Century Bancorp 10K 2019 Annual report

Century Bancorp (CNBKA) 10-K2019 FY Annual report

Content analysis

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)

☑	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number0-15752

CENTURY BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS		04-2498617
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification number)

400 MYSTIC AVENUE, MEDFORD, MA		02155
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number including area code:

(781) 391-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of exchange

Class A Common Stock, $1.00 par value

CNBKA

Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationsS-T (232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

State the aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and nonvoting stock held by nonaffiliates, computed using the closing price as reported on Nasdaq as of June 30, 2019 was $319,749,083.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of February 29, 2020:

Class A Common Stock, $1.00 par value 3,652,349 Shares

Class B Common Stock, $1.00 par value 1,915,560 Shares

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

List hereunder the following documents if incorporated by reference and the Part of theForm 10-K (e.g., Part I, Part II, etc.) into which the document is incorporated: (1) Any annual report to security holders; (2) Any proxy or information statement; and (3) Any prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) or (c) under the Securities Act of 1933. The listed documents should be clearly described for identification purposes (e.g., annual report to security holders for fiscal year ended December 24, 1980).

(1)	Portions of the Registrant’s Annual Report to Stockholders for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 are incorporated into Part II, Items5-8 of this Form10-K.

CENTURY BANCORP INC.

FORM10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
	PART I
ITEM 1	BUSINESS		1-6
ITEM 1A	RISK FACTORS		6-7
ITEM 1B	UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS		7
ITEM 2	PROPERTIES		8
ITEM 3	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS		8
ITEM 4	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES		8

	PART II
ITEM 5	MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES		9
ITEM 6	SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA		9
ITEM 7	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION		9
ITEM 7A	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK		10
ITEM 8	FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA		10
ITEM 9	CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE		10
ITEM 9A	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES		10
ITEM 9B	OTHER INFORMATION		10

	PART III
ITEM 10	DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE		97-102
ITEM 11	EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION		102-112
ITEM 12	SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS		112-113
ITEM 13	CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE		113-114
ITEM 14	PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES		114

	PART IV
ITEM 15	EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES		115-117
ITEM 16	FORM10-K SUMMARY		117
SIGNATURES			118

PART I

ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

The Company

Century Bancorp, Inc. (together with its bank subsidiary, unless the context otherwise requires, the “Company”) is a Massachusetts state-chartered bank holding company headquartered in Medford, Massachusetts. The Company is a Massachusetts corporation formed in 1972 and has one banking subsidiary (the “Bank”): Century Bank and Trust Company formed in 1969. At December 31, 2019, the Company had total assets of $5.5 billion. Currently, the Company operates 27 banking offices in 20 cities and towns in Massachusetts, ranging from Braintree in the south to Andover in the north. The Bank’s customers consist primarily of small andmedium-sized businesses and retail customers in these communities and surrounding areas, as well as local governments and large healthcare and higher education institutions throughout Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York.

The Company’s results of operations are largely dependent on net interest income, which is the difference between the interest earned on loans and securities and interest paid on deposits and borrowings. The results of operations are also affected by the level of income and fees from loans, deposits, as well as operating expenses, the provision for loan losses, the impact of federal and state income taxes and the relative levels of interest rates and economic activity.

The Company offers a wide range of services to commercial enterprises, state and local governments and agencies,non-profit organizations and individuals. It emphasizes service to small andmedium-sized businesses and retail customers in its market area. The Company makes commercial loans, real estate and construction loans and consumer loans, and accepts savings, time, and demand deposits. In addition, the Company offers to its corporate and institutional customers automated lock box collection services, cash management services and account reconciliation services, and actively promotes the marketing of these services to the municipal market. Also, the Company provides full service securities brokerage services through a program called Investment Services at Century Bank, which is supported by LPL Financial, a third party full-service securities brokerage business.

The Company has municipal cash management client engagements in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Rhode Island comprised of approximately 298 government entities.

Availability of Company Filings

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Sections 13 and 15(d), periodic and current reports must be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company electronically files with the SEC its periodic and current reports, as well as other filings it makes with the SEC from time to time. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports and other information regarding issuers, including the Company, that file electronically with the SEC, at www.sec.gov, in which all forms filed electronically may be accessed. Additionally, our annual report on Form10-K, quarterly reports on Form10-Q and current reports on Form8-K and additional shareholder information are available free of charge on the Company’s website: www.centurybank.com.

Employees

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had 404 full-time and 56 part-time employees. The Company’s employees are not represented by any collective bargaining unit. The Company believes that its employee relations are good.

Financial Services Modernization

On November 12, 1999, President Clinton signed into law The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (“Gramm-Leach”) which significantly altered banking laws in the United States. Gramm-Leach enables combinations among banks,

securities firms and insurance companies beginning March 11, 2000. As a result of Gramm Leach, many of thedepression-era laws that restricted these affiliations and other activities that may be engaged in by banks and bank holding companies were repealed. Under Gramm-Leach, bank holding companies are permitted to offer their customers virtually any type of financial service that is financial in nature or incidental thereto, including banking, securities underwriting, insurance (both underwriting and agency) and merchant banking.

In order to engage in these financial activities, a bank holding company must qualify and register with the Federal Reserve Board as a “financial holding company” by demonstrating that each of its bank subsidiaries is “well capitalized,” “well managed,” and has at least a “satisfactory” rating under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (the “CRA”). The Company has not elected to become a financial holding company underGramm-Leach.

These financial activities authorized by Gramm-Leach may also be engaged in by a “financial subsidiary” of a national or state bank, except for insurance or annuity underwriting, insurance company portfolio investments, real estate investment and development and merchant banking, which must be conducted in a financial holding company. In order for the new financial activities to be engaged in by a financial subsidiary of a national or state bank, Gramm-Leach requires each of the parent bank (and any bank affiliates) to be “well capitalized” and “well managed;” the aggregate consolidated assets of all of that bank’s financial subsidiaries may not exceed the lesser of 45% of its consolidated total assets or $50 billion; the bank must have at least a satisfactory CRA rating; and, if the bank is one of the 100 largest banks, it must meet certain financial rating or other comparable requirements. The Company does not currently conduct activities through a financial subsidiary.

Gramm-Leach establishes a system of functional regulation, under which the federal banking agencies will regulate the banking activities of financial holding companies and banks’ financial subsidiaries, the SEC will regulate their securities activities, and state insurance regulators will regulate their insurance activities. Gramm-Leach also provides new protections against the transfer and use by financial institutions of consumers’ nonpublic, personal information.

Holding Company Regulation

The Company is a bank holding company as defined by the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “Holding Company Act”), and is registered as such with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Bank (the “FRB”), which is responsible for administration of the Holding Company Act. Although the Company may meet the qualifications for electing to become a financial holding company under Gramm-Leach, the Company has elected to retain itspre-Gramm-Leach status for the present time under the Holding Company Act. As required by the Holding Company Act, the Company files with the FRB an annual report regarding its financial condition and operations, management and intercompany relationships of the Company and the Bank. It is also subject to examination by the FRB and must obtain FRB approval before (i) acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting stock of any bank, unless it already owns or controls a majority of the voting stock of that bank, (ii) acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of a bank, except through a subsidiary which is a bank, or (iii) merging or consolidating with any other bank holding company. A bank holding company must also give the FRB prior written notice before purchasing or redeeming its equity securities, if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when aggregated with the net consideration paid by the company for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding 12 months, is equal to 10% or more of the company’s consolidated net worth.

The Holding Company Act prohibits a bank holding company, with certain exceptions, from (i) acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of any class of voting shares of any company which is not a bank or a bank holding company, or (ii) engaging in any activity other than managing or controlling banks, or furnishing services to or performing services for its subsidiaries. A bank holding company may own, however, shares of a company engaged in activities which the FRB has determined are so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto.

The Company and its subsidiaries are examined by federal and state regulators. The FRB has regulatory authority over holding company activities and performed a review of the Company and its subsidiaries as of September 2017.

USA PATRIOT Act

Under Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act, also known as the “International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001”, all financial institutions are required in general to identify their customers, adopt formal and comprehensive anti-money laundering programs, scrutinize or prohibit altogether certain transactions of special concern, and be prepared to respond to inquiries from U.S. law enforcement agencies concerning their customers and their transactions. Additional information-sharing among financial institutions, regulators, and law enforcement authorities is encouraged by the presence of an exemption from the privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach Act for financial institutions that comply with this provision and the authorization of the Secretary of the Treasury to adopt rules to further encourage cooperation and information-sharing. The effectiveness of a financial institution in combating money laundering activities is a factor to be considered in any application submitted by the financial institution under the Holding Company Act or Bank Merger Act.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, signed into law July 30, 2002, addresses, among other issues, corporate governance, auditor independence and accounting standards, executive compensation, insider loans, whistleblower protection and enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate information. The SEC has adopted a substantial number of implementing rules and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) has adopted corporate governance rules that have been approved by the SEC and are applicable to the Company. The changes are intended to allow stockholders to monitor more effectively the performance of companies and management. As directed by Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are each required to certify that the Company’s quarterly and annual reports do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact. This requirement has several parts, including certification that these officers are responsible for establishing, maintaining and regularly evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting; that they have made certain disclosures to the Company’s auditors and the Board of Directors about the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, and that they have included information in the Company’s quarterly and annual reports about their evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, and whether there have been significant changes in the Company’s internal disclosure controls and procedures or in other factors that could significantly affect such controls and procedures subsequent to the evaluation and whether there have been any significant changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, and compliance with certain other disclosure objectives. Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires an additional certification that each periodic report containing financial statements fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial conditions and results of operations of the Company.

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

On July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the“D-F Act”) became law. TheD-F Act was intended to address many issues arising in the recent financial crisis and is exceedingly broad in scope, affecting many aspects of bank and financial market regulation. TheD-F Act requires, or permits by implementing regulation, enhanced prudential standards for banks and bank holding companies inclusive of capital, leverage, liquidity, concentration and exposure measures. In addition, traditional bank regulatory principles such as restrictions on transactions with affiliates and insiders were enhanced. TheD-F Act also contains reforms of consumer mortgage lending practices and creates a Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, which is granted broad authority over consumer financial practices of banks and others. It is expected as the specific new or incremental requirements applicable to the Company become effective that the costs and

difficulties of remaining compliant with all such requirements will increase. TheD-F Act broadened the base for FDIC assessments to average consolidated assets less tangible equity of financial institutions and also permanently raises the current standard maximum FDIC deposit insurance amount to $250,000. The Act extended unlimited deposit insurance onnon-interest bearing transaction accounts through December 31, 2012.

In addition, theD-F Act added a new Section 13 to the Bank Holding Company Act, theso-called “Volcker Rule,” (the “Rule”) which generally restricts certain banking entities such as the Company and its subsidiaries or affiliates, from engaging in proprietary trading activities and owning equity in or sponsoring any private equity or hedge fund. The Rule became effective July 21, 2012. The final implementing regulations for the Rule were issued by various regulatory agencies in December 2013 and under an extended conformance regulation compliance was required to be achieved by July 21, 2015. The conformance period for investments in and relationships with certain “legacy covered funds” was extended to July 21, 2017. Under the Rule, the Company may be restricted from engaging in proprietary trading, investing in third party hedge or private equity funds or sponsoring new funds unless it qualifies for an exemption from the rule. The Company has little involvement in prohibited proprietary trading or investment activities in covered funds and the Company does not expect that complying with the requirements of the Rule will have any material effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operation. The federal banking agencies have issued amendments to the Rule to provide greater clarity and certainty about what activities are prohibited and to improve the effective allocation of compliance resources, and to conform the Rule to the EGRRCPA (discussed below). The federal banking agencies have also issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to liberalize the covered fund rules.

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was enacted, which represents the most comprehensive reform to the U.S. tax code in over thirty years. The majority of the provisions of the Tax Act took effect on January 1, 2018. The Tax Act lowered the Company’s federal tax rate from 34% to 21%. Also, for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”) has been repealed. For 2018 through 2021, the AMT credit carryforward can offset regular tax liability and is refundable in an amount equal to 50% (100% for 2021) of the excess of the minimum tax credit for the tax year over the amount of the credit allowable for the year against regular tax liability. Accordingly, it is anticipated that the full amount of the alternative minimum tax credit carryforward will be recovered in tax years beginning before 2022. The Tax Act also contains other provisions that may affect the Company currently or in future years. Among these are changes to the deductibility of meals and entertainment, the deductibility of executive compensation, the dividend received deduction and net operating loss carryforwards. Tax Act changes for individuals include lower tax rates, mortgage interest and state and local tax limitations as well as an increase in the standard deduction, among others.

Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act

On May 24, 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, or the EGRRCPA, became law. This is arguably the most significant financial institution legislation since theD-F Act. The EGRRCPA changes certain of the regulatory requirements of theD-F Act and includes provisions intended to relieve the regulatory burden on “community banks.” Among other things, for qualifying community banks with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets, the EGRRCPA contains a safe harbor from theD-F Act “ability to repay” mortgage requirements, an exemption from the Volcker Rule, may permit filing of simplified Call Reports, and potentially will result in some alleviation of theD-F Act and U.S. Basel III capital mandates. The EGRRCPA requires the federal banking agencies to develop a community bank leverage ratio (defined as the ratio of tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for banks and holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion and an appropriate risk profile. The required regulations must specify a minimum community bank leverage ratio of not less than 8% and not more than 10%. The federal banking agencies jointly issued a final rule, effective January 1, 2020, which would set the minimum ratio at 9%. Qualifying banks that exceed the minimum community bank leverage ratio will be deemed to be in compliance

with all other capital and leverage requirements including the capital ratio requirements that are required to be considered well capitalized under Section 38 of Federal Deposit Insurance Act.

Deposit Insurance Premiums

The Bank’s deposits have the benefit of FDIC insurance up to applicable limits. The FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund is funded by assessments on insured depository institutions, which depend on the risk category of an institution and the amount of assets that it holds. The FDIC may increase or decrease the assessment rate schedule on a semi-annual basis.

On September 29, 2009, the FDIC adopted a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPR) that required insured institutions to prepay their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012. The FDIC Board voted to adopt a uniform three-basis point increase in assessment rates effective on January 1, 2011 and extend the restoration period from seven to eight years. This rule was finalized on November 2, 2009. The Company’s quarterly risk-based deposit insurance assessments were paid from this amount until June 30, 2013. The Company received a refund of $2.4 million of prepaid FDIC assessments in June 2013.

In February 2011, the FDIC approved a rule to change the assessment base from adjusted domestic deposits to average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity. The rule has kept the overall amount collected from the industry very close to the amount collected prior to the new calculation.

In December 2018, the FDIC issued a final rule to implement the EGRRCPA providing a limited exception for a capped amount of reciprocal deposits from treatment as brokered deposits for qualifying institutions.

On January 24, 2019, the FDIC notified the Company that $1.2 million of small bank assessment credits were available to offset quarterly FDIC assessment charges. The FDIC Deposit Insurance Fund Reserve Ratio reached 1.40% as of June 30, 2019, and the FDIC first applied small bank credits on the September 30, 2019 assessment invoice (for the second quarter of 2019). The FDIC will continue to apply small bank credits so long as the Reserve Ratio is at least 1.35%. After applying small bank credits for four quarters, the FDIC will remit the value of any remaining small bank credits in the next assessment period in which the Reserve Ratio is at least 1.35%. The Company’s remaining small bank assessment credit was $485,000 on December 31, 2019.

Risk-Based Capital Guidelines

Federal banking regulators have issued risk-based capital guidelines, which assign risk factors to asset categories andoff-balance-sheet items. Also, the Basel Committee has issued capital standards entitled “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems” (“Basel III”). The Federal Reserve Board has finalized its rule implementing the Basel III regulatory capital framework. The rule that came into effect in January 2015 sets the Basel III minimum regulatory capital requirements for all organizations. It included a new common equity Tier I ratio of 4.5 percent of risk-weighted assets, raised the minimum Tier I capital ratio from 4 percent to 6 percent of risk-weighted assets and would set a new conservation buffer of 2.5 percent ofrisk-weighted assets. The implementation of the framework did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

Competition

The Company experiences substantial competition in attracting deposits and making loans from commercial banks, thrift institutions and other enterprises such as insurance companies and mutual funds. These competitors include several major commercial banks whose greater resources may afford them a competitive advantage by enabling them to maintain numerous branch offices and mount extensive advertising campaigns. A number of these competitors are not subject to the regulatory oversight that the Company is subject to, which increases these competitors’ flexibility.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained herein are not based on historical facts and are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements, which are based on various assumptions (some of which are beyond the Company’s control), may be identified by reference to a future period or periods, or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “continue” or similar terms or variations on those terms, or the negative of these terms. Actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements due to a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, those related to the economic environment, particularly in the market areas in which the Company operates, competitive products and pricing, fiscal and monetary policies of the U.S. Government, changes in government regulations affecting financial institutions, including regulatory fees and capital requirements, changes in prevailing interest rates, acquisitions and the integration of acquired businesses, credit risk management, asset/liability management, the financial and securities markets, and the availability of and costs associated with sources of liquidity. The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to anyforward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

The risk factors that may affect the Company’s performance and results of operations include the following:

the Company’s business is dependent upon general economic conditions in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. The national and local economies may adversely affect the Company’s performance and results of operations;

ii.

the Company’s earnings depend, to a great extent, upon the level of net interest income generated by the Company, and therefore the Company’s results of operations may be adversely affected by increases or decreases in interest rates or by the shape of the yield curve;

iii.

the banking business is highly competitive and the profitability of the Company depends upon the Company’s ability to attract loans and deposits in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York, where the Company competes with a variety of traditional banking companies, some of which have vastly greater resources, and nontraditional institutions such as credit unions and finance companies;

iv.

at December 31, 2019, approximately 65.9% of the Company’s loan portfolio was comprised of commercial and commercial real estate loans, exposing the Company to the risks inherent in financings based upon analyses of credit risk, the value of underlying collateral, including real estate, and other more intangible factors, which are considered in making commercial loans;

at December 31, 2019, approximately 27.9% of the Company’s loan portfolio was comprised of residential real estate and home equity loans, exposing the Company to the risks inherent in financings based upon analyses of credit risk and the value of underlying collateral. Accordingly, the Company’s profitability may be negatively impacted by errors in risk analyses, by loan defaults and the ability of certain borrowers to repay such loans may be adversely affected by any downturn in general economic conditions;

vi.

economic conditions and interest rate risk could adversely impact the fair value and the ultimate collectibility of the Company’s investments. Should an investment be deemed “other than temporarily impaired”, the Company would be required to write-down the carrying value of the investment through earnings. Such write-down(s) may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations;

vii.

write-down of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets would negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations. At December 31, 2019, our goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets were approximately $2.7 million;

viii.

natural disasters can disrupt our operations, result in damage to the Company’s properties, reduce or destroy the value of the collateral for the Company’s loans and negatively affect the economies in which the Company operates, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. A significant natural disaster, such as a tornado, hurricane, earthquake, fire or flood, could have a material adverse impact on the Company’s ability to conduct business, and the Company’s insurance coverage may be insufficient to compensate for losses that may occur. Acts of terrorism, war, civil unrest or pandemics, including COVID 19, could cause disruptions to the Company’s business or the economy as a whole. While the Company has established and regularly test disaster recovery procedures, the occurrence of any such event could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operations and financial condition.

ix.

changes in the extensive laws, regulations and policies governing companies generally and bank holding companies and their subsidiaries, such as the Act and the Tax Act, could alter the Company’s business environment or affect the Company’s operations;

the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems, on which the Company is highly dependent to secure bank and customer financial information, could present operational issues, require significant capital spending or impact the Company’s reputation;

xi.

in the ordinary course of our business, we collect and store sensitive data, including intellectual property, our proprietary business information and that of our customers, and business partners, and personally identifiable information of our customers and employees, in our data centers and on our networks. The secure processing, maintenance and transmission of this information is critical to our operations and business strategy. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breached due to employee error, malfeasance or other disruptions. Any such breach could compromise our networks and the information stored there could be accessed, publicly disclosed, lost or stolen. Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, and regulatory penalties, disrupt our operations and the services we provide to customers, and damage our reputation, and cause a loss of confidence in our products and services, which could adversely affect our results of operations and competitive position;

xii.

the Company’s loan customers may not repay loans according to their terms, and the collateral securing the payment of loans may be insufficient to assure repayment or cover losses. If loan customers fail to repay loans according to the terms of the loans, the Company may experience significant credit losses which could have a material adverse effect on its operating results and capital ratios;

xiii.

the Company is subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination. Any change in the laws or regulations or failure by the Company to comply with applicable law and regulation, or a change in regulators’ supervisory policies or examination procedures, whether by the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks, the FDIC, the Federal Reserve Board, other state or federal regulators, the United States Congress, or the Massachusetts legislature could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Changes in accounting policies, practices and standards, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and other accounting standard setters, could also impact the Company’s financial results; and

These factors, as well as general economic and market conditions in the United States of America, may materially and adversely affect the Company’s performance, results of operations and the market price of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

No written comments received by the Company from the SEC regarding the Company’s periodic or current reports remain unresolved.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

The Company owns its main banking office, headquarters, and operations center in Medford, Massachusetts, which were expanded in 2004, and 11 of the 26 other facilities in which its branch offices are located. The remaining offices are occupied under leases expiring on various dates from 2020 to 2028. The Company believes that its banking offices are in good condition.

During the third quarter of 2019, the Company purchased the existing Boylston Street, Brookline branch location that the Company was leasing. Also, during the third quarter, the Company purchased a future branch location in Salem, New Hampshire. The Company plans to open this branch during the fourth quarter of 2020.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various claims and lawsuits arising in the course of their normal business activities. Although the ultimate outcome of these suits cannot be ascertained at this time, it is the opinion of management that none of these matters, even if it resolved adversely to the Company, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUERPURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

(a)

The Class A Common Stock of the Company is traded on the NASDAQ National Global Market under the symbol “CNBKA.” The Company’s Class B Common Stock is not traded on any national securities exchange or other public trading market.

The shares of Class A Common Stock are generally not entitled to vote on any matter, including in the election of Company Directors, but, in limited circumstances, may be entitled to vote as a class on certain extraordinary transactions, including any merger or consolidation (other than one in which the Company is the surviving corporation or one which by law may be approved by the directors without any stockholder vote) or the sale, lease, or exchange of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company. Since the vote of a majority of the shares of the Company’s Class B Common Stock, voting as a separate class, is required to approve certain extraordinary corporate transactions, the holders of Class B Common Stock have the power to prevent any takeover of the Company not approved by them.

(b)

Approximate number of equity security holders as of December 31, 2019:


Title of Class	Approximate Number of Record Holders
Class A Common Stock		900
Class B Common Stock		150

(c)

The following schedule provides information with respect to the Company’s equity compensation plans under which shares of Class A Common Stock are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2019:


	Equity Compensation Plan Information
Plan Category	Number of Shares to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options (a)		Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options (b)		Number of Shares Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Shares Reflected in Column (a)) (c)
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders		—	$	—		233,934
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders		—		—		—

Total		—	$	—		233,934

(d)

The performance graph information required herein is shown on page 10.

ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The information required herein is shown on pages 12 through 14.

ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIALCONDITION

The information required herein is shown on pages 15 through 38.

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information required herein is shown on page 35.

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The information required herein is shown on pages 39 through 92.

ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIALDISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2019. Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures also effectively ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s filings and submissions with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and reported to Company management (including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer) and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the Company has reviewed its internal control over financial reporting and there have been no changes that occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect its internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect its internal control over financial reporting.

On May 14, 2013, the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) released an updated version of its Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) (2013 Framework). The 2013 Framework’s internal control components (i.e., control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring activities) remain predominantly the same as those in the 1992 Framework. However, the 2013 Framework was expanded to include 17 principles which must be present and functioning in order to have an effective system of internal controls. The Company implemented the 2013 Framework effective December 31, 2014.

Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting is shown on page 96. The audit report of the registered public accounting firm is shown on page 94.

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


12		Financial Highlights

15		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

39		Consolidated Balance Sheets

40		Consolidated Statements of Income

41		Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

42		Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

43		Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

44		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

93		Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

96		Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Financial Highlights


	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
FOR THE YEAR
Interest income	$	159,139		$	137,056		$	113,436		$	96,699		$	90,093
Interest expense		63,350			44,480			27,820			22,617			20,134

Net interest income		95,789			92,576			85,616			74,082			69,959
Provision for loan losses		1,250			1,350			1,790			1,375			200

Net interest income after provision for loan losses		94,539			91,226			83,826			72,707			69,759
Other operating income		18,399			16,248			16,552			16,222			15,993
Operating expenses		72,129			69,693			67,119			64,757			62,198

Income before income taxes		40,809			37,781			33,259			24,172			23,554
Provision for income taxes		1,110			1,568			10,958			(362	)		533

Net income	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301		$	24,534		$	23,021

Coreearnings—Non-GAAP⁽¹⁾	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	30,749		$	24,534		$	23,021

Average shares outstanding Class A, basic		3,633,044			3,608,179			3,604,029			3,600,729			3,600,729
Average shares outstanding Class B, basic		1,934,865			1,959,730			1,963,880			1,967,180			1,967,180
Average shares outstanding Class A, diluted		5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909
Average shares outstanding Class B, diluted		1,934,865			1,959,730			1,963,880			1,967,180			1,967,180
Total shares outstanding atyear-end		5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909			5,567,909
Earnings per share:
Basic, Class A	$	8.63		$	7.89		$	4.86		$	5.35		$	5.02
Basic, Class B	$	4.31		$	3.95		$	2.43		$	2.68		$	2.51
Diluted, Class A	$	7.13		$	6.50		$	4.01		$	4.41		$	4.13
Diluted, Class B	$	4.31		$	3.95		$	2.43		$	2.68		$	2.51
Dividend payoutratio—Non-GAAP⁽¹⁾		5.6	%		6.1	%		9.9	%		9.0	%		9.6	%
ATYEAR-END
Assets	$	5,492,424		$	5,163,935		$	4,785,572		$	4,462,608		$	3,947,441
Loans		2,426,119			2,285,578			2,175,944			1,923,933			1,731,536
Deposits		4,400,111			4,406,964			3,916,967			3,653,218			3,075,060
Stockholders’ equity		332,581			300,439			260,297			240,041			214,544
Book value per share	$	59.73		$	53.96		$	46.75		$	43.11		$	38.53
SELECTED FINANCIAL PERCENTAGES
Return on average assets		0.76	%		0.74	%		0.48	%		0.57	%		0.59	%
Return on average stockholders’ equity		12.44	%		13.05	%		8.75	%		10.80	%		11.26	%
Net interest margin, taxable equivalent		2.10	%		2.18	%		2.25	%		2.12	%		2.18	%
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percent of average loans		0.01	%		(0.04	)%		0.00	%		0.00	%		(0.04	)%
Average stockholders’ equity to average assets		6.12	%		5.71	%		5.50	%		5.29	%		5.25	%
Efficiencyratio—Non-GAAP⁽¹⁾		58.4	%		59.2	%		57.8	%		62.7	%		64.1	%

⁽¹⁾	Non-GAAP Financial Measures are reconciled in the following tables:

Financial Highlights


	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Calculation of Efficiency Ratio:
Total Operating Expenses	$	72,129		$	69,693		$	67,119		$	64,757		$	62,198
Less: Other Real Estate Owned Expenses		(134	)		(59	)		—			—			—

Total Adjusted Operating Expenses (numerator)	$	71,995		$	69,634		$	67,119		$	64,757		$	62,198

Net Interest Income		95,789			92,576			85,616			74,082			69,959
Total Other Operating Income		18,399			16,248			16,552			16,222			15,993
Tax Equivalent Adjustment		9,068			8,854			13,979			12,917			11,140

Total Income (denominator)	$	123,256		$	117,678		$	116,147		$	103,221		$	97,092

Efficiency Ratio,Year—Non-GAAP		58.4	%		59.2	%		57.8	%		62.7	%		64.1	%


	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
Calculation of Dividend Payout Ratio:
Dividends Paid (numerator)	$	2,207		$	2,203		$	2,200		$	2,201		$	2,200

Net Income (denominator)	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301		$	24,534		$	23,021

Dividend PayoutRatio—Non-GAAP		5.6	%		6.1	%		9.9	%		9.0	%		9.6	%


	2019		2018		2017		2016		2015
Calculation of Core Earnings:
Net Income	$	39,699	$	36,213	$	22,301	$	24,534	$	23,021

Add: Deferred Tax Remeasurement Charge		—		—		8,448		—		—

Coreearnings—Non-GAAP	$	39,699	$	36,213	$	30,749	$	24,534	$	23,021

The stock performance graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return of the Company’s Class A Common Stock from December 31, 2014 to December 31, 2019 with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Market Index (U.S. Companies) and the NASDAQ Bank Stock Index. The lines in the graph represent monthly index levels derived from compounded daily returns that include all dividends. If the monthly interval, based on the fiscalyear-end, was not a trading day, the preceding trading day was used.

