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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d)
OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarter Ended April 4, 2004
Commission File Number 0-16852
KOMAG, INCORPORATED
Incorporated in the State of Delaware
I.R.S. Employer Identification Number 94-2914864
1710 Automation Parkway, San Jose, California 95131
Telephone: (408) 576-2000
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act rule 12b-2). Yes [ X ] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes [X] No [ ]
On April 4, 2004, 27,502,080 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, were issued and outstanding.
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INDEX
KOMAG, INCORPORATED
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
KOMAG, INCORPORATED
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months | Three Months | |||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||
Apr 4, 2004 | Mar 30, 2003 | |||||||
Net sales | $ | 123,585 | $ | 105,515 | ||||
Cost of sales | 86,656 | 82,739 | ||||||
Gross profit | 36,929 | 22,776 | ||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||
Research, development, and engineering | 11,622 | 9,909 | ||||||
Selling, general, and administrative | 5,354 | 4,562 | ||||||
Gain on disposal of assets | (190 | ) | (861 | ) | ||||
16,786 | 13,610 | |||||||
Operating income | 20,143 | 9,166 | ||||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||
Interest income | 281 | 108 | ||||||
Interest expense | (1,862 | ) | (3,385 | ) | ||||
Other, net | (50 | ) | 196 | |||||
(1,631 | ) | (3,081 | ) | |||||
Income before income taxes | 18,512 | 6,085 | ||||||
Provision for income taxes | 539 | 1,031 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 17,973 | $ | 5,054 | ||||
Basic net income per share | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.22 | ||||
Diluted net income per share | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
Number of shares used in basic per share computations | 26,307 | 23,297 | ||||||
Number of shares used in diluted per share computations | 27,662 | 23,934 | ||||||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KOMAG, INCORPORATED
(In thousands)
Apr 4, 2004 | Dec 28, 2003 | |||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 80,858 | $ | 70,058 | ||||
Accounts receivable (less allowances of $1,490 and $1,064, respectively) | 72,565 | 60,628 | ||||||
Inventories | 38,644 | 25,501 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and deposits | 1,712 | 2,756 | ||||||
Total current assets | 193,779 | 158,943 | ||||||
Property, plant, and equipment, net | 198,582 | 184,536 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 3,358 | 4,257 | ||||||
Other assets | 3,124 | 71 | ||||||
$ | 398,843 | $ | 347,807 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities | ||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt | $ | — | $ | 20,247 | ||||
Trade accounts payable | 48,964 | 40,117 | ||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 16,934 | 25,054 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 65,898 | 85,418 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 80,500 | 95,801 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 146,398 | 181,219 | ||||||
Stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share: | ||||||||
Authorized—50,000 shares | ||||||||
Issued and outstanding—27,502 and 23,753 shares, respectively | 275 | 238 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 240,277 | 172,457 | ||||||
Deferred stock-based compensation | (201 | ) | (228 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | 12,094 | (5,879 | ) | |||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 252,445 | 166,588 | ||||||
$ | 398,843 | $ | 347,807 | |||||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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KOMAG, INCORPORATED
(In thousands)
Three Months | Three Months | |||||||
Ended | Ended | |||||||
Apr 4, 2004 | Mar 30, 2003 | |||||||
Operating Activities | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 17,973 | $ | 5,054 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant, and equipment | 9,464 | 10,590 | ||||||
Amortization and adjustments of intangible assets | 1,060 | 933 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 235 | 812 | ||||||
Non-cash interest charges | 321 | 1,642 | ||||||
Gain on disposal of assets | (190 | ) | (861 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | (11,937 | ) | (2,059 | ) | ||||
Inventories | (13,143 | ) | 82 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and deposits | 324 | 1,929 | ||||||
Trade accounts payable | 9,220 | (961 | ) | |||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | (7,773 | ) | (846 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 5,554 | 16,315 | ||||||
Investing Activities | ||||||||
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (23,706 | ) | (4,005 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment | 386 | 861 | ||||||
Other | (161 | ) | (140 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (23,481 | ) | (3,284 | ) | ||||
Financing Activities | ||||||||
Payment of debt | (116,341 | ) | (215 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt | 77,419 | — | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of issuance costs | 67,649 | — | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 28,727 | (215 | ) | |||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 10,800 | 12,816 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 70,058 | 23,520 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 80,858 | $ | 36,336 | ||||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
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KOMAG, INCORPORATED
(UNAUDITED)
APRIL 4, 2004
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial position, operating results, and cash flows for the periods presented, have been included. Operating results for the three months ended April 4, 2004, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending January 2, 2005.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances in order to conform to the current period presentation.
Fiscal Year:The Company uses a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Sunday closest to December 31. Because the Company’s 2004 fiscal year will contain 53 weeks, the three-month reporting period ended April 4, 2004 included in this report includes 14 weeks. All other quarters of 2004 will include 13 weeks. The three-month reporting period ended March 30, 2003 included in this report consisted of 13 weeks.
Inventories:Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market, and consist of the following (in thousands):
Apr 4, 2004 | Dec 28, 2003 | |||||||
Raw materials | $ | 18,309 | $ | 13,525 | ||||
Work in process | 8,397 | 6,134 | ||||||
Finished goods | 11,938 | 5,842 | ||||||
$ | 38,644 | $ | 25,501 | |||||
Stock-Based Compensation:The Company uses the intrinsic value method to account for employee stock-based compensation. The intrinsic value method is in accordance with the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Accordingly, compensation cost is recorded on the date of grant to the extent that the fair value of the underlying share of common stock exceeds the exercise price for a stock option or the purchase price for a share of common stock.
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In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure - an Amendment of SFAS No. 123, the Company provides pro forma disclosure of the effect on net income and earnings per share had the fair value method, as prescribed by SFAS No. 123, been used.
The following table reflects the effect on the Company’s net income and income per share had the fair value method been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards. The table is in thousands, except per share data.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
Apr 4, 2004 | Mar 30, 2003 | |||||||
Net income, as reported | $ | 17,973 | $ | 5,054 | ||||
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects of zero | 235 | 812 | ||||||
Deduct: Stock-based compensation expense determined under the fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects of zero | (987 | ) | (922 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income | $ | 17,221 | $ | 4,944 | ||||
Net income per share: | ||||||||
Basic - as reported | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.22 | ||||
Diluted - as reported | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
Basic - pro forma | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
Diluted - pro forma | $ | 0.62 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
For pro forma disclosure purposes, the Company used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of each option and stock purchase right grant on the date of grant.
The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of option grants in the first three months of 2004 and 2003: risk-free interest rates of 2.46% and 2.68%, respectively; volatility factors of the expected market price of the Company’s common stock of 82.6% and 87.1%, respectively; and a weighted-average expected option life of 4.0 years. The weighted-average fair value of options granted during the first three months of 2004 and 2003 was $11.58 and $4.32, respectively.
The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of employee purchase rights under the Amended and Restated 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) for the first three months of 2004 and 2003: risk-free interest rates of 1.00% and 1.18%, respectively; volatility factors of 73.5% and 62.2%, respectively; and weighted-average expected purchase rights lives of six months. The weighted-average fair value of those purchase rights granted in the first three months of 2004 and 2003 was $4.64 and $1.77,
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respectively.
Because the Company does not pay dividends, there was no dividend yield included in the pro forma disclosure calculation.
Net Income Per Share:The Company determines net income per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share.
Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares and dilutive potential shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of outstanding options and stock purchase rights is reflected in diluted net income per share by application of the treasury stock method.
