected present value of the anticipated cash flows received for servicing the loan, net of the estimated costs of servicing the loan. During third quarter 2005 and 2004, First Horizon Home Loans capitalized $129.3 million and $162.0 million, respectively, of MSR in connection with sales of first-lien mortgage loans in the secondary market and acquisition of servicing rights from third parties. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, the total outstanding principal amount of First Horizon Home Loans' first-lien servicing portfolio aggregated $93.6 billion and $81.6 billion, respectively.
MSR Estimated Fair Value
The fair value of MSR typically rises as market interest rates increase and declines as market interest rates decrease; however, the extent to which this occurs depends in part on (1) the magnitude of changes in market interest rates, and (2) the differential between the then current market interest rates for mortgage loans and the mortgage interest rates included in the mortgage-servicing portfolio.
Since sales of MSR tend to occur in private transactions and the precise terms and conditions of the sales are typically not readily available, there is a limited market to refer to in determining the fair value of MSR. As such, like other participants in the mortgage banking business, First Horizon Home Loans relies primarily on a discounted cash flow model to estimate the fair value of its MSR. This model calculates estimated fair value of the MSR using numerous tranches of MSR, which share similar key characteristics, such as interest rates, type of product (fixed vs. variable), age (new, seasoned, moderate), agency type and other factors. First Horizon Home Loans uses assumptions in
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the model that it believes are comparable to those used by other participants in the mortgage banking business and reviews estimated fair values and assumptions with third-party brokers and other service providers on a quarterly basis. First Horizon Home Loans also compares its estimates of fair value and assumptions to recent market activity and against its own experience.
Estimating the cash flow components of net servicing income from the loan and the resultant fair value of the MSR requires FHN to make several critical assumptions based upon current market and loan production data.
Prepayment Speeds: Generally, when market interest rates decline and other factors favorable to prepayments occur there is a corresponding increase in prepayments as customers refinance existing mortgages under more favorable interest rate terms. When a mortgage loan is prepaid the anticipated cash flows associated with servicing that loan are terminated, resulting in impairment of the fair value of the capitalized MSR. To the extent that actual borrower prepayments do not react as anticipated by the prepayment model (i.e., the historical data observed in the model does not correspond to actual market activity), it is possible that the prepayment model could fail to accurately predict mortgage prepayments and could result in significant earnings volatility. To est imate prepayment speeds, First Horizon Home Loans utilizes a third-party prepayment model, which is based upon statistically derived data linked to certain key principal indicators involving historical borrower prepayment activity associated with mortgage loans in the secondary market, current market interest rates and other factors, including First Horizon Home Loans' own historical prepayment experience. For purposes of model valuation, estimates are made for each product type within the MSR portfolio on a monthly basis.
Discount Rate: Represents the rate at which the expected cash flows are discounted to arrive at the net present value of servicing income. Discount rates will change with market conditions (i.e., supply vs. demand) and be reflective of the yields expected to be earned by market participants investing in MSR.
Cost to Service: Expected costs to service are estimated based upon the incremental costs that a market participant would use in evaluating the potential acquisition of MSR.
Float Income: Estimated float income is driven by expected float balances (principal, interest and escrow payments that are held pending remittance to the investor or other third party) and current market interest rates, including the thirty-day London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and five-year swap interest rates, which are updated on a monthly basis for purposes of estimating the fair value of MSR.
First Horizon Home Loans engages in a process referred to as "price discovery" on a quarterly basis to assess the reasonableness of the estimated fair value of MSR. Price discovery is conducted through a process of obtaining the following information: (a) quarterly informal (and an annual formal) valuation of the servicing portfolio by an independent third party: a prominent mortgage-servicing broker, and (b) a collection of surveys and benchmarking data made available by independent third parties that include peer participants in the mortgage banking business. Although there is no single source of market information that can be relied upon to assess the fair value of MSR, First Horizon Home Loans reviews all information obtained during price discovery to determine whether the estimated fair value of MSR is r easonable when compared to market information. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, First Horizon Home Loans determined that its MSR valuations and assumptions were reasonable based on the price discovery process.
The First Horizon Risk Management Committee (FHRMC) submits the overall assessment of the estimated fair value of MSR monthly for review. The FHRMC is responsible for approving the critical assumptions used by management to determine the estimated fair value of First Horizon Home Loans' MSR. Each quarter, FHN's MSR Committee reviews the original valuation, impairment, and the initial capitalization rates for newly originated MSR. In addition, each quarter the Executive Committee of FHN's board of directors reviews the initial capitalization rates and approves the amortization expense.
