UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F/A
(Amendment No. 1)
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o | | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
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þ | | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
OR
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o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
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o | | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
For the year ended December 31, 2007
Commission File Number 0-20420
CALCITECH LTD.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
A CORPORATION FORMED UNDER THE LAWS OF BERMUDA
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
10 route de l’aeroport
1215 Geneva
Switzerland
(Address of principal executive offices)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: NONE
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act
Common Shares
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: NONE
The number of outstanding Common Shares as of March 31, 2008 is 99,998,665.
Indicate by check mark if the Company is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
o Yes þ No
Indicate by check mark if the Company is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the Company (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Company was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
þ Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the Company is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated files.
o Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer þ Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company
Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the Company has elected to follow.
Item 17 þ Item 18 o
Indicate by check mark whether the Company is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
o Yes þ No
(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)
Indicate by check mark whether the Company has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. NOT APPLICABLE
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Annual Report on Form 20-F/A is being filed for the purpose of amending parts of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. This Form 20-F/A amends and restates the entire Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007. Except as otherwise expressly stated herein, all information in this Form 20-F/A is as of December 31, 2007, the period covered by the Original Filing of our Annual Report on Form 20-F, and this Form 20-F/A does not purport to provide an update or discussion of any developments subsequent to the Original Filing date of the Form 20-F on April 17, 2008. This Report includes amendments to Parts II and III.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements regarding events and financial trends, which may affect CalciTech Ltd’s (“CalciTech,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us”) future operating results and financial position. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the fact that we are in the development stage, will need additional financing to build our proposed plants and will be subject to certain technological risks associated with scaling up production to a commercial level, all of which factors are set forth in more detail in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 3.D. and “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” at Item 5.
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors
Not Applicable.
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not Applicable.
Item 3. Key Information
3A. Selected Financial Data
The following tables set forth selected financial data regarding our operating results and financial position prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This data has been derived from our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 10-month period ended December 31, 2006. The following table sets forth selected financial data with respect to the Company and is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and 10-month period ended December 31, 2006. Historical information for periods prior to the period ended December 31, 2006 are derived from restated financial statements, not included herein. The financial data for fiscal years 2007 and 2006 are presented on a consolidated basis.
All financial information is presented in U.S. dollars, unless indicated otherwise.
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| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | | | year to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2005 | | | Feb 28, 2004 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Operations Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | | 58,291 | | | | 47,640 | | | | 59,805 | | | | 75,000 | | | | 51,000 | |
Income (loss) from operations | | | (314,000 | ) | | | (394,000 | ) | | | (1,438,000 | ) | | | (1,319,000 | ) | | | (2,025,000 | ) |
Net loss | | | (678,000 | ) | | | (620,000 | ) | | | (1,858,000 | ) | | | (1,668,000 | ) | | | (2,244,000 | ) |
Number of shares | | | 99,998,665 | | | | 88,899,675 | | | | 88,899,675 | | | | 79,899,675 | | | | 63,899,675 | |
Loss per Common Share | | | (0.007 | ) | | | (0.007 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | (0.03 | ) | | | (0.04 | ) |
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Balance Sheet Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cumulative Deferred | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Development Expenditure | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Total Assets | | | 5,450,000 | | | | 3,244,000 | | | | 2,507,000 | | | | 1,481,000 | | | | 1,036,000 | |
Long Term Obligations | | | 1,782,000 | | | | 1,993,000 | | | | 847,000 | | | | 1,577,000 | | | | 1,443,000 | |
Capital stock | | | 1,824,000 | | | | 1,813,000 | | | | 1,813,000 | | | | 1,805,000 | | | | 1,792,000 | |
Total Stockholders’ Equity/ (Deficiency) | | | 2,267,000 | | | | (76,000 | ) | | | 730,000 | | | | (1,141,000 | ) | | | (2,571,000 | ) |
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3B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not Applicable.
3C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable.
3D. Risk Factors
In addition to the other information presented in this Annual Report, the following should be considered carefully in evaluating us and our business. This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve risk and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, our future success will be affected by many factors that are frequently associated with the development of a new business, which include, but are not limited to, the following:
We Have Incurred Net Losses Since Our Inception and Expect Losses to Continue.Except for net income of $732,000 for fiscal year ended February 28, 1996, we have not been profitable since our inception. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we earned $58,000 from the sale of Synthetic Calcium Carbonate (“SCC”) samples. No revenues were earned during the period commencing with the fiscal year ended February 28, 1999 up to the year ended February 29, 2004. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we had a net loss of $677,000 and an accumulated deficit of $44,368,000. The report of independent auditors on our December 31, 2007 financial statements includes an explanatory paragraph assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. Lack of operating funds may result in staff reductions and curtailing the construction currently planned. See Risk Factor entitled “If We Are Unable to Raise Funds Our Growth May Be Adversely Affected” below.
If We Are Unable to Raise Funds Our Growth May Be Adversely Affected.Historically, we have had to seek capital for research and development of our SCC products due to lack of revenues. Based on the available amount of $117,000 in cash and $1,630,000 of a $2,500,000 line of credit with Epsom Investment Services, N.V. as of December 31, 2007, we believe we will have sufficient working capital to continue current operations for the next 12 months. We are in the process of securing a grant from the European Regional Structural Fund towards a 50% of the CapEx of our planned 100,000 tpa plant in Leuna Germany. The total project CapEx is estimated at€50 million.
We believe that due to the environmental aspect of our technology, substantial grants and loans will be available for future projects. However, in the event that there is a cash shortage and we are unable to obtain a debt financing or grants, additional equity financing will be required. The proposed plants in Germany will also require additional funds, if our revenues or grants are unable to cover the building expenses. Seeking additional financing would dilute the ownership of existing shareholders.