The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share. The table is in thousands, except per share amounts.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
Apr 4, 2004 | Mar 30, 2003 | |||||||
Numerator: Net income | $ | 17,973 | $ | 5,054 | ||||
Denominator for basic income per share - weighted average shares | 26,307 | 23,297 | ||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: | ||||||||
Stock purchase rights | 198 | 529 | ||||||
Stock options | 629 | 108 | ||||||
Warrants | 528 | — | ||||||
Denominator for dilutive income per share | 27,662 | 23,934 | ||||||
Basic net income per share | $ | 0.68 | $ | 0.22 | ||||
Diluted net income per share | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.21 | ||||
Incremental common shares attributable to outstanding common stock options (assuming proceeds would be used to purchase treasury stock) of approximately 17,741 for the three months ended April 4, 2004, and 114,640 for the three months ended March 30, 2003 were not included in the diluted net income per share computation because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
Incremental common shares attributable to outstanding warrants (assuming proceeds would be used to purchase treasury stock) of approximately 1,000,000 for the three months ended March 30, 2003 were not included in the diluted net income per share computation because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements:In December 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised December 2003),Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities(FIN 46R), which addresses how a business enterprise should evaluate whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity through means other than voting rights and accordingly should consolidate the entity. FIN 46R replaces FASB Interpretation No. 46,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities(VIE), which was issued in January 2003. The Company is required to apply FIN 46R to variable interests in VIEs created after December 31, 2003. For variable interests in VIEs created before January 1, 2004, the Interpretation will be applied beginning on January 1, 2005. For any VIEs that must be consolidated under FIN 46R that were created before January 1, 2004, the assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests of the VIE initially would be measured at their carrying amounts with any difference between the net amount added to the balance sheet and any previously recognized interest being recognized as the cumulative effect of an accounting change. If determining the carrying amounts is not practicable, fair value at the date FIN 46R first applies may be used to measure the assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interest of the VIE. The Company adopted FIN46R on the first day of its 2004 fiscal year. The adoption of FIN 46R did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104,Revenue Recognition(SAB 104), which superceded Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101,Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements(SAB 101). SAB 104 rescinds accounting guidance contained in SAB 101 related to multiple element revenue arrangements, superceded as a result of the issuance of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21 (EITF 00-21),Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Additionally, SAB 104 rescinds the SEC’sRevenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers(the FAQ) issued with SAB 101 that had been codified in SEC topic 13,Revenue Recognition. While the wording of SAB 104 has changed to reflect the issuance of EITF 00-21, the revenue recognition principles of SAB 101 remain largely unchanged by the issuance of SAB 104. The Company adopted SAB 104 on the first day of its 2004 fiscal year. The adoption of SAB 104 did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
Note 2. Major Customers
The following table reflects the percentage of the Company’s revenue by major customer:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
Apr 4, 2004 | Mar 30, 2003 | |||||||
Maxtor Corporation | 45 | % | 35 | % | ||||
Hitachi Global Storage Technologies | 21 | % | 7 | % | ||||
Western Digital Corporation | 19 | % | 48 | % | ||||
Seagate | 8 | % | — | |||||
IBM | — | 9 | % |
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Note 3. Income Taxes
The Company’s wholly-owned thin-film media operation, Komag USA (Malaysia) Sdn. (KMS), received an eight-year extension of its tax holiday for its first plant site in Malaysia. The extension provides a tax holiday through June 2011. The extended tax holiday applies to income generated by sales of disk products using new technologies. KMS has also been granted additional tax holidays for its second and third plant sites in Malaysia. These tax holidays are effective through December 2006 and 2008, respectively. A substantial majority of the Company’s income is generated by sales of disk products covered by these tax holidays.
The Company’s estimated annual effective income tax rate for 2004 is 3% and includes taxes on income generated by sales of product no longer covered under the tax holiday at the Company’s first Malaysian plant site and other tax expenses related to the Company’s international and U.S. operations.
The Company’s income tax provision of $1.0 million for the first quarter of 2003 represented foreign withholding taxes on royalty and interest payments. In the third quarter of 2003, the Company received approval from the Malaysian Ministry of Finance for the exemption of withholding tax on royalty payments made by its Malaysian operations to its subsidiary in the Netherlands. The exemption is for a period of five years effective retroactively from January 2002 through December 2006. Therefore, in the first quarter of 2003, the Company still had an accrual for foreign withholding taxes on royalty and interest payments. The Company reversed the accrual and recorded an income tax benefit of $0.8 million in the third quarter of 2003. The withholding taxes are no longer payable.
In the first quarter of 2004, the Company utilized $1.6 million of Malaysian capital allowances and net operating loss carryforwards ($0.5 million tax-effected). Upon emergence from chapter 11 bankruptcy on June 30, 2002, the Company provided a full valuation allowance against all tax assets; therefore, upon utilization of the capital allowance and net operating loss carryforwards in the first quarter of 2004, the Company made a $0.5 million reduction to intangible assets. The $0.5 million reduction was allocated to reduce the VPA by $0.3 million and developed technology by $0.2 million.
The use of the Company’s net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards generated by the Predecessor Company (prior to emergence from chapter 11 bankruptcy) will be accounted for first as a credit to intangible assets when they are utilized, and then to additional paid-in capital after the intangible assets have been reduced to zero.
Note 4. Intangible Assets
As of April 4, 2004, intangible assets included three items. A volume purchase agreement (VPA) of $7.7 million (less accumulated amortization of $4.5 million and tax-related adjustments of $1.3 million) is included in intangible assets. The net book value of the VPA will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful life of twelve months. In addition, developed technology of $3.1 million (less accumulated amortization of $1.5 million and tax-related adjustments of $0.7 million) is included in intangible assets. The net book value of the developed technology will be amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated remaining useful life of twenty-one months. Lastly, patent costs of $0.7 million (less
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accumulated amortization of $0.1 million) are included in intangible assets. In the first quarter of 2004 and 2003, amortization and adjustments of intangible assets totaled $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Note 5. Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities
The following table summarizes accrued expenses and other liabilities balances at April 4, 2004 and December 28, 2003 (in thousands):
Apr 4, 2004 | Dec 28, 2003 | |||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | $ | 13,354 | $ | 20,608 | ||||
Other liabilities | 3,580 | 4,446 | ||||||
$ | 16,934 | $ | 25,054 | |||||
Note 6. Debt and Equity Offerings
On January 28, 2004, the Company announced the closing of its offering of $80.5 million of 2.0% Convertible Subordinated Notes (the Notes). The Notes mature on February 1, 2024, bear interest at 2.0%, and require semiannual interest payments beginning on August 1, 2004. The Notes will be convertible, under certain circumstances, into shares of the Company’s common stock based on an initial effective conversion price of $26.40. Holders of the Notes may convert the Notes into shares of the Company’s common stock prior to maturity if: 1) the sale price of the Company’s common stock exceeds a specified threshold; 2) the trading price of the Notes falls below a specified threshold prior to February 19, 2019; 3) the Notes have been called for redemption; or 4) specified corporate transactions (as described in the Prospectus) occur. The Company may redeem the Notes on or after February 6, 2007, at specified declining redemption premiums. Holders of the Notes may require the Company to purchase the Notes on February 1, 2011, 2014, or 2019, or upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
There are no financial covenants, guarantees, or collateral associated with the Notes. In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company incurred $3.1 million of loan fees. The loan fees, which are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the 20-year life of the Notes. On April 4, 2004, unamortized loan fees were $3.1 million.
On January 28, 2004, the Company sold 3,525,000 shares of its common stock at $20.00 per share. The proceeds from the sale of the common stock, net of $4.1 million of issuance costs, were $66.4 million.
The combined net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes and the common stock were $143.8 million.