MSR are included on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition, net of accumulated amortization. The changes in value of MSR are included as a component of Mortgage Banking - Noninterest Income on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income.
Hedging the Fair Value of MSR
First Horizon Home Loans also enters into interest rate contracts (including swaps, swaptions, and mortgage forward sales contracts) to hedge against the effects of changes in fair value of its MSR due solely to changes in the benchmark interest rate (10-year LIBOR swap rate). Substantially all capitalized MSR are hedged for economic purposes with the vast majority of MSR routinely qualifying for hedge accounting. For purposes of measuring effectiveness of the hedge, time decay and recognized net interest income, including changes in value attributable to changes in spot and forward prices, if applicable, are excluded from the change in value of the related derivatives. Interest rate derivative contracts used to hedge against interest rate risk in the servicing portfolio are designated to specific risk tranches of serv icing. First Horizon Home Loans enters into hedges of the MSR to minimize the effects of loss in value of MSR associated with increased prepayment activity that generally results from declining interest rates. In a rising interest rate environment, the value of the MSR
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generally will increase while the value of the hedge instruments will decline. Hedges are reset at least monthly and more frequently, as needed, to respond to changes in interest rates or hedge composition. Generally, a coverage ratio approximating 100 percent is maintained on hedged MSR. Prior to acquiring a new hedge instrument, First Horizon Home Loans performs a prospective evaluation of anticipated hedge effectiveness by reviewing the historical regression between the underlying index of the proposed hedge instrument and the mortgage rate. At the end of each hedge period, the change in the fair value of the hedged MSR asset due to the change in benchmark interest rate is calculated and becomes a historical data point. Retrospective hedge effectiveness is determined by performing a regression analysis of all collected data points over a rolling 12-month period. Effective hedging under SFAS No. 133 results in adjustments to the recorded value of the MSR. These basis adjustments, as well as the change in fair value of derivatives attributable to effective hedging, are included as a component of servicing income in mortgage banking noninterest income.
MSR subject to SFAS No. 133 hedges totaled $1.2 billion and $1.0 billion on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Related derivative net assets were $4.5 million and $93.9 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For third quarter 2005 and 2004, SFAS No. 133 hedge ineffectiveness was a net loss of $3.7 million and a net gain of $16.3 million, respectively. These amounts were recognized as a component of net servicing income in mortgage banking noninterest income. Included in these amounts were a loss of $1.1 million and a gain of $9.4 million in third quarter 2005 and 2004, respectively, representing recognized net interest income and time decay on various hedges, which were excluded for purposes of measuring hed ge effectiveness. The remaining ineffectiveness was a net loss of $2.5 million and a net gain of $6.9 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
First Horizon Home Loans generally experiences increased loan origination and production in periods of low interest rates, which at the time of sale result in the capitalization of new MSR associated with new production. This provides for a "natural hedge" in the mortgage banking business cycle. New production and origination does not prevent First Horizon Home Loans from recognizing impairment expense on existing servicing rights as a result of prepayments; rather, the new production volume results in loan origination fees and the capitalization of MSR as a component of realized gains related to the sale of such loans in the secondary market, thus the natural hedge, which tends to offset a portion of the MSR impairment charges during a period of low interest rates. In a period of increased borrower prepayments, impairment can be significantly offset by a strong replenishment rate and strong net margins on new loan originations. To the extent that First Horizon Home Loans is unable to maintain a strong replenishment rate, or in the event that the net margin on new loan originations declines from historical experience, the value of the natural hedge may diminish, thereby significantly impacting the results of operations in a period of increased borrower prepayments.
First Horizon Home Loans does not specifically hedge the change in fair value of MSR attributed to other risks, including unanticipated prepayments (representing the difference between actual prepayment experience and estimated prepayments derived from the model, as described above), basis risk (meaning, the risk that changes in the benchmark interest rate may not correlate to changes in the mortgage market interest rate), discount rates, cost to service and other factors. To the extent that these other factors result in changes to the fair value of MSR, First Horizon experiences volatility in current earnings due to the fact that these risks are not currently hedged.