Financial Highlights

Comparison of Five-Year

Cumulative Total Return*

LOGO


Value of $100 Invested on December 31, 2014 at:	2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
Century Bancorp, Inc.	$	109.76	$	153.14	$	201.10	$	175.20	$	234.04
NASDAQ Banks		102.21		129.34		153.13		128.02		175.61
NASDAQ U.S.		106.96		116.45		150.96		146.67		200.49

^*	Assumes that the value of the investment in the Company’s Common Stock and each index was $100 on December 31, 2014 and that all dividends were reinvested.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

RECENT MARKET DEVELOPMENTS

enhanced. TheD-F Act also contains reforms of consumer mortgage lending practices and creates a Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, which is granted broad authority over consumer financial practices of banks and others. It is expected as the specific new or incremental requirements applicable to the Company become effective that the costs and difficulties of remaining compliant with all such requirements will increase. TheD-F Act broadened the base for FDIC assessments to average consolidated assets less tangible equity of financial institutions and also permanently raises the current standard maximum FDIC deposit insurance amount to $250,000. The Act extended unlimited deposit insurance onnon-interest bearing transaction accounts through December 31, 2012.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Federal banking regulators have issued risk-based capital guidelines, which assign risk factors to asset categories andoff-balance-sheet items. Also, the Basel Committee has issued capital standards entitled “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems” (“Basel III”). The Federal Reserve Board has finalized its rule implementing the Basel III regulatory capital framework. The rule that came into effect in January 2015 sets the Basel III minimum regulatory capital requirements for all organizations. It included a new common equity Tier I ratio of 4.5 percent of risk-weighted assets, raised the minimum Tier I capital ratio from 4 percent to 6 percent of risk-weighted assets and would set a new conservation buffer of 2.5 percent of risk-weighted assets. The implementation of the framework did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

On May 24, 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act, or the

EGRRCPA, became law. This is arguably the most significant financial institution legislation since theD-F Act. The EGRRCPA changes certain of the regulatory requirements of theD-F Act and includes provisions intended to relieve the regulatory burden on “community banks.” Among other things, for qualifying community banks with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets, the EGRRCPA contains a safe harbor from theD-F Act “ability to repay” mortgage requirements, an exemption from the Volcker Rule, may permit filing of simplified Call Reports, and potentially will result in some alleviation of theD-F Act and U.S. Basel III capital mandates. The EGRRCPA requires the federal banking agencies to develop a community bank leverage ratio (defined as the ratio of tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for banks and holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion and an appropriate risk profile. The required regulations must specify a minimum community bank leverage ratio of not less than 8% and not more than 10%. The federal banking agencies jointly issued a final rule, effective January 1, 2020, which set the minimum ratio at 9%. Qualifying banks that exceed the minimum community bank leverage ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements including the capital ratio requirements that are required to be considered well capitalized under Section 38 of Federal Deposit Insurance Act.

OVERVIEW

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The Company offers a wide range of services to commercial enterprises, state and local governments and agencies,non-profit organizations and individuals. It emphasizes service to small and medium sized businesses and retail customers in its market area. In recent years, the Company has increased business to larger institutions, specifically, healthcare and higher education. The Company makes commercial loans, real estate and construction loans and consumer loans, and accepts savings, time, and demand deposits. In addition, the Company offers its corporate and institutional customers automated lock box collection services, cash management services and account reconciliation services, and actively promotes the marketing of these services to the municipal market. Also, the Company provides full service securities brokerage services through a program called Investment Services at Century Bank, which is supported by LPL Financial, a third party full-service securities brokerage business.

The Company has municipal cash management client engagements in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Rhode Island comprising of approximately 298 government entities.

The Company had net income of $39,699,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared with net income of $36,213,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018, and net income of $22,301,000 for the year ended December 31, 2017. Class A diluted earnings per share were $7.13 in 2019 compared to $6.50 in 2018 and compared to $4.01 in 2017.

During 2017, the Company’s earnings were negatively impacted by a reduction in the value of its net deferred tax asset resulting in a charge of

$8.4 million to income tax expense. This was the result of the enactment of the Tax Act on December 22, 2017, which lowered the Company’s federal tax rate from 34% to 21%. During 2019 and 2018, the Company’s earnings were positively impacted primarily by an increase in net interest income. This increase was primarily due to an increase in earning assets.

Earnings per share (EPS) for each class of stock and for each year ended December 31, is as follows:


	2019		2018		2017
Basic EPS—Class A common	$	8.63	$	7.89	$	4.86
Basic EPS—Class B common	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43
Diluted EPS—Class A common	$	7.13	$	6.50	$	4.01
Diluted EPS—Class B common	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43

The trends in the net interest margin are illustrated in the graph below:

Net Interest Margin

LOGO

The margin increased during 2017 primarily as a result of an increase in rates on earning assets. This increase was primarily the result of the yield on floating rate assets increasing as a result of recent increases in short term interest rates as well as an increase in prepayment penalties collected during the second quarter of 2017. Prepayment penalties collected amounted to $825,000 and contributed approximately seven basis points to the net interest margin for the second quarter of 2017. During 2017, the Company did not see a corresponding increase in short term rates on interest bearing liabilities. The margin decreased for 2018 mainly as a result of a decrease in the corporate tax rate from 34% to 21%. This decrease results in a lower tax equivalent yield ontax-exempt assets. During the fourth quarter of 2018 and first and second quarters of 2019, the

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Company increased its average interest-bearing deposits. These deposits increased net interest income but decreased the net interest margin. During the third quarter of 2019, the net interest margin increased mainly as a result of deposit rate decreases. These deposits increased net interest income and the net interest margin. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the net interest margin increased mainly as a result of prepayment penalties collected. Prepayment penalties collected amounted to $1.4 million and contributed approximately eleven basis points to the net interest margin for the fourth quarter of 2019. While management will continue its efforts to improve the net interest margin, there can be no assurance that certain factors beyond its control, such as the prepayment of loans and changes in market interest rates, will continue to positively impact the net interest margin.

Historical U.S. Treasury Yield Curve

LOGO

A yield curve typically plots the interest rates of U.S. Treasury Debt, which have different maturity dates but the same credit quality, at a specific point in time. The three main types of yield curve shapes are normal, inverted and flat. Over the past three years, the U.S. economy has experienced low short-term rates. During 2018, short-term rates increased more than longer-term rates resulting in a flattening of the yield curve. During 2019, short-term rates decreased more than longer-term rates resulting in a steepening of the yield curve.

Total assets were $5,492,424,000 at December 31, 2019, an increase of 6.4% from total assets of $5,163,935,000 at December 31, 2018.

On December 31, 2019, stockholders’ equity totaled $332,581,000, compared with $300,439,000 on

December 31, 2018. Book value per share increased to $59.73 at December 31, 2019, from $53.96 on December 31, 2018.

During the third quarter of 2019, the Company purchased the existing Brookline branch location that the Company was leasing. Also, during the third quarter, the Company purchased a future branch location in Salem, New Hampshire. The Company plans to open this branch during the fourth quarter of 2020.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Accounting policies involving significant judgments and assumptions by management, which have, or could have, a material impact on the carrying value of certain assets and impact income, are considered critical accounting policies.

The Company considers allowance for loan losses to be its critical accounting policy.

Allowance for Loan Losses

Arriving at an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment. Management maintains an allowance for loan losses to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance is based on assessments of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Management’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include the specific allowances, if appropriate, for identified problem loans, formula allowance, and possibly an unallocated allowance.

Specific allowances for loan losses entail the assignment of allowance amounts to individual loans on the basis of loan impairment. Under this method, loans are selected for evaluation based upon a change in internal risk rating, occurrence of delinquency, loan classification or nonaccrual status. The formula allowances are based on evaluations of homogenous loans to determine the allocation appropriate within each portfolio segment. Formula allowances are based on internal risk ratings or credit ratings from external sources. After considering the above

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

components, an unallocated component may be generated to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. Further information regarding the Company’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance is contained within Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”.

During 2018, the Company further enhanced its methodology to the allowance for loan losses by including additional metrics for qualitative factors on certain loan portfolios. Further enhancements and refinements include adding qualitative factors to certain loan portfolios to enhance granularity. The Company also updated and added data sources to measure present and forecasted economic conditions. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as part of the examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Investment Securities

The Company’s securities portfolio consists of securitiesavailable-for-sale (“AFS”), securitiesheld-to-maturity (“HTM”), and equity securities.

Securitiesavailable-for-sale consist of certain U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises, SBA Backed Securities, and U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise mortgage-backed securities; state, county and municipal securities; privately issued mortgage-backed securities; and other debt securities.

These securities are carried at fair value, and unrealized gains and losses, net of applicable income taxes, are recognized as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. The fair value of securitiesavailable-for-sale at December 31, 2019 totaled $260,502,000 and included gross unrealized gains of $274,000 and gross unrealized losses of $696,000. A year earlier, the fair value of securitiesavailable-for-sale was $336,759,000 including gross unrealized gains of $635,000 and gross unrealized losses of $627,000. In 2019, the Company recognized gains of $13,000 on the sale ofavailable-for-sale securities. In 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized gains of $302,000 and $47,000, respectively.

Securities classified asheld-to-maturity consist of U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises, SBA Backed Securities, and U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise mortgage-backed securities. Securitiesheld-to-maturity as of December 31, 2019 are carried at their amortized cost of $2,351,120,000. A year earlier, securitiesheld-to-maturity totaled $2,046,647,000. In 2019, 2018, and 2017, the company recognized gains of $48,000 and $0, and $0 respectively, on the sale ofheld-to-maturity securities. The sale from securitiesheld-to-maturity relate to certain mortgage-backed securities for which the Company had previously collected a substantial portion of its principal investment.

Equity securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. The fair value of equity securities at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, amounted to $1,688,000 and $1,596,000, respectively.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The following table sets forth the fair value and percentage distribution of securitiesavailable-for-sale at the dates indicated.

Fair Value of SecuritiesAvailable-for-Sale


At December 31,	2019					2018					2017
	Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—		0.0	%	$	1,992		0.6	%	$	1,984		0.5	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		—		0.0	%		3,915		1.2	%		—		0.0	%
SBA Backed Securities		54,211		20.8	%		70,194		20.9	%		80,950		20.5	%
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities		184,187		70.7	%		162,890		48.4	%		225,775		57.0	%
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		396		0.2	%		672		0.2	%		892		0.2	%
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		18,076		6.9	%		93,503		27.7	%		82,600		20.9	%
Other Debt Securities		3,632		1.4	%		3,593		1.0	%		3,629		0.9	%

Total	$	260,502		100.0	%	$	336,759		100.0	%	$	395,830		100.0	%

The majority of the Company’s securities AFS are classified as Level 2, as defined in Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” The fair values of these securities are obtained from a pricing service, which provides the Company with a description of the inputs generally utilized for each type of security. These inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads,two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data. Management’s understanding of a pricing service’s pricing methodologies includes obtaining an understanding of the valuation risks, assessing its qualification, verification of sources of information and processes used to develop prices and identifying, documenting, and testing controls. Management’s validation of a vendor’s pricing methodology includes establishing internal controls to determine that the pricing information received by a pricing service and used by management in the valuation process is relevant and reliable. Market indicators and industry and economic events are also monitored. The decline in fair value from amortized cost for individualavailable-for-sale securities that are temporarily impaired is not attributable to changes in credit quality. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of its debt securities and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the debt securities before the anticipated recovery of their remaining amortized cost, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2019.

Securitiesavailable-for-sale totaling $13,301,000, or 0.2% of assets, are classified as Level 3, as defined in Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.” These securities are generally municipal securities with no readily determinable fair value. The Company also utilizes internal pricing analysis on various municipal securities using market rates on comparable securities. The securities are carried at fair value with periodic review of underlying financial statements and credit ratings to assess the appropriateness of these valuations.

Debt securities of Government Sponsored Enterprises refer primarily to debt securities of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and percentage distribution of securitiesheld-to-maturity at the dates indicated.

Amortized Cost of SecuritiesHeld-to-Maturity


At December 31,	2019					2018					2017
	Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—		0.0	%	$	9,960		0.5	%	$	—		0.0	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		98,867		4.2	%		234,228		11.5	%		104,653		6.2	%
SBA Backed Securities		44,379		1.9	%		52,051		2.5	%		57,235		3.4	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities		2,207,874		93.9	%		1,750,408		85.5	%		1,539,345		90.4	%

Total	$	2,351,120		100.0	%	$	2,046,647		100.0	%	$	1,701,233		100.0	%

The following two tables set forth contractual maturities of the Bank’s securities portfolio at December 31, 2019. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

Fair Value of SecuritiesAvailable-for-Sale Amounts Maturing


	Within One Year		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			One Year to Five Years			% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Five Years to Ten Years		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Over Ten Years		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Total		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—			0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises																																			—		0.0	%
SBA Backed Securities		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		33,796			13.0	%		1.97	%		15,598		6.0	%		2.23	%		4,817		1.8	%		2.26	%		54,211		20.8	%		2.07	%
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities		164		0.1	%		2.14	%		77,472			29.7	%		2.16	%		106,551		40.9	%		2.27	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		184,187		70.7	%		2.22	%
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		396		0.2	%		2.20	%		—			0.0	%		0.00	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		396		0.2	%		2.20	%
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions		17,616		6.7	%		2.48	%		385			0.1	%		3.92	%		75		0.1	%		4.04	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		18,076		6.9	%		2.24	%
Other Debt Securities		300		0.1	%		1.92	%		1,282			0.6	%		2.08	%		2,050		0.7	%		6.00	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		3,632		1.4	%		4.24	%

Total	$	18,476		7.1	%		2.46	%	$	112,935	��		43.4	%		2.11	%	$	124,274		47.7	%		2.33	%	$	4,817		1.8	%		2.26	%	$	260,502		100.0	%		2.22	%

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Amortized Cost of SecuritiesHeld-to-Maturity

Amounts Maturing


	Within One Year		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			One Year to Five Years		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Five Years to Ten Years		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Over Ten Years		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield			Total		% of Total			Weighted Average Yield
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%	$	—		0.0	%		0.00	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		34,934		1.5	%		2.33	%		63,933		2.7	%		2.48	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		98,867		4.2	%		2.43	%
SBA Backed Securities		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		6,782		0.3	%		1.82	%		37,597		1.6	%		2.40	%		—		0.0	%		0.00	%		44,379		1.9	%		2.31	%
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage- Backed Securities		38,642		1.6	%		2.51	%		1,820,328		77.5	%		2.60	%		336,474		14.3	%		2.60	%		12,430		0.5	%		2.81	%		2,207,874		93.9	%		2.60	%

Total	$	73,576		3.1	%		2.42	%	$	1,891,043		80.5	%		2.59	%	$	374,071		15.9	%		2.58	%	$	12,430		0.5	%		2.81	%	$	2,351,120		100.0	%		2.59	%

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Bank had no investments in obligations of individual states, counties, municipalities or nongovernment corporate entities which exceeded 10% of stockholders’ equity. In 2019, sales of securities totaling $17,478,000 in gross proceeds resulted in a net realized gain of $61,000. In 2018, sales of securities totaling $27,517,000 in gross proceeds resulted in a net realized gain of $302,000. There were no sales of state, county or municipal securities during 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Management reviews the investment portfolio for other-than-temporary impairment of individual securities on a regular basis. The results of such analysis are dependent upon general market conditions and specific conditions related to the issuers of our securities.

Loans

The Company’s lending activities are conducted principally in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New York. The Company grants single-family and multi-family residential loans, commercial and commercial real estate loans, municipal loans, and a variety of consumer loans. To a lesser extent, the Company grants loans for the construction of residential homes, multi-family properties, commercial real estate properties and land development. Most loans granted by the Company are secured by real estate collateral. The ability and willingness of commercial real estate, commercial, construction, residential and consumer loan borrowers to honor their repayment commitments are generally dependent on the health of the real estate market in the borrowers’ geographic areas and of the general economy.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The following summary shows the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated.


December 31,	2019					2018					2017					2016					2015
	Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total
(dollars in thousands)
Construction and land development	$	8,992		0.4	%	$	13,628		0.6	%	$	18,931		0.9	%	$	14,928		0.8	%	$	27,421		1.6	%
Commercial and industrial		812,417		33.5	%		761,625		33.3	%		763,807		35.1	%		612,503		31.8	%		452,235		26.1	%
Municipal		120,455		5.0	%		97,290		4.3	%		106,599		4.9	%		135,418		7.0	%		85,685		4.9	%
Commercial real estate		786,102		32.4	%		750,362		32.8	%		732,491		33.7	%		696,173		36.2	%		721,506		41.7	%
Residential real estate		371,897		15.3	%		348,250		15.2	%		287,731		13.2	%		241,357		12.5	%		255,346		14.7	%
Consumer		21,071		0.9	%		21,359		0.9	%		18,458		0.8	%		11,013		0.6	%		10,744		0.6	%
Home equity		304,363		12.5	%		292,340		12.9	%		247,345		11.4	%		211,857		11.0	%		178,020		10.3	%
Overdrafts		822		0.0	%		724		0.0	%		582		0.0	%		684		0.1	%		579		0.1	%

Total	$	2,426,119		100.0	%	$	2,285,578		100.0	%	$	2,175,944		100.0	%	$	1,923,933		100.0	%	$	1,731,536		100.0	%

At December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, loans were carried net of (premiums) discounts of $(292,000), $(364,000), $46,000, $313,000 and $360,000, respectively. Net deferred loan fees of $220,000, $496,000, $588,000, $641,000 and $988,000 were carried in 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The following table summarizes the remaining maturity distribution of certain components of the Company’s loan portfolio on December 31, 2019. The table excludes loans secured by 1–4 family residential real estate, loans for household and family personal expenditures, and municipal loans. Maturities are presented as if scheduled principal amortization payments are due on the last contractual payment date.

Remaining Maturities of Selected Loans at December 31, 2019

One Year or Less

One to Five Years

Over Five Years

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Construction and land development

568

—

8,424

8,992

Commercial and industrial

45,963

33,963

732,491

812,417

Commercial real estate

31,485

105,580

649,037

786,102

Total

78,016

139,543

1,389,952

1,607,511

The following table indicates the rate variability of the above loans due after one year.

December 31, 2019

One to Five Years

Over Five Years

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Predetermined interest rates

99,014

378,347

477,361

Floating or adjustable interest rates

40,529

1,011,605

1,052,134

Total

139,543

1,389,952

1,529,495

The Company’s commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loan customers include large healthcare and higher education institutions. During 2017, the Company increased its lending activities to these types of organizations. This increase may expose the Company to concentration risks inherent in financings based upon analysis of credit risk, the value of underlying collateral, and other more intangible factors, which are considered in originating commercial loans. The percentage of these types of organizations to total C&I loans has remained stable at 87% at December 31, 2019, compared to 86% at December 31, 2018.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

C&I loan customers also include various small and middle-market established businesses involved in manufacturing, distribution, retailing and services. Most clients are privately owned with markets that range from local to national in scope. Many of the loans to this segment are secured by liens on corporate assets and the personal guarantees of the principals. The regional economic strength or weakness impacts the relative risks in this loan category. There is little concentration in any one business sector, and loan risks are generally diversified among many borrowers.

Commercial real estate loans are extended to educational institutions, hospitals and othernon-profit organizations. Loans are normally extended in amounts up to a maximum of 80% of appraised value and normally for terms between three and thirty years. Also included in commercial real estate loans are loans extended to finance various manufacturing, warehouse, light industrial, office, retail and residential properties in the Bank’s market area, which generally includes Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island.

Amortization schedules are long term and thus a balloon payment is generally due at maturity. Under most circumstances, the Bank will offer to rewrite or otherwise extend the loan at prevailing interest rates. During recent years, the Bank has emphasized nonresidential-type owner-occupied properties. This complements our C&I emphasis placed on the operating business entities and will continue. The regional economic environment affects the risk of both nonresidential and residential mortgages.

Municipal loans customers include loans to municipalities or related interests, primarily for infrastructure projects. The Company had increased its lending activities to municipalities through 2016. Municipal loans decreased during 2017 and 2018 as a result of loan payoffs. Municipal loans increased during 2019 as a result of increased loan originations.

Residential real estate (1–4 family) includes two categories of loans. Included in residential real estate are approximately $48,023,000 of C&I type loans secured by 1–4 family real estate. Primarily, these are small businesses with modest capital or shorter operating histories where the collateral mitigates some risk. This category of loans shares similar risk characteristics with the C&I loans, notwithstanding the collateral position.

The other category of residential real estate loans is mostly 1–4 family residential properties located in the Bank’s market area. General underwriting criteria are largely the same as those used by Fannie Mae. The Bank utilizes mortgage insurance to provide lower down payment products and has provided a “First Time Homebuyer” product to encourage new home ownership. Residential real estate loan volume has increased and remains a core consumer product. The economic environment impacts the risks associated with this category.

Home equity loans are extended as both first and second mortgages on owner-occupied residential properties in the Bank’s market area. Loans are underwritten to a maximum loan to property value of 75%.

Bank officers evaluate the feasibility of construction projects based on independent appraisals of the project, architects’ or engineers’ evaluations of the cost of construction and other relevant data. As of December 31, 2019, the Company was obligated to advance a total of $11,062,000 to complete projects under construction.

Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when any payment of principal and/or interest is 90 days or more past due, unless the collateral is sufficient to cover both principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. The Company monitors closely the performance of its loan portfolio. In addition to internal loan review, the Company has contracted with an independent organization to review the Company’s commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios. This independent review was performed in each of the past five years. The status of delinquent loans, as well as situations identified as potential problems, is reviewed on a regular basis by senior management and monthly by the Board of Directors of the Bank.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Nonaccrual loans remained relatively stable from 2016 through 2019. Nonaccrual loans decreased during 2016, primarily as a result of a decrease in home equity and residential real estate nonperforming loans.

The composition of nonperforming assets is as follows:


December 31,	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
(dollars in thousands)
Total nonperforming loans	$	2,014		$	1,313		$	1,684		$	1,084		$	2,336
Other real estate owned		—			2,225			—			—			—

Total nonperforming assets	$	2,014		$	3,538		$	1,684		$	1,084		$	2,336

Accruing troubled debt restructured loans	$	2,361		$	2,559		$	2,749		$	3,526		$	2,893
Loans past due 90 and still accruing		—			—			—			—			—
Nonperforming loans as a percent of gross loans		0.08	%		0.15	%		0.08	%		0.06	%		0.13	%
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total assets		0.04	%		0.07	%		0.04	%		0.02	%		0.06	%

The composition of impaired loans is as follows:


	2019		2018		2017		2016		2015
Residential real estate, multi-family	$	—	$	—	$	4,212	$	198	$	916
Home equity		—		—		—		—		90
Commercial real estate		2,346		2,650		2,554		3,149		1,678
Construction and land development		—		—		—		94		98
Commercial and industrial		906		401		348		389		443

Total impaired loans	$	3,252	$	3,051	$	7,114	$	3,830	$	3,225

At December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015 impaired loans had specific reserves of $102,000, $145,000, $164,000, $173,000 and $250,000, respectively.

The Company was servicing mortgage loans sold to others without recourse of approximately $204,690,000, $209,160,000, $229,533,000, $229,730,000 and $185,299,000 at December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company had no loans held for sale at December 31, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Servicing assets are recorded at fair value and recognized as separate assets when rights are acquired through sale of loans with servicing rights retained. Mortgage servicing assets (“MSA”) are amortized intonon-interest income in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated net servicing income. Upon sale, the mortgage servicing asset is established, which represents the then-current estimated fair value based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively, is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses. Servicing rights are assessed for impairment based on fair value at each reporting date. MSAs are reported in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. MSAs totaled $1,202,000 at December 31, 2019, $1,226,000 at December 31, 2018, $1,525,000 at December 31, 2017, $1,629,000 at December 31, 2016 and $1,305,000 at December 31, 2015.

Directors and officers of the Company and their associates are customers of, and have other transactions with, the Company in the normal course of business. All loans and commitments included in such transactions were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons and do not involve more than normal risk of collection or present other unfavorable features.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The Company continues to monitor closely $31,631,000 and $31,728,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, of loans for which management has concerns regarding the ability of the borrowers to perform. The majority of the loans are secured by real estate and are considered to have adequate collateral value to cover the loan balances at December 31, 2019, although such values may fluctuate with changes in the economy and the real estate market. The decrease is primarily attributable to two loan relationships secured by real estate.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Company maintains an allowance for loan losses in an amount determined by management on the basis of the character of the loans, loan performance, financial condition of borrowers, the value of collateral securing loans and other relevant factors. The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s allowance for loan losses for the years indicated.


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017			2016			2015
(dollars in thousands)
Year-end loans outstanding
(net of unearned discount and deferred loan fees)	$	2,426,119		$	2,285,578		$	2,175,944		$	1,923,933		$	1,731,536

Average loans outstanding
(net of unearned discount and deferred loan fees)	$	2,341,190		$	2,222,946		$	2,059,797		$	1,838,136		$	1,507,546

Balance of allowance for loan losses at the beginning of year	$	28,543		$	26,255		$	24,406		$	23,075		$	22,318

Loanscharged-off:
Commercial and industrial		137			67			49			—			—
Construction		—			—			—			—			172
Commercial real estate		—			—			—			—			298
Residential real estate		22			450			—			27			—
Consumer		295			316			341			362			311

Total loanscharged-off		454			833			390			389			781

Recovery of loans previouslycharged-off:
Commercial and industrial		60			57			110			132			212
Construction		—			1,436			—			—			780
Real estate		—			75			84			6			91
Consumer		186			203			255			296			255

Total recoveries of loans previouslycharged-off:		246			1,771			449			434			1,338

Net loan charge-offs (recoveries)		208			(938	)		(59	)		(45	)		(557	)
Provision charged to operating expense		1,250			1,350			1,790			1,375			200
Reclassification to other liabilities		—			—			—			(89	)		—

Balance at end of year	$	29,585		$	28,543		$	26,255		$	24,406		$	23,075

Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) during the year to average loans outstanding		0.01	%		(0.04	)%		0.00	%		0.00	%		(0.04	)%

Ratio of allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding		1.22	%		1.25	%		1.21	%		1.27	%		1.33	%

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The amount of the allowance for loan losses results from management’s evaluation of the quality of the loan portfolio considering such factors as loan status, specific reserves on impaired loans, collateral values, financial condition of the borrower, the state of the economy and other relevant information. The level of the charge-offs depends on many factors, including the national and regional economy. Cyclical lagging factors may result in charge-offs being higher than historical levels. Charge-offs declined in 2015 and 2016 as a result of the overall decrease in the level of nonaccrual loans. Charge-offs increased in 2018 primarily as a result of one residential real estate loan. During 2018, there was also a large recovery of a construction loan that was previouslycharged-off. The dollar amount of the allowance for loan losses increased primarily as a result of an increase in loan balances offset, somewhat, by lower historical loss factors.

During 2015, the Company enhanced its approach to the development of the historical loss factors and qualitative factors used on certain loan portfolios. The methodology enhancement was in response to the changes in the risk characteristics of the Company’s new loan originations, as the Company has continued to increase its exposure to larger loan originations to large institutions with strong credit quality. The Company has limited internal loss history experience with these types of loans, and has determined a more appropriate representation of loss expectation is to utilize external historical loss factors based on public credit ratings, as there is a great deal of default and loss data available on these types of loans from the credit rating agencies. As of June 30, 2015, the Company incorporated this information into the development of the historical loss rates for these loan types. The combination of the enhancements made to the allowance methodology to address the changing risk profile of the Company’s new loan originations and the increase in these loan types as a percentage of the overall portfolio. For 2016 and 2017, the change in the ratio of the allowance for loan losses to loans outstanding, was primarily due to changes in portfolio composition, lower historical loss rates, and qualitative factor adjustments. For 2018, the ratio increased, primarily as a result of changes in qualitative factors related to general economic factors pertaining to certain industries. For 2019, the ratio decreased primarily as a result of improvements in historical loss factors.

In addition, the Company monitors the outlook for the industries in which these institutions operate. Healthcare and higher education are the primary industries. The Company also monitors the volatility of the losses within the historical data.

By combining the credit rating, the industry outlook and the loss volatility, the Company arrives at the quantitative loss factor for each credit grade.

Credit ratings issued by national organizations were utilized as credit quality indicators as presented in the following table at December 31, 2019.

Commercial
and
Industrial

Municipal

Commercial
Real Estate

Total

(in thousands)

Credit Rating:

Aaa-Aa3

523,644

53,273

40,437

617,354

A1-A3

186,044

7,354

148,346

341,744

Baa1-Baa3

—

51,133

144,711

195,844

Ba2

—

5,895

—

5,895

Total

709,688

117,655

333,494

1,160,837

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition


Credit ratings issued by national organizations were utilized as credit quality indicators as presented in the following table at December 31, 2018.
	Commercial and Industrial		Municipal		Commercial Real Estate		Total
(in thousands)
Credit Rating:
Aaa-Aa3	$	491,247	$	54,105	$	42,790	$	588,142
A1-A3		172,472		7,605		151,381		331,458
Baa1-Baa3		—		26,970		118,197		145,167
Ba2		—		6,810		—		6,810

Total	$	663,719	$	95,490	$	312,368	$	1,071,577

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of the amount needed for an adequate reserve to absorb losses in the existing loan portfolio. This amount is determined by an evaluation of the loan portfolio, including input from an independent organization engaged to review selected larger loans, a review of loan experience and current economic conditions. Although the allowance is allocated between categories, the entire allowance is available to absorb losses attributable to all loan categories. At December 31 of each year listed below, the allowance is comprised of the following:


	2019					2018					2017					2016					2015
	Amount		Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans			Amount		Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans			Amount		Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans			Amount		Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans			Amount		Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans
(dollars in thousands)
Construction and land development	$	331		0.4	%	$	1,092		0.6	%	$	1,645		0.9	%	$	1,012		0.8	%	$	2,041		1.6	%
Commercial and industrial		11,596		33.5	%		10,998		33.3	%		9,651		35.1	%		6,972		31.8	%		5,899		26.1	%
Municipal		2,566		5.0	%		1,838		4.3	%		1,720		4.9	%		1,612		7.1	%		994		4.9	%
Commercial real estate		11,464		32.4	%		10,663		32.8	%		9,728		33.7	%		11,135		36.2	%		10,589		41.7	%
Residential real estate		2,194		15.3	%		2,190		15.2	%		1,873		13.2	%		1,698		12.5	%		1,320		14.7	%
Consumer and other		312		0.9	%		365		0.9	%		373		0.8	%		582		0.6	%		644		0.7	%
Home equity		1,065		12.5	%		1,111		12.9	%		989		11.4	%		1,102		11.0	%		1,077		10.3	%
Unallocated		57					286					276					293					511

Total	$	29,585		100.0	%	$	28,543		100.0	%	$	26,255		100.0	%	$	24,406		100.0	%	$	23,075		100.0	%

Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as part of the examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. The enhancements described above have resulted in a lower level of unallocated allowance for loan losses. Further information regarding the allocation of the allowance is contained within Note 6 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Deposits

The Company offers savings accounts, NOW accounts, demand deposits, time deposits and money market accounts. Additionally, the Company offers cash management accounts which provide either automatic transfer of funds above a specified level from the customer’s checking account to a money market account or short-term borrowings. Also, an account reconciliation service is offered whereby the Company provides a report balancing the customer’s checking account.

Interest rates on deposits are set twice per month by the Bank’s rate-setting committee, based on factors including loan demand, maturities and a review of competing interest rates offered. Interest rate policies are reviewed periodically by the Executive Management Committee.

The following table sets forth the average balances of the Bank’s deposits for the periods indicated.


	2019					2018					2017
	Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent
(dollars in thousands)
Demand Deposits	$	760,420		17.4	%	$	753,604		18.5	%	$	687,853		18.0	%
Savings and Interest Checking		1,810,481		41.5	%		1,514,259		37.1	%		1,457,872		38.2	%
Money Market		1,273,389		29.2	%		1,230,010		30.2	%		1,105,072		28.9	%
Time Certificates of Deposit		519,761		11.9	%		577,975		14.2	%		566,940		14.9	%

Total	$	4,364,051		100.0	%	$	4,075,848		100.0	%	$	3,817,737		100.0	%

Time Deposits of $100,000 or more as of December 31, are as follows:


	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
Three months or less	$	84,940	$	141,500
Three months through six months		94,562		110,189
Six months through twelve months		146,830		100,446
Over twelve months		130,719		107,182

Total	$	457,051	$	459,317

Borrowings

The Bank’s borrowings consisted primarily of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) borrowings collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Bank’s FHLBB stock, certain qualified investment securities, deposits at the FHLBB and residential mortgages held in the Bank’s portfolios. The Bank’s borrowings from the FHLBB totaled $370,955,000, an increase of $168,577,000 from the prior year. The Bank’s remaining term borrowing capacity at the FHLBB at December 31, 2019, was approximately $245,138,000. In addition, the Bank has a $14,500,000 line of credit with the FHLBB. See Note 12 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, “Other Borrowed Funds and Subordinated Debentures,” for a schedule, including related interest rates and other information.

Subordinated Debentures

In December 2004, the Company consummated the sale of a Trust Preferred Securities offering, in which it issued $36,083,000 of subordinated debt securities due 2034 to its newly formed unconsolidated subsidiary, Century Bancorp Capital Trust II.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Century Bancorp Capital Trust II then issued 35,000 shares of Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities with a liquidation value of $1,000 per share. These securities paid dividends at an annualized rate of 6.65% for the first ten years and then converted to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 1.87% for the remaining 20 years. The coupon rate on these securities was 3.76% at December 31, 2019. The Company is using the proceeds primarily for general business purposes.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

The Bank’s remaining borrowings consist primarily of securities sold under agreements to repurchase. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase totaled $266,045,000, an increase of $111,805,000 from the prior year. See Note 11 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, “Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase,” for a schedule, including related interest rates and other information.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Interest Income

The Company’s operating results depend primarily on net interest income and fees received for providing services. Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis increased 3.4% in 2019 to $104,857,000, compared with $101,430,000 in 2018. The increase in net interest income for 2019 was mainly due to a 7.2% increase in the average balances of earning assets, combined with a similar increase in deposits and prepayment penalties collected. The increase in net interest income for 2018 was mainly due to a 5.1% increase in the average balances of earning assets, combined with a similar increase in deposits. The level of interest rates, the ability of the Company’s earning assets and liabilities to adjust to changes in interest rates and the mix of the Company’s earning assets and liabilities affect net interest income. The net interest margin on a fully taxable equivalent basis decreased to 2.10% in 2019 and decreased to 2.18% in 2018 from 2.25% in 2017. The decrease in the net interest margin for 2019 was primarily attributable to an increase in rates paid on deposits. The decrease in the net interest margin for 2018 was primarily the result of a decrease in the federal corporate tax rate from 34% to 21% as well as lower prepayment penalties collected during 2018. The decrease in the tax rate results in a lower tax equivalent yield ontax-exempt assets. The Company collected approximately $1,456,000, $39,000 and $907,000, respectively, of prepayment penalties, which are included in interest income on loans, for 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Additional information about the net interest margin is contained in the “Overview” section of this report. Also, there can be no assurance that certain factors beyond its control, such as the prepayment of loans and changes in market interest rates, will continue to positively impact the net interest margin. Management believes that the current yield curve environment will continue to present challenges as deposit and borrowing costs may have the potential to increase at a faster rate than corresponding asset categories.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The following table sets forth the distribution of the Company’s average assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity, and average rates earned or paid on a fully taxable equivalent basis for each of the years indicated.


Year Ended December 31,	2019									2018									2017
	Average Balance			Interest Income/ Expense⁽¹⁾			Rate Earned/ Paid⁽¹⁾			Average Balance			Interest Income/ Expense⁽¹⁾			Rate Earned/ Paid⁽¹⁾			Average Balance			Interest Income/ Expense⁽²⁾			Rate Earned/ Paid⁽²⁾
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS
Interest-earning assets:
Loans⁽³⁾
Taxable	$	1,207,896		$	54,720			4.53	%	$	1,102,390		$	46,615			4.23	%	$	978,593		$	39,103			4.00	%
Tax-exempt		1,133,294			41,998			3.71	%		1,120,556			40,439			3.61	%		1,081,204			40,420			3.74	%
Securitiesavailable-for-sale:⁽⁴⁾
Taxable		268,516			8,078			3.01	%		310,071			7,864			2.54	%		354,918			5,859			1.65	%
Tax-exempt		45,088			1,324			2.94	%		90,027			1,938			2.15	%		106,717			1,588			1.49	%
Securitiesheld-to-maturity:
Taxable		2,152,580			58,036			2.70	%		1,854,328			45,556			2.46	%		1,725,280			38,348			2.22	%
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks		189,710			4,051			2.14	%		183,903			3,498			1.90	%		189,193			2,097			1.11	%

Total interest-earning assets		4,997,084			168,207			3.37	%		4,661,275			145,910			3.13	%		4,435,905			127,415			2.87	%
Noninterest-earning assets		250,864									229,244									221,628
Allowance for loan losses		(29,004	)								(27,531	)								(25,329	)

Total assets	$	5,218,944								$	4,862,988								$	4,632,204

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing deposits:
NOW accounts	$	940,998		$	9,357			0.99	%	$	926,143		$	6,579			0.71	%	$	949,924		$	3,669			0.39	%
Savings accounts		869,483			11,826			1.36	%		588,116			5,178			0.88	%		507,948			2,627			0.52	%
Money market accounts		1,273,389			21,170			1.66	%		1,230,010			13,922			1.13	%		1,105,071			5,626			0.51	%
Time deposits		519,761			11,804			2.27	%		577,975			10,208			1.77	%		566,941			7,919			1.40	%

Total interest-bearing deposits		3,603,631			54,157			1.50	%		3,322,244			35,887			1.08	%		3,129,884			19,841			0.63	%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		224,361			2,347			1.05	%		147,944			976			0.66	%		189,684			496			0.26	%
Other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures		231,926			6,846			2.95	%		291,674			7,617			2.61	%		309,102			7,483			2.42	%

Total interest-bearing liabilities		4,059,918			63,350			1.56	%		3,761,862			44,480			1.18	%		3,628,670			27,820			0.77	%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities
Demand deposits		760,420									753,604									687,853
Other liabilities		79,437									70,020									60,925

Total liabilities		4,899,775									4,585,486									4,377,448

Stockholders’ equity		319,169									277,502									254,756
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	5,218,944								$	4,862,988								$	4,632,204

Net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis				$	104,857								$	101,430								$	99,595

Less taxable equivalent adjustment					(9,068	)								(8,854	)								(13,979	)

Net interest income				$	95,789								$	92,576								$	85,616

Net interest spread								1.81	%								1.95	%								2.10	%

Net interest margin								2.10	%								2.18	%								2.25	%

⁽¹⁾	On a fully taxable equivalent basis calculated using a federal tax rate of 21%.

⁽²⁾	On a fully taxable equivalent basis calculated using a federal tax rate of 34%.

⁽³⁾	Nonaccrual loans are included in average amounts outstanding.

⁽⁴⁾	At amortized cost.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The following table summarizes theyear-to-year changes in the Company’s net interest income resulting from fluctuations in interest rates and volume changes in earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Changes due to rate are computed by multiplying the change in rate by the prior year’s volume. Changes due to volume are computed by multiplying the change in volume by the prior year’s rate. Changes in volume and rate that cannot be separately identified have been allocated in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of each change.


Year Ended December 31,	2019 Compared with 2018 Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change in									2018 Compared with 2017 Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change in
	Volume			Rate			Total			Volume			Rate			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Interest income:
Loans
Taxable	$	4,644		$	3,461		$	8,105		$	5,144		$	2,368		$	7,512
Tax-exempt		463			1,096			1,559			1,445			(1,426	)		19
Securitiesavailable-for-sale:
Taxable		(1,136	)		1,350			214			(816	)		2,821			2,005
Tax-exempt		(1,171	)		557			(614	)		(277	)		627			350
Securitiesheld-to-maturity:
Taxable		7,772			4,708			12,480			2,994			4,214			7,208
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks		113			440			553			(61	)		1,462			1,401

Total interest income		10,685			11,612			22,297			8,429			10,066			18,495

Interest expense:
Deposits:
NOW accounts		107			2,671			2,778			(94	)		3,004			2,910
Savings accounts		3,108			3,540			6,648			468			2,083			2,551
Money market accounts		507			6,741			7,248			702			7,594			8,296
Time deposits		(1,105	)		2,701			1,596			157			2,132			2,289

Total interest-bearing deposits		2,617			15,653			18,270			1,233			14,813			16,046
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		642			729			1,371			(130	)		610			480
Other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures		(1,685	)		914			(771	)		(437	)		571			134

Total interest expense		1,574			17,296			18,870			666			15,994			16,660

Change in net interest income	$	9,111		$	(5,684	)	$	3,427		$	7,763		$	(5,928	)	$	1,835

Average earning assets were $4,997,084,000 in 2019, an increase of $335,809,000 or 7.2% from the average in 2018, which was 5.1% higher than the average in 2017. Total average securities, including securitiesavailable-for-sale and securitiesheld-to-maturity, were $2,466,184,000, an increase of 9.4% from the average in 2018. The increase in securities volume was mainly attributable to an increase in taxable securitiesheld-to-maturity. An increase in securities volume and rates resulted in higher securities income, which increased 21.8% to $67,438,000 on a fully taxable equivalent basis. Total average loans increased 5.3% to $2,341,190,000 after increasing $163,149,000 in 2018. The primary reason for the increase in loans was due in large part to an increase in taxable commercial real estate and residential mortgage lending. The increase in loan volume resulted in higher loan income. Loan income increased by 11.1% or $9,664,000 to $96,718,000 in 2019 compared to 2018. This was mainly the result of an increase in rates and average balances. Total loan income was $79,523,000 in 2017.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

The Company’s sources of funds include deposits and borrowed funds. On average, deposits increased 7.1%, or $288,203,000, in 2019 after increasing by 6.8%, or $258,111,000, in 2018. Deposits increased in 2019, primarily as a result of increases in savings, NOW, demand deposits, and money market accounts. This was offset, somewhat, by a decrease in time deposits. Deposits increased in 2018, primarily as a result of increases in time deposits, savings, demand deposits, and money market accounts. Borrowed funds and subordinated debentures decreased by 3.8% in 2019, following a decrease of 11.9% in 2018. The majority of the Company’s borrowed funds are borrowings from the FHLBB, and retail repurchase agreements. Average borrowings from the FHLBB decreased by approximately $59,748,000, and average retail repurchase agreements increased by $76,417,000 in 2019. Interest expense totaled $63,350,000 in 2019, an increase of $18,870,000, or 42.4%, from 2018 when interest expense increased 59.9% from 2017. The increase in interest expense, for 2019, is primarily due to increases in the rates on deposits and borrowed funds as well as an increase in average balances of deposits and repurchase agreements. The increase in interest expense, for 2018, is primarily due to increases in the rates on deposits as well as an increase in average balances of deposits.

Provision for Loan Losses

The provision for loan losses was $1,250,000 in 2019, compared with $1,350,000 in 2018 and $1,790,000 in 2017. These provisions are the result of management’s evaluation of the amounts and credit quality of the loan portfolio considering such factors as loan status, collateral values, financial condition of the borrower, the state of the economy and other relevant information. The provision for loan losses decreased during 2019, primarily as a result improvements in historical loss factors. The provision for loan losses decreased during 2018, primarily as a result of net recoveries of $938,000 offset by changes in qualitative factors.

Other Operating Income

During 2019, the Company continued to experience strong results in itsfee-based services, including fees derived from traditional banking activities such as deposit-related services, its automated lockbox collection system and full-service securities brokerage supported by LPL Financial, a full-service securities brokerage business.

Under the lockbox program, which is not tied to extensions of credit by the Company, the Company’s customers arrange for payments of their accounts receivable to be made directly to the Company. The Company records the amounts paid to its customers, deposits the funds to the customer’s account and provides automated records of the transactions to customers. Typical customers for the lockbox service are municipalities that use it to automate tax collections, utilities, and other commercial enterprises.

Through a program called Investment Services at Century Bank, the Bank provides full-service securities brokerage services supported by LPL Financial, a full-service securities brokerage business. Registered representatives employed by Century Bank offer limited investment advice, execute transactions and assist customers in financial and retirement planning. LPL Financial provides research to the Bank’s representatives. The Bank receives a share in the commission revenues.

Total other operating income in 2019 was $18,399,000, an increase of $2,151,000, or 13.2%, compared to 2018. This increase followed a decrease of $304,000, or 1.8%, in 2018, compared to 2017. Included in other operating income are net gains on sales of securities of $61,000, $302,000 and $47,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Also included in other operating income are net gains on sales of mortgage loans of $412,000, $0 and $370,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Service charge income, which continues to be a major source of other operating income, totaling $9,220,000 in 2019, increased $660,000 compared to 2018. This followed a decrease of $26,000 in 2018 compared to 2017. The increase in fees, in 2019, was mainly attributable to an increase processing activities and an increase in debit card fees. The decrease in fees, in 2018, was mainly attributable to an increase earnings credit rates paid to customers used to offset fees charged for processing activities. This was offset somewhat by an increase in debit card fees. Lockbox revenues totaled

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

$3,973,000, an increase of $699,000 in 2019 following a decrease of $16,000 in 2018. Lockbox revenues increased during 2019 primarily as a result of the addition of a large lockbox customer. Other income totaled $4,456,000, up $692,000 in 2019 following a decrease of $142,000 in 2018. The increase in 2019 was primarily the result of a death benefit received from life insurance policies as well as increases in wealth management fees. The decrease in 2018 was primarily the result of decreases in the returns on life insurance policies offset, somewhat by increase in wealth management fees, and merchant card sales royalties.

Operating Expenses

Total operating expenses were $72,129,000 in 2019, compared to $69,693,000 in 2018 and $67,119,000 in 2017.

Salaries and employee benefits expenses increased by $1,304,000 or 3.1% in 2019, after increasing by 5.4% in 2018. The increase in 2019 and 2018 was mainly attributable to merit increases in salaries. Occupancy expense increased by $154,000, or 2.5%, in 2019, following a decrease of $48,000, or 0.8%, in 2018. The increase in 2019 was primarily attributable to an increase in rent and real estate tax expense. The decrease in 2018 was primarily attributable to a decrease in depreciation expense.

Equipment expense increased by $106,000, or 3.4%, in 2019, following an increase of $240,000, or 8.3%, in 2018. The increase in 2019 was primarily attributable to an increase in service contracts expense. The increase in 2018 was primarily attributable to an increase in depreciation expense.

FDIC assessments decreased by $742,000, or 50.4%, in 2019, following a decrease of $110,000, or 7.0%, in 2018. FDIC assessments decreased in 2019 mainly as a result of FDIC assessment credits recognized during 2019. FDIC assessments decreased in 2018 mainly as a result of a decrease in the assessment rate.

Other operating expenses increased by $1,614,000 in 2019, which followed a $299,000 increase in 2018. The increase in 2019 was primarily attributable to an increase in pension and software maintenance

expense. The increase in 2018 was primarily attributable to an increase in consultants’ expense and software maintenance expense.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $1,110,000 in 2019, $1,568,000 in 2018, and $10,958,000 in 2017. The effective tax rate was 2.7% in 2019, 4.2% in 2018, and 32.9% in 2017. The decrease for 2019 was primarily as a result of a reduction in tax accruals related to sequestration of the refundable portion of our alternative minimum tax (AMT) credit carryforward. On January 14, 2019, the IRS updated its announcement “Effect of Sequestration on the Alternative Minimum Tax Credit for Corporations” to clarify that refundable AMT credits under Section 53(e) of the Internal Revenue Code are not subject to sequestration for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017. Therefore, the full amount of the AMT credit carryover will be refunded to the Company. The decrease for 2018 was primarily as a result of a reduction in the value of its net deferred tax asset resulting in a charge of $8,448,000 to 2017 income tax expense as a result of the Tax Act as previously discussed. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Act was enacted, which lowered the Company’s federal tax rate from 34% to 21%. As a result of the rate reduction, the Company recorded a reduction in the value of its net deferred tax asset. The federal tax rate was 21% in 2019 and 2018, and 34% in 2017.

Market Risk and Asset Liability Management

Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates. The Company’s market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in its lending and deposit-taking activities. To that end, management actively monitors and manages its interest rate risk exposure.

The Company’s profitability is affected by fluctuations in interest rates. A sudden and substantial change in interest rates may adversely impact the Company’s earnings to the extent that the interest rates borne by assets and liabilities do not change at the same speed, to the same extent or on the same basis. The Company monitors the impact of changes in interest rates on its net interest income using several tools. One measure of the Company’s

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

exposure to differential changes in interest rates between assets and liabilities is an interest rate risk management test.

This test measures the impact on net interest income of an immediate change in interest rates in100-basis point increments as set forth in the following table:


Change in Interest Rates (in Basis Points)		Percentage Change in Net Interest Income⁽¹⁾
+400		(13.0)
+300		(10.8)
+200		(6.3)
+100		(4.3)
–100		2.7
–200		4.6

⁽¹⁾	The percentage change in this column represents net interest income for 12 months in various rate scenarios versus the net interest income in a stable interest rate environment.

The changes in the table above are within the Company’s policy parameters.

The Company’s primary objective in managing interest rate risk is to minimize the adverse impact of changes in interest rates on the Company’s net interest income and capital, while structuring the Company’s asset-liability structure to obtain the maximum yield-cost spread on that structure. The Company relies primarily on its asset-liability structure to control interest rate risk.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is provided by maintaining an adequate level of liquid assets that includes cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and other temporary investments. Liquid assets totaled $258,693,000 on December 31, 2019, compared with $342,503,000 on December 31, 2018. In each of these two years, deposit and borrowing activity has generally been adequate to support asset activity.

The sources of funds for dividends paid by the Company are dividends received from the Bank and liquid funds held by the Company. The Company and the Bank are regulated enterprises and their abilities to pay dividends are subject to regulatory review and restriction. Certain regulatory and statutory restrictions exist regarding dividends, loans and advances from the Bank to the Company. Generally, the Bank has the ability to pay dividends to the Company subject to minimum regulatory capital requirements.

Capital Adequacy

Total stockholders’ equity was $332,581,000 at December 31, 2019, compared with $300,439,000 at December 31, 2018. The Company’s equity increased primarily as a result of earnings, offset somewhat by an increase in other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, and by dividends paid. Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, increased primarily as a result of an increase in the pension liability, net of taxes, and an increase in unrealized losses on securitiesavailable-for-sale, net of taxes, offset somewhat by a decrease in unrealized losses on securities transferred fromavailable-for-sale toheld-to-maturity, net of taxes.

Federal banking regulators have issued risk-based capital guidelines, which assign risk factors to asset categories andoff-balance-sheet items. The following table reflects capital ratios computed utilizing the recently implemented Basel III regulatory capital framework:

Minimum
Capital Ratios

Bank

Company

Leverage ratios

4.00

7.01

7.25

Common equity tier 1 risk weighted capital ratios

4.50

12.57

11.80

Tier 1 risk weighted capital ratios

6.00

12.57

12.98

Total risk weighted capital ratios

8.00

13.57

13.97

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Contractual Obligations, Commitments, and Contingencies

The Company has entered into contractual obligations and commitments. The following tables summarize the Company’s contractual cash obligations and other commitments at December 31, 2019.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments by Maturity

(dollars in thousands)

Payments Due—By Period

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

Total

Less Than
One Year

One to
Three Years

Three to
Five Years

After Five
Years

FHLBB advances

370,955

218,000

46,000

70,000

36,955

Subordinated debentures

36,083

—

36,083

Retirement benefit obligations

56,651

4,171

8,907

10,551

33,022

Lease obligations

8,446

2,300

3,421

2,144

581

Customer repurchase agreements

266,045

—

Total contractual cash obligations

738,180

490,516

58,328

82,695

106,641

Amount of Commitment Expiring—By Period

OTHER COMMITMENTS

Total

Less Than
One Year

One to
Three Years

Three to
Five Years

After Five
Years

Lines of credit

625,524

71,336

32,191

80,346

441,651

Standby and commercial letters of credit

5,779

4,547

371

768

Other commitments

40,669

18,277

2,521

5,804

14,067

Total commitments

671,972

94,160

35,083

86,918

455,811

Financial Instruments withOff-Balance-Sheet Risk

The Company is party to financial instruments withoff-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments primarily include commitments to originate and sell loans, standby letters of credit, unused lines of credit and unadvanced portions of construction loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in these particular classes of financial instruments.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for loan commitments, standby letters of credit and unadvanced portions of construction loans is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does foron-balance-sheet instruments.

Financial instruments withoff-balance-sheet risk at December 31 are as follows:


Contract or Notional Amount	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amount represents credit risk:
Commitments to originate 1–4 family mortgages	$	13,806	$	5,075
Standby and commercial letters of credit		5,779		4,258
Unused lines of credit		625,524		553,045
Unadvanced portions of construction loans		11,062		28,746
Unadvanced portions of other loans		15,801		20,305

Commitments to originate loans, unadvanced portions of construction loans and unused letters of credit are generally agreements to lend to a customer, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on acase-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance by a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The fair value of standby letters of credit was $44,000 and $51,000 for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Recent Accounting Developments

Accounting Standards Issued but not yet Adopted

The following list identifies ASUs applicable to the Company that have been issued by the FASB but are not yet effective:

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. The amendments in this ASU simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The effect of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (CECL). This ASU was issued to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to

extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date.

To achieve this objective, the amendments in this ASU replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years.

To implement the new standard the Company has purchased a software solution and has captured the information needed to implement this ASU. As part of the FASB ASC 326 implementation process, the company is using two models: a rating migration model and a probability of default model. The ratings migration model, which will be used for our larger loans made to institutions with available credit ratings, is designed to estimate loss reserves according to the CECL standard for rated loans or similar instruments. The model structure follows a grade migration approach, where the default rate is based on the probability of each grade transition which is modelled using historical data. The probability of default model, which will be used for our remaining commercial loans and our consumer loans, is based primarily on four components: loss history, product lifecycle, behavioural attributes and the economic environment. During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company has been testing the two CECL credit models in parallel with the existing incurred loss models. The Company is currently refining the qualitative framework that overlays the two models. In addition, the Company is continuing to work on finalizing the CECL accounting policies and the CECL processes and related controls. The Company does not expect a material impact to the financial statements upon implementation on January 1, 2020; however, the final impact is subject to change as the Company refines its calculation.

The securitiesheld-to-maturity include U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises, BSA Backed Securities and U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities. The Company expects no impact from ASU2016-13 to arise from this portfolio.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Since ASU2016-13, the FASB has issued amendments intended on improving the clarification of the amendment, ASU2018-19 Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses and ASU2019-04 Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The amendment in ASU2018-19 was issued in November 2018 and was intended to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. The amendment inASU 2019-04 was issued in April 2019 and was intended to clarify stakeholders’ specific issues about certain aspects of the amendments in ASU2016-13. ASU2019-05 Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief was also issued in May 2019. This ASU provides entities the option to irrevocably elect the fair value option for certain financial assets previously measured at amortized costs basis. The fair value option election does not apply toheld-to-maturity debt securities. An entity that elects the fair value option should subsequently apply the guidance in Subtopics820-10, Fair Value Measurement—Overall. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified-retrospective basis by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings balance in the statement of financial position as of the date that an entity early adopted the amendments inASU 2016-13. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU2019-11, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. The amendments in this ASU affect a variety of Topics in the Codification. The amendments apply to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The effects of these ASUs are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In August 2018, FASB issued ASU2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal Use Software (Subtopic350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task

Force). The amendments in this ASU align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtaininternal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The effect of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In August 2018, FASB issued ASU2018-14, Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic715-20): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. The amendments in this ASU remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The effect of this update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In August 2018, FASB issued ASU2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value. The amendments in this ASU modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The effect of this update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). This ASU was issued to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. For public entities, this ASU is effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, and application should be on a prospective basis. The effect of this update is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

Consolidated Balance Sheets


December 31,	2019			2018
(dollars in thousands except share data)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks (Note 2)	$	44,420		$	89,540
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits in other banks		214,273			252,963

Total cash and cash equivalents		258,693			342,503
Securitiesavailable-for-sale, amortized cost $260,924 in 2019 and $336,751 in 2018 (Notes 3, 9 and 11)		260,502			336,759
Securitiesheld-to-maturity, fair value $2,361,304 in 2019 and $1,991,421 in 2018 (Notes 4 and 11)		2,351,120			2,046,647
Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston, stock at cost		19,471			17,974
Equity securities, amortized cost $1,635 in 2019 and $1,635 in 2018, respectively		1,688			1,596
Loans, net (Note 5)		2,426,119			2,285,578
Less: allowance for loan losses (Note 6)		29,585			28,543

Net loans		2,396,534			2,257,035
Bank premises and equipment (Note 7)		33,952			23,921
Accrued interest receivable		13,110			14,406
Other assets (Notes 5, 6, 8, 16, 23)		157,354			123,094

Total assets	$	5,492,424		$	5,163,935

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Demand deposits	$	712,842		$	813,478
Savings and NOW deposits		1,678,250			1,707,019
Money market accounts		1,453,572			1,325,888
Time deposits (Note 10)		555,447			560,579

Total deposits		4,400,111			4,406,964
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (Note 11)		266,045			154,240
Other borrowed funds (Note 12)		370,955			202,378
Subordinated debentures (Note 12)		36,083			36,083
Other liabilities		86,649			63,831

Total liabilities		5,159,843			4,863,496
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7, 18 and 19)
Stockholders’ equity (Note 15):
Preferred Stock—$1.00 par value; 100,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock, Class A,
$1.00 par value per share; authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued 3,650,949 shares in 2019 and 3,608,329 shares in 2018		3,651			3,608
Common stock, Class B,
$1.00 par value per share; authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued 1,916,960 in 2019 and 1,959,580 shares in 2018		1,917			1,960
Additionalpaid-in capital		12,292			12,292
Retained earnings		338,980			301,488

		356,840			319,348
Unrealized (losses) gains on securitiesavailable-for-sale, net of taxes		(308	)		6
Unrealized losses on securities transferred toheld-to maturity, net of taxes		(1,812	)		(2,565	)
Pension liability, net of taxes		(22,139	)		(16,350	)

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes (Notes 3 and 13)		(24,259	)		(18,909	)

Total stockholders’ equity		332,581			300,439

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	5,492,424		$	5,163,935

See accompanying “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Consolidated Statements of Income


Year Ended December 31,	2019		2018		2017
(dollars in thousands except share data)
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, taxable	$	54,720	$	46,615	$	39,103
Loans,non-taxable		33,167		31,936		26,910
Securitiesavailable-for-sale, taxable		7,125		6,748		4,987
Securitiesavailable-for-sale,non-taxable		1,087		1,587		1,119
Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston dividends		953		1,116		872
Securitiesheld-to-maturity		58,036		45,556		38,348
Federal funds sold, interest-bearing deposits in other banks and short-term investments		4,051		3,498		2,097

Total interest income		159,139		137,056		113,436
INTEREST EXPENSE
Savings and NOW deposits		21,183		11,757		6,296
Money market accounts		21,170		13,922		5,626
Time deposits		11,804		10,208		7,919
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		2,347		976		496
Other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures		6,846		7,617		7,483

Total interest expense		63,350		44,480		27,820

Net interest income		95,789		92,576		85,616
Provision for loan losses (Note 6)		1,250		1,350		1,790

Net interest income after provision for loan losses		94,539		91,226		83,826
OTHER OPERATING INCOME
Service charges on deposit accounts		9,220		8,560		8,586
Lockbox fees		3,973		3,274		3,290
Brokerage commissions		277		348		353
Net gains on sales of securities		61		302		47
Gains on sales of mortgage loans		412		—		370
Other income		4,456		3,764		3,906

Total other operating income		18,399		16,248		16,552
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries and employee benefits (Note 17)		44,014		42,710		40,517
Occupancy		6,246		6,092		6,140
Equipment		3,238		3,132		2,892
FDIC assessments		729		1,471		1,581
Other (Note 20)		17,902		16,288		15,989

Total operating expenses		72,129		69,693		67,119

Income before income taxes		40,809		37,781		33,259
Provision for income taxes (Note 16)		1,110		1,568		10,958

Net income	$	39,699	$	36,213	$	22,301

SHARE DATA (Note 14)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic
Class A		3,633,044		3,608,179		3,604,029
Class B		1,934,865		1,959,730		1,963,880
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, diluted
Class A		5,567,909		5,567,909		5,567,909
Class B		1,934,865		1,959,730		1,963,880
Basic earnings per share
Class A	$	8.63	$	7.89	$	4.86
Class B	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43
Diluted earnings per share
Class A	$	7.13	$	6.50	$	4.01
Class B	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43

See accompanying “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
NET INCOME	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Unrealized (losses) gains on securities:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during period		(270	)		326			533
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income		(44	)		(217	)		(28	)

Total unrealized (losses) gains on securities		(314	)		109			505
Accretion of net unrealized losses transferred during period		753			1,086			1,034
Defined benefit pension plans:
Pension liability adjustment:
Net (loss) gain		(6,842	)		3,770			(2,315	)
Amortization of prior service cost and loss included in net periodic benefit cost		1,053			1,167			931

Total pension liability adjustment		(5,789	)		4,937			(1,384	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income		(5,350	)		6,132			155

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	34,349		$	42,345		$	22,456

See accompanying “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity


	Class A Common Stock		Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders’ Equity
(dollars in thousands except share data)
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2016	$	3,601	$	1,967		$	12,292	$	243,565		$	(21,384	)	$	240,041
Net income		—		—			—		22,301			—			22,301
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Unrealized holding gains arising during period, net of $331 in taxes and $47 in realized net gains		—		—			—		—			505			505
Accretion of net unrealized losses transferred during the period, net of $1,258 in taxes		—		—			—		—			1,034			1,034
Pension liability adjustment, net of $286 in taxes		—		—			—		—			(1,384	)		(1,384	)
Conversion of Class B Common Stock to Class A
Common Stock, 5,100 shares		5		(5	)		—		—			—			—
Cash dividends, Class A Common Stock, $0.48 per share		—		—			—		(1,729	)		—			(1,729	)
Cash dividends, Class B Common Stock, $0.24 per share		—		—			—		(471	)		—			(471	)

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2017	$	3,606	$	1,962		$	12,292	$	263,666		$	(21,229	)	$	260,297
Net income		—		—			—		36,213			—			36,213
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Unrealized holding gains arising during period, net of $16 in taxes and $302 in realized net gains		—		—			—		—			109			109
Accretion of net unrealized losses transferred during the period, net of $391 in taxes		—		—			—		—			1,086			1,086
Pension liability adjustment, net of $1,930 in taxes		—		—			—		—			4,937			4,937
Adoption of ASU2018-2, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)-Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from AOCI		—		—			—		3,783			(3,783	)		—
Adoption of ASU2016-1, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic825-10) Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities		—		—			—		29			(29	)		—
Conversion of Class B Common Stock to Class A Common Stock, 2,500 shares		2		(2	)		—		—			—			—
Cash dividends, Class A Common Stock, $0.48 per share		—		—			—		(1,732	)		—			(1,732	)
Cash dividends, Class B Common Stock, $0.24 per share		—		—			—		(471	)		—			(471	)

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2018	$	3,608	$	1,960		$	12,292	$	301,488		$	(18,909	)	$	300,439
Net income		—		—			—		39,699			—			39,699
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Unrealized holding gains arising during period, net of $116 in taxes and $61 in realized net gains		—		—			—		—			(314	)		(314	)
Accretion of net unrealized losses transferred during the period, net of $269 in taxes		—		—			—		—			753			753
Pension liability adjustment, net of $2,263 in taxes		—		—			—		—			(5,789	)		(5,789	)
Conversion of Class B Common Stock to Class A
Common Stock, 42,620 shares		43		(43	)		—		—			—			—
Cash dividends, Class A Common Stock, $0.48 per share		—		—			—		(1,742	)		—			(1,742	)
Cash dividends, Class B Common Stock, $0.24 per share		—		—			—		(465	)		—			(465	)

BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 2019	$	3,651	$	1,917		$	12,292	$	338,980		$	(24,259	)	$	332,581

See accompanying “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain on sales of portfolio loans		(412	)		—			(370	)
Gain on sale of fixed assets		—			—			(11	)
Net loss on other real estate owned		79			—			—
Net gains on sales of securities		(61	)		(302	)		(47	)
Net (gain) loss on equity securities		(92	)		67			—
Provision for loan losses		1,250			1,350			1,790
Deferred tax (expense) benefit		(2,135	)		(1,766	)		6,918
Net depreciation and amortization		(2,382	)		885			3,047
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable		1,296			(3,227	)		(1,534	)
(Increase) decrease in other assets		8,532			2,326			(16,310	)
Increase in other liabilities		2,075			5,242			5,802

Net cash provided by operating activities		47,849			40,788			21,586
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments		—			—			5,284
Purchase of short-term investments		—			—			(2,101	)
Proceeds from redemptions of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston stock		14,380			18,388			10,127
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston stock		(15,877	)		(14,583	)		(10,864	)
Proceeds from calls/maturities of securitiesavailable-for-sale		144,739			215,406			259,388
Proceeds from sales of securitiesavailable-for-sale		16,285			27,517			18,180
Purchase of securitiesavailable-for-sale		(85,123	)		(183,588	)		(175,147	)
Proceeds from calls/maturities of securitiesheld-to-maturity		458,915			234,741			293,221
Proceeds from sales of securitiesheld-to-maturity		1,193			—			—
Purchase of securitiesheld-to-maturity		(757,997	)		(576,140	)		(337,773	)
Proceeds from life insurance policies		5,461			375			115
Proceeds from sales of portfolio loans		22,120			—			26,701
Net increase in loans		(162,415	)		(110,874	)		(278,242	)
Bank owned life insurance purchases		(33,664	)		—			—
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned		2,146			—			—
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets		—			—			11
Capital expenditures		(13,144	)		(3,601	)		(3,244	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(402,981	)		(392,359	)		(194,344	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net (decrease) increase in time deposit accounts		(5,132	)		(64,782	)		147,002
Net (decrease) increase in demand, savings, money market and NOW deposits		(1,721	)		554,779			116,747
Cash dividends		(2,207	)		(2,203	)		(2,200	)
Net increase (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase		111,805			(4,750	)		(23,290	)
Net increase (decrease) in other borrowed funds		168,577			(145,400	)		54,778

Net cash provided by financing activities		271,322			337,644			293,037

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(83,810	)		(13,927	)		120,279
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		342,503			356,430			236,151

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	258,693		$	342,503		$	356,430

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid (received) during the year for:
Interest	$	63,345		$	44,289		$	27,731
Income taxes	$	(6,504)		$	590		$	5,330
Change in unrealized losses on securitiesavailable-for-sale, net of taxes	$	(314)		$	109		$	505
Change in unrealized losses on securities transferred toheld-to-maturity, net of taxes	$	753		$	1,086		$	1,034
Pension liability adjustment, net of taxes	$	(5,789)		$	4,937		$	(1,384)
Transfer of loans to other real estate owned	$	—		$	2,225		$	—

See accompanying “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1.	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Century Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Century Bank and Trust Company (the “Bank”). The consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiaries, Century Subsidiary Investments, Inc. (“CSII”), Century Subsidiary Investments, Inc. II (“CSII II”), Century Subsidiary Investments, Inc. III (“CSII III”) and Century Financial Services Inc. (“CFSI”). CSII, CSII II, and CSII III are engaged in buying, selling and holding investment securities. CFSI has the power to engage in financial agency, securities brokerage, and investment and financial advisory services and related securities credit. The Company also owns 100% of Century Bancorp Capital Trust II (“CBCT II”). The entity is an unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company.

All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company provides a full range of banking services to individual, business and municipal customers in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New York. As a bank holding company, the Company is subject to the regulation and supervision of the Federal Reserve Board. The Bank, a state chartered financial institution, is subject to supervision and regulation by applicable state and federal banking agencies, including the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks. The Bank is also subject to various requirements and restrictions under federal and state law, including requirements to maintain reserves against deposits, restrictions on the types and amounts of loans that may be granted and the interest that may be charged thereon, and limitations on the types of investments that may be made and the types of services that may be offered. Various consumer laws and regulations also affect the operations of the Bank. In addition to the impact of regulation,

commercial banks are affected significantly by the actions of the Federal Reserve Board as it attempts to control the money supply and credit availability in order to influence the economy. All aspects of the Company’s business are highly competitive. The Company faces aggressive competition from other lending institutions and from numerous other providers of financial services. The Company has one reportable operating segment.

The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and general practices within the banking industry. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Material estimates that are susceptible to change in the near term relate to the allowance for loan losses. Management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate based on a review of factors, including historicalcharge-off rates with additional allocations based on qualitative risk factors for each category and general economic factors. While management uses available information to recognize loan losses, future additions to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions. In addition, regulatory agencies periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance for loan losses based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. Certain reclassifications are made to prior-year amounts whenever necessary to conform with the current-year presentation.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The three broad levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Level I—Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date. The type of financial instruments included in Level I are highly liquid cash instruments with quoted prices, such asG-7 government, agency securities, listed equities and money market securities, as well as listed derivative instruments.

Level II—Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these financial instruments includes cash instruments for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently, derivative instruments whose fair value has been derived using a model where inputs to the model are directly observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data, and instruments that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed. Instruments that are generally included in this category are corporate bonds and loans, mortgage whole loans, municipal bonds and over the counter (“OTC”) derivatives.

Level III—These instruments have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not havetwo-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Instruments that are included in this category generally include certain commercial mortgage loans, certain private equity investments, distressed debt, and noninvestment grade residual interests in securitizations as well as certain highly structured OTC derivative contracts.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash equivalents include highly liquid assets with an original maturity of three months or less. Highly liquid assets include cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and certificates of deposit.

SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

Short-term investments include highly liquid certificates of deposit with original maturities of more than 90 days but less than one year.

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Debt securities that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified asheld-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost; debt securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling are classified as trading and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings; and debt securities not classified as eitherheld-to-maturity or trading are classified asavailable-for-sale and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, net of estimated related income taxes. Equity securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. The Company has no securities held for trading.

Premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted into income by use of the level-yield method. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities are recognized on the trade date on a specific identification basis.

Management also considers the Company’s capital adequacy, interest-rate risk, liquidity and business plans in assessing whether it is more likely than not that the Company will sell or be required to sell the investment securities before recovery. Other-than-temporary-impairment (OTTI) arises when a security’s fair value is less than its amortized cost and, based on specific factors, the loss is considered OTTI. If the Company determines that a decline in fair value is OTTI and that it is more likely than not that the Company will not sell or be required to sell the investment security before recovery of its amortized cost, the credit portion of the impairment loss is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of income and the noncredit portion is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. The credit portion of the OTTI impairment represents the difference between the amortized cost and the present value of the expected future cash

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

flows of the investment security. If the Company determines that a decline in fair value is OTTI and it is more likely than not that it will sell or be required to sell the investment security before recovery of its amortized cost, the entire difference between the amortized cost and the fair value of the security will be recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of income.

The transfer of a security between categories of investments shall be accounted for at fair value. For a debt security transferred into theheld-to-maturity category from theavailable-for-sale category, the unrealized holding gain or loss at the date of the transfer shall continue to be reported in a separate component of shareholders’ equity but shall be amortized over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment of yield in a manner consistent with the amortization of any premium or discount. The amortization of an unrealized holding gain, or loss reported in equity will offset or mitigate the effect on interest income of the amortization of the premium or discount for thatheld-to-maturity security.

The sale of a securityheld-to-maturity may occur after a substantial portion (at least 85%) of the principal outstanding at acquisition has been paid. This may be due either to prepayments on the debt security or to scheduled payments on the debt security that is payable in equal installments over its term. For variable rate securities, the scheduled payments need not be equal.

FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK STOCK

The Bank, as a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”), is required to maintain an investment in capital stock of the FHLBB. Based on redemption provisions, the stock has no quoted market value and is carried at cost. At its discretion, the FHLBB may declare dividends on the stock. The Company reviews for impairment based on the ultimate recoverability of the cost basis of the stock. As of December 31, 2019, no impairment has been recognized.

LOANS HELD FOR SALE

Loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or

estimated fair value in the aggregate. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income.

LOANS

Loans are stated at the principal amount outstanding, net of amounts charged off, unamortized premiums or discounts, and deferred loan fees or costs. Interest on loans is recognized based on the daily principal amount outstanding. Accrual of interest is discontinued when loans become ninety days delinquent unless the collateral is sufficient to cover both principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection.Past-due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. Loans, including impaired loans, on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued, are designated nonaccrual loans. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, all income that has been accrued but remains unpaid is reversed against current period income, and all amortization of deferred loan costs and fees is discontinued. Nonaccrual loans may be returned to an accrual status when principal and interest payments are not delinquent, or the risk characteristics of the loan have improved to the extent that there no longer exists a concern as to the collectibility of principal and interest. Income received on nonaccrual loans is either recorded in income or applied to the principal balance of the loan, depending on management’s evaluation as to the collectibility of principal.

Loan origination fees and related direct loan origination costs are offset, and the resulting net amount is deferred and amortized over the life of the related loans using the level-yield method. Prepayments are not initially considered when amortizing premiums and discounts.

The Bank measures impairment for impaired loans at either the fair value of the loan, the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This method applies to all loans, uncollateralized as well as collateralized, except large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans such as residential real estate and consumer loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. For collateral dependent loans, the amount of the recorded investment in a

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

loan that exceeds the fair value of the collateral ischarged-off against the allowance for loan losses in lieu of an allocation of a specific allowance when such an amount has been identified definitively as uncollectible. Management considers the payment status, net worth and earnings potential of the borrower, and the value and cash flow of the collateral as factors to determine if a loan will be paid in accordance with its contractual terms. Management does not set any minimum delay of payments as a factor in reviewing for impaired classification. Loans arecharged-off when management believes that the collectibility of the loan’s principal is not probable. The specific factors that management considers in making the determination that the collectibility of the loan’s principal is not probable include the delinquency status of the loan, the fair value of the collateral, if secured, and, the financial strength of the borrower and/or guarantors. In addition, criteria for classification of a loan asin-substance foreclosure has been modified so that such classification need be made only when a lender is in possession of the collateral. The Bank measures the impairment of troubled debt restructurings using thepre-modification effective rate of interest.

TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS

Transfers of financial assets, typically residential mortgages and loan participations for the Company, are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets.

ACQUIRED LOANS

In accordance with FASB ASC310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (formerly Statement of Position (“SOP”)No. 03-3, “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer”) the Company reviews acquired loans for differences between contractual cash flows and cash flows expected to be

collected from the Company’s initial investment in the acquired loans to determine if those differences are attributable, at least in part, to credit quality. If those differences are attributable to credit quality, the loan’s contractually required payments received in excess of the amount of its cash flows expected at acquisition, or nonaccretable discount, is not accreted into income. FASB ASC310-30 requires that the Company recognize the excess of all cash flows expected at acquisition over the Company’s initial investment in the loan as interest income using the interest method over the term of the loan. This excess is referred to as accretable discount and is recorded as a reduction of the loan balance.

Loans which, at acquisition, do not have evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination are outside the scope of FASB ASC310-30. For such loans, the discount, if any, representing the excess of the amount of reasonably estimable and probable discounted future cash collections over the purchase price, is accreted into interest income using the interest method over the term of the loan. Prepayments are not considered in the calculation of accretion income. Additionally, the discount is not accreted on nonperforming loans.

When a loan is paid off, the excess of any cash received over the net investment is recorded as interest income. In addition to the amount of purchase discount that is recognized at that time, income may include interest owed by the borrower prior to the Company’s acquisition of the loan, interest collected if on nonperforming status, prepayment fees and other loan fees.

NONPERFORMING ASSETS

In addition to nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets include other real estate owned. Other real estate owned is comprised of properties acquired through foreclosure or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure. Other real estate owned is recorded initially at the lower of cost or the estimated fair value less costs to sell. When such assets are acquired, the excess of the loan balance over the estimated fair value of the asset is charged to the allowance for loan losses. An allowance for losses on other real estate owned is established by a charge to earnings when, upon periodic evaluation by management, further declines in the estimated fair value of properties have occurred.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Such evaluations are based on an analysis of individual properties as well as a general assessment of current real estate market conditions. Holding costs and rental income on properties are included in current operations, while certain costs to improve such properties are capitalized. Gains and losses from the sale of other real estate owned are reflected in earnings when realized.

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The allowance for loan losses is based on management’s evaluation of the quality of the loan portfolio and is used to provide for losses resulting from loans that ultimately prove uncollectible. The components of the allowance for loan losses represent estimates based upon Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 450, contingencies, and ASC Topic 310 Receivables. ASC Topic 450 applies to homogenous loan pools such as consumer installment, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and commercial loans that are not individually evaluated for impairment under ASC Topic 310. In determining the level of the allowance, periodic evaluations are made of the loan portfolio, which takes into account factors such as the characteristics of the loans, loan status, financial strength of the borrowers, value of collateral securing the loans and other relevant information sufficient to reach an informed judgment. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to income and reduced by loan charge-offs, net of recoveries. Management maintains an allowance for loan losses to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance is based on assessments of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Management’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance consists of several key elements, which include the specific allowances, if appropriate, for identified problem loans, formula allowance, and possibly an unallocated allowance. Arriving at an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses necessarily involves a high degree of judgment.

While management uses available information in establishing the allowance for loan losses, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used in making the evaluations. Loans arecharged-off in whole or in part when, in

management’s opinion, collectibility is not probable. The specific factors that management considers in making the determination that the collectibility of the loan’s principal is not probable include the delinquency status of the loan, the fair value of the collateral and the financial strength of the borrower and/or guarantors.

Under ASC Topic 310, a loan is impaired, based upon current information and in management’s opinion, when it is probable that the loan will not be repaid according to its original contractual terms, including both principal and interest, or if a loan is designated as a Troubled Debt Restructuring (“TDR”). Specific allowances for loan losses entail the assignment of allowance amounts to individual loans on the basis of loan impairment. Under this method, loans are selected for evaluation based upon a change in internal risk rating, occurrence of delinquency, loan classification or nonaccrual status. A specific allowance amount is allocated to an individual loan when such loan has been deemed impaired and when the amount of a probable loss is able to be estimated on the basis of: (a) present value of anticipated future cash flows, (b) the loan’s observable fair market price or (c) fair value of collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. For collateral dependent loans, the amount of the recorded investment in a loan that exceeds the fair value of the collateral ischarged-off against the allowance for loan losses in lieu of an allocation of a specific allowance when such an amount has been identified definitively as uncollectible.

In estimating probable loan loss under ASC Topic 450, management considers numerous factors, including historical charge-offs and subsequent recoveries. The formula allowances are based on evaluations of homogenous loans to determine the allocation appropriate within each portfolio segment. Formula allowances are based on internal risk ratings or credit ratings from external sources. Individual loans within the commercial and industrial, commercial real estate and real estate construction loan portfolio segments are assigned internal risk ratings to group them with other loans possessing similar risk characteristics. Changes in risk grades affect the amount of the formula allowance. Risk grades are determined by reviewing current collateral value, financial information, cashflow, payment history and other relevant facts surrounding the

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

particular credit. On these loans, the formula allowances are based on the risk ratings, the historical loss experience, and the loss emergence period. Historical loss data and loss emergence periods are developed based on the Company’s historical experience. For larger loans with available external credit ratings, these ratings are utilized rather than the Company’s risk ratings. The historical loss factor and loss emergence periods for these loans are based on data published by the rating agencies for similar credits as the Company has limited internal historical data. For the residential real estate and consumer loan portfolios, the formula allowances are calculated by applying historical loss experience and the loss emergence period to the outstanding balance in each loan category. Loss factors and loss emergence periods are based on the Company’s historical net loss experience.

Additional allowances are added to portfolio segments based on qualitative factors. Management considers potential factors identified in regulatory guidance. Management has identified certain qualitative factors, which could impact the degree of loss sustained within the portfolio. These include market risk factors and unique portfolio risk factors that are inherent characteristics of the Company’s loan portfolio. Market risk factors may consist of changes to general economic and business conditions, such as unemployment and GDP that may impact the Company’s loan portfolio customer base in terms of ability to repay and that may result in changes in value of underlying collateral. Unique portfolio risk factors may include the outlooks for business segments in which the Company’s borrowers operate and loan size. The potential ranges for qualitative factors are based on historical volatility in losses. The actual amount utilized is based on management’s assessment of current conditions.

After considering the above components, an unallocated component may be generated to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. These uncertainties include the effects of loans in new geographical areas and new industries. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating allocated and general reserves in the portfolio.

BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT

Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Land is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the terms of leases, if shorter. It is general practice to charge the cost of maintenance and repairs to operations when incurred; major expenditures for improvements are capitalized and depreciated.

GOODWILL AND IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill is not subject to amortization. Identifiable intangible assets consist of core deposit intangibles and are assets resulting from acquisitions that are being amortized over their estimated useful lives. Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate there may be impairment. Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the segment (or “reporting unit”) level. Currently, the Company’s goodwill is evaluated at the entity level as there is only one reporting unit. Goodwill is assigned to reporting units at the date the goodwill is initially recorded. Once goodwill has been assigned to reporting units, it no longer retains its association with a particular acquisition, and all of the activities within a reporting unit, whether acquired or organically grown, are available to support the value of the goodwill.

Goodwill impairment is evaluated by first assessing qualitative factors (events and circumstances) to determine whether it is more likely than not (meaning a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after considering all relevant events and circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing thetwo-step impairment test will be unnecessary.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The first step, in thetwo-step impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, involves comparing each reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, applicable goodwill is considered not to be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds fair value, there is an indication of impairment and the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment.

SERVICING

The Company services mortgage loans for others. Mortgage servicing assets are recognized as separate assets when rights are acquired through purchase or through sale of financial assets. Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses. Capitalized servicing rights are reported in other assets and are amortized into loan servicing fee income in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying financial assets. Servicing assets are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to amortized cost. Impairment is determined by stratifying rights by predominant risk characteristics, such as interest rates and terms. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance for an individual stratum, to the extent that fair value is less than the capitalized amount for the stratum. Changes in the valuation allowance are reported in loan servicing fee income.

STOCK OPTION ACCOUNTING

The Company follows the fair value recognition provisions of FASB ASC 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation for all share-based payments. The Company’s method of valuation for share-based awards granted utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company will recognize compensation expense for its awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award (straight-line attribution method),

ensuring that the amount of compensation cost recognized at any date at least equals the portion of the grant-date fair value of the award that is vested at that time.

During 2000 and 2004, common stockholders of the Company approved stock option plans (the “Option Plans”) that provide for granting of options to purchase up to 150,000 shares of Class A common stock per plan. Under the Option Plans, all officers and key employees of the Company are eligible to receive nonqualified or incentive stock options to purchase shares of Class A common stock. The Option Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, whose members are ineligible to participate in the Option Plans. Based on management’s recommendations, the Committee submits its recommendations to the Board of Directors as to persons to whom options are to be granted, the number of shares granted to each, the option price (which may not be less than 85% of the fair market value for nonqualified stock options, or the fair market value for incentive stock options, of the shares on the date of grant) and the time period over which the options are exercisable (not more than ten years from the date of grant). There were no options to purchase shares of Class A common stock outstanding at December 31, 2019.

The Company uses the fair value method to account for stock options. There were no options granted during 2019 and 2018.

INCOME TAXES

The Company uses the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under this method, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with FASB ASC 740.

The Company classifies interest resulting from underpayment of income taxes as income tax expense in the first period the interest would begin accruing according to the provisions of the relevant tax law.

The Company classifies penalties resulting from underpayment of income taxes as income tax expense in the period for which the Company claims or expects to claim an uncertain tax position or in the period in which the Company’s judgment changes regarding an uncertain tax position.

For tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the corporate alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) has been repealed. For 2018 through 2021, the AMT credit carryforward can offset regular tax liability and is refundable in an amount equal to 50% (100% for 2021) of the excess of the minimum tax credit for the tax year over the amount of the credit allowable for the year against regular tax liability. Accordingly, the full amount of the AMT credit carryforward will be recovered in tax years beginning before 2022. As a result of the change, the Company has classified its AMT credit carryforward as currently receivable.

EARNINGS PER SHARE (“EPS”)

Class A and Class B shares participate equally in undistributed earnings. Under the Company’s Articles of Organization, the holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends per share equal to at least 200% of dividends paid, if any, from time to time, on each share of Class B Common Stock.

Diluted EPS includes the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents; basic EPS excludes all common stock equivalents. The only common stock equivalents for the Company are stock options.

The company utilizes the two class method for reporting EPS. Thetwo-class method is an earnings allocation formula that treats Class A and Class B shares as having rights to earnings that otherwise would have been available only to Class A shareholders and Class B shareholders as if converted to Class A shares.

TREASURY STOCK

Effective July 1, 2004, companies incorporated in Massachusetts became subject to Chapter 156D of the Massachusetts Business Corporation Act, provisions of which eliminate the concept of treasury stock and provide that shares reacquired by a company are to be treated as authorized but unissued shares.

PENSION

The Company provides pension benefits to its employees under a noncontributory, defined benefit plan, which is funded on a current basis in compliance with the requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and recognizes costs over the estimated employee service period.

The Company also has a Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Plan (“the Supplemental Plan”), which is limited to certain officers and employees of the Company. The Supplemental Plan is accrued on a current basis and recognizes costs over the estimated employee service period.

Executive officers of the Company or its subsidiaries who have at least one year of service may participate in the Supplemental Plan. The Supplemental Plan is voluntary. Individual life insurance policies, which are owned by the Company, are purchased covering the life of each participant.

Prior to December 31, 2018, the Company utilized a full yield curve approach in the estimation of the service and interest components by applying the specific spot rates along the yield curve used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the underlying projected cash flows.

Effective December 31, 2018, the discount rate is determined by preparing an analysis of the respective plan’s expected future cash flows and high-qualityfixed-income investments currently available and expected to be available during the period to maturity of the benefits.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

LEASING

Aright-of-use (ROU) asset and corresponding lease liability is recognized at the lease commencement date when the Company is a lessee. ROU lease assets are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. A ROU asset reflects the present value of the future minimum lease payments adjusted for any initial direct costs, incentives, or other payments prior to the lease commencement date. A lease liability represents a legal obligation to make lease payments and is determined by the present value of the future minimum lease payments discounted using the rate implicit in the lease, or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Variable lease payments that are dependent on an index, or rate, are initially measured using the index or rate at the commencement date and are included in the measurement of the lease liability. Renewal options are not included as part of the ROU asset or lease liability unless the option is deemed reasonably certain to exercise.

For real estate leases, lease components andnon-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component. Operating lease expense is comprised of operating lease costs and variable lease costs, net of sublease income, and is reflected as part of occupancy withinnon-interest expense in the consolidated statement of income. Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis. Refer to Note 23: Leasing for further information.

RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic310-20) Premium Amortization of Purchased Callable Debt. The FASB is issuing this ASU to amend the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The FASB is shortening the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date. Under current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years,

beginning after December 15, 2018. The effect of this update did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU2016-02, Leases. This ASU required lessees to put most leases on their balance sheet but recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to today’s accounting. This ASU also eliminated today’s real estate-specific provisions for all companies. For lessors, this ASU modified the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods therein. The Company also reviewed contracts to determine if they contain embedded leases. The Company’s balance sheet impact was $15.1 million as of January 1, 2019. This amount was recorded as a right of use asset, included in other assets, with a corresponding lease liability, included in other liabilities.

In July 2018, ASU2018-10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases” (“ASU2018-10”) was issued to provide more detailed guidance and additional clarification for implementing ASU2016-02. Also in July 2018,ASU 2018-11, “Targeted Improvements” (“ASU2018-11”) was issued and allows for an optional transition method in which the provisions of Topic 842 would be applied upon the adoption date and would not have to be retroactively applied to the earliest reporting period presented in the consolidated financial statements.” The Company used this optional transition method for the adoption of Topic 842.