In February 2004, the Company used the proceeds from the January 2004 debt and equity offerings to repay in full $116.3 million of previously outstanding Senior Secured Notes and certain other
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promissory notes. The previously outstanding debt bore a weighted-average interest rate of 9.5%. There was no gain or loss recognized on the repayment of the debt. Additionally, the Company terminated an unused credit facility with limited borrowing availability in January 2004.
Note 7. Asset Purchase
In February 2004, the Company purchased a Malaysian substrate manufacturing facility for $10.0 million from Trace Storage Technology Corporation (Trace). The purchase included land, building, and equipment. The Company is manufacturing aluminum ground substrates and plated and polished substrates in this factory for its own use. Additionally, the Company is selling Trace a portion of the output under a supply agreement entered into in connection with the purchase.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in Part I., Financial Information, Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this report.
The following discussion contains predictions, estimates, and other forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties about our business. These statements may be identified by the use of words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” and similar expressions. In addition, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about our beliefs, estimates, or plans about our ability to maintain low manufacturing and operating costs and costs per unit, our ability to estimate revenues, shipping volumes, pricing pressures, returns, reserves, demand for our disks, selling, general, and administrative expenses, taxes, research, development, and engineering expenses, spending on property, plant, and equipment, expected sales of disks and the market for disk drives generally and certain customers specifically, and our beliefs regarding our liquidity needs.
The Company’s business is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. While this discussion represents our current judgment on the future direction of our business, these risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from any future performance suggested herein. Some of the important factors that may influence possible differences are continued competitive factors, technological developments, pricing pressures, changes in customer demand, and general economic conditions, as well as those discussed below in “Risk Factors.” We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of such statements. Readers should review “Risk Factors” below, as well as other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time.
Results of Operations
Overview
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Our net sales are driven by the level of demand for disks by disk drive manufacturers and the average selling prices of our disks. Demand for our disks is dependent on unit growth in the disk drive market, the growth of storage capacity in disk drives, which affects the number of disks needed per drive, and the number of disks our customers purchase from external suppliers. Average selling prices are dependent on overall supply and demand for disks and our product mix.
Our business is capital-intensive and is characterized by high fixed costs, making it imperative that we sell disks in high volume. Our contribution margin per disk sold varies with changes in selling price, input material costs and production yield. As demand for our disks increases, our total contribution margin increases, improving our financial results because we do not have to increase our fixed cost structure in proportion to increases in demand and resultant capacity utilization. Conversely, our financial results would deteriorate rapidly if the disk market were to worsen and our production volume were to decrease.
Because our 2004 fiscal year will contain 53 weeks, the three-month reporting period ended April 4, 2004 included in this report includes 14 weeks. The three-month reporting period ended March 30, 2003 included in this report consisted of 13 weeks.
Net Sales
Consolidated net sales increased by 17.1%, to $123.6 million in the first quarter of 2004, from $105.5 million in the first quarter of 2003. The overall increase primarily reflected an increase in finished unit sales volume, to 19.2 million units in the first quarter of 2004 from 16.7 million units in the first quarter of 2003, and an increase in the finished unit average selling price, to $5.94 in the first quarter of 2004 from $5.57 in the first quarter of 2003. The finished unit shipment increase in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the same period in 2003 resulted from a combination of an additional fiscal week in the first quarter of 2004, an overall improvement in industry conditions, and an expansion of our customer base.
Sales of 80GB per platter disks increased to 79% of net sales in the first quarter of 2004, compared to 11% in the same period of 2003. The increase reflected the continued customer evolution to higher storage densities. Our customers completed the transition from 40 GB to 80 GB programs in the first quarter of 2004.
Finished disk shipments for desktop and consumer applications together represented 89% of our first quarter of 2004 unit shipment volume. The remaining finished disk shipments (11%) in the first quarter of 2004 were disks for high-end server (enterprise) drives.
Net other disk sales in the first quarter of 2004 were $9.6 million, compared to $12.4 million in the first quarter of 2003. Aluminum substrate and polished disk sales were higher in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003. However, lower textured disk sales accounted for the overall decrease. Aluminum substrates are now being sold to Trace Storage Technology Corporation (Trace) under a new supply agreement that began in January 2004. Disk substrate sales vary from period to period based on customer requirements.
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Based on current customer demand, which reflects the traditional seasonally soft second quarter, combined with returning to the normal thirteen-week quarter, we expect total revenue for the second quarter of 2004 to be down approximately 15% from the first quarter of 2004.
In the first quarter of 2004, sales to Maxtor Corporation (Maxtor), Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (HGST), Western Digital Corporation (Western Digital), and Seagate Technology (Seagate) accounted for 45%, 21%, 19%, and 8%, respectively, of our revenues. In the first quarter of 2003, sales to Maxtor, HGST, Western Digital, and Seagate accounted for 35%, 7%, 48%, and 0%, respectively, of our revenue. We expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our sales from Western Digital, Maxtor, HGST, and Seagate.
Gross Profit
Our overall gross profit percentage for the first quarter of 2004 was 29.9%, an 8.3 point increase compared to a gross profit percentage of 21.6% for the first quarter of 2003. Higher finished unit average selling prices in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003 accounted for 4.9 points of the increase. The economies of scale associated with higher sales and production volumes (as discussed above) in the first quarter of 2004 significantly lowered our fixed cost per disk, in spite of the fact that we had an extra week of fixed costs in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003. Further, our variable material costs per disk improved in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003. These improvements in our fixed and variable costs per disk accounted for the remaining 3.4 points of the gross profit percentage increase.
We expect to maintain our variable cost per unit at levels similar to the first quarter of 2004 while continuing to advance our technology. We expect our fixed cost per unit in the remainder of 2004 to vary based on changes in production volumes from the level achieved in the first three months of 2004.
Research, Development, and Engineering Expenses
Research, development, and engineering (R&D) expenses of $11.6 million in the first quarter of 2004 were $1.7 million higher compared to the $9.9 million in the first quarter of 2003. The increase primarily reflected a $1.4 million non-recurring payroll-related charge and an additional week of expenses in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003. We expect R&D spending in the second quarter of 2004 to be lower than the first quarter of 2004 due to the lack of the non-recurring charge and the return to a thirteen-week fiscal quarter.
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses of $5.4 million in the first quarter of 2004 were $0.8 million higher compared to the $4.6 million incurred in the first quarter of 2003. The increase primarily reflected an additional week of expenses in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the first quarter of 2003. Because we are returning to a thirteen-week quarter, we expect SG&A spending in the second quarter of 2004 to be lower than the first quarter of 2004.
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Interest Expense
Interest expense in the first quarter of 2004 was $1.9 million, including $1.6 million of interest expense on the Senior Secured Notes and certain promissory notes, and $0.3 million of interest expense on the new $80.5 million, 2% Convertible Subordinated Notes, which were issued on January 28, 2004. The Senior Secured Notes and promissory notes were redeemed in full, including accrued interest, in February 2004. There was no gain or loss on the redemption, and there were no unamortized debt issuance costs.
In the first quarter of 2003, we recorded $3.4 million in interest expense. This amount included interest expense on the Senior Secured Notes and promissory notes.
Income Taxes
Our wholly-owned thin-film media operation, Komag USA (Malaysia) Sdn. (KMS), received an eight-year extension of its tax holiday for its first plant site in Malaysia. The extension provides a tax holiday through June 2011. The extended tax holiday applies to income generated by sales of disk products using new technologies. KMS has also been granted additional tax holidays for its second and third plant sites in Malaysia. These tax holidays are effective through December 2006 and 2008, respectively. A substantial majority of our income is generated by sales of disk products covered by these tax holidays.
Our estimated annual effective income tax rate for 2004 is 3% and includes taxes on income generated by sales of product no longer covered under the tax holiday at our first Malaysian plant site and other tax expenses related to our international and U.S. operations.