Actual vs. Estimated Prepayment Assumptions
As discussed above, the estimate of the cash flow components of net servicing income associated with MSR requires management to make several critical assumptions based upon current market and loan production data, including prepayment speeds, discount rate, cost to service and float income. Inherent in estimating such assumptions are uncertainties associated with the mortgage banking business (primarily, the change in market interest rates which vary significantly due to multiple economic and non-economic factors) as well as the composition of the MSR portfolio, which is not static and changes significantly based upon the production and sale of new loans, customer prepayment experience and other factors. As a result, the estimated assumptions used to value MSR - particularly the estimate of prepayment speeds - can vary significantly from actual experience, resulting in the recognition of additional impairment charges in current earnings. Table 8 provides a summary of actual and estimated weighted average prepayment speeds used in determining the estimated fair value of MSR for the quarters ended September 30, 2005 and 2004.
Each month the actual cash flows of the last 12 months from the total servicing portfolio are compared with the expected cash flow assumptions. Although actual cash flows of individual components differ from expected cash flows, the difference for overall cash flows from the entire servicing portfolio for each of the 12-month periods ending September 30, 2005 and 2004 was negligible.
For the quarters ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, the amortization rates calculated by the model were 16.9 percent and 14.8 percent, respectively, while the related actual runoff was 29.0 percent and 22.4 percent, respectively. There was no impairment expense during third quarter 2005, which was a $13.4 million improvement over the same period last year. Mortgage rates declined during third quarter 2004, leading to lower projections of future cash flows and consequently a lower estimated fair value of the MSR asset. While the actual runoff rates tend to lag interest rate changes, impairment expense generally has an immediate response to changes in the prevailing interest rate environment as FHN's valuation model incorporates all current market drivers when generating futur e cash flow estimates. To the extent such changes in future cash flows are not completely hedged using derivative instruments, impairment expense can vary accordingly. The
42
lower MSR estimated fair value necessitated the aforementioned impairment charge. Mortgage rates rose during third quarter of this year, resulting in an increased estimated fair value of the MSR asset and no impairment expense.
Table 8 - Mortgage Banking Prepayment Assumptions | | | | |
| | | | | | | Three Months Ended |
| | | | | | | September 30 |
(Dollars in millions) | | | | | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Prepayment speeds | | | | | | | | |
| Actual | | | | | 29.0% | | 22.4% |
| Estimated* | | | | | | 25.7 | | 17.8 |
* Estimated prepayment speeds represent monthly average prepayment speed estimates for each of the periods presented.
Interest-Only Certificates Fair Value - Residential Mortgage Loans
In certain cases, when First Horizon Home Loans sells mortgage loans in the secondary market, it retains an interest in the mortgage loans sold primarily through interest-only certificates. Interest-only certificates are financial assets, which represent rights to receive earnings from serviced assets that exceed contractually specified servicing fees. Consistent with MSR, the fair value of an interest-only certificate typically rises as market interest rates increase and declines as market interest rates decrease. Additionally, similar to MSR, the market for interest-only certificates is limited, and the precise terms of transactions involving interest-only certificates are not typically readily available. Accordingly, First Hori zon Home Loans relies primarily on a discounted cash flow model to estimate the fair value of its interest-only certificates.
Estimating the cash flow components and the resultant fair value of the interest-only certificates requires First Horizon Home Loans to make certain critical assumptions based upon current market and loan production data. The primary critical assumptions used by First Horizon Home Loans to estimate the fair value of interest-only securities include prepayment speeds and discount rates, as discussed above. First Horizon Home Loans' interest-only certificates are included as a component of trading securities on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition, with realized and unrealized gains and losses included in current earnings as a component of mortgage banking income on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income.
Hedging the Fair Value of Interest-Only Certificates
First Horizon Home Loans utilizes derivatives (including swaps, swaptions, and mortgage forward sales contracts) that change in value inversely to the movement of interest rates to protect the value of its interest-only securities as an economic hedge. Realized and unrealized gains and losses associated with the change in fair value of derivatives used in the economic hedge of interest-only securities are included in current earnings in mortgage banking noninterest income as a component of servicing income. Interest-only securities are included in trading securities with changes in fair value recognized currently in earnings in mortgage banking noninterest income as a component of servicing income.