Our Inability to Protect Our Patents and Other Proprietary Rights Could Adversely Impact Our Competitive Position.We believe that our patents and other proprietary rights are important to our success and our competitive position. Accordingly, we devote substantial resources to the establishment and protection of our patents and proprietary rights. We currently hold patents for processes and have patents pending for additional processes that we intend to use to market our SCC technology. However, our actions to establish and protect our patents and other proprietary rights may be inadequate to prevent others from using our process outside of the jurisdiction of our patent or to prevent others from claiming violations of their patents and proprietary rights by us. If our processes are challenged as infringing upon patents of other parties, we will be required to modify our processes, obtain a license or litigate the issue, all of which may have an adverse effect on our business.
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Failure to Protect Our Trade Secrets May Assist Our Competitors.We protect our trade secrets and proprietary know-how for our processes by various methods, including the use of confidentiality agreements with employees and strategic partners. However, such methods may not provide complete protection and there can be no assurance that others will not obtain our know-how or independently develop the same or similar technology. We prepare and file for patent protection on aspects of our technology, which we think will be integrated into final processes early in research phases, thereby limiting the potential risks.
We Have Never Produced SCC on a Commercial Scale.We operated a 10 kg per hour pilot plant based in Norway, which was moved to Leuna in Germany in 2002. The equipment has now been scaled up on a ratio of approximately 60:1 but still requires to be scaled up on a ratio of approximately 20:1 for the commercial plant. Although specialist suppliers of filtration and drying equipment have conducted trials for us and found the scale up ratio to be within acceptable limits, there are no guarantees that the technology will operate as planned or that costs for additional modifications will not occur. In addition, if we are unable to produce SCC on a commercial scale we will be unable to successfully commercialize our SCC technology as planned in our business plan.
Our Competitors May Develop a Competing Technology.One of our competitive advantages depends on our ability to use waste lime, which is a waste product available at little or no cost. If competitors are able to develop a competing technology, we may no longer have the free or low cost source of raw material.
Our SCC Product is at Initial Market Introduction and We Are Not Sure the Market Will Accept it.We intend to target our SCC products in the following markets: paper; food and pharmaceutical; and plastic, sealants and adhesives industries. The market acceptance of SCC products produced by our process for use in pharmaceutical and food additives will depend upon consumers and members of the medical community accepting them. Moreover, although our process can produce pure SCC from waste lime and letters of intent from paper producers for the supply from the first commercial plant have been signed, there is no assurance that we will be able to convince customers to convert these to contracts of purchase, limiting the number of potential customers for our product to paper or chemical producers. Failure to achieve market share in these industries could have material adverse effects on our long-term business, financial condition and results of operation.
All of our operations are located outside of the United States, substantially all of our sales from samples are generated outside of the United States and all of our assets are located outside of the United States, subjecting us to risks associated with international operations.Our operations are in Europe and we have no operations in the United States. 100% of our revenue from our samples were generated from outside of the United States. The international nature of our business subjects us to the laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate and sell our products. In addition, we are subject to risks inherent in international business activities, including:
| • | | difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods, |
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| • | | changes in overseas economic conditions, |
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| • | | fluctuations in currency exchange rates, |
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| • | | potentially weaker intellectual property protections, |
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| • | | changing and conflicting local laws and other regulatory requirements, |
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| • | | political and economic instability, |
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| • | | war, acts of terrorism or other hostilities, |
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| • | | potentially adverse tax consequences, |
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| • | | difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, or |
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| • | | tariffs or other trade regulations and restrictions. |
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Our results of operations may be adversely impacted by currency fluctuations.Our revenue is in currencies other than United States dollars, primarily in Euros. Because our financial statements are reported in United States dollars, fluctuations in Euros against the United States dollar may cause us to recognize foreign currency transaction gains and losses, which may be material to our operations and impact our reported financial condition and results of operations.
Penny stock rules may make it more difficult to trade our common shares.The Securities and Exchange Commission has adopted regulations which generally define a “penny stock” to be any equity security that has a market price, as defined, less than U.S. $5.00 per share or an exercise price of less than U.S. $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. Our securities may be covered by the penny stock rules, which impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell to persons other than established customers and accredited investors such as, institutions with assets in excess of U.S. $5,000,000 or an individual with net worth in excess of U.S. $1,000,000 or annual income exceeding U.S. $200,000 or U.S. $300,000 jointly with his or her spouse. For transactions covered by this rule, the broker-dealers must make a special suitability determination for the purchase and receive the purchaser’s written agreement of the transaction prior to the sale. Consequently, the rule may affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell our securities and also affect the ability of our investors to sell their shares in the secondary market.
Potential litigation or environmental exposure may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operation.Our operations are subject to international, federal, state and local governmental, tax and other laws and regulations, and potentially to claims for various legal, environmental and tax matters. While we carry liability insurance, which we believe to be appropriate to our business, an unanticipated liability, arising out of such a litigation matter or a tax or environmental proceeding could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4(A). Unresolved Staff Comments
Not Applicable.
Item 4. Information on the Company
4A. History and Development of the Company
CalciTech Ltd., a Bermuda Company, has developed a new process for manufacturing high quality Synthetic Calcium Carbonate (“SCC”). Our process produces SCC from waste lime and air polluting carbon dioxide. SCC is a white pigment. It is also a calcium source for pharmaceuticals and food. As of the date of this report, we do not have facilities to commence production of SCC on a full commercial scale.