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Ruling:

In August 2018, the SEC issued a final rule that amends certain of the Commission’s disclosure requirements “that have become redundant, duplicative, overlapping, outdated, or superseded, in light of other Commission disclosure requirements, U.S. GAAP, or changes in the information environment.” The financial reporting implications of the final rule’s amendments may vary by company, but the changes are generally expected to reduce or eliminate some of an SEC registrant’s disclosure requirements. In limited circumstances, however, the

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

amendments may expand those requirements, including those related to interim disclosures about changes in stockholders’ equity. Under the requirements, registrants must now analyze changes in stockholders’ equity, in the form of a reconciliation, for “the current and comparativeyear-to-date periods, with subtotals for each interim period.” Beginning with its March 31, 2019 filing, the Company included a reconciliation for the current quarter andyear-to-date interim periods as well as the comparative periods of the prior years (i.e., a

reconciliation covering each period for which an income statement is presented).

2.	Cash and Due from Banks

The Company is required to maintain a portion of its cash and due from banks as a reserve balance under the Federal Reserve Act. Such reserve is calculated based upon deposit levels and amounted to $0 at December 31, 2019, and $0 at December 31, 2018.

3.	SecuritiesAvailable-for-Sale


	December 31, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,000	$	—	$	8	$	1,992
U. S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		—		—		—		—		3,946		—		31		3,915
SBA Backed Securities		54,331		23		143		54,211		70,477		1		284		70,194
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities		184,580		139		532		184,187		162,604		536		250		162,890
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		397		1		2		396		679		3		10		672
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		18,016		60		—		18,076		93,445		58		—		93,503
Other Debt Securities		3,600		51		19		3,632		3,600		37		44		3,593

Total	$	260,924	$	274	$	696	$	260,502	$	336,751	$	635	$	627	$	336,759

Included in SBA Backed Securities and U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities are securities at fair value pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements amounting to $186,245,000 and $197,304,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Also included in securitiesavailable-for-sale at fair value are securities pledged for borrowing at the Federal Home Loan Bank amounting to $32,297,000 and $34,787,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company realized gains on sales of securities of $13,000, $302,000 and $47,000 from the proceeds of sales ofavailable-for-sale securities of $16,285,000, $27,517,000 and $18,180,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.

Debt securities of U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities primarily refer to debt securities of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table shows the estimated maturity distribution of the Company’s securitiesavailable-for-sale at December 31, 2019.


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Within one year	$	18,417	$	18,476
After one but within five years		113,192		112,935
After five but within ten years		124,489		124,274
More than ten years		4,826		4,817

Total	$	260,924	$	260,502

The weighted average remaining life of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale at December 31, 2019, was 5.4 years. The contractual maturities, which were used in the table above, of mortgage-backed securities, will differ from the actual maturities due to the ability of the issuers to prepay underlying obligations. Also, $244,688,000 of the securities are floating rate or adjustable rate and reprice prior to maturity.

As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, management concluded that the unrealized losses of its investment securities are temporary in nature since they are not related to the underlying credit quality of the issuers, and the Company does not intend to sell these debt securities and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell these debt securities before the anticipated recovery of its remaining amortized cost. In making its other-than-temporary impairment evaluation, the Company considered the fact that the principal and interest on these securities are from issuers that are investment grade. The change in the unrealized losses on the Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions, Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities and Other Debt Securities was primarily caused by changes in credit spreads and liquidity issues in the marketplace.

The unrealized loss on SBA Backed Securities and U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities related primarily to interest rates and not credit quality. The Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until recovery of fair value, which may be maturity. The Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

In evaluating the underlying credit quality of a security, management considers several factors such as the credit rating of the obligor and the issuer, if applicable. Internal reviews of issuer financial statements are performed as deemed necessary. In the case of privately issued mortgage-backed securities, the performance of the underlying loans is analyzed as deemed necessary to determine the estimated future cash flows of the securities. Factors considered include the level of subordination, current and estimated future default rates, current and estimated prepayment rates, estimated loss severity rates, geographic concentrations and origination dates of underlying loans.

The following table shows the temporarily impaired securities of the Company’savailable-for-sale portfolio at December 31, 2019. This table shows the unrealized market loss of securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or less and a continuous loss position for 12 months and longer. There are

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

45 and 18 securities that are temporarily impaired for less than 12 months and for 12 months or longer, respectively, out of a total of 122 holdings at December 31, 2019.


Temporarily Impaired Investments	December 31, 2019
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		—		—		—		—		—		—
SBA Backed Securities		14,560		30		22,092		113		36,652		143
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities		108,806		379		29,178		153		137,984		532
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		252		2		—		—		252		2
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Debt Securities		800		1		481		18		1,281		19

Total temporarily impaired securities	$	124,418	$	412	$	51,751	$	284	$	176,169	$	696

The following table shows the temporarily impaired securities of the Company’savailable-for-sale portfolio at December 31, 2018. This table shows the unrealized market loss of securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or less and a continuous loss position for 12 months and longer. There are 10 and 30 securities that are temporarily impaired for less than 12 months and for 12 months or longer, respectively, out of a total of 190 holdings at December 31, 2018.


Temporarily Impaired Investments	December 31, 2018
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	$	1,992	$	8	$	1,992	$	8
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		3,914		31		—		—		3,914		31
SBA Backed Securities		17,950		28		44,323		256		62,273		284
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities		19,244		21		45,782		229		65,026		250
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		—		—		495		10		495		10
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other Debt Securities		—		—		455		44		455		44

Total temporarily impaired securities	$	41,108	$	80	$	93,047	$	547	$	134,155	$	627

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

4.	Investment SecuritiesHeld-to-Maturity


	December 31, 2019								December 31, 2018
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	9,960	$	—	$	2	$	9,958
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		98,867		527		96		99,298		234,228		336		803		233,761
SBA Backed Securities		44,379		182		303		44,258		52,051		—		2,065		49,986
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities		2,207,874		20,720		10,846		2,217,748		1,750,408		2,324		55,016		1,697,716

Total	$	2,351,120	$	21,429	$	11,245	$	2,361,304	$	2,046,647	$	2,660	$	57,886	$	1,991,421

Included in U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises and U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities are securities pledged to secure public deposits and repurchase agreements at fair value amounting to $1,776,399,000 and $1,441,059,000 at December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively. Also included are securities pledged for borrowing at the Federal Home Loan Bank at fair value amounting to $399,646,000 and $291,190,000 at December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively. The Company realized gains on sales of securities of $48,000 from the proceeds of sales ofheld-to-maturity securities of $1,193,000. The sales from securitiesheld-to-maturity relate to certain mortgage-backed securities for which the Company had previously collected a substantial portion of its principal investment. The Company did not realize any gains of sales of securities for the year ending December 31, 2018 and 2017.

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, all mortgage-backed securities are obligations of U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises. Government Sponsored Enterprises primarily refer to debt securities of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

The following table shows the maturity distribution of the Company’s securitiesheld-to-maturity at December 31, 2019.


	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Within one year	$	73,576	$	73,841
After one but within five years		1,891,043		1,900,050
After five but within ten years		374,071		374,688
More than ten years		12,430		12,725

Total	$	2,351,120	$	2,361,304

The weighted average remaining life of investment securitiesheld-to-maturity at December 31, 2019, was 3.7 years. Included in the weighted average remaining life calculation at December 31, 2019, were $33,491,000 of U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises obligations that are callable at the discretion of the issuer. The

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

contractual maturities, which were used in the table above, of mortgage-backed securities, will differ from the actual maturities due to the ability of the issuers to prepay underlying obligations. Also, $107,000 of the securities are floating rate or adjustable rate and reprice prior to maturity.

The unrealized loss on U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises, SBA Backed Securities and U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities related primarily to interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell any of these securities and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The following table shows the temporarily impaired securities of the Company’sheld-to-maturity portfolio at December 31, 2019. This table shows the unrealized market loss of securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or less and a continuous loss position for 12 months and longer. There are 114 and 103 securities that are temporarily impaired for less than 12 months and for 12 months or longer, respectively, out of a total of 531 holdings at December 31, 2019.

Temporarily Impaired Investments

December 31, 2019

Less Than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Fair Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Unrealized
Losses

(dollars in thousands)

U.S. Treasury

—

U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises

24,420

9,976

34,396

SBA Backed Securities

25,251

303

—

25,251

303

U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities

613,905

3,949

389,919

6,897

1,003,824

10,846

Total temporarily impaired securities

663,576

4,324

399,895

6,921

1,063,471

11,245

The following table shows the temporarily impaired securities of the Company’sheld-to-maturity portfolio at December 31, 2018.This table shows the unrealized market loss of securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or less and a continuous loss position for 12 months and longer. There are

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

56 and 315 securities that are temporarily impaired for less than 12 months and for 12 months or longer, respectively, out of a total of 475 holdings at December 31, 2018.


Temporarily Impaired Investments	December 31, 2018
	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
(dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasury	$	9,958	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	9,958	$	2
U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises		9,849		42		69,499		761		79,348		803
SBA Backed Securities		—		—		49,987		2,065		49,987		2,065
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprise Mortgage-Backed Securities		188,125		2,032		1,249,689		52,984		1,437,814		55,016

Total temporarily impaired securities	$	207,932	$	2,076	$	1,369,175	$	55,810	$	1,577,107	$	57,886

Loans

The majority of the Bank’s lending activities are conducted in Massachusetts with other lending activity principally in New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New York. The Bank originates construction, commercial and residential real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, municipal loans, consumer, home equity and other loans for its portfolio.

The following summary shows the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated.


December 31,	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
Construction and land development	$	8,992	$	13,628
Commercial and industrial		812,417		761,625
Municipal		120,455		97,290
Commercial real estate		786,102		750,362
Residential real estate		371,897		348,250
Consumer		21,071		21,359
Home equity		304,363		292,340
Overdrafts		822		724

Total	$	2,426,119	$	2,285,578

At December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, loans were carried net of (premiums) discounts of $(292,000) and $(364,000), respectively. Net deferred fees included in loans at December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, were $220,000 and $496,000, respectively.

The Company was servicing mortgage loans sold to others without recourse of approximately $204,690,000 and $209,160,000 at December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company had no residential real estate loans held for sale at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Company’s mortgage servicing rights totaled $1,202,000 and $1,226,000 at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

As of December 31, 2019, and 2018, the Company’s recorded investment in impaired loans was $3,252,000 and $3,051,000, respectively. If an impaired loan is placed on nonaccrual, the loan may be returned to an accrual status when principal and interest payments are not delinquent, and the risk characteristics have improved to the

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

extent that there no longer exists a concern as to the collectibility of principal and interest. At December 31, 2019, there were $2,322,000 of impaired loans with specific reserves of $102,000. At December 31, 2018, there were $2,774,000 of impaired loans with specific reserves of $145,000.

Loans are designated as troubled debt restructures when a concession is made on a credit as a result of financial difficulties of the borrower. Typically, such concessions consist of a reduction in interest rate to a below-market rate, taking into account the credit quality of the note, or a deferment of payments, principal or interest, which materially alters the Bank’s position or significantly extends the note’s maturity date, such that the present value of cash flows to be received is materially less than those contractually established at the loan’s origination. Restructured loans are included in the impaired loan category.

The composition of nonaccrual loans and impaired loans is as follows:


December 31,	2019		2018		2017
(dollars in thousands)
Loans on nonaccrual	$	2,014	$	1,313	$	1,684
Loans 90 days past due and still accruing		—		—		—
Impaired loans on nonaccrual included above		—		296		254
Total recorded investment in impaired loans		3,252		3,051		7,114
Average recorded investment of impaired loans		3,161		5,491		5,608
Accruing troubled debt restructures		2,361		2,559		2,749
Interest income not recorded on nonaccrual loans according to their original terms		67		64		51
Interest income on nonaccrual loans actually recorded		—		—		—
Interest income recognized on impaired loans		103		196		182

The following table shows the aggregate amount of loans to directors and officers of the Company and their associates during 2019.


Balance at December 31, 2018	Additions		Repayments and Deletions		Balance at December 31, 2019
(dollars in thousands)
$ 12,547	$	706	$	1,222	$	12,031

6.	Allowance for Loan Losses

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

An analysis of the allowance for loan losses for each of the three years ending December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of year	$	28,543		$	26,255		$	24,406
Loanscharged-off		(454	)		(833	)		(390	)
Recoveries on loans previouslycharged-off		246			1,771			449

Net recoveries (charge-offs )		(208	)		938			59
Provision charged to expense		1,250			1,350			1,790

Allowance for loan losses, end of year	$	29,585		$	28,543		$	26,255

Further information pertaining to the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2019 follows:


	Construction and Land Development			Commercial and Industrial			Municipal		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate		Consumer			Home Equity			Unallocated			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Ending balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,092		$	10,998		$	1,838	$	10,663	$	2,190	$	365		$	1,111		$	286		$	28,543
Charge-offs		—			(137	)		—		—		—		(295	)		(22	)		—			(454	)
Recoveries		—			60			—		—		—		186			—			—			246
Provision		(761	)		675			728		801		4		56			(24	)		(229	)		1,250

Ending balance at December 31, 2019	$	331		$	11,596		$	2,566	$	11,464	$	2,194	$	312		$	1,065		$	57		$	29,585

Amount of allowance for loan losses for loans deemed to be impaired	$	—		$	15		$	—	$	87	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	102
Amount of allowance for loan losses for loans not deemed to be impaired	$	331		$	11,581		$	2,566	$	11,377	$	2,194	$	312		$	1,065		$	57		$	29,483
Loans:
Ending balance	$	8,992		$	812,417		$	120,455	$	786,102	$	371,897	$	21,893		$	304,363		$	—		$	2,426,119
Loans deemed to be impaired	$	—		$	906		$	—	$	2,346	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	3,252
Loans not deemed to be impaired	$	8,992		$	811,511		$	120,455	$	783,756	$	371,897	$	21,893		$	304,363		$	—		$	2,422,867

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Further information pertaining to the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2018 follows:


	Construction and Land Development			Commercial and Industrial			Municipal		Commercial Real Estate		Residential Real Estate			Consumer			Home Equity		Unallocated		Total
(dollars in thousands)
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	1,645		$	9,651		$	1,720	$	9,728	$	1,873		$	373		$	989	$	276	$	26,255
Charge-offs		—			(67	)		—		—		(450	)		(316	)		—		—		(833	)
Recoveries		1,436			57			—		—		75			203			—		—		1,771
Provision		(1,989	)		1,357			118		935		692			105			122		10		1,350

Ending balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,092		$	10,998		$	1,838	$	10,663	$	2,190		$	365		$	1,111	$	286	$	28,543

Amount of allowance for loan losses for loans deemed to be impaired	$	—		$	54		$	—	$	91	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	145
Amount of allowance for loan losses for loans not deemed to be impaired	$	1,092		$	10,944		$	1,838	$	10,572	$	2,190		$	365		$	1,111	$	286	$	28,398
Loans:
Ending balance	$	13,628		$	761,625		$	97,290	$	750,362	$	348,250		$	22,083		$	292,340	$	—	$	2,285,578
Loans deemed to be impaired	$	—		$	401		$	—	$	2,650	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	—	$	3,051
Loans not deemed to be impaired	$	13,628		$	761,224		$	97,290	$	747,712	$	348,250		$	22,083		$	292,340	$	—	$	2,282,527

CREDIT QUALITY INFORMATION

The Company utilizes asix-grade internal loan rating system for commercial real estate, construction and commercial loans as follows:

Loans rated1-3 (Pass)—Loans in this category are considered “pass” rated loans with low to average risk.

Loans rated 4 (Monitor)—These loans represent classified loans that management is closely monitoring for credit quality. These loans have had or may have minor credit quality deterioration as of December 31, 2019.

Loans rated 5 (Substandard)—Substandard loans represent classified loans that management is closely monitoring for credit quality. These loans have had more significant credit quality deterioration as of December 31, 2019.

Loans rated 6 (Doubtful)—Doubtful loans represent classified loans that management is closely monitoring for credit quality. These loans had more significant credit quality deterioration as of December 31, 2019 and are doubtful for full collection.

Impaired—Impaired loans represent classified loans that management is closely monitoring for credit quality. A loan is classified as impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table presents the Company’s loans by risk rating at December 31, 2019.

Construction
and Land
Development

Commercial
and
Industrial

Municipal

Commercial
Real Estate

(dollars in thousands)

Grade:

1-3 (Pass)

$ 8,992

807,486

120,455

$759,402

4 (Monitor)

—

4,025

—

24,354

5 (Substandard)

—

6 (Doubtful)

—

Impaired

—

906

—

2,346

Total

$ 8,992

812,417

120,455

$786,102

The Company has increased its exposure to larger loans to large institutions with publicly available credit ratings. These ratings are tracked as a credit quality indicator for these loans.

The following table presents the Company’s loans by credit rating at December 31, 2019.

Commercial
and
Industrial

Municipal

Commercial
Real Estate

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Credit Rating:

Aaa-Aa3

523,644

53,273

40,437

617,354

A1-A3

186,044

7,354

148,346

341,744

Baa1-Baa3

—

51,133

144,711

195,844

Ba1

—

5,895

—

5,895

Total

709,688

117,655

333,494

1,160,837

The following table presents the Company’s loans by risk rating at December 31, 2018.


	Construction and Land Development		Commercial and Industrial		Municipal		Commercial Real Estate
(dollars in thousands)
Grade:
1-3 (Pass)	$	13,628	$	757,089	$	97,290	$	723,170
4 (Monitor)		—		4,135		—		24,542
5 (Substandard)		—		—		—		—
6 (Doubtful)		—		—		—		—
Impaired		—		401		—		2,650

Total	$	13,628	$	761,625	$	97,290	$	750,362

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table presents the Company’s loans by credit rating at December 31, 2018.


	Commercial and Industrial		Municipal		Commercial Real Estate		Total
(dollars in thousands)
Credit Rating:
Aaa-Aa3	$	491,247	$	54,105	$	42,790	$	588,142
A1-A3		172,472		7,605		151,381		331,458
Baa1-Baa3		—		26,970		118,197		145,167
Ba1		—		6,810		—		6,810

Total	$	663,719	$	95,490	$	312,368	$	1,071,577

The Company utilized payment performance as credit quality indicators for residential real estate, consumer and overdrafts, and the home equity portfolio. The indicators are depicted in the table “aging ofpast-due loans,” below.

AGING OFPAST-DUE LOANS

At December 31, 2019 the aging of past due loans are as follows:

Accruing
30-89 Days
Past Due

Non
Accrual

Accruing
Greater
Than
90 Days

Total
Past
Due

Current
Loans

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Construction and land development

—

8,992

Commercial and industrial

227

400

—

627

811,790

812,417

Municipal

—

120,455

Commercial real estate

840

492

—

1,332

784,770

786,102

Residential real estate

1,563

683

—

2,246

369,651

371,897

Consumer and overdrafts

—

21,871

21,893

Home equity

603

435

—

1,038

303,325

304,363

Total

3,251

2,014

—

5,265

2,420,854

2,426,119

At December 31, 2018 the aging of past due loans are as follows:


	Accruing 30-89 Days Past Due		Non Accrual		Accruing Greater Than 90 Days		Total Past Due		Current Loans		Total
(dollars in thousands)
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	13,628	$	13,628
Commercial and industrial		187		115		—		302		761,323		761,625
Municipal		—		—		—		—		97,290		97,290
Commercial real estate		774		190		—		964		749,398		750,362
Residential real estate		2,554		569		—		3,123		345,127		348,250
Consumer and overdrafts		24		14		—		38		22,045		22,083
Home equity		1,108		425		—		1,533		290,807		292,340

Total	$	4,647	$	1,313	$	—	$	5,960	$	2,279,618	$	2,285,578

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

IMPAIRED LOANS

A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is impaired, the Company measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except that as a practical expedient, the Company measures impairment based on a loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Loans arecharged-off when management believes that the collectibility of the loan’s principal is not probable. The specific factors that management considers in making the determination that the collectibility of the loan’s principal is not probable include; the delinquency status of the loan, the fair value of the collateral, if secured, and the financial strength of the borrower and/or guarantors. For collateral dependent loans, the amount of the recorded investment in a loan that exceeds the fair value of the collateral ischarged-off against the allowance for loan losses in lieu of an allocation of a specific allowance amount when such an amount has been identified definitively as uncollectible. The Company’s policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans is contained within Note 1 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.”

The following is information pertaining to impaired loans at December 31, 2019:


	Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance Principal		Required Reserve		Average Carrying Value Recognized		Interest Income
(dollars in thousands)
With no required reserve recorded:
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		770		976		—		138		6
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		160		189		—		445		—
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	930	$	1,165	$	—	$	583	$	6

With required reserve recorded:
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		136		137		15		264		7
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		2,186		2,306		87		2,314		90
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	2,322	$	2,443	$	102	$	2,578	$	97

Total
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		906		1,113		15		402		13
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		2,346		2,495		87		2,759		90
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	3,252	$	3,608	$	102	$	3,161	$	103

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following is information pertaining to impaired loans at December 31, 2018:


	Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance Principal		Required Reserve		Average Carrying Value Recognized		Interest Income
(dollars in thousands)
With no required reserve recorded:
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		87		291		—		46		5
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		189		212		—		249		—
Residential real estate		—		—		—		—		—
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	276	$	503	$	—	$	295	$	5

With required reserve recorded:
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		314		315		54		462		13
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		2,461		2,575		91		2,322		97
Residential real estate		—		—		—		2,412		81
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	2,775	$	2,890	$	145	$	5,196	$	191

Total
Construction and land development	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial and industrial		401		606		54		508		18
Municipal		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate		2,650		2,787		91		2,571		97
Residential real estate		—		—		—		2,412		81
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	3,051	$	3,393	$	145	$	5,491	$	196

Troubled Debt Restructurings are identified as a modification in which a concession was granted to a customer who was having financial difficulties. This concession may be below market rate, longer amortization/term, or a lower payment amount. The present value calculation of the modification did not result in an increase in the allowance for these loans beyond any previously established allocations.

There was one commercial and industrial loan that was modified during the first quarter of 2019. The loan was modified by reducing the interest rates as well as extending the term on the loan. Thepre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investment was $39,000. The financial impact for the modification was not material. This loan was subsequently charged off during the third quarter of 2019. Also, there were no commitments to lend additional funds to troubled debt restructuring borrowers.

There was one residential real estate loan and one consumer loan that were modified during the first quarter of 2018. The loans were modified by reducing the interest rates as well as extending the terms on both loans. Thepre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investment was $2,675,000 for the residential real

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

estate loan that was not accruing interest. Thepre-modification and post-modification outstanding recorded investment was $17,000 for the consumer loan that was accruing interest. The financial impact for the modifications was not material. Both troubled debt restructurings subsequently defaulted during 2018. The residential real estate loan was partially charged off for $450,000 and was recorded as other real estate owned for $2,225,000 during the fourth quarter of 2018. This property was subsequently sold during the third quarter of 2019. Other real estate owned is included in other assets on the balance sheet. The consumer loan was fully charged off during the fourth quarter of 2018.

7.	Bank Premises and Equipment


December 31,	2019			2018			Estimated Useful Life
(dollars in thousands)
Land	$	7,246		$	3,850		—
Bank premises		28,175			21,659		30-39 years
Furniture and equipment		33,259			30,088		3-10 years
Leasehold improvements		12,674			12,674		30-39 years or lease term

		81,354			68,271
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(47,402	)		(44,350	)

Total	$	33,952		$	23,921

Depreciation and amortization amounted to $3,235,000, $3,206,000, and $3,135,000 at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

8.	Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company concluded that it is not more likely than not that fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, and goodwill is not considered to be impaired.

The changes in goodwill and identifiable intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 are shown in the table below.


Carrying Amount of Goodwill and Intangibles	Goodwill		Mortgage Servicing Rights			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	2,714	$	1,525		$	4,239
Additions		—		—			—
Amortization Expense		—		(299	)		(299	)

Balance at December 31, 2018	$	2,714	$	1,226		$	3,940
Additions		—		237			237
Amortization Expense		—		(261	)		(261	)

Balance at December 31, 2019	$	2,714	$	1,202		$	3,916

9.	Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows FASB ASC820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about assets and liabilities carried at fair value. ASC820-10 establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The three broad levels of the hierarchy are as follows:

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Level I—Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date. The type of financial instruments included in Level I are highly liquid cash instruments with quoted prices such asG-7 government, agency securities, listed equities and money market securities, as well as listed

derivative instruments.

Level II—Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these financial instruments include cash instruments for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently, derivative instruments whose fair value have been derived using a model where inputs to the model are directly observable in the market, or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data, and instruments that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed. Instruments which are generally included in this category are corporate bonds and loans, mortgage whole loans, municipal bonds and OTC derivatives.

Level III—These instruments have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not havetwo-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Instruments that are included in this category generally include certain commercial mortgage loans, certain private equity investments, distressed debt,non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations, as well as certain highly structured OTC derivative contracts.

The results of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2019, are as follows:

Fair Value Measurements Using

Carrying
Value

Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant Other
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

(dollars in thousands)

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Securities AFS

U.S. Treasury

—

U.S. Government Agency Sponsored Enterprises

—

SBA Backed Securities

54,211

—

54,211

—

U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities

184,187

—

184,187

—

Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities

396

—

396

—

Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions

18,076

—

4,775

13,301

Other Debt Securities

3,632

—

3,632

—

Total

260,502

—

247,201

13,301

Equity Securities

1,688

343

1,345

—

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on aNon-recurring Basis

Impaired Loans

877

—

877

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Impaired loan balances in the table above represent those collateral dependent loans where management has estimated the credit loss by comparing the loan’s carrying value against the expected realizable fair value of the collateral. Fair value is generally determined through a review process that includes independent appraisals, discounted cash flows, or other external assessments of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable. The Company discounts the fair values, as appropriate, based on management’s observations of the local real estate market for loans in this category. Appraisals, discounted cash flows and real estate tax assessments are reviewed quarterly. There is no specific policy regarding how frequently appraisals will be updated. Adjustments are made to appraisals and real estate tax assessments based on management’s estimate of changes in real estate values. Within the past twelve months there have been no updated appraisals, however, all impaired loans have been reviewed during the past quarter using either a discounted cash flow analysis or other type of real estate tax assessment. The types of adjustments that are made to specific provisions relate to impaired loans recognized for 2019 for the estimated credit loss amounted to $79,000.

There were no transfers between level 1, 2 and 3 for the year ended December 31, 2019. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2019.

The following table presents additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value (dollars in thousands) at December 31, 2019. Management continues to monitor the assumptions used to value the assets listed below.


Asset	Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Unobservable Input Value or Range
Securities AFS⁽¹⁾	$ 13,301	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	1.5%-3.2%⁽²⁾
Impaired Loans	877	Appraisal of collateral⁽³⁾	Appraisal adjustments⁽⁴⁾	0%-30% discount

⁽¹⁾	Municipal securities generally have maturities of one year or less and, therefore, the amortized cost equates to the fair value.

⁽²⁾	Weighted averages.

⁽³⁾	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

⁽⁴⁾	Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated expenses.

The changes in Level 3 securities for the year ended December 31, 2019 are as shown in the table below:


	Auction Rate Securities		Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	—	$	88,728		$	88,728
Purchases		—		21,408			21,408
Maturities/redemptions		—		(96,812	)		(96,812	)
Transfer to Level 2		—		—			—
Amortization		—		(23	)		(23	)
Change in fair value		—		—			—

Balance at December 31, 2019	$	—	$	13,301		$	13,301

The amortized cost of Level 3 securities was $13,301,000 with an unrealized loss of $0 at December 31, 2019. The securities in this category are generally municipal securities with no readily determinable fair value or failed

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

auction rate securities. Management evaluated the fair value of these securities based on an evaluation of the underlying issuer, prevailing rates and market liquidity.

The results of the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2018, are as follows:


	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(dollars in thousands)
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Securities AFS
U.S. Treasury	$	1,992	$	—	$	1,992	$	—
U.S. Government Agency Sponsored Enterprises		3,915		—		3,915		—
SBA Backed Securities		70,194		—		70,194		—
U.S. Government Agency and Sponsored Enterprises Mortgage-Backed Securities		162,890		—		162,890		—
Privately Issued Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities		672		—		672		—
Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions		93,503		—		4,775		88,728
Other Debt Securities		3,593		—		3,593		—

Total	$	336,759	$	—	$	248,031	$	88,728

Equity Securities	$	1,596	$	293	$	1,303	$	—
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on aNon-recurring Basis
Impaired Loans	$	251	$	—	$	—	$	251
Other Real Estate Owned	$	2,225	$	—	$	—	$	2,225

Appraisals, discounted cash flows and real estate tax assessments are reviewed quarterly. There is no specific policy regarding how frequently appraisals will be updated. Adjustments are made to appraisals and real estate tax assessments based on management’s estimate of changes in real estate values. Within the past twelve months there have been no updated appraisals, however, all impaired loans have been reviewed during the past quarter using either a discounted cash flow analysis or other type of real estate tax assessment. The types of adjustments that are made to specific provisions relate to impaired loans recognized for 2018 for the estimated credit loss amounted to $540,000.

There was a transfer of an auction rate security during 2018 from level 3 to level 2. Quoted prices on the auction rate security became available but traded infrequently. There were no other transfers between level 1, 2 and 3 for the year ended December 31, 2018. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table presents additional information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value (dollars in thousands) at December 31, 2018. Management continues to monitor the assumptions used to value the assets listed below.


Asset	Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Unobservable Input Value or Range
Securities AFS⁽¹⁾	$	88,728	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate	2.1%-4.1%⁽²⁾
Other Real Estate Owned		2,225	Appraisal of collateral⁽³⁾	Appraisal adjustments ⁽⁴⁾	30% discount
Impaired Loans		251	Appraisal of collateral⁽³⁾	Appraisal adjustments⁽⁴⁾	0%-30% discount

⁽¹⁾	Municipal securities generally have maturities of one year or less and, therefore, the amortized cost equates to the fair value.