The extent to which the change in fair value of interest-only securities is offset by the change in fair value of the derivatives used to hedge these instruments depends primarily on the hedge coverage ratio maintained by First Horizon Home Loans. Also, as noted above, to the extent that actual borrower prepayments do not react as anticipated by the prepayment model (i.e., the historical data observed in the model does not correspond to actual market activity), it is possible that the prepayment model could fail to accurately predict mortgage prepayments, which could significantly impact First Horizon Home Loans' ability to effectively hedge certain components of the change in fair value of interest-only certificates and could result in significant earnings volatility.
Residual-Interest Certificates Fair Value - HELOC and Second-lien Mortgages
In certain cases, when FHN sells HELOC or second-lien mortgages in the secondary market, it retains an interest in the loans sold primarily through a residual-interest certificate. Residual-interest certificates are financial assets which represent rights to receive earnings to the extent of excess income generated by the underlying loan collateral of certain mortgage-backed securities, which is not needed to meet contractual obligations of senior security holders. The fair value of a residual-interest certificate typically changes based on the differences between modeled prepayment speeds and credit losses and actual experience. Additionally, similar to MSR and interest-only certificates, the market for residual-interest certificates is limited, and the precise terms of transactions involving residual-interest certifi cates are not typically readily available. Accordingly, FHN relies primarily on a discounted cash flow model, which is prepared monthly, to estimate the fair value of its residual-interest certificates.
43
Estimating the cash flow components and the resultant fair value of the residual-interest certificates requires FHN to make certain critical assumptions based upon current market and loan production data. The primary critical assumptions used by FHN to estimate the fair value of residual-interest securities include prepayment speeds, credit losses and discount rates, as discussed above. FHN's residual-interest certificates are included as a component of trading securities on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Condition, with realized and unrealized gains and losses included in current earnings as a component of other income on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. FHN does not utilize derivatives to hedge against changes in the fair value of residual-interes t certificates.
PIPELINE AND WAREHOUSE
During the period of loan origination and prior to the sale of mortgage loans in the secondary market, First Horizon Home Loans has exposure to mortgage loans that are in the "mortgage pipeline" and the "mortgage warehouse". The mortgage pipeline consists of loan applications that have been received, but have not yet closed as loans. Pipeline loans are either "floating" or "locked". A floating pipeline loan is one on which an interest rate has not been locked by the borrower. A locked pipeline loan is one on which the potential borrower has set the interest rate for the loan by entering into an interest rate lock commitment resulting in interest rate risk to First Horizon Home Loans. Once a mortgage loan is closed and funded, it is included within the mortgage warehouse, or the "inventory" of mortgage loans that are awaiting sale and delivery (currently an average of approximately 30 days) into the secondary market. First Horizon Home Loans is exposed to credit risk while a mortgage loan is in the warehouse. Third party models are used in managing interest rate risk related to price movements on loans in the pipeline and the warehouse.
First Horizon Home Loans' warehouse (first-lien mortgage loans held for sale) is subject to changes in fair value, primarily due to fluctuations in interest rates from the loan closing date through the date of sale of the loan into the secondary market. Typically, the fair value of the warehouse declines in value when interest rates increase and rises in value when interest rates decrease. To mitigate this risk, First Horizon Home Loans enters into forward sales contracts and futures contracts to provide an economic hedge against those changes in fair value on a significant portion of the warehouse. These derivatives are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings as a component of the gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
To the extent that these interest rate derivatives are designated to hedge specific similar assets in the warehouse and prospective analyses indicate that high correlation is expected, the hedged loans qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133. If the regression analysis does not show consistently strong correlation, hedge accounting under SFAS No. 133 is not attempted. Anticipated correlation is determined based on the historical regressions between the change in fair value of the derivatives and the change in fair value of the hedged mortgage loans. Hedges are reset daily and the statistical correlation is calculated using these daily data points which are accumulated monthly. Retrospective hedge effectiveness is measured monthly using the regression correlation at the end of the month. First Horizon Home Loans generally maint ains a coverage ratio (the ratio of expected change in the fair value of derivatives to expected change in the fair value of hedged assets) of approximately 100 percent on warehouse loans accounted for under SFAS No. 133. Effective SFAS No. 133 hedging results in adjustments to the recorded value of those hedged loans which adjustments are included as a component of the gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income.
Warehouse loans qualifying for SFAS No. 133 hedge accounting treatment totaled $501.1 million and $641.6 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The balance sheet impact of the related derivatives was a net asset of $2.1 million and a net liability of $4.6 million on September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For third quarter 2005 and 2004, net gains of $.4 million and net losses of $6.5 million, respectively, representing the hedge ineffectiveness of these fair value hedges, were recognized as a component of gain or loss on sale of loans.