Our income tax provision of $1.0 million for the first quarter of 2003 represented foreign withholding taxes on royalty and interest payments. In the third quarter of 2003, we received approval from the Malaysian Ministry of Finance for the exemption of withholding tax on royalty payments made by our Malaysian operations to our subsidiary in the Netherlands. The exemption is for a period of five years effective retroactively from January 2002 through December 2006. Therefore, in the first quarter of 2003, we had an accrual for foreign withholding taxes on royalty and interest payments. We reversed the accrual and recorded an income tax benefit of $0.8 million in the third quarter of 2003. The withholding taxes are no longer payable.
Critical Accounting Policies
In the ordinary course of business, we have made a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reporting of results of operations and financial condition in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates if our assumptions are incorrect. We believe that the following discussion addresses our most critical accounting policies. These policies are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results and require management’s most difficult, subjective and complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
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Allowance for Sales Returns
We estimate our allowance for sales returns based on historical data as well as current knowledge of product quality. We have not experienced material differences between our estimated reserves for sales returns and actual results. It is possible that the failure rate on products sold could be higher than it has historically been, which could result in significant changes in future returns.
Since estimated sales returns are recorded as a reduction in revenues, any significant difference between our estimated and actual experience or changes in our estimate would be reflected in our reported revenues in the period we determine that difference.
Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that these assets may be impaired or the estimated useful lives are no longer appropriate. We consider the primary indicators of impairment to include significant decreases in unit volumes, unit prices or significant increases in production costs. We review our long-lived assets for impairment based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets. In the event that these cash flows are not expected to be sufficient to recover the recorded value of the assets, the assets are written down to their estimated fair values utilizing discounted estimates of future cash flows. The discount rate used is based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate at the date of the event that triggers the impairment.
Inventory Obsolescence
Our policy is to provide for inventory obsolescence based upon an estimated obsolescence percentage applied to the inventory based on age, historical trends, and requirements to support forecasted sales. In addition, and as necessary, we may provide additional charges for future known or anticipated events.
There were no significant changes from prior quarter estimates during the first quarter of 2004.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash and cash equivalents of $80.9 million at the end of the first quarter of 2004 increased by $10.8 million from the end of the 2003 fiscal year. The increase primarily reflected the receipt of $77.4 million and $66.4 million in net proceeds from our January 2004 debt and equity offerings, respectively, and a $5.6 million increase resulting from consolidated operating activities, offset by $116.3 million in debt repayments, and $23.7 million of spending on property, plant, and equipment.
Consolidated operating activities generated $5.6 million in cash in the first three months of 2004. The primary components of this change include the following:
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• | net income of $18.0 million, net of non-cash depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment of $9.5 million, $0.6 million of non-cash amortization of intangible assets, a $0.5 million non-cash income tax-related adjustment, $0.3 million of non-cash interest expense, and $0.2 million of amortization of deferred stock-based compensation, less a $0.2 million gain on asset disposals; |
• | an accounts receivable increase of $11.9 million primarily due to the timing of sales during the first quarter of 2004 compared to the timing of sales during the fourth quarter of 2003; |
• | an inventory increase of $13.1 million in anticipation of a planned manufacturing shutdown in the second quarter of 2004 for annual maintenance; |
• | an accounts payable increase of $9.2 million related to the inventory increase; and |
• | an accrued expenses and other liabilities decrease of $7.81 million, which primarily reflected payment of accrued incentive compensation. |
Our total capital spending in the first quarter of 2004 was $23.7 million, which included a portion of the capital expenditures for our capacity expansion as well as the $10.0 million purchase price for the acquisition of the Trace substrate facility. Current non-cancelable capital commitments as of April 4, 2004 totaled $2.9 million. For the remainder of 2004, we plan to spend approximately $37.0 million on property, plant, and equipment for projects designed to increase capacity and improve yield and productivity, as well as to improve equipment capability for the manufacture of advanced products.
On January 28, 2004, we completed the offering of 4.0 million shares of our common stock at $20.00 per share, of which selling security holders sold 0.5 million shares, and $80.5 million of 2.0% Convertible Subordinated Notes (the Notes).
The Notes mature on February 1, 2024, bear interest at 2.0%, and require semiannual interest payments beginning on August 1, 2004. The Notes will be convertible, under certain circumstances, into shares of the Company’s common stock based on an initial effective conversion price of $26.40. Holders of the Notes may convert the Notes into shares of the Company’s common stock prior to maturity if: 1) the sale price of the Company’s common stock exceeds a specified threshold; 2) the trading price of the Notes falls below a specified threshold prior to February 19, 2019; 3) the Notes have been called for redemption; or 4) specified corporate transactions (as described in the offering prospectus) occur. The Company may redeem the Notes on or after February 6, 2007, at specified declining redemption premiums. Holders of the Notes may require the Company to purchase the Notes on February 1, 2011, 2014, or 2019, or upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. There are no financial covenants, guarantees, or collateral associated with the Notes.
On February 26, 2004, we used $116.3 million of the $143.8 million in net proceeds from the offerings to redeem in full the Senior Secured Notes and certain promissory notes, including accrued interest.
We lease our research and administrative facility in San Jose, California under an operating lease. We also lease, and have sublet, another building in San Jose. Both of these leases expire in 2007, and have
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renewal options for five years. We also lease a building, which we no longer occupy, in Santa Rosa, California. This lease expired in April 2004. Additionally, we lease certain equipment under operating leases. These leases expire on various dates through 2008. We have no capital leases.
At April 4, 2004, our long-term debt obligations, operating lease obligations, and unconditional purchase obligations, were as follows (in thousands):
Remainder | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | Thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt Obligations | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 80,500 | $ | 80,500 | ||||||||||||||
Operating Lease Obligations (1) | 2,878 | 3,482 | 3,341 | 415 | 5 | — | 10,121 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unconditional Purchase Obligations (2) | 6,095 | 700 | 40 | — | — | — | 6,835 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Contractual Cash Obligations | $ | 8,973 | $ | 4,182 | $ | 3,381 | $ | 415 | $ | 5 | $ | 80,500 | $ | 97,456 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | These represent gross operating lease obligations, and are not reduced by sublease income. | |||
(2) | Unconditional purchase obligations are defined as agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding, and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum, or variable pricing provisions; and the approximate timing of the transactions. The amounts are based on our contractual commitments; however, it is possible we may negotiate lower payments if we choose to exit these contracts earlier. |
RISK FACTORS
These risks and uncertainties are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or currently deem immaterial may also become important factors that may harm our business. If any of the following risks actually occur, or other unexpected events occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected, the value of our stock could decline, and you may lose part or all of your investment. Further, thisForm 10-Q contains forward-looking statements and actual results may differ significantly from the results contemplated by our forward-looking statements.
Risks Related to Our Business
We have a history of operating losses and emerged from chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2002. Despite operating profitability during each of our five most recent fiscal quarters, we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or improve our profitability in the future.
In 2001, after defaulting on our debt obligations, we filed a voluntary petition for relief under chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. We emerged from chapter 11 bankruptcy in June 2002. Although we have been profitable in our most recent five quarters, we have a history of losses. Due to the factors discussed below in this Risk Factors section, including the very competitive, capital intensive and historically cyclical nature of the disk and disk drive markets on which our business is dependent, we
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cannot assure you that we will be able to sustain or improve our profitability in the future.
Downturns in the disk drive manufacturing market and related markets may decrease our revenues and margins.
