As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 22, 2016
Securities Act File No. 333-212618
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549.
FORM N-14
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 x
Pre-Effective Amendment No. o
Post-Effective Amendment No. o
____________________________
Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
36 North New York Avenue
Huntington, NY 11743
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(631) 629-4237
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)
The Corporation Trust Company
Corporate Trust Center
1209 Orange Street
Wilmington, DE 19801
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
____________________________
Andrew J. Davalla |
Thompson Hine LLP |
41 South High Street, Suite 1700 |
Columbus, Ohio 43215 614-469-3353 (phone) |
|
____________________________
Title of securities being registered: Shares of a class of the Registrant
No filing fee is required because the Registrant is relying on Section 24(f) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, pursuant to which it has previously registered an indefinite number of shares.
Approximate date of proposed public offering: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
COMBINED PROXY STATEMENT AND PROSPECTUS
FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF
Iron Horse Fund
(a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust)
INTO
Rational Iron Horse Fund
(a series of Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust)
And
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
TO COMBINED PROXY STATEMENT AND PROSPECTUS
[ ], 2016
Iron Horse Fund
a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust
[ ], 2016
Dear Shareholder,
We are sending this information to you because you are a shareholder of the Iron Horse Fund (the “Existing Fund”), a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust (“NLFT”). We are pleased to announce that after careful consideration, Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC (“Van Hulzen”), the Existing Fund’s investment adviser, recommended, and the Board of Trustees of NLFT approved, the reorganization of the Existing Fund into a new series of Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust (“MFVIT”), the Rational Iron Horse Fund (the “New Fund”) (the “Reorganization”). The proposed Reorganization will result in a change to the Existing Fund’s expense ratio. The investment objective and principal investment strategies of the Existing Fund will remain the same.
Van Hulzen serves as the adviser to the Existing Fund, and will become the sub-adviser to the New Fund. Rational Advisors, Inc. will serve as the investment adviser to the New Fund. Van Hulzen believes the shareholders of the Existing Fund will benefit from the Reorganization because it will provide the Existing Fund increased opportunities for asset growth which may result in a decline in Fund expenses. The New Fund will also be part of a fund family subject to the oversight of Rational Advisors, Inc.
A Special Meeting of Shareholders of the Existing Fund is to be held at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time on [SH Meeting Date], 2016, at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, New York, where shareholders of the Existing Fund will be asked to vote on the Reorganization of the Existing Fund into the New Fund. A Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus (the “Proxy Statement”) regarding the meeting, a proxy card for your vote at the meeting, and a postage-prepaid envelope in which to return your proxy card are enclosed. Also enclosed is the Statement of Additional Information to the Proxy Statement, which should be read in conjunction with the Proxy Statement and provides additional information about the Reorganization.
As further explained in the enclosed Proxy Statement, upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, your current shares in the Existing Fund will be exchanged for shares of the New Fund, at the closing of the Reorganization. This exchange is expected to be a tax-free exchange for shareholders. You may purchase and redeem shares of the Existing Fund in the ordinary course until the last business day before the closing. Purchase and redemption requests received after that time will be treated as purchase and redemption requests for shares of the New Fund received in connection with the Reorganization.
The Reorganization will result in a decrease in the total net fund expenses payable by the New Fund as compared to the total net fund expenses that are currently paid by the Existing Fund. No sales loads, commissions or other transactional fees will be imposed on shareholders in connection with the tax-free exchange of their shares.
If Existing Fund shareholders approve the Reorganization, the Reorganization will take effect on or about _________, 2016. At that time, the shares of the Existing Fund that you currently own would, in effect, be exchanged on a tax-free basis for shares of the New Fund with the same aggregate value.
The Board of Trustees of NLFT, on behalf of the Existing Fund, has approved the proposed Reorganization, at the request of Van Hulzen, subject to approval by the Existing Fund’s shareholders.
Likewise, the Board of Trustees of MFVIT has authorized the Reorganization and approved an investment advisory agreement with Rational Advisors, Inc. and a subadvisory agreement with Van Hulzen to serve as the New Fund’s investment sub-adviser.
More information on the New Fund, reasons for the proposed Reorganization and benefits to the Existing Fund’s shareholders is contained in the enclosed Proxy Statement. You should review the Proxy Statement carefully and retain it for future reference. Shareholder approval is required to effect the Reorganization, which is expected to close on or about [ ], 2016.
Sincerely,
James Ash
Secretary
Northern Lights Fund Trust
NORTHERN LIGHTS FUND TRUST
Iron Horse Fund
17605 Wright Street
Omaha, NE 68130
NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD [SH MEETING DATE], 2016.
To the Shareholders of the Iron Horse Fund:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Special Meeting”) of the Iron Horse Fund (the “Existing Fund”), a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust (“NLFT”), is to be held at 8:00 a.m. Eastern time on __________, 2016, at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, New York.
The Special Meeting is being held to consider an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Plan”) providing for the transfer of all of the assets of the Existing Fund to the Rational Iron Horse Fund (the “New Fund”), a series of Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust (“MFVIT”).
The transfer effectively would be an exchange of your shares of the Existing Fund for shares of the New Fund, which would be distributed pro rata by the Existing Fund to holders of its shares in complete liquidation of the Existing Fund, and the New Fund’s assumption of the Existing Fund’s liabilities.
Those present and the appointed proxies also will transact such other business, if any, as may properly come before the Special Meeting or any adjournments or postponements thereof. Holders of record of the shares of beneficial interest in the Existing Fund as of the close of business on __________, 2016, are entitled to vote at the Special Meeting or any adjournments or postponements thereof.
If the necessary quorum to transact business or the vote required to approve the plan is not obtained at the Special Meeting, or if a quorum is obtained but sufficient votes required to approve the Plan are not obtained, the persons named as proxies on the enclosed proxy card may propose one or more adjournments of the Special Meeting to permit, in accordance with applicable law, further solicitation of proxies with respect to the proposal. Whether or not a quorum is present, any such adjournment as to a matter will require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares represented at that meeting, either in person or by proxy. The meeting may be held as adjourned within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting without further notice, unless a new record date is established for the adjourned meeting and the adjourned meeting is held less than 10 days or more than 90 days from the record date. The persons designated as proxies may use their discretionary authority to vote on questions of adjournment and on any other proposals raised at the Special Meeting to the extent permitted by the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including proposals for which timely notice was not received, as set forth in the SEC’s proxy rules.
By order of the Board of Trustees of NLFT,
James Ash
Secretary
Northern Lights Fund Trust
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Special Meeting of Shareholders to be Held on __________, 2016 or any adjournment or postponement thereof. This Notice and Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus are available on the internet at [www.proxyonline.com/docs/ironhorse/]. On this website, you will be able to access this Notice, the Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus, any accompanying materials and any amendments or supplements to the foregoing material that are required to be furnished to shareholders. We encourage you to access and review all of the important information contained in the proxy materials before voting.
IMPORTANT — We urge you to sign and date the enclosed proxy card and return it in the enclosed addressed envelope, which requires no postage and is intended for your convenience. You also may vote in person at the time and at the address indicated on your proxy card; through the internet, by visiting the website address on your proxy card; or by telephone, by using the toll-free number on your proxy card. Your prompt vote may save the Existing Fund the necessity of further solicitations to ensure a quorum at the Special Meeting.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RELATING TO THE REORGANIZATION
While we encourage you to read the full text of the enclosed Proxy Statement/Prospectus, below is a brief overview of the proposal, which will require your vote.
| Q. | What are shareholders being asked to vote on at the upcoming Special Meeting on [SH Meeting Date], 2016? |
| A. | The Board of Trustees of Northern Lights Fund Trust (“NLFT”) has called the Special Meeting at which you will be asked to vote on the reorganization (the "Reorganization") of the Iron Horse Fund (the "Existing Fund") into the Rational Iron Horse Fund (the "New Fund"). If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not vote to approve the Reorganization, the Trustees of Northern Lights Fund Trust will consider other possible courses of action in the best interests of shareholders, including seeking shareholder approval of amended proposals. |
| Q. | Has the Board approved the Reorganization? |
| A. | The Board of Trustees of NLFT has determined that the Reorganization is in the best interests of the shareholders of the Existing Fund and recommends that you vote in favor of the Reorganization. |
| Q. | What will happen to my existing shares? |
| A. | Your shares of the Existing Fund will be exchanged for shares of the New Fund. You will not pay any sales charges in connection with the Reorganization. Although the price of the new shares of the New Fund may be different from the price of your current shares of the Existing Fund, the new shares you receive will have the same total value as your current shares immediately prior to the Reorganization so that the value of your investment will remain exactly the same. |
| Q. | How do the investment objective and principal strategies of the Existing Fund and the New Fund compare? |
| A. | The investment objective and principal investment strategies of the Existing Fund and the New Fund are identical. Both Funds seek total return with less volatility than equity markets in general. |
| Q. | Will I incur any transaction costs as a result of the Reorganization? |
| A. | No. Shareholders will not incur any transaction costs, e.g., sales charges or redemption fees, as a result of the Reorganization. After the Reorganization, in the normal course of business the New Fund may dispose of certain securities received by it from the Existing Fund. Such sales may result in transaction costs, which will be indirectly borne by shareholders. |
| Q. | What is the timetable for the Reorganization? |
| A. | If approved by shareholders of record at the Special Meeting, the Reorganization is expected to occur on or about __________, 2016. |
| Q. | Who will pay for the Reorganization? |
| A. | The expenses of the proxy solicitation and shareholder meeting, including legal expenses, printing, packaging and postage, will be paid by Rational Advisors, Inc. and Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC. |
| Q. | Will the Reorganization create a taxable event for me? |
| A. | No. The Reorganization is intended to have no direct or indirect federal income tax consequences for you. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers concerning the potential tax consequences of the Reorganization to them, including foreign, state and local tax consequences. |
| Q. | Will the Reorganization result in new or higher fees for shareholders? |
| A. | No. The Reorganization will not result in higher fees for shareholders. The New Fund’s total operating expenses will be slightly lower than those of the Existing Fund. Rational Advisors, LLC will be paid an investment advisory fee equal to 1.25% of the New Fund's average daily net assets which is the same as the investment advisory fee currently paid by the Existing Fund. It is expected that the New Fund will not incur acquired fund fees and expenses as currently reflected in the Existing Fund’s total operating expenses. Estimated Other Expenses of the New Fund are expected to be lower than those of the Existing Fund. Other Expenses for the New Fund do include a shareholder services fee of 0.25% of the average daily net assets for Class A and Institutional Class shares. The Existing Fund does not charge a similar fee for shareholder services. Each Fund’s Class A shares pay 0.25% in 12b-1 fees. Institutional Class shares of the New Fund and Class I shares of the Existing Fund do not pay 12b-1 fees. |
Rational Advisors, Inc. has contractually agreed to waive fees and/or reimburse expenses of the New Fund, to insure that, subject to certain limitations, total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver/reimbursement do not exceed 1.70% and 1.95% of average daily net assets attributable to the New Fund’s Institutional Class and Class A shares, respectively through April 30, 2018. Van Hulzen has contractually agreed to reduce its fees and to reimburse expenses of the Existing Fund, at least until July 31, 2017, to ensure that total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver and/or reimbursement will not exceed 1.70% and 1.95% of average daily net assets attributable to the Existing Fund’s Class I and Class A shares, respectively.
| Q. | What happens if the Reorganization is not approved? |
| A. | If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not approve the Reorganization, the Reorganization will not take effect and the Board of Trustees of the Existing Fund may consider possible alternative arrangements in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its shareholders, including liquidation of the Existing Fund. |
| Q. | How do I vote my shares? |
| A. | You can vote your shares by mail, telephone or internet by following the instructions on the enclosed proxy card. You may also vote your shares in person by attending the meeting in person on __________, 2016 at ______________________________. |
| Q. | Who should I call with questions about this proxy? |
A. If you have any questions about the Reorganization, Plan, Proxy Statement or the proxy card, please do not hesitate to call 1-[ ].
PLEASE VOTE THE ENCLOSED PROXY BALLOT CARD.
YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT!
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SIGNING PROXY CARDS
The following general rules for signing proxy cards may be of assistance to you and will avoid the time and expense to Northern Lights Fund Trust in validating your vote if you fail to sign your proxy card properly.
1. Individual Accounts: Sign your name exactly as it appears in the registration on the proxy card.
| 2. | Joint Accounts: Each party must sign the proxy card. Each party should sign exactly as shown in the registration on the proxy card. |
| 3. | All Other Accounts: The capacity of the individual signing the proxy card should be indicated unless it is reflected in the form of registration. For example: |
Registration Valid Signature
Corporate Accounts
(1) | ABC Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | ABC Corp. |
(2) | ABC Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | John Doe, Treasurer |
(3) | ABC Corp. c/o John Doe, Treasurer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | John Doe |
(4) | ABC Corp. Profit Sharing Plan . . . . . . . . . . | John Doe, Trustee |
Trust Accounts
(1) | ABC Trust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | Jane B. Doe, Trustee |
(2) | Jane B. Doe, Trustee u/t/d 12/28/78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | Jane B. Doe |
Custodial or Estate Accounts
(1) | John B. Smith, Cust. | |
(2) | f/b/o John B. Smith, Jr. UGMA . . . . . . . . . . Estate of John B. Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | John B. Smith John B. Smith, Jr., Executor |
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Special Meeting of Shareholders to be Held on _____________, 2016 or any adjournment or postponement thereof. This Notice and Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus are available on the internet at [www.proxyonline.com/docs/IronHorse.] On this website, you will be able to access this Notice, the Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus, any accompanying materials and any amendments or supplements to the foregoing material that are required to be furnished to shareholders. We encourage you to access and review all of the important information contained in the proxy materials before voting.
COMBINED PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
_____________, 2016
FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF
Iron Horse Fund
A series of Northern Lights Fund Trust
Class A Shares IHRAX
Class I Shares IHRAX
__________________
IN EXCHANGE FOR SHARES OF
Rational Iron Horse[ ] Fund
A series of Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust
Class A Shares [ ]
Institutional Class [ ]
c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC
17605 Wright Street, Suite 2
Omaha, Nebraska 68130
1-855-282-1100
This Combined Proxy Statement and Prospectus (the “Proxy Statement”) is being furnished to shareholders of the existing Iron Horse Fund (the “Existing Fund”), a series of Northern Lights Fund Trust (“NLFT”), in connection with an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Reorganization Agreement”) by and between NLFT, on behalf of the Existing Fund, and Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance (“MFVIT”), on behalf of the Rational Iron Horse Fund (the “New Fund”), a series of MFVIT, for use at a Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Special Meeting”) of the Existing Fund, at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, New York on ___________, 2016, at 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time. At the Special Meeting, shareholders of the Existing Fund will be asked to consider and approve the Reorganization Agreement. A copy of the Reorganization Agreement is attached as Exhibit A.
Proposal
| 1. | Approval of the Reorganization Agreement that provides for: (i) the transfer of all of the assets and liabilities of the Existing Fund in exchange for shares of the New Fund; and (ii) the distribution of shares of the New Fund so received to shareholders of the Existing Fund. |
| 2. | To transact such other business as may properly come before the Special Meeting or any adjournment thereof. |
The Reorganization Agreement provides that the Existing Fund will transfer all of its assets and liabilities to the New Fund. In exchange for the transfer of these assets and liabilities, the New Fund will simultaneously issue shares to the Existing Fund in an amount equal in value to the net asset value of the Existing Fund’s shares as of the close of business on the business day preceding the foregoing transfers (the “Reorganization”). These transfers are expected to occur on or about ___________, 2016 (the “Closing Date”).
Immediately after the transfer of the Existing Fund's assets and liabilities, the Existing Fund will make a liquidating distribution to its shareholders of the New Fund shares received, so that a holder of shares in the Existing Fund at the Closing Date of the Reorganization will receive a number of shares of the New Fund with the same aggregate value as the shareholder had in the Existing Fund immediately before the Reorganization. At the Closing Date of the Reorganization, shareholders of the Existing Fund will become shareholders of the New Fund. If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not vote to approve the Reorganization, the Trustees of NLFT will consider other possible courses of action in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its shareholders, including liquidation of the Existing Fund.
Each of NLFT and MFVIT is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). NLFT is a Delaware statutory trust. MFVIT is a Delaware statutory trust. Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC (“Van Hulzen”) is the investment adviser to the Existing Fund. Van Hulzen will be the subadviser to the New Fund. Rational Advisors, Inc. will serve as investment adviser to the New Fund. Van Hulzen believes the shareholders of the New Fund will benefit from the Reorganization as Van Hulzen will continue to provide investment advisory services to the New Fund in its
role as subadviser. Gemini Fund Services, LLC is the transfer, administrative and fund accounting agent for the New Fund and the Existing Fund. Northern Lights Distributors, LLC is the principal distributor of the Existing Fund and the New Fund.
As explained in greater detail below, the approval of this proposal will, in effect, approve actions taken by the Board of MFVIT, on behalf of the New Fund to approve an investment advisory agreement with Rational Advisors, Inc. and a subadvisory agreement with Van Hulzen. The initial sole shareholder of the New Fund will provide initial shareholder approval of these agreements.
This Proxy Statement contains information you should know before voting on the proposed Reorganization. Please read this Proxy Statement and keep it for future reference. If you need additional copies of this Proxy Statement, please contact the Existing Fund at 1-855-754-7940. Additional copies of this Proxy Statement will be delivered to you promptly upon request. For a free copy of the Iron Horse Fund’s annual report for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 or semi-annual report for the fiscal period ended September 30, 2015, please contact the Iron Horse Fund at 1-855-754-7940, at [www.proxyonline.com/docs/IronHorse ]or in writing at, c/o Gemini Fund Services, LLC, 17605 Wright Street, Omaha NE 68130.
This Proxy Statement sets forth concisely the information that a shareholder of the Existing Fund should know before voting on the Reorganization and should be retained for future reference. Certain additional relevant documents listed below, which have been filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), are incorporated in whole or in part by reference. (That means that those documents are considered legally to be part of this Proxy Statement). A Prospectus (as supplemented from time to time) and Statement of Additional Information for the Existing Fund, dated July 29, 2016, indirectly relating to this Proxy Statement and including certain financial information about the Existing Fund, has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated in its entirety into this Proxy Statement. A copy of the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information is available upon request and without charge by calling the Existing Fund toll-free at 1-855-241-7514. For a detailed discussion of the investment objectives, policies, risks and restrictions of the Existing Fund, see the Prospectus for the Fund dated July 29, 2016.
The Existing Fund’s Prospectus dated July 29, 2016 and Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, containing audited financial statements, have been previously mailed to shareholders. Copies of these documents are available upon request and without charge by writing to NLFT, through the Internet at www.ironhorsefund.com or by calling 1-855-241-7514.
This Proxy Statement will be mailed on or about __________, 2016 to shareholders of record of the Existing Fund as of [ ], 2016 (the “Record Date”).
THE U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION HAS NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OF THIS PROXY STATEMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this Proxy Statement and in the materials expressly incorporated herein by reference and, if given or made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the Fund.
Table of Contents
SYNOPSIS | 1 |
The Reorganization | 1 |
The Funds | 2 |
Fees and Expenses | 2 |
Investment Objectives | 4 |
Fund Performance | 5 |
Investment Limitations | 5 |
The Funds' Purchase, Exchange and Redemption Procedures | 9 |
Purchase Procedures. | 12 |
Principal Risks of Investing in the Funds | 17 |
Fund Management | 22 |
The Adviser | 22 |
The Sub-Adviser | 22 |
Portfolio Managers | 22 |
The Investment Adviser | 24 |
Sub-Adviser Portfolio Managers | 24 |
INFORMATION RELATING TO THE REORGANIZATION | 25 |
Description of the Reorganization | 25 |
Costs of Reorganization | 26 |
Federal Income Taxes | 26 |
Capitalization | 26 |
REASONS FOR THE REORGANIZATION | 27 |
SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS | 28 |
General Shareholder Rights | 28 |
Taxes | 30 |
INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXISTING FUND AND NEW FUND | 31 |
VOTING MATTERS | 32 |
General Information | 32 |
Voting Rights and Required Vote | 32 |
Record Date and Outstanding Shares | 33 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 34 |
OTHER BUSINESS | 36 |
SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES | 37 |
EXHIBIT A | A-1 |
EXHIBIT B | B-1 |
SYNOPSIS
This Synopsis is designed to allow you to compare the current fees, investment objective, policies and restrictions, and distribution, purchase, exchange and redemption procedures of the Existing Fund with those of the New Fund. This Synopsis is a summary of certain information contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement or incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement. Shareholders should read this entire Proxy Statement carefully. For more complete information, please read the Prospectus for the Existing Fund. The prospectus for the New Fund is not yet effective.
The Reorganization
Background. Pursuant to the Reorganization Agreement, the Existing Fund will transfer all of its assets and liabilities to the New Fund in exchange solely for shares of the New Fund.
The Existing Fund will then distribute the New Fund shares that it receives to its shareholders in complete liquidation. The result of the Reorganization is that shareholders of the Existing Fund will become shareholders of the New Fund. No front-end sales charges or contingent deferred sales charges will be imposed in connection with the Reorganization. If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not vote to approve the Reorganization, the Trustees of NLFT may consider possible alternative arrangements in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its shareholders, including liquidation of the Existing Fund.
The Board of Trustees of NLFT, including the Trustees who are not "interested persons" within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act, has concluded that the Reorganization would be in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its shareholders, and that the interests of existing shareholders in the Existing Fund will not be diluted as a result of the transactions contemplated by the Reorganization or suffer any unfair burden as a result of the Reorganization. The Board of Trustees of NLFT recommends that you vote FOR approval of the Reorganization.
Tax Consequences. The Reorganization is intended to qualify for federal income tax purposes as a tax-free reorganization. If the Reorganization so qualifies, shareholders of the Existing Fund will not recognize a gain or loss in the respective transactions. Nevertheless, the sale of securities by the Existing Fund prior to its Reorganization could result in a taxable capital gains distribution prior to the Reorganization. Therefore, net capital gains (if any) related to the reorganization are expected to be insignificant. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers concerning the potential tax consequences of the Reorganization to them, including foreign, state and local tax consequences. Except in the normal course of managing the Existing Fund, the Existing Fund’s adviser does not intend to sell any securities prior to the Reorganization.
Special Considerations and Risk Factors. The investment objective and principal investment strategies of the Existing Fund and the New Fund is identical. The investment policies, however, are similar but differ in several aspects. For a comparison of each Fund's investment objectives and principal investment strategies, see "Investment Objective" below. For a more complete discussion of the risks associated with the respective Funds, see "Principal Risks" below.
The Funds
Business of the Funds. MFVIT is an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on June 23, 2006. MFVIT offers redeemable shares in different series of investment portfolios. The New Fund is a series of MFVIT. NLFT is an open-end management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on January 19, 2005, that offers redeemable shares in different series of investment portfolios. The Existing Fund is a series of NLFT. The Existing Fund offers two classes of shares, designated Class A and I. The New Fund offers Class A, Class C and Institutional Class shares. If the Reorganization is approved, Class A shareholders of the Existing Fund will receive Class A shares of the New Fund and Class I shareholders of the Existing Fund will receive Institutional Class shares of the New Fund.
Fees and Expenses
If the Reorganization is approved by shareholders, you, as a shareholder, will pay the fees assessed by the New Fund. The following tables compare the current fees and expenses of the Existing Fund with those of the New Fund. The Existing Fund’s expenses are based upon the most recent audited financial statements as of March 31, 2016. The New Fund’s expenses are based upon estimated expenses for its first fiscal year.
Comparison of Shareholder Fees
Fund | Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchase (as a percentage of offering price) | Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of net asset value) | Exchange Fee | Redemption Fee |
Existing Fund - Iron Horse Fund- Class A Shares | 5.75% | None | None | None |
Existing Fund - Iron Horse Fund Class I Shares | None | None | None | None |
| | | | |
New Fund - Rational Iron Horse Fund – Class A Shares | 5.75%1 | 1.00%2 | None | None |
New Fund - Rational Iron Horse Fund – Institutional Shares | None | None | None | None |
1 As described in the New Fund prospectus, investors that purchase $1,000,000 or more of the New Fund’s Class A shares will not pay any initial sales charge on the purchase.
2. In the case of investments at or above the $1 million breakpoint (where you do not pay an initial sales charge), a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% of the redemption amount applies to Class A Shares redeemed up to 24 months after purchase under certain investment programs where an investment professional received an advance payment on the transaction.
Comparison of Annual Operating Expenses
(as a percentage of average net assets)
| Management Fees | Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees | Other Expenses | Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses | Total Fund Operating Expenses | Fee Waiver | Total Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver |
Existing Fund - Iron Horse Fund- Class A Shares | 1.25% | 0.25% | 0.86%1 | 0.01% | 2.37% | 0.41%2 | 1.96% |
Existing Fund - Iron Horse Fund Class I Shares | 1.25% | 0.00% | 0.86%1 | 0.01% | 2.12% | 0.41%2 | 1.71% |
| | | | | | | |
New Fund - Rational Iron Horse Fund – Class A Shares | 1.25% | 0.25% | 0.70%3,4 | 0.00%3 | 2.20% | 0.25%5 | 1.95% |
New Fund - Rational Iron Horse Fund – Institutional Shares | 1.25% | 0.00% | 0.70%1 | 0.00%3 | 1.95% | 0.25%5 | 1.70% |
1 Other expenses for the Existing Fund have been restated to reflect that the amounts previously available for recapture by the Adviser have been exhausted.
2. The Existing Fund’s adviser has contractually agreed to reduce its fees and to reimburse expenses, at least until July 31, 2017, to ensure that total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver and/or reimbursement (exclusive of any front-end or contingent deferred loads, brokerage fees and commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses, borrowing costs (such as interest and dividend expense on securities sold short), taxes, and extraordinary expenses, such as litigation expenses, will not exceed 1.95% and 1.70% of average daily net assets attributable to Class A and Class I shares, respectively. Fee waivers and expense reimbursements are subject to possible recoupment from the Fund in future years on a rolling three-year basis (within the three years after the fees have been waived or reimbursed) if such recoupment can be achieved within the expense limitation at time of waiver or at the time of recoupment, whichever is less.
3. Based on estimated expenses.
4. Includes shareholder services fee of 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to each of Class A and Institutional Class Shares.
5 Rational Advisors, Inc. has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment advisory fee and/or reimburse certain operating expenses of the Fund to the extent necessary in order to limit the Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (after the fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements, and exclusive of acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage costs, interest, taxes and dividends, and extraordinary expenses) to not more than 1.70% and 1.95% of the Institutional Shares and Class A Shares daily net assets, respectively, through April 30, 2018. This arrangement may only be terminated prior to this date with the agreement of the Fund’s Board of Trustees. Under certain conditions, the Advisor may recapture operating expenses reimbursed under this agreement for a period of three years following the fiscal year in which such reimbursement occurred, if the recapture can be achieved within the expense limits in effect at the time of such reimbursement and any expense limits in place at the time of the recoupment.
Examples
These Examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the New Fund with the cost of investing in the Existing Fund, assuming the Reorganization is approved. The Examples assume that you invest $10,000 in each Fund for the time periods indicated, that your investment has a 5% return each year, and that each Fund's operating expenses remain the same. You would incur these hypothetical expenses whether or not you redeem your investment at the end of the given period. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions you would pay the following expenses:
Fund | 1 Year | 3 Years 1 | 5 Years 1 | 10 Years 1 |
Existing Fund – Class A Shares | $763 | $1,235 | $1,733 | $3,096 |
Existing Fund – Class I Shares | $174 | $624 | $1,101 | $2,419 |
| 1 Year | 3 Years1 | 5 Years1 | 10 Years1 |
New Fund – Class A Shares | $762 | $1,201 | $1,665 | $2,945 |
New Fund – Institutional Shares | $173 | $588 | $1,029 | $2,255 |
1 Assumes the Fund's operating expenses for the one-year period are calculated net of any fee waivers and/or expenses reimbursed, and the Fund's operating expenses for the three-year, five-year or ten-year periods, as applicable, do not reflect fee waivers and/or expenses reimbursed.
The Examples above should not be considered a representation of future expenses. Actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown.
Investment Objectives
This section will help you compare the investment objectives and principal investment strategies of the Existing Fund with those of the New Fund. This section also describes the key differences, if any, between the Funds. Please be aware that this is only a brief discussion. More complete information may be found in each Fund's prospectus.
Existing Fund
Investment Objective: The Fund seeks total return with less volatility than equity markets in general.
Principal Investment Strategies: The Fund's adviser seeks to achieve the Fund's investment objective by investing primarily in:
- dividend-paying common stocks, and
- by writing call options on common stocks and common stock indices.
The adviser selects common stocks of domestic and foreign issuers with market capitalizations of at least $2 billion that are traded on a U.S. stock exchange. The adviser combines (1) fundamental analysis, (2) technical analysis and (3) proprietary risk management techniques to seek total returns with less volatility than equity markets in general.
The adviser's fundamental process is driven by a return-on-capital framework that provides for quality comparisons of companies across industries, sectors and geography. The adviser uses historical price ranges and returns to determine exit points. The adviser uses several risk management techniques including tolerable-risk models, value-at-risk models and stop-loss procedures in order to manage portfolio risk. The adviser's tolerable-risk models focus on estimating possible losses, using historical losses measured over various time periods on a security-specific basis. The adviser's value-at-risk models focus on estimating the size of low-probability losses, by using historical losses measured over various time periods on a security-specific basis and on a portfolio level. The adviser's risk management goal is to avoid a security or group of securities with large loss estimates for a given probability of occurrence. Stop-loss procedures trigger an automatic sale when a security price drops to a pre-set level with the risk management goal of avoiding further losses. As a result of using risk management techniques, the adviser expects the Fund to have significantly lower volatility compared to the S&P 500 Index and other indices representative of the equity markets in general.
The adviser selects stocks that it believes will produce income from dividends and produce capital appreciation. Additionally, the Fund writes stock index and single stock options to generate income (although classified as a capital transaction for accounting and tax purposes) and to reduce exposure to stock market price declines, to the extent of the call option premium received. The adviser selects single-stock options that are typically covered calls, where the strike price and expiration month are determined by the adviser's fundamental process. The option is "covered" because the Fund owns the stock at the time it sells the option.
The adviser buys stocks and writes call options using the strategies described above. It sells stocks when a price target is reached, fundamentals have deteriorated or to adjust the Fund's asset allocation and risk profile. It covers (buys back) call options to adjust the Fund's risk profile. To help mitigate against a potential short or intermediate-term decline in the overall stock market, the Fund may purchase put options or engage in put option spread transactions (i.e. selling a put option at a lower strike price to offset the cost of a purchased put option) on broad-based indices (such as the S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400 or other indices) or ETFs that seek to replicate the returns of such indices.
The adviser may engage in frequent trading of the Fund’s portfolio in pursuing its strategy for the Fund.
New Fund
Investment Objective: The Fund seeks total return with less volatility than equity markets in general.
Principal Investment Strategies: The Fund's sub-adviser seeks to achieve the Fund's investment objective by investing primarily in:
• dividend-paying common stocks, and
• by writing call options on common stocks and common stock indices.
The sub-adviser selects common stocks of domestic and foreign issuers with market capitalizations of at least $2 billion that are traded on a U.S. stock exchange. The sub-adviser combines (1) fundamental analysis, (2) technical
analysis and (3) proprietary risk management techniques to seek total returns with less volatility than equity markets in general.
The sub-adviser's fundamental process is driven by a return-on-capital framework that provides for quality comparisons of companies across industries, sectors and geography. The sub-adviser uses historical price ranges and returns to determine exit points. The sub-adviser uses several risk management techniques including tolerable-risk models, value-at-risk models and stop-loss procedures in order to manage portfolio risk. The sub-adviser's tolerable-risk models focus on estimating possible losses, using historical losses measured over various time periods on a security-specific basis. The sub-adviser's value-at-risk models focus on estimating the size of low-probability losses, by using historical losses measured over various time periods on a security-specific basis and on a portfolio level. The sub-adviser's risk management goal is to avoid a security or group of securities with large loss estimates for a given probability of occurrence. Stop-loss procedures trigger an automatic sale when a security price drops to a pre-set level with the risk management goal of avoiding further losses. As a result of using risk management techniques, the sub-adviser expects the Fund to have significantly lower volatility compared to the S&P 500 Index and other indices representative of the equity markets in general.
The sub-adviser selects stocks that it believes will produce income from dividends and produce capital appreciation. Additionally, the Fund writes stock index and single stock options to generate income (although classified as a capital transaction for accounting and tax purposes) and to reduce exposure to stock market price declines, to the extent of the call option premium received. The sub-adviser selects single-stock options that are typically covered calls, where the strike price and expiration month are determined by the adviser's fundamental process. The option is "covered" because the Fund owns the stock at the time it sells the option.
The sub-adviser buys stocks and writes call options using the strategies described above. It sells stocks when a price target is reached, fundamentals have deteriorated or to adjust the Fund's asset allocation and risk profile. It covers (buys back) call options to adjust the Fund's risk profile. To help mitigate against a potential short or intermediate-term decline in the overall stock market, the Fund may purchase put options or engage in put option spread transactions (i.e. selling a put option at a lower strike price to offset the cost of a purchased put option) on broad-based indices (such as the S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400 or other indices) or ETFs that seek to replicate the returns of such indices.
The sub-adviser may engage in frequent trading of the Fund’s portfolio in pursuing its strategy for the Fund.
How the Funds Compare
Investment Objectives: The investment objective of the Existing Fund and the New Fund is identical.
Principal Investment Strategies: The principal investment strategies of the Existing Fund and the New Fund are identical
For a discussion of the risks of investing in the Existing Fund and the New Fund, please see PRINCIPAL RISKS in this Proxy Statement.
The Fund's Performance
If the Reorganization is approved by shareholders, the New Fund will assume the performance history of the Existing Fund.
Investment Limitations
This section will help you compare the fundamental and non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions of the Existing Fund and the New Fund.
Fundamental Investment Limitations
Listed below are the fundamental investment limitations adopted by each of the Funds. The fundamental investment limitations for the Existing Fund and the Fund are identical. These limitations cannot be changed without the consent of the holders of a majority of each Fund's outstanding shares. The term "majority of the outstanding shares" means the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Fund's shares present at a meeting, if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Fund's outstanding shares, whichever is less.
The Existing Fund and the New Fund have each adopted the following fundamental investment limitations:
1. Borrowing Money
The Fund will not borrow money, except: (a) from a bank, provided that immediately after such borrowing there is an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings of the Fund; or (b) from a bank or other persons for temporary purposes only, provided that such temporary borrowings are in an amount not exceeding 5% of the Fund’s total assets at the time when the borrowing is made.
2. Issuing Senior Securities.
The Fund will not issue senior securities except as described in this paragraph. This limitation is not applicable to activities that may be deemed to involve the issuance or sale of a senior security by the Fund, provided that the Fund’s engagement in such activities is consistent with or permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or interpretations of the SEC or its staff.
3. Loans.
The Fund will not make loans to other persons, except: (a) by loaning portfolio securities; (b) by engaging in repurchase agreements; or (c) by purchasing nonpublicly offered debt securities. For purposes of this limitation, the term “loans” shall not include the purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly distributed bonds, debentures or other securities.
4. Concentration by Industry.
The Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in a particular industry or group of industries. This limitation is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto.
5. Underwriting
The Fund will not act as underwriter of securities issued by other persons. This limitation is not applicable to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities (including restricted securities), the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under certain federal securities laws.
6. Real Estate
The Fund will not purchase or sell real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in marketable securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts).
7. Commodities
The Fund will not purchase or sell commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from purchasing or selling options or futures contracts, from investing in securities or other instruments backed by commodities or from investing in companies which are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities.
Non-Fundamental Investment Limitations
The following investment limitations are non-fundamental investment limitations of the Funds. The non-fundamental policies for the Existing Fund and the New Fund are identical. Non-fundamental limitations may be changed at any time by each Fund's Board of Trustees. Shareholders are notified before any material change in these limitations becomes effective.
The Existing Fund and the New Fund have each adopted the following non-fundamental investment limitations:
1. Pledging
The Fund will not mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any assets of the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings (a) from a bank, provided that immediately after such borrowing there is an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings of the Fund; or (b) from a bank or other persons for temporary purposes only, provided that such temporary borrowings are in an amount not exceeding 5% of the Fund’s total assets at the time when the borrowing is made. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation.
The Fund will not purchase any security while borrowings representing more than one third of its total assets are outstanding.
The Fund will not purchase securities or evidences of interest thereon on “margin.” This limitation is not applicable to short-term credit obtained by the Fund for the clearance of purchases and sales or redemption of securities, or to arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investment techniques.
3. Illiquid Investments
The Fund will not hold 15% or more of its net assets in securities for which there are legal or contractual restrictions on resale and other illiquid securities.
The Funds' Purchase, Exchange and Redemption Procedures
As each of the Existing Fund and the New Fund employ the same transfer agent, each Fund's purchase, exchange, redemption procedures and policies regarding valuation, frequent trading and dividends are substantially similar. The Funds'These procedures, as well as other features related to investing in the Fund, are summarized below. A more complete description of the Existing Fund's procedures can be found in the Prospectus for the Existing Fund.
Share Classes
The Existing Fund offers two classes of shares: Class A and Class I. The New Fund offers three classes of shares: Class A, Class C and Institutional Class shares.
As discussed above under Fees and Expenses, Existing Fund Class A shares and New Fund Class A shares are subject to a maximum initial sales charge of 5.75%. The Class I shares of the Existing Fund and the New Fund are offered without an initial sales charge. For the Existing Fund, the minimum initial investment in Class A shares is $5,000 for regular accounts and $2,500 for retirement accounts. The minimum initial investment in Class I shares is $100,000. The minimum subsequent investment for both account types is $500. For the New Fund, the minimum initial purchase for
the Fund’s Class A and Institutional Shares is $1,000. For Class A, the minimum subsequent investment is $50; for Institutional Shares, the minimum subsequent investment is $500.
Pricing Fund Shares
Each Fund's share price (also called "NAV") and offering price (NAV plus a sales charge, if applicable) is determined as of the close of trading (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) every day the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open. Each Fund calculates its NAV per share, generally using market prices, by dividing the total value of its net assets by the number of shares outstanding. Shares are purchased or sold at the next offering price determined after purchase or sale orders are received in proper form by the Fund or its authorized agents.
Existing Fund
The net asset value ("NAV") and offering price (NAV plus any applicable sales charges) of each class of shares is determined as of the close of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on each day the NYSE is open for business. NAV is computed by determining, on a per class basis, the aggregate market value of all assets of the Fund, less its liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding ((assets-liabilities)/number of shares = NAV). The NYSE is closed on weekends and New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The NAV takes into account, on a per class basis, the expenses and fees of the Fund, including management, administration, and distribution fees, which are accrued daily. The determination of NAV for a share class for a particular day is applicable to all applications for the purchase of shares, as well as all requests for the redemption of shares, received by the Fund (or an authorized broker or agent, or its authorized designee) before the close of trading on the NYSE on that day.