⁽²⁾	Weighted averages.

⁽³⁾	Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various Level 3 inputs which are not identifiable.

⁽⁴⁾	Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated expenses.

The changes in Level 3 securities for the year ended December 31, 2018 are as shown in the table below:


	Auction Rate Securities			Obligations Issued by States and Political Subdivisions			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	4,459		$	78,141		$	82,600
Purchases		—			132,470			132,470
Maturities/redemptions		—			(121,753	)		(121,753	)
Transfer to Level 2		(4,459	)		—			(4,459	)
Amortization		—			(130	)		(130	)
Change in fair value		—			—			—

Balance at December 31, 2018	$	—		$	88,728		$	88,728

The amortized cost of Level 3 securities was $88,728,000 with an unrealized loss of $0 at December 31, 2018. The securities in this category are generally municipal securities with no readily determinable fair value or failed auction rate securities. Management evaluated the fair value of these securities based on an evaluation of the underlying issuer, prevailing rates and market liquidity.

10.

Deposits

The following is a summary of remaining maturities orre-pricing of time deposits as of December 31,


	2019		Percent			2018		Percent
(dollars in thousands)
Within one year	$	383,497		69	%	$	413,297		74	%
Over one year to two years		123,016		22	%		88,815		16	%
Over two years to three years		27,223		5	%		39,924		7	%
Over three years to five years		21,711		4	%		18,543		3	%

Total	$	555,447		100	%	$	560,579		100	%

Time deposits of more than $250,000 totaled $342,809,000 and $293,046,000 in 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Deposits totaling $34,964,000 and $36,794,000 were attributable to related parties at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

11.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

The following is a summary of securities sold under agreements to repurchase as of December 31,


	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Amount outstanding at December 31	$	266,045		$	154,240		$	158,990
Weighted average rate at December 31		0.96	%		0.82	%		0.32	%
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end	$	307,235		$	174,150		$	228,848
Daily average balance outstanding during the year	$	224,361		$	147,944		$	189,684
Weighted average rate during the year		1.05	%		0.66	%		0.26	%

Amounts outstanding at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 carried maturity dates of the next business day. U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprise securities with a total amortized cost of $264,737,000, $160,576,000, and $162,927,000 were pledged as collateral and held by custodians to secure the agreements at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The approximate fair value of the collateral at those dates was $265,687,000, $156,369,000, and $159,051,000, respectively.

12.

Other Borrowed Funds and Subordinated Debentures

The following is a summary of other borrowed funds and subordinated debentures as of December 31,


	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Amount outstanding at December 31	$	407,038		$	238,461		$	383,861
Weighted average rate at December 31		2.37	%		2.76	%		2.26	%
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end	$	487,502		$	542,913		$	491,583
Daily average balance outstanding during the year	$	231,926		$	291,674		$	309,102
Weighted average rate during the year		2.95	%		2.61	%		2.42	%

FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK BORROWINGS

Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLBB”) borrowings are collateralized by a blanket pledge agreement on the Bank’s FHLBB stock, certain qualified investment securities, deposits at the FHLBB and residential mortgages held in the Bank’s portfolios. The Bank’s remaining term borrowing capacity at the FHLBB at December 31, 2019, was approximately $245,138,000. In addition, the Bank has a $14,500,000 line of credit with the FHLBB. A schedule of the maturity distribution of FHLBB advances with the weighted average interest rates is as follows:


December 31,	2019					2018					2017
	Amount		Weighted Average Rate			Amount		Weighted Average Rate			Amount		Weighted Average Rate
(dollars in thousands)
Within one year	$	218,000		1.86	%	$	63,000		2.17	%	$	164,500		1.82	%
Over one year to two years	$	42,500		2.58	%	$	28,000		2.29	%	$	63,000		2.17	%
Over two years to three years	$	3,500		2.15	%	$	25,000		3.34	%	$	28,000		2.29	%
Over three years to five years	$	70,000		2.85	%	$	33,500		2.23	%	$	28,500		3.19	%
Over five years	$	36,955		2.88	%	$	52,878		2.47	%	$	63,778		2.38	%

Total	$	370,955		2.23	%	$	202,378		2.42	%	$	347,778		2.13	%

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Included in the table above are $40,000,000, $40,000,000, and $20,000,000, respectively, of FHLBB advances at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, that are puttable at the discretion of FHLBB. These put dates were not utilized in the table above.

During 2019, the Company restructured $15,000,000 of FHLBB advances. Prior to the restructure, the weighted average rate on these advances was 3.33% and the weighted average maturity was 14 months. Subsequent to the restructure, the weighted average rate was 2.37% and the weighted average maturity was 60 months.

SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

Subordinated debentures totaled $36,083,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

In December 2004, the Company consummated the sale of a trust preferred securities offering, in which it issued $36,083,000 of subordinated debt securities due 2034 to its newly formed unconsolidated subsidiary Century Bancorp Capital Trust II.

OTHER BORROWED FUNDS

There were no overnight federal funds purchased at December 31, 2019 and 2018.

13.

Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income^(a)


	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Details About Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Components	Year Ended December 31, 2019^(a)			Year Ended December 31, 2018^(a)			Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
Unrealized gains and losses onavailable-for-sale securities	$	61		$	302		Net gains on sales of investments
		(17	)		(85	)	Provision for income taxes

	$	44		$	217		Net income

Accretion of unrealized losses transferred	$	(1,022	)	$	(1,477	)	Securitiesheld-to-maturity
		269			391		Provision for income taxes

	$	(753	)	$	(1,086	)	Net income

Amortization of defined benefit pension items
Prior-service costs	$	(114	)	$	(14	)	Salaries and employee benefits^(b)
Actuarial gains (losses)		(1,351	)		(1,610	)	Salaries and employee benefits^(b)

Total before tax		(1,465	)		(1,624	)	Income before taxes
Tax (expense) or benefit		412			457		Provision for income taxes

Net of tax	$	(1,053	)	$	(1,167	)	Net income

^(a)	Amounts in parentheses indicate decreases to profit/loss.

^(b)	These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see employee benefits footnote (Note 17) for additional details).

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

14.

Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

Diluted EPS includes the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents; basic EPS excludes all common stock equivalents. There were no common stock equivalents for 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table is a reconciliation of basic EPS and diluted EPS:


Year Ended December 31,	2019		2018		2017
(in thousands except share and per share data)
BASIC EPS COMPUTATION
Numerator:
Net income, Class A	$	31,351	$	28,479	$	17,526
Net income, Class B		8,348		7,734		4,775
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding, Class A		3,633,044		3,608,179		3,604,029
Weighted average shares outstanding, Class B		1,934,865		1,959,730		1,963,880
Basic EPS, Class A	$	8.63	$	7.89	$	4.86
Basic EPS, Class B	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43

DILUTED EPS COMPUTATION
Numerator:
Net income, Class A	$	31,351	$	28,479	$	17,526
Net income, Class B		8,348		7,734		4,775

Total net income, for diluted EPS, Class A computation		39,699		36,213		22,301
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic, Class A		3,633,044		3,608,179		3,604,029
Weighted average shares outstanding, Class B		1,934,865		1,959,730		1,963,880

Weighted average shares outstanding diluted, Class A		5,567,909		5,567,909		5,567,909
Weighted average shares outstanding, Class B		1,934,865		1,959,730		1,963,880
Diluted EPS, Class A	$	7.13	$	6.50	$	4.01
Diluted EPS, Class B	$	4.31	$	3.95	$	2.43

15.

Stockholders’ Equity

DIVIDENDS

Holders of the Class A common stock may not vote in the election of directors but may vote as a class to approve certain extraordinary corporate transactions. Holders of Class B common stock may vote in the election of directors. Class A common stockholders are entitled to receive dividends per share equal to at least 200% per share of that paid, if any, on each share of Class B common stock. Class A common stock is publicly traded.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Class B common stock is not publicly traded; however, it can be converted on a per share basis to Class A common stock at any time at the option of the holder. Dividend payments by the Company are dependent in part on the dividends it receives from the Bank, which are subject to certain regulatory restrictions.

STOCK OPTION PLAN

During 2000 and 2004, common stockholders of the Company approved stock option plans (the “Option Plans”) that provide for granting of options for not more than 150,000 shares of Class A common stock per plan. Under the Option Plans, all officers and key employees of the Company are eligible to receive nonqualified and incentive stock options to purchase shares of Class A common stock. The Option Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, whose members are ineligible to participate in the Option Plans. Based on management’s recommendations, the Committee submits its recommendations to the Board of Directors as to persons to whom options are to be granted, the number of shares granted to each, the option price (which may not be less than 85% of the fair market value for nonqualified stock options, or the fair market value for incentive stock options, of the shares on the date of grant) and the time period over which the options are exercisable (not more than ten years from the date of grant). There were no options outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

CAPITAL RATIOS

The Bank and the Company are subject to various regulatory requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank and Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank and Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank and Company’s assets and liabilities, and certainoff-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank and Company’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank and the Company to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulation) to risk-weighted assets (as defined) and Tier 1 capital (as defined) to average assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31, 2019, that the Bank and the Company meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject.

The Basel Committee has issued capital standards entitled “Basel III: A global framework for more resilient banks and banking systems” (Basel III). The Federal Reserve has finalized its rule implementing the Basel III regulatory capital framework. The rule was effective in January 2015 and sets the Basel III minimum Regulatory capital requirements. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Common Equity tier 1, tier 1 risk-based, and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the table. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes would cause a change in the Bank’s categorization.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table:


	Actual					For Capital Adequacy Purposes					To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2019 (Basel III)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	$	401,850		13.57	%	$	236,830		8.00	%	$	296,037		10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		372,265		12.57	%		177,622		6.00	%		236,830		8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		372,265		12.57	%		133,217		4.50	%		192,424		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to 4th Qtr. Average Assets)		372,265		7.01	%		212,549		4.00	%		265,686		5.00	%
As of December 31, 2018 (Basel III)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	$	364,744		13.24	%	$	220,335		8.00	%	$	275,419		10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		336,201		12.21	%		165,251		6.00	%		220,335		8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		336,201		12.21	%		123,938		4.50	%		179,022		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to 4th Qtr. Average Assets)		336,201		6.68	%		201,228		4.00	%		251,535		5.00	%

The Company’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table:


	Actual					For Capital Adequacy Purposes					To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
As of December 31, 2019 (Basel III)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	$	415,863		13.97	%	$	238,132		8.00	%	$	297,665		10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		386,308		12.98	%		178,599		6.00	%		238,132		8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		351,308		11.80	%		133,949		4.50	%		193,482		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to 4th Qtr. Average Assets)		386,308		7.25	%		213,222		4.00	%		266,528		5.00	%
As of December 31, 2018 (Basel III)
Total Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)	$	377,359		13.62	%	$	221,690		8.00	%	$	277,113		10.00	%
Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		348,816		12.59	%		166,268		6.00	%		221,690		8.00	%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (to Risk-Weighted Assets)		313,816		11.32	%		124,701		4.50	%		180,123		6.50	%
Tier 1 Capital (to 4th Qtr. Average Assets)		348,816		6.91	%		201,913		4.00	%		252,391		5.00	%

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

16.

Income Taxes

The current and deferred components of income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, are as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Current expense:
Federal	$	2,548		$	2,637		$	3,628
State		697			697			412

Total current expense		3,245			3,334			4,040

Deferred (benefit) expense:
Federal		(1,660	)		(1,238	)		6,496
State		(367	)		(528	)		422
Valuation allowance reversal		(108	)		—			—

Total deferred (benefit) expense		(2,135	)		(1,766	)		6,918

Provision for income taxes	$	1,110		$	1,568		$	10,958

Income tax accounts included in other assets at December 31, are as follows:


	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
Current receivable	$	3,446	$	13,194
Deferred income tax asset, net		24,566		20,321

Total	$	28,012	$	33,515

Differences between income tax expense (benefit) at the statutory federal income tax rate and total income tax expense are summarized as follows:


	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Federal income tax expense at statutory rates	$	8,570		$	7,934		$	11,308
State income tax, net of federal income tax benefit		261			134			550
Insurance income		(265	)		(176	)		(371	)
Effect oftax-exempt interest		(6,737	)		(6,510	)		(8,683	)
Net tax credit		(292	)		(349	)		(341	)
Valuation allowance reversal		(108	)		—			—
Sequestration (reversal) accrual		(438	)		438			—
Deferred tax remeasurement		—			—			8,448
Other		119			97			47

Total	$	1,110		$	1,568		$	10,958

Effective tax rate		2.72	%		4.15	%		32.95	%

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table sets forth the Company’s gross deferred income tax assets and gross deferred income tax liabilities at December 31:


	2019			2018
(dollars in thousands)
Deferred income tax assets:
Allowance for loan losses	$	8,354		$	8,058
Deferred compensation		8,910			8,184
Pension and SERP liability		8,770			6,506
Operating lease liabilities		3,567			—
Unrealized losses on securities transferred toheld-to-maturity		643			912
Depreciation		1,060			908
QZAB credit		812			—
Accrued bonus		708			717
Charitable contributions carryforward		276			389
Nonaccrual interest		115			109
Unrealized (gains) losses on securitiesavailable-for-sale		114			(2	)
Other		206			181

Gross deferred income tax asset		33,535			25,962

Valuation allowance		—			(108	)

Gross deferred income tax asset, net of valuation allowance		33,535			25,854
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Pension liability		(4,258	)		(4,436	)
Operating leaseright-of-use assets		(3,520	)		—
Deferred origination costs		(516	)		(524	)
Prepaid expenses		(337	)		(228	)
Mortgage servicing rights		(338	)		(345	)

Gross deferred income tax liability		(8,969	)		(5,533	)

Deferred income tax asset net	$	24,566		$	20,321

Based on the Company’s historical and currentpre-tax earnings, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the deferred income tax asset existing at December 31, 2019. During 2019, the valuation allowance on a charitable contribution carryforward was reversed. Management believes that existing net deductible temporary differences which give rise to the deferred tax asset will reverse during periods in which the Company generates net taxable income. In addition, gross deductible temporary differences are expected to reverse in periods during which offsetting gross taxable temporary differences are expected to reverse. Factors beyond management’s control, such as the general state of the economy and real estate values, can affect future levels of taxable income, and no assurance can be given that sufficient taxable income will be generated to fully absorb gross deductible temporary differences.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. The majority of the provisions of the Tax Act took effect on January 1, 2018. The Tax Act lowers the Company’s federal tax rate from 34% to 21%. The Company remeasured its deferred taxes at 21% as of the enactment date and recorded additional tax expense of $8,448,000. Also, for tax years beginning after December 31, 2018, the corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”) has been repealed. For 2017 through 2021, the AMT credit carryforward can offset

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

regular tax liability and is refundable in an amount equal to 50% (100% for 2021) of the excess of the minimum tax credit for the tax year over the amount of the credit allowable for the year against regular tax liability. Accordingly, the full amount of the alternative minimum tax credit carryforward will be recovered in tax years beginning before 2022. The Tax Act also contains other provisions that may affect the Company currently or in future years. Among these are changes to the deductibility of meals and entertainment, the deductibility of executive compensation, the dividend received deduction and net operating loss carryforwards.

The Company is in an Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”) credit position. As the AMT has been repealed and the existing credit is refundable, the AMT credit, totaling $5,664,000, has been reclassified to currently receivable. Of this amount, the Company expects to recover $4,069,000 with the filing of its 2019 federal tax return. The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal tax return. The Company is subject to federal and state examinations for tax years after December 31, 2015.

17.

Employee Benefits

The Company has a Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan (the “Plan”), which had been offered to all employees reaching minimum age and service requirements. In 2006, the Bank became a member of the Savings Bank Employees Retirement Association (“SBERA”) within which it then began maintaining the Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan. SBERA offers a common and collective trust as the underlying investment structure for its retirement plans. The target allocation mix for the common and collective trust portfolio calls for an equity-based investment deployment range of 43% to 57% of total portfolio assets. The remainder of the portfolio is allocated to fixed income securities with target range of 15% to 25% and other investments including global asset allocation and hedge funds from 15% to 31%.

The Trustees of SBERA, through its Investment Committee, select investment managers for the common and collective trust portfolio. A professional investment advisory firm is retained by the Investment Committee to provide allocation analysis, performance measurement and to assist with manager searches. The overall investment objective is to diversify investments across a spectrum of investment types to limit risks from large market swings. The Company closed the plan to employees hired after March 31, 2006.

The measurement date for the Plan is December 31 for each year. The benefits expected to be paid in each year from 2020 to 2024 are $1,798,000, $2,023,000, $2,157,000, $2,270,000, and $2,451,000, respectively. The aggregate benefits expected to be paid in the five years from 2025 to 2029 are $15,005,000.

The framework for measuring fair value provides a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3). Valuation techniques maximize the use of relevant observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under Topic 820 are described as follows:

LEVEL 1

Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

LEVEL 2

Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, such as: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets; inputs other that quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

other means. If the asset or liability has specified (contractual) term, the level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

LEVEL 3

Inputs that are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Below is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value.

Collective Funds

Valued at either the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded or valued at the net asset value (NAV) of units of a collective trust. The NAV, as provided by the trustee, is used as a practical expedient to estimate fair value. The NAV is based on the fair value of the underlying investments held by the fund less its liabilities. This practical expedient is not used when it is determined to be probable that the fund will sell the investment for an amount different than the reported NAV. Participant transactions (purchases and sales) may occur daily. Were SBERA to initiate a full redemption of the collective trust, the investment advisor reserves the right to temporarily delay withdrawal from the trust in order to ensure that securities liquidations will be carried out in an orderly business manner.

Equity Securities

Valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded.

Mutual Funds

Valued at the daily closing price as reported by the fund. Mutual funds heldopen-end mutual funds that are registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The funds are required to publish their daily NAV and to transact at that price.

The mutual funds held are deemed to be actively traded.

Limited Partnerships and Hedge Funds

The funds are valued at NAV, without further adjustment, as calculated by the fund’s manager based upon the terms and conditions of the organization documents of the underlying investments, with further consideration to portfolio risks.

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the plan’s assets at fair value. Classification within the fair value hierarchy table is based upon the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement:

The fair value of plan assets and major categories as of December 31, 2019, is as follows:

Description

Percent

NAV

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(dollars in thousands)

Collective Funds

8.3

—

4,289

—

4,289

Equity Securities

9.7

—

5,016

—

5,016

Diversified Mutual Funds

31.1

—

16,081

—

16,081

Total investments measured in the fair value hierarchy

49.1

—

25,386

—

25,386

Investments measured at net asset value⁽¹⁾

50.9

26,274

—

26,274

100.0%

$26,274

$25,386

$—

$51,660

⁽¹⁾	In accordance with Subtopic820-10, certain investments that were measured at net asset value per share (or its equivalent) have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair value of plan assets and major categories as of December 31, 2018, is as follows:


Description	Percent			NAV		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
(dollars in thousands)
Collective Funds		5.6	%	$	—	$	2,504	$	—	$	—	$	2,504
Equity Securities		10.9	%		—		4,863		—		—		4,863
Diversified Mutual Funds		30.7	%		—		13,612		—		—		13,612
Short-term investments		0.1	%		—		60		—		—		60

Total investments measured in the fair value hierarchy		47.3	%		—		21,039		—		—		21,039
Investments measured at net asset value⁽¹⁾		52.7	%		23,398		—		—		—		23,398

		100.0	%	$	23,398	$	21,039	$	—	$	—	$	44,437

⁽¹⁾	In accordance with Subtopic820-10, certain investments that were measured at net asset value per share (or its equivalent) have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

INVESTMENTS MEASURED USING THE NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE PRACTICAL EXPEDIENT

The following table summarizes investments for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. There are no participant redemption restrictions for these investments.

The investments measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient as of December 31, 2019, is as follows:


	Percent			Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Collective Funds by Category:
Equity		19.3	%	$	9,932
US debt securities		15.2	%		7,874
International equities		10.1	%		5,208
Limited Partnerships by Category:
Emerging markets		3.2	%		1,635
Multi-strategy		1.2	%		644
Hedge Funds by Category:
Global opportunities⁽²⁾		0.5	%		259
Private investment entities and/or separately managed accounts⁽³⁾		1.4	%		722

		50.9	%	$	26,274

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The investments measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient as of December 31, 2018, is as follows:


	Percent			Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)
Collective Funds by Category:
Equity		20.8	%	$	9,204
Diversified		0.0	%		—
US debt securities		12.1	%		5,386
International equities		9.7	%		4,311
Limited Partnerships by Category:
Emerging markets		2.9	%		1,289
Multi-strategy		1.9	%		826
Hedge Funds by Category:
Multi-strategy⁽¹⁾		3.6	%		1,593
Global opportunities⁽²⁾		0.3	%		150
Private investment entities and/or separately managed accounts⁽³⁾		1.4	%		639

		52.7	%	$	23,398

⁽¹⁾

This category includes investments in hedge funds that pursue multiple strategies to diversify risks and reduce volatility. Fund objectives are to seek above-average rates of return and long-term capital growth throughin-vestments, which are fund of funds with a diversified portfolio of private investment entities and/or separately managed accounts managed by investment managers or achieve superior risk-adjusted capital appreciation over the long-term, generally through an investment, which invests in private investment funds and discretional managed accounts, structured notes, swaps or other similar products. The fair values of the investments in this category have been determined using the net asset value per share of the fund(s).

⁽²⁾

This category has an investment strategy to pursue a hybrid absolute return via portfolio managers, secondaries, andco-investments with a flexible and opportunistic mandate tactically allocating capital to look to capitalize on market dislocations and inefficiencies. The opportunities are expected to fall within the following strategies: Niche Alternatives and Private Credit and Hedge Fund secondaries. The fair value of the investments in this category have been determined using the last sales price, for listed securities, and in accordance with the agreement terms for portfolio-managed investments, notes, swaps, and other similar products.

⁽³⁾

The Fund’s investment objective is to invest in highly attractive, select investment opportunities by maintaining investments through private investment entities and/or separately managed accounts (each, an Investment or a Portfolio and collectively, the Investments or the Portfolios) with investment management professionals (each a Manager and collectively, the Managers) specializing in various alternative investment strategies. The Managers have broad investment experience and the ability to leverage their existing relationships with corporate management teams, investment banks and other institutions to gain access to certain investment opportunities. As such, the Manager is presented with “best idea” investment opportunities, typically in asset classes where market dislocations or other events have created attractive investment opportunities. The Managers are not restricted in the investment strategies that they may employ across different asset classes and regions. The Manager anticipates that any number of strategies will be eligible for consideration for investment by the Fund and the Fund reserves the right to invest in any particular strategy or asset class it deems appropriate.

The Company has a Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Plan (the Supplemental Plan), which is limited to certain officers and employees of the Company. The Supplemental Plan is voluntary. Under the

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Supplemental Plan, each participant will receive a retirement benefit based on compensation and length of service. Life insurance policies, which are owned by the Company, are purchased covering the lives of each participant.

The benefits expected to be paid in each year from 2020 to 2024 are $2,373,000, $2,318,000, $2,409,000, $2,692,000 and $3,138,000, respectively. The aggregate benefits expected to be paid in the five years from 2025 to 2029 are $18,017,000.


	Defined Benefit Pension Plan						Supplemental Insurance/ Retirement Plan
	2019			2018			2019			2018
(dollars in thousands)
Change projected in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	40,509		$	47,065		$	40,405		$	42,579
Service cost		1,103			1,411			1,024			1,107
Interest cost		1,892			1,481			1,926			1,386
Actuarial (gain)/loss		7,099			(8,263	)		7,537			(3,591	)
Benefits paid		(1,169	)		(1,185	)		(916	)		(1,076	)

Projected benefit obligation at end of year	$	49,434		$	40,509		$	49,976		$	40,405

Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	44,437		$	48,422
Actual return (loss) on plan assets		8,392			(2,800	)
Employer contributions		—			—
Benefits paid		(1,169	)		(1,185	)

Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	51,660		$	44,437

(Unfunded) Funded status	$	2,226		$	3,928		$	(49,976	)	$	(40,405	)

Accumulated benefit obligation	$	49,434		$	40,509		$	45,238		$	36,984

Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31
Discount rate—Liability		3.71	%		4.76	%		3.71	%		4.79	%
Discount rate—Expense		4.76	%		3.49	%		4.79	%		3.42	%
Expected return on plan assets		7.50	%		8.00	%		NA			NA
Rate of compensation increase		4.00	%		4.00	%		4.00	%		4.00	%
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Service cost	$	1,103		$	1,411		$	1,024		$	1,107
Interest cost		1,892			1,481			1,926			1,386
Expected return on plan assets		(3,275	)		(3,813	)		—			—
Recognized prior service cost		—			(100	)		114			114
Recognized net losses		916			904			435			706

Net periodic cost (benefit)	$	636		$	(117	)	$	3,499		$	3,313

Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income
Amortization of prior service cost	$	—		$	100		$	(114	)	$	(114	)
Net (gain) loss		1,066			(2,554	)		7,101			(4,298	)

Total recognized in other comprehensive income		1,066			(2,454	)		6,987			(4,412	)

Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income	$	1,702		$	(2,571	)	$	10,486		$	(1,099	)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


	Plan			December 31, 2019 Supplemental Plan			Total			Plan			December 31, 2018 Supplemental Plan			Total
(dollars in thousands)
Prior service cost	$	—		$	(307	)	$	(307	)	$	—		$	(421	)	$	(421	)
Net actuarial loss		(12,920	)		(17,971	)		(30,891	)		(11,854	)		(10,870	)		(22,724	)

Total	$	(12,920	)	$	(18,278	)	$	(31,198	)	$	(11,854	)	$	(11,291	)	$	(23,145	)

The following table summarizes the amounts included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss at December 31, 2019, expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost in the next year:


	Plan		Supplemental Plan
Amortization of prior service cost to be recognized in 2020	$	—	$	114
Amortization of loss to be recognized in 2020		1,041	$	849

Assumptions for the expected return on plan assets and discount rates in the Company’s Plan and Supplemental Plan are periodically reviewed. As part of the review, management in consultation with independent consulting actuaries performs an analysis of expected returns based on the plan’s asset allocation. This forecast reflects the Company’s and actuarial firm’s expected return on plan assets for each significant asset class or economic indicator. The range of returns developed relies on forecasts and on broad market historical benchmarks for expected return, correlation and volatility for each asset class. Also, as a part of the review, the Company’s management in consultation with independent consulting actuaries performs an analysis of discount rates based on expected returns of high-grade fixed income debt securities.

Prior to December 31, 2018, the Company utilized a full yield curve approach in the estimation of the service and interest components of the net periodic pensionable cost by applying the specific spot rates along the yield curve used in the determination of the benefit obligation to their underlying projected cash flows.

Beginning December 31, 2018, the discount rate was determined by preparing an analysis of the respective

plan’s expected future cash flows and high-quality fixed-income investments currently available and expected to be available during the period to maturity of the benefits. Mortality assumptions are based on the RP 2015 Mortality Table projected with Scale MP 2016.

This methodology more accurately matches yields to the expected benefit payments than the previous method. The discount rate used is an estimate of the rate at which the plans could settle their obligations. Rather than using a rate and curve developed using a bond portfolio, this method selects individual bonds to match to the expected cash flows of the Plans. This provides a more accurate depiction of the true cost to the plans to settle the obligations as the Plans could theoretically go into the marketplace and purchase the specific bonds used in the analysis in order to settle the obligations of the Plans.

The financial impact of the enhanced estimate to the discount rate amounted to approximately $6,800,000 decrease in the projected benefit obligations for the combined plans at December 31, 2018.

The Company offers a 401(k) defined contribution plan for all employees reaching minimum age and service requirements. The plan is voluntary and employee contributions are matched by the Company at a rate of 33.3% for the first 6% of compensation contributed by each employee. The Company’s match totaled $458,000 for 2019, $454,000 for 2018 and $445,000 for 2017. Administrative costs associated with the plan are absorbed by the Company.

The Company has a cash incentive plan that is designed to reward our executives and officers for the achievement of annual financial performance goals of the Company as well as business line, department and individual performance. The plan supports the philosophy that management be measured for their

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

performance as a team in the attainment of these goals. Discretionary bonus expense amounted to $2,364,000, $2,355,000 and $1,859,000 in 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.

The Company does not offer any postretirement programs other than pensions.

18.

Commitments and Contingencies

A number of legal claims against the Company arising in the normal course of business were outstanding at December 31, 2019. Management, after reviewing these claims with legal counsel, is of the opinion that their resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

19.

Financial Instruments withOff-Balance-Sheet Risk

The Company is party to financial instruments withoff-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.

These financial instruments primarily include commitments to originate and sell loans, standby letters of credit, unused lines of credit and unadvanced portions of construction loans. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in these particular classes of financial instruments.

instruments. Financial instruments withoff-balance-sheet risk at December 31 are as follows:

Contract or Notional Amount


	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amount represents credit risk
Commitments to originate 1–4 family mortgages	$	13,806	$	5,075
Standby and commercial letters of credit		5,779		4,258
Unused lines of credit		625,524		553,045
Unadvanced portions of construction loans		11,062		28,746
Unadvanced portions of other loans		15,801		20,305

Commitments to originate loans, unadvanced portions of construction loans, unused lines of credit and unused letters of credit are generally agreements to lend to a customer, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on acase-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

20.

Other Operating Expenses


Year ended December 31,	2019		2018		2017
(dollars in thousands)
Marketing	$	2,132	$	2,346	$	2,315
Software maintenance/amortization		2,409		2,002		1,859
Legal and audit		1,514		1,444		1,543
Contributions		813		1,077		993
Processing services		1,875		1,740		1,160
Consulting		1,552		1,464		1,199
Postage and delivery		1,002		1,021		966
Supplies		985		987		945
Telephone		956		946		1,020
Directors’ fees		414		438		440
Insurance		456		420		308
Pension		2,008		678		1,396
Other		1,786		1,725		1,845

Total	$	17,902	$	16,288	$	15,989

21.

Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair values of its financial instruments. Excluded from this disclosure are allnon-financial instruments. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company.

The assumptions used below are expected to approximate those that market participants would use in valuing these financial instruments.

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about the financial instrument, including estimates of timing, amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of the issuer. Such estimates do not consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In some cases, the fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets. In addition, the disclosed fair value may not be realized in the immediate settlement of the financial instrument. Care should be exercised in deriving conclusions about our business, its value or financial position based on the fair value information of financial instruments presented below.

SECURITIESHELD-TO-MATURITY

The fair values of these securities were based on quoted market prices, where available, as provided by third-party investment portfolio pricing vendors. If quoted market prices were not available, fair values provided by the vendors were based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments in active markets and/or based on a matrix pricing methodology which employs The Bond Market Association’s standard calculations for cash flow and price/yield analysis, live benchmark bond pricing and terms/condition data available from major pricing sources. Management regards the inputs and methods used by third party pricing vendors to be “Level 2 inputs and methods” as defined in the “fair value hierarchy” provided by FASB.

LOANS

The fair value of loans is estimated using the exit price notion consistent with Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. Fair value is determined based on a discounted cash flow analysis. The discounted cash flow analysis was based on the contractual maturity of the loan and market indications of rates, prepayment speeds, defaults and credit risk. For certainnon-performing assets fair value is determined based on the estimated values of the underlying collateral of individual analysis of receipts.

TIME DEPOSITS

The fair value of time deposits was estimated using a discounted cash flow approach that applies prevailing market interest rates for similar maturity instruments. The fair values of the Company’s time deposit liabilities do not take into consideration the value of the Company’s long-term relationships with depositors, which may have significant value.

OTHER BORROWED FUNDS

The fair value of other borrowed funds is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate used is estimated based on the rates currently offered for other borrowed funds of similar remaining maturities.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES

The fair value of subordinated debentures is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate used is estimated based on the rates currently offered for other subordinated debentures of similar remaining maturities.

The following presents (in thousands) the carrying amount, estimated fair value, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial

instruments as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. This table excludes financial instruments for which the carrying amount approximates fair value. Financial assets for which the fair value approximates carrying value include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, FHLBB stock and accrued interest receivable. Financial liabilities for which the fair value approximates carrying value includenon-maturity deposits, short-term borrowings and accrued interest payable.


					Fair Value Measurements
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs
(dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2019
Financial assets:
Securitiesheld-to-maturity	$	2,351,120	$	2,361,304	$	—	$	2,361,304	$	—
Loans⁽¹⁾		2,396,534		2,424,770		—		—		2,424,770
Financial liabilities:
Time deposits		555,447		560,746		—		560,746		—
Other borrowed funds		370,955		374,531		—		374,531		—
Subordinated debentures		36,083		36,083		—		36,083		—
December 31, 2018
Financial assets:
Securitiesheld-to-maturity	$	2,046,647	$	1,991,421	$	—	$	1,991,421	$	—
Loans⁽¹⁾		2,257,035		2,279,712		—		—		2,279,712
Financial liabilities:
Time deposits		560,579		559,988		—		559,988		—
Other borrowed funds		202,378		203,122		—		203,122		—
Subordinated debentures		36,083		36,083		—		36,083		—

⁽¹⁾	Comprised of loans (including collateral dependent impaired loans), net of deferred loan costs and the allowance for loan losses.

LIMITATIONS

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the type of financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Bank’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no active market exists for some of the Bank’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, cash flows, current economic conditions, risk characteristics and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant

judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions and changes in the loan, debt and interest rate markets could significantly affect the estimates. Further, the income tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on the fair value estimates and have not been considered.

22.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC Topic 606 is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with a

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

customer, and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers when it satisfies its performance obligations.

The Company’s performance obligations are typically satisfied as services are rendered, and our contracts do not include multiple performance obligations. Payment is generally collected at the time services are rendered, or monthly. Unsatisfied performance obligations at the report date are not material to our consolidated financial statements.

The Company pays sales commissions to its employees in accordance with certain incentive plans. The Company expenses sales commissions when incurred if we do not expect to recover these costs from the terms of the contract with the customer. Sales commissions are included in compensation expense.

In certain cases, other parties are involved with providing products and services to our customers. If the Company is a principal in the transaction (providing goods or services itself), revenues are reported based on the gross consideration received from the customer and any related expenses are reported gross in noninterest expense. If the Company is an agent in the transaction (arranging for another party to provide goods or services), the Company reports its net fee or commission retained as revenue.

Waivers and reversals are recorded as a reduction of revenue either when the revenue is recognized by the Company or at the time the waiver or reversal is earned by the customer.

A. Change in Accounting Policy

The Company adopted Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers with a date of initial application of January 1, 2018 and has applied the guidance to all contracts within the scope of Topic 606 as of that date. As a result, the Company has changed its accounting policy for revenue recognition as detailed in this footnote.

The Company applied Topic 606 using the cumulative effect method. Therefore, the comparative information has not been adjusted and

continues to be reported under Topic 605. There was no cumulative effect adjustment as of January 1, 2018, and there were no material changes to the financial statements at or for the years ended December 31, 2018, and 2017 as a result of adopting Topic 606.

B. Practical Expedients

The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph606-10-50-14 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less.

The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph606-10-32-18 and does not adjust the consideration from customers for the effects of a significant financing component if at contract inception the period between when the entity transfers the goods or services and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

C. Nature of Goods and Services

The vast majority of the Company’s revenue is specificallyout-of-scope of Topic 606. For the revenuein-scope, the following is a description of principal activities, separated by the timing of revenue recognition, from which the Company generates its revenue from contracts with customers.

1. Revenue earned at a point in time—Examples of revenue earned at a point in time are ATM transaction fees, wire transfer fees, NSF fees, credit and debit card interchange fees and foreign exchange transaction fees. Revenue is generally derived from transactional information accumulated by our systems and is recognized as revenue immediately as the transactions occur or upon providing the service to complete the customer’s transaction. The Company is the principal in each of these contracts, with the exception of credit and debit card interchange fees, in which case we are acting as the agent and record revenue net of expenses paid to the principal.

2. Revenue earned over time—The Company earns revenue from contracts with customers in a variety of ways in which the revenue is earned over a period of

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

time—generally monthly or quarterly. Examples of this type of revenue are deposit account service fees, lockbox fees, investment management fees, merchant referral services, and safede-posit box fees. Account service charges, management fees and referral fees are recognized on a monthly basis while any transaction based income is recorded as the activity occurs. Revenue is primarily based on the number and type of transactions or assets managed and is generally derived from transactional information

accumulated by our systems. Revenue is recorded in the same period as the related transactions occur or services are rendered to the customer.

D. Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents total revenues as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and the related amounts which are from contracts with customers within the scope of Topic 606. As illustrated here, the vast majority of our revenues are specifically excluded from the scope of Topic 606.


	Year ended December 31, 2019		Revenue from Contracts in Scope of Topic 606		Year ended December 31, 2018		Revenue from Contracts in Scope of Topic 606		Year ended December 31, 2017		Revenue from Contracts in Scope of Topic 606
(dollars in thousands)
Total net interest income	$	95,789	$	—	$	92,576	$	—	$	85,616	$	—
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts		9,220		9,220		8,560		8,560		8,586		8,586
Lockbox fees		3,973		3,973		3,274		3,274		3,290		3,290
Brokerage commissions		277		—		348		—		353		—
Net gains on sales of securities		61		—		302		—		47		—
Gains on sales of mortgage loans		412		—		—		—		370		—
Other income		4,456		2,799		3,764		2,536		3,906		2,429

Total noninterest income		18,399		15,992		16,248		14,370		16,552		14,305

Total revenues	$	114,188	$	15,992	$	108,824	$	14,370	$	102,168	$	14,305

The following table provides information about receivables with customers.


December 31,	2019		2018		2017
(dollars in thousands)
Receivables, which are included in “Other assets”	$	1,200	$	1,205	$	1,009

23.

Leases

The Company has operating leases primarily for branch locations as well as data processing centers. The Company’s operating leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 32 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 1 year. The Company also has one sublease for part of a data processing center that the Company currently leases from a lessor. The sublease expires in 2022 with an option to terminate and no option to extend. Lease income, for the

sublease, totaled approximately $39,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019. Variable lease costs include costs that are not included in the lease liability.

The components of lease expense were as follows:


Year Ended December 31,	2019
(in thousands)
Operating lease cost	$	2,216
Variable lease cost		528

Total lease cost	$	2,744

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:


Year Ended December 31,	2019
(in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	2,130

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	$	1,745


Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
Year Ended December 31,	2019
(in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)
Operating Leases:
Operating leaseright-of-use assets	$	12,521
Operating lease liabilities	$	12,690
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
Operating Leases		11 Years
Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating Leases		3.5	%

The Company is obligated under a number ofnon-cancelable operating leases for premises and equipment expiring in various years through 2028.

Total lease expense approximated $2,744,000, $2,601,000 and $2,608,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Included in lease expense are amounts paid to a company affiliated with Barry R. Sloane, Chairman, President and CEO, and Linda Sloane Kay, Vice Chair, amounting to $458,000, $444,000 and $439,000, respectively. Rental income approximated $419,000, $373,000 and $321,000 in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

A summary of future payments of lease liabilities were as follows:


Year Ending December 31,	2019			2018
(in thousands)
2019	$	—		$	2,490
2020		2,030			2,170
2021		1,754			1,694
2022		1,603			1,331
2023		1,545			1,104
2024		1,277			—
Thereafter		7,312			1,074

Total lease payments	$	15,521		$	9,863

Less imputed interest		(2,831	)

Present value of lease liability	$	12,690

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

24.

Quarterly Results of Operations (unaudited)

2019 Quarters

Fourth

Third

Second

First

(in thousands, except share data)

Interest income

40,518

39,852

39,692

39,077

Interest expense

15,187

16,082

16,442

15,639

Net interest income

25,331

23,770

23,250

23,438

Provision for loan losses

550

250

375

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

24,781

23,695

23,000

23,063

Other operating income

4,689

4,286

4,997

4,427

Operating expenses

18,212

17,462

18,264

18,190

Income before income taxes

11,258

10,519

9,733

9,300

Provision for income taxes

526

435

267

(118

)

Net income

10,732

10,084

9,466

9,418

Share data:

Average shares outstanding, basic

Class A

3,650,949

3,650,449

3,620,449

3,610,329

Class B

1,916,960

1,917,460

1,947,460

1,957,580

Average shares outstanding, diluted

Class A

5,567,909

Class B

1,916,960

1,917,460

1,947,460

1,957,580

Earnings per share, basic

Class A

2.33

2.19

2.06

2.05

Class B

1.16

1.09

1.03

Earnings per share, diluted

Class A

1.93

1.81

1.70

1.69

Class B

1.16

1.09

1.03

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


2018 Quarters	Fourth		Third		Second		First
(in thousands, except share data)
Interest income	$	37,453	$	34,765	$	33,408	$	31,430
Interest expense		13,748		11,561		10,209		8,962

Net interest income		23,705		23,204		23,199		22,468
Provision for loan losses		450		—		450		450

Net interest income after provision for loan losses		23,255		23,204		22,749		22,018
Other operating income		4,164		4,169		3,722		4,193
Operating expenses		17,185		17,348		17,159		18,001

Income before income taxes		10,234		10,025		9,312		8,210
Provision for income taxes		309		444		314		501

Net income	$	9,925	$	9,581	$	8,998	$	7,709

Share data:
Average shares outstanding, basic
Class A		3,608,329		3,608,329		3,608,029		3,608,029
Class B		1,959,580		1,959,580		1,959,880		1,959,880
Average shares outstanding, diluted
Class A		5,567,909		5,567,909		5,567,909		5,567,909
Class B		1,959,580		1,959,580		1,959,880		1,959,880
Earnings per share, basic
Class A	$	2.16	$	2.09	$	1.96	$	1.68
Class B	$	1.08	$	1.04	$	0.98	$	0.84
Earnings per share, diluted
Class A	$	1.78	$	1.72	$	1.62	$	1.38
Class B	$	1.08	$	1.04	$	0.98	$	0.84

25.

Parent Company Financial Statements

The balance sheets of Century Bancorp, Inc. (“Parent Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 and the statements of income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, are presented below. The statements of changes in stockholders’ equity are identical to the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity and are therefore not presented here.

BALANCE SHEETS


December 31,	2019		2018
(dollars in thousands)
ASSETS:
Cash	$	3,177	$	1,263
Investment in subsidiary, at equity		353,489		322,775
Other assets		16,325		16,991

Total assets	$	372,991	$	341,029

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Liabilities	$	4,327	$	4,507
Subordinated debentures		36,083		36,083
Stockholders’ equity		332,581		300,439

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	372,991	$	341,029

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

STATEMENTS OF INCOME


Year Ended December 31,	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
Income:
Dividends from subsidiary	$	5,000		$	4,750		$	2,500
Interest income from deposits in bank		—			—			1
Other income		65			53			34

Total income		5,065			4,803			2,535
Interest expense		1,577			1,474			1,121
Operating expenses		215			225			209

Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed income of subsidiary		3,273			3,104			1,205
Benefit from income taxes		(363	)		(347	)		(440	)

Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiary		3,636			3,451			1,645
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiary		36,063			32,762			20,656

Net income	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


December 31,	2019			2018			2017
(dollars in thousands)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	39,699		$	36,213		$	22,301
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Undistributed income of subsidiary		(36,063	)		(32,762	)		(20,656	)
Decrease (increase) in other assets		665			(158	)		(6,498	)
(Decrease) increase in liabilities		(180	)		(1,808	)		6,266

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		4,121			1,485			1,413

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Cash dividends paid		(2,207	)		(2,203	)		(2,200	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(2,207	)		(2,203	)		(2,200	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash		1,914			(718	)		(787	)

Cash at beginning of year		1,263			1,981			2,768

Cash at end of year	$	3,177		$	1,263		$	1,981

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Century Bancorp, Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Century Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes, collectively, the consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated March 13, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1982.

Boston, Massachusetts

March 13, 2020

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Century Bancorp, Inc.:

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Century Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiary’s (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes, collectively, the consolidated financial statements, and our report dated March 13, 2020 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

March 13, 2020

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

CENTURY BANCORP, INC.

400 Mystic Avenue

Medford, Massachusetts 02155

We, together with the other members of executive management of Century Bancorp, Inc. and our subsidiary (the “Company”), are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessment, we believe that, as of December 31, 2019, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Their report appears on page 94.



Barry R. Sloane		William P. Hornby, CPA
Chairman, President & CEO		Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer

March 13, 2020

PART III

ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The directors of the Company and their ages are as follows:


Name	Age	Position
George R. Baldwin	76	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Stephen R. Delinsky	75	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Louis J. Grossman	70	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Russell B. Higley, Esquire	80	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Jackie Jenkins-Scott	70	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Linda Sloane Kay	58	Vice Chair of the Board, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Fraser Lemley	79	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Joseph P. Mercurio	71	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Joseph J. Senna, Esquire	80	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Jo Ann Simons	66	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Barry R. Sloane	64	Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, Century Bancorp, Inc. and Century Bank and Trust Company

Marshall M. Sloane (Deceased 2019)	—	Chairman of the Board, Century Bancorp, Inc. and Century Bank and Trust Company

George F. Swansburg	77	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Jon Westling (Retired 2019)	77	Director, Century Bancorp, Inc., and Century Bank and Trust Company

Mr. Baldwinbecame a director of the Company in 1996. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1995. Mr. Baldwin is President and CEO of G. Baldwin & Co., a financial service firm. He was formerly CEO, Owner and Director of Kaler Carney Liffler, a multi-state regional insurance agency; and subsequently he became Chairman of the New England area of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., America’s third largest insurance broker. Mr. Baldwin’s extensive three-decade background in banking and insurance is relevant to Century’s insurance and financial customers and qualifies him to continue to serve as a director of the Company.

Mr. Delinsky became a director of the Company and of Century Bank in 2013. He was an attorney with the law firm of Clark, Hunt, Ahearn & Embry until the end of June 2019. Prior to that, Mr. Delinsky was an attorney at the law firm of Eckert Seamans Cherin & Mellott, LLC. Currently, he’s an attorney in private practice. Mr. Delinsky’s experience as an attorney, and expertise in civil and criminal trial experience in state and federal courts, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company.

Mr. Grossman became a director of the Company and of Century Bank and Trust Company in January 2016. Mr. Grossman has been President and Treasurer of The Grossman Companies, Inc. since 1980, when he and his father, Morton, purchased the family real estate business. In January 2015 he became Chairman. Mr. Grossman’s experience and expertise in real estate, which is relevant to customer relationships of the Company, qualifies him to serve as director of the Company.

Mr. Higley became a director of the Company in 1996. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1986. Mr. Higley is an attorney in private practice. Mr. Higley’s experience as an attorney and expertise in the real estate industry, which is relevant to real estate customers of the Company, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified him to continue to serve.

Ms. Jenkins-Scottbecame a director of the Company and of Century Bank and Trust Company in 2006. Ms. Jenkins-Scott is past President of Boston’s Wheelock College. Ms. Jenkins-Scott’s experience as President of a college and expertise in the educational field as well as President and CEO of anon-profit entity, which is relevant to certain customer relationships of the Company, has qualified her to serve as director of the Company. Also, her tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified her to continue to serve.

Ms. Sloane Kaybecame a director of the Company in 2005. Ms. Kay joined Century Bank and Trust Company in 1983 as Assistant Vice President and currently serves as Vice Chair of the Board. Ms. Kay’s experience in business development, customer relationships and tenure at Century Bank and Trust Company has qualified her to serve as Vice Chair of the Board of the Company.

Mr. Lemley became a director of the Company in 1996. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1988. Mr. Lemley is Chairman of the Board and CEO of Sentry Auto Group. Mr. Lemley’s experience as CEO of a company and expertise in the automotive industry, which is relevant to certain other customers in the automotive industry of the Company, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified him to continue to serve.

Mr. Mercurio became a director of the Company in 1990 and a director of Century Bank and Trust Company in 1995 and voluntarily resigned in 2004. He was thenre-elected in 2010. In December 2010, Mr. Mercurio retired as Executive Vice President of Boston University having completed 38 years of service. He subsequently served as Senior Vice President for Administration and Finance and Senior Advisor to the President at Quincy College; and now serves as an independent consultant in the field of higher administration and education. Mr. Mercurio’s experience in the educational field, which is relevant to certain customer relationships of the Company, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified him to continue to serve.

Mr. Senna became a director of the Company in 1986. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1979. Mr. Senna is an attorney and managing partner of C&S Capital Properties, LLC, a real

estate management and development firm. Mr. Senna’s experience as an attorney and expertise in the real estate industry, which is relevant to real estate related customers in addition to his years of service as Chairman of the Audit Committee, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified him to continue to serve.

Ms. Simons became a director of the Company and a director of Century Bank and Trust Company in January 2016. Ms. Simons is CEO of Northeast Arc and was President and CEO of Cardinal Cushing Centers, Inc. from 2008 through January 2016. These nonprofit organizations specialize in the support of individuals with disabilities. Ms. Simons’ experience and expertise with nonprofit organizations, which is relevant to customer relationships of the Company, qualifies her to serve as director of the Company.

Mr. Barry R. Sloanehas been a director of the Company and Century Bank and Trust Company since 1997. Mr. Sloane is Chairman, President and CEO of Century Bancorp and Chairman, President and CEO of Century Bank and Trust Company. Mr. Sloane is also Treasurer and a trustee of the Savings Bank Employee Retirement System (SBERA). Mr. Sloane’s experience at the Company as well as his experience at other financial services companies and expertise in the financial services industry has qualified him to serve as Chairman of the Board.

Mr. Marshall M. Sloane was the founder of the Company. He founded Century Bank and Trust Company in 1969 and was the Chairman of the Board. Mr. Sloane passed away in April of 2019.

Mr. Swansburg became a director of the Company in 1986. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1992. From 1992 to 1998 he was President and Chief Operating Officer of Century Bank and Trust Company. He is now retired from Century Bank and Trust Company. Mr. Swansburg’s experience as President and Chief Operating Officer of Century Bank and Trust Company and expertise in the banking industry has qualified him to serve as a director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company has qualified him to continue to serve.

Mr. Westling became a director of the Company in 1996. He has been a director of Century Bank and Trust Company since 1995. Mr. Westling is President Emeritus and Professor of History and Humanities at Boston University. Mr. Westling’s experience as president of a University and expertise in the educational field, which is relevant to certain customer relationships of the Company, has qualified him to serve as director of the Company. Also, his tenure and experience as a director of the Company qualified him to serve. Mr. Westling retired as director in May of 2019.

All of the Company’s directors are elected annually and hold office until their successors are duly elected and qualified. A majority of the members of the Company’s Board of Directors have been determined by the Company’s Board of Directors to be independent within the meaning of current NASDAQ listing standards. There are no family relationships between any of the directors or executive officers, except that Barry R. Sloane is the son of the late Marshall M. Sloane and Linda Sloane Kay is the daughter of the late Marshall M. Sloane.

Executive officers are elected annually by the Board prior to the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to serve for a one year term and until their successors are elected and qualified. The following table sets forth the name and age of each executive officer of the Company and the principal positions and offices he/she holds with the Company.


Barry R. Sloane		Chairman, President and CEO; Chairman, President and CEO, Century Bank and Trust Company. Mr. Sloane is 64 years old.

Linda Sloane Kay		Vice Chair, Century Bank and Trust Company. Ms. Sloane Kay is 58 years old. She joined the Company in 1983.

William P. Hornby		Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, Century Bank and Trust Company. Mr. Hornby is 53 years old. He joined the Company in 2007.


Paul A. Evangelista		Executive Vice President, Century Bank and Trust Company with responsibility for retail, operations and marketing. Mr. Evangelista is 56 years old. He joined the Company in 1999.

Brian J. Feeney		Executive Vice President, Century Bank and Trust Company, Head of Institutional Services Group. Mr. Feeney is 59 years old. He joined the Company in 1989.

David B. Woonton		Executive Vice President, Century Bank and Trust Company with responsibility for lending. Mr. Woonton is 64 years old. He joined the Company in 1999.

The Audit Committee

The Audit Committee meets with KPMG LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in connection with the annual audit and quarterly reviews of the Company’s financial statements. The Audit Committee was composed of four directors during 2019, Joseph J. Senna, Chair, Stephen R. Delinsky, Jo Ann Simons, and Joseph P. Mercurio, each of whom the Board of Directors has determined is independent under current NASDAQ listing standards. The Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Senna and Ms. Jo Ann Simons qualify as “audit committee financial experts”, as that term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of RegulationS-K promulgated by the SEC. The Audit Committee reviews the findings and recommendations of the FRB, FDIC, and the Massachusetts Division of Banks in connection with their examinations and the internal audit reports and procedures for the Company and its subsidiaries. The Audit Committee met five times during 2019.

Audit Committee Report

The Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for providing independent, objective oversight of the Company’s accounting functions and internal controls. The Audit Committee reviews: the financial information provided to shareholders and others; the systems of internal controls regarding finance, accounting, legal/regulatory compliance, and ethics; and the audit and financial reporting processes. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter first adopted and approved by the Board of Directors in 2000. The Audit Committee has reviewed and reassessed its Charter. A copy of the Audit Committee Charter was last published in the Form10-K for the period ending December 31, 2018.

Management is responsible for the Company’s internal controls and financial reporting process. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and to issue their reports thereon. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is to monitor and oversee these processes.

The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements with management and the independent registered public accounting firm. The Audit Committee has also discussed with KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm for the Company, the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and the SEC.

The Audit Committee has also received the written disclosures and the letter from KPMG LLP as required by the PCAOB. The Audit Committee has discussed with KPMG LLP the firm’s independence, including a review of audit andnon-audit fees and services, and concluded that KPMG LLP is independent.

Based on the review and discussions referred to in the paragraph above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board of Directors that the audited consolidated financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form10-K for the last fiscal year for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

100

/s/ Joseph J. Senna, Chair

/s/ Stephen R. Delinsky

/s/ Jo Ann Simons

/s/ Joseph P. Mercurio

Nominating Committee

The Company’s Nominating Committee has three director members, Stephen R. Delinsky, Fraser Lemley and Louis J. Grossman, each of whom the Board of Directors has determined to be independent under the NASDAQ current listing standards. The Nominating Committee operates pursuant to a written policy. The nominating committee implements the process by identifying a potential candidate and evaluating whether the candidate is eligible and qualified for service. The Committee has developed criteria for the selection of new directors to the Board, including but not limited to, diversity, age, skills, experience, time availability (including the number of other boards a director candidate sits on), NASDAQ listing standards, applicable federal and state laws and regulations, Board and Company needs and such other criteria as the Committee shall determine to be relevant. The committee’s effectiveness is assessed by reviewing existing Board of Directors attendance and performance; experience, skills and contributions that the existing Director brings to the Board; and independence, prior to nominating an existing director for reelection.

Board Leadership Structure

Marshall M. Sloane was Chairman of the Board before his passing in April of 2019. Barry R. Sloane is the Chairman of the Board, President and CEO. Linda Sloane Kay is Vice Chair of the Board.

Oversight of Risk

The Board oversees risk through various Board Committees which report directly to the Board. Also, various committees comprised of Company management report to the Board.

The principal Board Committees responsible for overseeing the various elements of risk are the Audit Committee, the Asset Liability Committee and the Executive Committee. The Audit Committee is responsible for monitoring all elements of risk, primarily through its oversight of the internal audit program. The Asset Liability Committee monitors interest rate risk principally through management’s models and simulations. The Executive Committee monitors credit risk through its review of large originators, classified assets, and the calculation of the allowance for loan losses and concentrations of credits.

The principal committees comprised of management are Management Committee, Corporate Risk Management Committee, Loan Approval Committee and Asset Liability Pricing Committee. Management Committee is comprised of senior management and is responsible for overseeing all elements of risk. The Corporate Risk Management Committee meets quarterly to address specific elements of risk. Loan Approval Committee is responsible for overseeing credit risk. The Asset Liability Committee oversees interest rate risk. The committees comprised of management report to the Board of Directors, as needed, through senior management’s attendance and reporting at Board of Directors meetings.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the Company’s Code of Ethics may be obtained upon written request to Investor Relations, Century Bancorp, Inc., 400 Mystic Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Based solely on a review of the copies of Forms 3, 4 and 5 and amendments thereto, if any, filed with the SEC during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 and any written representations furnished to the Company,

101

the Company believes that Barry R. Sloane filed 2 (two) late reports covering 4 (four) transactions that were not reported on a timely basis and Linda Sloane Kay filed 2 (two) late reports covering 3 (three) transactions that were not reported on a timely basis. These transactions relate to the appointment of Barry R. Sloane and Linda Sloane Kay, respectively, as trustees of various trusts in connection with the death of Marshall Sloane.

Based solely on a review of Forms 4 filed with the SEC during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, the Company believes a beneficial owner of more than 10% of the Company’s Class A Common Stock, James J. Filler filed 31(thirty-one) late reports covering 85 (eighty-five) transactions that were not reported on a timely basis. Based solely on a review of Forms 5 filed with the SEC during such fiscal year, Mr. Filler did not file a Form 5 in such fiscal year.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The following is a discussion and analysis of our executive compensation policies and practices with respect to compensation reported for fiscal year 2019.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis includes separate sections on:

•

The Composition and Responsibilities of the Compensation Committee

•

The Company’s Executive Compensation Conclusion

•

Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A)

•

Philosophy and Objectives of the Company

•

Compensation Process

•

Compensation Consultant

•

Compensation Components

•

Post-Employment Compensation

•

Chief Executive Officer Compensation

•

Executive Officer Compensation

•

Consulting Services Agreements

•

Employment Agreements

•

Report of the Compensation Committee

Composition and Responsibilities of the Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee is a committee of the Board of Directors composed of Fraser Lemley as Chairman, Joseph Mercurio and Jo Ann Simons, each of whom the Board has determined is independent as defined by the FINRA current listing standards.

The Compensation Committee oversees compensation programs applicable to employees at all levels of the Company and makes decisions regarding executive compensation that is intended to align total compensation with business objectives and enable the Company to attract, retain and reward individuals who are contributing to the Company’s success.

The Compensation Committee reviews the Company’s cash incentive, stock incentive, retirement, and benefit plans and makes its recommendations to the Board with respect to these areas.

All decisions with respect to executive and director compensation are approved by the Compensation Committee and recommended to the full Board for ratification.

102

The Company’s Executive Compensation Conclusion

Based upon review, the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors found the Company’s Chief Executive Officer’s, the Chief Financial Officer’s and the other Named Executive Officers’ total compensation to be reasonable. In addition to the other factors noted, the Committee and the Board considered that the Company maintains only one change of control provision and did not award stock incentive awards for fiscal year 2019. It should be noted that when the Committee and the Board considers any component of executive compensation, the mix and aggregate amounts of all components are taken into consideration.

Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A)

Philosophy and Objectives of Company

The Company’s executive compensation philosophy is based on the following principles:

•

Compensation programs should be designed to attract and retain executives, to motivate them to achieve and to reward them appropriately for their performance.

•

Compensation should be competitive and equitable in light of the executive’s responsibilities, experience, and performance.

•

Provide annual compensation that takes into account the Company’s performance with respect to its financial and strategic objectives, the performance of functions and business areas under the executive’s management and the results of established goals;

•

Align the financial interests of the executive with those of shareholders by providing both short-term and long-term incentives;

•

Offer a total compensation program for each executive based on (i) the level of responsibility of the executive’s position, (ii) the experience and skills necessary relative to the other senior management positions, (iii) comparison of compensation to similarly positioned executives of peer financial institutions; and

•

Evaluate the overall compensation of our executives in light of general economic and specific company, industry and competitive considerations.

Compensation Process

The Company maintains governance practices to ensure that it can reach its compensation-related decisions in an informed and appropriate manner.

Base salaries, which are the Company’s major element of compensation, are reviewed for executive officers and employees at the regularly scheduled fall meeting of the Compensation Committee. At this meeting the Committee also reviews and adopts, as appropriate, proposals for the discretionary officer cash incentive plan for the new fiscal year, stock option grants, additions, amendments, modifications or terminations of retirement and benefit programs.

The Compensation Committee’s process incorporates the following:

•

The Committee operates under a written charter which is periodically reviewed. The Committee amended its charter in 2014 to conform to NASDAQ compensation committee rule amendments.

•

The Committee meets with representatives of management to review and discuss prepared materials and issues.

•

The Committee considers recommendations from the Chief Executive Officer with respect to the compensation of the Company’s Named Executive Officers.

•

Our independent compensation consultant attends Committee meetings as requested.

103

•

The Committee meets and deliberates privately without management present. Our consultant participates in these sessions as requested.

•

The Committee may consult with thenon-management and independent directors regarding decisions affecting Executive compensation.

•

The Committee reports the Committee’s major actions to the entire Board at the Board of Director’s meeting in December or the following January.

•

The Committee recommends for approval to the Board of Directors the fees for our Board and Board Committees.

•

The Board of Directors then considers the report of the Compensation Committee and accepts or amends and approves or ratifies all matters presented for consideration.

To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Committee or the Board may delegate to management certain of its duties and responsibilities, including with respect to the adoption, amendment, modification or termination of benefit plans and with respect to the awards of stock options under certain stock plans.

Compensation Consultant

When making determinations regarding the compensation paid to our executives the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors rely, in part, on the expertise of our independent compensation consultant, Thomas Warren & Associates, to conduct an assessment of our executive compensation. In addition to conferring with certain executives, the consultant works with internal company support staff to obtain compensation and market data. Thomas Warren & Associates identifies a group of peer companies in consideration of such factors as asset size, geography, type of financial services offered and the complexity and scope of operations and makes use of executive compensation comparisons, published surveys and peer analyses.

The Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors took Thomas Warren & Associates’ recommendations into consideration when setting base salaries for fiscal 2019.

Compensation Components

With respect to Executive compensation, the Company reviews the mix of base salary, cash and stock based incentive plans and benefits for our individual executives, however, there is no specific formula for allocating between cash andnon-cash compensation. The competitiveness of total compensation potential for our executives is reviewed against industry practices and the Company’s peers as identified by our independent compensation consultant. The major elements of the Company’s executive compensation package (i.e., base salary, cash and stock based incentive plans) are similar to those found in many companies.

Base Salary Compensation:

When evaluating executive base salary compensation, the Company takes into consideration such factors as:

•

The attainment of business and strategic goals and the financial performance of the Company;

•

The importance, complexity, and level of responsibility of the executive’s position within the organizational structure;

•

The performance of the executive’s business area’s goals and the accomplishment of objectives for the previous year;

•

The difficulty of achieving desired results;

•

The value of the executive’s unique skills, abilities and general management capabilities to support the long-term performance of the Company;

•

The executive’s contribution as a member of the Executive Management Team.

104

While the Company reviews numerous quantitative and qualitative factors noted above when determining executive base salary compensation, the performance of the Company’s stock is not generally considered a factor in this determination as the price of the Company’s common stock is subject to various factors beyond the Company’s control. The Company believes that the price of the stock in the long-term will reflect the Company’s operating performance and how well our executives manage the Company.

Ultimately, the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors have the authority to use discretion when making executive compensation determinations after review of all the information that they deem relevant.

Cash Incentive Plan:

The Company has a discretionary cash incentive plan that is designed to reward our executives and officers for the achievement of annual financial performance goals of the Company as well as business line, department and individual performance. The plan supports the philosophy that management be measured for their performance as a team in the attainment of these goals.

Awards are based upon the attainment of established objectives including profitability, expense control, sales volumes and overall job performance. Awards are generally not granted unless the Company achieves certain financial targets.

Upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, the Board of Directors determines the aggregate amount, if any, to be awarded. In recognition of the Company’s solid performance, discretionary awards were granted for fiscal 2019. Awards for the Chief Executive Officer and the other Named Executive Officers were reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors and are noted on the Summary Compensation Table.

Stock Option Plans:

During 2000 and 2004, common stockholders of the Company approved stock option plans (the “Option Plans”) to encourage ownership of Class A common stock of the Company by directors, officers and employees of the Company and its Affiliates and to provide additional incentives for them to promote the success of the Company’s business through awards of or relating to shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. Under the Option Plans, all officers and key employees of the Company are eligible to receivenon-qualified and incentive stock options to purchase shares of Class A common stock. The Option Plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, whose members are ineligible to participate in the Option Plans. Based on management’s recommendations, the Committee submits its recommendations to the Board of Directors as to persons to whom options are to be granted, the number of shares granted to each, the option price (which may not be less than 85% of the stocks trading value fornon-qualified stock options, or the fair market value for incentive stock options, of the shares on the date of grant) and the time period over which the options are exercisable (not more than ten years from the date of the grant).

The Compensation Committee has complete discretion to make or select the manner of making all necessary determinations with respect to each option to be granted by the committee under the Option Plans including the director, employee, or officer to receive an Option. However, in determining the long-term incentive component (stock incentive plan) of executive compensation, the Committee does consider the Company’s performance and relative shareholder return, the value of similar incentives awards at peer companies and the awards given in past years. The Committee may take into account the nature of the services provided by the respective officers, employees, and directors, their present and potential contributions to the success of the Company, and any other factors that the Compensation Committee, in its discretion, determines are relevant.

Option grants were not awarded in 2019.

Post-Employment Compensation

Defined Benefit Pension Plan:

The Company had a qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan which had been offered to all employees reaching a minimum age and service requirement. In 2006 the Bank became a member of the Savings Bank

105

Employee Retirement Association (“SBERA”) within which it maintains the qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan. SBERA offers a common and collective trust as the underlying investment structure for pension plans participating in SBERA. The Trustee of SBERA, through SBERA’s Investment Committee, selects investment managers for the common and collective trust portfolio. A professional advisory firm is retained by the Investment Committee to provide allocation analysis, performance measurement and to assist with manager searches. The overall investment objective is to diversify equity investments across a spectrum of investment types. (e.g. small cap, large cap, international, etc.) and styles (e.g. growth, value, etc.). The Company has closed the plan to employees hired after March 31, 2006.

Benefits under the plan are based upon an employee’s years of service and career average compensation. The 2019 increase in the actuarial present value of each Named Executive Officer’s accumulated benefit under the plan is set forth in the Summary Compensation Table which appears on page 109 and the actuarial present value of each Named Executive Officer is set forth in the Pension Benefits Table which appears on page 110.

401(k) Plan:

Our executives are eligible to participate in the Company’s 401(k) contributory defined contribution plan. The Company contributes a matching contribution equal to 33.33% on the first 6% of the participant’s compensation that has been contributed to the plan. The Chief Executive Officer and five of the Named Executive Officers participated in the 401(k) plan during fiscal 2019 and received matching contributions up to a maximum of $5,600. The plan is currently administered by SBERA and BPAS.

Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Income Plan:

The Company has a Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Plan (the Supplemental Plan) which is limited to select officers and employees of the Company.

Executive officers of the Company or its subsidiaries who have at least one year of service may participate in the Supplemental Plan. The Supplemental Plan is voluntary, and participants are required to contribute to its cost. Under the Supplemental Plan, each participant will receive a retirement benefit based on compensation and length of service. Individual life insurance policies, which are owned by the Company, are purchased covering the lives of each participant.

Benefits under the Supplemental Plan are based upon an employee’s years of service and average compensation over the highestthirty-six (36) consecutive months. The 2019 increase in the actuarial present value of each Named Executive Officer’s accumulated benefit under the Supplemental Plan is set forth in the Summary Compensation Table which appears below and the actuarial present value of each Named Executive Officer is set forth in the Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Benefits Table which appears on page 111.

Previously, the Company has entered into an agreement with Mr. Marshall Sloane to freeze his Supplemental Executive/Insurance Retirement Income Plan benefit. In consideration of this frozen benefit, the Company has acquired life insurance policies providing a death benefit of $25,000,000 upon the death of the survivor of Mr. Sloane or Mrs. Sloane. Mr. Sloane elected 50% joint and survivor annuity. Under this plan he and his spouse received $327,274 in 2019.

Chief Executive Officer Compensation

The Company granted Chief Executive Officer, Barry R. Sloane, a 5% salary increase in 2019. In recognition of the Company’s solid financial performance in 2019, the Company also granted a $303,264 cash bonus payable to Mr. Barry R. Sloane.

The 2019 total compensation for the Chief Executive Officer was $2,718,816, as shown in the Summary Compensation Table. The 2019 estimated median compensation for the Company was $52,025. The CEO total

106

compensation was approximately 52 times the total compensation of the median employee calculated in the same manner. In determining the median employee, a listing was prepared of all employees as of December 31, 2019. Compensation was annualized for those employees that were not employed for the full year of 2019.

Executive Officer Compensation

Consistent with the decisions regarding CEO base compensation, the Company determined that the base salary compensation for each of the following Named Executive Officers, Linda Sloane Kay, Paul Evangelista, David Woonton, William Hornby and Brian Feeney increased 5% in 2019. In light of the Company’s financial performance in 2019, cash bonuses were awarded to all of the above Named Executive Officers as noted in the Summary Compensation Table.

The Company based its determinations on its subjective analysis of each individual’s performance and contribution to the corporation’s goals and objectives and considered the quantitative and qualitative factors referenced above.

Executive Benefits

We limit additional executive benefits that we make available to our executive officers. Where such benefits are provided, they are intended to support other business purposes including facilitating business development efforts.

Consulting Services Agreement

The Company renewed its consulting agreement with Marshall M. Sloane to provide the Company advice on strategic planning and operational management, assist with business development efforts and clients, participate in public relations and community outreach efforts and provides other services as may be requested by the Board of Directors. The Company agreed to pay Mr. Sloane an annual contract fee of $446,955 per year during 2019 with provisions to reimburse Mr. Sloane for all related business expenses and the expense of obtaining health insurance comparable to that which the Company provided while he was Chief Executive Officer. The actual amount paid to Mr. Sloane and his estate was $394,188; this amount included a termination payment as a result of his death in April of 2019.

Employment Agreement

The Company has an employment agreement with Mr. David Woonton. The agreement grants two years of service payable upon a change of control of the Company.

Compensation Committee Report

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the foregoing Report of the Compensation Committee, including the CD&A, with management. In reliance on the reviews and discussions referred to above, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board, and the Board has approved, that the CD&A be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 for filing with the SEC.

/s/ Fraser Lemley, Chairman

/s/ Joseph Mercurio

/s/ Jo Ann Simons

Compensation Paid to Executive Officers

The following table sets forth information for the three year period ended December 31, 2019 concerning the compensation for services in all capacities to Century Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries of our principal executive

107

officers and our principal financial officer as well as our other four most highly compensated executive officers (or executive officers of our subsidiaries). We refer to these individuals throughout this10-K statement as the “Named Executive Officers”.

108

Summary Compensation Table


Name and Principal Position	Year		Salary ($)		Bonus ($)		Stock Awards ($)		Option Awards ($)		Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings- December 31, ($)		All Other Compensation ($) (1)		Total ($)
Marshall M. Sloane (Deceased 2019) (2)		2019		—		—		—		—		—		161,691		161,691
Chairman of the Board,		2018		—		—		—		—		—		1,500,739		1,500,739
Century Bancorp, Inc. and Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		—		—		—		—		—		1,280,741		1,280,741

Barry R. Sloane		2019		719,086		303,264		—		—		1,646,224		50,242		2,718,816
Chairman, President and CEO,		2018		684,844		280,800		—		—		21,774		44,605		1,032,023
Century Bancorp, Inc. and Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		652,232		240,000		—		—		1,103,884		59,042		2,055,158

Linda Sloane Kay		2019		426,512		128,887		—		—		1,252,213		10,709		1,818,321
Vice Chair, Century Bancorp, Inc.		2018		406,202		119,340		—		—		105,491		28,961		659,994
and Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		386,859		102,000		—		—		661,850		22,835		1,173,544

David B. Woonton		2019		426,512		128,887		—		—		853,041		15,215		1,423,655
Executive Vice President,		2018		406,202		119,340		—		—		35,136		8,429		569,107
Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		386,859		79,936		—		—		137,891		7,541		612,227

Paul A. Evangelista		2019		426,512		128,887		—		—		1,338,790		17,397		1,911,586
Executive Vice President,		2018		406,202		119,340		—		—		3,581		12,317		541,440
Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		386,859		79,936		—		—		488,865		8,814		964,474

Brian J. Feeney		2019		387,819		108,000		—		—		1,156,834		22,229		1,674,882
Executive Vice President,		2018		369,351		100,000		—		—		55,544		22,959		547,854
Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		351,763		77,986		—		—		552,360		17,555		999,664

William P. Hornby		2019		387,804		108,000		—		—		965,412		20,500		1,481,716
Chief Financial Officer and		2018		369,338		100,000		—		—		—		20,583		489,921
Treasurer, Century Bancorp, Inc. and Century Bank and Trust Company		2017		351,750		78,000		—		—		439,310		14,914		883,974

(1)

The amount listed in all other compensation includes amounts attributable to term insurance premiums paid for the Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Plan, matching contribution for the 401(k) plan, excess group life insurance premiums and long-term disability premiums and, as applicable, country club membership dues and taxable expense reimbursements.

(2)	The amount, for 2019 includes payments made to Marshall M. Sloane prior to his death. This includes $119,188 for consulting services, $14,200 for Director fees, and $28,303 for health insurance premiums and Medicare reimbursements.

109

Pension Benefits

The following table sets forth information concerning plans that provide for payments or other benefits at, following, or in connection with, retirement for each Named Executive Officer.

PENSION BENEFITS TABLE

Name

Plan Name

Number of Years
Credited Service (#)

Present Value
of Accumulated
Benefit
12/31/2019
($)(1)

Payments
During Last
Fiscal Year
12/31/2019
($)

Marshall M. Sloane (Deceased 2019)

Defined Benefit

—

23,565

Chairman of the Board

Pension Plan

Barry R. Sloane

Defined Benefit

449,790

—

Chairman, President and CEO

Pension Plan

Linda Sloane Kay

Defined Benefit

604,103

—

Vice Chair

Pension Plan

David B. Woonton

Defined Benefit

1,091,315

—

Executive Vice President,
Century Bank and Trust Company

Pension Plan

Paul A. Evangelista

Defined Benefit

862,566

—

Executive Vice President,
Century Bank and Trust Company

Pension Plan

Brian J. Feeney

Defined Benefit

931,599

—

Executive Vice President,
Century Bank and Trust Company

Pension Plan

William P. Hornby(2)

Defined Benefit

—

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Pension Plan

(1)	The present value of accumulated benefits was calculated with the assumption that retirement occurs at age 65. The benefit is calculated using an interest rate of 2.99% and was based on Amount-WeightedPri-2012 Mortality Tables with ScaleMP-2019.

(2)	Not a member of the Defined Benefit Pension Plan.

110

SUPPLEMENTAL EXECUTIVE INSURANCE/RETIREMENT BENEFITS

Name

Plan Name

Number of
Years
Credited
Service
(#)

Present Value of
Accumulated
Benefit-
12/31/2019
($)(1)

Payments
During
Last Fiscal
Year-
12/31/2019
($)

Marshall M. Sloane
(Deceased 2019) (2)

Supplemental Executive

—

130,910

Chairman of the Board

Insurance/Retirement Plan

Barry R. Sloane(2)

Supplemental Executive

9,488,578

—

Chairman, President and CEO

Insurance/Retirement Plan

Linda Sloane Kay(2)

Supplemental Executive

3,224,477

—

Vice Chair

Insurance/Retirement Plan

David B. Woonton(2)

Supplemental Executive

3,960,374

—

Executive Vice President, Century Bank and Trust Company

Insurance/Retirement Plan

Paul A. Evangelista(2)

Supplemental Executive

3,820,406

—

Executive Vice President,
Century Bank and Trust Company

Insurance/Retirement Plan

Brian J. Feeney(2)

Supplemental Executive

2,866,747

—

Executive Vice President,
Century Bank and Trust Company

Insurance/Retirement Plan

William P. Hornby(2)

Supplemental Executive

2,461,742

—

Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer

Insurance/Retirement Plan

(1)

The present value of accumulated benefits was calculated with the assumption that retirement occurs at age 65. The benefit is calculated using an interest rate of 3.71% and the mortality table was revised from theMP-2018 White Collar Mortality Table to the Amount-WeightedPri-2012 White Collar Mortality Table, adjusted for mortality improvements with the ScaleMP-2019 mortality improvements scale on a generational basis.

(2)	As of January 1, 2018, Messrs. Marshall M. Sloane, Barry R. Sloane, Paul A. Evangelista, David B. Woonton, Brian J. Feeney, Linda Sloane Kay and William P. Hornby were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 77.5%, 70.0% and 70.0% vested, respectively, under the Supplemental Executive Insurance/Retirement Plan.

111

Director Compensation

Directors not employed by the Company receive a $19,600 retainer per year, $350 per Company Board meeting attended, $900 per Bank Board meeting attended and $750 per committee meeting attended. Joseph Senna receives $2,400 per Audit Committee meeting as Chairman of the Audit Committee.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION TABLE 2019


Name	Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)		All Other Compensation ($)		Total ($)

George R. Baldwin		43,800		—		43,800

Stephen R. Delinsky		39,300		—		39,300

Louis Grossman		43,800		—		43,800

Russell B. Higley		38,550		—		38,550

Jackie Jenkins-Scott		42,150		—		42,150

Linda Sloane Kay		—		—		—

Fraser Lemley		43,650		—		43,650

Joseph P. Mercurio		36,750		—		36,750

Joseph J. Senna		50,400		—		50,400

Jo Ann Simons		43,800		—		43,800

Barry R. Sloane		—		—		—

Marshall M. Sloane (Deceased 2019) (1)		—		—		—

George F. Swansburg (2)		47,550		14,500		62,050

Jon Westling (Retired 2019)		9,800		—		9,800

(1)	Amounts paid are listed in the Summary Compensation Table.

(2)	The amount listed in all other compensation is for serving as Administrator of Century Bancorp Capital Trust II.

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The following table sets forth certain information as to the number and percentage of shares of Class A and Class B Common Stock beneficially owned as of December 31, 2019, (i) by each person known by the Company to own beneficially more than 5% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Class A or Class B Common Stock, (ii) by each of the Company’s directors and executive officers; and (iii) by all directors and executive officers as a group. As of December 31, 2019, there were 3,650,949 shares of Class A Common Stock and 1,916,960 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.

112


Name and Address of Beneficial Owner	Class A Owned				% A Owned			Class B Owned		% B Owned
James J. Filler		735,332	(4	)		20.14	%
2964 Shook Hill Parkway, Birmingham, AL 35223
BlackRock, Inc.		210,916	(5	)		5.78	%
55 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10055
Sloane Family Enterprises, Limited Partnership		8,146				0.22	%		1,721,841		89.82	%
400 Mystic Avenue, Medford, MA 02155
George R. Baldwin(a)		5,819				0.16	%
Stephen R. Delinsky(a)		3,003	(3	)		0.08	%
Paul A. Evangelista(b)		8,002				0.22	%
Brian J. Feeney(b)		1,979				0.05	%
Louis Grossman(a)		100				0.00	%
Russell B. Higley, Esquire(a)		4,602				0.13	%
William P. Hornby(b)		500				0.01	%
Jackie Jenkins-Scott(a)		40				0.00	%
Linda Sloane Kay(a)(b)		25,159	(1	)		0.69	%		60,000		3.13	%
Fraser Lemley(a)		23,764				0.65	%
Joseph P. Mercurio(a)		100				0.00	%
Joseph J. Senna(a)		25,001				0.68	%
Jo Ann Simons		300				0.01	%
Barry R. Sloane(a)(b)		8,856	(2	)		0.24	%
George F. Swansburg(a)		32,251				0.88	%
David B. Woonton(b)		800				0.02	%
All directors and officers as a group (17 in number)		148,422				4.07	%		1,781,841		92.95	%

(a)	Denotes director of the Company.

(b)	Denotes officer of the Company or one of its subsidiaries.

(1)	Includes 10,254 shares owned by Ms. Kay’s spouse, 10,927 shares held in trust for Ms. Kay’s children and 3,105 shares owned by the Marshall M. and Barbara J. Sloane Private Foundation.

(2)	Includes 918 shares held in trust for Mr. Barry Sloane’s children and 72 shares owned by Mr. Barry Sloane’s spouse. Includes 3,111 shares pledged and 3,105 shares owned by the Marshall M. and Barbara J. Sloane Private Foundation.

(3)	Includes 261 shares owned by Mr. Delinsky’s children.

(4)	The Company has relied upon the information set forth in the Form 4 filed with the SEC by James J. Filler on January 6, 2020.

(5)	The Company has relied upon the information set forth in the Schedule 13G filed with the SEC by BlackRock, Inc. on February 7, 2020.

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Certain Directors and Officers of the Company and Bank and members of their immediate family are at present, as in the past, customers of the Bank and have transactions with the Bank in the ordinary course of business. In addition, certain of the Directors are at present, as in the past, also Directors, Officers or Stockholders of corporations or members of partnerships that are customers of the Bank and have transactions with the Bank in the ordinary course of business. Such transactions with Directors and Officers of the Company and the Bank and their families and with such corporations and partnerships were made in the ordinary course of business, were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral on loans, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons, and did not involve more than the normal risk of collectibility or present other features unfavorable to the Bank. The Directors annually approve amounts to be paid to related parties for services rendered. The Company reviews related party transactions monthly.

113

NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ”) rules, and our governance principles, require that at least a majority of our Board be composed of “independent” directors. All of our directors other than Barry R. Sloane, Linda Sloane Kay, and George F. Swansburg are “independent” within the meaning of both the NASDAQ rules and our own corporate governance principles. Nine of our fourteen directors, therefore, are currently “independent” directors.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The Audit Committee separatelypre-approves each of the following services, in compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and SEC regulations, before they are rendered by the auditor: financial statement audit, attestation, preparation of tax returns and audit of 401(k) and pension plans. The Audit Committee’spre-approval procedures, in compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and SEC regulations, allow the Company’s auditors to perform certain services without specific permission from the Audit Committee, as long as these services comply with the following requirements: (a) the services consist of special projects relating to strategic tax savings initiatives, corporate tax structure engagements or merger and acquisition consulting; (b) aggregate special project services cannot exceed $50,000 during the calendar year; and (c) the Audit Committee must be informed about each service at its next scheduled meeting. All other services provided by the Company’s auditor must be separatelypre-approved before they are rendered.


Description of Fees	Fiscal 2019 Amount		Fiscal 2018 Amount
Audit fees(1)	$	610,000	$	500,000
Audit-related fees		—		—
Tax fees(2)		53,000		51,500
Other fees		—		—

	$	663,000	$	551,500

(1)	includes fees for annual audit, review of quarterly financial statements, and internal control attestations.

(2)	includes fees for tax compliance and tax consulting.

114

PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements.

The following financial statements of the company and its subsidiaries are presented in Item 8:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets — December 31, 2019 and 2018

Consolidated Statements of Income — Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity-Years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows-Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(2)Financial Statement Schedules

All schedules are omitted because either the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes incorporated by reference, or they are not applicable, or the data is not significant.

115

(3) Exhibits


3.1		Certificate of Incorporation of Century Bancorp, Inc., incorporated by reference previously filed with registrant’s initial registration statement on FormS-1 dated May 20, 1987 (RegistrationNo. 33-13281).^(p)

3.2		Bylaws of Century Bancorp, Inc., Amended October 9, 2007, incorporated by reference previously filed with the September 30, 200710-Q.

3.3		Articles of Amendment of Century Bancorp, Inc. Articles of Organization effective January 9, 2009, incorporated by reference previously filed with an8-K filed on April 29, 2009.

4.1		Form of Common Stock Certificate of the Company, incorporated by reference previously filed with registrant’s initial registration statement on FormS-1 dated May 20, 1987 (RegistrationNo. 33-13281).^(p)

4.2		Century Bancorp, Inc. 401(K) Plan, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 15, 2019.

4.3		Registration Statement relating to the 8.30% Junior Subordinated Debentures issued by Century Bancorp Capital Trust, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s FormS-2 filed on April 23, 1998.

4.4		Description of Registrant’s Securities (filed herewith).

10.1		2000 Stock Option Plan, as amended on December 30, 2005, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 16, 2006.

10.2		Supplemental Executive Retirement Benefit with Marshall M. Sloane, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 26, 2003.

10.3		The Century Bancorp, Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement and Insurance Plan, as amended and restated effective as of December 31, 2016, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 15, 2018.

10.4		2004 Stock Option Plan, as amended on December 30, 2005, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 16, 2006.

10.5		Century Bancorp Capital Trust II Purchase Agreement dated November 30, 2004, between Century Bancorp Capital Trust II and the Company and Sandler O’Neill Partners, L.P., First Tennessee Bank National Association and Keefe, Bruyette and Woods, Inc., incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 15, 2005.

10.6		Century Bancorp Capital Trust II Indenture, dated December 2, 2004, between the Company and Wilmington Trust Company, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 15, 2005.

10.7		Century Bancorp Capital Trust II Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust, dated December 2, 2004, between the Trustees of Century Bancorp Capital Trust II, the Administrator, the Company and Sponsors, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 15, 2005.

10.8		Century Bancorp, Inc. Guarantee Agreement, dated December 2, 2004, between the Century Bancorp, Inc. and Wilmington Trust Company, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 15, 2005.

10.9		Consulting Services Agreement among Century Bancorp, Inc., Century Bank and Trust Company and Marshall M. Sloane dated as of April 14, 2006, incorporated by reference previously filed with an8-K filed on April 17, 2006.

116



10.10		Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of August 14, 2007, with C&S Capital Properties, LLC, incorporated by reference previously filed with an8-K filed on August 17, 2007.

10.11		Commercial Lease, dated as of August 14, 2007, with C&S Capital Properties, LLC, incorporated by reference previously filed with an8-K filed on August 17, 2007.

10.12		Severance agreement among Century Bancorp, Inc., Century Bank and Trust Company and Jonathan G. Sloane dated April 30, 2010 incorporated by reference previously filed with an8-K on May 14, 2010.

14		Code of ethics, incorporated by reference previously filed with the registrant’s Annual Report on Form10-K filed on March 9, 2016.

21		Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

23.1		Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

31.1		Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Company Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules13a-14 and15d-14.

31.2		Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules13a-14 and15d-14.

32.1 +		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2 +		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

99.1		Audit Committee Charter, incorporated by reference previously filed with a10-K filed on March 15, 2019.

101.INS*		XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.

101.CAL*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.

101.LAB*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.

101.PRE*		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase.

101.DEF*		XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase.

(P)		Paper filing

This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

*	As provided in Rule 406T of RegulationS-T, this information is filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(b) Exhibits required by Item 601 of RegulationS-K.

See (a)(3) above for exhibits filed herewith.

(c) Financial Statement required by RegulationS-X.

Schedules to Consolidated Financial Statements required by RegulationS-X are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable, and therefore have been omitted.

ITEM 16.

FORM10-K SUMMARY

Not applicable.

117

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 13^th day of March, 2020.


Century Bancorp, Inc.

By:		/s/ Barry R. Sloane
		Barry R. Sloane, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated and on the date indicated.



/s/ George R. Baldwin				/s/ Joseph Senna
George R. Baldwin, Director				Joseph Senna, Director

/s/ Stephen R. Delinsky				/s/ Jo Ann Simons
Stephen R. Delinsky, Director				Jo Ann Simons, Director

/s/ Louis J. Grossman				/s/ Barry R. Sloane
Louis J. Grossman, Director				Barry R. Sloane, Director, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Russell B. Higley				/s/ George F. Swansburg
Russell B. Higley, Esquire, Director				George F. Swansburg, Director

/s/ Jackie Jenkins-Scott				/s/ William P. Hornby
Jackie Jenkins-Scott, Director				William P. Hornby, CPA, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

/s/ Linda Sloane Kay				/s/ Anthony C. LaRosa
Linda Sloane Kay, Director, Vice Chair				Anthony C. LaRosa, CPA, Senior Vice President, Century Bank and Trust Company, Principal Accounting Officer

/s/ Fraser Lemley
Fraser Lemley, Director

/s/ Joseph P. Mercurio
Joseph P. Mercurio, Director

118

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	8th grade Bad

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company