The market for our products depends on economic conditions affecting the disk drive manufacturing and related markets, particularly the desktop personal computer market. We believe that a substantial majority of our finished unit sales were incorporated into disk drives manufactured by our customers for the desktop personal computer market. Because of this concentration in a single market, which we expect to continue, our business is tightly linked to the success of the personal computer market. The personal computer market has historically been seasonal and cyclical and has experienced periods of oversupply and reduced production levels, resulting in significantly reduced demand for disks and pricing pressures. The effect of these cycles on suppliers, including disk manufacturers, has been magnified by disk drive manufacturers’ practice of ordering components, including disks, in excess of their needs during periods of rapid growth, thereby increasing the severity of the drop in the demand for components during periods of reduced growth or contraction. Accordingly, downturns in the desktop personal computer market may cause disk drive manufacturers to delay or cancel projects, reduce their production or reduce or cancel orders for our products. This, in turn, may lead to longer sales cycles, delays in payment and collection, pricing pressures, and unused capacity, causing us to realize lower revenues and margins.
If our production capacity is underutilized, our gross margin will be adversely affected and we could sustain significant losses.
Our business is characterized by high fixed overhead costs including expensive plant facilities and production equipment. Our per unit costs and our gross margin are significantly affected by the number of units we produce and the amount of our production capacity that we utilize. Our production capacity was approximately 20 million disks per quarter in 2003. We are in the process of increasing our production capacity by approximately 20% through capital expansion. If we underutilize our production capacity for any reason including lack of customer demand or cancellation or delay of customer orders, we could experience significantly higher unit production costs, lower margins and potentially significant losses. Underutilization of our production capacity could also result in equipment write-offs, restructuring charges and employee layoffs. For example, from our 1997 fiscal year to the third quarter of our 2002 fiscal year, our gross margin was severely adversely affected by the underutilization of our capacity. If our production capacity is underutilized for any reason, our financial results and our business would be severely harmed.
We receive a large percentage of our net sales from only a few disk drive manufacturing customers, the loss of any of which would adversely affect our sales.
Our customers are disk drive manufacturers. A relatively small number of disk drive manufacturers dominate the disk drive market. According to TrendFOCUS, four of these manufacturers accounted for 84% of disk drive sales during the fourth quarter of 2003. Accordingly, we expect that the success of our business will continue to depend on a limited number of customers who have comparatively strong bargaining power in negotiating contracts with us.
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In the first quarter of 2004, 45% of our net sales were to Maxtor, 21% were to HGST, 19% were to Western Digital, and 8% were to Seagate. In fiscal 2003, 38% of our net sales were to Western Digital, 37% were to Maxtor and 17% were to HGST. During fiscal 2002, 61% of our net sales were to Western Digital and 30% were to Maxtor. During fiscal 2001, 59% of our net sales were to Western Digital and 27% were to Maxtor. If any one of our significant customers reduces its disk requirements or develops or expands capacity to produce disks for its internal use, and we are unable to replace these orders with sales to new customers, our sales would be reduced and our business would suffer.
Price competition may force us to lower our prices, causing our gross margin to suffer.
We face significant price competition in the disk industry. High levels of competition have historically put downward pressure on prices per unit. Additionally, the average selling price of disks and disk drives rapidly declines over their commercial life as a result of technological enhancements, productivity improvements and industry supply increases. We may be forced to lower our prices or add new products and features at lower prices to remain competitive, and we may otherwise be unable to introduce new products at higher prices. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully in this kind of price competitive environment. Lower prices would reduce our ability to generate sales, and our gross margin would suffer. If we fail to mitigate the effect of these pressures through reducing the cost of our products or changing our product mix, our net sales and gross margin could be adversely affected.
Price declines are also affected by any imbalances between demand and supply. For most of 2002, as in the several years prior, disk supply exceeded demand. As independent suppliers like us struggled to utilize their capacity, the excess disk supply caused average selling prices for disks to decline. Pricing pressure on component suppliers was also compounded by high consumer demand for inexpensive personal computers and consumer devices. In the fourth quarter of 2002, throughout 2003, and in the first quarter of 2004, disk prices were relatively stable, but there is no certainty that this trend will continue. These supply and demand factors and industry-wide competition could adjust again and force disk prices down, which, in turn, would put pressure on our gross margin.
If future demand for our products exceeds the production capability of our existing facilities, we may be required to invest significant capital expenditures to increase capacity or else risk losing market share.
We believe that we have limited capability to further expand our production capacity using our existing facilities to meet incremental increases in future demand for our disk products. If demand for our products were to significantly exceed these capacity levels, we may not be able to satisfy this increased demand. To increase our production capacity to meet significant increases in demand for our disks, we would be required to expand our existing facilities, construct new facilities or acquire entities with additional production capacities. These alternatives would require significant capital investments by us and would require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance that such financing would be available to us when needed on acceptable terms, or at all. If we were unable to expand capacity on a timely basis to meet increases in demand, we could lose market opportunities for sales and our market
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share could decline. Further, we cannot assure you that the increased demand for our disk products would continue for a sufficient period of time to recoup our capital investments associated with increasing our production capacity.
Internal disk operations of disk drive manufacturers may adversely affect our ability to sell our disk products.
Disk drive manufacturers such as HGST, Maxtor, and Seagate have large internal thin-film media manufacturing operations and are able to produce a substantial percentage of their disk requirements. We compete directly with these internal operations when we market our products to these disk drive companies, and indirectly when we sell our disks to customers who must compete with vertically-integrated disk drive manufacturers. Vertically-integrated companies have the opportunity to keep their disk-making operations fully utilized, thus lowering their costs of production. This cost advantage contributes to the pressure on us and other independent disk manufacturers to sell disks at lower prices and can severely affect our profitability. Vertically-integrated companies are also able to achieve a large manufacturing scale that supports the development resources necessary to advance technology rapidly. We may not have sufficient resources or manufacturing scale to be able to compete effectively with these companies as to production costs or technology development, which would negatively impact our net sales and market share.
If we are unable to perform successfully in the highly competitive and increasingly concentrated disk industry, we may not be able to maintain or gain additional market share, and our operating results would be harmed.
The market for our products is highly competitive, and we expect competition to continue in the future. Competitors in the thin-film media industry fall mainly into two groups: Asian-based independent disk manufacturers and captive disk manufacturers. Our major Asian-based independent competitors include Fuji Electric, Hoya, Showa Denko and Trace Storage. The captive disk manufacturers who produce thin-film media internally for their own use include HGST, Maxtor and Seagate. In late 2002, IBM entered into a joint venture with Hitachi. The joint venture, named Hitachi Global Storage Technologies (HGST), includes Hitachi’s and IBM’s disk drive operations and a portion of IBM’s thin-film media operations, and evidences the increasing concentration and economies of scale in our industry. Many of these competitors have greater financial resources than we have, which could allow them to adjust to fluctuating market conditions better than us. Further, they may have greater technical and manufacturing resources, more extensive name recognition, more marketing power, a broader array of product lines and preferred vendor status. To the extent our competitors continue to consolidate and achieve greater economies of scale, we will face additional competitive challenges. If we are not able to compete successfully in the future, we would not be able to gain additional market share for our products, or we may lose our existing market share, and our operating results could be harmed.
Because our products require a lengthy sales cycle with no assurance of high volume sales, we may expend significant financial and other resources without a return.
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With short product life cycles and the rapid technological change experienced in the disk drive industry, we must frequently qualify new products with our disk drive manufacturing customers, based on criteria such as quality, storage capacity, performance, and price. Qualifying disks for incorporation into new disk drive products requires us to work extensively with our customer and the customer’s other suppliers to meet product specifications. Therefore, customers often require a significant number of product presentations and demonstrations, as well as substantial interaction with our senior management, before making a purchasing decision. Accordingly, our products typically have a lengthy sales cycle, which can range from six to twelve months or longer. During this time, we may expend substantial financial resources and management time and effort, while having no assurances that a sale will result, or that disk drive programs ultimately will result in high-volume production. To the extent we expend significant resources to qualify products without realizing sales, our operations will suffer.
