Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The following tables present the categories of loans at December 31, 2018 and 2017: Total Loans Nonaccrual Loans ($ in thousands) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Commercial & industrial $ 127,041 $ 101,554 $ 731 $ 121 Commercial real estate & construction 340,791 332,154 218 1,322 Agricultural & farmland 52,012 51,947 - - Residential real estate 187,104 150,854 1,738 1,123 Consumer & other 64,336 59,619 219 138 Total loans $ 771,284 $ 696,128 $ 2,906 $ 2,704 Unearned income $ 599 $ 487 Total loans, net of unearned income $ 771,883 $ 696,615 Allowance for loan losses $ (8,167 ) $ (7,930 ) The Company makes commercial, agri-business, consumer and residential loans to customers throughout its defined market area. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since a portion of the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, commercial real estate and residential real estate. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Forward sale commitments are commitments to sewealth ll groups of residential mortgage loans that the Company originates or purchases as part of its mortgage banking activities. The Company commits to sell the loans at specified prices in a future period, typically within forty-five days. These commitments are acquired to reduce market risk on mortgage loans in the process of origination and mortgage loans held-for-sales since the Company is exposed to interest rate risk during the period between issuing a loan commitment and the sales of the loan into the secondary market. Listed below is a summary of loan commitments, unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. ($ in thousands) 2018 2017 Loan commitments and unused lines of credit $ 168,731 $ 170,437 Standby letters of credit 2,145 1,643 Total $ 170,876 $ 172,080 There are various contingent liabilities that are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. The risk characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial and Agricultural Commercial and agricultural loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and may include a personal guarantee. Short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial Real Estate including Construction Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The characteristics of properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse, but with geographic location almost entirely in the Company’s market area. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. In general, the Company avoids financing single purpose projects unless other underwriting factors are present to help mitigate risk. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate versus nonowner-occupied loans. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews and financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing. Residential and Consumer Residential and consumer loans consist of two segments – residential mortgage loans and personal loans. Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner-occupied, and the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer personal loans are secured by consumer personal assets, such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer personal loans are unsecured, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas, such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that these loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The following tables present the balance of the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2018 and 2017: Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($ in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2018 Beginning balance $ 823 $ 3,779 $ 505 $ 2,129 $ 694 $ 7,930 Charge offs (227 ) (42 ) - (30 ) (108 ) (407 ) Recoveries 1 28 - 2 13 44 Provision 838 (842 ) (23 ) 466 161 600 Ending Balance $ 1,435 $ 2,923 $ 482 $ 2,567 $ 760 $ 8,167 Loans Receivable at December 31, 2018 Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 61 $ - $ - $ 73 $ 4 $ 138 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,374 $ 2,923 $ 482 $ 2,494 $ 756 $ 8,029 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 700 $ 283 $ - $ 2,111 $ 190 $ 3,284 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 126,341 $ 340,508 $ 52,012 $ 184,993 $ 64,146 $ 768,000 Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer ($ in thousands) & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2017 Beginning balance $ 1,204 $ 3,321 $ 347 $ 1,963 $ 890 $ 7,725 Charge offs (50 ) (26 ) - (61 ) (94 ) (231 ) Recoveries 5 2 5 6 18 36 Provision (336 ) 482 153 221 (120 ) 400 Ending Balance $ 823 $ 3,779 $ 505 $ 2,129 $ 694 $ 7,930 Loans Receivable at December 31, 2017 Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 146 $ - $ 178 $ 5 $ 329 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 823 $ 3,633 $ 505 $ 1,951 $ 689 $ 7,601 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 1,385 $ - $ 1,830 $ 197 $ 3,412 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 101,554 $ 330,769 $ 51,947 $ 149,024 $ 59,422 $ 692,716 Credit Risk Profile The Company categorizes loans into risk categories (loan grades) based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis includes loans with an outstanding balance greater than $100,000 and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass (grades 1 – 4): Special Mention (grade 5): Substandard (grade 6): Doubtful (grade 7): Loss (grade 8): The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on rating category as of December 31, 2018 and 2017: ($ in thousands) Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer December 31, 2018 & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total 1-2 $ 195 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 195 3 19,849 94,669 8,277 145,020 62,345 330,160 4 103,817 244,170 43,425 39,561 1,657 432,630 Total Pass (1 - 4) 123,861 338,839 51,702 184,581 64,002 762,985 Special Mention (5) 680 20 310 - - 1,010 Substandard (6) 2,305 1,714 - 2,488 334 6,841 Doubtful (7) 195 218 - 35 - 448 Loss (8) - - - - - - Total Loans $ 127,041 $ 340,791 $ 52,012 $ 187,104 $ 64,336 $ 771,284 ($ in thousands) Commercial Commercial RE Agricultural Residential Consumer December 31, 2017 & Industrial & Construction & Farmland Real Estate & Other Total 1-2 $ 96 $ 13 $ - $ 832 $ 1 $ 942 3 19,883 93,222 8,080 114,130 57,204 292,519 4 80,448 236,217 43,735 34,271 2,151 396,822 Total Pass (1 - 4) 100,427 329,452 51,815 149,233 59,356 690,283 Special Mention (5) 512 1,100 132 - 66 1,810 Substandard (6) 7 580 - 1,583 197 2,367 Doubtful (7) 608 1,022 - 38 - 1,668 Loss (8) - - - - - - Total Loans $ 101,554 $ 332,154 $ 51,947 $ 150,854 $ 59,619 $ 696,128 The Company evaluates the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology on an ongoing basis. The Company uses a five-year average of historical losses for the general component of the allowance for loan loss calculation. No significant changes were made to the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology during the periods presented. The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis as of December 31, 2018 and 2017: ($ in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2018 Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Commercial & industrial $ 120 $ - $ 661 $ 781 $ 126,260 $ 127,041 Commercial RE & construction 342 1 - 343 340,448 340,791 Agricultural & farmland - - - - 52,012 52,012 Residential real estate 2,391 824 372 3,587 183,517 187,104 Consumer & other 177 79 78 334 64,002 64,336 Total Loans $ 3,030 $ 904 $ 1,111 $ 5,045 $ 766,239 $ 771,284 ($ in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2017 Past Due Past Due 90 Days Due Current Receivable Commercial & industrial $ 85 $ - $ 88 $ 173 $ 101,381 $ 101,554 Commercial RE & construction 110 - 1,086 1,196 330,958 332,154 Agricultural & farmland - - - - 51,947 51,947 Residential real estate 484 379 433 1,296 149,558 150,854 Consumer & other 182 21 103 306 59,313 59,619 Total Loans $ 861 $ 400 $ 1,710 $ 2,971 $ 693,157 $ 696,128 All loans past due 90 days are systematically placed on nonaccrual status. A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance (ASC 310-10-35-16), when based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming commercial loans but also include loans modified in TDRs where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. The following tables present impaired loan activity for the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: ($ in thousands) Twelve Months Ended Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income December 31, 2018 Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial $ 575 $ 802 $ - $ 370 $ 21 Commercial RE & construction 283 283 - 336 21 Agricultural & farmland - - - - - Residential real estate 1,249 1,292 - 1,995 91 Consumer & other 113 113 - 125 8 With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial 125 125 61 127 21 Commercial RE & construction - - - - - Agricultural & farmland - - - - - Residential real estate 862 888 73 426 20 Consumer & other 77 77 4 91 6 Totals: Commercial & industrial $ 700 $ 927 $ 61 $ 497 $ 42 Commercial RE & construction $ 283 $ 283 $ - $ 336 $ 21 Agricultural & farmland $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential real estate $ 2,111 $ 2,180 $ 73 $ 2,421 $ 111 Consumer & other $ 190 $ 190 $ 4 $ 216 $ 14 ($ in thousands) Twelve Months Ended Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income December 31, 2017 Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial RE & construction 696 722 - 756 34 Agricultural & farmland - - - - - Residential real estate 752 795 - 1,460 67 Consumer & other 110 110 - 128 9 With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial - - - - - Commercial RE & construction 689 689 146 713 - Agricultural & farmland - - - - - Residential real estate 1,078 1,097 178 628 25 Consumer & other 87 87 5 91 5 Totals: Commercial & industrial $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial RE & construction $ 1,385 $ 1,411 $ 146 $ 1,469 $ 34 Agricultural & farmland $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential real estate $ 1,830 $ 1,892 $ 178 $ 2,088 $ 92 Consumer & other $ 197 $ 197 $ 5 $ 219 $ 14 Impaired loans less than $100,000 are included in groups of homogenous loans. These loans are evaluated based on delinquency status. Interest income recognized on a cash basis does not materially differ from interest income recognized on an accrual basis. Troubled Debt Restructured (TDR) Loans TDRs are modified loans where a concession was provided to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the concessions provided are not available to the borrower through either normal channels or other sources. However, not all loan modifications are TDRs. TDR Concession Types The Company’s standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analysis, and collateral valuations. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet a borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. All loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs, are reviewed and approved. The types of concessions provided to borrowers include: ● Interest rate reduction: A reduction of the stated interest rate to a nonmarket rate for the remaining original life of the debt. The Company also may grant interest rate concessions for a limited timeframe on a case by case basis. ● Amortization or maturity date change beyond what the collateral supports, including a change that does any of the following: (1) Lengthens the amortization period of the amortized principal beyond market terms. This concession reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (2) Reduces the amount of loan principal to be amortized. This concession also reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (3) Extends the maturity date or dates of the debt beyond what the collateral supports. This concession generally applies to loans without a balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. In addition, there may be instances where renewing loans potentially require non-market terms and would then be reclassified as TDRs. ● Other: A concession that is not categorized as one of the concessions described above. These concessions include, but are not limited to: principal forgiveness, collateral concessions, covenant concessions, and reduction of accrued interest. Principal forgiveness may result from any TDR modification of any concession type. There were no new TDRs during the period ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. There was no increase in the allowance for loan losses due to TDRs in the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. There were no TDRs that were originated and subsequently defaulted in the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. |