Originally, we were formed on November 9, 1978, under the laws of British Columbia, Canada with the name Cornwall Petroleum & Resources Ltd. We then changed our name to Rexplore Resources International Limited and which was engaged in petroleum and resource development. In December of 1987, we were restructured and the prior management replaced in connection with the acquisition of a license to develop Trylene Gas. In July 1994, we changed our domicile from British Columbia, Canada to Bermuda and changed our name from Kemgas Sydney Ltd. to Kemgas Ltd. On July 25, 2000, we changed our name from Kemgas Ltd. to our present name, CalciTech Ltd., to better reflect our change in business to the production and sale of SCC.
For the purpose of commercializing our technology, we established CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd, a Bermuda company that is wholly owned by us. On February 1, 2003, we transferred all of our entire SCC intellectual property rights and associated business activity to CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd. CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd has two wholly owned companies, CalciTech Group Services SA, a Swiss corporation, and CalciTech Holdings ApS, a Danish corporation. We also owned
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through CalciTech Holdings ApS, a 51% interest in CalciTech Odda A.S., a Norwegian corporation (now in liquidation) and a 100% interest in CalciTech Deutschland GmbH, a German corporation.
Our administration headquarters are located at World Trade Centre, 10 Route de l’Aeroport, Geneva, Switzerland. We currently do not have full-scale commercial plants. We are currently engaged in the commercialisation and project development stage, and from an executive office in Magdeburg, Germany, we operate a small-scale production plant located in Leuna, Germany. This plant will currently produce bulk samples to support the sales activity to place the first 100,000 tons per annum plant production when it is commissioned. Construction and commissioning are expected to take 18 months from the conclusion of the project finance.
We are also evaluating new product developments for new market applications and testing various feedstocks. It is intended that the small-scale plant will continue to produce and sell our sample material to support other projects in other regions. We are also engaged in the preliminary stage of planning and developing proposed full-scale commercial plants located elsewhere in Germany. See “4B. Business Overview — Business Activities.” No assurance can be given that the planned plants will be economically or technically feasible. We have generated no cash flows from our operations, other than those generated through limited sample sales. See “Item 3D Risk Factors.”
4B. Business Overview
Synthetic Calcium Carbonate (“SCC”)
Since June 1999, we have actively pursued our plan to develop and commercialize SCC from waste lime using our own proprietary process. Acutely aware of the industrial waste created from the production of acetylene gas, one of our former businesses, we have moved forward to develop a method to extract a commercial product from what is considered to be waste product: waste lime. Waste lime is generated from (i) the production of acetylene gas, (ii) manufacture of dicyandiamide from calcium cyanamide and (iii) the manufacture of other chemical and mineral processes. In our pursuit to turn an environmental problem into a commercially viable business, we have developed our proprietary process to extract and produce quality SCC from waste lime. SCC is a white filler pigment and is used for paper filling and coating, and is used in paint, polymers, food and pharmaceuticals.
Currently, we are in discussions with industrial partner(s) to establish our first full scale commercial plant and are engaged in sales activity within the paper, food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries to seek commitment from potential customers to purchase SCC products from this first full scale commercial plant. In addition, we will have to seek industrial partner(s) or raise additional funds through loans from business partners, debt or equity financing and/or through environmental grants from authorities to build our initial plants. Assuming we have the capital to proceed, we intend to build a further 13 to 15 commercial plants over the next 3 to 4 years, some through joint ventures with financial or industry partners.
Below is a discussion of our proprietary SCC process, conventional Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (“PCC”) production, our products and a summary of our current activities by site. We refer to the PCC produced by our technology as Synthetic Calcium Carbonate, SCC.
Our SCC Process
Our SCC process can utilize most grades of lime, including low quality lime or industrial waste lime such as carbide lime. In our process, the waste lime is mixed with a solution of water and a proprietary promoter in a digester, which selectively dissolves the calcium and leaves the impurities behind as insoluble solids, which are readily removed by subsequent flocculation. The clear calcium solution is then pumped into a reactor into which carbon dioxide from any industrial emission source is passed to produce synthetic calcium carbonate by precipitation. After the SCC product is filtered off, the promoter solution is recycled back into the digester. The SCC can be supplied directly as slurry or dried and bagged for market.
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By the use of this process, we reduce waste lime and carbon dioxide emissions into the environment. Carbide lime in particular is a waste problem in many countries. Currently, this waste lime is stored in large ponds with no or very limited disposal processes available. Its high pH has potential pollution impacts to soil and ground water. This is a common environmental problem in the former Eastern Block countries, including the eastern section of Germany and Slovakia and remains a problem in other industrial nations. Many of these governments have regulations for the clean up of these ponds, which gives us the opportunity to have sources of free or low cost waste lime. Many private companies are also willing to supply waste lime at little or no cost because they have limited storage for the waste lime. Additionally, each year over half a million tons of waste lime is created as a by-product of on-going acetylene plants alone. Although availability of new waste carbide lime from acetylene production will reduce in the future, we expect to utilize other available waste lime sources.
Conventional PCC Process
Other PCC producers must use the conventional method for producing their PCC starting from high-grade limestone. High-grade limestone deposits are found in quarries that must be mined, creating dust and noise pollution and leaving scars on the land. The conventional process involves calcining high quality white limestone to produce high purity quicklime. The quicklime is slaked with water to create milk of lime. PCC is produced by sparging carbon dioxide through a batch reactor containing the milk of lime, then the PCC is filtered and sold dried or as slurry.
SCC Versus PCC Production Process
Below are figures, which describe the differences between the SCC process and the PCC process.