If our customers cancel orders, our sales could suffer and we are generally not entitled to receive cancellation penalties to offset the loss of sales revenue.
Our sales are generally made pursuant to purchase orders that are subject to cancellation, modification, or rescheduling without significant penalties. As a result, if a customer cancels, modifies, or reschedules an order, we may have already made expenditures that are not recoverable, and our profitability will suffer. Furthermore, if our current customers do not continue to place orders with us or if we are unable to obtain orders from new customers, our sales and operating results will suffer.
Because we depend on a limited number of suppliers, if our suppliers experience capacity constraints or production failures, our production, operating results and growth potential could be harmed.
We rely on a limited number of suppliers for some of the materials and equipment used in our manufacturing processes, including aluminum blanks, aluminum substrates, nickel plating solutions, polishing and texturing supplies, and sputtering target materials. For example, Kobe Steel, Ltd. is our sole supplier of aluminum blanks, a fundamental component in producing our disks. We also rely on OMG Fidelity, Inc. and Heraeus Incorporated for supplies of nickel plating solutions and sputtering target materials, respectively. The supplier base has been weakened by the poor financial condition of the industry in recent years, and some suppliers have exited the business. Our production capacity would be limited if one or more of these materials were to become unavailable or available in reduced quantities, or if we were unable to find alternative suppliers. For example, due to the significant growth in demand for our disk products in the fourth quarter of 2002, our sales were smaller during the quarter than the available market opportunity due to our inability to acquire additional aluminum substrates. If our sources of materials and supplies were limited or unavailable for a significant period of time, our production, operating results and ability to grow our business could be adversely affected.
Disk drive program life cycles are short, and disk drive programs are highly customized. If we fail to respond to our customers’ demanding requirements, we will not be able to compete effectively.
The disk industry has experienced rapid technological change, and if we are unable to anticipate
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and develop products and production technologies on a timely basis, our competitive position could be harmed. In general, the life cycles of disk drive programs are short. For example, between approximately 1999 and 2002, areal density rose dramatically on an annual basis. Additionally, disks must be more customized to each disk drive program. Short program life cycles and customization have increased the risk of product obsolescence, and as a result, supply chain management, including just-in-time delivery, has become a standard industry practice. In order to sustain customer relationships and sustain profitability, we must be able to develop new products and technologies in a timely fashion that can help customers reduce their time-to-market performance, and continue to maintain operational excellence that supports high-volume manufacturing ramps and tight inventory management throughout the supply chain. Accordingly, we have invested and intend to continue to invest heavily in our research and development program. If we cannot respond to this rapidly changing environment or fail to meet our customers’ demanding product and qualification requirements, we will not be able to compete effectively. As a result, we would not be able to maximize the use of our production facilities and our profitability would be negatively impacted.
If we do not keep pace with the rapid technological change in the disk drive industry, we will not be able to compete effectively, and our operating results could suffer.
Our products primarily serve the 3 1/2-inch disk drive market where product performance, consistent quality, price and availability are of great competitive importance. To succeed in an industry characterized by rapid technological developments, we must continuously advance our disk technology at a pace consistent with, or faster than, the pace at which our competitors are advancing their disk technology.
Advances in disk drive technology require continually lower flying heights and higher areal density. Until recently, areal density was roughly doubling from year-to-year and even today continues to increase rapidly, requiring significant improvement in every aspect of disk design. These advances require substantial on-going process and technology development. New process technologies, including synthetic anti-ferromagnetic, or SAF and perpendicular recording media, or PMR, must support cost-effective, high-volume production of disks that meet these ever-advancing customer requirements for enhanced magnetic recording performance. We may not be able to develop and implement these technologies in a timely manner in order to compete effectively against our competitors’ products or entirely new data storage technologies. In addition, we must transfer our technology from our U.S.-based research and development center to our Malaysian manufacturing operations. If we cannot advance our process technologies or do not successfully implement those advanced technologies in our Malaysian operations, or if technologies that we have chosen not to develop prove to be viable competitive alternatives, we would not be able to compete effectively. As a result, we would lose market share and face increased price competition from other manufacturers, and our operating results would suffer.
If we fail to improve the quality of, and control contamination in our manufacturing processes, we will lose our ability to remain competitive.
The manufacture of our products requires a tightly-controlled, multi-stage process, and the use of high-quality materials. Efficient production of our products requires utilization of advanced manufacturing techniques and clean room facilities. Disk fabrication occurs in a highly controlled, clean environment to
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minimize particles and other yield- and quality-limiting contaminants. In spite of stringent manufacturing controls, weaknesses in process control or minute impurities in materials may cause a substantial percentage of the disks in a lot to be defective. The success of our manufacturing operations depends, in part, on our ability to maintain process control and minimize such impurities in order to maximize yield of acceptable high-quality disks. Minor variations from specifications could have a disproportionately adverse impact on our manufacturing yields. If we are not able to continue to improve on our manufacturing processes or maintain stringent quality controls, or if contamination problems arise, we will not remain competitive, and our operating results would be harmed.
An industry trend towards glass-based applications could negatively impact our ability to remain competitive.
Our finished disks are primarily manufactured from aluminum substrates, which are the primary substrate used in desktop PC and enterprise applications. Some disk manufacturers emphasize the use of glass as a basis for the manufacture of their disks to primarily serve the mobile personal computer market and certain other consumer applications. These applications are expected to achieve significant growth in the near future. To the extent glass-based applications were to achieve significant growth in the market place, we may lose market share if we were unable to move rapidly to produce glass-based disks to address the demand.
All of our manufacturing operations have been consolidated in Malaysia and our foreign operations and international sales subject us to additional risks inherent in doing business on an international level that make it more costly or difficult to conduct our business.
As a result of our consolidation of manufacturing operations in Malaysia, technology developed at our U.S.-based research and development center must now be first implemented for high-volume production at our Malaysian facilities without the benefit of being implemented at a U.S. factory. Therefore, we rely heavily on electronic communications between our U.S. headquarters and our Malaysian facilities to transfer specifications and procedures, diagnose operational issues and meet customer requirements. If our operations in Malaysia or overseas communications are disrupted for a prolonged period for any reason, including a failure in electronic communications with our U.S. operations, the manufacture and shipment of our products would be delayed, and our results of operations would suffer.
Furthermore, our ability to transfer funds from our Malaysian operations to the United States is subject to Malaysian rules and regulations. In 1999, the Malaysian government repealed a regulation that restricted the amount of dividends that a Malaysian company may pay to its stockholders. If not repealed, this regulation would have potentially limited our ability to transfer funds to the United States from our Malaysian operations. If similar regulations are enacted in the future, we may not be able to finance our U.S.-based research and development and/or repay our U.S. debt obligations as a significant percentage of our revenues are generated from our Malaysian operations.
We are subject to a number of risks of conducting business outside of the United States. Our sales to customers in Asia, including the foreign subsidiaries of domestic disk drive companies, account for
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substantially all of our net sales. Further, while customers assemble a substantial portion of their disk drives in Asia, they subsequently sell these products throughout the world. Therefore, our high concentration of Asian sales does not accurately reflect the eventual point of consumption of the assembled disk drives. We anticipate that international sales will continue to represent the majority of our net sales, and as a result the success of our business is subject to factors affecting global markets generally.