Generally, the Fund's securities are valued each day at the last quoted sales price on each security's primary exchange. Securities traded or dealt in upon one or more securities exchanges (whether domestic or foreign) for which market quotations are readily available and not subject to restrictions against resale shall be valued at the last quoted sales price on the primary exchange or, in the absence of a sale on the primary exchange, at the mean between the current bid and ask prices on such exchange. Securities primarily traded in the National Association of Securities Dealers' Automated Quotation System ("NASDAQ") National Market System for which market quotations are readily available shall be valued using the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. If market quotations are not readily available, securities will be valued at their fair market value as determined using the “fair value” procedures approved by the Board. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may be materially different from the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available. The Board has delegated execution of these procedures to a fair value team composed of one or more representatives from each of the (i) Trust, (ii) administrator, and (iii) adviser. The team may also enlist third party consultants such as an audit firm or financial officer of a security issuer on an as-needed basis to assist in determining a security-specific fair value. The Board reviews and ratifies the execution of this process and the resultant fair value prices at least quarterly to assure the process produces reliable results.
The Fund may use independent pricing services to assist in calculating the value of the Fund's securities. In addition, market prices for foreign securities are not determined at the same time of day as the NAV for the Fund. Because the Fund may invest in underlying ETFs which hold portfolio securities primarily listed on foreign exchanges, and these exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the underlying ETFs do not price their shares, the value of some of the Fund's portfolio securities may change on days when you may not be able to buy or sell Fund shares. In computing the NAV, the Fund values foreign securities held by the Fund at the latest closing price on the exchange in which they are traded immediately prior to closing of the NYSE. Prices of foreign securities quoted in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at current rates. If events materially affecting the value of a security in the Fund's portfolio, particularly foreign securities, occur after the close of trading on a foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares, the security will be valued at fair value. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, the adviser may need to price the security using the Fund's fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short-term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long-term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund's portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short-term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund's NAV by short-term traders. The determination of fair value involves subjective judgments. As a result, using fair value to price a security
may result in a price materially different from the prices used by other mutual funds to determine net asset value, or from the price that may be realized upon the actual sale of the security.
With respect to any portion of the Fund's assets that are invested in one or more open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, the Fund's net asset value is calculated based upon the net asset values of those open-end management investment companies, and the prospectuses for these companies explain the circumstances under which those companies will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
New Fund
The Fund calculates its net asset value (“NAV”) per share as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE every day the NYSE is open. The NYSE normally closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (“EST”). The Fund’s NAV is calculated by taking the total value of the Fund’s assets, subtracting its liabilities, and then dividing by the total number of shares outstanding, rounded to the nearest cent.
All shares will be purchased at the NAV per share (plus applicable sales charges, if any) next determined after the Fund receives your application or request in good order. All requests received in good order by the Fund before 4:00 p.m. (EST) will be processed on that same day. Requests received after 4:00 p.m. EST will be processed on the next business day.
The Fund’s assets are generally valued at their market value. If market prices are not available or, in the Advisor’s opinion, market prices do not reflect fair value, or if an event occurs after the close of trading on the domestic exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (but prior to the time the NAV is calculated) that materially affects fair value, the Advisor will value the Fund’s assets at their fair value according to policies approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees. For example, if trading in a portfolio security is halted and does not resume before the Fund calculates its NAV, the Advisor may need to price the security using the Fund’s fair value pricing guidelines. In these cases, the Fund’s NAV will reflect certain portfolio securities' fair value rather than their market price. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security. The fair value prices can differ from market prices when they become available or when a price becomes available. If a security, such as a small cap security, is so thinly traded that reliable market quotations are unavailable, the Advisor may need to price the security using fair value pricing guidelines. Without a fair value price, short term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long term investors. Fair valuation of the Fund’s portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund’s NAV by short term traders. The Fund may use pricing services to determine market value. The Fund’s NAV is calculated based upon the NAV of the underlying investment companies in its portfolio, and the prospectuses of those companies explain the circumstances under which they will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
Purchase Procedures.
Each Fund prices direct purchases with the transfer agent based upon the next determined offering price (net asset value plus applicable sales load) or net asset value after your order is received. Direct purchase orders received by the Existing Fund and the New Fund by the close of the regular session of trading on the NYSE, generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, are effected at that day's public offering price or NAV.
Both the Existing Fund and the New Fund have authorized certain broker-dealers and other financial institutions (including their designated intermediaries) to accept on their behalf purchase and sell orders. Purchase orders received by broker-dealers before the close of trading of the regular session on the NYSE, and transmitted to the Existing Fund and the New Fund, that day are effected at that day's public offering price or NAV. It is the responsibility of each Fund's distributor's authorized agents to transmit orders that will be received by the distributor in proper form and in a timely manner.
Automatic Investment Plan. Both the Existing Fund and the New Fund permit you to make automatic monthly investments in the Funds from your bank, savings and loan or other depository institution. The Existing Fund allows
minimum investments of $25 under its automatic investment plan. The New Fund allows minimum investments of $50 under its automatic investment plan.
Sales Charges.
The Existing Fund charges a sales load on the purchase of Class A shares. The sales load is paid to the respective distributor for each fund, Northern Lights Distributors LLC, which may pay a commission to the dealer of record on your account. The front-end sales load varies depending on the amount of the investment.
The following table illustrates the sales load breakpoints for the purchase of shares of the Existing Fund:
Existing Fund Class A Shares – Front-End Sales Charge |
Amount of Single Transaction | Sales Charge as a % of Offering Price | Sales Charge as a % of Amount Invested | Dealer Reallowance* |
Under $25,000 | 5.75% | 6.10% | 5.00% |
$25,000 to $49,999 | 5.00% | 5.26% | 4.25% |
$50,000 to $99,999 | 4.75% | 4.99% | 4.00% |
$100,000 to $249,999 | 3.75% | 3.83% | 3.25% |
$250,000 to $499,999 | 2.50% | 2.56% | 2.00% |
$500,000 to $999,999 | 2.00% | 2.04% | 1.75% |
$1,000,000 and above | 1.00% | 1.01% | 1.00% |
The New Fund charges a sales load on the purchase of Class A shares. The sales load is paid to the distributor for each fund, Northern Lights Distributors LLC, which may pay a commission to the dealer of record on your account. The front-end sales load varies depending on the amount of the investment.
The following table illustrates the sales load breakpoints for the purchase of shares of the New Fund:
New Fund Class A Shares – Front-End Sales Charge |
Amount of Single Transaction | Sales Charge as a % of Offering Price | Sales Charge as a % of Amount Invested | Dealer Reallowance |
Less than $50,000 | 5.75% | 6.10% | 5.00% |
$50,000 but less than $100,000 | 4.25% | 4.44% | 3.50% |
$100,000 but less than $250,000 | 3.75% | 3.83% | 3.00% |
$250,000 but less than $500,000 | 2.50% | 2.56% | 2.00% |
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000 | 2.00% | 2.04% | 1.50% |
$1,000,000 and above* | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
* A contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% of the redemption amount applies to Class A Shares redeemed up to 24 months after purchase under certain investment programs where an investment professional received an advance payment on the transaction.
Comparison: The front-end sales charges of the Existing Fund and the New Fund are similar. Single transactions of less than $25,000 pay the same front-end sales charge amounts. Single transactions of $25,000 up to $49,999 pay 0.75% more in front-end sales charges for the New Fund than the Existing Fund. Single transactions of $50,000 up to $99,999 pay the same front-end sales charge amounts. Single transactions of $100,000 up to $249,999 pay 0.50% more in front-end sales charges for the New Fund than the Existing Fund. Single transactions of $250,000 up to $999,999 pay 0.50% more in front-end sales charges for the New Fund than the Existing Fund. Single transactions of $1,000,000 or more pay 1.00% more in front-end sales charges for the Existing Fund than the New Fund.
Purchases of Class A Shares at a Reduced Sales Load. You also may purchase Class A Shares of the Existing Fund and Class A shares of the New Fund at the reduced sales charges shown in the tables above through the Rights of Accumulation Program or by signing a Letter of Intent.
Existing Fund
You may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at a reduced sales charge. To qualify for these reductions, you must notify the Fund's distributor, Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the "distributor"), in writing and supply your account number at the time of purchase. You may combine your purchase with those of your "immediate family" (your spouse and your children under the age of 21) for purposes of determining eligibility. If applicable, you will need to provide the account numbers of your spouse and your minor children as well as the ages of your minor children.
Rights of accumulation: To qualify for the lower sales charge rates that apply to larger purchases of Class A shares, you may combine your new purchases of Class A shares with Class A shares of the Fund that you already own. The applicable initial sales charge for the new purchase is based on the total of your current purchase and the current value of all other Class A shares that you own. The reduced sales charge will apply only to current purchases and must be requested in writing when you buy your shares.
Shares of the Fund held as follows cannot be combined with your current purchase for purposes of reduced sales charges:
| · | Shares held indirectly through financial intermediaries other than your current purchase broker-dealer (for example, a different broker-dealer, a bank, a separate insurance company account or an investment advisor); |
| · | Shares held through an administrator or trustee/custodian of an Employer Sponsored Retirement Plan (for example, a 401(k) plan) other than employer-sponsored IRAs; |
| · | Shares held directly in the Fund account on which the broker-dealer (financial advisor) of record is different from your current purchase broker-dealer. |
Letters of Intent: Under a Letter of Intent ("LOI"), you commit to purchase a specified dollar amount of Class A shares of the Fund, with a minimum of $50,000, during a 13-month period. At your written request, Class A shares purchases made during the previous 90 days may be included. The amount you agree to purchase determines the initial sales charge you pay. If the full-face amount of the LOI is not invested by the end of the 13-month period, your account will be adjusted to the higher initial sales charge level for the amount actually invested. You are not legally bound by the terms of your LOI to purchase the amount of your shares stated in the LOI. The LOI does, however, authorize the Fund to hold in escrow 5% of the total amount you intend to purchase. If you do not complete the total intended purchase at the end of the 13-month period, the Fund's transfer agent will redeem the necessary portion of the escrowed shares to make up the difference between the reduced rate sales charge (based on the amount you intended to purchase) and the sales charge that would normally apply (based on the actual amount you purchased).
New Fund
Reduced sales charges are available to shareholders with investments of $50,000 or more. In addition, you may qualify for reduced sales charges under the following circumstances.
Letter of Intent: An investor may qualify for a reduced sales charge immediately by stating his or her intention to invest in one or more of the Funds, during a 13-month period, an amount that would qualify for a reduced sales charge and by signing a Letter of Intent, which may be signed at any time within 90 days after the first investment to be included under the Letter of Intent. However, if an investor does not buy enough shares to qualify for the lower sales charge by the end of the 13-month period (or when you sell your shares, if earlier), the additional shares that were purchased due to the reduced sales charge credit the investor received will be liquidated to pay the additional sales charge owed.
Rights of Accumulation: You may add the current value of all of your existing Fund shares to determine the front-end sales charge to be applied to your current Class A purchase. Only balances currently held entirely at the Fund or, if held in an account through a financial services firm, at the same firm through whom you are making your current purchase, will be eligible to be added to your current purchase for purposes of determining your Class A sales charge. You may
include the value of the Fund’s investments held by the members of your immediately family, including the value of Fund’s investments held by you or them in individual retirement plans, such as individual retirement accounts, or IRAs, provided such balances are also currently held entirely at the Fund or, if held in an account through a financial services firm, at the same financial services firm through whom you are making your current purchase. The value of shares eligible for a cumulative quantity discount equals the cumulative cost of the shares purchased (not including reinvested dividends) or the current account market value; whichever is greater. The current market value of the shares is determined by multiplying the number of shares by the previous day’s NAV. If you believe there are cumulative quantity discount eligible shares that can be combined with your current purchase to achieve a sales charge breakpoint, you must, at the time of your purchase (including at the time of any future purchase) specifically identify those shares to your current purchase broker-dealer.
Comparison: The means of reducing front-end sales charge for the Existing Fund and the New Fund are substantially similar.
Waiver of Front-End Sales Charge. The Existing Fund and the New Fund do not impose a front-end sales load on the following types of purchases or purchases by the following types of investors.
Existing Fund
The sales charge on purchases of Class A shares is waived for certain types of investors, including:
- Current and retired directors and officers of the Fund sponsored by the adviser or any of its subsidiaries, their families (e.g., spouse, children, mother or father) and any purchases referred through the adviser.
- Employees of the adviser and their families, or any full-time employee or registered representative of the distributor or of broker-dealers having dealer agreements with the distributor (a "Selling Broker") and their immediate families (or any trust, pension, profit sharing or other benefit plan for the benefit of such persons).
- Any full-time employee of a bank, savings and loan, credit union or other financial institution that utilizes a Selling Broker to clear purchases of the fund's shares and their immediate families.
- Participants in certain "wrap-fee" or asset allocation programs or other fee-based arrangements sponsored by broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
- Clients of financial intermediaries that have entered into arrangements with the distributor providing for the shares to be used in particular investment products made available to such clients and for which such registered investment advisors may charge a separate fee.
- Institutional investors (which may include bank trust departments and registered investment advisors).
- Any accounts established on behalf of registered investment advisors or their clients by broker-dealers that charge a transaction fee and that have entered into agreements with the distributor.
- Separate accounts used to fund certain unregistered variable annuity contracts or Section 403(b) or 401(a) or (k) accounts.
- Employer-sponsored retirement or benefit plans with total plan assets in excess of $5 million where the plan's investments in the Fund are part of an omnibus account. A minimum initial investment of $1 million in the Fund is required. The distributor in its sole discretion may waive these minimum dollar requirements.
The Fund does not waive sales charges for the reinvestment of proceeds from the sale of shares of a different fund where those shares were subject to a front-end sales charge (sometimes called an "NAV transfer").
If you have redeemed Class A shares of the Fund within the past 120 days, you may repurchase an equivalent amount of Class A shares of the Fund at NAV, without the normal front-end sales charge. In effect, this allows you to reacquire shares that you may have had to redeem, without repaying the front-end sales charge. You may exercise this privilege only once and must notify the Fund that you intend to do so in writing. The Fund must receive your purchase order within 120 days of your redemption. Note that if you reacquire shares through separate installments (e.g., through monthly or quarterly repurchases), the sales charge waiver will only apply to those portions of your repurchase order received within 120 days of your redemption
New Fund
Class A Sales Charge Waivers: The Fund may sell Class A shares at NAV (i.e. without the investor paying any initial sales charge) to certain categories of investors, including: (1) investment advisory clients or investors referred by the Funds’ Advisor or its affiliates; (2) officers and present or former Trustees of the Trust; directors and employees of selected dealers or agents; the spouse, sibling, direct ancestor or direct descendant (collectively “relatives”) of any such person; any trust, individual retirement account or retirement plan account for the benefit of any such person or relative; or the estate of any such person or relative; if such shares are purchased for investment purposes (such shares may not be resold except to the Fund); (3) the Fund’s Advisor or its affiliates and certain employee benefit plans for employees of the Fund’s investment; (4) authorized retirement plans serviced or sponsored by financial intermediaries, provided that such financial intermediary has entered into an agreement with the Fund or distributor with respect to such purchases at NAV; (5) fee-based financial planners and registered investment advisors who are purchasing on behalf of their clients where there is an agreement in place with respect to such purchases; (6) registered representatives of broker-dealers who have entered into selling agreements with the Fund’s Advisor for their own accounts; (7) participants in no-transaction-fee programs of broker dealers that that have entered into an agreement with respect to such purchases; and (8) financial intermediaries who have entered into an agreement with the Fund’s distributor to offer shares to self-directed investment brokerage accounts that may or may not charge a transaction fee to its customers.
Comparison: The policies regarding the waiver of front-end sales charges the Existing Fund and the New Fund are substantially similar. The Existing Fund allows shareholders to repurchase an amount of Class A shares of the Fund at NAV, without the normal front-end sales charge, equivalent to the amount of Class A shares that they have redeemed within the past 120 days. The New Fund has no such policy.
Exchange Privilege.
Existing Fund: The Existing Fund does not allow shareholders to exchange their Existing Fund shares for shares of another mutual fund.
New Fund: On any business day when the NYSE is open, you may exchange Shares of the Fund for the same class of Shares of any other Rational Fund offering such shares, including for shares of other Rational Funds offered in other prospectuses.
In order to exchange Shares of the Fund on a particular day, the Fund or its designated agent must receive your request before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) that day.
The Trust may terminate or modify the exchange privilege at any time. In the case of termination or material changes other than the elimination of applicable sales charges, you will be given 60 days prior notice. However, the Fund’s management or Advisor may determine from the amount, frequency and pattern of exchanges that a shareholder is engaged in excessive trading that is detrimental to the Fund and other shareholders. If this occurs, the Fund may terminate the availability of exchanges to that shareholder and may bar that shareholder from purchasing other Funds. (See “Frequent Trading Policies”)
An exchange is treated as a sale for federal income tax purposes and, depending on the circumstances, you may realize a short or long-term capital gain or loss. In addition, if you exchange shares of the Fund that imposes a sales charge into
another Fund that imposes such a charge, there may be special tax consequences.
Exchanging Class A Shares
For Class A Shares, the Trust makes exchanges at NAV (determined after the order is considered received), plus any applicable sales charges.
Exchanging C Shares
Class C Shares for a Fund may be exchanged for Class C Shares of any other Fund offering such shares. The Trust makes exchanges at NAV (determined after the order is considered received), without a sales charge.
Exchanging Institutional Shares
For Institutional Shares, the Trust makes exchanges at NAV (determined after the order is considered received) without a sales charge.
Comparison: The policies regarding the exchange privileges of the Existing Fund and the New Fund are not substantially similar. The Existing Fund does not have a policy providing for exchanging shares of the Fund for shares of another mutual fund while the New Fund’s exchange policy permit shareholders to exchange Shares of the Fund for the same class of Shares of any other Rational Fund offering such shares.
Contingent Deferred Sales Charges
Existing Fund
The Existing Fund does not have a contingent deferred sales charge.
New Fund
For the New Fund, in the case of investments at or above the $1 million breakpoint (where you do not pay an initial sales charge), a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% of the redemption amount applies to Class A Shares redeemed up to 24 months after purchase under certain investment programs where an investment professional received an advance payment on the transaction.
Comparison: The policies regarding contingent deferred sales charges for the Existing Fund and the New Fund are not substantially similar. The Existing Fund does not have a contingent deferred sales charge. In the case of investments at or above the $1 million breakpoint (where you do not pay an initial sales charge), the New Fund charges a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.00% on Class A Shares redeemed up to 24 months after purchase under certain investment programs where an investment professional received an advance payment on the transaction.
Redemption Procedures
You may sell some or all of your shares on any day that the Fund calculates its NAV. If your request is received by the Fund's distributor, or its authorized agent, in proper form by the close of regular trading on the NYSE, you will receive a price based on that day's NAV for the shares you sell, minus any applicable CDSC. Orders received after the close of trading on the NYSE will be based on the next calculated NAV. Each Fund permits redemptions directly by mail, phone, systematic withdrawal plan and indirectly through a shareholder's nominee such as a broker-dealer or financial institution or financial adviser. Proceeds may be paid by check or by wire transfer. The Existing Fund charges a $15 fee per wire transfer. The New Fund does not charge a fee per wire transfer.
The Existing Fund and the New Fund do not intend to redeem shares in any form except cash. The Existing Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption or repurchase orders made by a shareholder during any 90-day period by making payment in whole or in part in portfolio securities ("redemption in kind") if the amount of such a request is large enough to affect operations (if the request is greater than the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the Existing Fund's net assets at the beginning of the 90-day period). The securities will be chosen by the Existing Fund and valued using the same procedures as used in calculating the Existing Fund's NAV. A shareholder may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash.
The New Fund reserves the right to honor requests for redemption orders by making payment in whole or in part in readily marketable securities (“redemption in kind”) if the amount is greater than the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the Fund’s assets. The securities will be chosen by the New Fund and valued under the New Fund’s NAV procedures. A shareholder will be exposed to market risk until these securities are converted to cash and may incur transaction expenses in converting these securities to cash. However, the MFVIT Board of Trustees has determined that, until otherwise approved by the Board, all redemptions in the New Fund be made in cash only. If the MFVIT Board determines to allow the New Fund to redeem in kind in the future, the New Fund will provide shareholders with notice of such change to the redemption policy.
Low Balances: If at any time your Class A or Class I account balance falls below $2,500, the Existing Fund may notify you that, unless the account is brought up to at least $2,500 within 30 days of the notice, your account could be closed. After the notice period, the Existing Fund may redeem all of your shares and close your account by sending you a check to the address of record. Your account will not be closed if the account balance drops below required minimums due to a decline in NAV. The Existing Fund will not charge any redemption fee on involuntary redemptions.
The New Fund may require you to redeem all of your shares in the New Fund on 30 days written notice if the value of your shares in the New Fund is less than $2,500 due to redemption, or such other minimum amount as the New Fund may determine from time to time. You may increase the value of your shares in the New Fund to the minimum amount within the 30-day period. The New Fund will not charge any redemption fee on involuntary redemptions.
Distribution Arrangements
Pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, both the Existing Fund and the New Fund have adopted plans (each a "Plan") of distribution pursuant to which each Fund may directly incur or reimburse the its distributor for certain expenses and fees related to the distribution and sale of its shares and for services provided to shareholders, including:
· payments to securities dealers and other persons, including the Fund's distributor and its affiliates, who are engaged in the sale of shares of the Fund and who may be advising investors regarding the purchase, sale or retention of Fund shares; |
· expenses of maintaining personnel who engage in or support distribution of shares or who render shareholder support services not otherwise provided by the Fund; |
· expenses of formulating and implementing marketing and promotional activities, including direct mail promotions and mass media advertising; |
· expenses of preparing, printing and distributing sales literature and prospectuses and statements of additional information and reports for recipients other than existing shareholders of the Fund; |
· expenses of obtaining such information, analyses and reports with respect to marketing and promotional activities as the Fund may, from time to time, deem advisable; and |
|
Under the Plan adopted by Existing Fund, the Fund may pay 0.25% of the Existing Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares. The Existing Fund has not adopted the Plan for Class I shares. Under the Plan adopted by the New Fund, the New Fund may pay 0.25% of the New Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares. The New Fund has not adopted the Plan for Institutional Class shares.
Shareholder Services Plan
MFVIT has adopted a Shareholder Servicing Plan with respect to the New Fund’s Class A and Institutional Share Classes. The New Fund may pay Shareholder Services Fees up to 0.25% of the average daily NAV of Class A Shares and Institutional Shares to financial intermediaries for providing shareholder assistance, maintaining shareholder accounts and communicating or facilitating purchases and redemptions of New Fund shares.
The Existing Fund does not have a Shareholder Servicing Plan.
Frequent Trading Policy
Existing Fund
The Existing Fund discourages and does not accommodate market timing. Frequent trading into and out of the Existing Fund can harm all Fund shareholders by disrupting the Existing Fund's investment strategies, increasing the Existing Fund’s expenses, decreasing tax efficiency and diluting the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. The Existing Fund is designed for long-term investors and is not intended for market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Accordingly, the Existing Fund's Board has approved policies that seek to curb these disruptive activities while recognizing that shareholders may have a legitimate need to adjust their Fund investments as their financial needs or circumstances change. The Existing Fund currently uses several methods to reduce the risk of market timing. These methods include:
- Committing staff to review, on a continuing basis, recent trading activity in order to identify trading activity that may be contrary to the Existing Fund's "Market Timing Trading Policy";
- Rejecting or limiting specific purchase requests; and
- Rejecting purchase requests from certain investors.
Though these methods involve judgments that are inherently subjective and involve some selectivity in their application, the Existing Fund seeks to make judgments and applications that are consistent with the interests of the Existing Fund's shareholders.
Based on the frequency of redemptions in your account, the adviser or transfer agent may in its sole discretion determine that your trading activity is detrimental to the Fund as described in the Existing Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy and elect to reject or limit the amount, number, frequency or method for requesting future purchases or exchanges into the Existing Fund.
The Existing Fund reserves the right to reject or restrict purchase requests for any reason, particularly when the shareholder's trading activity suggests that the shareholder may be engaged in market timing or other disruptive trading activities. Neither the Existing Fund nor the adviser will be liable for any losses resulting from rejected purchase orders. The adviser may also bar an investor who has violated these policies (and the investor's financial advisor) from opening new accounts with the Existing Fund.
Although the Existing Fund attempts to limit disruptive trading activities, some investors use a variety of strategies to hide their identities and their trading practices. There can be no guarantee that the Existing Fund will be able to identify or limit these activities. Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Existing Fund. While the Existing Fund will encourage financial intermediaries to apply the Existing Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers who invest indirectly in the Existing Fund, the Existing Fund is limited in its ability to monitor the trading activity or enforce the Existing Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy with respect to customers of financial intermediaries. For example, should it occur, the Existing Fund may not be able to detect market timing that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries or made difficult to identify in the omnibus accounts used by those intermediaries for aggregated purchases, exchanges and redemptions on behalf of all their customers. More specifically, unless the financial intermediaries have the ability to apply the Existing Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy to their customers through such methods as implementing short-term trading limitations or restrictions and monitoring trading activity for what might be market timing, the Existing Fund may not be able to determine whether trading by customers of financial intermediaries is contrary to the Existing Fund's Market Timing Trading Policy. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the Existing Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker to the Existing Fund upon request. If the Existing Fund or its transfer agent or shareholder servicing agent suspects there is market timing activity in the account, the Existing Fund will seek full cooperation from the service provider maintaining
the account to identify the underlying participant. At the request of the adviser, the service providers may take immediate action to stop any further short-term trading by such participants.
New Fund
The New Fund also discourages market timing. Market timing is an investment strategy using frequent purchases, redemptions and/or exchanges in an attempt to profit from short term market movements. To the extent that the New Fund significantly invests in small or mid-capitalization equity securities, because these securities are often infrequently traded, investors may seek to trade New Fund shares in an effort to benefit from their understanding of the value of these securities (referred to as price arbitrage). Market timing may result in dilution of the value of New Fund shares held by long term shareholders, disrupt portfolio management and increase New Fund expenses for all shareholders. The New Fund’s Board of Trustees has adopted a policy directing the New Fund to reject any purchase order with respect to one investor, a related group of investors or their agent(s), where it detects a pattern of purchases and sales of the New Fund that indicates market timing or trading that it determines is abusive. This policy applies uniformly to all New Fund shareholders. While the New Fund attempts to deter market timing, there is no assurance that it will be able to identify and eliminate all market timers. For example, certain accounts called “omnibus accounts” include multiple shareholders. Omnibus accounts typically provide the New Fund with a net purchase or redemption request on any given day where purchasers of New Fund shares and redeemers of New Fund shares are netted against one another and the identities of individual purchasers and redeemers whose orders are aggregated are not known by the New Fund. The netting effect often makes it more difficult for the New Fund to detect market timing, and there can be no assurance that the New Fund will be able to do so. Brokers maintaining omnibus accounts with the New Fund have agreed to provide shareholder transaction information to the extent known to the broker, to the New Fund upon request. If the New Fund becomes aware of market timing in an omnibus account, it will work with the broker maintaining the omnibus account to identify the shareholder engaging in the market timing activity. In addition, the New Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order for any reason, including purchase orders that it does not think are in the best interest of the New Fund or its shareholders or if the New Fund thinks that trading is abusive.
Dividend Policies
Existing Fund
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income quarterly and net capital gains annually in December. Both distributions will be reinvested in shares of the Fund unless you elect to receive cash. Dividends from net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) are taxable to investors as ordinary income, while distributions of net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) are generally taxable as long-term capital gain, regardless of your holding period for the shares. Any dividends or capital gain distributions you receive from the Fund will normally be taxable to you when made, regardless of whether you reinvest dividends or capital gain distributions or receive them in cash. Certain dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December will be taxed to shareholders as if received in December if they are paid during the following January. Each year the Fund will inform you of the amount and type of your distributions. IRAs and other qualified retirement plans are exempt from federal income taxation until retirement proceeds are paid out to the participant.
New Fund
The Fund typically distributes substantially all of its net investment income in the form of dividends and taxable capital gains to its shareholders. These distributions are automatically reinvested in the Fund unless you request cash distributions on your application or through a written request to the Fund. The Fund expects that its distributions will consist of both capital gains and dividend income. The Fund may make distributions of its net realized capital gains (after any reductions for capital loss carry forwards) annually.
Comparison
The dividend policies for the Existing and New Fund are materially similar.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Funds
The Existing Fund and the New Fund are subject to identical investment risks.
Type of Risk | Existing Fund | New Fund |
Exchange Traded Fund Risk | ü | ü |
Foreign Investment Risk | ü | ü |
Leveraging Risk | ü | ü |
Management Risk | ü | ü |
Market Risk | ü | ü |
Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk | ü | ü |
Portfolio Turnover Risk | ü | ü |
Option Risk | ü | ü |
Explanation of Risks
Exchange Traded Fund (“ETF”) Risk . ETFs in which the Fund invests are subject to investment advisory and other expenses, which will be indirectly paid by the Fund. As a result, the cost of investing in the Fund will be higher than the cost of investing directly in ETFs and may be higher than other mutual funds that invest directly in stocks and bonds. Each ETF is subject to its own specific risks, but the sub-adviser expects the principal investments risks of such ETF will be similar to the risks of investing in the Fund. The market value of ETF shares may differ from their net asset value. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for fund shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying basket of securities. Accordingly, there may be times when shares trade at a premium or discount to net asset value.
Foreign Investment Risk. Investing in stocks of foreign issuers involves risks not typically associated with U.S. investments, including adverse fluctuations in foreign currency values, adverse political, social and economic developments, less liquidity, greater volatility, less developed or less efficient trading markets, political instability and differing auditing and legal standards. Currency market risk results from the price movement of foreign currency values in response to shifting market supply and demand. Country risk arises because virtually every country has interfered with international transactions in its currency. Restrictions on the exchange market or on international transactions are intended to affect the level or movement of the exchange rate.
Leveraging Risk. The use of leverage embedded in written options will limit the Fund's gains. The percentage change in an option's price is highly sensitive to the price on the underlying stock or index, which will magnify the Fund's losses when compared to option premium received.
Management Risk. The net asset value of the Fund changes daily based on the performance of the stocks and call options in which it invests. The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective is directly related to the adviser's allocation of the Fund's assets using its stock selection, call writing and risk management strategies. The adviser's objective judgments, based on investment strategy, about the attractiveness and potential appreciation or depreciation of particular investments in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that the adviser's investment strategy will produce the desired results.
Market Risk. The net asset value of the Fund will fluctuate based on changes in the value of the stocks and call options in which the Fund invests. The Fund invests in stocks that may be more volatile and carry more risk than some other
forms of investment. The price of securities may rise or fall because of economic or political changes. Security prices in general may decline over short or even extended periods of time. Market prices of securities in broad market segments may be adversely affected by a prominent issuer having experienced losses, lack of earnings, failure to meet the market's expectations with respect to new products or services, or even by factors wholly unrelated to the value or condition of the issuer, such as changes in interest rates.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stock Risk. The value of small and medium capitalization company stocks may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than those of larger, more established companies or the market in general. These companies may have narrower markets, limited product lines, fewer financial resources, and they may be dependent on a limited management group. Investing in lesser-known, small and medium capitalization companies involves greater risk of volatility of the Fund's net asset value than is customarily associated with larger, more established companies. Often small and medium capitalization companies and the industries in which they are focused are still evolving and, while this may offer better growth potential than larger, more established companies, it also may make them more sensitive to changing market conditions.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. A higher portfolio turnover may result in higher transactional and brokerage costs associated with the turnover which may reduce the Fund’s return, unless the securities traded can be bought and sold without corresponding commission costs. Active trading of securities may also increase the Fund’s realized capital gains or losses, which may affect the taxes you pay as a Fund shareholder.
Option Risk. Selling covered call or stock index options will limit the Fund's gain, if any, on its underlying securities. Losses on stock index options may only be partially offset by gains in the Fund's portfolio if the portfolio's value does not track the call-related stock index. The Fund continues to bear the risk of a decline in the value of its underlying stocks. Option premiums are treated as short-term capital gains and when distributed to shareholders, are usually taxable as ordinary income, which may have a higher tax rate than long-term capital gains for shareholders holding Fund shares in a taxable account. Call options involve risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the risk that changes in the value of the call option may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. The Fund may lose the entire put option premium paid if the underlying security does not decrease in value at expiration. Put options may not be an effective hedge because they may have imperfect correlation to the value of the Fund's portfolio securities. Purchased put options may decline in value due to changes in price of the underlying security, passage of time and changes in volatility. Derivative prices are highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time. Such prices are influenced by numerous factors that affect the markets, including, but not limited to: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events, changes in interest rates, inflation and deflation and changes in supply and demand relationships. Trading derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities including:
| · | Leverage and Volatility Risk: Option contracts ordinarily have leverage inherent in their terms. The low initial investment normally required in trading derivatives permit a high degree of leverage. Accordingly, a relatively small price movement may result in an immediate and substantial loss. The use of leverage may also cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations or to meet collateral requirements. The use of leveraged derivatives can amplify the effects of market volatility on the Fund's share price. |
| · | Liquidity Risk: Although it is anticipated that the options traded will be actively traded, it is possible that particular investments might be difficult to purchase or sell, possibly preventing the Fund from executing positions at an advantageous time or price, or possibly requiring them to dispose of other investments at unfavorable times or prices in order to satisfy their obligations. |
| · | Tracking Risk: Call options may not be perfect substitutes for the securities they are intended to track or hedge. Factors such as differences in supply and demand for certain derivatives may cause their returns to deviate from the adviser's expectations. Consequently, derivative returns may not be highly correlated to the securities they are intended to hedge. |
NEW FUND
Portfolio Turnover. The New Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Expense Example, affect the New Fund's performance.
Performance. The bar chart and performance table below show the variability of the Fund’s returns, which is some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows performance of the Fund’s Class A shares for each full calendar year since the Fund’s inception. Although Class C and I shares would have similar annual returns to Class A shares because the classes are invested in the same portfolio of securities, the returns for Class A and C shares would be different from Class A shares because Class C and I shares have different expenses than Class A shares. Performance information for Class C shares will be included after the share class has been in operation for one complete calendar year. The performance table compares the performance of the Fund’s Class A shares over time to the performance of a broad-based market index. You should be aware that the Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) may not be an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future. The Fund intends to acquire all of the assets and liabilities of Iron Horse Fund, a series of Northern Lights Funds Trust, (the “Existing Fund”) in a tax-free reorganization on or about [ ], 2016. In connection with this acquisition, shares of the Existing Fund’s Class A shares and Class I share are to be exchanged for Class A shares and Institutional shares of the Fund, respectively. The Existing Fund had an investment objective and strategies that were, in all material respects, the same as those of the Fund, and was managed in a manner that, in all material respects, complied with the investment guidelines and restrictions of the Fund. The performance information set forth below reflects the historical performance of the Existing Fund shares. Updated performance information will be available at no cost by calling 800-253-0412.
Class A Annual Total Return For Calendar Years Ended December 31
(Returns do not reflect sales loads and would be lower if they did

Best Quarter: | 1st Quarter 2013 | 6.64% |
Worst Quarter: | 4th Quarter 2015 | (2.24)% |
Performance Table
Average Annual Total Returns
(For periods ended December 31, 2015)
| One Year | Since Inception (7/7/11) |
Class A shares Return before taxes | (6.55)% | 4.05% |
Class A shares Return after taxes on distributions | (7.80)% | 2.57% |
Class A shares Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares | (3.12)% | 2.94% |
Class I shares Return before taxes * | (0.41)% | 7.83% |
CBOE S&P 500 Buy Write Index** | 5.24% | 8.21% |
* Inception date for Class I shares was November 16, 2011.
**The CBOE S&P 500 Buy Write Index (BXM) is a benchmark index designed to track the performance of a hypothetical buy-write strategy on the S&P 500 Index. The BXM is a passive total return index based on (1) buying an S&P 500 stock index portfolio, and (2) "writing" (or selling) the near-term S&P 500 Index "covered" call option, generally on the third Friday of each month. Index returns assume the reinvestment of dividends. Investors may not invest in the index directly; unlike the Fund's returns, the Index does not reflect any fees or expenses.
After-tax returns were calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown, and after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold shares of the Fund through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). After-tax returns for Class I shares, which commenced operations November 16, 2011, are not presented, and will vary from the after-tax returns for Class A shares.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries. If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary's website for more information.
Investment Objective. The Fund’s investment objective is to seek total return with less volatility than equity markets in general. The investment objective of the Fund is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval. If the Board decides to change the Fund’s investment objective, shareholders will be given 60 days’ advance notice.
Principal Investment Strategies. The Fund's sub-adviser seeks to achieve the Fund's investment objective by investing primarily in:
- dividend-paying common stocks, and
- by writing call options on common stocks and common stock indices.
The sub-adviser selects common stocks of domestic and foreign issuers with market capitalizations of at least $2 billion that are traded on a U.S. stock exchange. The sub- adviser combines (1) fundamental analysis, (2) technical analysis and (3) proprietary risk management techniques to seek total returns with less volatility than equity markets in general.
The sub-adviser selects stocks that it believes will produce income from dividends and produce capital appreciation. Additionally, the Fund writes stock index and single stock options to generate income (although classified as a capital transaction for accounting and tax purposes) and to reduce exposure to stock market price declines. The sub-adviser selects single-stock options that are typically covered calls, where the strike price and expiration month are determined by the adviser's fundamental process. The option is "covered" because the Fund owns the stock at the time it sells the option. When the Fund sells a covered call option, the purchaser of the option has the right to buy that stock at a predetermined price (known as the exercise price) any time up to a certain date in the future (known as the expiration date). If the purchaser exercises the
option, the Fund must sell the stock to the purchaser at the exercise price. As the seller of the option, the Fund receives a premium from the purchaser of the call option, which may provide income to the Fund. The selling of covered call options may tend to reduce the volatility of the Fund because the premiums received from selling the options will reduce any losses on the underlying securities, but only by the amount of the premiums. The sub-adviser's goal is not to maximize option income, as with many buy-write strategies, because it believes this would lead to holding stocks with above-average volatility. The sub-adviser selects stocks driven by its fundamental process, with options used to add income and downside protection and to achieve an exit strategy commensurate with its fundamental valuation targets.
