Loans and the Allowance for Credit Losses | 7. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Loans outstanding are detailed by category as follows: June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage Mortgages - fixed rate $ 805,220 $ 902,968 Mortgages - adjustable rate 765,618 703,958 Construction 41,445 35,299 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 4,911 6,613 Total residential mortgages 1,617,194 1,648,838 Commercial mortgage Mortgages - non-owner occupied 1,634,435 1,592,732 Mortgages - owner occupied 168,478 183,591 Construction 110,971 135,782 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 2,275 2,318 Total commercial mortgages 1,916,159 1,914,423 Home equity Home equity - lines of credit 92,561 108,961 Home equity - term loans 3,156 2,098 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 258 292 Total home equity 95,975 111,351 Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial 366,116 349,026 Paycheck Protection Program loans 841 1,384 Unearned fees, net of deferred costs 446 240 Total commercial and industrial 367,403 350,650 Consumer Secured 26,734 35,679 Unsecured 1,745 1,897 Deferred costs, net of unearned fees 16 18 Total consumer 28,495 37,594 Total loans $ 4,025,226 $ 4,062,856 Directors and officers of the Company and their associates are clients of, and have other transactions with the Company in the normal course of business. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features. Asset Quality The Company’s philosophy toward managing its loan portfolios is predicated upon careful monitoring, which stresses early detection and response to delinquent and default situations. The Company seeks to make arrangements to resolve any delinquent or default situation over the shortest possible time frame. As a general rule, loans more than 90 days past due with respect to principal or interest are classified as non-accrual loans. The Company may use discretion regarding other loans over 90 days past due if the loan is well secured and/or in process of collection. The following tables set forth information regarding non-performing loans disaggregated by loan category: June 30, 2023 Residential Commercial Home Commercial and Total (dollars in thousands) Non-performing loans: Non-accrual loans $ 6,083 $ 606 $ 398 $ 112 $ 7,199 Total $ 6,083 $ 606 $ 398 $ 112 $ 7,199 December 31, 2022 Residential Commercial Home Commercial and Total (dollars in thousands) Non-performing loans: Non-accrual loans $ 4,733 $ 311 $ 722 $ 73 $ 5,839 Troubled debt restructurings 622 — — 81 $ 703 Total $ 5,355 $ 311 $ 722 $ 154 $ 6,542 Loan Modifications and Restructurings The Company adopted ASU 2022-02, which eliminates the recognition and measurement of TDRs. Due to the removal of the TDR designation, the Company evaluates all loan restructurings according to the accounting guidance for loan modifications to determine if the restructuring results in a new loan or a continuation of the existing loan. Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that result in a change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows include situations where there is principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions, and combinations of the listed modifications. Therefore, the disclosures related to loan restructurings are only for modifications that directly affect cash flows. The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon origination. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company uses a discounted cash flow model to determine the allowance for credit losses. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made at the time of a modification. Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. At June 30, 2023, the Company had no loan modifications or restructurings due to borrower financial difficulty. Foreclosure proceedings As of June 30, 2023 , there were two loans in process of foreclosure with a carrying value of approximately $ 628,000 . Both of these loans are secured by one to four family residential property. As of December 31, 2022, there were no loans in process of foreclosure. Loans by Credit Quality Indicator With respect to residential mortgages, home equity, and consumer loans, the Company utilizes the following categories as indicators of credit quality: • Performing – These loans are accruing and are considered having low to moderate risk. • Non-performing – These loans are on non-accrual, are more than 90 days past due but are still accruing, or are restructured. These loans may contain greater than average risk. With respect to commercial real estate mortgages and commercial and industrial loans, the Company utilizes a 10-grade internal loan rating system as an indicator of credit quality. The grades are as follows: • Loans rated 1-6 (Pass) – These loans are considered “pass” rated with low to moderate risk. • Loans rated 7 (Special Mention) – These loans have potential weaknesses warranting close attention, which, if left uncorrected, may result in deterioration of the credit at some future date. • Loans rated 8 (Substandard) – These loans have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of the debt under the original loan terms. Loss potential exists but is not identifiable in any one client. • Loans rated 9 (Doubtful) – These loans have pronounced weaknesses that make full collection highly questionable and improbable. • Loans rated 10 (Loss) – These loans are considered uncollectible and continuance as a bankable asset is not warranted. The following tables contain period-end balances of loans receivable disaggregated by credit quality indicator: Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Residential Mortgage: Current $ 35,475 $ 336,012 $ 516,545 $ 284,119 $ 114,442 $ 324,518 $ — $ 1,611,111 Non-performing — — — 200 1,276 4,607 — 6,083 Total $ 35,475 $ 336,012 $ 516,545 $ 284,319 $ 115,718 $ 329,125 $ — $ 1,617,194 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Home equity: Current $ 3,040 $ 4,289 $ 2,650 $ 1,503 $ 2,996 $ 16,075 $ 65,024 $ 95,577 Non-performing — 61 — — — 337 — 398 Total $ 3,040 $ 4,350 $ 2,650 $ 1,503 $ 2,996 $ 16,412 $ 65,024 $ 95,975 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer: Current $ 3,852 $ 10,154 $ 4,841 $ 3,244 $ 698 $ 5,121 $ 585 $ 28,495 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,852 $ 10,154 $ 4,841 $ 3,244 $ 698 $ 5,121 $ 585 $ 28,495 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 25 $ — $ 25 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of June 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial Mortgage: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 31,974 $ 461,974 $ 369,955 $ 230,573 $ 261,839 $ 468,282 $ — $ 1,824,597 7 (Special Mention) 1,847 — — 2,067 44,867 42,175 — 90,956 8 (Substandard) — — — — — 606 — 606 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 33,821 $ 461,974 $ 369,955 $ 232,640 $ 306,706 $ 511,063 $ — $ 1,916,159 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial and Industrial: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 31,393 $ 137,643 $ 56,468 $ 69,581 $ 23,972 $ 43,827 $ 459 $ 363,343 7 (Special Mention) 60 858 151 110 195 123 10 1,507 8 (Substandard) — — — 585 1,823 145 — 2,553 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 31,453 $ 138,501 $ 56,619 $ 70,276 $ 25,990 $ 44,095 $ 469 $ 367,403 Current-period gross write-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 11 $ — $ 11 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Residential Mortgage: Current $ 314,599 $ 511,217 $ 276,698 $ 113,251 $ 77,620 $ 350,098 $ — $ 1,643,483 Non-performing — — 206 315 684 4,150 — 5,355 Total $ 314,599 $ 511,217 $ 276,904 $ 113,566 $ 78,304 $ 354,248 $ — $ 1,648,838 Home equity: Current $ 3,611 $ — $ — $ 58 $ 360 $ 481 $ 106,119 $ 110,629 Non-performing — — — — — — 722 722 Total $ 3,611 $ — $ — $ 58 $ 360 $ 481 $ 106,841 $ 111,351 Consumer: Current $ 13,214 $ 8,482 $ 5,353 $ 444 $ 2,078 $ 7,424 $ 599 $ 37,594 Non-performing — — — — — — — — Total $ 13,214 $ 8,482 $ 5,353 $ 444 $ 2,078 $ 7,424 $ 599 $ 37,594 Credit Quality Indicator - by Origination Year as of December 31, 2022 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving loans amortized cost basis Total (dollars in thousands) Commercial Mortgage: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 411,927 $ 330,593 $ 222,073 $ 260,588 $ 125,398 $ 489,564 $ — $ 1,840,143 7 (Special Mention) — — 4,562 41,578 21,697 6,132 — 73,969 8 (Substandard) — — — — — 311 — 311 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 411,927 $ 330,593 $ 226,635 $ 302,166 $ 147,095 $ 496,007 $ — $ 1,914,423 Commercial and Industrial: Credit risk profile by internally 1-6 (Pass) $ 128,301 $ 67,727 $ 62,025 $ 28,557 $ 18,794 $ 36,836 $ 475 $ 342,715 7 (Special Mention) — 4,211 130 161 407 121 10 5,040 8 (Substandard) — — 628 2,102 81 84 — 2,895 9 (Doubtful) — — — — — — — — 10 (Loss) — — — — — — — — Total $ 128,301 $ 71,938 $ 62,783 $ 30,820 $ 19,282 $ 37,041 $ 485 $ 350,650 Delinquencies The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loan delinquencies can be attributed to many factors, such as but not limited to, a continuing weakness in, or deteriorating, economic conditions in the region in which the collateral is located, the loss of a tenant or lower lease rates for commercial borrowers, or the loss of income for consumers and the resulting liquidity impacts on the borrowers. The following tables contain period-end balances of loans receivable disaggregated by past due status: June 30, 2023 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or greater Total Past Due Current Loans Total (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage $ 8,865 $ 370 $ 1,857 $ 11,092 $ 1,606,102 $ 1,617,194 Commercial mortgage 9,919 — — 9,919 1,906,240 1,916,159 Home equity 536 297 148 981 94,994 95,975 Commercial and industrial 82 472 — 554 366,849 367,403 Consumer 26 3 10 39 28,456 28,495 Total $ 19,428 $ 1,142 $ 2,015 $ 22,585 $ 4,002,641 $ 4,025,226 December 31, 2022 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days Total Current Total (dollars in thousands) Residential mortgage $ 11,359 $ 1,454 $ 1,809 $ 14,622 $ 1,634,216 $ 1,648,838 Commercial mortgage — — — — 1,914,423 1,914,423 Home equity 962 393 214 1,569 109,782 111,351 Commercial and industrial 65 269 — 334 350,316 350,650 Consumer 81 — — 81 37,513 37,594 Total $ 12,467 $ 2,116 $ 2,023 $ 16,606 $ 4,046,250 $ 4,062,856 There were no significant commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loans were on non-accrual status at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Allowance for Credit Losses The following tables present changes in the allowance for credit losses disaggregated by loan category: Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at March 31, 2023 $ 13,164 $ 19,596 $ 528 $ 4,152 $ 565 $ — $ 38,005 Charge-offs — — — — ( 22 ) — ( 22 ) Recoveries — — — 9 1 — 10 Provision for (release of) credit 433 ( 297 ) ( 60 ) 91 ( 87 ) — 80 Allowance for credit losses - $ 13,597 $ 19,299 $ 468 $ 4,252 $ 457 $ — $ 38,073 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at March 31, 2023 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,931 $ 1,931 Provision for (release of) credit — — — — — — — Allowance for credit losses- $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,931 $ 1,931 Total allowance for credit loss $ 13,597 $ 19,299 $ 468 $ 4,252 $ 457 $ 1,931 $ 40,004 Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 13,321 $ 19,086 $ 573 $ 4,153 $ 641 $ — $ 37,774 Charge-offs — — — ( 11 ) ( 25 ) — ( 36 ) Recoveries — — — 19 11 — 30 Provision for (release of) credit 276 213 ( 105 ) 91 ( 170 ) — 305 Allowance for credit losses - $ 13,597 $ 19,299 $ 468 $ 4,252 $ 457 $ — $ 38,073 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at December 31, 2022 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,096 $ 2,096 Provision for (release of) credit — — — — — ( 165 ) ( 165 ) Allowance for credit losses- $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,931 $ 1,931 Total allowance for credit loss $ 13,597 $ 19,299 $ 468 $ 4,252 $ 457 $ 1,931 $ 40,004 Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at March 31, 2022 $ 13,193 $ 17,138 $ 377 $ 2,897 $ 505 $ — $ 34,110 Charge-offs — — — ( 3 ) ( 3 ) — ( 6 ) Recoveries — — — 10 10 — 20 Provision for (release of) credit ( 554 ) 629 23 ( 52 ) ( 46 ) — — Allowance for credit losses - loan portfolio at June 30, 2022 $ 12,639 $ 17,767 $ 400 $ 2,852 $ 466 $ — $ 34,124 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at March 31, 2022 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,371 $ 1,371 Release of credit losses - unfunded commitments — — — — — — — Allowance for credit losses- — — — — — 1,371 1,371 Total allowance for credit loss $ 12,639 $ 17,767 $ 400 $ 2,852 $ 466 $ 1,371 $ 35,495 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Residential Commercial Home Commercial & Consumer Unfunded Commitments Total (dollars in thousands) Allowance for credit loss: Allowance for credit losses - loan Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 13,383 $ 17,133 $ 406 $ 2,989 $ 585 $ — $ 34,496 Charge-offs — — — ( 3 ) ( 28 ) — ( 31 ) Recoveries — — — 46 12 — 58 Provision for (release of) credit ( 744 ) 634 ( 6 ) ( 180 ) ( 103 ) — ( 399 ) Allowance for credit losses - loan portfolio at June 30, 2022 $ 12,639 $ 17,767 $ 400 $ 2,852 $ 466 $ — $ 34,124 Allowance for credit losses - Balance at December 31, 2021 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,384 $ 1,384 Release of credit — — — — — ( 13 ) ( 13 ) Allowance for credit losses- — — — — — 1,371 1,371 Total allowance for credit loss $ 12,639 $ 17,767 $ 400 $ 2,852 $ 466 $ 1,371 $ 35,495 |