We are subject to these risks to a greater extent than most companies because, in addition to selling our products outside the United States, our Malaysian operations account for substantially all of our net sales. Accordingly, our operating results are subject to the risks inherent with international operations, including, but not limited to:
• | compliance with changing legal and regulatory requirements of foreign jurisdictions; |
• | fluctuations in tariffs or other trade barriers; |
• | foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, since certain costs of our foreign manufacturing and marketing operations are incurred in foreign currency, including purchase of certain operating supplies and production equipment from Japanese suppliers in Yen-denominated transactions; |
• | difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; |
• | political, social and economic instability; |
• | increased exposure to threats and acts of terrorism; |
• | exposure to taxes in multiple jurisdictions; |
• | local infrastructure problems or failures including but not limited to loss of power and water supply; and |
• | transportation delays and interruptions. |
If we are not able to attract and retain key personnel, our operations could be harmed.
Our future success depends on the continued service of our executive officers, our highly-skilled research, development and engineering team, our manufacturing team and our key administrative, sales and marketing and support personnel. Acquiring talented personnel who possess the advanced skills we require has been difficult. Our bankruptcy filing and our financial performance in prior years increased the difficulty of attracting and retaining skilled engineers and other knowledgeable workers. Even though we have emerged from bankruptcy, we may have difficulty attracting and retaining key personnel. We may not be able to attract, assimilate or retain highly-qualified personnel to maintain the capabilities that are necessary to compete effectively. Further, we do not have key person life insurance on any of our key personnel. If we are unable to retain existing or hire key personnel, our business, financial condition and operating results could be harmed.
If we do not protect our patents and other intellectual property rights, our revenues could suffer.
It is commonplace to protect technology through patents and other forms of intellectual property rights in technically sophisticated fields. In the disk and disk drive industries, companies and individuals have initiated actions against others in the industry to enforce intellectual property rights. Although we
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attempt to protect our intellectual property rights through patents, copyrights, trade secrets and other measures, we may not be able to adequately protect our technology. In addition, we may not be able to discover significant infringements of our technology or successfully enforce our rights to our technology if we discover infringing uses by others, and such infringements could have a negative impact on our ability to compete effectively. Competitors may be able to develop similar technology and also may have or may develop intellectual property rights and enforce those rights to prevent us from using such technologies, or demand royalty payments from us in return for using such technologies. Either of these events may affect our production, which could materially reduce our revenues and harm our operating results.
We may face intellectual property infringement claims that are costly to resolve, may divert our management’s attention, and may negatively impact our operations.
We have occasionally received, and may receive in the future, communications from third parties that assert violation of intellectual property rights alleged to cover certain of our products or manufacturing processes or equipment. We evaluate on a case-by-case basis whether it would be necessary to defend against such claims or to seek licenses to the rights referred to in such communications. In certain cases, we may not be able to negotiate necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Also, if we have to defend such claims, we could incur significant expenses and our management’s attention could be diverted from our core business. Further, we may not be able to anticipate claims by others that we infringe on their technology or successfully defend ourselves against such claims. Any litigation resulting from such claims could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Historical quarterly results may not accurately predict our performance due to a number of uncertainties and market factors, and as a result it is difficult to predict our future results.
Our operating results historically have fluctuated significantly on both a quarterly and annual basis. Additionally, as a result of our emergence from bankruptcy on June 30, 2002, we are operating our business with a new capital structure and have been subject to the fresh-start reporting prescribed by generally accepted accounting principles. Our balance sheet beginning as of June 30, 2002 reflects the application of these rules. As a result, our operating results in any quarter may not reflect our future performance, particularly because our financial condition and results of operations are not comparable to those in our historical financial statements ended prior to June 30, 2002. We believe that our future operating results will continue to be subject to quarterly variations based on a wide variety of factors, including:
• | timing of significant orders, or order cancellations; |
• | changes in our product mix and average selling prices; |
• | modified, adjusted or rescheduled shipments; |
• | availability of disks versus demand for disks; |
• | the cyclical nature of the disk drive industry; |
• | our ability to develop and implement new manufacturing process technologies; | |||
• | increases in our production and engineering costs associated with initial design and production of new product programs; |
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• | the ability of our process equipment to meet more stringent future product requirements; |
• | our ability to introduce new products that achieve cost-effective high-volume production in a timely manner, timing of product announcements, and market acceptance of new products; |
• | the availability of our production capacity, and the extent to which we can use that capacity; |
• | changes in our manufacturing efficiencies, in particular product yields and input costs for direct materials, operating supplies and other running costs; |
• | prolonged disruptions of operations at any of our facilities for any reason; |
• | changes in the cost of or limitations on availability of labor; and |
• | structural changes within the disk industry, including combinations, failures, and joint venture arrangements. |
We cannot forecast with certainty the impact of these and other factors on our revenues and operating results in any future period. Our expense levels are based, in part, on expectations as to future revenues. If our revenue levels are below expectations, our operating results are likely to suffer.
Given our reliance on manufacturing facilities and suppliers in Asia, another outbreak of SARS or another infectious disease may negatively impact our operating results.
If there is another outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) as occurred at the end of 2002 in China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Vietnam, such an outbreak, or an outbreak of another such infectious disease, or the fear of such an outbreak, could have a negative impact on our operations. The outbreak that occurred in 2002 had an impact on the ability of our management, sales and customer service employees to travel between the executive and research facilities in California, manufacturing operations in Malaysia, and customer sites throughout Asia. Our normal operating processes could be hindered by a number of disease-related factors upon a future extended occurrence, including, but not limited to:
• | disruptions in our manufacturing facilities in Malaysia; |
• | disruptions at our third-party suppliers located in China or other affected countries; |
• | disruptions in our customers’ operations in Singapore, Malaysia or other affected countries; |
• | reduced travel between our U.S.-based research and development facility and our Malaysian manufacturing locations; and |
• | reduced travel between ourselves, customers, and suppliers. |
Because of our reliance on our Malaysian manufacturing facilities and significant distribution to customers in Asia, if another outbreak occurs or spreads to other areas, our sales and operating results could be harmed.
If we make unprofitable acquisitions or are unable to successfully integrate future acquisitions, our business could suffer.
We have in the past and from time to time in the future may acquire businesses, products or technologies that we believe complement or expand our existing business. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including the following:
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• | difficulties in integrating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired companies, especially given the specialized nature of our technology; |
• | diversion of management’s attention from normal daily operations of the business; |
• | potential difficulties in completing projects associated with in-process research and development; |
• | initial dependence on unfamiliar supply chains or relatively small supply partners; and |
• | the potential loss of key employees of the acquired companies. |
Acquisitions may also cause us to:
• | issue stock that would dilute our current stockholders’ percentage ownership; |
• | assume liabilities; |
• | record goodwill and non-amortizable intangible assets that will be subject to impairment testing and potential periodic impairment charges; |
• | incur amortization expenses related to certain intangible assets; |
• | incur large and immediate write-offs; or |
• | become subject to litigation. |
For example, in 2000, we acquired HMT Technology Corporation (HMT), another disk manufacturer. As a result of the acquisition of HMT, we acquired debt liabilities, real property and manufacturing facilities and incurred significant transaction costs related to the acquisition that raised our ongoing operational expenses and fixed costs. We were unable to utilize our increased capacity and generate sufficient revenues to cover the increased costs and have since sold a majority of all unused facilities.
Mergers and acquisitions of high-technology companies are inherently risky, and no assurance can be given that any future acquisitions by us will be successful and will not materially adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition. The failure to manage and successfully integrate acquisitions we make could harm our business and operating results in a material way. Even if an acquired company has already developed and marketed products, there can be no assurance that product enhancements will be made in a timely fashion or that pre-acquisition due diligence will have identified all possible issues that might arise with respect to products or the integration of the company into our company.
The nature of our operations makes us susceptible to material environmental liabilities, which could result in significant compliance and clean-up expenses and adversely affect our financial condition.