Fundamental Analysis
The sub-adviser employs a fundamental process for selecting stocks. The fundamental process is driven by a return-on-capital framework that provides for quality comparisons of companies across industries, sectors and geography. The sub-adviser selects companies that it believes have a consistent track record of value creation and a sustainable business model by ranking them using the following peer group criteria:
- Higher than average return on capital
- Lower than average financial leverage
- Relatively consistent cash flows
- Attractively priced, based on fundamentals
- Higher than average dividends
Stocks that pass the sub-adviser's fundamental screening process are then ranked based on their risk/return ratios (the adviser's forecast for upside potential divided by downside risk). The sub-adviser uses these risk/return ratios to determine the portfolio weightings.
Technical Analysis
The sub-adviser uses a proprietary mathematical process that focuses on trends in price measured over specific periods of time to set stop loss levels, determine entry/exit points, and to improve the risk/reward profile of the portfolio. This analysis helps the sub-adviser identify characteristics of price trends (distance and time) that correspond to option strike prices and option expiration contract months, and as a downside risk analysis tool in order to improve risk/reward modeling.
Risk Management
Risk management is central to the sub-adviser's investment process. It uses several risk management techniques including tolerable-risk models, Value-At-Risk models and stop-loss procedures in order to manage portfolio risk. As a result, the sub-adviser expects the Fund to have significantly lower volatility compared to the S&P 500 Index. The sub-adviser manages portfolio-level and stock-specific risk using the following procedures:
| o | Equal stock portfolio weights based on risk/reward ratio rather than equal weight exposure |
| o | Fundamental screening process focuses on quality of management and financial consistency to seek to avoid companies with above average financial leverage and/or speculative business models |
| o | Written call options to add returns and partial protection against market declines |
| o | Sell discipline using pre-determined targets for trim/sell orders and stop-loss rules |
The sub-adviser buys stocks and writes call options using the strategies described above. It sells stocks when a price target is reached, fundamentals have deteriorated or to adjust the Fund's asset allocation and risk profile. It covers (buys back) call options to adjust the Fund's risk profile. To help mitigate against a potential short or intermediate-term decline in the overall stock market, the Fund may purchase put options or engage in put option spread transactions (i.e. selling a put option at a lower strike price to offset the cost of a purchased put option) on broad-based indices (such as the S&P 500, S&P MidCap 400 or other indices) or ETFs that seek to replicate the returns of such indices.
The sub-adviser may engage in frequent trading of the Fund’s portfolio in pursuing its strategy for the Fund.
Temporary Investments: To respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may invest 100% of its total assets, without limitation, in high-quality short-term debt securities and money market instruments. These short-term debt securities and money market instruments include: shares of money market mutual funds, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, U.S. Government securities and repurchase agreements. While the Fund is in a defensive position, the opportunity to achieve its investment objective will be limited. Furthermore, to the extent that the Fund invests in money market mutual funds for cash positions, there will be some duplication of expenses because the Fund pays its pro-rata portion of such money market funds' advisory fees and operational fees. The Fund may also invest a substantial portion of its assets in such instruments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies.
FUND MANAGEMENT
Existing Fund
The Adviser
Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC, 4370 Town Center Boulevard, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762, manages the investments of the Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement (the "Advisory Agreement"). The Adviser, subject to the general supervision of the Board, manages the Fund in accordance with its investment objective and policies, makes decisions with respect to, and places orders for all purchases and sales of, portfolio securities and maintains related records.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, the Adviser earned an aggregate fee of 0.75% ($235,195) of the Fund's average daily net assets for investment advisory services performed.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board's approval of the Advisory Agreement is available in the Existing Fund's Annual Report to Shareholders dated March 31, 2016.
Portfolio Managers
Craig Van Hulzen
Chief Investment Officer, President and Portfolio Manager
Mr. Van Hulzen has served as Chief Investment Officer, President and Portfolio Manager since founding the Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC in 1996. Mr. Van Hulzen oversees the investment process for the adviser. Mr. Van Hulzen has been a consultant on risk management and portfolio construction issues to money managers, institutions, and endowments, and has also provided expert witness testimony on portfolio construction and risk management issues to various states and house sub-committees. Mr. Van Hulzen has been featured in Business Week, Fortune Online, Pensions & Investment, Financial Planning and USA Today. Mr. Van Hulzen holds a B.A. in Business Finance from Point Loma Nazarene University.
John Pearce
Managing Director and Portfolio Manager
Mr. Pearce has served as Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC since February 2008. Previously, from February 2002 to November 2007, Mr. Pearce served as Director of Credit Suisse Securities, where he specialized in intrinsic value analysis and worked with both large corporations and institutional clients. Mr. Pearce serves on the adviser's Investment Committee and oversees the adviser's business development efforts.
Mr. Pearce holds a B.A. in Economics from the University of Virginia, an M.S. in Accounting from the College of Charleston.
Stefan ten Brink
Managing Director and Portfolio Manager
Mr. ten Brink has served as a Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC since January 2011. Previously, from June 2005 to September 2010, Mr. ten Brink served as Portfolio Manager for Petercam Asset Management in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. From July 2000 to June 2005, Mr. ten Brink served as a Portfolio Manager for the Pension Fund of Koninklijke Ahold N.V., and as an Investment Adviser for ING Bank. Mr. ten Brink holds a degree in Logistics & Economics from Arnhem Business School and an MSc in Business Economics from Nijmegen University. Mr. ten Brink is a Certified EFFAS Financial Analyst (European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies).
Management of Other Accounts
Messrs Van Hulzen, Pearce and ten Brink serve as the Co-Portfolio Managers responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Existing Fund. This section includes information about the Portfolio Managers, including information about other accounts they manage, the dollar range of Fund shares they own and how they are compensated.
As indicated in the chart below, the Portfolio Managers are responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts in addition to the Existing Fund, as of March 31, 2016.
Name | Registered Investment Companies | Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | Other Accounts |
| Number of Accounts | Total Assets | Number of Accounts | Total Assets | Number of Accounts | Total Assets |
Craig Van Hulzen | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
John Pearce | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
Stefan ten Brink | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
Potential Conflicts of Interest. When a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise. Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Adviser may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Fund, or it may receive a performance-based fee on certain accounts. In those instances, the portfolio manager may have an incentive to favor the higher and/or performance-based fee accounts over the Fund. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential material conflicts. For instance, portfolio managers within the Adviser are normally responsible for all accounts within a certain investment discipline, and do not, absent special circumstances, differentiate among the various accounts when allocating resources. Additionally, the Adviser utilizes a system for allocating investment opportunities among portfolios that is designed to provide a fair and equitable allocation.
Portfolio Managers' Compensation. Each portfolio manager receives a salary and may be eligible for a performance-based bonus and a share of the profits, if any.
Disclosure of Securities Ownership. The Existing Fund is required to show the dollar amount range of each portfolio manager's "beneficial ownership" of shares of the Existing Fund as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. Dollar amount ranges disclosed are established by the SEC. "Beneficial ownership" is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act.
Name of Portfolio Manager | Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Existing Fund |
Craig Van Hulzen | $50,001-$100,000 |
John Pearce | $50,001-$100,000 |
Stefan ten Brink | $1-$10,000 |
New Fund
The Investment Adviser
Rational Advisors, Inc., 36 N. New York Ave., Huntington, NY 11743, serves as the New Fund’s investment adviser. Rational Advisors, Inc. is an Ohio corporation and is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Rational Advisors, Inc. is under common control with Catalyst Capital Advisors LLC and AlphaCentric Advisors LLC, the investment advisors of other funds in the same group of investment companies also known as a “Fund Complex”.
The New Fund pays Rational Advisors, Inc. an investment advisory fee equal to 1.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets for its services as adviser.
An affiliate of Rational Advisors, Inc. has received an exemptive order from the SEC that permits Rational Advisors, Inc., with the MFVIT Trust's Board of Trustees' approval, to enter into or materially amend sub-advisory agreements with one or more sub-advisers who are not affiliated with Rational Advisors, Inc. without obtaining shareholder approval. Shareholders will be notified if and when a new sub-adviser is employed by Rational Advisors, Inc. within 90 days of such change.
The Investment Sub-Adviser
Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC, 4370 Town Center Boulevard, El Dorado Hills, CA 95762, serves as the New Fund's investment sub-adviser. Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC is registered with the SEC as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC is a California limited liability company formed in 2003.
Portfolio Managers
Craig Van Hulzen
Chief Investment Officer, President and Portfolio Manager
Mr. Van Hulzen has served as Chief Investment Officer, President and Portfolio Manager since founding the Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC in 1996. Mr. Van Hulzen oversees the investment process for the adviser. Mr. Van Hulzen has been a consultant on risk management and portfolio construction issues to money managers, institutions, and endowments, and has also provided expert witness testimony on portfolio construction and risk management issues to various states and house sub-committees. Mr. Van Hulzen has been featured in Business Week, Fortune Online, Pensions & Investment, Financial Planning and USA Today. Mr. Van Hulzen holds a B.A. in Business Finance from Point Loma Nazarene University.
John Pearce
Managing Director and Portfolio Manager
Mr. Pearce has served as Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC since February 2008. Previously, from February 2002 to November 2007, Mr. Pearce served as Director of Credit Suisse Securities, where he specialized in intrinsic value analysis and worked with both large corporations and institutional clients. Mr. Pearce serves on the adviser's Investment Committee and oversees the adviser's business development efforts. Mr. Pearce holds a B.A. in Economics from the University of Virginia, an M.S. in Accounting from the College of Charleston.
Stefan ten Brink
Managing Director and Portfolio Manager
Mr. ten Brink has served as a Managing Director and Portfolio Manager of Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC since January 2011. Previously, from June 2005 to September 2010, Mr. ten Brink served as Portfolio Manager for Petercam Asset Management in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. From July 2000 to June 2005, Mr. ten Brink served as a Portfolio Manager for the Pension Fund of Koninklijke Ahold N.V., and as an Investment Adviser for ING Bank. Mr. ten Brink holds a degree in Logistics & Economics from Arnhem Business School and an MSc in Business Economics from Nijmegen University. Mr. ten Brink is a Certified EFFAS Financial Analyst (European Federation of Financial Analysts Societies).
Management of Other Accounts. Messers Van Hulzen, Pearce and ten Brink serve as the Co-Portfolio Managers responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the New Fund. This section includes information about the Portfolio Managers, including information about other accounts they manage, the dollar range of Fund shares they own and how they are compensated.
As indicated in the chart below, the Portfolio Managers are responsible for the day-to-day management of other accounts in addition to the New Fund, as of March 31, 2016.
Name | Registered Investment Companies | Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | Other Accounts |
| Number of Accounts | Total Assets | Number of Accounts | Total Assets | Number of Accounts | Total Assets |
Craig Van Hulzen | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
John Pearce | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
Stefan ten Brink | 1 | $555 million | 0 | None | 0 | None |
Potential Conflicts of Interest. When a portfolio manager has responsibility for managing more than one account, potential conflicts of interest may arise. Those conflicts could include preferential treatment of one account over others in terms of allocation of resources or of investment opportunities. For instance, the Adviser may receive fees from certain accounts that are higher than the fee it receives from the Fund, or it may receive a performance-based fee on certain accounts. In those instances, the portfolio manager may have an incentive to favor the higher and/or performance-based fee accounts over the Fund. The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to address these potential material conflicts. For instance, portfolio managers within the Adviser are normally responsible for all accounts within a certain investment discipline, and do not, absent special circumstances, differentiate among the various accounts when allocating resources. Additionally, the Adviser utilizes a system for allocating investment opportunities among portfolios that is designed to provide a fair and equitable allocation.
Portfolio Managers' Compensation. Each portfolio manager receives a salary and may be eligible for a performance-based bonus and a share of the profits, if any.
INFORMATION RELATING TO THE REORGANIZATION
Description of the Reorganization
The Reorganization Agreement provides that the Existing Fund will transfer all of its assets and liabilities to the New Fund. In exchange for the transfer of these assets and liabilities, the New Fund will simultaneously issue shares to the Existing Fund in an amount equal in value to the net asset value of the Existing Fund's shares. Shares of the New Fund are shares of beneficial interest without par value in the New Fund series of the Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Fund Trust under its Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws. Under the Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, NLFT may issue an indefinite number of shares of beneficial interest for each class of shares of the New Fund. By class, each share of the New Fund represents an equal proportionate interest with other shares of the New Fund. Each share, by class, has equal earnings, assets, and voting privileges, and is entitled to dividends and other distributions out of the income earned and gain realized on the assets belonging to the New Fund as authorized by the Board of Trustees with respect to each class. Shares of the New Fund entitle their holders to one vote per full share and fractional votes for fractional shares held. Shares of the New Fund received by each shareholder of the Existing Fund in the Reorganization will be issued at NAV without a sales charge, will be fully paid and non-assessable. Shares have no subscription or preemptive rights. In the event of a liquidation or dissolution of NLFT or the New Fund, shareholders of the New Fund are entitled to receive the assets available for distribution belonging to that class of shares of the New Fund, and a proportionate distribution, based upon the relative asset values of the respective funds, of any general assets, if any, not belonging to any particular fund which are available for distribution.
Immediately after the transfer of the Existing Fund's assets and liabilities, the Existing Fund will make a liquidating distribution pro rata to its shareholders of record of all the New Fund shares received, so that a holder of shares in the Existing Fund at the Closing Date of the Reorganization will receive a number of shares of the New Fund with the same aggregate value as the shareholder had in the Existing Fund immediately before the Reorganization. Such distribution will be accomplished by the transfer of New Fund shares credited to the account of the Existing Fund on the books of the New Fund's transfer agent. Each account will represent the respective pro rata number of full and fractional shares of the New Fund shares due to the shareholders of the Existing Fund. Class A shareholders of the Existing Fund will receive load-waived Class A shares of the New Fund. Class I shareholders of the Existing Fund will receive Institutional Class shares of the New Fund. All issued and outstanding shares of the Existing Fund will simultaneously be canceled on the books of the Existing Fund.
The New Fund does not currently issue certificates to shareholders. The Existing Fund shareholder will have the right to receive any unpaid dividends or other distributions that were declared by the Existing Fund with respect to shares held on _______, 2016 (the "Closing Date"). No shares of the New Fund to be issued will have preemptive or conversion rights. No front-end sales loads or contingent deferred sales charges will be imposed in connection with the receipt of such shares by the Existing Fund shareholders. The Existing Fund will then be liquidated and terminated.
The Reorganization Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and conditions designed to ensure that the Reorganization is fair to both parties. The Reorganization Agreement provides that the consummation of the Reorganization is contingent upon, among other things: (i) approval of the Reorganization Agreement by the shareholders of the Existing Fund; (ii) the receipt by NLFT and MFVIT of a tax opinion to the effect that the Reorganization will be tax-free to the Existing Fund and its shareholders; (iii) an undertaking from the MFVIT Board of Trustees that for a period of no less than 3 years following the closing of the Reorganization it will be composed of at least 75% of persons who are not interested persons of Rational Advisors, Inc. or Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC; and (iv) an undertaking from the MFVIT Board of Trustees that it will assure that the New Fund is not subject to an unfair burden as defined under Section 15(f) of the 1940 Act related to the Reorganization. The Reorganization Agreement may be terminated if, on the Closing Date, any of the required conditions have not been met or if the representations and warranties are not true or, if at any time prior to the Closing Date of the Reorganization, the Board of Trustees of NLFT determines that the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Reorganization Agreements are not in the best interest of the Existing Fund's shareholders.
If shareholders of the Existing Fund approve the proposed Reorganization, an investment advisory agreement between the Fund and Rational Advisors, Inc. will take effect. If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not vote to approve the Reorganization, however, the Trustees of NLFT may consider possible alternative arrangements in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its shareholders, including liquidation of the Existing Fund.
Costs of Reorganization
The Existing Fund and the New Fund will not pay any costs related to the Reorganization. The costs of proxy solicitation; proxy printing, postage and processing; legal review by legal counsel to NLFT of documents related to the Reorganization; fund start-up costs; conversion fees; the cost of preparing the Reorganization Agreement and the proxy statement on Form N-14, including the delivery of a tax opinion by legal counsel and any other Reorganization costs will be borne by Rational Advisors, Inc. and Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC. The estimated costs of the Reorganization are $______.
Federal Income Taxes
The combination of the Existing Fund and the New Fund in the Reorganization is intended to qualify for federal income tax purposes as a tax-free reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). If so, neither the Existing Fund nor its shareholders will recognize gain or loss as a result of the Reorganization. The tax basis of the New Fund shares received will be the same as the basis of the Existing Fund shares exchanged and the holding period of the New Fund shares received will include the holding period of the Existing Fund shares exchanged, provided that the shares exchanged were held as capital assets at the time of the Reorganization. As a condition to the closing of the Reorganization, NLFT and MFVIT will receive an opinion from counsel to that effect. No tax ruling from the Internal Revenue Service regarding the Reorganization has been requested. The opinion of counsel is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service and does not preclude the Internal Revenue Service from adopting a contrary position. Nevertheless, the sale of securities by the Existing Fund prior to the Reorganization could result in taxable capital gains distribution prior to the Reorganization. Prior to the closing of the Reorganization, the Existing Fund will pay to its shareholders a cash distribution consisting of any undistributed investment company taxable income and/or any undistributed realized net capital gains, including any net gains realized from any sales of assets prior to the closings. This distribution would be taxable to shareholders that are subject to tax. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers concerning the potential tax consequences of the Reorganization to them, including foreign, state and local tax consequences.
As of March 31, 2016, the Existing Fund had unutilized federal tax long-term capital loss carryforwards of $43,491, which may be carried forward indefinitely.
The final amount of unutilized capital loss carryover for the Existing Fund is subject to change and will not be determined until the time of the Reorganization. After and as a result of the Reorganization, these capital loss carryforwards and the utilization of certain unrealized capital losses may be subject to limitations under applicable tax laws on the rate at which they may be used in the future to offset capital gains of the New Fund. The Trustees took this factor into account in concluding that the proposed Reorganization would be in the best interests of shareholders.
Capitalization
The following table sets forth, as of June 30, 2016: (i) the unaudited capitalization of each class of shares of the Existing Fund (ii) the hypothetical unaudited pro-forma capitalization of each class of shares of the New Fund, and (iii) the unaudited pro-forma combined capitalization of the New Fund assuming the Reorganization has been approved. If the Reorganization is consummated, the capitalizations are likely to be different on the Closing Date as a result of daily share purchase and redemption activity in the Existing Fund and changes in NAV.
Shares of Fund | Net Assets | Adjustment for Reorganization Costs | Adjusted Net Assets | Adjusted Net Asset Value Per Share | Shares Outstanding |
Existing Fund- Iron Horse Fund Total | | | | | |
Class A Shares | 8,170,954 | None | 8,170,954 | 10.02 | 815,238.507 |
Class I Shares | 8,855,005 | None | 8,855,005 | 10.03 | 882,551.611 |
New Fund – Rational Iron Horse Fund Proforma | | | | | |
Class A Shares | 8,170,954 | None | 8,170,954 | 10.02 | 815,238.507 |
Class C Shares | 0 | None | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Institutional Class Shares | 8,855,005 | None | 8,855,005 | 10.03 | 882,551.611 |
Adjustment for Shares Outstanding | | | | | |
Combined Fund Proforma | 17,025,959 | None | 17,025,959 | | |
* Results may vary due to rounding
REASONS FOR THE REORGANIZATION
At a meeting held on May 17-18 2016, the Board of Trustees of NLFT approved the proposed Reorganization. At this meeting, representatives of Rational Advisors, Inc. provided, and the Board of Trustees reviewed, detailed information about the proposed Reorganization. Based on Van Hulzen Asset Management’s evaluation of the Existing Fund in the context of the NLFT fund lineup, including a consideration of Van Hulzen Asset Management’s ability to grow the Existing Fund in such a way as to realize economies of scale and provide a strategy differentiated from peers, Van Hulzen Asset Management recommended that the Board approve the Reorganization. The representatives provided information to the Board of Trustees concerning: (i) the specific terms of the Reorganization, including information regarding comparative expense ratios; (ii) the proposed plans for ongoing management, distribution and operation of the Existing Fund and the New Fund; and (iii) the impact of the Reorganization on the Existing Fund and its shareholders.
Before approving the Reorganization, the NLFT Trustees examined all factors that it considered relevant. The NLFT Trustees reviewed the terms of the Plan of Reorganization, noting that the Reorganization would be submitted to the Existing Fund’s shareholders for approval. The NLFT Trustees discussed that if the Reorganization is approved, the New Fund’s net estimated expenses will be equal to the net expenses to be paid by the Existing Fund after the expiration of the current fee waiver on July 31, 2016. The NLFT Trustees discussed that although Van Hulzen would no longer serve as adviser, they were pleased that the existing portfolio managers will continue to provide portfolio management services to the New Fund following the Reorganization as portfolio managers of the subadviser. The NLFT Trustees noted that under the Reorganization, the new adviser and Van Hulzen, as subadviser, would be providing a comparable level of portfolio management services to the New Fund and shareholders as are currently being provided to the Existing Fund.
The NLFT Trustees agreed that the intended adviser and sub-adviser team has the ability to provide quality services with increased opportunities for economies of scale due to the marketing, infrastructure and size of the Mutual Fund & Variable Insurance Trust family of funds. The NLFT Trustees determined that the Reorganization offers the Existing Fund significant resources above and beyond Van Hulzen acting as adviser alone, and that the Reorganization would not result in a dilution of shareholder interests.
The NLFT Trustees noted that the new adviser and Van Hulzen will bear all costs associated with the Reorganization, the Special Meeting, and solicitation of proxies, including the expenses associated with preparing and filing the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the cost of copying, printing and mailing proxy materials. The NLFT Trustees further discussed the fact that, under the Plan of Reorganization, the New Fund would assume all of the liabilities of its corresponding Existing Fund. The NLFT Trustees considered that the Reorganization is not expected to result in taxable income or gain or other adverse federal tax consequences to shareholders.
The NLFT Trustees reviewed information regarding comparative expense ratios. The NLFT Trustees noted that the new adviser has agree to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse the New Fund's expenses in order to limit the total annual fund operating expenses to 1.70% and 1.95% for Institutional and Class A shares, respectively, at least until April 30,
2018. They confirmed that the New Fund’s expense limitation agreement would exist on substantially similar terms as the agreement currently in place with respect to the Existing Fund.
The NLFT Trustees reviewed the investment objective, policies, and investment restrictions of both the Existing Fund and the New Fund, discussed certain aspects of each, and concluded that the New Fund will have the same investment objective and substantially similar investment strategies as the Existing Fund. The NLFT Trustees also discussed certain differences, concluding that they were not material and are not expected to have an impact on the day-to-day management of the New Fund.
Based on the foregoing considerations, the NLFT Trustees determined that the Reorganization is in the best interests of the Existing Fund's shareholders. On the basis of the information provided to the NLFT Trustees and its evaluation of that information, the Board recommends that the shareholders of the Existing Fund vote "For" this proposal to approve the Reorganization.
SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS
General Shareholder Rights
General. The Existing Fund is a series of NLFT. NLFT is an open-end management investment company that was established as a statutory trust under Delaware law by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated January 19, 2005. NLFT is governed by its By-Laws and by applicable Delaware law.
The New Fund is a series of MFVIT. MFVIT is an open-end management investment company that was established as a statutory trust under Delaware law by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated June 23, 2006. MFVITis governed by its By-Laws and by applicable Delaware law.
Shares. NLFT and MFVIT are authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest, without par value, from an unlimited number of series of shares. The shares of each NLFT and MFVIT mutual fund have no preference as to conversion, exchange, dividends, retirement or other features, and have no preemptive rights.
Voting Requirements. All shares of NLFT and MFVIT entitled to vote on a matter shall vote on the matter, separately by series and, if applicable, by class, subject to: (1) where the 1940 Act requires all shares of NLFT and MFVIT to be voted in the aggregate without differentiation between the separate Series or classes, then all of NLFT’s and MFVIT’s shares shall vote in the aggregate; and (2) if any matter affects only the interests of some but not all series or classes, then only the shareholders of such affected series or classes shall be entitled to vote on the matter.
Shareholder Meetings. Annual meetings of shareholders will not be held, but special meetings of shareholders may be held under certain circumstances. Meetings of the shareholders may be held within or outside the State of Delaware. Meetings of the shareholders of NLFT or MFVIT or a series of either may be called by the Board of Trustees, Chairman of the Board or the President of NLFT or MFVIT for any lawful purpose, including the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1 of the Declaration of Trust. Special meetings of the shareholders of NLFT or MFVIT any series thereof shall be called by the Board of Trustees, Chairman or President upon the written request of shareholders owning the requisite percentage amount of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote specified in the By-Laws. Whenever ten or more shareholders meeting the qualifications set forth in Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, as the same may be amended from time to time, seek the opportunity of furnishing materials to the other shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures on such a request for a meeting, the Trustees shall comply with the provisions of said Section 16(c) with respect to providing such shareholders access to the list of the shareholders of record of the Trust or the mailing of such materials to such Shareholders of record, subject to any rights provided to the Trust or any Trustees provided by said Section 16(c). Shareholders shall be entitled to at least fifteen (15) days’ notice of any meeting.
Election and Term of Trustees. Existing Fund - The number of Trustees constituting the Board of Trustees may be fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority of the Board of Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than one (1)
nor more than fifteen (15). The initial Trustee shall be the person named herein. The Board of Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees or remove any Trustee with or without cause. The shareholders may elect Trustees, including filling any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, at any meeting of shareholders called by the Board of Trustees for that purpose. A meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more Trustees may be called by the Board of Trustees or, to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, by the shareholders. Shareholders shall have the power to remove a Trustee only to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
New Fund - The number of Trustees constituting the Board of Trustees may be fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority of the Board of Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than one (1) nor more than twenty (20). The Board of Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees, by action of a two-thirds of the then Trustees at a duly constituted meeting, may remove any trustee with or without cause. The Shareholders may elect Trustees, including filling any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, at any meeting of Shareholders called by the Board of Trustees for that purpose. A meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more Trustees may be called by the Board of Trustees or, to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, by the Shareholders. Shareholders shall have the power to remove a Trustee only to the extent provided by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Shareholder Liability. Pursuant to NLFT's and MFVIT’s Agreements and Declarations of Trust, shareholders of series of NLFT or MFVIT are not personally liable for the acts, omissions or obligations of NLFT or MFVIT or the Trustees of either NLFT or MFVIT.
Liability of Trustees. To the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by Delaware law, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of: any agent or employee of NLFT or MFVIT; any investment adviser or principal underwriter of NLFT or MFVIT; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively. NLFT or MFVIT; out of each of their respective property, shall indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officer’s or Trustee’s performance of his or her duties as an officer or Trustee of NLFT or MFVIT, respectively. This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a person serves as a Trustee or officer of NLFT or MFVIT whether or not such person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted. Nothing herein contained shall indemnify, hold harmless or protect any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to NLFT or MFVIT or any shareholder to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office.
Reorganization. A majority of the Board of Trustees may cause NLFT or MFVIT to sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of the assets of NLFT or MFVIT, or all or substantially all of the assets associated with any one or more series, to another trust, business trust, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, association or corporation organized under the laws of any state, or to one or more separate series thereof, or to NLFT or MFVIT to be held as assets associated with one or more other series of the trust, in exchange for cash, shares or other securities (including, without limitation, in the case of a transfer to another series of the trust, shares of such other series) with such transfer either (a) being made subject to, or with the assumption by the transferee of, the liabilities associated with each series the assets of which are so transferred, or (b) not being made subject to, or not with the assumption of, such liabilities; provided, however, that, if required by the 1940 Act, no assets associated with any particular series shall be so sold, conveyed or transferred unless the terms of such transaction shall first have been approved at a meeting called for that purpose by the “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities,” as such phrase is defined in the 1940 Act, of that series. Following such sale, conveyance and transfer, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other securities (giving due effect to the assets and liabilities associated with and any other differences among the various series the assets associated with which have so been sold, conveyed and transferred) ratably among the shareholders of the series the assets associated with which have been so sold, conveyed and transferred (giving due effect to the differences among the various classes within each such Series); and if all of the assets of NLFT or MFVIT have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, NLFT or MFVIT shall be dissolved.
Comparison of Shareholder Rights
The foregoing is only a summary of certain rights of shareholders of the Existing Fund and the New Fund under their respective Trust's governing charter documents and by-laws, state law, and the 1940 Act, and is not a complete description of provisions contained in those sources. Shareholders should refer directly to the provisions of state law, the 1940 Act and rules thereunder for a more thorough description.
We do not believe there are any material differences in shareholder rights between the Existing Fund and the New Fund.
Taxes
Please consult your tax adviser regarding your specific questions about federal, state and local income taxes. Below is a summary of some important tax issues that affect the Funds and their shareholders. This summary is based on current tax laws, which may change. This summary is not applicable to the tax consequences of the Reorganization. The tax-free nature of the Reorganization is discussed above under INFORMATION RELATING TO THE REORGANIZATION – Federal Income Taxes.
Each Fund has qualified, or intends to qualify, to be treated as a regulated investment company under the Code. To remain qualified as a regulated investment company, a Fund must distribute 90% of its taxable and tax-exempt income and diversify its holdings as required by the 1940 Act and the Code. While so qualified, so long as each Fund distributes all of its net investment company taxable and tax-exempt income and any net realized capital gains to the shareholders, it is expected that the Funds will not be required to pay any federal income taxes on the amounts distributed to shareholders.
Each Fund will distribute substantially all of its net investment income and its net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually. The dividends and distributions that shareholders receive may be subject to federal, state and local taxation, depending upon your tax situation. Distributions received from the Fund may be taxable whether or not shareholders reinvest them.
Income and short-term capital gains that are distributed to you are taxable as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes regardless of how long you have held your Fund shares. To the extent that underlying income of the Fund consists of qualified dividend income, income distributions received by individual shareholders of the Fund may be subject to federal income tax at the individual shareholder’s applicable tax rate for long-term capital gains. To the extent that income distributions received by corporate shareholders of the Fund consist of dividends, the corporate shareholders may qualify for a dividends received deduction. Long-term capital gains distributed to you are taxable as long-term capital gains for federal income tax purposes regardless of how long you have held your Fund shares.
Each sale or exchange of Fund shares may be a taxable event. For tax purposes, an exchange of shares of one Fund for shares of another Fund generally is treated the same as a sale. You will receive an annual statement outlining the tax status of your distributions. You will also receive written notices of certain foreign taxes and distributions paid by the Funds during the prior taxable year.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax generally is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that any such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
Shareholders with tax-advantaged or other retirement accounts generally will not be subject to federal taxation on income and capital gain distributions until distributions from the retirement account are received. Shareholders should consult their tax adviser regarding the rules governing their own retirement plan.
INFORMATION ABOUT THE EXISTING FUND AND NEW FUND
Information concerning the operation and management of the New Fund can be found in the Fund's Prospectus. Additional information about the New Fund is included in the Statement of Additional Information for MFVIT. Both the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for the New Fund are not yet effective and are subject to completion.
For a detailed discussion of the investment objectives, policies, risks and restrictions of the Existing Fund, see the Prospectus for NLFT dated July 29, 2016, which has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement/Prospectus. A Statement of Additional Information for the Existing Fund dated July 29, 2016, has been filed with the SEC, and is incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement/Prospectus. Copies of the prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for the Existing Fund are available upon request and without charge by calling toll-free 1-855-241-7514 or by visiting www.ironhorsefund.com or www.sec.gov.
NLFT and MFVIT are subject to the information requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the 1940 Act and in accordance therewith, and files reports and other information, including proxy materials and charter documents, with the SEC. Reports, proxy statements, registration statements and other information filed by NLFT and MFVIT may be inspected without charge and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549, and at the following regional offices of the SEC: Northeast Regional Office, 3 World Financial Center, Suite 400, New York, New York 10281; Southeast Regional Office, 801 Brickell Avenue, Suite 1800, Miami, Florida 33131; Midwest Regional Office, 175 West Jackson Boulevard, Suite 900, Chicago, Illinois 60604; Central Regional Office, 1801 California Street, Suite 1500, Denver, Colorado 80202; and Pacific Regional Office, 5670 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1100, Los Angeles, California 90036. Copies of such materials may also be obtained from the Public Reference Branch, Office of Consumer Affairs and Information Services, Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, DC 20549 at prescribed rates.
Financial Statements. The financial statements of the Existing Fund for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 have been audited by Cohen & Company, Ltd., located at 1350 Euclid Avenue, Suite 800, Cleveland, OH 44115, its independent registered public accounting firm, and are contained in the Annual Report to shareholders. NLFT will furnish, without charge, a copy of the Annual Report and the Semi-Annual Report upon request. Requests should be made by calling toll-free 1-855-241-7514 or by visiting www.ironhorsefund.com. The Annual Reports for the Existing Fund also are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. The New Fund has not yet commenced operations and, therefore, has not produced shareholder reports.
The Financial Highlights relating to the Existing Fund contained in the Annual Report for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016 are attached as Exhibit B.
Under the Plan of Reorganization, the Existing Fund is proposed to be reorganized into the New Fund. Pro forma financial information for the New Fund has not been prepared because the New Fund is a newly-organized shell with no assets or liabilities that will commence investment operations upon completion of the Reorganization and continue operations of the Existing Fund. The Existing Fund will be the accounting survivor of the Reorganization.
VOTING MATTERS
General Information
This Proxy Statement/Prospectus is being furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Trustees of NLFT in connection with the Special Meeting to be held on ___________, 2016 at 8:00 a.m. Eastern time at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, New York, and at any adjournments thereof. This Proxy Statement/Prospectus, along with a Notice of the Special Meeting and a proxy card, is first being mailed to shareholders of the Existing Fund on or about ___________, 2016. It is expected that the solicitation of proxies will be by mail.
The Board of Trustees of NLFT has fixed the close of business on _____________, 2016 as the record date (the "Record Date") for determining the shareholders of the Existing Fund entitled to receive notice of the Special Meeting and
to vote, and for determining the number of shares that may be voted, with respect to the Special Meeting or any adjournment thereof.
Voting Rights and Required Vote
Each shareholder of the Existing Fund is entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares. The holders of 30% of the outstanding shares of the Existing Fund entitled to vote at the Special Meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum, however, approval of the Reorganization requires the affirmative vote of the majority of outstanding shares. The term "majority of the outstanding shares" means the vote of more than 50% of the Fund's outstanding shares, in person or by proxy.
If you wish to participate in the Special Meeting, you may submit the proxy card included with this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, or attend in person. (Guidelines on voting by proxy card are immediately after the Notice of Special Meeting.)
If the enclosed proxy is properly executed and returned in time to be voted at the Special Meeting, the proxies named therein will vote the shares of beneficial interest represented by the proxy in accordance with the instructions marked on the returned proxy. Proxies that are properly executed and returned but are not marked with voting instructions will be voted FOR the proposed Reorganization and FOR any other matters deemed appropriate. It is not anticipated that any matters other than the approval of the Reorganization will be brought before the Special Meeting. Should other business properly be brought before the Special Meeting, it is intended that the accompanying proxies will be voted in accordance with the judgment of the persons named as such proxies.
Proxies may be revoked by executing and delivering a later-dated signed proxy to the Secretary of Northern Lights Fund Trust at the address set forth on the cover page of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus, or by attending the Special Meeting in person and voting your shares. Unless revoked, all valid proxies will be voted in accordance with the specifications thereon.
Abstentions and "broker non-votes" (i.e. shares held by brokers or nominees, typically in "street name," as to which (i) instructions have not been received from the beneficial owners or persons entitled to vote and (ii) the broker or nominee does not have discretionary voting power on a particular matter) will be treated as present for purposes of determining a quorum. In addition, under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange, if a broker has not received instructions from beneficial owners or persons entitled to vote and the proposal to be voted upon may "affect substantially" a shareholder's rights or privileges, the broker may not vote the shares as to that proposal even if it has discretionary voting power. As a result, these shares also will be treated as broker non-votes for purposes of proposals that may "affect substantially" a shareholder's rights or privileges (but will not be treated as broker non-votes for other proposals, including adjournment of the Special Meeting). Abstentions and broker non-votes will be treated as shares voted against a proposal. Treating broker non-votes as votes against a proposal can have the effect of causing shareholders who choose not to participate in the proxy vote to prevail over shareholders who cast votes or provide voting instructions to their brokers or nominees. In order to prevent this result, NLFT may request that selected brokers or nominees refrain from returning proxies on behalf of shares for which voting instructions have not been received from beneficial owners or persons entitled to vote. NLFT also may request that selected brokers or nominees return proxies on behalf of shares for which voting instructions have not been received if doing so is necessary to obtain a quorum.
If shareholders of the Existing Fund do not vote to approve the Reorganization, the Trustees of NLFT may consider possible alternative arrangements in the best interests of the Existing Fund and its Shareholders, including liquidation of the Existing Fund. If sufficient votes in favor of the Reorganization are not received by the time scheduled for the Special Meeting, the persons named as proxies or any officer present entitled to preside or act as Secretary of such meeting, may propose one or more adjournments of the Special Meeting to permit further solicitation of proxies. In determining whether to adjourn the Special Meeting, the following factors may be considered: the percentage of votes actually cast, the percentage of negative votes actually cast, the nature of any further solicitation and the information to be provided to shareholders with respect to the reasons for the solicitation. Any adjournment will require an affirmative vote of a majority of those shares represented at the Special Meeting, whether or not a quorum is present, in person or by
proxy. The persons named as proxies will vote upon such adjournment after consideration of all circumstances that may bear upon a decision to adjourn the Special Meeting. Any business that might have been transacted at the Special Meeting originally called may be transacted at any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present.
A shareholder of the Existing Fund who objects to the proposed Reorganization will not be entitled under either Delaware law or the Declaration of Trust of NLFT to demand payment for, or an appraisal of, his or her shares. However, shareholders should be aware that the Reorganization as proposed is not expected to result in recognition of gain or loss to shareholders for federal income tax purposes. If the Reorganization is consummated, shareholders will be free to redeem the shares of the New Fund that they receive in the transaction at their then-current net asset value. Shares of the Existing Fund may be redeemed at any time prior to the consummation of the Reorganization. Shareholders of the Existing Fund may wish to consult their tax advisers as to any different consequences of redeeming their shares prior to the Reorganization or exchanging such shares in the Reorganization.
NLFT does not hold annual shareholder meetings. If the Reorganization is not approved, shareholders wishing to submit proposals to be considered for inclusion in a proxy statement for a subsequent shareholder meeting should send their written proposals to the Secretary of NLFT at the address set forth on the cover of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus so that they will be received by NLFT in a reasonable period of time prior to that meeting.
NOTICE TO BANKS, BROKER-DEALERS AND VOTING TRUSTEES AND THEIR NOMINEES.
Please advise NLFT whether other persons are beneficial owners of shares for which proxies are being solicited and, if so, the number of copies of this Proxy Statement/Prospectus needed to supply copies to the beneficial owners of the respective shares.
Record Date and Outstanding Shares
Only shareholders of record of the Existing Fund at the close of business on ___________, 2016, (the "Record Date") are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Special Meeting and any postponement or adjournment thereof. Shareholders will be entitled to cast one vote for each full share and a fractional vote for each fractional share of the Existing Fund that they hold as of the Record Date. At the close of business on the Record Date, there were outstanding and entitled to vote the following shares of the Existing Fund:
Fund | Number of Shares |
Existing Fund Class A | |
Existing Fund Class I | |
The votes of the shareholders of the New Fund are not being solicited, because their approval or consent is not necessary for the approval of the Reorganization. At the close of business on the Record Date there were no New Fund shares.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
As of the Record Date, the officers and Trustees of NLFT, as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of Existing Fund. As of the Record Date, the New Fund had no shares outstanding.
A person who beneficially owns, either directly or indirectly, more than 25% of the voting securities of a series or acknowledges the existence of such control may be presumed to control the Fund. A control person could potentially control the outcome of any proposal submitted to the shareholders for approval, including changes to a Fund’s fundamental policies or terms of the investment advisory agreement with the Adviser. As of July 13, 2016, there were no persons known by the Existing Fund to own of record, or beneficially 25% or more of the outstanding shares of the Existing Fund.
As of August 31, 2016, to the knowledge of the Trustees and management of NLFT, other than as set forth below, no person owned beneficially or of record more than 5% of the outstanding shares of each class of the Existing Fund.
Existing Fund Class A
Record (R) or Beneficial (B) Owner Name and Address | Status | Number of Shares | Percentage Ownership of Class | Percentage Ownership of Fund |
LPL Financial, Attn. Fund Operations P.O. Box, 509046 San Diego, CA 92150 | R | 73,307 | 8.97% | 4.36 |
Charles Schwab 211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 | R | 303,982 | 37.19% | 18.07% |
TD Ameritrade P.O. Box 2226 Omaha, NE 68103 | R | 228,234 | 27.92% | 13.57 |
Existing Fund Class I
Record (R) or Beneficial (B) Owner Name and Address | Status | Number of Shares | Percentage Ownership of Class | Percentage Ownership of Fund |
LPL Financial, Attn. Fund Operations P.O. Box, 509046 San Diego, CA 92150 | R | 210,050 | 24.30% | 12.49% |
Charles Schwab 211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105 | R | 127,109 | 14.70% | 7.56% |
TD Ameritrade P.O. Box 2226 Omaha, NE 68103 | R | 360,066 | 41.65% | 21.41% |
OTHER BUSINESS
The Board of Trustees of NLFT knows of no other business to be brought before the Special Meeting. However, if any other matters come before the Special Meeting, it is the intention that proxies that do not contain specific restrictions to the contrary will be voted on such matters in accordance with the judgment of the persons named in the enclosed form of proxy.
SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES
Shareholder inquiries may be addressed to NLFT by calling _______________.
SHAREHOLDERS WHO DO NOT EXPECT TO BE PRESENT AT THE MEETING ARE REQUESTED TO VOTE BY MAIL, TELEPHONE OR INTERNET. INFORMATION ON THE VARIOUS MANNERS OF VOTING ARE SET FORTH IN THE ENCLOSED PROXY.
By Order of the Board of Trustees,
James Ash
Secretary
Northern Lights Fund Trust
EXHIBIT A
FORM OF AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF REORGANIZATION
This Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Agreement”) is made as of [______], by and between Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“MFVIT”), on behalf of its series identified in Exhibit A (the “New Fund”), and Northern Lights Fund Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (“NLFT”), on behalf of its series identified in Exhibit A hereto (the “Existing Fund”), (the Agreement and transactions contemplated hereunder for the Existing Fund and the New Fund, hereinafter called a “Reorganization”). This Agreement shall be treated as if the Reorganization between the Existing Fund and the New Fund contemplated hereby had been the subject of a separate agreement.
PLAN OF REORGANIZATION
| (a) | The Existing Fund will sell, assign, convey, transfer and deliver to the New Fund on the Exchange Date (as defined in Section 6) all of its properties, investments and other assets, whether contingent or otherwise, existing at the Valuation Time (as defined in Section 3(c)) (the “Assets”). In consideration therefor, the New Fund shall, on the Exchange Date, (i) issue and deliver to the Existing Fund a number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest of the corresponding classes of shares of the New Fund, as indicated in Exhibit A hereto (the “New Fund Shares”), having an aggregate net asset value equal to the value of the Assets of Existing Fund transferred to New Fund on such date less the value of the Liabilities (as defined below) of Existing Fund assumed by New Fund on such date, and (ii) assume certain enumerated liabilities of Existing Fund as set forth on the balance sheet of Existing Fund as of the Exchange Date (the “Liabilities”). It is intended that the Reorganization described in this Agreement shall be a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. |
| (b) | Upon consummation of the transactions described in paragraph (a) above, the Existing Fund shall distribute New Fund Shares to its shareholders of record as of the Exchange Date in complete liquidation of the Existing Fund, the shareholder of a class of shares of the Existing Fund being entitled to receive a proportion of the class of New Fund Shares to which such class of Existing Fund shares relates, which proportion is determined by dividing the number of shares of beneficial interest of the particular share class of the Existing Fund held by such shareholder divided by the number of shares of such share class of the Existing Fund outstanding on such date. The Existing Fund shareholder will receive the class of New Fund Shares set forth on Exhibit A hereto that corresponds to the class of Existing Fund shares held by such shareholder. Certificates representing the New Fund Shares will not be issued. All issued and outstanding shares of the Existing Fund and all Existing Fund shares held in treasury will immediately thereafter be redeemed and cancelled on the books of the Existing Fund. |
AGREEMENT
The Existing Fund and the New Fund agree as follows:
1. Representations and warranties of the New Fund.
MFVIT, on behalf of the New Fund, represents and warrants to and agrees with the Existing Fund that:
| (a) | New Fund is a duly established series of MFVIT, a statutory trust duly established and validly existing under the laws of State of Delaware, and has power (or will have power after its establishment) to own all of its properties and assets and to carry out its obligations under this Agreement. MFVIT has and New Fund has (or will have after its establishment and effectiveness of its registration statement on Form N-1A) all necessary federal, state and local authorizations to carry on its business as an investment company and as now being conducted and to carry out this Agreement. |
| (b) | MFVIT is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as an open-end management investment company, and such registration has not been revoked or rescinded and is in full force and effect, and the registration of the New Fund Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), is in full force and effect. |
| (c) | MFVIT and New Fund are not in violation in any material respect of any provisions of MFVIT’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust or Bylaws or any agreement, indenture, instrument, contract, lease or other undertaking to which MFVIT or New Fund is a party or by which MFVIT or New Fund or their respective assets are bound, and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement will not result in any such violation. |
| (d) | The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by the Board of Trustees of MFVIT and by all other necessary trust action on the part of MFVIT and New Fund, and this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of MFVIT on behalf of New Fund enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as the |
same may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and other equitable principles.
| (e) | There are no material legal, administrative or other proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of MFVIT or New Fund, threatened against MFVIT in respect of New Fund or any of its properties or assets or against any person who MFVIT in respect of New Fund may be obligated to directly or indirectly indemnify in connection with such proceedings or investigations. Neither MFVIT nor New Fund knows of any facts or circumstances that might form the basis for the initiation of any such proceedings or investigations of or before any court or government body against MFVIT in respect of New Fund or any of New Fund’s properties or assets or any person whom MFVIT in respect of New Fund may be obligated to directly or indirectly indemnify in connection with such proceedings or investigations. MFVIT in respect of New Fund is not a party to or subject to the provision of any order, decree or judgment of any court or government body which materially and adversely affects New Fund’s business or New Fund’s ability to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. There are no material legal, administrative or other proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of MFVIT or New Fund, threatened against MFVIT or any of its properties or assets, that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the ability of MFVIT or New Fund to perform their obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. |
| (f) | As of the Exchange Date, New Fund has no known liabilities of a material nature, contingent or otherwise, other than liabilities incurred pursuant to this Agreement. |
| (g) | No consent, approval, authorization, filing or order of any court or governmental authority is required for the consummation by MFVIT on behalf of New Fund of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except such as may be required under the laws of the State of Delaware, the 1933 Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), the 1940 Act, state securities or blue sky laws (which term as used herein shall include the laws of the District of Columbia and of Puerto Rico) or the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the “H-S-R Act”). |
| (h) | As of the effective date of the registration statement on Form N-14 of MFVIT on behalf of New Fund (the “Registration Statement”), the date of the meeting of the shareholders of the Existing Fund and the Exchange Date, the prospectus of New Fund and proxy statement of Existing Fund included in the Registration Statement (the “Prospectus/Proxy Statement”) and the Registration Statement including the documents contained or incorporated therein by reference, insofar as they relate to MFVIT or New Fund, (i) will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading and (ii) will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; provided, however, that none of the representations and warranties in this Subsection shall apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Existing Fund to New Fund specifically for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement and approved by an officer of NLFT for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement. |
| (i) | The registration statement of MFVIT on Form N-1A on behalf of New Fund, and the prospectus and statement of additional information of the New Fund included therein (collectively, the “New Fund Materials”), will conform in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, and will not as of the effective date thereof or the Exchange Date contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made, not misleading; provided, however, that none of the representations and warranties in this Subsection shall apply to statements in or omissions from the New Fund Materials made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing by Existing Fund to New Fund specifically for use in the New Fund Materials and approved by an officer of NLFT for use in the New Fund Materials, including the accuracy of performance and financial information with respect to Existing Fund. |
| (j) | There are no material contracts outstanding to which New Fund is a party, other than as will be disclosed in, included as exhibits in or incorporated by reference into, any of MFVIT’s registration statement on Form N-1A and the Registration Statement and Prospectus/Proxy Statement. |
| (k) | New Fund was established by the trustees of MFVIT in order to effect the transactions described in this Agreement. New Fund was formed solely for the purpose of consummating the Reorganization with the Existing Fund, will not hold more than a nominal amount of assets necessary to facilitate its organization and will not carry on any business activities (other than such activities as are customary to the organization of a new series of a registered investment company prior to its commencement of investment operations) between the date hereof and the Exchange Date. |
| (l) | As of the Exchange Date, New Fund will have no shares of beneficial interest issued and outstanding prior to the consummation of the Reorganization. On and after the Exchange Date, the authorized capital of New Fund will consist of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest, no par value per share. The New Fund Shares to be issued to Existing |
Fund pursuant to this Agreement will have been duly authorized and, when issued and delivered pursuant to this Agreement, will be legally and validly issued and will be fully paid and, except as set forth in such New Fund’s registration statement on Form N-1A, non-assessable by New Fund, and no shareholder of New Fund will have any preemptive right of subscription or purchase in respect thereof. Further, the issuance of such New Fund Shares will be in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws, including blue sky laws.
| (m) | As of the Exchange Date, no federal, state or other tax returns of New Fund will have been required by law to be filed and no federal, state or other taxes will be due by New Fund; New Fund will not have been required to pay any assessments; and New Fund will not have any tax liabilities. Consequently, as of the Exchange Date, New Fund will not have any tax deficiency or liability asserted against it or question with respect thereto raised, and New Fund will not be under audit by the Internal Revenue Service or by any state or local tax authority for taxes in excess of those already paid. |
| (n) | New Fund intends to meet the requirements of Subchapter M of the Code for qualification and treatment as a “regulated investment company” within the meaning of Section 851 et seq. of the Code in respect of the taxable year, and will not take any action inconsistent with meeting such requirements at any time through the Exchange Date. Upon filing its first income tax return at the completion of its first taxable year, New Fund will elect to be a “regulated investment company” under Section 851 of the Code. New Fund currently is not liable for any material income or excise tax pursuant to Section 852 or 4982 of the Code. New Fund intends to comply in all material respects with applicable regulations of the Internal Revenue Service pertaining to the reporting of dividends and other distributions on and redemptions of its shares of beneficial interest and to withholding in respect of dividends and other distributions to shareholders and to avoid any potential material penalties that could be imposed thereunder. |
| (o) | New Fund agrees to use all reasonable efforts to obtain the approvals and authorizations required by the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, and any state, blue sky or securities law as it may deem appropriate in order to continue its operations after the Exchange Date. |
2. Representations and warranties of the Existing Fund.
NLFT, on behalf of the Existing Fund, represents and warrants to and agrees with the New Fund that:
| (a) | Existing Fund is a duly designated series of NLFT, a statutory trust duly established and validly existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and has power to own all of its properties and assets and to carry out its obligations under this Agreement. NLFT is qualified as a foreign corporation in every jurisdiction where required except to the extent that failure to so qualify would not have a material adverse effect on NLFT or Existing Fund. Each of NLFT and Existing Fund has all necessary federal, state and local authorizations to carry on its business as an investment company and as now being conducted and to carry out this Agreement. |
| (b) | NLFT is registered under the 1940 Act as an open-end management investment company, and such registration has not been revoked or rescinded and is in full force and effect, and the registration of its shares under the 1933 Act is in full force and effect. |
| (c) | A statement of assets and liabilities, statement of operations, statement of changes in net assets and schedule of portfolio holdings (indicating their market values) of Existing Fund for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, such statements and schedule having been audited by Cohen & Company, Ltd., independent registered public accounting firm, have been furnished to New Fund. Such statements of assets and liabilities and schedules of investments fairly present the financial condition of Existing Fund as of the dates thereof, and such statements of operations and changes in net assets fairly reflect the results of its operations and changes in net assets for the periods covered thereby in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. |
| (d) | Existing Fund currently complies in all material respects with, and since its organization has complied in all material respects with, the requirements of, and the rules and regulations under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act. Existing Fund currently complies in all material respects with, and since its organization has complied in all material respects with, the requirements of, and the rules and regulations under the “federal securities laws”, as such term is defined in Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act (other than the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act), state laws, including state blue sky laws, the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and those of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”). Existing Fund currently complies in all material respects with, and since its organization has complied in all material respects with, all investment objectives, policies, guidelines and restrictions and any compliance procedures established by NLFT with respect to Existing Fund. All advertising and sales material used by Existing Fund complies in all material respects with and, since its first date of use, has complied in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1940 Act, the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), and, to the extent applicable, the Conduct Rules of FINRA and any applicable state regulatory authority, except where the failure to so comply would not have a material adverse effect. All registration statements, prospectuses and statements of additional information (including the prospectus and statement of |
additional information dated July 29, 2016, previously furnished to New Fund, as modified by any amendment or supplement thereto or any superseding prospectus or statement of additional information in respect thereof, which will be furnished to New Fund (collectively, the “Existing Fund Prospectus”)), reports, proxy materials or other filings required to be made or filed with the Commission, FINRA or any state securities authorities by Existing Fund have been duly filed and have been approved or declared effective, if such approval or declaration of effectiveness is required by law. Such registration statements, prospectuses, statements of additional information, the Existing Fund Prospectus, reports, proxy materials and other filings under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act (i) are, as of the date hereof, or were, and with respect to the Existing Fund Prospectus, will be, in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of all applicable statutes and the rules and regulations thereunder, and, (ii) do not, as of the date hereof, or did not, and with respect to the Existing Fund Prospectus, will not, as of the Exchange Date, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances in which such statements were made, not misleading.
| (e) | Except as otherwise disclosed in writing to New Fund, there are no material legal, administrative or other proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of NLFT or Existing Fund, threatened against NLFT in respect of Existing Fund or any of its properties or assets or against any person who NLFT in respect of Existing Fund may be obligated to directly or indirectly indemnify in connection with such proceedings or investigations. Neither NLFT nor Existing Fund knows of any facts or circumstances that might form the basis for the initiation of any such proceedings or investigations of or before any court or government body against NLFT in respect of Existing Fund or any of Existing Fund’s properties or assets or any person whom NLFT in respect of Existing Fund may be obligated to directly or indirectly indemnify in connection with such proceedings or investigations. NLFT in respect of Existing Fund is not a party to or subject to the provision of any order, decree or judgment of any court or government body which materially and adversely affects Existing Fund’s business or Existing Fund’s ability to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. There are no material legal, administrative or other proceedings or investigations pending or, to the knowledge of NLFT or Existing Fund, threatened against NLFT or any of its properties or assets, that are likely to have a material adverse effect on the ability of NLFT or Existing Fund to perform their obligations under this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. |
| (f) | Existing Fund has no known liabilities of a material nature, contingent or otherwise, other than those shown as belonging to it on its statement of assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2016, those incurred pursuant to this Agreement, and those incurred in the ordinary course of Existing Fund’s business as an investment company since such date. Prior to the Exchange Date, Existing Fund will advise New Fund of all material liabilities, contingent or otherwise, incurred by it subsequent to March 31, 2016, whether or not incurred in the ordinary course of business. |
| (g) | No consent, approval, authorization, filing or order of any court or governmental authority is required for the consummation by Existing Fund of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except such as may be required under the laws of the State of Delaware, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, state securities or blue sky laws, or the H-S-R Act. |
| (h) | Existing Fund has provided New Fund with written information reasonably necessary for the preparation of the Prospectus/Proxy Statement included in the Registration Statement, in connection with the meeting of the shareholders of the Existing Fund to approve this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. All such written information provided by Existing Fund to New Fund complies in all material respects with the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act. As of the effective date of the Registration Statement, the date of the meeting of the shareholders of the Existing Fund and the Exchange Date, the Prospectus/Proxy Statement and the Registration Statement including the documents contained or incorporated therein by reference and provided to New Fund, insofar as they relate to NLFT or Existing Fund, (i) will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading and (ii) will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; provided, however, that none of the representations and warranties in this Subsection shall apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished by New Fund to Existing Fund for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement or made without the permission of NLFT. |
| (i) | There are no material contracts outstanding to which Existing Fund is a party, other than as disclosed in, included as exhibits in or incorporated by reference into, any of the registration statement on Form N-1A of Existing Fund, the Existing Fund Prospectus and the Registration Statement and Prospectus/Proxy Statement. |
| (j) | NLFT and Existing Fund are not in violation in any material respect of any provisions of NLFT’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust or Bylaws or any agreement, indenture, instrument, contract, lease or other undertaking to which NLFT or Existing Fund is a party or by which NLFT or Existing Fund or their respective Assets are bound, and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement will not result in any such violation. |
| (k) | All issued and outstanding shares of the beneficial interest of Existing Fund are, and at the Exchange Date will be, duly and validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and non-assessable, and will have been issued in compliance with all applicable registration requirements of federal and state securities laws, including blue sky laws. |
| (l) | As of the Exchange Date, (i) Existing Fund has filed or will have filed all federal, state and other tax returns or reports that are required to be filed by Existing Fund by such date (after giving effect to any extensions); (ii) all such returns and reports were or will have been timely filed and were or will have been true, correct and complete in all material respects; and (iii) Existing Fund has timely paid or will have timely paid all federal, state or other taxes shown to be due on said returns or on any assessments received by Existing Fund. All tax liabilities of Existing Fund have been adequately provided for on its books, and to the knowledge of Existing Fund, no tax deficiency or liability of Existing Fund has been asserted, and no question with respect thereto has been raised, by the Internal Revenue Service or by any state or local tax authority for taxes in excess of those already paid. To the best of Existing Fund’s knowledge, as of the Exchange Date, Existing Fund will not be under any audit by the Internal Revenue Service or by any state or local tax authority for taxes in excess of those already paid. |
| (m) | Existing Fund has met the requirements of Subchapter M of the Code for qualification and treatment as a “regulated investment company” within the meaning of Section 851 et seq. of the Code in respect of the taxable year since the commencement of operations, and will continue meeting such requirements at all times through the Exchange Date. Existing Fund has not at any time since its inception been liable for, and is not now liable for, any material income or excise tax pursuant to Section 852 or 4982 of the Code. Existing Fund is in compliance in all material respects with applicable regulations of the Internal Revenue Service pertaining to the reporting of dividends and other distributions on and redemptions of its shares of beneficial interest and to withholding in respect of dividends and other distributions to shareholders, and is not liable for any material penalties that could be imposed thereunder. |
| (n) | At both the Valuation Time (as defined below) and the Exchange Date (as defined below), Existing Fund will have full right, power and authority to sell, assign, transfer and deliver the Assets and Liabilities of Existing Fund to be transferred to New Fund pursuant to this Agreement. At the Exchange Date, subject only to the delivery of the Assets and Liabilities as contemplated by this Agreement, New Fund will acquire the Assets and Liabilities subject to no encumbrances, liens or security interests whatsoever and without any restrictions upon the transfer thereof. |
| (o) | Existing Fund has not been granted any waiver, extension or comparable consent regarding the application of the statute of limitations with respect to any taxes or tax return that is outstanding, nor has any request for such waiver or consent been made with respect to any such taxes or tax return, except as otherwise disclosed in writing to New Fund. |
| (p) | No registration under the 1933 Act of any of the Investments (as defined below) would be required if they were, as of the time of such transfer, the subject of a public distribution by either of New Fund or Existing Fund, except as previously disclosed to New Fund by Existing Fund. |
| (q) | Existing Fund does not own any “converted property” (as that term is defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.337(d)-7(a)(1)) that is subject to the rules of Section 1374 of the Code as a consequence of the application of Section 337(d)(1) of the Code and Treasury Regulations thereunder. |
| (r) | The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement has been duly authorized by the Board of Trustees of NLFT and by all other necessary trust action on the part of NLFT and Existing Fund, other than shareholder approval as required by Section 7 hereof, and subject to such shareholder approval, this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of NLFT and Existing Fund enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as the same may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and other equitable principles. |
| (s) | The New Fund Shares to be issued to Existing Fund pursuant to the terms of this Agreement will not be acquired for the purpose of making any distribution thereof other than to Existing Fund shareholders as provided in Section 4(d). |
3. Reorganization.
| (a) | Subject to the requisite approval of the shareholders of the Existing Fund and to the other terms and conditions contained herein, the Existing Fund agrees to sell, assign, convey, transfer and deliver to the New Fund, and New Fund agrees to acquire from Existing Fund, on the Exchange Date, the Assets of Existing Fund in exchange for that number of New Fund Shares provided for in Section 4 and the assumption by New Fund of the Liabilities of Existing Fund. Pursuant to this Agreement, the Existing Fund will, on the Exchange Date, distribute all of the New Fund Shares received by it to the shareholders of Existing Fund, in complete liquidation of Existing Fund. |
| (b) | The Existing Fund will pay or cause to be paid to the New Fund any interest, cash or such dividends, rights and other payments received by Existing Fund on or after the Exchange Date with respect to the Assets of Existing Fund received by New Fund on or after the Exchange Date. Any such distribution shall be deemed included in the Assets transferred to New Fund at the Exchange Date and shall not be separately valued unless the securities in respect of which such |
distribution is made shall have gone “ex” such distribution prior to the Valuation Time, in which case any such distribution which remains unpaid at the Exchange Date shall be included in the determination of the value of the Assets of Existing Fund acquired by New Fund.
| (c) | The Valuation Time shall be at the close of business of the New York Stock Exchange on [ ], 2016, or such earlier or later day as may be mutually agreed upon in writing by the parties hereto (the “Valuation Time”). For the avoidance of doubt, New Fund acknowledges that Existing Fund reserves the right to sell any of its Assets before the Valuation Time, as it deems necessary or appropriate in the ordinary course of its operations. |
| (d) | New Fund shall cause its adviser or another agent to deliver to the Existing Fund on the date of the Valuation Time a copy of a valuation report, prepared as of the Valuation Time, in respect of the Investments of the Existing Fund, which report shall be prepared in accordance with the procedures that New Fund will use in determining the net asset value of New Fund Shares and that will be disclosed in the registration statement on Form N-1A for New Fund (“New Fund Valuation Procedures”). As used in this Agreement, the term “Investments” shall mean Existing Fund’s investments and cash holdings shown on the schedule of its investments as of March 31, 2016 referred to in Section 2(c) hereof, as supplemented with such changes as Existing Fund shall make, and changes resulting from stock dividends, stock splits, mergers and similar corporate actions. |
| (e) | Any transfer taxes payable upon the issuance of New Fund Shares in a name other than the registered holder of the New Fund Shares on the books of the Existing Fund as of that time shall, as a condition of such issuance and transfer, be paid by the person to whom such New Fund Shares are to be issued and transferred. |
| (f) | The Existing Fund will, at least 30 business days before the Exchange Date, furnish MFVIT, in respect of the New Fund, with a list of the then-held securities of Existing Fund being fair valued by Existing Fund or its administrator or being valued based on broker-dealer quotes obtained by Existing Fund or its administrator. |
4. Exchange Date; Valuation Time.
On the Exchange Date, simultaneously the New Fund will deliver to the Existing Fund the number of full and fractional New Fund Shares having an aggregate net asset value equal to the value of the Assets of Existing Fund transferred to New Fund on such date less the value of the Liabilities of Existing Fund assumed by New Fund on that date. In furtherance of the foregoing:
| (a) | The net asset value of the New Fund Shares to be delivered to Existing Fund, the value of the Assets of Existing Fund to be transferred to New Fund and the value of the Liabilities of Existing Fund to be assumed by New Fund shall in the case be determined as of the Valuation Time. |
| (b) | The net asset value of the New Fund Shares shall be computed and the value of the Assets and Liabilities of Existing Fund shall be determined by New Fund, in cooperation with Existing Fund, pursuant to the New Fund Valuation Procedures and otherwise in accordance with the regular practice of MFVIT and its agents for calculating the net asset value of the series of MFVIT shares of beneficial interest. No sales load, contingent deferred sales charge, commission or other transactional fee will be charged as a result of the Reorganization. |
| (c) | On the Exchange Date, New Fund shall assume the Liabilities of Existing Fund. |
| (d) | Existing Fund shall distribute the New Fund Shares to the shareholders of Existing Fund on the Exchange Date by furnishing written instructions to New Fund’s transfer agent, which will, on the Exchange Date, set up open accounts for the shareholder of Existing Fund in accordance with written instructions furnished by Existing Fund. With respect to any Existing Fund shareholder holding share certificates as of the Exchange Date, if any, New Fund will not permit such shareholder to receive dividends and other distributions on the New Fund Shares (although such dividends and other distributions shall be credited to the account of such shareholder), or pledge such New Fund Shares until such shareholder has surrendered his or her outstanding Existing Fund certificates or, in the event of lost, stolen, or destroyed certificates, posted adequate bond. In the event that a shareholder shall not be permitted to receive dividends and other distributions on the New Fund Shares as provided in the preceding sentence, New Fund shall pay any such dividends or distributions in additional shares, notwithstanding any election such shareholder shall have made previously with respect to the payment, in cash or otherwise, of dividends and distributions on shares of Existing Fund. Existing Fund will, at its expense, request the shareholders of Existing Fund to surrender their outstanding Existing Fund share certificates (if any), or post adequate bond, as the case may be. |
| (e) | Each of NLFT and MFVIT shall deliver to the other such bills of sale, instruments of assumption of liabilities, checks, assignments, share certificates, receipts or other documents as such other party or its counsel may reasonably request in connection with the transfer of Assets, assumption of Liabilities and liquidation contemplated in this Agreement. |
| (f) | As soon as practicable after the Exchange Date, NLFT shall make all filings and take all steps as shall be necessary and proper to effect the termination of the Existing Fund under the laws of the State of Delaware. After the Exchange Date, the Existing Funds shall not conduct any business except in connection with its dissolution. |
5. Expenses, fees, etc.
Rational Advisors, Inc. and Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC shall bear equally the costs, fees and expenses incurred by MFVIT, NLFT and Existing Fund in connection with the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, registration of New Fund Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement, and delivery of and solicitation of approval of Existing Fund shareholders to the Reorganizations pursuant to the Prospectus/Proxy Statement including, without limitation, printing and mailing fees, fees of accountants and attorneys and the costs of holding the Existing Funds’ shareholder meetings and soliciting proxies. Also, Rational Advisors, Inc. and Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC shall bear equally all costs, fees, and expenses incurred in connection with the organization and initial registration of the New Fund and the registration in connection with the Reorganizations of shares of the New Fund to be offered in the Reorganizations, including without limitation, the New Fund Materials filed with the SEC in connection with the Reorganizations (all such costs, fees and expenses set forth above in this Section 5 to be referred to as “Expenses”). Expenses shall be borne on an “as incurred” basis by Rational Advisors, Inc. and Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC. The party, upon closing, shall present to the other party an itemized invoice evidencing its Expenses. The total of the invoices shall be calculated divided by two and to the extent one party has paid more than the other, that party shall be reimbursed by the other party so that the party has paid half of the total amount of Expenses. Notwithstanding any of the foregoing, expenses will in any event be paid by the party directly incurring such expenses if and to the extent that the payment by another party of such expenses would result in the disqualification of the New Fund or the Existing Fund, as the case may be, as a “regulated investment company” within the meaning of Section 851 of the Code. In the event the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are not consummated for any reason, the parties nonetheless shall bear the costs, fees and expenses in the manner provided in this Subsection.
6. Exchange Date.
Delivery of the Assets of the Existing Fund to be transferred, assumption of the Liabilities of the Existing Fund to be assumed and the delivery of the New Fund Shares to be issued shall be made at the offices of [ ], at [7:30 A.M.] on the next full business day following the Valuation Time, or at such other time and date agreed to by a New Fund and an Existing Fund, the date and time upon which such delivery is to take place being referred to herein as the “Exchange Date.”
7. Shareholder approval; dissolution.
| (a) | NLFT, on behalf of the Existing Fund, agrees to solicit the consent of the shareholders of the Existing Fund, as soon as is practicable after the effective date of the Registration Statement and accompanying Prospectus/Proxy Statement for the purpose of approving the matters contemplated by this Agreement. |
| (b) | The Existing Fund agrees that the liquidation, dissolution and termination of such Existing Fund will be effected in the manner provided in the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of NLFT in accordance with applicable law and that on and after the Exchange Date, such Existing Fund shall not conduct any business except in connection with its liquidation, dissolution and termination. |
8. Tax Matters.
| (a) | The Existing Fund will deliver (or cause to be delivered) to the New Fund copies of all relevant tax books and records and will otherwise reasonably cooperate with such New Fund in connection with (i) the preparation and filing of tax returns for Existing Fund for tax periods ending on or before March 31, 2016 and (ii) the declaration and payment of any dividend or dividends, including pursuant to Section 855 of the Code, for purposes of making distributions of Existing Fund’s or New Fund’s, as applicable, (x) investment company taxable income (if any), net tax-exempt income (if any), and net capital gains (if any) in respect of a taxable year of Existing Fund or New Fund ending on or before March 31, 2016 of an amount or amounts sufficient for the Existing Fund to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code and to otherwise avoid the incurrence of any fund-level federal income taxes for any such taxable year and (y) ordinary income and capital gain net income in an amount or amounts sufficient to avoid the incurrence of any fund-level federal excise taxes under Section 4982 of the Code for any calendar year ending on or before December 31, 2015 in any case without any additional consideration therefor; it being understood that such books and records shall remain the property of and may be retained by NLFT following the provision of such copies thereof to the New Fund. |
| (b) | In addition to the Existing Fund’s obligations with respect to tax returns or reports described in paragraph 2(l) above, if a federal, state or other tax return or report of the Existing Fund with respect to the Existing Fund’s taxable year ending on March 31, [2016] (the, a “March 2016 Tax Return”) is due after the Exchange Date (after giving effect to any properly made extension), NLFT shall prepare (or cause to be prepared) such March 2016 Tax Return in such a manner so that the return is true, correct and complete. In addition, no later than thirty (30) days prior to such a March 2016 Tax Return’s due date (after giving effect to any properly made extension), (i) NLFT shall provide the New Fund with a copy of such March 2016 Tax Return, as proposed to be filed with the applicable tax authority, and notify that New Fund of any taxes or other |
fees or assessments (if any) proposed to be shown as due and payable on said March 2016 Tax Return, and (ii) NLFT shall make (or cause to be made) any changes to such March 2016 Tax Return as the New Fund may reasonably request, including, but not limited to, in respect of the amount of any taxes or other fees or assessments (if any) proposed to be shown as due and payable on such September 2016 Tax Return and the amount of any “spillback” dividend election proposed to be made pursuant to Section 855 of the Code, provided any such changes are agreed to by [NEW FUND AUDITOR]. NLFT will timely file (or cause to be timely filed) any such March 2016 Tax Return with the applicable tax authority, and pay (or cause to be paid) any and all taxes or other fees or assessments shown to be due and payable on any such March 2016 Tax Return.
9. Conditions of the New Fund’s obligations.
The obligations of the New Fund hereunder shall be subject to the following conditions:
| (a) | That this Agreement shall have been adopted and the transactions contemplated hereby shall have been approved by (i) the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the trustees of NLFT (including a majority of those trustees who are not “interested persons” of NLFT, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act); and (ii) the requisite vote of the Existing Fund’s outstanding voting securities in accordance with the 1940 Act and the provisions of NLFT’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Bylaws, at a meeting of Existing Fund’s shareholders called for the purpose of acting on the matters set forth in the Prospectus/Proxy Statement. |
| (b) | That the Existing Fund shall have furnished to New Fund a statement of Existing Fund’s Assets and Liabilities, with values determined as provided in Section 4 of this Agreement, together with a list of Investments with their respective tax costs (bases) (including any adjustments thereto), all as of the Valuation Time, certified on Existing Fund’s behalf by NLFT’s President (or any Vice President) and Treasurer (or any Assistant Treasurer), and a certificate of both such officers, dated the Exchange Date, to the effect that as of the Valuation Time and as of the Exchange Date there has been no material adverse change in the financial position of Existing Fund since March 31, 2016, other than changes in the Investments and other assets and properties since that date, changes in the market value of the Investments and other assets of Existing Fund, changes due to net redemptions or changes due to dividends paid or losses from operations. Existing Fund also shall have furnished to New Fund any such other evidence as to the tax cost (basis) (including any adjustments thereto) of Existing Fund’s Investments as New Fund may reasonably request. |
| (c) | That NLFT, on behalf of the Existing Fund, shall have furnished to New Fund a statement, dated the Exchange Date, signed on behalf of Existing Fund by NLFT’s President (or any Vice President) and Treasurer (or any Assistant Treasurer) certifying that as of the Valuation Time and as of the Exchange Date all representations and warranties of NLFT and Existing Fund made in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects as if made at and as of such dates, and that NLFT and Existing Fund have complied with all of the agreements and satisfied all of the conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the of such dates. |
| (d) | That, as of the Exchange Date, there shall not be any material litigation pending or threatened against NLFT or the Existing Fund that would seek to enjoin or otherwise prevent or materially delay the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. |
| (e) | That New Fund shall have received in form reasonably satisfactory to New Fund and dated the Exchange Date, an opinion of Thompson Hine LLP (which opinion will be subject to certain customary qualifications and limitations) substantially to the effect that, on the basis of the existing provisions of the Code, Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, current administrative rules, pronouncements and court decisions, for U.S. federal income tax purposes: (i) New Fund’s acquisition of the Assets in exchange solely for the New Fund Shares and its assumption of the Liabilities, followed by the Existing Fund’s distribution of those shares pro rata to the Shareholders actually or constructively in exchange for their Existing Fund Shares in liquidation of the Existing Fund, will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1) of the Code, and the Existing Fund and New Fund each will be a “party to a reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code; (ii) under Section 1032(a) of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by New Fund upon the receipt of the Assets of the Existing Fund solely in exchange for the New Fund Shares and the assumption by New Fund of the Liabilities of the Existing Fund; (iii) under Section 361 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the Existing Fund upon the transfer of the Existing Fund’s Assets to New Fund solely in exchange for the New Fund Shares and the assumption by New Fund of the Liabilities of the Existing Fund or upon the distribution (whether actual or constructive) of New Fund Shares to the Shareholders in exchange for their Existing Fund shares; (iv) under Section 354(a)(1) of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the shareholders upon the exchange of their Existing Fund shares for the New Fund Shares in liquidation of the Existing Fund pursuant to the Reorganization; (v) under Section 358(a)(1) of the Code, the aggregate adjusted basis of the New Fund Shares received by each shareholder pursuant to the Reorganization will be the same as the aggregate adjusted basis of the Existing Fund Shares held by such shareholder immediately prior to the Reorganization; (vi) under Section 1223(1) of the Code, the holding period of the New Fund |
Shares received by each shareholder in the Reorganization will include the period during which the Existing Fund shares exchanged therefor were held by such shareholder (provided the Existing Fund shares were held as capital assets on the date of the Reorganization); (vii) under Section 362(b) of the Code, the adjusted basis of the Existing Fund’s Assets acquired by New Fund will be the same as the adjusted basis of such assets to the Existing Fund immediately prior to the Reorganization; (viii) under Section 1223(2) of the Code, the holding period of the assets of the Existing Fund in the hands of New Fund will include the period during which those assets were held by the Existing Fund; and (ix) New Fund will succeed to and take into account the items of the Existing Fund described in Section 381(c) of the Code, subject to the conditions and limitations specified in Sections 381, 382, 383 and 384 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. The opinion will be based on factual certifications made by officers of the Existing Fund and New Fund, and on customary assumptions.
| | Notwithstanding the foregoing, the opinion may state that no opinion is expressed regarding: (i) whether New Fund or the Existing Fund qualifies or will qualify as a regulated investment company; (ii) the federal income tax consequences of the payment of Reorganization expenses, except in relation to the qualification of the transfer of the Existing Fund’s Assets to New Fund as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1) of the Code; (iii) whether any federal income tax will imposed or required to be withheld under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 with respect to any Existing Fund shareholder that is a foreign person; (iv) the effect of the Reorganization on the Existing Fund with respect to any transferred asset as to which unrealized gain or loss is required to be recognized for federal income tax purposes at the end of a taxable year (or on the termination or transfer thereof) under a mark-to-market system of accounting (including under Section 1256 of the Code); (v) the effect of the Reorganization on any shareholder of the Existing Fund that is required to recognize unrealized gains or losses for federal income tax purposes under a mark-to-market system of accounting; (vi) whether accrued market discount, if any, on any market discount bonds held by the Existing Fund will be required to be recognized as ordinary income under Section 1276 of the Code as a result of the Reorganization; (vii) whether any gain or loss will be required to be recognized with respect to any Asset that constitutes stock in a passive foreign investment company (within the meaning of Section 1297(a) of the Code); and (viii) any state, local or foreign tax consequences of the Reorganization. |
| (f) | That the Assets of the Existing Fund to be acquired by New Fund will include no Assets which New Fund, by reason of charter limitations or of investment restrictions disclosed in the New Fund Materials in effect on the Exchange Date, may not properly acquire. |
| (g) | That New Fund shall have received from the Commission, any relevant state securities administrator, the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) and the Department of Justice (the “Department”) such order or orders as Thompson Hine LLP deems reasonably necessary or desirable under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, any applicable state securities or blue sky laws and the H-S-R Act in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and that all such orders shall be in full force and effect. |
| (h) | That all actions taken by the Existing Fund in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and all documents incidental thereto, shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the New Fund and Thompson Hine LLP. |
| (i) | That the Existing Fund’s custodian shall have delivered to New Fund a certificate identifying all of the Assets of Existing Fund held by such custodian as of the Valuation Time. |
| (j) | That the Existing Fund’s transfer agent shall have provided to New Fund (i) the originals or true copies of all of the records of Existing Fund in the possession of such transfer agent as of the Exchange Date, (ii) a certificate setting forth the number of shares of Existing Fund outstanding as of the Valuation Time, and (iii) the name and address of the holder of record of any such shares and the number of shares held of record by the such shareholder. |
| (k) | That all of the issued and outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Existing Fund shall have been offered for sale and sold in conformity with all applicable state securities or blue sky laws or, to the extent that any audit of the records of Existing Fund or its transfer agent by New Fund or its agents shall have revealed otherwise, either (i) Existing Fund shall have taken all actions that in the opinion of New Fund or its counsel are necessary to remedy any prior failure on the part of Existing Fund to have offered for sale and sold such shares in conformity with such laws or (ii) Existing Fund shall have furnished (or caused to be furnished) surety, or deposited (or caused to be deposited) assets in escrow, for the benefit of New Fund in amounts sufficient and upon terms satisfactory, in the opinion of New Fund or its counsel, to indemnify New Fund against any expense, loss, claim, damage or liability whatsoever that may be asserted or threatened by reason of such failure on the part of Existing Fund to have offered and sold such shares in conformity with such laws. |
| (l) | That the Existing Fund shall have executed and delivered to New Fund an instrument of transfer dated as of the Exchange Date pursuant to which Existing Fund will assign, transfer and convey the Assets to New Fund on the Exchange Date, as valued in accordance with Section 4 of this Agreement, in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. |
| (n) | That New Fund shall have received a certificate dated the Exchange Date from the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, of NLFT to the effect that such principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, of NLFT have concluded that, based on their evaluation of the effectiveness of NLFT’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-3(c) under the 1940 Act), to the best of their knowledge, the design and operation of such procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by NLFT on Form N-CSR is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and that there have been no changes in NLFT’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 30a-3(d) under the 1940 Act) that occurred since March 31, 2016 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, NLFT’s internal control over financial reporting. |
| (o) | That the Registration Statement and the registration statement of the New Fund on Form N-1A shall have become effective under the 1933 Act, and no stop order suspending such effectiveness shall have been instituted or, to the knowledge of MFVIT or the New Fund, threatened by the Commission. |
| (p) | That, on or prior to the Exchange Date, the Existing Fund shall have declared a dividend or dividends that, together with all previous dividends, shall have the effect of distributing, in distributions qualifying for the dividends paid deduction, (i) all of the excess of (a) the Existing Fund’s interest income excludable from gross income under Section 103(a) of the Code over (b) the Existing Fund’s deductions disallowed under Sections 265 or 171(a)(2) of the Code, (ii) all of the Existing Fund’s investment company taxable income as defined in Section 852 of the Code and (iii) all of the Existing Fund’s net capital gain realized (after reduction for any capital loss carryover); the amounts in (i), (ii) and (iii) shall in any case be computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction and include amounts in respect of both (x) the period beginning April 1, 2016 and ending on the Closing Date, and (y) any prior taxable year of the Existing Fund, to the extent such dividend or dividends are eligible to be treated as paid during such prior year under Section 855(a) of the Code. |
10. Conditions of the Existing Fund’s obligations.
The obligations of the Existing Fund hereunder shall be subject to the following conditions:
| (a) | That this Agreement shall have been adopted and the transactions contemplated hereby shall have been approved by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the trustees of MFVIT (including a majority of those trustees who are not “interested persons” of MFVIT, as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act). |
| (b) | That MFVIT, on behalf of the New Fund, shall have executed and delivered to Existing Fund an assumption of liabilities instrument dated as of the Exchange Date pursuant to which New Fund will assume the Liabilities of Existing Fund at the Valuation Time in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. |
| (c) | That MFVIT, on behalf of the New Fund, shall have furnished to Existing Fund a statement, dated the Exchange Date, signed on behalf of such New Fund by MFVIT’s President (or any Vice President) and Treasurer (or any Assistant Treasurer) certifying that as of the Valuation Time and the Exchange Date all representations and warranties of MFVIT and the New Fund made in this Agreement are true and correct in all material respects as if made at and as of such dates, and that MFVIT and such New Fund have complied with all of the agreements and satisfied all of the conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the of such dates. |
| (d) | That, as of the Exchange Date, there shall not be any material litigation pending or threatened against MFVIT or the New Fund that would seek to enjoin or otherwise prevent or materially delay the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. |
| (e) | (i) New Fund’s acquisition of the Assets in exchange solely for the New Fund Shares and its assumption of the Liabilities, followed by the Existing Fund’s distribution of those shares pro rata to the Shareholders actually or constructively in exchange for their Existing Fund Shares in liquidation of the Existing Fund, will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1) of the Code, and the Existing Fund and New Fund each will be a “party to a reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code; (ii) under Section 1032(a) of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by New Fund upon the receipt of the Assets of the Existing Fund solely in exchange for the New Fund Shares and the assumption by New Fund of the Liabilities of the Existing Fund; (iii) under Section 361 of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the Existing Fund upon the transfer of the Existing Fund’s Assets to New Fund solely in exchange for the New Fund Shares and the assumption by New Fund of the Liabilities of the Existing Fund or upon the distribution (whether actual or constructive) of New Fund Shares to the Shareholders in exchange for their Existing Fund shares; (iv) under Section 354(a)(1) of the Code, no gain or loss will be recognized by the shareholders upon the exchange of their Existing Fund shares for the New Fund Shares in liquidation of the Existing Fund pursuant to the Reorganization; (v) under Section 358(a)(1) of the Code, the aggregate adjusted basis of the New Fund Shares received by each shareholder pursuant to the Reorganization will be the same as the aggregate adjusted basis of the Existing Fund Shares held by such shareholder immediately prior to the Reorganization; (vi) under Section 1223(1) of the Code, the holding period of the New Fund Shares received by each shareholder in the Reorganization will include the period during which |
the Existing Fund shares exchanged therefor were held by such shareholder (provided the Existing Fund shares were held as capital assets on the date of the Reorganization); (vii) under Section 362(b) of the Code, the adjusted basis of the Existing Fund’s Assets acquired by New Fund will be the same as the adjusted basis of such assets to the Existing Fund immediately prior to the Reorganization; (viii) under Section 1223(2) of the Code, the holding period of the assets of the Existing Fund in the hands of New Fund will include the period during which those assets were held by the Existing Fund; and (ix) New Fund will succeed to and take into account the items of the Existing Fund described in Section 381(c) of the Code, subject to the conditions and limitations specified in Sections 381, 382, 383 and 384 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. The opinion will be based on factual certifications made by officers of the Existing Fund and New Fund, and on customary assumptions.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the opinion may state that no opinion is expressed regarding: (i) whether New Fund or the Existing Fund qualifies or will qualify as a regulated investment company; (ii) the federal income tax consequences of the payment of Reorganization expenses, except in relation to the qualification of the transfer of the Existing Fund’s Assets to New Fund as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1) of the Code; (iii) whether any federal income tax will imposed or required to be withheld under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980 with respect to any Existing Fund shareholder that is a foreign person; (iv) the effect of the Reorganization on the Existing Fund with respect to any transferred asset as to which unrealized gain or loss is required to be recognized for federal income tax purposes at the end of a taxable year (or on the termination or transfer thereof) under a mark-to-market system of accounting (including under Section 1256 of the Code); (v) the effect of the Reorganization on any shareholder of the Existing Fund that is required to recognize unrealized gains or losses for federal income tax purposes under a mark-to-market system of accounting; (vi) whether accrued market discount, if any, on any market discount bonds held by the Existing Fund will be required to be recognized as ordinary income under Section 1276 of the Code as a result of the Reorganization; (vii) whether any gain or loss will be required to be recognized with respect to any Asset that constitutes stock in a passive foreign investment company (within the meaning of Section 1297(a) of the Code); and (viii) any state, local or foreign tax consequences of the Reorganization.
| (f) | That all actions taken by or on behalf of the New Fund in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and all documents incidental thereto shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to Existing Fund and Blank Rome LLP. |
| (g) | That the Registration Statement and the registration statement of New Fund on Form N-1A shall have become effective under the 1933 Act, and no stop order suspending such effectiveness shall have been instituted or, to the knowledge of NLFT or the Existing Fund, threatened by the Commission. |
| (h) | That Existing Fund shall have received from the Commission, any relevant state securities administrator, the FTC and the Department such order or orders as Thompson Hine LLP deems reasonably necessary or desirable under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, any applicable state securities or blue sky laws and the H-S-R Act in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and that all such orders shall be in full force and effect. |
| (i) | At least 30 days before the Valuation Time, the New Fund shall have provided to Existing Fund a copy of the New Fund Valuation Procedures. |
| (j) | That NLFT shall maintain liability insurance coverage for the of (i) the current Trustees and officers of NLFT, and (ii) the former Trustees and officers of NLFT that have served within six years of the Exchange Date, for a period of six years commencing on the Exchange Date and at least at the same levels (i.e., the same coverage amounts and deductibles) and on substantially the same terms as the liability insurance NLFT currently maintains for the Trustees and officers of NLFT at no additional expense to the Trustees of NLFT or Existing Fund. Such liability insurance shall be in full force and effect on and after the Exchange Date. |
| (k) | That Rational Advisors, Inc. shall have entered into an expense limitation agreement with MFVIT in respect of the New Fund in the form attached as an exhibit to the registration statement amendment of MFVIT filed on Form N-1A relating to the New Funds, such agreement to be in effect for a term of no less than [two calendar years] from the Exchange Date. |
11. Indemnification.
| (a) | Van Hulzen will indemnify and hold harmless MFVIT, its trustees and its officers (for purposes of this subparagraph, the “Indemnified Parties”) against any and all expenses, losses, claims, damages and liabilities at any time imposed upon or reasonably incurred by any one or more of the Indemnified Parties in connection with, arising out of, or resulting from any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which any one or more of the Indemnified Parties may be involved or with which any one or more of the Indemnified Parties may be threatened by reason of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact relating to NLFT or either Existing Fund contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus/Proxy Statement or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing, in the case, that is provided in writing by Van Hulzen for inclusion in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus/Proxy Statement, or arising out of, or based upon, the |
omission or alleged omission to state in any of the foregoing a material fact relating to NLFT or either Existing Fund required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements relating to NLFT or either Existing Fund therein not misleading, including, without limitation, any amounts paid by any one or more of the Indemnified Parties in a reasonable compromise or settlement of any such claim, action, suit or proceeding, or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding made with the consent of Van Hulzen. The Indemnified Parties will notify Van Hulzen in writing within ten business days after the receipt by any one or more of the Indemnified Parties of any notice of legal process or any suit brought against or claim made against such Indemnified Party as to any matters covered by this Section 11(a). Van Hulzen shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense of any claim, action, suit or proceeding covered by this Section 11(a), or, if it so elects, to assume at its expense by counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Parties the defense of any such claim, action, suit or proceeding, and if Van Hulzen elects to assume such defense, the Indemnified Parties shall be entitled to participate in the defense of any such claim, action, suit or proceeding at their own expense. Van Hulzen’s obligation under this Section 11(a) to indemnify and hold harmless the Indemnified Parties shall constitute a guarantee of payment so that Van Hulzen will pay in the first instance any expenses, losses, claims, damages and liabilities required to be paid by it under this Section 11(a) without the necessity of the Indemnified Parties first paying the same.
12. No broker or finder.
Each of the Existing Fund and the New Fund represent that there is no person who has dealt with it, or NLFT or MFVIT, as applicable, who by reason of such dealings is entitled to any broker’s or finder’s or other similar fee or commission arising out of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
13. Termination.
The Existing Fund and the New Fund may, by mutual consent of the Board of Trustees of NLFT and the Board of Trustees of MFVIT on behalf of Existing Fund and New Fund, respectively, terminate this Agreement. The Existing Fund or the New Fund, after consultation with counsel and by consent of its trustees or an officer authorized by such trustees, may waive any condition to its respective obligations hereunder. If the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have not been substantially completed by [ ], 2016, this Agreement shall automatically terminate on that date unless a later date is agreed to by the Existing Fund and the New Fund. This Agreement shall automatically terminate upon termination of the Purchase Agreement prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby.
14. Covenants, etc. deemed material.
All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made under this Agreement and any certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to have been material and relied upon by the of the parties, notwithstanding any investigation made by them or on their behalf.
15. Sole agreement; amendments.
This Agreement together with the Purchase Agreement and all documents and agreements referred to herein and therein supersedes all previous correspondence and oral communications between the parties regarding the subject matter hereof and constitutes the only understanding with respect to such subject matter. This Agreement may not be amended, nor waiver granted, except by a letter of agreement signed by the party hereto (including Van Hulzen and Managers, solely with respect to any amendments or waivers to the sections identified on the signature page to this Agreement with respect to Van Hulzen or Managers, as the case may be); provided, however, that there shall not be any amendment that by law requires approval by shareholders of a party without obtaining such approval.
16. Governing law.
This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without giving effect to the choice of law provisions therein; provided that, in the case of any conflict between those laws and the federal securities laws, the latter shall govern.
17. Massachusetts business trust.
A copy of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust of MFVIT is on file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed by or on behalf of the trustees of MFVIT on behalf of the New Fund as trustees and not individually, and that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon any of the trustees or officers of MFVIT or shareholders of such New Fund individually, but are binding only upon the assets and property of such New Fund.
18. Assignment.
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns, but no assignment or transfer hereof or of any rights or obligations hereunder shall be made by either party without the written consent of the other party. Nothing herein expressed or implied is intended or shall be construed to confer upon or give any person other than the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns any rights or remedies under or by reason of this Agreement.
19. Notices.
Any notice, report, statement or demand required or permitted by any provision of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be given by facsimile, courier or certified mail addressed to Northern Lights Fund Trust at 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppauge, NY 11788 (Attention: James Ash) and to MFVIT at [ ].
20. Recourse.
All persons dealing with an Existing Fund or a New Fund (each, a “Fund”) must look solely to the property of such Fund for the enforcement of any claims against such Fund, as the trustees, officers, agents and shareholders of either such Fund and the other series of NLFT and MFVIT do not assume any liability for obligations entered into on behalf of any of the Existing Fund or New Funds.
21. Headings.
The section headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.
22. Further Assurances.
Each of NLFT and MFVIT shall use its reasonable best efforts in good faith to take or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or desirable, or advisable under applicable law, so as to permit the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as promptly as practicable and otherwise to enable consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and shall cooperate fully with one another to that end.
The Remainder of this Page Left Intentionally Blank.
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, the of which, when executed and delivered, shall be deemed to be an original.
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Northern Lights Fund Trust, on behalf of its series listed on Exhibit A |
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By: | |
Name: | Andrew Rogers |
Title: | President |
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Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, on behalf of its series listed on Exhibit A |
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By: |
Name: |
Title: |
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Solely with respect to Section 5, Rational Advisors, Inc. |
| |
By: | |
Name: | Andrew Rogers |
Title: | President |
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Solely with respect to Section 5, Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC |
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By: |
Name: |
Title: |
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Exhibit A
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Existing Fund (Share Class) | The New Fund (Share Class) |
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Iron Horse Fund (Class A) | Rational Iron Horse Fund (Class A) |
Iron Horse Fund (Class I) | Rational Iron Horse Fund (Institutional Class) |
EXHIBIT B
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Existing Fund's financial performance for the period of the Fund's operations. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Existing Fund share. The total return in the table represents the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by Cohen & Company Ltd., the Existing Fund's Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, whose report, along with the Fund's financial statements, are included in the Existing Fund's March 31, 2016 annual report, which is available upon request.
Per Share Data and Ratios for a Share of Beneficial Interest Outstanding Throughout Each Period
Class A |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the | | | For the | | | For the | | | For the | | | For the | |
| | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Period Ended | |
| | March 31, 2016 | | | March 31, 2015 | | | March 31, 2014 | | | March 31, 2013 | | | March 31, 2012 (1) | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | $ | 10.21 | | | $ | 11.37 | | | $ | 10.60 | | | $ | 10.22 | | | $ | 10.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Activity from investment operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income (2) | | | 0.02 | | | | 0.06 | | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.11 | | | | 0.06 | |
Net realized and unrealized gain on investments | | | 0.06 | | | | 0.45 | | | | 0.93 | | | | 0.67 | | | | 0.22 | |
Total from investment operations | | | 0.08 | | | | 0.51 | | | | 1.01 | | | | 0.78 | | | | 0.28 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less distributions from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | (0.04 | ) | | | (0.06 | ) | | | (0.08 | ) | | | (0.11 | ) | | | (0.06 | ) |
Net realized gains | | | (0.27 | ) | | | (1.61 | ) | | | (0.16 | ) | | | (0.29 | ) | | | — | |
Total distributions | | | (0.31 | ) | | | (1.67 | ) | | | (0.24 | ) | | | (0.40 | ) | | | (0.06 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | $ | 9.98 | | | $ | 10.21 | | | $ | 11.37 | | | $ | 10.60 | | | $ | 10.22 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total return (3) | | | 0.90 | % | | | 4.51 | % | | | 9.63 | % | | | 7.90 | % | | | 2.79 | % (4) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net assets, at end of period (000s) | | $ | 8,098 | | | $ | 12,223 | | | $ | 11,842 | | | $ | 10,044 | | | $ | 8,511 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets before waiver/recapture | | | 1.86 | % | | | 1.57 | % | | | 1.85 | % (6) | | | 2.51 | % (6) | | | 3.93 | % (6,7) |
Ratio of net expenses to average net assets after waiver/recapture | | | 1.95 | % (5) | | | 1.85 | % (5) | | | 1.85 | % | | | 1.95 | % | | | 1.95 | % (7) |
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | | | 0.22 | % | | | 0.49 | % | | | 0.68 | % | | | 1.11 | % | | | 0.87 | % (7) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate | | | 279 | % | | | 265 | % | | | 114 | % | | | 77 | % | | | 43 | % (4) |
| (1) | The Iron Horse Fund’s Class A shares commenced operations on July 7, 2011. |
| (2) | Per share amounts calculated using the average shares method, which more appropriately presents the per share data for the period. |
| (3) | Total return assumes reinvestment of all dividends and distributions, if any. |
| (4) | Not annualized. |
| (5) | Represent the ratio of expenses to average net assets inclusive of the Advisor’s recapture of waived/reimbursed fees from prior periods. |
| (6) | Represents the ratio of expenses to average net assets absent fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements by the Advisor and/or Administrator. |
| (7) | Annualized. |
Class I |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | For the | | | For the | | | For the | | | For the | | | For the | |
| | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Year Ended | | | Period Ended | |
| | March 31, 2016 | | | March 31, 2015 | | | March 31, 2014 | | | March 31, 2013 | | | March 31, 2012 (1) | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | $ | 10.19 | | | $ | 11.35 | | | $ | 10.58 | | | $ | 10.21 | | | $ | 9.39 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Activity from investment operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income (2) | | | 0.06 | | | | 0.09 | | | | 0.10 | | | | 0.14 | | | | 0.05 | |
Net realized and unrealized gain on investments | | | 0.05 | | | | 0.44 | | | | 0.94 | | | | 0.67 | | | | 0.82 | |
Total from investment operations | | | 0.11 | | | | 0.53 | | | | 1.04 | | | | 0.81 | | | | 0.87 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less distributions from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | (0.05 | ) | | | (0.08 | ) | | | (0.11 | ) | | | (0.15 | ) | | | (0.05 | ) |
Net realized gains | | | (0.27 | ) | | | (1.61 | ) | | | (0.16 | ) | | | (0.29 | ) | | | — | |
Total distributions | | | (0.32 | ) | | | (1.69 | ) | | | (0.27 | ) | | | (0.44 | ) | | | (0.05 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | $ | 9.98 | | | $ | 10.19 | | | $ | 11.35 | | | $ | 10.58 | | | $ | 10.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total return (3) | | | 1.24 | % | | | 4.78 | % | | | 9.91 | % | | | 8.17 | % | | | 9.30 | % (4) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net assets, at end of period (000s) | | $ | 9,417 | | | $ | 28,191 | | | $ | 19,062 | | | $ | 10,825 | | | $ | 9,615 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Ratio of gross expenses to average net assets before waiver/recapture | | | 1.50 | % | | | 1.32 | % | | | 1.60 | % (6) | | | 2.26 | % (6) | | | 2.85 | % (6,7) |
Ratio of net expenses to average net assets after waiver/recapture | | | 1.56 | % (5) | | | 1.60 | % (5) | | | 1.60 | % | | | 1.70 | % | | | 1.70 | % (7) |
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets | | | 0.63 | % | | | 0.73 | % | | | 0.93 | % | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.39 | % (7) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate | | | 279 | % | | | 265 | % | | | 114 | % | | | 77 | % | | | 43 | % (4) |
| (1) | The Iron Horse Fund’s Class I shares commenced operations on November 16, 2011. |
| (2) | Per share amounts calculated using the average shares method, which more appropriately presents the per share data for the period. |
| (3) | Total return assumes reinvestment of all dividends and distributions, if any. |
| (4) | Not annualized. |
| (5) | Represent the ratio of expenses to average net assets inclusive of the Advisor’s recapture of waived/reimbursed fees from prior periods. |
| (6) | Represents the ratio of expenses to average net assets absent fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements by the Advisor and/or Administrator. |
| (7) | Annualized. |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
[ ], 2016
FOR THE REORGANIZATION OF
Iron Horse Fund
A series of Northern Lights Fund Trust
Class A Shares IHRAX
Class I Shares IHRAX
__________________
IN EXCHANGE FOR SHARES OF
Rational Iron Horse[ ] Fund
A series of Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust
Class A Shares [ ]
Institutional Class [ ]
17605 Wright Street
Omaha, NE 68154-1150
This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus but should be read in conjunction with the Proxy Statement/Prospectus dated, [ ], 2016, for the Special Meeting of Shareholders of Northern Lights Fund Trust with respect to the Iron Horse Fund (the "Existing Fund" ) to be held on [SH Meeting Date], 2016. At the Special Meeting, shareholders of the Existing Fund will be asked to consider and approve the proposed Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the "Reorganization Agreement"), by and between Northern Lights Fund Trust, on behalf of the Existing Fund, and Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, on behalf of the Rational Iron HorseFund, a series of the Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust (the “New Fund’). Copies of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus may be obtained at no charge by calling 1-855-754-7940.Unless otherwise indicated, capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined have the same meanings as are given to them in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
Further information about the Existing Fund is contained in the Statement of Additional Information for the Existing Fund dated July 29, 2016. The audited financial statements and related independent registered public accountants' report for Existing Fund contained in the Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2016 are incorporated herein by reference. Copies are available upon request and without charge by calling 1-855-754-7940.
The Statement of Additional Information for the New Fund is not yet effective and is subject to completion. The New Fund has not yet commenced operations and, therefore, has not produced shareholder reports.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
TYPES OF INVESTMENTS | 1 |
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS | 1 |
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS | 1 |
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS | 1 |
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS | 1 |
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR | 1 |
CODES OF ETHICS | 1 |
TRANSFER AGENT, FUND ACCOUNTING AGENT AND ADMINISTRATOR | 1 |
COMPLIANCE SERVICES | 1 |
CUSTODIAN | 1 |
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTIN G FIRM | 1 |
COUNSEL | 1 |
DISTRIBUTOR | 1 |
PROXY VOTING POLICY | 1 |
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER | 1 |
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS | 1 |
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF SHARES | 1 |
REDUCTION OF UP-FRONT SALES CHARGE ON CLASS A SHARES | 1 |
WAIVERS OF UP-FRONT SALES CHARGE ON CLASS A SHARES | 1 |
NEW ASSET VALUE | 1 |
TAX INFORMATION | 1 |
APPENDIX A- DESCRIPTION OF COMMERCIAL PAPER AND BOND RATINGS | 1 |
APPENDIX B – PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES | 1 |
INTRODUCTION
The proposed transaction, if approved by shareholders, will result in: (i) the transfer of all of the assets and liabilities of the Existing Fund in exchange for shares of the New Fund; and (ii) the distribution of shares of the New Fund so received to shareholders of the Existing Fund.
Under the Reorganization, the Existing Fund is proposed to be reorganized into the New Fund. Pro forma financial information has not been prepared for the Reorganization because the Existing Fund will be reorganized into the New Fund, a newly-organized shell, with no assets and liabilities that will commence investment operations upon completion of the Reorganization and continue the operations of the Existing Fund. The Existing Fund will be the accounting survivor after the Reorganization.
Mutual Fund & Variable Insurance Trust (the “Trust”) is a Delaware statutory trust, which was formed on June 23, 2006. The Trust is registered under the 1940 Act, as an open-end management investment company. As of the date of this SAI, the Trust operates eight separate series or mutual funds - five retail portfolios and three variable annuity portfolios (the “VA Funds”), each with its own investment objective and strategy. The Fund is diversified. .
Rational Advisors, Inc. (the "Advisor", acts as investment advisor to the Fund.
Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC acts as the sub-advisor to the Fund
The Trust does not issue share certificates. All shares are held in non-certificate form registered on the books of the Trust and the Trust’s transfer agent for the account of the shareholder. Each share of a series represents an equal proportionate interest in the assets and liabilities belonging to the applicable class of that series and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of income belonging to the applicable class of that series as are declared by the Trustees. The shares do not have cumulative voting rights or any preemptive or conversion rights, and the Trustees have the authority from time to time to divide or combine the shares of any series into a greater or lesser number of shares of that series so long as the proportionate beneficial interest in the assets belonging to that series and the rights of shares of any other series are in no way affected. In case of any liquidation of a series, the holders of shares of the series being liquidated will be entitled to receive as a class a distribution out of the assets, net of the liabilities, belonging to that series. Expenses attributable to any class of a series are borne by that class, and thus the net asset values per share of the classes may differ. There can be no assurance that a series will grow to an economically viable size, in which case the Trustees may determine to liquidate the series at a time that may not be opportune for shareholders. Any general expenses of the Trust not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular series are allocated by or under the direction of the Trustees in such manner as the Trustees determine to be fair and equitable. No shareholder is liable to further calls or to assessment by the Trust without his or her express consent.
The Fund offers three classes of shares: Class A, Class C and Class I shares. Each share class represents an interest in the same assets of the Fund, has the same rights and is identical in all material respects except that (i) each class of shares may bear different distribution fees; (ii) each class of shares may be subject to different (or no) sales charges; (iii) certain other class specific expenses will be borne solely by the class to which such expenses are attributable; and (iv) each class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to its own distribution arrangements. The Board of Trustees may classify and reclassify the shares of the Fund into additional classes of shares at a future date.
TYPES OF INVESTMENTS
The investment objective of the Fund and a description of its principal investment strategies are set forth under “Investment Objective, Principal Investment Strategies, Related Risks” in the Prospectus. The Fund’s investment objective is not a fundamental policy and may be changed without the approval of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust.
The following pages contain more detailed information about the types of instruments in which the Fund may invest, strategies the Adviser may employ in pursuit of the Fund’s investment objective and a summary of related risks.
Equity Securities
Equity securities in which the Fund invests include common stocks, preferred stocks and securities convertible into common stocks, such as convertible bonds, warrants, rights and options. The value of equity securities varies in response to many factors, including the activities and financial condition of individual companies, the business market in which individual companies compete and general market and economic conditions. Equity securities fluctuate in value, often based on factors unrelated to the value of the issuer of the securities, and such fluctuations can be significant.
Common Stock
Common stock represents an equity (ownership) interest in a company, and usually possesses voting rights and earns dividends. Dividends on common stock are not fixed but are declared at the discretion of the issuer. Common stock generally represents the riskiest investment in a company. In addition, common stock generally has the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential because increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company's stock price.
Preferred Stock
The Fund may invest in preferred stock with no minimum credit rating. Preferred stock is a class of stock having a preference over common stock as to the payment of dividends and the recovery of investment should a company be liquidated, although preferred stock is usually junior to the debt securities of the issuer. Preferred stock typically does not possess voting rights and its market value may change based on changes in interest rates.
The fundamental risk of investing in common and preferred stock is the risk that the value of the stock might decrease. Stock values fluctuate in response to the activities of an individual company or in response to general market and/or economic conditions. Historically, common stocks have provided greater long-term returns and have entailed greater short-term risks than preferred stocks, fixed-income securities and money market investments. The market value of all securities, including common and preferred stocks, is based upon the market's perception of value and not necessarily the book value of an issuer or other objective measures of a company's worth.
Convertible Securities
The Fund may invest in convertible securities with no minimum credit rating. Convertible securities include fixed income securities that may be exchanged or converted into a predetermined number of shares of the issuer's underlying common stock at the option of the holder during a specified period. Convertible securities may take the form of convertible preferred stock, convertible bonds or debentures, units consisting of "usable" bonds and warrants or a combination of the features of several of these securities. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuer’s capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed-income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar nonconvertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible security’s underlying common stock.
Depositary Receipts
The Fund may invest in sponsored and unsponsored American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), which are receipts issued by an American bank or trust company evidencing ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign issuer. ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in U.S. securities markets. Unsponsored ADRs may
be created without the participation of the foreign issuer. Holders of these ADRs generally bear all the costs of the ADR facility, whereas foreign issuers typically bear certain costs in a sponsored ADR. The bank or trust company depositary of an unsponsored ADR may be under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the foreign issuer or to pass through voting rights.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants. Warrants are options to purchase common stock at a specific price (usually at a premium above the market value of the optioned common stock at issuance) valid for a specific period of time. Warrants may have a life ranging from less than one year to twenty years, or they may be perpetual. However, most warrants have expiration dates after which they are worthless. In addition, a warrant is worthless if the market price of the common stock does not exceed the warrant's exercise price during the life of the warrant. Warrants have no voting rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. The percentage increase or decrease in the market price of the warrant may tend to be greater than the percentage increase or decrease in the market price of the optioned common stock.
Fixed Income Securities
Yields on fixed income securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general conditions of the money market and other fixed income securities markets, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. An investment in the Fund will be subjected to risk even if all fixed income securities in the Fund's portfolio are paid in full at maturity. All fixed income securities, including U.S. Government securities, can change in value when there is a change in interest rates or the issuer's actual or perceived creditworthiness or ability to meet its obligations.
There is normally an inverse relationship between the market value of securities sensitive to prevailing interest rates and actual changes in interest rates. In other words, an increase in interest rates produces a decrease in market value. The longer the remaining maturity (and duration) of a security, the greater will be the effect of interest rate changes on the market value of that security. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the markets' perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. Obligations of issuers of fixed income securities (including municipal securities) are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978. In addition, the obligations of municipal issuers may become subject to laws enacted in the future by Congress, state legislatures, or referenda extending the time for payment of principal and/or interest, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations or upon the ability of municipalities to levy taxes. Changes in the ability of an issuer to make payments of interest and principal and in the market's perception of an issuer's creditworthiness will also affect the market value of the debt securities of that issuer. The possibility exists, therefore, that, the ability of any issuer to pay, when due, the principal of and interest on its debt securities may become impaired.
The corporate debt securities in which the Fund may invest include corporate bonds and notes and short-term investments such as commercial paper and variable rate demand notes. Commercial paper (short-term promissory notes) is issued by companies to finance their or their affiliate's current obligations and is frequently unsecured. Variable and floating rate demand notes are unsecured obligations redeemable upon not more than 30 days' notice. These obligations include master demand notes that permit investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement with the issuer of the instrument. The issuer of these obligations often has the right, after a given period, to prepay the outstanding principal amount of the obligations upon a specified number of days' notice. These obligations generally are not traded, nor generally is there an established secondary market for these obligations. To the extent a demand note does not have a 7-day or shorter demand feature and there is no readily available market for the obligation, it is treated as an illiquid security.
Certificates of Deposit and Bankers’ Acceptances
The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, which are considered to be short-term money market instruments.
Certificates of deposit are receipts issued by a depository institution in exchange for the deposit of funds. The issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the receipt on the date specified on the certificate. The certificate usually can be traded in the secondary market prior to maturity. Bankers’ acceptances typically arise from short-term credit arrangements designed to enable businesses to obtain funds to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an earning asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of discount for a specific maturity. Although maturities for acceptances can be as long as 270 days, most acceptances have maturities of six months or less.
Commercial Paper
The Fund may purchase commercial paper. Commercial paper consists of short-term (usually from 1 to 270 days) unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations in order to finance their current operations.
Information on Time Deposits and Variable Rate Notes
The Fund may invest in fixed time deposits, whether or not subject to withdrawal penalties.
The commercial paper obligations which the Fund may buy are unsecured and may include variable rate notes. The nature and terms of a variable rate note (i.e., a “Master Note”) permit the Fund to invest fluctuating amounts at varying rates of interest pursuant to a direct arrangement between the Fund as Lender, and the issuer, as borrower. It permits daily changes in the amounts borrowed. The Fund has the right at any time to increase, up to the full amount stated in the note agreement, or to decrease the amount outstanding under the note. The issuer may prepay at any time and without penalty any part of or the full amount of the note. The note may or may not be backed by one or more bank letters of credit. Because these notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and the issuer, it is not generally contemplated that they will be traded; moreover, there is currently no secondary market for them. Except as specifically provided in the Prospectus, there is no limitation on the type of issuer from whom these notes may be purchased; however, in connection with such purchase and on an ongoing basis, the Fund’s Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuer, and its ability to pay principal and interest on demand, including a situation in which all holders of such notes made demand simultaneously. Variable rate notes are subject to the Fund’s investment restriction on illiquid securities unless such notes can be put back to the issuer on demand within seven days.
Insured Bank Obligations
The Fund may invest in insured bank obligations. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insures the deposits of federally insured banks and savings and loan associations (collectively referred to as “banks”) up to $250,000. The Fund may purchase bank obligations, which are fully insured as to principal by the FDIC. Currently, to remain fully insured as to principal, these investments must be limited to $250,000 per bank; if the principal amount and accrued interest together exceed $250,000, the excess principal and accrued interest will not be insured. Insured bank obligations may have limited marketability.
United States Government Obligations
These consist of various types of marketable securities issued by the United States Treasury, i.e., bills, notes and bonds. Such securities are direct obligations of the United States government and differ mainly in the
length of their maturity. Treasury bills, the most frequently issued marketable government security, have a maturity of up to one year and are issued on a discount basis.
United States Government Agency
These consist of debt securities issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the United States government, including the various types of instruments currently outstanding or which may be offered in the future. Agencies include, among others, the Federal Housing Administration, government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Farmer's Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Maritime Administration, and General Services Administration. Instrumentalities include, for example, each of the Federal Home Loan Banks, the National Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC"), the Farm Credit Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), and the United States Postal Service. These securities are either: (i) backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government (e.g., United States Treasury Bills); (ii) guaranteed by the United States Treasury (e.g., GNMA mortgage-backed securities); (iii) supported by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's right to borrow from the United States Treasury (e.g., FNMA Discount Notes); or (iv) supported only by the issuing agency's or instrumentality's own credit (e.g., Tennessee Valley Association).
Government-related guarantors (i.e. not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government) include FNMA and FHLMC. FNMA is a government-sponsored corporation owned entirely by private stockholders. It is subject to general regulation by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. FNMA purchases conventional (i.e., not insured or guaranteed by any government agency) residential mortgages from a list of approved seller/servicers which include state and federally chartered savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, commercial banks and credit unions and mortgage bankers. Pass-though securities issued by FNMA are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government.
FHLMC was created by Congress in 1970 for the purpose of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing. It is a government-sponsored corporation formerly owned by the twelve Federal Home Loan Banks and now owned entirely by private stockholders. FHLMC issues Participation Certificates (“PCs”), which represent interests in conventional mortgages from FHLMC’s national portfolio. FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of principal, but PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government. Commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers also create pass-though pools of conventional residential mortgage loans. Such issuers may, in addition, be the originators and/or servicers of the underlying mortgage loans as well as the guarantors of the mortgage-related securities. Pools created by such nongovernmental issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the former pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers.
Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund’s investments in an underlying portfolio of exchange traded funds (“ETFs”), mutual funds and closed-end funds involve certain additional expenses and certain tax results, which would not be present in a direct investment in the underlying funds.
Closed-End Investment Companies.
The Fund may invest its assets in "closed-end" investment companies (or “closed-end funds”), subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The Fund may purchase in the aggregate only up to 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any closed-end fund. Shares of closed-end funds are typically offered to the public in a one-time initial public offering by a group of underwriters who retain a spread or underwriting commission of
between 4% or 6% of the initial public offering price. Such securities are then listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System (commonly known as "NASDAQ") and, in some cases, may be traded in other over-the-counter markets. Because the shares of closed-end funds cannot be redeemed upon demand to the issuer like the shares of an open-end investment company (such as the Fund), investors seek to buy and sell shares of closed-end funds in the secondary market.
The Fund generally will purchase shares of closed-end funds only in the secondary market. The Fund will incur normal brokerage costs on such purchases similar to the expenses the Fund would incur for the purchase of securities of any other type of issuer in the secondary market. The Fund may, however, also purchase securities of a closed-end fund in an initial public offering when, in the opinion of the Adviser, based on a consideration of the nature of the closed-end fund's proposed investments, the prevailing market conditions and the level of demand for such securities, they represent an attractive opportunity for growth of capital. The initial offering price typically will include a dealer spread, which may be higher than the applicable brokerage cost if the Fund purchased such securities in the secondary market.
The shares of many closed-end funds, after their initial public offering, frequently trade at a price per share, which is less than the net asset value per share, the difference representing the "market discount" of such shares. This market discount may be due in part to the investment objective of long-term appreciation, which is sought by many closed-end funds, as well as to the fact that the shares of closed-end funds are not redeemable by the holder upon demand to the issuer at the next determined net asset value but rather are subject to the principles of supply and demand in the secondary market. A relative lack of secondary market purchasers of closed-end fund shares also may contribute to such shares trading at a discount to their net asset value.
The Fund may invest in shares of closed-end funds that are trading at a discount to net asset value or at a premium to net asset value. There can be no assurance that the market discount on shares of any closed-end fund purchased by the Fund will ever decrease. In fact, it is possible that this market discount may increase and the Fund may suffer realized or unrealized capital losses due to further decline in the market price of the securities of such closed-end funds, thereby adversely affecting the net asset value of the Fund's shares. Similarly, there can be no assurance that any shares of a closed-end fund purchased by the Fund at a premium will continue to trade at a premium or that the premium will not decrease subsequent to a purchase of such shares by the Fund.
Closed-end funds may issue senior securities (including preferred stock and debt obligations) for the purpose of leveraging the closed-end fund's common shares in an attempt to enhance the current return to such closed-end fund's common shareholders. The Fund's investment in the common shares of closed-end funds that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on its investment, but at the same time may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and net asset value than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure.
Open-End Investment Companies.
The Fund and any “affiliated persons,” as defined by the 1940 Act, may purchase in the aggregate only up to 3% of the total outstanding securities of any underlying fund unless: (i) the underlying investment company and/or the Fund has received an order for exemptive relief from such limitations from the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"); and (ii) the underlying investment company and the Fund take appropriate steps to comply with any conditions in such order. Accordingly, when affiliated persons hold shares of any of the underlying funds, the Fund’s ability to invest fully in shares of those funds is restricted, and the Adviser must then, in some instances, select alternative investments that would not have been its first preference. The 1940 Act also provides that an underlying fund whose shares are purchased by the Fund will be obligated to redeem shares held by the Fund only in an amount up to 1% of the underlying fund's outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days. Shares held by the Fund in excess of 1% of an underlying fund's outstanding securities therefore, will be considered not readily marketable securities, which, together with other such securities, may not exceed 15% of the Fund's total assets.
Under certain circumstances an underlying fund may determine to make payment of a redemption by the Fund wholly or partly by a distribution in kind of securities from its portfolio, in lieu of cash, in conformity with the
rules of the SEC. In such cases, the Fund may hold securities distributed by an underlying fund until the Adviser determines that it is appropriate to dispose of such securities.
Investment decisions by the investment advisers of the underlying funds are made independently of the Fund and its Advisor and sub-advisor. Therefore, the investment adviser of one underlying fund may be purchasing shares of the same issuer whose shares are being sold by the Advisor or sub-advisorr of the Fund. The result would be an indirect expense to the Fund without accomplishing any investment purpose.
Exchange Traded Funds.
ETFs are typically passively managed funds that track their related index and have the flexibility of trading like a security. They are managed by professionals and provide the investor with diversification, cost and tax efficiency, liquidity, marginability, are useful for hedging, have the ability to go long and short, and some provide quarterly dividends. Additionally, some ETFs are unit investment trusts (“UITs”) that have two markets. The primary market is where institutions swap “creation units” in block-multiples of 50,000 shares for in-kind securities and cash in the form of dividends. The secondary market is where individual investors can trade as little as a single share during trading hours on the exchange. This is different from open-ended mutual funds that are traded after hours once the net asset value (“NAV”) is calculated. ETFs share many similar risks with open-end and closed-end funds.
Securities Options
The Fund may purchase and write (i.e., sell) put and call options. Such options may relate to particular securities or stock indices, and may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange and may or may not be issued by the Options Clearing Corporation. Options trading is a highly specialized activity that entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options may be more volatile than the underlying instruments, and therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.
A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer (seller) the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. The premium paid to the writer is in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell the security at the stated exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security.
Stock index options are put options and call options on various stock indices. In most respects, they are identical to listed options on common stocks. The primary difference between stock options and index options occurs when index options are exercised. In the case of stock options, the underlying security, common stock, is delivered. However, upon the exercise of an index option, settlement does not occur by delivery of the securities comprising the index. The option holder who exercises the index option receives an amount of cash if the closing level of the stock index upon which the option is based is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the closing price of the stock index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple. A stock index fluctuates with changes in the market value of the stocks included in the index. For example, some stock index options are based on a broad market index, such as the Standard & Poor's 500® Index or the Value Line Composite Index or a narrower market index, such as the Standard & Poor's 100®. Indices may also be based on an industry or market segment, such as the NYSE Arca Oil and Gas Index or the Business Equipment Quota Index. Options on stock indices are currently traded on the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange and the Philadelphia Stock Exchange.
The Fund's obligation to sell an instrument subject to a call option written by it, or to purchase an instrument subject to a put option written by it, may be terminated prior to the expiration date of the option by the Fund's execution of a closing purchase transaction, which is effected by purchasing on an exchange an option of the same series (i.e., same underlying instrument, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying instrument or to permit the writing of a
new option containing different terms on such underlying instrument. The cost of such a liquidation purchase plus transactions costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Fund will have incurred a loss in the transaction. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. An option writer unable to effect a closing purchase transaction will not be able to sell the underlying instrument or liquidate the assets held in a segregated account, as described below, until the option expires or the optioned instrument is delivered upon exercise. In such circumstances, the writer will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a loss equal to the premium paid. If the Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by the Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold). If an option written by the Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.
Certain Risks Regarding Options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
Successful use by the Fund of options on stock indices will be subject to the ability of the Adviser to correctly predict movements in the directions of the stock market. This requires different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. In addition, a fund's ability to effectively hedge all or a portion of the securities in its portfolio, in anticipation of or during a market decline, through transactions in put options on stock indices, depends on the degree to which price movements in the underlying index correlate with the price movements of the securities held by the Fund. Inasmuch as the Fund's securities will not duplicate the components of an index, the correlation will not be perfect. Consequently, the Fund bears the risk that the prices of its securities being hedged will not move in the same amount as the prices of its put options on the stock indices. It is also possible that there may be a negative correlation between the index and the Fund's securities that would result in a loss on both such securities and the options on stock indices acquired by the Fund.
The hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the underlying securities are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the underlying securities, significant price and rate movements can take place in the underlying markets that cannot be reflected in the options markets. The purchase of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The purchase of stock index options involves the risk that the premium and transaction costs paid by the Fund in purchasing an option will be lost as a result of unanticipated movements in prices of the securities comprising the stock index on which the option is based.
There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options exchange will exist for any particular option, or at any particular time, and for some options no secondary market on an exchange or elsewhere may exist. If the Fund is unable to close out a call option on securities that it has written before the option is exercised, the Fund may be required to purchase the optioned securities in order to satisfy its obligation under the option to deliver such securities. If the Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options on securities that it
has purchased, it would have to exercise the option in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase and sale of the underlying securities.
Cover for Options Positions. Transactions using options (other than options that the Fund has purchased) expose the Fund to an obligation to another party. The Fund will not enter into any such transactions unless it owns either (i) an offsetting ("covered") position in securities or other options or (ii) cash or liquid securities with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered as provided in (i) above. The Fund will comply with SEC guidelines regarding cover for these instruments and, if the guidelines so require, set aside cash or liquid securities in a segregated account with the Custodian in the prescribed amount. Under current SEC guidelines, the Fund will segregate assets to cover transactions in which the Fund writes or sells options.
Assets used as cover or held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position in the corresponding option is open, unless they are replaced with similar assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of the Fund's assets to cover or segregated accounts could impede portfolio management or the Fund's ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
Options on Futures Contracts. The Fund may purchase and sell options on the same types of futures in which it may invest. Options on futures are similar to options on underlying instruments except that options on futures give the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in a futures contract (a long position if the option is a call and a short position if the option is a put), rather than to purchase or sell the futures contract, at a specified exercise price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise of the option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by the delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer's futures margin account which represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract, at exercise, exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. Purchasers of options who fail to exercise their options prior to the exercise date suffer a loss of the premium paid.
Dealer Options
The Fund may engage in transactions involving dealer options as well as exchange-traded options. Certain additional risks are specific to dealer options. While the Fund might look to a clearing corporation to exercise exchange-traded options, if the Fund were to purchase a dealer option it would need to rely on the dealer from which it purchased the option to perform if the option were exercised. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by the Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction.
Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options may not. Consequently, the Fund may generally be able to realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by exercising or reselling the option to the dealer who issued it. Similarly, when the Fund writes a dealer option, the Fund may generally be able to close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer to whom the Fund originally wrote the option. While the Fund will seek to enter into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and which are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless the Fund, as a covered dealer call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of the other party, the Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With respect to options written by the Fund, the inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. For example, because the Fund must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a security it writes, the Fund may not sell the assets, which it has segregated to secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may impair the Fund’s ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale might be advantageous.
The Staff of the SEC has taken the position that purchased dealer options are illiquid securities. The Fund may treat the cover used for written dealer options as liquid if the dealer agrees that the Fund may repurchase the dealer option it has written for a maximum price to be calculated by a predetermined formula. In such cases, the dealer option would be considered illiquid only to the extent the maximum purchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option. Accordingly, the Fund will treat dealer options as subject to the Fund’s limitation
on illiquid securities. If the SEC changes its position on the liquidity of dealer options, the Fund will change its treatment of such instruments accordingly.
Spread Transactions
The Fund may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Fund the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund, in addition to the risks of dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection is provided only during the life of the spread options.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements. In a repurchase agreement, an investor (such as the Fund) purchases a security (known as the "underlying security") from a securities dealer or bank. Any such dealer or bank must be deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. At that time, the bank or securities dealer agrees to repurchase the underlying security at a mutually agreed upon price on a designated future date. The repurchase price may be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and repurchase prices may be the same, with interest at an agreed upon rate due to the Fund on repurchase. In either case, the income to the Fund generally will be unrelated to the interest rate on the underlying securities. Repurchase agreements must be "fully collateralized," in that the market value of the underlying securities (including accrued interest) must at all times be equal to or greater than the repurchase price. Therefore, a repurchase agreement can be considered a loan collateralized by the underlying securities.
Repurchase agreements are generally for a short period of time, often less than a week, and will generally be used by the Fund to invest excess cash or as part of a temporary defensive strategy. Repurchase agreements that do not provide for payment within seven days will be treated as illiquid securities. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default by the seller of a repurchase agreement, the Fund could experience both delays in liquidating the underlying security and losses. These losses could result from: (a) possible decline in the value of the underlying security while the Fund is seeking to enforce its rights under the repurchase agreement; (b) possible reduced levels of income or lack of access to income during this period; and (c) expenses of enforcing its rights.
Trading in Futures Contracts
A futures contract provides for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific financial instrument (e.g., units of a stock index) for a specified price, date, time and place designated at the time the contract is made. Brokerage fees are incurred when a futures contract is bought or sold and margin deposits must be maintained. Entering into a contract to buy is commonly referred to as buying or purchasing a contract or holding a long position. Entering into a contract to sell is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position.
Unlike when the Fund purchases or sells a security, no price would be paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Upon entering into a futures contract, and to maintain the Fund's open positions in futures contracts, the Fund would be required to deposit with its custodian or futures broker in a segregated account in the name of the futures broker an amount of cash, U.S. government securities, suitable money market instruments, or other liquid securities, known as "initial margin." The margin required for a particular futures contract is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded, and may be significantly modified from time to time by the exchange during the term of the contract. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margins that may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
If the price of an open futures contract changes (by increase in underlying instrument or index in the case of a sale or by decrease in the case of a purchase) so that the loss on the futures contract reaches a point at which the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, the broker will require an increase in the margin. However, if the value of a position increases because of favorable price changes in the futures contract so that the margin deposit exceeds the required margin, the broker will pay the excess to the Fund.
These subsequent payments, called "variation margin," to and from the futures broker, are made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying assets fluctuate making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as "marking to the market." The Fund expects to earn interest income on its margin deposits.
Although certain futures contracts, by their terms, require actual future delivery of and payment for the underlying instruments, in practice most futures contracts are usually closed out before the delivery date. Closing out an open futures contract purchase or sale is effected by entering into an offsetting futures contract sale or purchase, respectively, for the same aggregate amount of the identical underlying instrument or index and the same delivery date. If the offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a gain; if it is more, the Fund realizes a loss. Conversely, if the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain; if it is less, the Fund realizes a loss. The transaction costs must also be included in these calculations. There can be no assurance, however, that the Fund will be able to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to a particular futures contract at a particular time. If the Fund is not able to enter into an offsetting transaction, the Fund will continue to be required to maintain the margin deposits on the futures contract.
For example, one contract in the Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index future is a contract to buy 25 pounds sterling multiplied by the level of the UK Financial Times 100 Share Index on a given future date. Settlement of a stock index futures contract may or may not be in the underlying instrument or index. If not in the underlying instrument or index, then settlement will be made in cash, equivalent over time to the difference between the contract price and the actual price of the underlying asset at the time the stock index futures contract expires.
Regulation as a Commodity Pool Operator
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has filed with the National Futures Association, a notice claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term "commodity pool operator" under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, and the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission promulgated thereunder, with respect to the Fund's operation. Accordingly, the Fund is not, nor will it be, subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator.
Structured Notes, Bonds and Debentures.
The Fund may invest in structured notes, bonds and debentures. Typically, the value of the principal and/or interest on these instruments is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, interest rates, commodities, indexes or other financial indicators (a “Reference”) or the relevant change in two or more References. The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. The terms of the structured securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity and, therefore, may result in the loss of the Fund’s entire investment. The value of structured securities may move in the same or the opposite direction as the value of the Reference, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, the change in interest rate or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of the change in the value of the Reference so that the security may be more or less volatile than the Reference, depending on the multiple. Consequently, structured securities may entail a greater degree of market risk and volatility than other types of debt obligations.
When-Issued, Forward Commitments and Delayed Settlements
The Fund may purchase and sell securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis. In this event, the Custodian (as defined under the section entitled “Custodian”) will segregate liquid assets equal to the amount of the commitment in a separate account. Normally, the Custodian will set aside portfolio
securities to satisfy a purchase commitment. In such a case, the Fund may be required subsequently to segregate additional assets in order to assure that the value of the account remains equal to the amount of the Fund’s commitment. It may be expected that the Fund’s net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree when it sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than when it sets aside cash.
The Fund does not intend to engage in these transactions for speculative purposes but only in furtherance of its investment objectives. Because the Fund will segregate liquid assets to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund’s liquidity and the ability of the Adviser to manage them may be affected in the event the Fund’s forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis only with the intention of completing the transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss. When the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment and delayed settlement transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price credited to be advantageous.
The market value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase, forward commitment to purchase securities, or a delayed settlement and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value is taken into account when determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until it has paid for and delivered on the settlement date.
Illiquid and Restricted Securities
The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale (e.g., because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")) and securities that are otherwise not readily marketable (e.g., because trading in the security is suspended or because market makers do not exist or will not entertain bids or offers). Securities that have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placements or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Foreign securities that are freely tradable in their principal markets are not considered to be illiquid.
Restricted and other illiquid securities may be subject to the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. The Fund might be unable to dispose of illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty in satisfying redemption requests from shareholders. The Fund might have to register restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities.
A large institutional market exists for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act, including foreign securities. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments. Rule 144A under the Securities Act allows such a broader institutional trading market for securities otherwise subject to restrictions on resale to the general public. Rule 144A establishes a "safe harbor" from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for resale of certain securities to qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A has produced enhanced liquidity for many restricted securities, and market liquidity for such securities may continue to expand as a result of this regulation and the consequent existence of the PORTAL system, which is an automated system for the trading, clearance and settlement of unregistered securities of domestic and foreign issuers sponsored by the Financial Industry Regulatory, Inc.
Under guidelines adopted by the Trust's Board, the Fund's Adviser may determine that particular Rule 144A securities, and commercial paper issued in reliance on the private placement exemption from registration
afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, are liquid even though they are not registered. A determination of whether such a security is liquid or not is a question of fact. In making this determination, the Adviser will consider, as it deems appropriate under the circumstances and among other factors: (1) the frequency of trades and quotes for the security; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security; (3) the number of other potential purchasers of the security; (4) dealer undertakings to make a market in the security; (5) the nature of the security (e.g., debt or equity, date of maturity, terms of dividend or interest payments, and other material terms) and the nature of the marketplace trades (e.g., the time needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer); and (6) the rating of the security and the financial condition and prospects of the issuer. In the case of commercial paper, the Adviser will also determine that the paper (1) is not traded flat or in default as to principal and interest, and (2) is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least two National Statistical Rating Organization (“NRSRO”) or, if only one NRSRO rates the security, by that NRSRO, or, if the security is unrated, the Adviser determines that it is of equivalent quality.
Rule 144A securities and Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper that have been deemed liquid as described above will continue to be monitored by the Adviser to determine if the security is no longer liquid as the result of changed conditions. Investing in Rule 144A securities or Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper could have the effect of increasing the amount of the Fund's assets invested in illiquid securities if institutional buyers are unwilling to purchase such securities.
Lending Portfolio Securities
For the purpose of achieving income, the Fund may lend its portfolio securities, provided (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. Government securities or cash or cash equivalents (cash, U.S. Government securities, negotiable certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances or letters of credit) maintained on a daily mark-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned, (2) the Fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of securities loaned, (3) the Fund will receive any interest or dividends received on the loaned securities, and (4) the aggregate value of the securities loaned will not at any time exceed one-third of the total assets of the Fund.
Short Sales
The Adviser also anticipates that the Fund will employ "short selling" for both (1) investment purposes and (2) for defensive purposes as a hedging strategy. For investment purposes, when the Adviser believes that particular company or sector is relatively overvalued, the Fund will sell a security short with the expectation that it can be repurchased at a lower price, thus generating a gain for the Fund. For defensive purposes, when the Adviser believes that a security or group of securities in the Fund is susceptible to a decline in value, the Fund will sell a security short with the expectation any decline in value of the security sold short will serve to offset some of the decline in value suffered by the Fund's portfolio of securities. A short sale strategy is different than a long-only strategy because it consists of selling borrowed shares in the hope that they can be bought back later at a lower price.
The Fund may sell securities short involving the use of derivative instruments and to offset potential declines in long positions in similar securities. A short sale is a transaction in which a fund sells a security it does not own or have the right to acquire (or that it owns but does not wish to deliver) in anticipation that the market price of that security will decline.
When the Fund makes a short sale, the broker-dealer through which the short sale is made must borrow the security sold short and deliver it to the party purchasing the security. The Fund is required to make a margin deposit in connection with such short sales; the Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and will often be obligated to pay over any dividends and accrued interest on borrowed securities.
If the price of the security sold short increases between the time of the short sale and the time the Fund covers its short position, the Fund will incur a loss; conversely, if the price declines, the Fund will realize a capital gain. Any gain will be decreased, and any loss increased, by the transaction costs described above. The successful
use of short selling may be adversely affected by imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the security sold short and the securities being hedged.
To the extent the Fund sells securities short, it will provide collateral to the broker-dealer and (except in the case of short sales "against the box") will maintain additional asset coverage in the form of cash, U.S. government securities or other liquid securities with its custodian in a segregated account in an amount at least equal to the difference between the current market value of the securities sold short and any amounts required to be deposited as collateral with the selling broker (not including the proceeds of the short sale). The Fund does not intend to enter into short sales (other than short sales "against the box") if immediately after such sales the aggregate of the value of all collateral plus the amount in such segregated account exceeds 50% of the value of the Fund's net assets. This percentage may be varied by action of the Board of Trustees. A short sale is "against the box" to the extent the Fund contemporaneously owns, or has the right to obtain at no added cost, securities identical to those sold short.
Short sales create a risk that the Fund will be required to close the short position by buying the security at a time when the security has appreciated in value, thus resulting in a loss to the Fund. A short position in a security poses more risk than holding the same security long. Because a short position loses value as the security's price increases, the loss on a short sale is theoretically unlimited.
To the extent that the Fund uses short sales as a hedging technique, the Fund is subject to correlation risk. Specifically, the correlation between the security sold short and the hedged security may be imperfect, reducing the expected benefit to the Fund of a short sale, or there may be no correlation at all. It is possible that the market value of the securities the Fund holds in long positions will decline at the same time that the market value of the securities the Fund has sold short increases, thereby increasing the Fund's potential volatility.
In addition, any gain on a short sale is decreased, and any loss is increased, by the amount of any payments, such as lender fees, replacement of dividends or interest that the Fund may be required to make with respect to the borrowed securities. Market factors may prevent the Fund from closing out a short position at the most desirable time or at a favorable price. The lender of the borrowed securities may require the Fund to return the securities on short notice, which may require the Fund to purchase the borrowed securities at an unfavorable price, resulting in a loss. You should be aware that any strategy that includes selling securities short could suffer significant losses. Short selling will also result in higher transaction costs (such as interest and dividends), which reduce the Fund’s return, and may result in higher taxes.
Borrowing and Leverage
The Adviser anticipates that the Fund will employ “leverage” by borrowing from banks, up to 10% of the value of Fund assets, and using the proceeds of the borrowings to make additional investments. The use of "leverage" by the Fund will involve costs to the Fund including interest expense. While the Adviser expects leverage to create an opportunity for increased returns, it also creates risk of significant losses if the amount of income and appreciation from these additional leverage-financed investments do not exceed the Fund's leverage-related costs. The use of leverage as strategy may also mean that the Fund might have to liquidate securities to cover its leverage related costs or repay principal. The use of leverage will tend to amplify the effects of market volatility on the Fund’s share price and make the Fund’s returns more volatile. The use of leverage may cause the Fund or the underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations. The use of leverage by underlying investment companies may also cause the Fund to indirectly bear higher expenses (interest expenses) than those of equity mutual funds that do not invest in underlying investment companies that use such techniques. The Fund may also invest in securities or derivative instruments which magnify relatively small movements in reference securities or indices such that the Fund experiences a relatively large change in value. Depending on market or other conditions, these liquidations could be disadvantageous to the Fund. Therefore, leveraging may exaggerate changes in the Fund's net asset value or yield, and the Fund's market value.
During periods in which the Fund is utilizing financial leverage in the form of borrowing , the fees which are payable to the Advisor as a percentage of the Fund's assets will be higher than if the Fund did not use leverage, because the fees are calculated as a percentage of the Fund's assets, including those purchased with leveraging.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The Fund has adopted the following investment restrictions that may not be changed without approval by a “majority of the outstanding shares” of the Fund which, as used in this SAI, means the vote of the lesser of (a) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund represented at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
1. Borrowing Money. The Fund will not borrow money, except: (a) from a bank, provided that immediately after such borrowing there is an asset coverage of 300% for all borrowings of the Fund; or (b) from a bank or other persons for temporary purposes only, provided that such temporary borrowings are in an amount not exceeding 5% of the Fund’s total assets at the time when the borrowing is made.
2. Senior Securities. The Fund will not issue senior securities. This limitation is not applicable to activities that may be deemed to involve the issuance or sale of a senior security by the Fund, provided that the Fund’s engagement in such activities is consistent with or permitted by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or interpretations of the SEC or its staff.
3. Underwriting. The Fund will not act as underwriter of securities issued by other persons. This limitation is not applicable to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities (including restricted securities), the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under certain federal securities laws.
4. Real Estate. The Fund will not purchase or sell real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in marketable securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts).
5. Commodities. The Fund will not purchase or sell commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other investments. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from purchasing or selling options or futures contracts, from investing in securities or other instruments backed by commodities or from investing in companies which are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities.
6. Loans. The Fund will not make loans to other persons, except: (a) by loaning portfolio securities; (b) by engaging in repurchase agreements; or (c) by purchasing nonpublicly offered debt securities. For purposes of this limitation, the term “loans” shall not include the purchase of a portion of an issue of publicly distributed bonds, debentures or other securities.
7. Concentration. The Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in a particular industry or group of industries. This limitation is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto.
THE FOLLOWING ARE ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS OF THE FUND. THE FOLLOWING RESTRICTIONS ARE DESIGNATED AS NON-FUNDAMENTAL AND MAY BE CHANGED BY THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE TRUST WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF SHAREHOLDERS.
1. Pledging. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any assets of the Fund except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings described in limitation (1) above. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation.
2. Borrowing. The Fund will not purchase any security while borrowings representing more than one third of its total assets are outstanding.
3. Margin Purchases. The Fund will not purchase securities or evidences of interest thereon on “margin.” This limitation is not applicable to short-term credit obtained by a Fund for the clearance of purchases and sales or redemption of securities, or to arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investment techniques.
4. Illiquid Investments. The Fund will not hold 15% or more of its net assets in securities for which there are legal or contractual restrictions on resale and other illiquid securities.
If a restriction on the Fund’s investments is adhered to at the time an investment is made, a subsequent change in the percentage of Fund assets invested in certain securities or other instruments, or change in average duration of the Fund’s investment portfolio, resulting from changes in the value of the Fund’s total assets, will not be considered a violation of the restriction; provided, however, that the asset coverage requirement applicable to borrowings shall be maintained in the manner contemplated by applicable law.
Temporary Defensive Positions
From time to time, the Fund may take temporary defensive positions, which are inconsistent with the Fund's principal investment strategies, in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. For example, the Fund may hold all or a portion of its assets in money market instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, other investment grade fixed income securities, certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, commercial paper, money market funds and repurchase agreements. If the Fund invests in a money market fund, the shareholders of the Fund generally will be subject to duplicative management fees. Although the Fund would do this only in seeking to avoid losses, the Fund will be unable to pursue its investment objective during that time, and it could reduce the benefit from any upswing in the market. The Fund may also invest in money market instruments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Fund’s Board of Trustees has adopted policies and procedures for the public and nonpublic disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The Fund’s portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through filings with the SEC. The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings by mailing the annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders approximately two months after the end of the fiscal year and semi-annual period. In addition, the Fund discloses its portfolio holdings reports on Forms N-CSR and Form N-Q two months after the end of each quarter/semi-annual period
As a general matter, no information concerning the portfolio holdings of the Fund may be disclosed to any unaffiliated third party except (1) to service providers that require such information in the course of performing their duties (for example, the Fund’s custodian, administrator, the Advisor, sub-advisor, independent public accountants, attorneys, officers and trustees) and are subject to a duty of confidentiality including a duty not to trade on non-public information,, and (2) pursuant to certain exceptions that serve a legitimate business purpose. These exceptions may include: (1) disclosure of portfolio holdings only after such information has been publicly disclosed and (2) to third-party vendors, currently consisting of Morningstar Investment Services and Lipper Analytical Services that (a) agree to not distribute the portfolio holdings or results of the analysis to third parties, other departments or persons who are likely to use the information for purposes of purchasing or selling the Fund before the portfolio holdings or results of the analysis become publicly available; and (b) sign a written confidentiality agreement. The confidentiality agreement must provide, but is not limited to, that the recipient of the portfolio holdings information agrees to limit access to the portfolio holdings information to its employees who, on a need to know basis are (1) authorized to have access to the portfolio holdings information and (2) subject to confidentiality obligations, including duties not to trade on non-public information, no less restrictive that the confidentiality obligations contained in the confidentiality agreement.
Neither the Fund nor the Advisor may enter into any arrangement providing for the disclosure of non-public portfolio holding information for the receipt of compensation or benefit of any kind. Any exceptions to the policies and procedures may only be made by the consent of the Trust’s chief compliance officer upon a determination that such disclosure serves a legitimate business purpose and is in the best interests of the Funds and will be reported to the Board at the Board’s next regularly scheduled meeting.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The following tables provide information about Board of Trustees and the senior officers of the Trust. Each of the Trustees is deemed to be an Independent Trustee of the Trust. Each Trustee oversees all portfolios of the Trust and serves for an indefinite term (subject to mandatory retirement provisions). Information about each Trustee is provided below and includes each person’s: name, address, age (as of the date of the Funds’ most recent fiscal year end), present position(s) held with the Trust, principal occupations for the past five years and total compensation received as a Trustee for the most recent fiscal year. Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each person listed below is c/o Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, 36 North New York Avenue, Huntington, NY 11743. Unless otherwise noted, each officer is elected annually by the Board. Each Trustee and officer also serves in the same capacity for the Strategy Shares, another open-end investment company whose series are managed by the Advisor. Collectively, the Funds and the Strategy Shares comprise the “Fund Complex” which is comprised of ten separate series.
As of December 31, 2015, the Trustees and Officers as a group owned less than 1% of the shares of each Fund.
Independent Trustees Background
Name, Address and Age | Position with the Trust | Term of Office and Length of Time Served* | Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years | Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee | Other Directorships Held by Trustee |
Tobias Caldwell 48 | Chairman of the Board and Trustee | Since January 2016 | Managing member, Bear Properties, LLC (2006 - present) (real estate firm); Managing member, PTL Real Estate, LLC (2000 – present) (real estate/investment firm); Managing member, Genovese Family Enterprises, LLC (1999 – present) (real estate firm). | 10 | Lead independent trustee and Chair of Audit Committee, Mutual Fund Series Trust, comprised of 45 funds (2006-present). |
Stephen P. Lachenauer 48 | Trustee | Since January 2016 | Attorney, private practice. | 10 | Board Member, Strategy Shares (January 2016 – present); Trustee, TCG Financial Series Trusts I-X, each Trust is comprised of 1 fund (2015-present). |
Donald McIntosh 47 | Trustee | Since January 2016 | Credit risk review analyst, Santander Holdings USA (May 2015 – present); Governance analyst, Santander Bank (2011 – April 2015). | 10 | Board Member, Strategy Shares (January 2016– present); Trustee, TCG Financial Series Trusts I-X, each Trust is comprised of 1 fund (2015-present). |
* The term of office of each Trustee is indefinite.
Officers*
Name, Address, Year of Birth | Position(s) Held with Registrant | Term and Length Served* | Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Jerry Szilagyi 36 N. New York Avenue Huntington, NY 11743 Year of Birth: 1962 | President | Since April 2016 | Managing Member, Catalyst Capital Advisors LLC, 1/2006- present; Member, AlphaCentric Advisors LLC, 2/2014 to Present; Managing Member, Catalyst Mutuals Fund Distributors LLC, 12/2014-present; Managing Member, MFund Distributors LLC, 10/2012-present; Managing Member, MFund Services LLC, 1/2012 - Present; President, Abbington Capital Group LLC, 1998- present; President, Cross Sound Capital LLC, 6/2011 to 10/2013; President, USA Mutuals, Inc., 3/2011 to present; CEO, Thomas Lloyd Global Asset Management (Americas) LLC, 9/2006 to 2010. |
Erik Naviloff 80 Arkay Drive Hauppauge, New York 11788 Year of Birth: 1968 | Treasurer | Since April 2016 | Vice President – Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, since 2012; Assistant Vice President, Gemini Fund Services, 2007 - 2012. |
Aaron Smith 80 Arkay Drive. Hauppauge, New York 11788 Year of Birth: 1974 | Assistant Treasurer | Since April 2016 | Manager - Fund Administration, Gemini Fund Services, LLC, since 2012; Authorized Officer, UBS Global Asset Management, a business division of UBS AG, 2010-2012. |
Frederick J. Schmidt 36 N. New York Avenue Huntington, NY 11743 Year of Birth: 1959 | Chief Compliance Officer | Since April 2016 | Director, MFund Services LLC since 5/2015; Director & Chief Compliance Officer, Citi Fund Services, 2010-2015; Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer, Citi Fund Services, 2004-2010. |
Jennifer A. Bailey 36 N. New York Avenue Huntington, NY 11743 Year of Birth: 1968 | Secretary | Since April 2016 | Director of Legal Services, MFund Services LLC, 2/2012 to present; Attorney, Weiss & Associates, 12/2008 to 6/2010. |
| | | | |
* Officers do not receive any compensation from the Trust.
COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Audit Committee. The Board has an Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is comprised of each of the Trustees. The primary function of the Audit Committee is to assist the full Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities to the shareholders and the investment community relating to fund accounting, reporting practices and the quality and integrity of the financial reports. To satisfy these responsibilities, the Audit Committee reviews with the independent auditors, the audit plan and results and recommendations following independent audits, reviews the performance of the independent auditors and recommends engagement or discharge of the auditors to the full Board, reviews the independence of the independent auditors, reviews the adequacy of the Funds’ internal controls and prepares and submits Committee meeting minutes and supporting documentation to the full Board. The Audit Committee met 3 times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.
Compensation of the Board of Trustees
The Independent Trustees are paid a quarterly retainer, and receive compensation for each committee meeting, telephonic Board meeting, and special in-person Board meeting attended. Officers receive no compensation from the Trust. The Trust reimburses each of the Independent Trustees for travel and other expenses incurred in connection with attendance at such meetings. The Trust has no retirement or pension plans.
Trustee commenced serving on the Board of Trustees of the Trust effective January 1, 2016. Therefore, the Trustees did not receive compensation from the Trust during the year ended December 31, 2015.
TRUSTEES OWNERSHIP OF SHARES IN A FUND AND IN THE FUND COMPLEX AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2015
| | |
Name of Trustee | Dollar Range of Shares Owned in the Funds
| Dollar Range of Shares
Owned in the Fund Complex* |
Tobias Caldwell | None | None |
Stephen Lachenauer | None | None |
Donald McIntosh | None | None |
___________________________
* The Fund Complex consists of ten series of The Funds and 2 series of Strategy Shares.
Qualifications and Experience of the Trustees
The following provides an overview of the considerations that led the Board to conclude that each individual serving as a Trustee of the Trust should so serve. Generally, no one factor was decisive in the original selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considered when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board were the following: (1) the individual’s business and professional experience and accomplishments; (2) the individual’s prior experience serving on the boards of public companies, and other complex enterprises and organizations; and (3) how the individual’s skills, experience, and attributes would contribute to an appropriate mix of relevant skills and experience on the Board.
In respect of each current Trustee, the individual’s substantial professional accomplishments and prior experience, including, in some cases, in fields related to the operations of the Trust, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a Trustee of the Trust.
In addition to the information set forth above, the following sets forth additional information about the qualifications and experience of each of the Trustees that lead to the conclusion that each Trustee should serve as Trustee of the Trust.
Tobias Caldwell
Mr. Caldwell is the manager of a real estate investment firm. Mr. Caldwell has served on the board of a mutual fund complex for over nine years, including as chair of the audit committee for many years. His experience in the real estate and investment industries would provide the Board with an additional perspective and understanding of investment strategies used by advisors to the funds.
Stephen Lachenauer
Mr. Lachenauer has been a sole practitioner attorney for over six years, providing advice and counsel to small businesses and individuals on business and financial matters. Mr. Lachenauer’s previous experience at law firms and as an attorney at a large investment bank would provide the Board with knowledge of financial and investment regulatory matters. Mr. Lachenauer also serves on the boards of ten single series registered investment companies.
Donald McIntosh
Mr. McIntosh is a credit risk review analyst for a large international financial services company, and he has many years of credit analysis and loan servicing experience. Mr. McIntosh’s experience in evaluating companies’ financial condition would provide the Board with knowledge about investment strategies used by the advisors of the funds. Mr. Lachenauer also serves on the boards of ten single series registered investment companies.
Board Structure
The Board is responsible for overseeing the management and operations of the Trust. The Board consists of three Independent Trustees. The Chairperson of the Trust, Tobias Caldwell, is an Independent Trustee.
The Board has one standing Committee, the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is comprised of each of the Trustees. Through the Audit Committee, the Independent Trustees consider and address important matters involving the Trust, including those presenting conflicts or potential conflicts of interest for Trust management. The Board holds four regular meetings each year to consider and address matters involving the Funds. The Board also may hold special meetings to address matters arising between regular meetings. In addition, the Independent Trustees regularly meet outside the presence of management and are advised by independent legal counsel. These meetings may take place in-person or by telephone.
The Board reviews its structure regularly and believes that its leadership structure, including having a super-majority of Independent Trustees, coupled with an Independent Chairperson, is appropriate and in the best interests of the Trust, given its specific characteristics. The Board of Trustees also believes its leadership structure facilitates the orderly and efficient flow of information to the Independent Trustees from Trust management.
When considering potential nominees to fill vacancies on the Board, and as part of its annual self-evaluation, the Board reviews the mix of skills and other relevant experiences of the Trustees.
Board Oversight of Risk
An integral part of the Board’s overall responsibility for overseeing the management and operations of the Trust is the Board’s oversight of the risk management of the Trust’s investment programs and business affairs. The Funds are subject to a number of risks, such as investment risk, valuation risk, risk of operational failure or lack of business continuity, and legal, compliance and regulatory risk. The Funds, the Advisor, and other service providers to the Trust have implemented various processes, procedures, and controls to identify risks to the Funds, to lessen the probability of their occurrence, and to mitigate any adverse effect should they occur. Different processes, procedures, and controls are employed with respect to different types of risks.
The Board exercises oversight of the risk management process through the Audit Committee and through oversight by the Board itself. The Board holds four regular meetings each year to consider and address matters involving the Funds. The Board also may hold special meetings to address matters arising between regular meetings. In addition, the Independent Trustees regularly meet outside the presence of management and are advised by independent legal counsel. These meetings may take place in person or by telephone.
In addition to adopting, and periodically reviewing, policies and procedures designed to address risks to the Funds, the Board requires management of the Advisor and the Trust, including the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”), to report to the Board and the Audit Committee of the Board on a variety of matters, including matters relating to risk management, at regular and special meetings. The Board and the Audit Committee receive regular reports from the Trust’s independent public accountants on internal control and financial reporting matters. On at least a quarterly basis, the Independent Trustees meet with the Trust’s CCO, including outside the presence of management, to discuss issues related to compliance. Furthermore, the Board receives a quarterly report from the Trust’s CCO regarding the operation of the compliance policies and procedures of the Trust and its primary service providers. The Board monitors the Funds’ investment policies and procedures as well as valuation of the Funds’ securities. The Board also receives quarterly reports from the Advisor on the investments and securities trading of the Funds, including their investment performance and asset weightings compared to appropriate benchmarks, as
well as reports regarding the valuation of the Funds’ securities. The Board also receives reports from the Trust’s primary service providers regarding their operations as they relate to the Funds.
PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS
Persons controlling the Fund can determine the outcome of any proposal submitted to the shareholders for approval, including changes to the Fund's fundamental policies or the terms of the advisory agreement with the advisor. Persons owning 25% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund (or a class of shares of the Fund) may be deemed to control the Fund (or class of the Fund).
Class A shares
Shareholders known by the Trust to own of record more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Predecessor Fund’s Class A shares on [ ]5, 2016 and the percentage of the outstanding shares owned on that date are listed below.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | Number of Record and Beneficial (Shares) | Percent (%) of Class |
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As of [ ], 2016, securities of the Fund’s Class A shares owned by all officers and trustees, including beneficial ownership, as a group represented less than 1% of the outstanding Class A shares of the Fund.
The shareholders listed above own shares for investment purposes and have no known intention of exercising any control of the Fund.
Class C shares
Shareholders known by the Trust to own of record more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund’s Class C shares on [ ], 2016 and the percentage of the outstanding shares owned on that date are listed below.
Name and Address of Beneficial or Record Owner | Number of Record and Beneficial (Shares) | Percent (%) of Class |
| | |
| | |
*May be deemed to control Class C shares of the Fund because holds more than 25% of the outstanding Class C shares.
As of January 5, 2016, securities of the Fund’s Class C shares owned by all officers and trustees, including beneficial ownership, as a group represented less than 1% of the outstanding Class C shares of the Fund.
Class I shares
Shareholders known by the Trust to own of record more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund’s Class I shares on [ ], 2016 and the percentage of the outstanding shares owned on that date are listed below.
Name and Address of Beneficial or Record Owner | Number of Record and Beneficial (Shares) | Percent (%) of Class |
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| | |
As of [ ], 2016, securities of the Fund’s Class I shares owned by all officers and trustees, including beneficial ownership, as a group represented less than 1% of the outstanding Class I shares of the Fund.
The shareholders listed above own shares for investment purposes and have no known intention of exercising any control of the Fund.
ADVISOR AND SUB-ADVISOR
Rational Advisors, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Rational Capital LLC, has been retained by the Trust under a Management Agreement to act as the investment advisor to the Funds, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees. The Advisor (formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Huntington National Bank and known as Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc.) was organized under the laws of Ohio in 2001. The Advisor was acquired by Rational Capital LLC on December 31, 2015. The Advisor oversees the day-to-day investment decisions for the Funds and continuously reviews, supervises and administers the Funds’ investment programs. The address of the Advisor is 36 North New York Avenue, Huntington, NY 11743.
The Management Agreement provides that the Advisor will provide each Fund with investment advice and supervision and will continuously furnish an investment program for the Fund consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund. The Advisor is responsible for the payment of the salaries and expenses of all of its personnel, office rent and the expenses of providing investment advisory and related clerical expenses.
Under the terms of the Management Agreements, the Advisor manages the investment of the assets of each Fund in conformity with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund. It is the responsibility of the Advisor to make investment decisions for the Fund and to provide continuous supervision of the investment portfolio of the Fund.
For its services under the Management Agreement, the Advisor is paid a monthly management fee at the annual rates noted in the table below, based upon the average daily net assets of each Fund. The Advisor pays expenses incurred by it in connection with acting as advisor, other than costs (including taxes and brokerage commissions, borrowing costs, costs of investing in underlying funds and extraordinary expenses, if any) of securities purchased for the Fund and other expenses paid by the Fund as detailed in the Management Agreement. The Advisor pays for all employees, office space and facilities required by it to provide services under the Management Agreement, except for specific items of expense referred to below.
| Contractual Advisory Fee |
Rational Iron Horse Fund | 1.25% |
Except for the expenses described above that have been assumed by the Advisor, all expenses incurred in administration of a Fund will be charged to the Fund, including investment management fees; fees and expenses of the Board of Trustees; interest charges; taxes; brokerage commissions; expenses of valuing assets; expenses of continuing registration and qualification of the Fund and the shares under federal and state law; share issuance expenses; fees and disbursements of independent accountants and legal counsel; fees and expenses of custodians, including sub-custodians and securities depositories, transfer agents and shareholder account servicing organizations; expenses of preparing, printing and mailing prospectuses, reports, proxies, notices and statements sent to shareholders; expenses of shareholder meetings; costs of investing in underlying funds; and insurance premiums. Each Fund is also liable for nonrecurring expenses, including litigation to which it may from time to time be a party. Expenses incurred for the operation of the Portfolio, including the expenses of communications with its shareholders, are paid by the Fund.
The Advisor has contractually agreed to waive all or a portion of its investment advisory fee (based on average daily net assets) and/or reimburse certain operating expenses of each Fund to the extent necessary in order to limit each Fund’s total annual fund operating expenses (after the fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements, and exclusive of acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage costs, interest, taxes and dividends, and extraordinary expenses) to not more than to not more than 1.70%, 1.95% and 2.70% of the Institutional Shares, Class A Shares and Class C Shares daily net assets, respectively, through April 30, 2018. These Agreements shall terminate automatically upon the termination of the Management Agreement. The Adviser may elect in its discretion to terminate the Agreement for any period following the term period of the Agreement, but no such termination shall affect the obligation (including the amount of the obligation) of the Fund to repay amounts of waived fees or reimbursed expenses with respect to periods prior to such termination.
The Management Agreement with the Funds continues in effect for an initial two year term and then from year to year as long as its continuation is approved at least annually by the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons,” or by the shareholders of the Funds. The Management Agreement may be terminated at any time upon 60 days’ written notice by a Fund or by a majority vote of the outstanding shares or 90 days’ written notice by the Advisor and will terminate automatically upon assignment. A discussion of the matters considered by the Board in connection with the approval of the Management Agreement will be available in the Funds’ Annual Report to Shareholders dated December 31, 2015.
The Management Agreement provides that the Advisor shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Trust in connection with the performance of its duties, except a loss resulting from a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services or a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence on the part of the Advisor in the performance of its duties, or from reckless disregard of its duties and obligations thereunder.
From time to time, the Advisor may use a portion of its reasonable resources and profits to pay for certain administrative services provided by financial institutions for Shareholders of the Funds.
Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC (Van Hulzen”) served as advisor to the Predecessor Fund. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014, the Predecessor Fund paid Van Hulzen $222,325 in investment advisory fees of which none was waived. During the fiscal period ended March 31, 2015, the Predecessor Fund paid Van Hulzen $262,336 in investment advisory fees of which $98,219 represented recapture of previously waived fees. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, the Predecessor Fund paid the Adviser $[ ] in investment advisory fees of which $[ ] was waived
Sub-Advisor
Van Hulzen Asset Management, LLC (“Sub-Advisor”), located at 4370 Town Center Blvd., Suite 220, El Dorado Hills CA 95762, has been retained to act as the sub-advisor to the Fund under an Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement (“Sub-Advisory Agreement”) with the Advisor. The Advisor and the Trustees have chosen to engage Sub-Advisor’s services as sub-advisor to the Fund in part because of the Sub-Advisor’s prior expertise and performance in advising other accounts similar in objective to that of the Fund, including the Predecessor Fund.
As compensation for the sub-advisory services it provides to the Fund, the Advisor will pay the Sub-Advisor 50% of the net advisory fees earned by the Advisor from the Fund. For this purpose, “net advisory fees” mean advisory fees collected from the Fund (net of fee waivers due to expense caps) less any revenue sharing and asset-based fees paid to broker-dealers or custodians with assets in the Fund. The fee paid to the Sub-Advisor by the Advisor will be paid from the Advisor’s management fee and is not an additional cost to the Fund. The Sub-Advisory Agreement is effective for an initial two year period and continues in effect for successive twelve-month periods, provided that the Board of Trustees annually approves it for continuance. A discussion of the matters considered by the Board in connection with the approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s Annual Report to Shareholders dated December 31, 2016.
Portfolio Managers
Craig Van Hulzen, John Brink and Stephan ten Brink are the portfolio managers responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. Each portfolio manager receives a salary and may be eligible for a performance-based bonus and a share of the profits, if any
The following table lists the number and types of accounts managed by each Portfolio Manager in addition to those of the Fund and assets under management in those accounts as of [ ], 2016:
Total Other Accounts Managed
Portfolio Manager | Registered Investment Company Accounts | Assets Managed ($ millions) | Pooled Investment Vehicle Accounts | Assets Managed | Other Accounts | Assets Managed |
Craig Van Hulzen | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
John Pearce | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
Stefan ten Brink | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
Other Accounts Managed Subject to Performance-Based Fees
Portfolio Manager | Registered Investment Company Accounts | Assets Managed ($ millions) | Pooled Investment Vehicle Accounts | Assets Managed ($ millions) | Other Accounts | Assets Managed ($ millions) |
Craig Van Hulzen | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
John Pearce | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
Stefan ten Brink | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] | [ ] |
| | | | | | | |
Compensation.
Each portfolio manager receives a salary and may be eligible for a performance-based bonus and a share of the profits, if any.
Ownership.
The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the portfolio managers in the Fund as of [ ], 2016.
Name of Portfolio Manager | Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Craig Van Hulzen | [ ] |
John Pearce | [ ] |
Stefan ten Brink | [ ] |
Potential Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one fund or other accounts. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple funds are presented with the following potential conflicts:
The management of multiple accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of each account. The management of multiple funds and accounts also may give rise to potential conflicts of interest if the funds and accounts have different objectives, benchmarks, time horizons, and fees as the portfolio manager must allocate his time and investment ideas across multiple funds and accounts.
| · | With respect to securities transactions for the Fund, the Advisor determines which broker to use to execute each order, consistent with the duty to seek best execution of the transaction. The portfolio manager may execute transactions for another fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by the Fund. Securities selected for funds or accounts other than the Fund may outperform the securities selected for the Fund. |
| · | The appearance of a conflict of interest may arise where the Advisor has an incentive, such as a performance-based management fee. The management of personal accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest; there is no assurance that the Fund’s code of ethics will adequately address such conflicts. One of the portfolio manager's numerous responsibilities is to assist in the sale of Fund shares. Because the portfolio manager’s compensation is indirectly linked to the sale of Fund shares, they may have an incentive to devote time to marketing efforts designed to increase sales of Fund shares. |
| · | The Fund may invest in affiliated funds advised by the Advisor. The Advisor is subject to conflicts of interest in allocating the Fund‘s assets among the affiliated funds. The Advisor will receive more revenue when it selects an affiliated fund rather than an unaffiliated fund for inclusion in a Fund’s portfolio. This conflict may provide an incentive for the Advisor to invest Fund assets in affiliated funds that perform less well than unaffiliated funds. The Advisor may have an incentive to allocate the Fund’s assets to those affiliated funds for which the net advisory fees payable to the Advisor are higher than the fees payable by other affiliated funds. |
| · | The Fund and Advisor has adopted a code of ethics that, among other things, permits personal trading by employees under conditions where it has been determined that such trades would not adversely impact client accounts. Nevertheless, the management of personal accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest, and there is no assurance that these codes of ethics will adequately address such conflicts. |
Each the Advisor and the Fund has adopted certain compliance procedures which are designed to address these types of conflicts. However, there is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
CODE OF ETHICS
The Advisor, Sub-Advisor, Northern Lights Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”) and the Fund have adopted codes of ethics (each a “Code” and collectively the “Codes”) under Rule 17j-1(c) of the 1940 Act. The purpose of each Code is to avoid potential conflicts of interest and to prevent fraud, deception or misconduct with respect to the Fund. Each Code permit personnel covered by the codes to invest in securities that may be purchased by the Fund, subject to the restrictions of the Code. The Codes are filed as exhibits to the Trust’s registration statement.
TRANSFER AGENT, FUND ACCOUNTING AGENT AND ADMINISTRATOR
Gemini Fund Services, LLC (“GFS”), which has its principal office at 80 Arkay Drive., Hauppauge, New York 11788, serves as administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent for the Fund pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement (the “Agreement”) with the Fund and subject to the supervision of the Board. GFS is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund accounting and transfer agent services to retail and institutional mutual funds. GFS is an affiliate of the Distributor.
GFS may also provide persons to serve as officers of the Trust. Such officers may be directors, officers or employees of GFS or its affiliates.
The Agreement will remain in effect for an initial term of three years from the effective date for the Fund, and will continue in effect for successive twelve-month periods provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a majority of the Board. The Agreement is terminable by the Board or GFS on 90
days’ written notice and may be assigned by either party, provided that the Trust may not assign this agreement without the prior written consent of GFS. The Agreement provides that GFS shall be without liability for any action reasonably taken or omitted pursuant to the Agreement.
Under the Agreement, GFS performs administrative services, including: (1) monitor the performance of administrative and professional services rendered to the Trust by other service providers; (2) monitor Fund holdings and operations for post-trade compliance with the Fund’s registration statement and applicable laws and rules; (3) prepare and coordinate the printing of semi-annual and annual financial statements; (4) prepare selected management reports for performance and compliance analyses; (5) prepare and disseminate materials for and attend and participate in meetings of the Board; (6) determine income and capital gains available for distribution and calculate distributions required to meet regulatory, income, and excise tax requirements; (7) review the Trust's federal, state, and local tax returns as prepared and signed by the Trust's independent public accountants; (8) prepare and maintain the Trust's operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to each Fund to calculate its daily net asset value; (9) assist in and monitor the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination of periodic reports to the Trustees, shareholders and the SEC, notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2, proxy materials and reports to the SEC on Forms N-SAR, N-CSR, N-Q and N-PX; (10) coordinate the Trust's audits and examinations by assisting the Fund’s independent public accountants; (11) determine, in consultation with others, the jurisdictions in which shares of the Trust shall be registered or qualified for sale and facilitate such registration or qualification; (12) monitor sales of shares and ensure that the shares are properly and duly registered with the SEC; (13) monitor the calculation of performance data for the Fund; (14) prepare, or cause to be prepared, expense and financial reports; (15) prepare authorization for the payment of Trust expenses and pay, from Trust assets, all bills of the Trust; (16) provide information typically supplied in the investment company industry to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies; (17) upon request, assist the Fund in the evaluation and selection of other service providers, such as independent public accountants, printers, EDGAR providers and proxy solicitors (such parties may be affiliates of GFS); and (18) perform other services, recordkeeping and assistance relating to the affairs of the Trust as the Trust may, from time to time, reasonably request.
GFS also provides the Fund with accounting services, including: (i) daily computation of net asset value; (ii) maintenance of security ledgers and books and records as required by the 1940 Act; (iii) production of the Fund’s listing of portfolio securities and general ledger reports; (iv) reconciliation of accounting records; (v) calculation of yield and total return for the Fund; (vi) maintaining certain books and records described in Rule 31a-1 under the 1940 Act, and reconciling account information and balances among the Fund’s custodian and Advisor; and (vii) monitoring and evaluating daily income and expense accruals, and sales and redemptions of shares of the Fund.
GFS also acts as transfer, dividend disbursing, and shareholder servicing agent for the Fund pursuant to the Agreement. Under the agreement, GFS is responsible for administering and performing transfer agent functions, dividend distribution, shareholder administration, and maintaining necessary records in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
For the services rendered to the Fund by GFS, the Fund pays GFS the greater of an annual minimum fee or an asset based fee, which scales downward based upon net assets. The Fund also pays GFS for any out-of-pocket expenses.
GFS also served as administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent to the Predecessor Fund pursuant to a Fund Services Agreement between the Predecessor Fund and GFS. The Predecessor Fund paid GFS the following amounts during the last three fiscal years:
Fiscal Year Ended March 30 | Administrative Services Fees | Fund Accounting Fees | Transfer Agent Fees |
2014 | $40,555 | $26,485 | $41,129 |
2015 | $36,575 | $25,984 | $39,279 |
2016 | | | |
MFund Services LLC (“MFund”) provides the Fund with various management and administrative services. For these services, the Fund pays MFund an annual fixed fee and an asset-based fee, which scales downward based upon net assets, applied at the fund family level (i.e., all the funds in the Trust advised by the Advisor):
In addition, the Fund reimburses MFund for any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of its duties under the Management Services Agreement. Jerry Szilagyi is the controlling member of MFund Services, the controlling member of the Advisor, Catalyst Capital Advisors LLC and AlphaCentric Advisors LLC (each an investment advisor to certain series of the Trust), and a Trustee of the Trust.
COMPLIANCE SERVICES
Pursuant to a Compliance Services Agreements, MFund provides chief compliance officer services to the Funds. For these services, the Fund pays MFund a monthly base fee plus an asset-based fee. In addition, the Fund reimburse MFund for any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of its duties under the Services Agreement.
Northern Lights Compliance Services, LLC (“NLCS”), 17605 Wright Street, Suite 2, Omaha, NE 68130, an affiliate of GFS and the Distributor, provided a Chief Compliance Officer to the Predecessor Fund as well as related compliance services pursuant to a consulting agreement between NLCS and the Predecessor Fund. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014, the Predecessor Fund incurred $11,001 for compliance service fees. For the fiscal period ended March 31, 2015, the Predecessor Fund incurred $14,500 for compliance service fees. For the fiscal period ended March 31, 2016, the Predecessor Fund incurred $[ ] for compliance service fees.
CUSTODIAN
The Huntington National Bank, 41 South High Street, Columbus, OH 43215, serves as the custodian of the Fund. The custodian has custody of all securities and cash of the Fund. The custodian, among other things, attends to the collection of principal and income and payment for and collection of proceeds of securities bought and sold by the Fund.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm is Cohen & Company, Ltd., 1350 Euclid Ave., Suite 800, Cleveland, OH 44115. Shareholders will receive annual financial statements, together with a report of independent accountants, and semiannual unaudited financial statements of the Funds. Cohen & Company, Ltd. will report on the Funds’ annual financial statements, review certain regulatory reports and the Funds’ income tax returns, and perform other professional accounting, auditing, tax and advisory services when engaged to do so by the Funds.
COUNSEL
Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High Street, Suite 1700, Columbus, Ohio 43215, serves as counsel for the Trust.
DISTRIBUTOR
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC, located at 17605 Wright Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68130, serves as the principal underwriter and national distributor for the shares of the Fund pursuant to an Underwriting Agreement with the Trust (the “Underwriting Agreement”). The Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and each state’s securities laws and is a member of FINRA. The offering of the Fund's shares
is continuous. The Underwriting Agreement provides that the Distributor, as agent in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, will use reasonable efforts to facilitate the sale of the Fund's shares.
The Underwriting Agreement provides that, unless sooner terminated, it will continue in effect for two years initially and thereafter shall continue from year to year, subject to annual approval by (a) the Board or a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares, and (b) by a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or of the Distributor by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Underwriting Agreement may be terminated by the Fund at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by vote of a majority of the entire Board of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund on 60 days' written notice to the Distributor, or by the Distributor at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on 60 days' written notice to the Fund. The Underwriting Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
Northern Lights Distributors, LLC also served as distributor of the Predecessor Fund. The following table sets forth the total compensation received by the Distributor from the Predecessor Fund during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2016:
Fund | Net Underwriting Discounts and Commissions | Compensation on Redemptions and Repurchases | Brokerage Commissions | Other Compensation |
| | | | |
The Distributor also received 12b-1 fees from Predecessor Fund as described under the following section entitled “Rule 12b-1 Plan”.
12b-1 Plans
The Fund has adopted plans (the “Plans”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12b-1 provides that any payments made by the Fund in connection with the distribution of its shares may be made only pursuant to a written plan describing all material aspects of the proposed financing of the distribution and also requires that all agreements with any person relating to the implementation of a plan must be in writing. Under the Fund’s Plan related to the Class A Shares, the Fund may pay an annual fee of up to 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the Fund’s Class A Shares (the “Class A 12b-1 Fee”). Class A Shares of the Fund are currently incurring an annual fee of up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets. If authorized by the Board of Trustees and upon notice to shareholders, the Fund may increase the percentage paid under the Plan up to the Class A 12b-1 Fee amount. Under the Fund’s Plan related to the Class C Shares, the Fund incurs an annual fee of up to 1.00% of the average daily net assets of the Fund’s Class C Shares (the “Class C 12b-1 Fee”) (the Class A 12b-1 Fee and Class C 12b-1 Fee are collectively referred to as the “12b-1 Fee”).
Each 12b-1 Fee may be used to pay a fee to broker-dealers on a quarterly basis, including the Distributor and affiliates of the Distributor, the Advisor, banks and savings and loan institutions and their affiliates and associated broker-dealers that have entered into Service Agreements with the Distributor (“Service Organizations”) of annual amounts of up to 0.25% of the average net asset value of all shares of the Fund owned by shareholders with whom the Service Organization has a servicing relationship. The 12b-1 Fees may also be used to reimburse service providers, including the Advisor, for shareholder services and distribution related expenses. It is expected that the Plans will aid the Fund in attracting new shareholders and assets that will provide benefits to the Fund including reduced expense ratios due to higher asset levels.
The Fund’s Plans continue in effect from year to year, provided that each such continuance is approved at least annually by a vote of the Trust's Board of Trustees, including a majority of the trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or in any agreements entered into in connection with the Plan (the “Qualified Trustees”). The Fund’s Plans may be terminated at any time, without penalty, by vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees of the Fund or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Any amendment to a Plan to increase materially the amount the
Fund is authorized to pay thereunder would require approval by a majority of the outstanding shares of the class of the Fund. Other material amendments to the Fund’s Plan would be required to be approved by vote of the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Qualified Trustees. The Distributor may at its own discretion waive a portion of its fees from time to time, although such waiver is not required.
Dealers who are holders or dealers of record for accounts in the Fund may receive payments from 12b-1 Fees. A dealer’s marketing support services may include business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Fund and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund list, and access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer. Dealers are compensated differently depending upon, among other factors, the level and/or type of marketing support provided by the dealer. From time to time, the Advisor, at its expense, may provide additional compensation to dealers that sell or arrange for the sale of shares of the Fund. Such compensation provided by the Advisor may include financial assistance to dealers that enable the Advisor to participate in and/or present at conferences or seminars, sales or training programs for invited registered representatives and other employees, client and investor events and other dealer-sponsored events. Other compensation may be offered to the extent not prohibited by state laws or any self-regulatory agency, such as FINRA. The Advisor makes payments for events they deem appropriate, subject to applicable law. These payments may vary depending upon the nature of the event.
The Predecessor Fund had a Master Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Plans, pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for the Predecessor Fund’s Class A shares pursuant to which the Predecessor Fund was authorized to pay the Distributor, as compensation for Distributor’s account maintenance services under the plan, a distribution and shareholder servicing fee at a rate of up to 0.25% for Class A shares of the Predecessor Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares.
The table below states the principal types of activities for which the Predecessor Fund’s Class A made payments under the Plans for the year ended March 31, 2016.
| Class A |
Advertising & Sales Literature | |
Printing & Mailing of Prospectuses | |
Compensation to Underwriters | |
Compensation to Broker Dealers | |
Compensation to Sales Personnel | |
Interest, Carrying or other Financial Charges | |
Compensation to the Advisor for Distribution-Related Expenses | |
Other - Accrued and Unpaid Expenses | |
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
With respect to Class A and Institutional Shares, the Fund may pay a shareholder servicing fee of up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets to financial intermediaries, including the Distributor, the Advisor and their affiliates for providing shareholder services and maintaining shareholder accounts. The financial intermediary may select others to perform these services for their customers and may pay them fees.
ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
The Fund may directly enter into agreements with “financial intermediaries” pursuant to which the Fund will pay the financial intermediary for services such as networking or sub-transfer agency, including the maintenance of “street name” or omnibus accounts and related sub-accounting, record-keeping and administrative services provided to such accounts. Payments made pursuant to such agreements are generally based on either: (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of clients serviced by such financial intermediary, or (2) the number of accounts serviced by such financial intermediary. Any payments made pursuant to such agreements are in addition to, rather than in lieu of, Rule 12b-1 or shareholder service fees the financial intermediary may also be receiving. From time to time, the Advisor or its affiliates may pay a portion of the fees for networking or sub-transfer agency at its or their own expense and out of its or their legitimate profits. These payments may be material to financial intermediaries relative to other compensation paid by the Funds and/or the Underwriter, the Advisor and their affiliates. The payments described above may differ and may vary from amounts paid to the Fund’s transfer agent or other service providers for providing similar services to other accounts. The financial intermediaries are not audited by the Funds, the Advisor or their service providers to determine whether such intermediaries are providing the services for which they are receiving such payments.
The Advisor or affiliates of the Advisor may also, at their own expense and out of their own legitimate profits, provide additional cash payments to financial intermediaries who sell shares of the Fund. These additional cash payments are payments over and above sales commissions or reallowances, distribution fees or servicing fees (including networking, administration and sub-transfer agency fees) payable to a financial intermediary which are disclosed elsewhere in the prospectus or this SAI. These additional cash payments are generally made to financial intermediaries that provide sub- accounting, sub-transfer agency, shareholder or administrative services or marketing support. Marketing support may include: (i) access to sales meetings or conferences, sales representatives and financial intermediary management representatives; (ii) inclusion of the Fund on a sales list, including a preferred or select sales list, or other sales programs to which financial intermediaries provide more marketing support than to other sales programs on which the Advisor or its affiliates may not need to make additional cash payments to be included; (iii) promotion of the sale of the Fund’s shares in communications with a financial intermediary’s customers, sales representatives or management representatives; and/or (iv) other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund’s shares. These additional cash payments also may be made as an expense reimbursement in cases where the financial intermediary provides shareholder services to Fund shareholders. The Advisor and its affiliates may also pay cash compensation in the form of finders’ fees or referral fees that vary depending on the dollar amount of shares sold.
The amount and value of additional cash payments vary for each financial intermediary. The availability of these additional cash payments, the varying fee structure within a particular additional cash payment arrangement and the basis for and manner in which a financial intermediary compensates its sales representatives may create a financial incentive for a particular financial intermediary and its sales representatives to recommend the Fund’s shares over the shares of other mutual funds based, at least in part, on the level of compensation paid. A financial intermediary and its sales representatives may have similar financial incentives to recommend a particular class of the Fund’s shares over other classes of the Fund’s shares. You should consult with your financial adviser and review carefully any disclosure by the financial firm as to compensation received by your financial adviser.
Although the Fund may use financial firms that sell its shares to effect portfolio transactions for the Fund, the Fund and the Advisor will not consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor when choosing financial firms to effect those transactions.
PROXY VOTING POLICY
The Board of Trustees of the Trust has delegated responsibilities for decisions regarding proxy voting for securities held by the Fund to the Sub-Advisor. The Sub-Advisor may delegate such proxy voting to a third party proxy voting service provider. The proxy voting delegate will vote such proxies in accordance with its proxy policies and procedures. In some instances, the proxy voting delegate may be asked to cast a proxy vote that
presents a conflict between its interests and the interests of the Fund’s shareholders. In such a case, the Trust’s policy requires that the proxy voting delegate abstain from making a voting decision and to forward all necessary proxy voting materials to the Trust to enable the Board of Trustees to make a voting decision. When the Board of Trustees of the Trust is required to make a proxy voting decision, only the Trustees without a conflict of interest with regard to the security in question or the matter to be voted upon shall be permitted to participate in the decision of how the Fund’s vote will be cast. Each proxy voting delegate has developed a detailed proxy voting policy that has been approved by the Board of Trustees. The Sub-Advisor's Proxy Voting Policies are attached hereto as Appendix B.
Information on how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities is available without charge, upon request, by calling 855-552-4596or on the SEC's Internet site at www.sec.gov. In addition, a copy of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures is also available by calling 855-552-4596 and will be sent within three business days of receipt of a request.
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
Turnover rates are primarily a function of the Fund’s response to market conditions. The portfolio turnover rates of the Fund for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016 were [ ]% and [ ]%, respectively.
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS
Purchases and sales of securities on a securities exchange are effected by brokers, and the Fund pays a brokerage commission for this service. In transactions on stock exchanges, these commissions are negotiated. In the over-the-counter market, securities (e.g., debt securities) are normally traded on a "net" basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price of the securities usually includes a profit to the dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price, which includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter's concession or discount.
The primary consideration in placing portfolio security transactions with broker-dealers for execution is to obtain and maintain the availability of execution at the most favorable prices and in the most effective manner possible. The Advisor attempts to achieve this result by selecting broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions on behalf of the Fund on the basis of the broker-dealers' professional capability, the value and quality of their brokerage services and the level of their brokerage commissions.
Although commissions paid on every transaction will, in the judgment of the Advisor, be reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage services provided, under the Management Agreement and as permitted by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Advisor may cause the Fund to pay a commission to broker-dealers who provide brokerage and research services to the Advisor for effecting a securities transaction for the Fund. Such commission may exceed the amount other broker-dealers would have charged for the transaction, if the Advisor determines in good faith that the greater commission is reasonable relative to the value of the brokerage and the research and investment information services provided by the executing broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the Advisor’s overall responsibilities to the Fund and to its other clients. Such research and investment information services may include advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, the availability of securities or of purchasers or sellers of securities, furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts, and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto such as clearance and settlement.
Research provided by brokers is used for the benefit of all of the clients of the Advisor and not solely or necessarily for the benefit of the Fund. The Advisor's investment management personnel attempt to evaluate the quality of research provided by brokers. Results of this effort are sometimes used by the Advisor as a consideration in the selection of brokers to execute portfolio transactions.
The investment advisory fees that the Fund pays to the Advisor will not be reduced as a consequence of the Advisor's receipt of brokerage and research services. To the extent the Fund's portfolio transactions are used to obtain such services, the brokerage commissions paid by the Fund will exceed those that might otherwise be paid, by an amount, which cannot be presently determined. Such services would be useful and of value to the Advisor in serving both the Fund and other clients and, conversely, such services obtained by the placement of brokerage business of other clients would be useful to the Advisor in carrying out its obligations to the Fund.
Certain investments may be appropriate for the Fund and also for other clients advised by the Advisor. Investment decisions for the Fund and other clients are made with a view to achieving their respective investment objectives and after consideration of such factors as their current holdings, availability of cash for investment and the size of their investments generally. To the extent possible, Fund transactions are traded separately from trades of other clients advised by the Advisor. Occasionally, a particular security may be bought or sold for one or more clients in different amounts. In such event, and to the extent permitted by applicable law and regulations, such transactions with respect to the Advisor will be allocated among the clients in a manner believed to be equitable to each. Ordinarily, such allocation will be made on the basis of the weighted average price of such transactions effected during a trading day.
The Fund has no obligation to deal with any broker or dealer in the execution of its transactions. However, the Fund may place substantially all or a significant portion of its transactions, both in stocks and options, with affiliates of the Advisor or the Distributor. As the level of securities trading increases, the level of commissions paid by the Fund to the affiliates increases. Such transactions will be executed at competitive commission rates through the affiliated broker’s clearing broker. Because the affiliates receive compensation based on the amount of transactions completed, there could be an incentive on the part of the Advisor to effect as many transactions as possible thereby maximizing the commissions and premiums it receives. In connection with the execution of transactions, subject to its policy of best execution, the Fund may pay higher brokerage commissions to the affiliate than it might pay to unaffiliated broker-dealers.
In order for the affiliated broker to effect any portfolio transactions for the Fund on an exchange, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by the affiliated broker must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold on an exchange during a comparable period of time. This standard would allow the affiliated broker to receive no more than the remuneration that would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated broker in a commensurate arms-length transaction.
Under the Investment Company Act of 1940, persons affiliated with the Advisor or the Distributor, or an affiliate of the Advisor (such as J.A. Glynn Investments, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of J.A. Glynn & Co.) or the Distributor, may be prohibited from dealing with the Fund as a principal in the purchase and sale of securities. Therefore, affiliates of the Advisor or Distributor will not serve as the Fund’s dealer in connection with over-the-counter transactions. However, affiliates of the Advisor may serve as the Fund’s broker in over-the-counter transactions conducted on an agency basis and will receive brokerage commissions in connection with such transactions. Such agency transactions will be executed through the clearing broker.
The Fund will not effect any brokerage transactions in its portfolio securities with an affiliate if such transactions would be unfair or unreasonable to Fund shareholders, and the commissions will be paid solely for the execution of trades and not for any other services. The Investment Advisory Agreements provide that affiliates of affiliates of the Advisor may receive brokerage commissions in connection with effecting such transactions for the Fund. In determining the commissions to be paid to an affiliated broker, it is the policy of the Trust that such commissions will, in the judgment of the Trust’s Board of Trustees, be (a) at least as favorable to the Fund as those which would be charged by other qualified brokers having comparable execution capability and (b) at least as favorable to the Fund as commissions contemporaneously charged by the affiliated broker on comparable transactions for its most favored unaffiliated customers, except for customers of the affiliated broker considered by a majority of the Trust’s disinterested Trustees not to be comparable to the Fund. The disinterested Trustees from time to time review, among other things, information relating to the commissions charged by an affiliated broker to the Fund and its other customers, and rates and other information concerning the commissions charged by other qualified brokers.
The Agreement does not provide for a reduction of the Distributor's or Advisor’s fee by the amount of any profits earned by an affiliated broker from brokerage commissions generated from portfolio transactions of the Fund. While other brokerage business may be given from time to time to other firms, the affiliated brokers will not receive reciprocal brokerage business as a result of the brokerage business placed by the Fund with others.
The Fund will not acquire portfolio securities issued by, or enter into repurchase agreements or reverse repurchase agreements with, the Advisor, the Distributor or their affiliates.
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2014, the Fund paid brokerage commissions of approximately $103,636. For the fiscal period ended March 31, 2015, the Fund paid brokerage commissions of approximately $157,573. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016, the Fund paid brokerage commissions of approximately $[ ].
Purchase and Redemption of Shares
Fund shares may be purchased from investment dealers who have sales agreements with the Fund’s Distributor or from the Distributor directly. As described in the Prospectus, the Fund provides you with alternative ways of purchasing Fund shares based upon your individual investment needs and preferences by offering multiple classes of shares. Additional information about sales charges (loads) for the purchase of Class A shares of the Fund is below.
Class A Shares
You may purchase Class A shares at a public offering price equal to the applicable net asset value per share plus an up-front sales charge imposed at the time of purchase as set forth in the Prospectus.
Shares may be purchased at the public offering price through any securities dealer having a sales agreement with the Distributor. Shares may also be purchased through banks and certain other financial institutions that have agency agreements with the Distributor. These financial institutions will receive transaction fees that are the same as the commissions to dealers and may charge their customers service fees relating to investments in the Fund. Purchase requests should be addressed to the dealer or agent from which the Prospectus was received which has a sales agreement with the Distributor. Such dealer or agent may place a telephone order with the Distributor for the purchase of Fund shares. It is a dealer’s or broker’s responsibility to promptly forward payment and registration instructions (or completed applications) to the Transfer Agent for shares being purchased in order for investors to receive the next determined net asset value (or public offering price). Reference should be made to the wire order to ensure proper settlement of the trade.
Reference should be made to the wire order to ensure proper settlement of the trade. Payment for redemptions of shares purchased by telephone should be processed within three business days. Payment must be received within seven days of the order or the trade may be canceled, and the dealer or broker placing the trade will be liable for any losses.
18f-1 Election
The Trust has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act pursuant to which the Trust is obligated during any 90 day period to redeem shares for any one shareholder of record solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the NAV of the Fund at the beginning of such period. The Trust has made this election to permit certain funds of the Trust to deliver, in lieu of cash, readily marketable securities from its portfolio should a redemption exceed such limitations. The securities delivered will be selected at the sole discretion of such Fund, will not necessarily be representative of the entire portfolio and may be securities, which the Fund would otherwise sell. The redeeming shareholder will usually incur brokerage costs in converting the securities to cash. The method of valuing securities used to make the redemptions in kind will be the same as the method of valuing portfolio securities and such valuation will be made as of the same time the redemption price is determined. However, the Board of Trustees of the Trust has determined that, until otherwise approved by the Board, all redemptions in the Fund be made in cash only. If the Board determines to allow the Fund to redeem in kind in the future, the Fund will provide shareholders with notice of such change to the redemption policy.
Reduction of Up-Front Sales Charge on Class A Shares
Letters of Intent
An investor may qualify for a reduced sales charge on Class A shares immediately by stating his or her intention to invest in Class A shares of the Fund, during a 13-month period, an amount that would qualify for a reduced sales charge shown in the Fund’s Prospectus under “How to Buy Shares — Class A Shares” and by signing a non-binding Letter of Intent, which may be signed at any time within 90 days after the first investment to be included under the Letter of Intent. After signing the Letter of Intent, each investment in Class A shares made by an investor will be entitled to the sales charge applicable to the total investment indicated in the Letter of Intent. If an investor does not complete the purchases under the Letter of Intent within the 13-month period, the sales charge will be adjusted upward, corresponding to the amount actually purchased. When an investor signs a Letter of Intent, Class A shares of the Fund with a value of up to 5% of the amount specified in the Letter of Intent will be restricted. If the total purchases of Class A shares made by an investor under the Letter of Intent, less redemptions, prior to the expiration of the 13-month period equals or exceeds the amount specified in the Letter of Intent, the restriction on the shares will be removed. In addition, if the total purchases of Class A shares exceed the amount specified and qualify for a further quantity discount, the Distributor will make a retroactive price adjustment and will apply the adjustment to purchase additional Class A shares at the then current applicable offering price. If an investor does not complete purchases under a Letter of Intent, the sales charge is adjusted upward, and, if after written notice to the investor, he or she does not pay the increased sales charge, sufficient Class A restricted shares will be redeemed at the current net asset value to pay such charge.
Rights of Accumulation
A right of accumulation ("ROA") permits an investor to aggregate shares owned by the investor, his spouse, children and grandchildren under 21 (cumulatively, the "Investor") in some or all Funds in the Trust to reach a breakpoint discount. This includes accounts held with other financial institutions and accounts established for a single trust estate or single fiduciary account, including a qualified retirement plan such as an IRA, 401(k) or 403(b) plan (some restrictions may apply). The value of shares eligible for a cumulative quantity discount equals the cumulative cost of the shares purchased (not including reinvested dividends) or the current account market value; whichever is greater. The current market value of the shares is determined by multiplying the number of shares by the previous day’s net asset value.
| (a) | Investor's current purchase of Class A shares in the Fund; and |
| (b) | The net asset value (at the close of business on the previous day) of the Class A shares of the Fund held by Investor. |
For example, if Investor owned Class A shares worth $40,000 at the current net asset value and purchased an additional $10,000 of Class A shares, the sales charge for the $10,000 purchase would be at the rate applicable to a single $50,000 purchase.
To qualify for a ROA on a purchase of Class A shares through a broker-dealer, when each purchase is made, the individual investor or the broker-dealer must provide the Fund with sufficient information to verify that the purchase qualifies for the discount.
Investments of $1 Million or More
With respect to Class A shares, if you invest $1 million or more, either as a lump sum or through our rights of accumulation quantity discount or letter of intent programs, you can buy Class A shares without an initial sales charge. However, you may be subject to a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) on shares redeemed within 18 months of purchase (excluding shares purchased with reinvested dividends and/or distributions).
Waivers of Up-Front Sales Charge on Class A Shares
The Prospectus describes the classes of persons that may purchase shares without an up-front sales charge. The elimination of the up-front sales charge for redemptions by certain classes of persons is provided because of anticipated economies of scale and sales related efforts.
To qualify for a waiver of the up-front sales charge on a purchase of Class A shares through a broker-dealer, when each purchase is made, the individual investor or the broker-dealer must provide the Fund with sufficient information to verify that the purchase qualifies for the discount.
The Fund makes available, free of charge, more information about sales charge reductions and waivers through the prospectus or through your financial advisor.
NET ASSET VALUE
Net asset value per share is determined by dividing the total value of the Fund's assets, less any liabilities, by the number of shares of the Fund outstanding.
The NAV per share of the Fund is determined by the Administrator as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., EST) on each day when the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading. The New York Stock Exchange is closed on the following holidays: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day as observed.
Assets for which market quotations are available are valued as follows: (a) each listed security is valued at its closing price obtained from the respective primary exchange on which the security is listed, or, if there were no sales on that day, at its last reported current bid price; (b) each unlisted security is valued at the last current bid price obtained from the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System; (c) United States Government and agency obligations are valued based upon bid quotations from the Federal Reserve Bank for identical or similar obligations; (d) short-term money market instruments (such as certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and commercial paper) are most often valued by bid quotation or by reference to bid quotations of available yields for similar instruments of issuers with similar credit ratings. All of these prices are obtained by the Administrator from services, which collect and disseminate such market prices. Bid quotations for short-term money market instruments reported by such a service are the bid quotations reported to it by the major dealers.
Certain securities may be valued on the basis of valuations provided by an independent pricing service when such prices the Advisor believes reflect the fair value of such securities. These securities would normally be those, which have no available recent market value, have few outstanding shares and therefore infrequent trades, or for which there is a lack of consensus on the value, with quoted prices covering a wide range. The lack of consensus would result from relatively unusual circumstances such as no trading in the security for long periods of time, or a company's involvement in merger or acquisition activity, with widely varying valuations placed on the company's assets or stock. Prices provided by an independent pricing service may be determined without exclusive reliance on quoted prices and may take into account appropriate factors such as institutional-size trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other market data.
In the absence of an ascertainable market value, assets are valued at their fair value as determined by the Fund's Advisor using methods and procedures reviewed and approved by the Trustees.
Short-term securities with remaining maturities of sixty days or less for which market quotations and information pricing service are not readily available are valued either at amortized cost or at original cost plus accrued interest, both of which approximate current value.
TAX INFORMATION
The Fund has qualified, and intends to continue to qualify, as a regulated investment company, or “RIC”, under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Qualification generally will relieve the Fund of liability for federal income taxes. If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify for the special tax treatment
afforded regulated investment companies, all of its taxable income will be subject to federal tax at regular corporate rates (without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders). In such event, dividend distributions would be taxable to shareholders to the extent of the Fund’s earnings and profits, and would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporations.
The Fund’s net realized capital gains from securities transactions will be distributed only after reducing such gains by the amount of any available capital loss carryforwards. Capital losses incurred in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 may now be carried forward indefinitely and retain the character of the original loss. Under previously enacted laws, capital losses could only be carried forward to offset any capital gains for eight years, and carried forward as short-term capital, irrespective of the character of the original loss. Capital loss carryforwards are available to offset future realized capital gains. To the extent that these carryforwards are used to offset future capital gains it is probable that the amount offset will not be distributed to shareholders.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, certain U.S. shareholders, including individuals and estates and trusts, will be subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which should include dividends from the Fund and net gains from the disposition of shares of the Fund. U.S. shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the implications of the additional Medicare tax resulting from an investment in the Fund.
Payments to a shareholder that is either a foreign financial institution (“FFI”) or a non-financial foreign entity (“NFFE”) within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by a Fund after June 30, 2014 and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund after December 31, 2016. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of foreign financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
INVESTMENTS IN FOREIGN SECURITIES
The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on income from certain foreign securities. This, in turn, could reduce the Fund's income dividends paid to you.
Pass-Through of Foreign Tax Credits. The Fund may be subject to certain taxes imposed by the countries in which it invests or operates. If the Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company and if more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of any taxable year consists of stocks or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to treat any foreign taxes paid by the Fund that qualify as income or similar taxes under U.S. income tax principles as having been paid by the Fund’s shareholders. It is not likely that the Fund will be able to do so. For any year for which the Fund makes such an election, each shareholder will be required to include in its gross income an amount equal to its allocable share of such taxes paid by the Fund and the shareholders will be entitled, subject to certain limitations, to credit their portions of these amounts against their U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, or to deduct their portions from their U.S. taxable income, if any. No deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by individuals who do not itemize deductions. In any year in which it elects to “pass through” foreign taxes to shareholders, the Fund will notify shareholders within 60 days after the close of the Fund’s taxable year of the amount of such taxes and the sources of its income. Furthermore, the amount of the foreign tax credit that is available may be limited to the extent that dividends from a foreign corporation qualify for the lower tax rate on “qualified dividend income.”
Effect of Foreign Debt Investments and Hedging on Distributions. Under the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates, which occur between the time the Fund accrues receivables or liabilities denominated in a foreign currency, and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities, generally are treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss. Similarly, on disposition of debt securities
denominated in a foreign currency and on disposition of certain options and futures contracts, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains when distributed are taxable to you as ordinary income, and any losses reduce the Fund's ordinary income otherwise available for distribution to you. This treatment could increase or decrease the Fund's ordinary income distributions to you, and may cause some or all of the Fund's previously distributed income to be classified as a return of capital. A return of capital generally is not taxable to you, but reduces the tax basis of your shares in the Fund. Any return of capital in excess of your basis, however, is taxable as a capital gain.
PFIC securities. The Fund may invest in securities of foreign entities that could be deemed for tax purposes to be passive foreign investment companies (PFICs). In general, a foreign corporation is classified as a PFIC if at least one-half of its assets constitute investment-type assets, or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. When investing in PFIC securities, the Fund may elect to mark-to-market a PFIC and recognize any gains at the end of its fiscal and excise (described above) tax years. Deductions for losses are allowable only to the extent of any current or previously recognized gains. These gains (reduced by allowable losses) are treated as ordinary income that the Fund is required to distribute, even though it has not sold the securities. You should also be aware that distributions from a PFIC are generally not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on “qualified dividend income.” In the alternative, the Fund may elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” (a “QEF election”), in which case the Fund would be required to include its share of the company’s income and net capital gains annually, regardless of whether it receives distributions from the company. The QEF and mark-to-market elections may require the Fund to sell securities it would have otherwise continued to hold in order to make distributions to shareholders to avoid any Fund-level tax. Income from investments in PFICs generally will not qualify for treatment as qualified dividend income.
BACKUP WITHHOLDING
The Fund may be required to withhold U.S. federal income tax at the fourth lowest tax rate applicable to unmarried individuals of all reportable payments, including dividends, capital gain distributions and redemptions payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or to make required certifications, or who have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding. Corporate shareholders and certain other shareholders specified in the Code generally are exempt from such backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.
FOREIGN SHAREHOLDERS
U.S. withholding and estate taxes may apply to any investments made by non-U.S. investors in the Fund. The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, as extended by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 and later by the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, provides relief from U.S. withholding tax for certain properly designated distributions made with respect to the Fund’s taxable year beginning prior to 2012, assuming the investor provides valid tax documentation certifying non-U.S. status. The relief does not by its terms apply to the Fund’s taxable year beginning in or after 2012 unless so extended by Congress. The Fund will generally apply this relief, where applicable, to Fund distributions made to you if you invest directly with the Fund. If you hold Fund shares through a broker or intermediary, your broker or intermediary may apply this relief to distributions made to you with respect to those shares. If your broker or intermediary instead collects withholding tax where this relief is applicable, you may be able to reclaim such withholding tax from the IRS. Please consult your tax advisor.
Please be aware that the U.S. tax information contained in this Statement of Additional Information is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of avoiding U.S. tax penalties.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements of the Predecessor Fund and the independent registered public accounting firm's report appearing in the Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 are hereby incorporated by reference. You can obtain the Annual Report without charge by calling 1-855-552-4596.
Appendix A—Description of Commercial Paper and Bond Ratings
Description of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), Short-Term Debt Ratings
Prime-1. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 (“P-1”) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. P-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: leading market positions in well-established industries; high rates of return on funds employed; conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation; well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.
Prime-2. Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 (“P-2”) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.
Description of Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“Standard & Poor’s”), Commercial Paper Ratings
A. Issues assigned this highest rating are regarded as having the greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are delineated with the numbers 1, 2, and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety. A-1. This designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics are denoted with a plus (+) sign designation. A-2. Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high for issues designated A-1.
Description of Moody’s Long-Term Debt Ratings
Aaa. Bonds that are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin, and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues; Aa. Bonds that are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds, because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities; A. Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are considered as upper-medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment some time in the future; Baa. Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium-grade obligations (i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured). Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well; Ba. Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well-assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class; B. Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small; Caa. Bonds that are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest; Ca. Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings; C. Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds, and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.
Note: Moody’s applies numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa to B. The modifier 1 indicates that the company ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the company ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.
Description of Standard & Poor’s Corporate Debt Ratings
AAA. Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong; AA. Debt Rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs from the higher rated issues only in small degree; A. Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories; BBB. Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher rated categories; BB, B, CCC, CC, C. Debt Rated BB, B, CCC,
CC, and C is regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and C the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are out-weighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions; BB. Debt rated BB has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The BB rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BBB- rating; B. Debt rated B has a greater vulnerability to default but currently has the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The B rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied BB or BB- rating; CCC. Debt rated CCC has a currently identifiable vulnerability to default and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The CCC rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied B or B- rating; CC. The rating CC is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied CCC rating; C. The rating C is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied CCC- debt rating. The C rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued; CI. The rating CI is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid; D. Debt rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION.
Indemnification is provided to Officers and Trustees of the Registrant pursuant to Article VII, Section 4 of Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust and Section 2 of the Trustees’ Indemnification Agreements. The Investment Advisory Contracts provide that, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence, on the part of the Adviser in the performance of its duties or from reckless disregard by it of its obligations and duties under the Investment Advisory Contracts. Adviser shall not be liable for any error of judgment or mistake of law or for any loss suffered by the Fund in connection with the performance of the Investment Advisory Contracts. Indemnification of Registrant’s distributor, custodian and transfer agent against certain losses is provided for, respectively, in Section 10 of the Distributor’s Contract, incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit (e)(i), Section 8 of the Custodian Contract, incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit (g)(i) and Section 8 of the Transfer Agency Agreement incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit (h)(i). Registrant’s Trustees and Officers are covered by an Investment Trust Errors and Omissions Policy.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to Trustees, Officers, and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Declaration of Trust or otherwise, the Registrant is aware that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and, therefore, is unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by Trustees, Officers, or controlling persons of the Registrant in connection with the successful defense of any act, suit, or proceeding) is asserted by such Trustees, Officers, or controlling persons in connection with the shares being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issues.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities may be permitted pursuant to Section 17 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 for Trustees, Officers, and controlling persons of the Registrant by the Registrant pursuant to the Declaration of Trust or otherwise, the Registrant is aware of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission as set forth in Investment Company Act Release No. IC-11330. Therefore, the Registrant undertakes that in addition to complying with the applicable provisions of the Declaration of Trust or otherwise, in the absence of a final decision on the merits by a court or other body before which the proceeding was brought, that an indemnification payment will not be made unless in the absence of such a decision, a reasonable determination based upon factual review has been made (i) by a majority vote of a quorum of non-party Trustees who are not interested persons of the Registrant or (ii) by independent legal counsel in a written opinion that the indemnitee was not liable for an act of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of duties. The Registrant further undertakes that advancement of expenses incurred in the defense of a proceeding (upon undertaking for repayment unless it is ultimately determined that indemnification is appropriate) against an Officer, Trustee, or controlling person of the Registrant will not be made absent the fulfillment of at least one of the following conditions: (i) the indemnitee provides security for his undertaking; (ii) the Registrant is insured against losses arising by reason of any lawful advances; or (iii) a majority of a quorum of disinterested non-party Trustees or independent legal counsel in a written opinion makes a factual determination that there is reason to believe the indemnitee will be entitled to indemnification.
ITEM 16. EXHIBITS.
| (a)(1) | Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant dated April 27, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (a)(2) | Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Registrant dated April 27, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (a)(3) | Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Trust of the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (b)(1) | Bylaws of the Registrant dated April 27, 2006 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (c)(1) | Agreement and Plan of Reorganization between Northern Lights Fund Trust and Registrant (incorporated herein as Exhibit A). |
| (d)(1) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Dividend Capture Fund, International Equity Fund, Mid Corp America Fund, New Economy Fund, Rotating Markets Fund, Macro 100 Fund and Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(2) | Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Dividend Capture Fund, International Equity Fund, Mid Corp America Fund, New Economy Fund, Rotating Markets Fund, Macro 100 Fund and Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(3) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund, Growth Fund, Income Equity Fund, Fixed Income Securities Fund, Short/Intermediate Fixed Income Securities Fund, Money Market Fund, Ohio Municipal Money Market Fund, Ohio Tax-Free Fund, Michigan Tax-Free Fund, Mortgage Securities Fund, Florida Tax-Free Fund and Intermediate Government Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(4) | Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund, Growth Fund, Income Equity Fund, Fixed Income Securities Fund, Short/Intermediate Fixed Income Securities Fund, Money Market Fund, Ohio Municipal Money Market Fund, Ohio Tax-Free Fund, Michigan Tax-Free Fund, Mortgage Securities Fund, Florida Tax-Free Fund and Intermediate Government Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(5) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated September 11, 2007, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(6) | Amendment to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(7) | Letter Agreement dated June 23, 2006, to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 28, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(8) | Letter Agreement dated February 27, 2007, to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA |
International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 filed April 29, 2008 (File No. 811-05010).
| (d)(9) | Letter Agreement dated February 27, 2007, to Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 31, 2007, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 filed April 29, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(10) | Letter Agreement dated January 24, 2008, to Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Dividend Capture Fund, VA Growth Fund, VA International Equity Fund, VA Income Equity Fund, VA Macro 100 Fund, VA Mid Corp America Fund, VA Mortgage Securities Fund, VA New Economy Fund, VA Rotating Markets Fund and VA Situs Small Cap Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 57 filed April 29, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(11) | Subadvisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Laffer Investments, Inc. (terminated) - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(12) | Amended and Restated Exhibit 1 to Schedule A to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(13) | Letter Agreement dated October 29, 2008, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Balanced Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(14) | Letter Agreement dated January 29, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Balanced Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(15) | Amended and restated Exhibit A dated October 21, 2008, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(16) | Amended and restated Schedule A dated May 1, 2008, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(17) | Letter Agreement dated April 27, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the VA Balanced Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(18) | Letter Agreement dated June 15, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Tax-Free Money Market Fund, Money Market Fund, Ohio Municipal Money Market Fund and U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(19) | Letter Agreement dated July 29, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Growth Allocation Fund, Balanced Allocation Fund and Conservative Allocation Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(20) | Letter Agreement dated December 28, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Global Select markets Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(21) | Amended and restated Schedule A dated December 28, 2009, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(22) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(23) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(24) | Investment Subadvisory Agreement dated July 21, 2011, between Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Haberer Registered Investment Advisor, Inc., relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(25) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated May 25, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 filed June 1, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(26) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated June 22, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Longer Duration Fixed Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 filed July 6, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(27) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 9, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 filed August 16, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(28) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 9, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 filed August 16, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(29) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(30) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(31) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington VA Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(32) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(33) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(34) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Money Market Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(35) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(36) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 19, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington VA Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(37) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 20, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Money Market Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(38) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 20, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington Retail Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(39) | Amendment to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated August 20, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. on behalf of the Huntington VA Funds – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(40) | Management Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. (formerly, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc.) - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (d)(41) | Amendment to the Management Agreement, dated February 26, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc.– Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).. |
(d)(42) Sub-Advisory Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between Rational Advisors, Inc. and The Cambridge Strategy (Asset Management) Limited – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
| (d)(43) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between Rational Advisors, Inc. and Chesapeake Capital Corporation– is Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(1) | Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(2) | Amendment to Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(3) | Exhibit A to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(4) | Amended and restated Amendment #1 to Exhibit A to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(5) | Exhibit B to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(6) | Amendment #1 to Exhibit B dated April 30, 2007, to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(7) | Exhibit C to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(8) | Amendment #1 to Exhibit C dated April 30, 2007, to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(9) | Exhibit D to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(10) | Amended and restated Exhibit E dated August 31, 2007, to the Distributor’s Contract dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(11) | Form of Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2009, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(12) | Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2009, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., including Exhibits A and B - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(13) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A dated December 28, 2009 to the Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(14) | Amendment to the Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2009, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., including Exhibit A, relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(15) | Amendment to the Distribution Agreement dated April 1, 2009, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., including Exhibit A, relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(16) | Amendment to the Distribution Agreement dated May 25, 2012, including Exhibit A, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 filed June 1, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(17) | Amendment to the Distribution Agreement dated June 22, 2012, including Exhibit A, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., relating to the Huntington Longer Duration Fixed Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 filed July 6, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(18) | Amended Distribution Agreement dated August 31, 2012, including Exhibits A and B, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(19) | Letter Agreement dated November 15, 2012, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. relating to the U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(20) | Amended Distribution Agreement dated August 19, 2013, including Exhibits A and B, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(e)(21) Amended Distribution Agreement dated December 13, 2013, including Exhibits A and B, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
| (e)(22) | Amended Distribution Agreement dated August 19, 2014, including Exhibits A and B, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(23) | Amended Distribution Agreement dated August 20, 2015, including Exhibits A and B, between the Registrant and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. –Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(24) | Distribution Agreement dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant, Rational Advisors, Inc. and Unified Financial Securities, LLC – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (e)(25) | Form of Distribution Agreement, between the Registrant and Northern Lights Distributors, LLC – to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
| (f)(1) | Employee Lease Agreement dated July 9, 2013 between the Registrant, Huntington Strategy Shares and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. for the services rendered by the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (f)(2) | Amended and Restated Employee Lease Agreement dated August 19, 2014 between the Registrant, Huntington Strategy Shares and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. for the services rendered by the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(1) | Custodian Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(2) | Schedule A to Custodian Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(3) | Schedule B dated September 11, 2007 as Amended and Restated on August 31, 2007, to the Custodian Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(4) | Amendment to the Custodian Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(5) | Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(6) | Form of Exhibit A, Amended and Restated as of August 31, 2007, to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(7) | Schedule I to Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(8) | Foreign Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(9) | Schedule I to Foreign Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(10) | Form of Schedule II, Amended and Restated as of August 31, 2007, to Foreign Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(11) | Schedule III to Foreign Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(12) | Appendix I to Foreign Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(13) | Sub-Custody Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, The Huntington National Bank and PFPC Trust Company – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(14) | Custodian Agreement dated June 26, 2006, between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company including Schedules A, B and C and the Remote Access Services Addendum – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(15) | Schedules A and B to the Custodian Agreement dated October 21, 2008, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(16) | Securities Lending Customer Agreement dated September 19, 2007, between the Registrant and PFPC Trust Company – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(17) | Form of Global Sub-Custodian Agreement between The Huntington National Bank and Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(18) | Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(19) | Appendix B, Amended and Restated as of July 29, 2009, to the Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(20) | Appendix B, Amended and Restated as of December 28, 2009, to the Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(21) | Amendment to the Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank, relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(22) | Amendment to the Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank, relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(23) | Amended and Restated Custodian Agreement dated May 26, 2009, as amended August 31, 2012, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(24) | Amendment to Custodian Agreement dated November 8, 2012, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(25) | Revised Amendment to Custodian Agreement dated November 8, 2012, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(26) | Revised Amendment to Custodian Agreement effective June 1, 2013, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(27) | Amendment to Custodian Agreement effective August 19, 2014, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(28) | Amendment to Custodian Agreement effective November 1, 2015, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (g)(29) | Amendment to Custodian Agreement, dated February 26, 2016, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(1) | Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(2) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 filed October 21, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(3) | Exhibit B to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(4) | Exhibit C to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(5) | Exhibit D to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(6) | Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(7) | Amended and Restated Investment Company Exhibit as of August 31, 2007, to Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(8) | Administrative Services Fee Exhibit to Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(9) | First Amendment dated June 29, 2007, to Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(10) | Administrative Services Agreement (Shareholder Services) between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(11) | Exhibit A to Administrative Services Agreement (Shareholder Services) between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(12) | Agreement for Sub-Administrative Services dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, The Huntington National Bank and Federated Services Company - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(13) | Amended and Restated Investment Company Exhibit as of August 31, 2007 and dated September 11, 2007, to Agreement for Sub-Administrative Services dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, The Huntington National Bank and Federated Services Company - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(14) | Sub-Administrative Services Fee Exhibit to Agreement for Sub-Administrative Services dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, The Huntington National Bank and Federated Services Company - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(15) | First Amendment dated June 29, 2007 to Sub-Administrative Services Fee Exhibit to Agreement for Sub-Administrative Services dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant, The Huntington National Bank and Federated Services Company - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(16) | Financial Administration and Accounting Services Agreement between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated December 1, 2001 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(17) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of August 31, 2007 and dated September 22, 2007, to the Financial Administration and Accounting Services Agreement between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated December 1, 2001 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(18) | Fund Accounting Agreement dated May 1, 2002, between the Registrant and BISYS Fund Services Ohio, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(19) | Amendment #1 to the Fund Accounting Agreement dated May 1, 2002, between the Registrant and BISYS Fund Services Ohio, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(20) | Amendment #2 to the Fund Accounting Agreement dated May 1, 2002, between the Registrant and BISYS Fund Services Ohio, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(21) | Amendment #3 to the Fund Accounting Agreement dated May 1, 2002, between the Registrant and BISYS Fund Services Ohio, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(22) | Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Edgewood Services, Inc. and Hartford Life Insurance Company dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(23) | Schedule A dated June 23, 2006 to the Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Edgewood Services, Inc. and Hartford Life Insurance Company dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(24) | Form of Amended and Restated Amendment #1 dated August 31, 2007 to Schedule B of the Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Edgewood Services, Inc. and Hartford Life Insurance Company dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(25) | Schedule C to the Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Edgewood Services, Inc. and Hartford Life Insurance Company dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(26) | Form of Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Nationwide Life Insurance Company, Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Edgewood Services, Inc. dated June 23, 2006, including Exhibits A through E - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(27) | Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Edgewood Services, Inc., Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Transamerica Life Insurance Company dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 51 filed February 8, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(28) | Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Edgewood Services, Inc., Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (U.S.) dated January 1, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(29) | Registrant’s Shareholder Services Plan dated February 13, 2007 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(30) | Exhibit A dated September 10, 2008, to Registrant’s Shareholder Services Plan dated February 13, 2007 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 filed October 21, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(31) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(32) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(33) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(34) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(35) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(36) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated December 1, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(37) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee of Trust dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(38) | Consultant Agreement between Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Laffer Investments, Inc. dated September 1, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 filed October 21, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(39) | Schedule A to the Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Edgewood Services, Inc., Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (U.S.) dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(40) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee William H. Zimmer III, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(41) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee Thomas Westerfield, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(42) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee Mark Shary, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(43) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee Tadd Seitz, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(44) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee B. Randolph Bateman, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(45) | Appendix A to Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee David Schoedinger, dated October 21, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(46) | Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated December 1, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(47) | Form of Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Fund Sub-Administration Services between The Huntington National Bank and Unified Fund Services, Inc., dated April 1, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(48) | Form of Mutual Fund Sales and Services Agreement (Unified Financial Securities, Inc.) - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(49) | Amended and Restated Exhibit #2 to Exhibit A of the Administrative Services Agreement (Shareholder Services) between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated May 1, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(50) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of October 21, 2008, to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services between the Registrant and Unified Fund Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(51) | Amendment No. 2 dated November 1, 2008, to the Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Edgewood Services, Inc., Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc. and Transamerica Life Insurance Company - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(52) | Form of Shareholder Services Agreement of the Registrant (including Amended and Restated Amendment #1 to Exhibit A) - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(53) | Second Amended and Restated Exhibit A to The Huntington Funds Shareholder Services Plan dated September 17, 2008 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(54) | Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Sub-Administration Services between The Huntington National Bank and Unified Fund Services, Inc., dated April 1, 2009, including Exhibit A and Exhibit B - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(55) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A dated April 1, 2009, to the Administrative Services Agreement (Shareholder Services) between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(56) | Amendment dated May 7, 2009, to Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(57) | Fund Participation Agreement between Nationwide Financial Services, Inc. and Unified Financial Securities, Inc. as distributor of the Funds, dated April 21, 2009, including Exhibits A through D - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(58) | Form of Fund Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Unified Financial Securities, Inc. and Hartford Life Insurance Company, dated April 1, 2009, including Schedules A through C - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(59) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of July 29, 2009, to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Funds Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(60) | Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and Trustee Alistair Jessiman dated January 29, 2010 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(61) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of December 28, 2009, to the Shareholder Services Plan of The Huntington Funds - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(62) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of December 28, 2009, to the Shareholder Services Agreement of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(63) | Exhibit A to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Fund Sub-Administration Services dated December 28, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(64) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of December 28, 2009, to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services between Unified Fund Services, Inc. and The Huntington Funds - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(65) | Amended and restated Exhibit A as of December 28, 2009, to the Administrative Services Agreement - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(66) | Amendment to Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Fund Services, Inc., relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(67) | Amendment to Exhibit A of the Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank, relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(68) | Amendment to the Shareholder Services Agreement, regarding the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(69) | Amendment to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement, Transfer Agency Services, dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and Unified Fund Services, Inc., relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(70) | Amendment to Exhibit A of the Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank, relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(71) | Amendment to Shareholder Services Agreement, regarding the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(72) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A as of July 5, 2010, to the Financial Administration and Accounting Services Agreement dated December 1, 2001, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(73) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 25, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 filed June 1, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(74) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2011, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(75) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2011, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Conservative Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(76) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2011, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Growth Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(77) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2011, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(78) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2011, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Balanced Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(79) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(80) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Conservative Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(81) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Growth Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(82) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(83) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Balanced Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(84) | Amended Expense Limitation Agreement dated August 31, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(85) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated September 28, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(86) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated November 30, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington World Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(87) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington US Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(88) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 15, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(89) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(90) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Conservative Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(91) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Growth Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(92) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(93) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Balanced Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(94) | Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, as amended August 31, 2012, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(95) | Amendment to Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services dated August 31, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(96) | Administrative Services Agreement dated December 1, 2012, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(97) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated April 24, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Growth Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 91 filed April 30, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(98) 364-Day Credit Agreement dated January 18, 2013 and Letter Amendment dated December 27, 2012 between Citibank, N.A. and the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(99) Amendment No. 4 dated May 1, 2013, to the Participation Agreement between the Registrant, Unified Financial Securities, Inc., Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., Transamerica Financial Life Insurance Company and Transamerica Life Insurance Company – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(100) | Supplement to the Master Securities Loan Agreement dated May 22, 2013 between Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC, MS Securities Services Inc. and the Registrant on behalf of the Funds listed on Schedule 1 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(101) | Amendment to Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services dated August 19, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(102) Amendment to Exhibit A dated August 19, 2013 to the Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(103) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated November 22, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(104) Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(105) Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(106) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(107) Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(108) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(109) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington World Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed on December 12, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(110)Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 28, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No 100 filed on February 27, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(111)Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 28, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington World Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No 100 filed on February 27, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(112)Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, as amended December 13, 2013, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(113)364-Day Credit Agreement dated December 19, 2013, between Citibank, N.A. and the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(114) Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 10, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington International Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(115) Expense Limitation Agreement dated February 26, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Rotating Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(116) Expense Limitation Agreement dated March 5, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Growth Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(117) Expense Limitation Agreement dated March 5, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Income Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(118) Expense Limitation Agreement dated March 5, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Mid Corp America Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(119) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(120) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(121) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(122) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington International Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(123) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(124) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(125) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(126) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Conservative Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(127) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Growth Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(128) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Balanced Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(129) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(130) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA International Equity Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(131) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Rotating Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(132) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(133) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(134) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Mortgage Securities Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(135) Amendment to Exhibit A dated August 19, 2014 to the Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(136) | Amendment to Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services dated August 19, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(137) | Amendment dated June 1, 2014 to the Master Securities Loan Agreement dated February 21, 2012, and the Exclusive Fee Side Letter dated May 22, 2013, between Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC, and the Registrant on behalf of the Funds listed on Schedule I – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(138) | Exclusive Lending Letter dated July 11, 2014, and effective August 19, 2014, to the Master Securities Loan Agreement dated February 21, 2012, between Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC, and the Registrant on behalf of the Funds listed on Schedule I – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(139) | Form of Mutual Fund Sales and Services Agreement (Unified Financial Securities, Inc.) – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(140)Expense Limitation Agreement dated October 1, 2014, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated herein by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 filed April 30, 2015.
(h)(141)Revolving Credit Agreement dated December 18, 2014, between the Registrant and the Huntington National Bank – Incorporated herein by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 filed April 30, 2015.
| (h)(142) | Amendment to Exhibit A dated August 20, 2015 to the Administrative Services Agreement dated June 23, 2006, between the Registrant and The Huntington National Bank – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(143) | Amendment to Mutual Fund Services Agreement for Transfer Agency Services dated August 20, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(144) | Fund Services Agreement dated February 26, 2016, between the Registrant and Gemini Fund Services, LLC – to be filed by subsequent amendment. |
| (h)(145) | Exclusive Lending Letter dated April 30, 2015 to the Master Securities Loan Agreement dated February 21, 2012, between Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC, and the Registrant on behalf of the Funds listed on Schedule I – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (h)(146) | Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(147)Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(148) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(149) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(150) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(151) Expense Limitation Agreement dated May 1, 2015, between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., relating to the Huntington VA Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(152) Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington National Bank and Trustee Joseph L. Rezabek dated October 8, 2015, with regard to the Huntington Money Market Fund and Huntington U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(153) Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington National Bank and Trustee Mark Shary dated October 8, 2015, with regard to the Huntington Money Market Fund and Huntington U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(154) Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington National Bank and Trustee William H. Zimmer dated October 8, 2015, with regard to the Huntington Money Market Fund and Huntington U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(155) Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant, Huntington National Bank and Trustee Thomas J. Westerfield dated October 8, 2015, with regard to the Huntington Money Market Fund and Huntington U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(156) Registrant’s Amended and Restated Shareholder Services Plan, dated November 23, 2015 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(157)Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington Balanced Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(158)Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(159)Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington Global Select Markets Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(160) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington Real Strategies Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(161) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(162) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington VA Dividend Capture Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
.
(h)(163) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Huntington VA Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(164) Shareholder Services Plan, dated February 26, 2016 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(165) Mutual Fund Services Agreement between the Registrant and Huntington Asset Services, Inc. dated January 1, 2016 for fund accounting, fund administration and transfer agency services – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(166)Management Services Agreement between the Registrant and MFund Services, LLC dated January 1, 2016 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010)..
(h)(167) Amendment to Exhibit A, dated February, 26, 2016, to the Management Services Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between the Registrant and MFund Services, LLC. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(168) Wholesale Marketing and Distribution Agent Agreement dated January 1, 2016, - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(169) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated February 26, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy VA Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(170) Expense Limitation Agreement, dated May 1, 2016, between the Registrant and Rational Advisors, Inc. related to the Rational Dividend Capture Fund, Rational Risk Managed Emerging Markets Fund, rational Real Strategies Fund, Rational Defensive Growth Fund and Rational Strategic Allocation Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
| (h)(171) | Management Agreement, dated January 1, 2016, between Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy Fund Limited (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy VA Fund) and Rational Advisors, Inc. – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
(h)(172) Sub-Advisory Agreement between Rational Advisors, Inc. and Chesapeake Capital Corporation respecting Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy Fund Limited (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy VA Fund) – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(h)(173) Compliance Services Agreement, dated February 26, 2016, between the Registrant and MFund Services LLC – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
| (i)(1) | Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 47 filed April 29, 2005 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(2) | Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 filed February 14, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(3) | Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 71 filed April 15, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(4) | Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 84 filed June 1, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(5) | Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington Longer Duration Fixed Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 filed July 6, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
(i)(6) Opinion of Counsel as to legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington Dividend Capture Fund and Huntington Situs Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 94 filed October 15, 2013 (File No. 811-05010).
| (i)(7) | Opinion of Counsel as to the legality of shares being offered, relating to the Huntington Income Generation Fund and Huntington World Income Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 filed October 15, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(8) | Opinion of Counsel as to the legality of shares being offered, relating to the Catalyst Managed Futures Strategy VA Fund – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (i)(9) | Opinion and Consent of Counsel as to the legality of shares being offered, relating to the Rational Iron Horse Fund – filed herewith. |
| (j)(1) | Form of Opinion and Consent of Counsel as to tax matters and consequences to shareholders – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s N-14 filed July 21, 2016 (File No. 333-212618). |
| (k)(1) | Consent of Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accountants relating to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 113 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
(k)(2) Consent of Ernst & Young, LLP, the Trust’s former Independent Registered Public Accountants – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(k)(3) Consent of Cohen & Company, Ltd., Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accountants – is filed herewith.
| (l)(1) | Initial Capital Understanding - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 filed April 26, 1996 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(1) | Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(2) | Exhibit A to the Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(3) | Amended and Restated Exhibit 1 to Exhibit A to the Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(4) | Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated April 1, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(5) | Exhibit A to Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated April 1, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(6) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A dated December 28, 2009 to the Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated April 1, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(7) | Amendment to the Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated April 1, 2009, regarding the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(8) | Amendment to the Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated April 1, 2009, regarding the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(9) | Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated August 31, 2012 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(10) | Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated August 19, 2013 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 4, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
(m)(11)Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated December 13, 2013 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
| (m)(12) | Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated August 19, 2014 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (m)(13) | Amended and Restated Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated August 20, 2015 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 110 filed December 11, 2015 (File No. 811-05010). |
(m)(14) Amended and Restated Distribution Plan dated December 30, 2015 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(m)(15) Distribution Plan of the Registrant dated February 26, 2016 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(n)(1) Multiple Class Plan, dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010).
| (n)(2) | Exhibit to the Multiple Class Plan, dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(3) | Amended and Restated Exhibit #1 to Registrant’s Multiple Class Plan, dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(4) | Amended and Restated Exhibit #2 to Registrant’s Multiple Class Plan, dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(5) | Amended and Restated Exhibit dated December 28, 2009, to Registrant’s Multiple Class Plan, dated June 23, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(6) | Amendment to Registrant’s Multiple Class Plan regarding the Huntington World Income Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 72 filed May 2, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(7) | Form of Amendment to Registrant’s Multiple Class Plan regarding the Huntington Disciplined Equity Fund - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 76 filed July 28, 2011 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(8) | Amended Multiple Class Plan of the Registrant dated August 31, 2012 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 filed February 28, 2013 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (n)(9) | Second Amended Multiple Class Plan of the Registrant dated September 26, 2013 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
(n)(10) Third Amended Multiple Class Plan of the Registrant dated February 14, 2014 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 filed April 29, 2014 (File No. 811-05010).
| (n)(11) | Fourth Amended Multiple Class Plan of the Registrant dated February 26, 2016 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(1) | Powers of Attorney of Charles Davis, Daniel Benhase, John Shary, Thomas Westerfield, David Schoedinger and William R. Wise - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(2) | Power of Attorney of the Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(3) | Power of Attorney of the President of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(4) | Power of Attorney of the Treasurer of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(5) | Power of Attorney of the Trustee of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(6) | Power of Attorney of the Trustee of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(7) | Power of Attorney of the Trustee of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(8) | Power of Attorney of the Assistant Secretary of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 filed October 21, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(9) | Power of Attorney of Anthony J. Ghoston, Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(10) | Power of Attorney of Eric McKenzie, Vice President of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(11) | Power of Attorney of Secretary of Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed October 14, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(12) | Power of Attorney of Trustee of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed February 24, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(13) | Power of Attorney of R. Jeffrey Young, Principal Executive Officer of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed February 24, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(14) | Power of Attorney of Matthew Miller, Vice President of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed February 24, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(15) | Power of Attorney of Joel Engle, Treasurer of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed February 24, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(16) | Power of Attorney of Secretary of the Registrant - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 68 filed April 30, 2010 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (o)(17) | Power of Attorney of the Trustees of the Registrant dated August 9, 2012 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 filed August 16, 2012 (File No. 811-05010). |
(o)(18) Power of Attorney of Tobias Caldwell, Trustee of the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(19) Power of Attorney of Stephen P. Lachenauer, Trustee of the Registrant – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(20) Power of Attorney of Donald McIntosh, Trustee of the Trust – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 filed February 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(21) Power of Attorney of Tobias Caldwell – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(22) Power of Attorney of Stephen Lachenauer – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(23) Power of Attorney of Donald McIntosh – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(24) Power of Attorney of Lisa Householder – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(o)(25) Power of Attorney of Bryan Ashmus – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 117 filed April 5, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
| (p)(1) | Code of Ethics of Edgewood Services, Inc. - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed April 14, 2008 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(2) | Code of Ethics of The Huntington Funds, dated May 4, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(3) | Code of Ethics of Federated Investors, Inc., dated January 1, 2005, revised January 26, 2005 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed August 24, 2006 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(4) | Code of Ethics of Laffer Investments, Inc., amended May 4, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(5) | Code of Ethics of Huntington Asset Advisors, Inc., dated November 9, 2006 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed April 30, 2007 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(6) | Code of Ethics of Unified Fund Services, Inc. and Unified Financial Securities, Inc., dated February 4, 2009 - Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed April 29, 2009 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(7) | Code of Ethics of The Huntington Funds, dated September 30, 2013 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No 100 filed on February 27, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(8) | Code of Ethics of The Huntington Funds, dated April 16, 2014 – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Form 497 filed on September 2, 2014 (File No. 811-05010). |
| (p)(9) | Code of Ethics of The Cambridge Strategy (Asset Management) Limited – Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010). |
(p)(10) Code of Ethics of Chesapeake Capital Corporation - Incorporated by reference to Registrant Capital Corporation Amendment No. 115 filed March 4, 2016 (File No. 811-05010).
(q) Financial Statements, incorporated herein as Exhibit B.
ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS.
(1) The undersigned Registrant agrees that prior to any public reoffering of the securities registered through the use of a prospectus which is a part of this registration statement by any person or party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the reoffering prospectus will contain the information called for by the applicable registration form for reofferings by persons who may be deemed underwriters, in addition to the information called for by the other items of the applicable form.
(ii) The undersigned Registrant agrees that every prospectus that is filed under paragraph (1) above will be filed as a part of an amendment to this registration statement and will not be used until the amendment is effective, and that, in determining any liability under the 1933 Act, each post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement for the securities offered therein, and the offering of the securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering of them.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant, Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust, and has duly caused this Form N-14 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the Town of Huntington, State New York, on September 20, 2016.
| |
| Mutual Fund and Variable Insurance Trust |
| | |
| BY: | /s/ Jerry Szilagyi |
| | Jerry Szilagyi |
| | President and Principal Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Form N-14 has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date(s) indicated:
/s/ Jerry Szilagyi | | September 20, 2016 |
Jerry Szilagyi, President and Principal Executive Officer | | Date |
| | |
| | |
/s/ Erik Naviloff | | September 20, 2016 |
Erik Naviloff, Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer | | Date |
| | |
/s/Tobias Caldwell | | September 20, 2016 |
Tobias Caldwell, Trustee | | Date |
| | |
| | |
/s/ Stephen Lachenauer | | September 20, 2016 |
Stephen Lachenauer, Trustee | | Date |
| | |
| | |
/s/Donald McIntosh | | September 20, 2016 |
Donald McIntosh, Trustee | | Date |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
------------------------------------------------------------
EXHIBIT NO. | | |
UNDER PART C | | NAME OF EXHIBIT |
(i)(9) | | Opinion and Consent of Counsel |
(k)(3) | | Consent of Cohen & Company, Ltd., Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accountants |