Mortgage banking interest rate lock commitments are short-term commitments to fund mortgage loan applications in process (the pipeline) for a fixed term at a fixed price. During the term of an interest rate lock commitment, First Horizon Home Loans has the risk that interest rates will change from the rate quoted to the borrower. First Horizon Home Loans enters into forward sales contracts with respect to fixed rate loan commitments and futures contracts with respect to adjustable rate loan commitments as economic hedges designed to protect the value of the interest rate lock commitment from changes in value due to changes in interest rates. Under SFAS No. 133 interest rate lock commitments qualify as derivative financial instruments and as such do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment . As a result, the interest rate lock commitments are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in current earnings as gain or loss on the sale of loans in mortgage banking noninterest income. Interest rate lock commitments generally have a term of up to 60 days before the closing of the loan. The interest rate lock commitment, however, does not bind the potential borrower to entering into the loan, nor does it guarantee that First Horizon Home Loans will approve the potential borrower for the loan. Therefore, First Horizon Home Loans makes estimates of expected "fallout" (locked pipeline loans not expected to close), using models which consider cumulative historical fallout rates and other factors. Fallout can occur for a variety of reasons including falling rate environments when a borrower will abandon an interest rate lock commitment at one lend er and enter into a new lower interest rate lock commitment at another, when a borrower is not approved as an
44
acceptable credit by the lender, or for a variety of other non-economic reasons. Note that once a loan is closed, the risk of fallout is eliminated and the associated mortgage loan is included in the mortgage loan warehouse.
The extent to which First Horizon Home Loans is able to economically hedge changes in the mortgage pipeline depends largely on the hedge coverage ratio that is maintained relative to mortgage loans in the pipeline. The hedge coverage ratio can change significantly due to changes in market interest rates and the associated forward commitment prices for sales of mortgage loans in the secondary market. Increases or decreases in the hedge coverage ratio can result in significant earnings volatility to FHN.
For the periods ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, the valuation model utilized to estimate the fair value of interest rate lock commitments assumes a zero fair value on the date of the lock with the borrower. Subsequent to the lock date, the model calculates the change in value due solely to the change in interest rates resulting in a liability with an estimated fair value of $7.8 million on September 30, 2005, and an asset with an estimated fair value of $27.8 million on September 30, 2004.
FORECLOSURE RESERVES
As discussed above, First Horizon Home Loans typically originates mortgage loans with the intent to sell those loans to GSE and other private investors in the secondary market. Certain of the mortgage loans are sold with limited or full recourse in the event of foreclosure. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, $3.2 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively, of mortgage loans were outstanding which were sold under limited recourse arrangements where some portion of the principal is at risk. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, $171.1 million and $190.1 million, respectively, of mortgage loans were outstanding which were sold under full recourse arrangements.
Loans sold with limited recourse include loans sold under government guaranteed mortgage loan programs including the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and Veterans Administration (VA). First Horizon Home Loans continues to absorb losses due to uncollected interest and foreclosure costs and/or limited risk of credit losses in the event of foreclosure of the mortgage loan sold. Generally, the amount of recourse liability in the event of foreclosure is determined based upon the respective government program and/or the sale or disposal of the foreclosed property collateralizing the mortgage loan. Another instance of limited recourse is the VA/No bid. In this case, the VA guarantee is limited and First Horizon Home Loans may be requ ired to fund any deficiency in excess of the VA guarantee if the loan goes to foreclosure.
Loans sold with full recourse generally include mortgage loans sold to investors in the secondary market which are uninsurable under government guaranteed mortgage loan programs, due to issues associated with underwriting activities, documentation or other concerns.
Management closely monitors historical experience, borrower payment activity, current economic trends and other risk factors, and establishes a reserve for foreclosure losses for loans sold with limited and full recourse which management believes is sufficient to cover incurred foreclosure losses in the servicing portfolio. The reserve for foreclosure losses is based upon a historical progression model using a rolling 12-month average, which predicts the probability or frequency of a mortgage loan entering foreclosure. In addition, other factors are considered, including qualitative and quantitative factors (e.g., current economic conditions, past collection experience, risk characteristics of the current portfolio and other factors), which are not defined by historical loss trends or severity of losses. On September 30, 2005 and 2004, the foreclosure reserve was $16.8 million and $18.0 million, respectively. While the servicing portfolio has grown from $81.6 billion on September 30, 2004, to $93.6 billion on September 30, 2005, the foreclosure reserve has decreased primarily due to a reduction in the recourse portfolio.
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
Management's policy is to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level sufficient to absorb estimated probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio. Management performs periodic and systematic detailed reviews of its loan portfolio to identify trends and to assess the overall collectibility of the loan portfolio. Accounting standards require that loan losses be recorded when management determines it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Management believes the accounting estimate related to the allowance for loan losses is a "critical accounting estimate" because: changes in it can materially affect the provision for loan losses and net income, it requires management to predict borrowers' likelihood or capacity to repay, and it requires management to distinguish between losses incurred as of a balance sheet date and losses expected to be incurred in the future. Accordingly, this is a highly subjective process and requires significant judgment since it is often difficult to determine when specific loss events may actually occur. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses and recoveries and is decreased by charged-off loans. This critical accounting estimate applies primarily to the Retail/Commercial Banking segment. The Executive Committee of FHN's board of directors approves the level of the allowance for loan losses.
FHN's methodology for estimating the allowance for loan losses is not only critical to the accounting estimate, but to the credit risk management function as well. Key components of the estimation process are as follows: (1) commercial loans determined by management
45
to be individually impaired loans are evaluated individually and specific reserves are determined based on the difference between the outstanding loan amount and the estimated net realizable value of the collateral (if collateral dependent) or the present value of expected future cash flows; (2) individual commercial loans not considered to be individually impaired are segmented based on similar credit risk characteristics and evaluated on a pool basis; (3) retail loans are segmented based on loan types and credit score bands and loan to value; (4) reserve rates for each portfolio segment are calculated based on historical charge-offs and are adjusted by management to reflect current events, trends and conditions (including economic factors and trends); and (5) management's estimate of probable incurred losses reflects the reserve rate applied against the balance of loans in each segment of the loan portfol io.
Principal loan amounts are charged off against the allowance for loan losses in the period in which the loan or any portion of the loan is deemed to be uncollectible.
FHN believes that the critical assumptions underlying the accounting estimate made by management include: (1) the commercial loan portfolio has been properly risk graded based on information about borrowers in specific industries and specific issues with respect to single borrowers; (2) borrower specific information made available to FHN is current and accurate; (3) the loan portfolio has been segmented properly and individual loans have similar credit risk characteristics and will behave similarly; (4) known significant loss events that have occurred were considered by management at the time of assessing the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses; (5) the economic factors utilized in the allowance for loan losses estimate are used as a measure of actual incurred losses; (6) the period of history used for historical loss factors is indicative of the current environment; and (7) the reserve rates, as well as other adjustments estimated by management for current events, trends, and conditions, utilized in the process reflect an estimate of losses that have been incurred as of the date of the financial statements.
While management uses the best information available to establish the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses and methodology may be necessary if economic or other conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the estimates or, if required by regulators, based upon information at the time of their examinations. Such adjustments to original estimates, as necessary, are made in the period in which these factors and other relevant considerations indicate that loss levels vary from previous estimates. There have been no significant changes to the methodology for the quarters ended September 30, 2005 and 2004.
GOODWILL AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPAIRMENT
FHN's policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis or between annual assessments if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting unit in making the assessment of impairment at least annually. As of October 1, 2004, FHN engaged an independent valuation firm to compute the fair value estimate s of each reporting unit as part of its annual impairment assessment. The independent valuation utilized three separate valuation methodologies and applied a weighted average to each methodology in order to determine fair value for each reporting unit. The valuation as of October 1, 2004, indicated no goodwill impairment for any of the reporting units.
Management believes the accounting estimates associated with determining fair value as part of the goodwill impairment test is a "critical accounting estimate" because estimates and assumptions are made about FHN's future performance and cash flows, as well as other prevailing market factors (interest rates, economic trends, etc.). FHN's policy allows management to make the determination of fair value using internal cash flow models or by engaging independent third parties. If a charge to operations for impairment results, this amount would be reported separately as a component of noninterest expense. This critical accounting estimate applies to the Retail/Commercial Bank ing, Mortgage Banking, and Capital Markets business segments. Reporting units have been defined as the same level as the operating business segments.
The impairment testing process conducted by FHN begins by assigning net assets and goodwill to each reporting unit. FHN then completes "step one" of the impairment test by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit (as determined based on the discussion below) with the recorded book value (or "carrying amount") of its net assets, with goodwill included in the computation of the carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of that reporting unit is not considered impaired, and "step two" of the impairment test is not necessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, step two of the impairment test is performed to determine the amount of impairment. Step two of the impairment test compares the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill to the "implied fair value" of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is computed by assuming all assets and liabilities of the reporting unit would be adjusted to the current fair value, with the offset as an adjustment to goodwill. This adjusted goodwill balance is the implied fair value used in step two. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
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In connection with obtaining the independent valuation, management provided certain data and information that was utilized by the third party in its determination of fair value. This information included budgeted and forecasted earnings of FHN at the reporting unit level. Management believes that this information is a critical assumption underlying the estimate of fair value. The independent third party made other assumptions critical to the process, including discount rates, asset and liability growth rates, and other income and expense estimates, through discussions with management.
While management uses the best information available to estimate future performance for each reporting unit, future adjustments to management's projections may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the estimates.
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
A liability is contingent if the amount is not presently known, but may become known in the future as a result of the occurrence of some uncertain future event. FHN estimates its contingent liabilities based on management's estimates about the probability of outcomes and their ability to estimate the range of exposure. Accounting standards require that a liability be recorded if management determines that it is probable that a loss has occurred and the loss can be reasonably estimated. In addition, it must be probable that the loss will be confirmed by some future event. As part of the estimation process, management is required to make a ssumptions about matters that are by their nature highly uncertain.
The assessment of contingent liabilities, including legal contingencies and income tax liabilities, involves the use of critical estimates, assumptions and judgments. Management's estimates are based on their belief that future events will validate the current assumptions regarding the ultimate outcome of these exposures. However, there can be no assurance that future events, such as court decisions or I.R.S. positions, will not differ from management's assessments. Whenever practicable, management consults with third party experts (attorneys, accountants, claims administrators, etc.) to assist with the gathering and evaluation of information related to contingent liabilities. Based on internally and/or externally prepared evaluat ions, management makes a determination whether the potential exposure requires accrual in the financial statements.
OTHER
ACCOUNTING CHANGES
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections" (SFAS No. 154), which requires retrospective application of voluntary changes in accounting principle. A change in accounting principle mandated by new accounting pronouncements should follow the transition method specified by the new guidance. However, if transition guidance is not otherwise specified, SFAS No. 154's retrospective application requirement will apply. SFAS No. 154 does not alter the accounting requirement for changes in estimates (prospective) and error corrections (restatement). SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005.
FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations" (FIN No. 47) was issued in March 2005. FIN No. 47 requires recognition of a liability at the time of acquisition or construction for assets that will require certain remediation expenditures when the assets are removed from service. FIN No. 47 clarifies that future expenses to remove asbestos from buildings should be estimated and accrued as a liability at the time of acquisition with an offset to increase the cost of the associated structure. FHN currently owns certain buildings that contain asbestos. As a result of adopting FIN No. 47, FHN will increase the value of its recorded tangible assets at the time it recognizes the associated conditional retirement obligation. The retirement liability is accreted through interest expense to the estimated payouts that would be made in the future if settlement of the liability were to occur. Previously, FHN did not accrue any retirement liability for the expected retirement costs on these buildings due to the uncertainty associated with the timing and amount of payment. FIN No. 47 is effective no later than the end of fiscal 2005. Upon adoption of FIN No. 47, FHN anticipates an after-tax cumulative effect of a change in accounting of between $2 million and $4 million.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment" (SFAS No. 123-R), which requires recognition of expense over the requisite service period for awards of share-based compensation to employees. Due to SEC action in April 2005, the mandatory adoption date for SFAS No. 123-R was moved to January 1, 2006 with earlier adoption permitted. As permitted by the original SFAS No. 123, FHN has accounted for its equity awards under the provisions of APB No. 25. Upon adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, the grant date fair value of an award will be used to measure the compensation expense recognized for the award. For unvested awards granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, the fair values utilized w ill equal the values used in preparation of the disclosures required under the original SFAS No. 123. Compensation expense recognized after adoption of SFAS No. 123-R will incorporate an estimate of awards expected to ultimately vest, which requires estimation of forfeitures as well as projections related to the satisfaction of performance
47
conditions that determine vesting. Upon initial adoption of SFAS No. 123-R, FHN is required to reclassify deferred compensation debit balances to capital surplus and to make a cumulative effect entry for outstanding unvested awards that are not expected to vest due to anticipated forfeiture. As permitted by SFAS No. 123-R, FHN intends to retroactively apply the provisions of SFAS No. 123-R to its prior period financial statements. Given the current structure of FHN's compensation program, utilization of the Black-Scholes model and applying management's current interpretation, the adoption of SFAS No. 123-R is estimated to result in a reduction of 2006 pre-tax income between $12 million and $17 million, which represents $.06 to $.08 per share.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The information called for by this item is contained in (a) Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included as Item 2 of Part I of this report, especially the section captioned "Risk Management - Interest Rate Risk Management on page 37, as well as all other portions that discuss interest rates, the interest rate market or environment, and other similar matters; (b) the "Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of Note 1 included as Item 1 of Part I of the report on page 11 (c) the section entitled "Risk Management - Interest Rate Risk Management" of the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition section of FHN's 2004 Annual Report to shareholders, and (d) the "Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in FHN's 2004 Annual Report to shareholders. Those sections of the 2004 Annual Repor t to shareholders were included in that portion of that Report which was filed as Exhibit 13 to the registrant's annual report on Form 10-K, and those sections are incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. FHN's management, with the participation of FHN's chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of FHN's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that FHN's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that material information relating to FHN and FHN's consolidated subsidiaries is made known to such officers by others within these entities, particularly during the period this quarterly report was prepared, in order to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in FHN's internal control over financial reporting during FHN's last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, FHN's internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II.
OTHER INFORMATION
Items 1, 3, 4, and 5
As of the end of the third quarter 2005, the answers to Items 1, 3, 4, and 5 were either inapplicable or negative, and therefore, these items are omitted.
Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(a) | None
|
(b) | Not applicable
|
(c) | The Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities Table is incorporated herein by reference to the table included in Item 2 of Part I - First Horizon National Corporation - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations at page 36. |
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Item 6 Exhibits
(a) Exhibits.
Exhibit No. | Description
|
3.2 | Bylaws of the Corporation, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
4 | Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures.* |
10.2(c)** | 1995 Employee Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(c) to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
10.2(e)** | 2000 Employee Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(e) to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
13 | The "Risk Management-Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of the Management's Discussion and Analysis section and the "Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of Note 1 to the Corporation's consolidated financial statements, contained, respectively, at pages 23-27 and page 66, in the Corporation's 2004 Annual Report to shareholders, furnished to shareholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 19, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. Portions of the Annual Report not incorporated herein by reference are deemed not to be "filed" with the Commission. |
31(a) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications of CEO (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
31(b) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications of CFO (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
32(a) | 18 USC 1350 Certifications of CEO (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
32(b) | 18 USC 1350 Certifications of CFO (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
* The Corporation agrees to furnish copies of the instruments, including indentures, defining the rights of the holders of the long-term debt of
the Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
** This is a management contract or compensatory plan required to be filed as an exhibit.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| FIRST HORIZON NATIONAL CORPORATION (Registrant) |
DATE: 11/07/05 | By: | /s/ Marlin L. Mosby III Marlin L. Mosby III Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
Exhibit No. | Description
|
3.2 | Bylaws of the Corporation, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
4 | Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indentures.* |
10.2(c)** | 1995 Employee Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(c) to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
10.2(e)** | 2000 Employee Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated July 19, 2005, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2(e) to the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 19, 2005. |
13 | The "Risk Management-Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of the Management's Discussion and Analysis section and the "Interest Rate Risk Management" subsection of Note 1 to the Corporation's consolidated financial statements, contained, respectively, at pages 23-27 and page 66, in the Corporation's 2004 Annual Report to shareholders, furnished to shareholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 19, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference. Portions of the Annual Report not incorporated herein by reference are deemed not to be "filed" with the Commission. |
31(a) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications of CEO (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
31(b) | Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications of CFO (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
32(a) | 18 USC 1350 Certifications of CEO (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
32(b) | 18 USC 1350 Certifications of CFO (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
* The Corporation agrees to furnish copies of the instruments, including indentures, defining the rights of the holders of the long-term debt of
the Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
** This is a management contract or compensatory plan required to be filed as an exhibit.
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