The SCC Process
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Conventional PCC Production
As shown above, there are a number of ways in which the SCC process differs from the conventional process. The advantages resulting from the differences between the SCC process and the PCC process are as follows:
| • | | The SCC process does not require lime slaking and classification steps. This gives us significant advantages in both quality and cost effectiveness. |
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| • | | The SCC process includes a digester circuit that facilitates the use of any waste lime, such as carbide lime, thereby removing the need to purchase lime as is required in the conventional process. |
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| • | | The SCC process includes a promoter recycle loop to enhance the process economics. Any impurities in the lime feed are rejected as insolubles in the digester resulting in a final SCC product of the highest purity. SCC is independent of the purity of the starting material and is always superior to that of the starting material. |
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| • | | In the SCC process, the total lime content is present in solution whereas in the conventional process the lime is present in suspension (milk-of-lime). The reaction times in the SCC process are therefore much shorter than in the conventional process as the |
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| | | SCC process eliminates the slow lime dissolution step. This advantage allows for the use of smaller equipment as well as providing a much higher degree of control over the process. The SCC solution process is therefore more flexible and easier controlled than the conventional suspension process enabling a narrower particle size distribution. Additionally, the higher level of control enables SCC to tailor make products in a wide range of crystal sizes, from nano-sized product (< 0.1micron) up to 20micron, so that various markets can be served. |
Patents
We first applied to patent our process of transforming waste lime into high quality SCC in 1998 and subsequently a patent was granted the United Kingdom. An international application was filed under the European Patent Cooperation Treaty in December of 1999 to expand the protection of our intellectual property on an international level. The patent examination was completed in May 2001 and patents were granted on July 31, 2003 in 13 European countries. Since then, patents have also been granted in Eurasia (Russia and the independent states formerly part of the Soviet Union), South Africa, Hong Kong, Indonesia, China, Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Australia, New Zealand and Poland. We have implemented patent registration in an extensive number of countries worldwide, including United States, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Japan, and Norway.
Development of the SCC Technology
The research and development of our SCC process began in 1994 with J.W. Bunger & Associates, a technical research company based in Salt Lake City, USA. This led to a research project associated with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland and University of Lyon in France. We began a pilot project in Manchester, England, which ran between September 1998 and November 1999. During the pilot project, we were successful in converting waste-lime into high quality SCC. The Recherche et Valorisation des Mineraux (“RVM”) of Paris, France confirmed the application as a superior quality paper coating pigment, a market currently dominated by GCC and kaolin. The pilot plant was moved to the site of an industrial partner at Odda in Norway, where the SCC development program continued.
In 2002, worldwide PCC capacity was 7 million tons, of which two thirds was utilized by the paper industry. Sales of PCC totalled approximately U.S. $1.3 billion. However, the entire pigments for paper market totalled 27 million tones per annum worth approximately $5 billion. Within the paper industry, SCC is aimed at the coatings sector, currently dominated by Kaolin and GCC. In Western Europe, consumption of kaolin and GCC for coating was 2.6 million tons and 3.7 million tons respectively in 2002, representing around $1.5 billion in sales.
On July 8, 2002, we announced that we had commissioned and fine-tuned our Synthetic Calcium Carbonate “SCC” small scale production plant at Leuna, Germany. Presentations were held at Leuna in September 2002 to introduce the new small plant and our SCC technology to a variety of interested parties, including potential project partners, financial institutions and those from the region that may be involved with the project. This small plant was designed for a maximum capacity of 800 tons per annum. A laboratory facility was also installed adjacent to the plant. Confirmation and fine-tuning of the key operational parameters of this plant was necessary as a result of the large scale-up from the original pilot plant. This plant was capable of meeting all bulk sample production requirements generally required for paper trials. We upgraded this plant in 2004 to improve the integration of the various elements of the process in order to increase capacity to meet an increased sample demand by from paper companies. A further upgrade is planned to run the plant on a shift basis, thereby enabling the plant to run on a more continuous basis. Its on-going function will be the testing of raw materials from various other sites located around the world in order to ascertain not only their suitability to the SCC process but also the quality of SCC that can be produced and the ongoing production of samples for sales purposes and product developments with certain customers. Fees for this work are not currently, but will be charged by CalciTech Deutschland GmbH.
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The plant up-cycles carbide lime from the nearby Hochhalde Deposit at Schkopau by using its on-site CO2. This plant is now capable of consistently producing a range of SCC products from sub-micron-sized crystals to large monolithic crystals of up to 20 microns, all with a brightness of over 96% ISO and a steep particle size distribution. The SCC process produces particles of uniform size and shape, tailor made to the needs of our end markets. For the paper industry this means that a new pigment will be available that addresses key issues such as quality and runnability improvements.
Test in the small-scale plant has shown that we are able to produce uniform particles at the nano-size level. It is our intention to explore these capabilities further and we are currently looking for a technology partner to implement a research and development program.
In October 2002, we completed trials at the Centre Technique du Papier at Grenoble in France and with a paper manufacturer. These results met our expectations and led to the design and launch in February 2003 of our first two SCC products: CalciLSTM and CalciSGTM.
Development and Marketing of SCC Product
The SCC products manufactured by the use of our SCC process involves the selective dissolution of calcium from industrial waste and its subsequent precipitation from solution with waste CO2 into pure calcium carbonate. The high calcium selectivity at the initial dissolution step guarantees the final purity of the product at a unique level. The solution environment assures the exceptional uniformity of the final precipitate with easy control of the desired particle size, particle size distribution and crystal morphology.
We initially developed SCC products for the paper industry. However, since the introduction of our SCC products to the paper industry in February 2003, we have developed two non-paper SCC products targeting the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, and the plastic, sealant, rubber and adhesives industries.