We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local, and foreign regulations relating to:
• | the use, storage, discharge, and disposal of hazardous materials used during our manufacturing process; |
• | the treatment of water used in our manufacturing process; and |
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• | air quality management. |
We are required to obtain necessary permits for expanding our facilities. We must also comply with new regulations on our existing operations, which may result in significant costs. Public attention has increasingly been focused on the environmental impact of manufacturing operations that use hazardous materials. If we fail to comply with environmental regulations or fail to obtain the necessary permits:
• | we could be subject to significant penalties; |
• | our ability to expand or operate in California or Malaysia could be restricted; |
• | our ability to establish additional operations in other locations could be restricted; or |
• | we could be required to obtain costly equipment or incur significant expenses to comply with environmental regulations. |
Furthermore, our manufacturing processes rely on the use of hazardous materials and any accidental hazardous discharge could result in significant liability and clean-up expenses, which could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Earthquakes or other natural or man-made disasters could disrupt our operations.
Our U.S. facilities are located in San Jose, California. In addition, Kobe and other Japanese suppliers of our key manufacturing supplies and sputtering machines are located in areas with seismic activity. Our Malaysian operations have been subject to temporary production interruptions due to localized flooding, disruptions in the delivery of electrical power, and, on one occasion in 1997, by smoke generated by large, widespread fires in Indonesia. If any natural or man-made disasters do occur, operations could be disrupted for prolonged periods, and our business would suffer.
Anti-takeover provisions in our certificate of incorporation could discourage potential acquisition proposals or delay or prevent a change of control.
We have protective provisions in place designed to provide our board of directors with time to consider whether a hostile takeover is in our best interests and that of our stockholders. Our certificate of incorporation provides that we have three classes of directors. As a result, a person could not take control of the board until the third annual meeting after the closing of the merger, since a majority of our directors will not stand for election until that third annual meeting. This provision could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control of the company and also could diminish the opportunities for a holder of our common stock to participate in tender offers, including offers at a price above the then-current market price for our common stock. These provisions also may inhibit fluctuations in our stock price that could result from takeover attempts.
Risks Related to our Indebtedness
We are leveraged, and our debt service requirements will continue to make us vulnerable to economic downturns and impose restrictions on our operations.
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We recently completed a public common stock offering of 4.0 million shares (of which 0.5 million were sold by selling stockholders) and a public $80.5 million Convertible Subordinated Notes offering. We used a significant portion of the proceeds of the offerings to redeem all of our outstanding Senior Notes. Even though we redeemed all of the outstanding Senior Notes using the proceeds of the common stock offering and the debt offering, we now have debt service obligations under the Convertible Subordinated Notes. As a result, we may be required to use a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to meet our obligations on our Convertible Subordinated Notes, thereby reducing the availability of cash flow to fund our business. Debt service obligations arising from the offering of our Convertible Subordinated Notes could limit our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our industry, and could limit our ability to borrow more money for operations and implement our business strategy in the future. In addition, our leverage may restrict our ability to obtain additional financing in the future. We will continue to be more leveraged than some of our competitors, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage because our interest and debt repayment requirements makes us more susceptible to downturns in our business.
Our holding company structure makes us dependent on cash flow from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations.
Most of our operations are conducted through, and most of our assets are held by, our subsidiaries. Therefore, we are dependent on the cash flow of our subsidiaries to meet our debt obligations. Our subsidiaries are separate legal entities that have no obligation to pay any amounts due under the Convertible Subordinated Notes, or to make any funds available therefore, whether by dividends, loans or other payments. Our subsidiaries have not guaranteed the payment of the Convertible Subordinated Notes. Except to the extent we may ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against our subsidiaries, subject to any limitations contained in our debt agreements, all claims of creditors and holders of preferred stock, if any, of our subsidiaries will have priority with respect to the assets of such subsidiaries over the claims of our creditors, including holders of the Convertible Subordinated Notes.
The assets of our subsidiaries may not be available to make payments on our debt obligations.
Our Convertible Subordinated Notes have not been guaranteed by our subsidiaries, and payments on the Convertible Subordinated Notes are required to be made only by us. We may not have direct access to the assets of our subsidiaries unless these assets are transferred by dividend or otherwise to us. The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends or otherwise transfer assets to us is subject to various restrictions, including restrictions under other agreements to which we are a party under applicable law.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk. We currently do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge such risk.
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. We invest primarily in high-quality, short-term
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debt instruments.
A substantial majority of our revenue, expense, and capital purchasing activities are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, a large portion of our payroll, certain operating expenses, and capital purchases are transacted in other currencies, primarily Malaysian ringgit. Since late 1998, the ringgit has been pegged at a conversion rate of 3.8 Malaysian ringgit to the U.S. dollar. If the pegging is lifted in the future, we will evaluate whether or not we will enter any hedging contracts for the Malaysian ringgit. Expenses recorded in Malaysian ringgit in the first three months of 2004 totaled approximately $12.7 million.
We have $80.5 million in convertible subordinated notes outstanding that bear interest at 2% and mature in February 2024. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in approximately $0.8 million of additional interest expense each year.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We maintain a rigorous set of disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have designed and evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under their supervision, pursuant to Rules 13a — 15 (e) and 15d — 15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the period covered on this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and have determined that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in our filings under periodic Securities and Exchange Commission filings is gathered, analyzed, and disclosed with adequate timeliness, accuracy, and completeness, based on an evaluation of such controls and procedures conducted as part of the end of the period covered by this report. There has been no change in our last fiscal quarter ended April 4, 2004 that has or is likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. Changes in Securities
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
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ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. Other Information
Most of the Company’s officers have entered into Rule 10b5-1 plans regarding future sales of Common Stock currently held by them in their deferred compensation plan accounts (deferred accounts). Such plans were entered into primarily to permit the officers to sell enough stock to cover income taxes that will be due from them at the time the stock is released to them from their deferred accounts. |
ITEM 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
a) | Exhibits |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32 | Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
b) | Reports on Form 8-K |
On February 11, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K stating that it issued a February 10, 2004 press release announcing that its wholly-owned subsidiary, KMS, signed an agreement with Trace, an independent media supplier in Taiwan. The agreement provides KMS with additional substrate capacity as well as a substrate supply relationship with Trace.
On January 29, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K/A stating that it amended its January 28, 2004 press release.
On January 29, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K stating that it issued a January 28, 2004 press release announcing its call for the partial redemption on February 12, 2004 of $72,000,000 principal amount of its Senior Secured Notes due in 2007 and for the full redemption on February 27, 2004 of the remaining Senior Secured Notes not redeemed on February 12, 2004.
On January 28, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K stating that it issued a January 28, 2004 press release announcing the closing of 3.5 million shares of its common stock at $20.00 per share, of which selling security holders are selling 500,000 shares, and $70 million of 2.0% Convertible Subordinated Notes due in 2024, and the exercise of the over-allotment by the underwriters of 525,000 shares of common stock and $10,500,000 of the notes.
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On January 23, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K stating that it issued a January 23, 2004 press release announcing the pricing of 3.5 million shares of its common stock at $20.00 per share, of which selling security holders are selling 500,000 shares, and $70 million of 2.0% Convertible Subordinated Notes due in 2024.
On January 20, 2004, the Company furnished a Form 8-K stating that it issued a January 20, 2004 press release announcing its financial results for the year ended December 28, 2003, and presenting forward-looking statements related to the first quarter of 2004.
On January 6, 2004, the Company furnished a Form 8-K stating that it issued a January 6, 2004 press release presenting estimated financial information for the quarter ended December 28, 2003.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
KOMAG, INCORPORATED
(Registrant)
DATE: May 11, 2004 | BY: | /s/ Thian Hoo Tan | |||
Thian Hoo Tan | |||||
Chief Executive Officer | |||||
DATE: May 11, 2004 | BY: | /s/ Kathleen A. Bayless | |||
Kathleen A. Bayless | |||||
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32 | Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |