Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Categories of loans at December 31 include: Total Loans Non-Accrual Loans ($ in thousands) Dec. 2015 Dec. 2014 Dec. 2015 Dec. 2014 Commercial & Industrial $ 86,542 $ 88,485 188 1,387 Commercial RE & Construction 242,208 217,030 5,670 2,092 Agricultural & Farmland 43,835 46,217 7 - Residential Real Estate 130,806 113,214 749 992 Consumer & Other 54,224 51,546 32 138 Total Loans $ 557,615 $ 516,492 $ 6,646 $ 4,609 Unearned Income $ 44 $ (156 ) Total Loans, net of unearned income $ 557,659 $ 516,336 Allowance for loan losses $ (6,990 ) $ (6,771 ) State Bank makes commercial, agri-business, consumer and residential loans to customers throughout the states of Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since a portion of the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, commercial real estate and residential real estate. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by State Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Forward sale commitments are commitments to sell groups of residential mortgage loans that the Company originates or purchases as part of its mortgage banking activities. The Company commits to sell the loans at specified prices in a future period, typically within forty-five days. These commitments are acquired to reduce market risk on mortgage loans in the process of origination and mortgage loans held for sales since the Company is exposed to interest rate risk during the period between issuing a loan commitment and the sales of the loan into the secondary market. Lines of credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Lines of credit generally have fixed expiration dates. Since a portion of the line may expire without being drawn upon, the total unused lines do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, commercial real estate and residential real estate. Management uses the same credit policies in granting lines of credit as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. Listed below is a summary loan commitments, unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. ($ in thousands) 2015 2014 Loan commitments and unused lines of credit $ 126,902 $ 105,136 Standby letters of credit 1,026 672 Total $ 127,928 $ 105,808 There are various contingent liabilities that are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. The risk characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial and Agricultural Commercial and agricultural loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and may include a personal guarantee. Short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial Real Estate including Construction Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The characteristics of properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse, but with geographic location almost entirely in the Company’s market area. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. In general, the Company avoids financing single purpose projects unless other underwriting factors are present to help mitigate risk. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate versus nonowner-occupied loans. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews and financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing. Residential and Consumer Residential and consumer loans consist of two segments – residential mortgage loans and personal loans. Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner-occupied, and the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer personal loans are secured by consumer personal assets, such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer personal loans are unsecured, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas, such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that these loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The following tables present the balance of the allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) and the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2015 and 2014: Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($'s in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2015 Beginning balance $ 1,630 $ 2,857 $ 208 $ 1,308 $ 768 $ 6,771 Charge Offs (497 ) (303 ) - (56 ) (96 ) $ (952 ) Recoveries 26 3 3 29 10 71 Provision (245 ) 1,329 (7 ) 31 (8 ) 1,100 Ending Balance $ 914 $ 3,886 $ 204 $ 1,312 $ 674 $ 6,990 Loans Receivable at December 31, 2015 Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 1,759 $ - $ 167 $ 37 $ 1,963 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 914 $ 2,127 $ 204 $ 1,145 $ 637 $ 5,027 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 126 $ 5,754 $ - $ 1,713 $ 464 $ 8,057 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 86,416 $ 236,454 $ 43,835 $ 129,093 $ 53,760 $ 549,558 Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($'s in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2014 Beginning balance $ 2,175 $ 2,708 $ 159 $ 1,067 $ 855 $ 6,964 Charge Offs (607 ) (13 ) - (92 ) (135 ) $ (847 ) Recoveries 19 125 3 32 25 204 Provision 43 37 46 301 23 450 Ending Balance $ 1,630 $ 2,857 $ 208 $ 1,308 $ 769 $ 6,771 Loans Receivable at December 31, 2014 Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 510 $ 1,018 $ - $ 242 $ 41 $ 1,811 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,120 $ 1,839 $ 208 $ 1,066 $ 728 $ 4,960 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,268 $ 2,035 $ - $ 1,647 $ 481 $ 5,431 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 87,217 $ 214,995 $ 46,217 $ 111,567 $ 51,065 $ 511,061 Credit Risk Profile The Company categorizes loans into risk categories (loan grades) based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis includes loans with an outstanding balance greater than $100,000 and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass (grades 1 – 4): Special Mention (grade 5): Substandard (grade 6): Doubtful (grade 7): Loss (grade 8): The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on rating category as of December 31, 2015 and 2014: December 31, 2015 Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($ in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total 1-2 $ 709 $ 767 $ 47 $ - $ 15 $ 1,538 3 23,362 79,915 8,195 118,463 50,745 280,680 4 61,799 149,473 35,593 10,418 3,223 260,506 Total Pass (1 - 4) 85,870 230,155 43,835 128,881 53,983 542,724 Special Mention (5) 330 5,260 - 756 70 6,416 Substandard (6) 110 1,072 - 420 139 1,741 Doubtful (7) 232 5,721 - 749 32 6,734 Loss (8) - - - - - - Total Loans $ 86,542 $ 242,208 $ 43,835 $ 130,806 $ 54,224 $ 557,615 December 31, 2014 Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($ in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total 1-2 $ 1,148 $ 66 $ 61 $ - $ - $ 1,275 3 23,580 67,779 9,505 105,149 47,795 253,808 4 61,691 136,427 36,651 5,611 3,465 243,845 Total Pass (1 - 4) 86,419 204,272 46,217 110,760 51,260 498,928 Special Mention (5) 83 6,224 - 1,160 84 7,551 Substandard (6) 752 4,422 - 312 55 5,541 Doubtful (7) 1,231 2,112 - 982 147 4,472 Loss (8) - - - - - - Total Loans $ 88,485 $ 217,030 $ 46,217 $ 113,214 $ 51,546 $ 516,492 The Company evaluates the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology on an ongoing basis. The Company uses a three-year average of historical losses for the general component of the allowance for loan loss calculation. No significant changes were made to the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology during the periods presented. The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis as of December 31, 2015 and 2014: ($ in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2015 Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Commercial & Industrial $ - $ 60 $ 188 $ 248 $ 86,294 $ 86,542 Commercial RE & Construction 99 - 5,280 5,379 236,829 242,208 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - 43,835 43,835 Residential Real Estate 98 198 156 452 130,354 130,806 Consumer & Other 64 - 2 66 54,158 54,224 Total Loans $ 261 $ 258 $ 5,626 $ 6,145 $ 551,470 $ 557,615 ($ in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2014 Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Commercial & Industrial $ - $ - $ 987 $ 987 $ 87,498 $ 88,485 Commercial RE & Construction 3,660 - 1,747 5,407 211,623 217,030 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - 46,217 46,217 Residential Real Estate 164 19 377 560 112,654 113,214 Consumer & Other 39 81 - 120 51,426 51,546 Total Loans $ 3,863 $ 100 $ 3,111 $ 7,074 $ 509,418 $ 516,492 All loans past due 90 days are systematically placed on nonaccrual status. A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance (ASC 310-10-35-16), when based on current information and events, it is probable State Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include non-performing commercial loans but also include loans modified in troubled debt restructurings where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. The following tables present impaired loan activity for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 and 2014: Twelve Months Ended Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest ($'s in thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & Industrial $ 126 $ 1,214 $ - $ 1,388 $ - Commercial RE & Construction 1,110 1,110 - 1,206 27 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - - Residential Real Estate 657 657 - 862 52 Consumer & Other 90 90 - 107 9 All Impaired Loans < $100,000 131 131 - 131 - With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & Industrial - - - - - Commercial RE & Construction 4,643 4,893 1,759 5,006 90 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - - Residential Real Estate 1,013 1,013 167 1,084 45 Consumer & Other 374 374 37 385 22 Totals: Commercial & Industrial $ 126 $ 1,214 $ - $ 1,388 $ - Commercial RE & Construction $ 5,753 $ 6,003 $ 1,759 $ 6,212 $ 117 Agricultural & Farmland $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential Real Estate $ 1,670 $ 1,670 $ 167 $ 1,946 $ 97 Consumer & Other $ 464 $ 464 $ 37 $ 492 $ 31 All Impaired Loans < $100,000 $ 131 $ 131 $ - $ 131 $ - Twelve Months Ended Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest ($'s in thousands) Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & Industrial $ 316 $ 316 $ - $ 316 $ - Commercial RE & Construction 530 530 - 571 20 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - - Residential Real Estate 567 611 - 734 49 Consumer & Other 11 110 - 124 10 All Impaired Loans < $100,000 565 565 - 565 - With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & Industrial 952 1,552 510 1,605 - Commercial RE & Construction 1,505 1,505 1,018 1,521 60 Agricultural & Farmland - - - - - Residential Real Estate 1,080 1,080 242 1,146 47 Consumer & Other 371 371 41 402 20 Totals: Commercial & Industrial $ 1,268 $ 1,868 $ 510 $ 1,921 $ - Commercial RE & Construction $ 2,035 $ 2,035 $ 1,018 $ 2,092 $ 80 Agricultural & Farmland $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential Real Estate $ 1,647 $ 1,691 $ 242 $ 1,880 $ 96 Consumer & Other $ 382 $ 481 $ 41 $ 526 $ 30 All Impaired Loans < $100,000 $ 565 $ 565 $ - $ 565 $ - Impaired loans less than $100,000 are included in groups of homogenous loans. These loans are evaluated based on delinquency status. Interest income recognized on a cash basis does not materially differ from interest income recognized on an accrual basis. Troubled Debt Restructured (TDR) Loans TDRs are modified loans where a concession was provided to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the concessions provided are not available to the borrower through either normal channels or other sources. However, not all loan modifications are TDRs. TDR Concession Types The Company’s standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analysis, and collateral valuations. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet a borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. All loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs, are reviewed and approved. The types of concessions provided to borrowers include: ● Interest rate reduction: A reduction of the stated interest rate to a nonmarket rate for the remaining original life of the debt. The Company also may grant interest rate concessions for a limited timeframe on a case by case basis. ● Amortization or maturity date change beyond what the collateral supports, including a change that does any of the following: (1) Lengthens the amortization period of the amortized principal beyond market terms. This concession reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (2) Reduces the amount of loan principal to be amortized. This concession also reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (3) Extends the maturity date or dates of the debt beyond what the collateral supports. This concession generally applies to loans without a balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. In addition, there may be instances where renewing loans potentially require non-market terms and would then be reclassified as TDRs. ● Other: A concession that is not categorized as one of the concessions described above. These concessions include, but are not limited to: principal forgiveness, collateral concessions, covenant concessions, and reduction of accrued interest. Principal forgiveness may result from any TDR modification of any concession type. The tables below present the activity of TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014: December 31, 2015 ($ in thousands) Number of Loans Pre- Post Residential Real Estate 1 $ 22 $ 22 Commercial 1 314 314 Consumer & Other 1 39 39 Total Modifications 3 $ 375 $ 375 ($ in thousands) Interest Total Only Term Combination Modification Residential Real Estate $ - $ 22 $ - $ 22 Commercial - 314 - 314 Consumer & Other - 39 - 39 Total Modifications $ - $ 375 $ - $ 375 There was no increase in the allowance for loan losses due to TDR's in the twelve month period ended December 31, 2015. December 31, 2014 ($ in thousands) Number of Loans Pre-Modification Post Modification Residential Real Estate - $ - $ - Consumer & Other 1 16 16 Total Modifications 1 $ 16 $ 16 ($ in thousands) Interest Total Only Term Combination Modification Residential Real Estate $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer & Other - 16 - 16 Total Modifications $ - $ 16 $ - $ 16 There was no increase in the allowance for loan losses due to TDR's in the twelve month period ended December 31, 2014. There were no TDR's modified during 2015 that have subsequently defaulted. TDR's modified in 2014 that have subsequently defaulted Number of Recorded ($ in thousands) Contracts Balance Residential Real Estate 2 $ 197 2 197 |