Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The following tables present the categories of loans at December 31, 2020 and 2019: Total Loans Nonaccrual Loans ($ in thousands) December 2020 December 2019 December 2020 December 2019 Commercial & industrial $ 204,767 $ 151,047 $ 902 $ 1,772 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 113,169 98,488 1,450 1,362 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied 257,651 268,294 962 464 Agricultural 55,235 50,994 - - Residential real estate 182,165 193,159 2,704 1,635 Home equity line of credit (HELOC) 46,310 48,070 390 249 Consumer 14,847 14,738 18 18 Total loans $ 874,144 $ 824,790 $ 6,426 $ 5,500 Net deferred costs (fees) $ (1,421 ) $ 720 Total loans, net deferred costs (fees) $ 872,723 $ 825,510 Allowance for loan losses $ (12,574 ) $ (8,755 ) The Company makes commercial, agri-business, consumer and residential loans to customers throughout its defined market area. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since a portion of the commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer’s creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, commercial real estate and residential real estate. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Forward sale commitments are commitments to sell groups of residential mortgage loans that the Company originates or purchases as part of its mortgage banking activities. The Company commits to sell the loans at specified prices in a future period, typically within forty-five days. These commitments are acquired to reduce market risk on mortgage loans in the process of origination and mortgage loans held-for-sales since the Company is exposed to interest rate risk during the period between issuing a loan commitment and the sales of the loan into the secondary market. Listed below is a summary of loan commitments, unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. ($ in thousands) 2020 2019 Loan commitments and unused lines of credit $ 215,616 $ 187,855 Standby letters of credit 3,161 2,657 Totals $ 218,777 $ 190,512 There are various contingent liabilities that are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. The risk characteristics of each loan portfolio segment are as follows: Commercial & Industrial and Agricultural Commercial & industrial and agricultural loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets, such as accounts receivable or inventory, and may include a personal guarantee. Short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial Real Estate (Owner and Nonowner Occupied) Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. The characteristics of properties securing the Company’s commercial real estate portfolio are diverse, but with geographic location almost entirely in the Company’s market area. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. In general, the Company avoids financing single purpose projects unless other underwriting factors are present to help mitigate risk. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate versus non-owner-occupied loans. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing feasibility studies, independent appraisal reviews and financial analysis of the developers and property owners. Construction loans are generally based on estimates of costs and value associated with the completed project. These estimates may be inaccurate. Construction loans often involve the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment substantially dependent on the success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be pre-committed permanent loans from approved long-term lenders, sales of developed property or an interim loan commitment from the Company until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property, general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing. Residential Real Estate, Home Equity Line of Credit (“HELOC”) and Consumer Residential and consumer loans consist of two segments – residential mortgage loans and personal loans. Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner-occupied, and the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. HELOCs are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer personal loans are secured by consumer personal assets, such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer personal loans are unsecured, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas, such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that these loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The following tables present the balance of the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) and the recorded investment in loans based on portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: ($ in thousands) For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2020 Commercial Commercial Agricultural Residential Consumer Total Beginning balance $ 1,883 $ 3,602 $ 434 $ 2,203 $ 633 $ 8,755 Charge offs (582 ) - - (82 ) (79 ) (743 ) Recoveries 16 - - 40 6 62 Provision 1,757 1,849 62 373 459 4,500 Ending balance $ 3,074 $ 5,451 $ 496 $ 2,534 $ 1,019 $ 12,574 December 31, 2020 Commercial Commercial Agricultural Residential Consumer Total Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 174 $ - $ 160 $ 3 $ 337 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 3,074 $ 5,277 $ 496 $ 2,374 $ 1,016 $ 12,237 Totals $ 3,074 $ 5,451 $ 496 $ 2,534 $ 1,019 $ 12,574 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 849 $ 2,202 $ - $ 2,746 $ 162 $ 5,959 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 203,918 $ 368,618 $ 55,235 $ 179,419 $ 60,995 $ 868,185 Totals $ 204,767 $ 370,820 $ 55,235 $ 182,165 $ 61,157 $ 874,144 ($ in thousands) Commercial Commercial Agricultural Residential Consumer Total Beginning balance $ 1,435 $ 2,923 $ 482 $ 2,567 $ 760 $ 8,167 Charge offs (143 ) - - (53 ) (63 ) (259 ) Recoveries 9 1 - 14 23 47 Provision (credit) 582 678 (48 ) (325 ) (87 ) 800 Ending balance $ 1,883 $ 3,602 $ 434 $ 2,203 $ 633 $ 8,755 December 31, 2019 Commercial Commercial real estate Agricultural Residential real estate Consumer Total Allowance: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 511 $ 147 $ - $ 68 $ - $ 726 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,372 $ 3,455 $ 434 $ 2,135 $ 633 $ 8,029 Totals $ 1,883 $ 3,602 $ 434 $ 2,203 $ 633 $ 8,755 Loans: Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,722 $ 1,558 $ - $ 2,274 $ 31 $ 5,585 Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 149,325 $ 365,224 $ 50,994 $ 190,885 $ 62,777 $ 819,205 Totals $ 151,047 $ 366,782 $ 50,994 $ 193,159 $ 62,808 $ 824,790 Credit Risk Profile The Company categorizes loans into risk categories (loan grades) based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis includes loans with an outstanding balance greater than $100,000 and non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Pass (grades 1 – 4): Special Mention (grade 5): Substandard (grade 6): Doubtful (grade 7): Loss (grade 8): The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio based on rating category as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: ($ in thousands) Commercial & industrial Commercial real estate - owner occupied Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied Agricultural Residential real estate HELOC Consumer Total Pass (1 - 4) $ 202,543 $ 108,726 $ 250,405 $ 55,227 $ 178,575 $ 45,866 $ 14,807 $ 856,149 Special Mention (5) 1,485 2,993 3,338 - - - 14 7,830 Substandard (6) 151 - 3,026 8 3,560 444 26 7,215 Doubtful (7) 588 1,450 882 - 30 - - 2,950 Loss (8) - - - - - - - - Total Loans $ 204,767 $ 113,169 $ 257,651 $ 55,235 $ 182,165 $ 46,310 $ 14,847 $ 874,144 December 31, 2019 Commercial Commercial real estate - owner occupied Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied Agricultural Residential real estate HELOC Consumer Total Pass (1 - 4) $ 147,667 $ 96,836 $ 265,839 $ 50,994 $ 190,438 $ 47,787 $ 14,706 $ 814,267 Special Mention (5) 597 - 543 - - - - 1,140 Substandard (6) 1,444 290 1,663 - 2,689 283 32 6,401 Doubtful (7) 1,339 1,362 249 - 32 - - 2,982 Loss (8) - - - - - - - - Total Loans $ 151,047 $ 98,488 $ 268,294 $ 50,994 $ 193,159 $ 48,070 $ 14,738 $ 824,790 The Company evaluates the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology on an ongoing basis. The Company uses a five-year average of historical losses for the general component of the allowance for loan loss calculation. No significant changes were made to the loan risk grading system definitions and allowance for loan loss methodology during the periods presented. The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis as of December 31, 2020 and 2019: ($ in thousands) 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2020 Past Due Past Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Commercial & industrial $ 380 $ - $ 618 $ 998 $ 203,769 $ 204,767 Commercial real estate - owner occupied - - 1,450 1,450 111,719 113,169 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied - 141 699 840 256,811 257,651 Agricultural 8 - - 8 55,227 55,235 Residential real estate 12 1,393 1,212 2,617 179,548 182,165 HELOC 190 74 198 462 45,848 46,310 Consumer 123 42 20 185 14,662 14,847 Total Loans $ 713 $ 1,650 $ 4,197 $ 6,560 $ 867,584 $ 874,144 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Than Total Past Total Loans December 31, 2019 Past Due Past Due Past Due Due Current Receivable Commercial & industrial $ 64 $ - $ 312 $ 376 $ 150,671 $ 151,047 Commercial real estate - owner occupied - - - - 98,488 98,488 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied - - 215 215 268,079 268,294 Agricultural 13 - - 13 50,981 50,994 Residential real estate 309 415 644 1,368 191,791 193,159 HELOC 166 91 56 313 47,757 48,070 Consumer 65 93 14 172 14,566 14,738 Total Loans $ 617 $ 599 $ 1,241 $ 2,457 $ 822,333 $ 824,790 All loans past due 90 days are systematically placed on nonaccrual status. A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance (ASC 310-10-35-16), when based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming commercial loans but also include loans modified in TDRs where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. The following tables present impaired loan activity for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and 2019: ($ in thousands) Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income December 31, 2020 Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial $ 849 $ 1,645 $ - $ 1,878 $ 50 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 1,441 1,441 - 1,573 11 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied 182 182 - 258 14 Agricultural - - - - - Residential real estate 1,017 1,084 - 1,243 64 HELOC 89 89 98 4 Consumer 7 7 - 12 1 With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial - - - - - Commercial real estate - owner occupied - - - - - Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied 579 579 174 579 3 Agricultural - - - - - Residential real estate 1,729 1,774 160 1,785 14 HELOC 66 66 3 83 6 Consumer - - - - - Totals: Commercial & industrial $ 849 $ 1,645 $ - $ 1,878 $ 50 Commercial real estate - owner occupied $ 1,441 $ 1,441 $ - $ 1,573 $ 11 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied $ 761 $ 761 $ 174 $ 837 $ 17 Agricultural $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential real estate $ 2,746 $ 2,858 $ 160 $ 3,028 $ 78 HELOC $ 155 $ 155 $ 3 $ 181 $ 10 Consumer $ 7 $ 7 $ - $ 12 $ 1 ($ in thousands) Recorded Unpaid Principal Related Average Recorded Interest Income December 31, 2019 Investment Balance Allowance Investment Recognized With no related allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial $ 722 $ 1,092 $ - $ 1,377 $ 114 Commercial real estate - owner occupied - - - - - Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied 196 197 - 259 21 Agricultural - - - - - Residential real estate 1,621 1,687 - 2,001 106 HELOC 16 16 18 1 Consumer 15 15 - 19 1 With a specific allowance recorded: Commercial & industrial 1,000 1,000 511 823 49 Commercial real estate - owner occupied 1,362 1,362 147 1,362 38 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied - - - - - Agricultural - - - - - Residential real estate 653 653 68 666 31 HELOC - - - - - Consumer - - - - - Totals: Commercial & industrial $ 1,722 $ 2,092 $ 511 $ 2,200 $ 163 Commercial real estate - owner occupied $ 1,362 $ 1,362 $ 147 $ 1,362 $ 38 Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied $ 196 $ 197 $ - $ 259 $ 21 Agricultural $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Residential real estate $ 2,274 $ 2,340 $ 68 $ 2,667 $ 137 HELOC $ 16 $ 16 $ - $ 18 $ 1 Consumer $ 15 $ 15 $ - $ 19 $ 1 Impaired loans less than $100,000 are included in groups of homogenous loans. These loans are evaluated based on delinquency status. Interest income recognized on a cash basis does not materially differ from interest income recognized on an accrual basis. Troubled Debt Restructured (TDR) Loans TDRs are modified loans where a concession was provided to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the concessions provided are not available to the borrower through either normal channels or other sources. However, not all loan modifications are TDRs. TDR Concession Types The Company’s standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analysis, and collateral valuations. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet a borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. All loan modifications, including those classified as TDRs, are reviewed and approved. The types of concessions provided to borrowers include: ● Interest rate reduction: A reduction of the stated interest rate to a nonmarket rate for the remaining original life of the debt. The Company also may grant interest rate concessions for a limited timeframe on a case by case basis. ● Amortization or maturity date change beyond what the collateral supports, including a change that does any of the following: (1) Lengthens the amortization period of the amortized principal beyond market terms. This concession reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (2) Reduces the amount of loan principal to be amortized. This concession also reduces the minimum monthly payment and increases the amount of the balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. Principal is generally not forgiven. (3) Extends the maturity date or dates of the debt beyond what the collateral supports. This concession generally applies to loans without a balloon payment at the end of the term of the loan. In addition, there may be instances where renewing loans potentially require non-market terms and would then be reclassified as TDRs. ● Other: A concession that is not categorized as one of the concessions described above. These concessions include, but are not limited to: principal forgiveness, collateral concessions, covenant concessions, and reduction of accrued interest. Principal forgiveness may result from any TDR modification of any concession type. There were no new TDRs during the period ended December 31, 2020. The following table represents new TDR activity for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019: ($ in thousands) Number of Loans Pre-Modification Post Modification Commercial & industrial 3 $ 763 $ 763 Total modifications 3 $ 763 $ 763 Interest Total Only Term Combination Modification Commercial & industrial $ 150 $ 613 $ - $ 763 Total modifications $ 150 $ 613 $ - $ 763 There were no TDRs modified during the past twelve months that have subsequently defaulted. On March 22, 2020, a statement was issued by the Company’s bank regulators and titled the “Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus” (the “Interagency Statement”) that encourages financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers who are unable to meet the contractual payment obligations due to the effects of COVID-19. Additionally, Section 4013 of the CARES Act further provides that a qualified loan modification is exempt by law from classification as a troubled debt restructure as defined by GAAP, from the period beginning March 1, 2020 until the earlier of December 31, 2021 or the date that is 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning the COVID-19 outbreak under the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) terminates. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had nine loans with a total balance of $23.2 million still on payment deferral. The Company was an active participant in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) initiative as detailed in the discussion of financial results for 2020. The Company originated approximately 700 loans with a total balance of $83.6 million. As of December 31, 2020, $70.6 million in balances remained outstanding. Fees for the originations were $3.2 million of which $1.4 million was taken into income during 2020. |