Paper Industry
We currently have three SCC products targeting the paper industry: CalciLSTM, CalciSGTM and CalciRGTM. CalciLSTM and CalciSGTM were our first two SCC products we launched and are directed at the high value end of the paper pigment market.
CalciLSTM Products.CalciLSTM is designed to maximize light scattering. CalciLSTM is targeted to partially replace and extend costly Titanium Dioxide “TiO2”, Aluminium TriHydrate “ATH” and Precipitated Silica “PS” and substitute calcined clay in fine paper applications and Super Calendered A+ (“SCA+”) on a cost effective basis. Examples of such applications are Bible paper, security paper, laminating paper, auto-adhesive labels, flexible packaging etc. Several trial runs on various applications confirmed the high performance of CalciLSTM. Using CalciLSTM in pre-coating, allows board producers to totally replace calcined clay, while finished product quality remains at the high levels required. CalciLSTM used as filler in SCA+ grades shows similar impressive results. Brightness increases of around 2.5 units can be expected, while opacity is maintained at levels reached with standard PCC filler. Porosity, a very important parameter for this type of paper grade, will also improve significantly.
CalciLSTM is also very suitable for pigmentation applications. Adding CalciLSTM to a starch based formulation helps the papermaker to increase brightness and opacity. The low binder demand due to the absence of fines will maintain paper dusting levels at normal levels.
CalciSGTM Products.CalciSGTM, is designed to provide a super gloss coating for premium grade printing and writing papers including both Ultra Light Weight Coated (“ULWC”) and Light Weight Coated (“LWC”) and coated folding boxboard. In the latter application, CalciSGTM allows for a reduction in calendaring nips to improve bulk at no loss in gloss.
CalciRGTM Products.In October 2004, we launched our third product, CalciRGTM for the paper coatings market. CalciRGTM is a performance-enhancing additive aimed at the rotogravure market. For
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the launch of this product, we worked closely with our potential customers to identify specific needs. CalciRGTM was designed and developed in collaboration with these customers, and thoroughly tested in commercial trials, showing the unique properties of our SCC based products.
Rotogravure is a printing method used, among others, for LWC and ULWC. These paper grades are predominantly aimed at the highly competitive catalogue and magazine markets, where bulk is an important factor contributing to costs. Lightweight papers typically consist of approximately 30% coating material. The worldwide market for LWC and ULWC papers is estimated to be around 10 million tons of which approximately 7 million tons is produced in Europe, with the US and Japan accounting for the balance. This market segment of the paper industry is intensely competitive. Other market segments using rotogravure are super calendered papers and lightweight papers for flexible packaging.
First commercial tests have shown that substituting as little as 10% of the original coatings mix with CalciRGTM show a significant improvement in opacity, a very important quality parameter in this segment due to the thinness of the paper and the demands for high quality prints. Other characteristics such as brightness, roughness reduction, and smoothness also showed a significant improvement in performance.
In addition to the normal quality parameters, CalciRGTM has the same rheological characteristics as our other SCC related products. With typical machine speeds for these paper types of around 2,000 m/min (75 mph), rheology of the coatings mix is extremely important. Using CalciRGTM as an additive to an existing coating product for the LWC and ULWC can provide a paper producer and its supplier of coating material with important cost and quality related competitive advantages.
In November 2004, we announced the results of the most exhaustive trial programme to date of our SCC based products, carried out by BASF. BASF is the dominant supplier to the paper coating industry for various additives. These additives do not have a pigment related function such as SCC but impart certain properties on the coatings mix and typically contribute up to 15%. A good example of this group of additives is a binding agent. BASF approached us in order to ascertain whether its additives would be compatible with SCC based products.
In the trials our SCC product was benchmarked against leading products in the mineral pigments for paper industry. It was shown that our SCC:
| • | | Is the only product to show consistent low viscosity at all shear levels:applying our SCC in a coatings mix will positively influence the running behaviour of the paper producing machinery, leading to increased productivity and lower costs. |
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| • | | Imparts superior whiteness and brightness: these are essential product quality parameters, required to produce high quality high-end paper. |
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| • | | Leads to greater opacity:another very important quality parameter, especially important for light-weight papers. |
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| • | | Has superior print gloss:this parameter greatly determines the quality of the printed product. Our SCC imparts a higher gloss on the coated paper, but over and above that, the contrast between the print and background shows superiority as well. |
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| • | | Gives slow ink settling:this leads to lower ink consumption and hence significant cost savings for the printer. |
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| • | | Provides superior rotogravure printability. |
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Following these tests using CalciSGTM, we developed our latest product, CalciRGTM for the rotogravure market as a high-end additive to Kaolin. In total, over twenty trials have been conducted with both scientific institutions and commercial paper producers, varying from lab scale to full-scale machine trials.
In April 2003, we appointed GUSCO Handel as our sole sales representative to the paper and board industry in Europe for our SCC products: CalciLSTM and CalciSGTM GUSCO Handel is a subsidiary of family owned G. Schürfeld Group, founded in 1937 and is active as an accredited agency in the marketing and sales of forest products (pulp, paper, board and timber). Other parts of the Schürfeld Group include Cellpap Terminal Kiel GmbH, which specializes in the handling, storage and distribution of forest products, Drewsen Spezialpapiere GmbH & Co.KG, a well respected manufacturer of tailor made wood free specialty papers and Schleipen & Erkens, a paper converter that focuses on silicon coating for label paper. The broad experience of GUSCO Handel in the paper industry gained from its wide customer relations developed over many years, made them spot the unique growth opportunity presented by our SCC. GUSCO Handel was appointed as our European sales representative for paper to commence pre sales and reservation for the planned production from its proposed first commercial plant in Germany. We built a small scale plant at Leuna, Germany, and we also retained the services of W S Atkins plc of Stockport, UK as consulting engineers for our first large scale commercial plant, which resulted in their production of an in depth feasibility study and technical due diligence report. In September 2007, the Company received all the permitting document for the planned plant.
By the end of February 2005 we received Letters of Intent (“LOI”) from various German companies in the paper industry for our SCC products: CalciLSTM and CalciSGTM. These LOI are subject to a definitive agreement that is to be executed upon the completion of a full-scale production plant in Leuna. If and when these LOI are converted into definitive contracts, we believe that approximately 80% of the projected revenue for our first planned merchant facility in Germany will be derived from these definitive contracts. The customers who have signed the LOI are a cross section of major German companies in the paper industry. Each customer has signed confidentiality agreements and tested, at their own expense, our SCC sample product in their manufacturing process. The sample product has been purchased by GUSCO Handel as part of our agreement with GUSCO Handel and GUSCO Handel has the right to recover the sample cost in the event that any sale revenue is generated from the definitive agreements. Furthermore, GUSCO Handel has undertaken to collect all revenues earned on our behalf and guarantee our customer payments for an additional fee.
Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Industries
CalciSPTM Product. In October 2005, we launched our first product following the implementation of our diversification strategy. This product, CalciSPTM, is our first non-paper product that is aimed at the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. We launched this product following tests by the Geneva Institute of Technology, certifying that CalciSPTM shows extreme high purity, especially regarding heavy metals content. With the target industries for this product moving increasingly towards higher purity products, we expect that both the purity and processibility characteristics of CalciSPTM will contribute to advantageous competitive characteristics.
The firsts tests carried out on CalciSPTM show that the product has certain characteristics that make it very suitable for use in bakery and cacao products. Further tests are currently being conducted on other applications within the target markets. Since its introduction in October 2005, we have been marketing this product in trade shows and assessing different opportunities for the distribution of this product.
Plastic, Sealant, Rubber and Adhesives Industry
CalciRCTM Product. In January 2006, we launched our latest product, CalciRCTM. This product is aimed at polymer applications such as plastics, sealants, rubber and adhesives. Initial trials within the plastics industries have shown that CalciRCTM significantly improves certain strength characteristics of
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the finished product. Further trials are currently being conducted into the processibility characteristics of the product.
Paint Industry
SCC products are currently being developed and are expected to be launched in due course to serve the water based decorative paint market. While paint overall is growing at a rate of two percent (2%) annually, water based emulsion paint is growing at nine percent (9%) driven by environmental considerations and generally carries a premium price over paper industry products.
Business Activity: Small scale production plant
We have a small-scale production plan in Leuna, Germany. The small-scale production plant, while not a full size commercial plant, is, nevertheless, a commercial plant. Since we are able to manufacture final products suited for the paper industry, the small-scale production plant will earn fees for samples of waste conversion and sales sample requirements for our other projects in other regions. In addition, high grade PCC for the pharmaceutical industry is often sold in relatively small amounts and command prices in excess of EU 800 per ton. We intend to manufacture and sell high-grade product in these specialist areas where services are not available to meet such demands.
Business Activity: Germany
We have finalized our plans to build our first full scale commercial SCC plant at Leuna, near Leipzig, Germany, on which our financing negotiations are based. The plant will produce 100,000 tons of SCC per year. At this site, we have access to 98%+ pure flue CO2 from the local oil refinery’s stack emissions after treatment by Linde AG.
The Leuna plant will utilise burnt lime as its raw material, whereas for future plant development, we signed an agreement with the German government agency, Mitteldeutsche Sanierungs - und Entsorgungsgesellschaft mbH (“MDSE”), on March 2, 2000, giving us exclusive access to the carbide lime stored in a portion of MDSE’s waste dump in Schkopau, Germany and an option to purchase an additional waste pond. In May 2004, we executed a further agreement with the MDSE in Germany for the exclusive access to a further 2.5 million tons of carbide lime waste at the Schkopau site near Leuna.
Following these transactions, we have access to over 3.5 million tons of carbide lime, but the original agreements will require re-negotiation for economic reasons for the material to be used in any future plant. MDSE is the government agency responsible for the management of the Environmental Legacy of Eastern Germany. When we use this historical waste lime it will form part of MDSE’s plan for landscape recovery.
The German federal state of Sachsen-Anhalt will proceed with the approval process for the provision of a grant on receiving the house bank’s endorsement of the company’s application. A grant application was filed in December 2006 and it was proposed by the authority that this grant should be withdrawn so that the Company could re-apply and benefit from the more favourable 2007 grant. Due to delays in permitting the review by Brussels of all state guarantees and the rising commodity prices, particularly steel, we were unable to complete our due diligence exercise with the housebank prior to December 31, 2007, and on application to the grant office they kindly extended our deadline to early 2008. This will contribute 50% of the capital costs of the 100,000 tpa commercial plant located at Leuna. The grant is made available by the European Regional Structural Fund.
We are arranging 20% equity mainly within Germany and our housebank will arrange project finance of 30%.
We intend to produce slurry and dry products for sale in Germany and neighboring countries. Germany is currently the largest producer of coated paper with 4.75 million tones and a further 1.25
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million tones of coated board in 2003. Both applications currently use a mix of kaolin and GCC in their production.
Business Activity: Republic of Slovakia
We originally signed a memorandum of understanding with Novaky Chemical Company (“Novaky”) to form a joint venture company to produce SCC from Novaky’s waste lime. A joint venture agreement was signed on March 23, 2004. Novaky currently has over 1.5 million tons of waste lime in temporary storage and continues to produce more in its ongoing acetylene production. Following the granting of its patent in the Slovak Republic in February 2005, we commenced the technical, financial and marketing feasibility of a large production facility plant to serve the Central European market.
Under the terms of the memorandum of understanding, we will control the joint venture. We expect the project to qualify for environmental and investment incentives from The Republic of Slovakia, which is an early entrant to the European Union enlargement. Following the granting of our patent in Slovakia in 2006, we are now actively working on developing this project.
Novaky, a renowned chemical conglomerate with a turnover of around $170 million, was founded in 1940. The company manufactures intermediate products such as electrolysis products, basic organic chemicals, vinyl chloride as well as end products manufactured from these intermediates and from polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”). Products are sold on both the domestic and the wider European market. Previously a state company, Novaky was partially privatized in 2001 when Canadian company Exall Resources was selected by the Slovak National Property Fund to buy a 40.97% stake in the company. With the entrance of the Slovak Republic into the EC, compliance with environmental standards has become critical. It was, therefore, the company that approached us for use of our proprietary technology in solving their carbide lime related environmental problems.
Business Activity: Americas
In August 2002, we appointed Charles Kunesh, formerly research director of Specialty Minerals Inc. in America, to represent our program to identify suitable waste deposits for possible SCC manufacture. This has led to a number of discussions and we announced in April 2003 an agreement to conduct feasibility studies for such a project with Carbide Industries LLC of Louisville, Kentucky. We are not pursuing this project or any other North American project at the present time until commencement of our roll out programme.
Bubbletube
To address the problems associated with scaling up of reactors in the chemical industry from a small pilot plant to full-scale production, we worked with the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne in a project sponsored by the European Commission called the “Bubbletube.” Scaling up can take about a third of the time it takes to bring a product to market and often affects its quality and yield.
In November 2000, we received the European patent for the Bubbletube followed in January 2003 by the grant of the US patent. The Bubbletube is a new tubular segmented plug flow reactor for the synthesis of fine powders by precipitation. The technology uses two non-miscible fluids to generate micro reactors in which the precipitation reagents are thoroughly mixed. The micro-reactors yield precipitated particles that are uniform, small with a controlled morphology. Although this technology may have future uses for PCC, it is not expected to have uses in the SCC technology we are currently bringing in to use. Our participation with Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (“EPFL”) led to its acquisition of patent rights with the agreement to license certain fields, particularly in the area of Ceramics, back to EPFL. We had been the financial coordinator of a development program consisting of seven participating organizations funded by a three million Euro grant from the European Union. We participated in the market research element of this development. This program ceased on January 1, 2002 and certain participants are continuing to develop the technology to the next stage. However, we are not participating in this stage.
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We decided the technology had no value in relation to our SCC technology, nor as a stand-alone product for development warranting further investment and decided to cease spending technology development funds on this initiative. In December of 2004, we assigned the patents relating to the intellectual property rights for CHF 35,000, the amount of the direct patenting costs, to TechPowder SA of Lausanne, Switzerland, a spin off of the original consortium.
No value was previously assigned to the Bubbletube patent in our financial statements.
Other Products, Patents and Licenses
We hold licenses to develop, produce and sell Trylene Gas, which is an acetylene based fuel gas. We also hold a Canadian patent covering certain processes producing Calcium Carbonates (No. 1179138). Our Canadian patent No. 1145113 expired on April 27, 2000 and patent No. 11791138 expired on December 11, 2001. We also hold a license to a U.S. patent on an acetylene gas process. Currently, we are not exploiting these patents or licenses, which were not assigned any value in the financial statements.
We first applied to patent our process of transforming waste lime into high quality SCC in 1998 and subsequently a patent was granted the United Kingdom. An international application was filed under the European Patent Cooperation Treaty in December of 1999 to expand the protection of our intellectual property on an international level. The patent examination was completed in May 2001 and patents were granted on July 31, 2003 in 13 European countries. Since then, patents have also been granted in Eurasia (Russia and the independent states formerly part of the Soviet Union), South Africa, Hong Kong, China, Indonesia, Slovakia, Australia and New Zealand. We have implemented patent registration in an extensive number of countries worldwide, including the United States, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Japan, Korea, Norway, and Poland.
We have no registered trademarks and no pending trademark applications.
Financing
During February 2004, our 6% convertible debentures with a value of $4,402,000 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 5% debentures with a value of $4,642,000 to December 28, 2007. All terms of the convertible debentures remain unchanged from the original debenture notes.
During June 2004, holders of the 5% convertible debentures were offered a proposal to amend the terms of their notes. The notes were amended to change (1) the conversion date to December 31, 2007 and (2) the conversion price to $1.75 per share. All other terms and conditions of the 5% convertible debenture remained the same. As of this date, all of the 5% convertible debentures have been amended.
On January 26, 2005, we concluded a private placement for a total of $2,250,000. The placement consisted of the issuing of 9,000,000 units, each unit consisting of one common share priced at $0.25, with one full common share purchase warrant for twelve months priced at $0.35 and one half warrant for twenty four months priced at $0.25. The placement was conducted pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, provided for in Regulation S promulgated thereunder, as a placement made exclusively to persons who are not “U.S. Persons” as defined in the exemption. The proceeds of the placement were used in part towards upgrading our small-scale production plant in Germany from a batch process to a more fully integrated operation, thereby increasing our production capacity; completion of worldwide patent applications; further development of our new premium additive product, CalciRG; and for general working capital purposes.
On January 21, 2006 warrant holders exercised their right to convert 9,000,000 warrants to ordinary shares at a cost of $0.35 per share, raising $3,150,000.
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On January 24, 2007, we announced that the Directors of the Company had agreed to extend its $0.50 warrants, originally to mature on January 25, 2007, by one month, the new maturity date being February 25, 2007. The extended warrants were not covered and have now lapsed. The Company has no further warrants outstanding.
We are currently financed through a loan facility, up to $2,500,000, from Epsom Investment Services N.V. In September 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert $2,001,000 of the balance due under the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.29 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 6,900,000 common shares. In addition, in December 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $1,259,697 of the balance due under the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.30 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 4,198,990 common shares. In December 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to extend the credit facility to August 30, 2009 .
In addition, we have outstanding convertible debenture notes, with a maturity date of December 31, 2009, which are only repayable in cash at our option. Holders of the debenture notes do not have such an option and may only convert into our Common Shares at a conversion price of $1.75 on the maturity date. This, therefore, has no effect on our liquidity.
Revenue
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and period ended December 31, 2006, we received revenues totaling $58,000 and $47,000 respectively from the sale of SCC samples. Please see the Consolidated Statement of Income and Item 8, Selected Financial Data, and Item 9, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for more information.
Dependence on Customers and Suppliers
We are not dependent upon a single or a few customers or suppliers for revenues for our operations.
Project and Product Development
During the period ended December 31, 2006 and continuing through the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, we moved out of the research and development stage and into the commercialization stage, and project and product development. Accordingly, we no longer incur project nor research and development expenses. $1,019,984 spent in the year on project and product development appears on the Balance Sheet as an intangible asset. We expensed $NIL on research and development in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
We expensed $NIL on research and development in the year ended December 31, 2007 and $NIL in the period ended December 31, 2006.
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Organizational Structure:The following is our organizational chart:
4C. Property, Plant and Equipment
We hold a lease on our administrative service office facility in Switzerland, expiring in October 2010. After October 2010, we intend to continue to locate our principal facility in Switzerland, but will reassess our need for future expansion to meet our business plan.
We maintain a Synthetic Calcium Carbonate “SCC” small scale production plant at Leuna, Germany. This small plant has a maximum capacity of 800 tonnes per annum. A suitably equipped laboratory facility has also been installed adjacent to the plant, in the same building. No additional land or rental is involved.
Construction of the 100,000 tonnes per annum SCC plant in Leuna, Germany is expected to commence in the second quarter of 2008. The cost of the construction is estimated at Euros 50 million. Construction and commissioning are expected to take 18 months.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
Overview
We are currently in the process of commercialising our SCC based products. An important aspect of this commercialisation has been the building and commissioning of our small-scale production plant in Leuna, Germany. This facility has mainly been producing samples for potential clients to assess the desirability for their use in the production of coated paper. The trials conducted, varying from bench-
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scale testing to full machine trials, have been successful. We have received responses from paper producers indicating their interest to acquire substantial quantities of our SCC based products once the first full-scale commercial-scale plant has been commissioned.
More recently, we have provided sample material from the small-scale plant in dried form to non-paper companies. These trials, in the plastics, food and other industry sectors, have been successful and have led us to add a drying facility onto the planned large-scale plant at Leuna in order to be able to serve this part of the market.
We are securing the financing for our commercial 100,000 tpa plant in Leuna, Germany. At completion this will be financed by:
| • | | Grant from European Structural Fund: up to 50% of the capital expenditure for the first plant, |
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| • | | 20% of capital expenditure arranged by the Company, and |
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| • | | 30% of capital expenditure by the German subsidiary company’s house bank. |
Letters of Intent (LoIs) and contracts have been submitted for take-off of production once this plant is commissioned. These LoIs and contracts substantially oversubscribe the 100,000 tpa planned capacity.
We are currently financed through a loan facility, up to $2,500,000, from Epsom Investment Services N.V. Epsom Investment Services N.V. has extended the credit facility to August 30, 2009. In addition, we have outstanding convertible debenture notes, with a maturity date of December 31, 2009, which are only repayable in cash at our option. Holders of the debenture notes do not have such an option and may only convert into our Common Shares at a conversion price of $1.75 on the maturity date. This, therefore, has no effect on our liquidity.
Critical accounting policies
The significant accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results include the following:
Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. Under the going concern assumption, an entity is ordinarily viewed as continuing in business for the foreseeable future with neither the intention nor the necessity of liquidation, ceasing trading or seeking protection from creditors pursuant to laws or regulations. In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, management takes into account all available information for the foreseeable future, in particular for the 12 months from the approval of the financial statements.
Assets and liabilities are recorded on the basis that we will be able to realize our assets and discharge our liabilities in the normal course of business. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
5A. Operating Results
The following discussion and analysis relates to items that have affected our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, ten months ended December 31, 2006, and ten months ended December 31, 2005 (unaudited). During 2006, we changed our fiscal year end from February 28 to December 31, effective December 31, 2006. Accordingly, we have presented below, for comparative purposes, unaudited historical statements of operation for the ten months ended December 31, 2005. The information contained in the table below should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Annual Report on Form 20-F.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | (Unaudited) | |
| | Year Ended | | | 10 Months Ended | | | 10 Months Ended | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
OPERATING REVENUE | | $ | 58,000 | | | $ | 48,000 | | | $ | 13,000 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
COST OF REVENUES | | ($ | 60,000 | ) | | ($ | 32,000 | ) | | ($ | 43,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
GROSS MARGIN | | ($ | 2,000 | ) | | $ | 16,000 | | | ($ | 30,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Research and development expenses | | $ | -0- | | | $ | -0- | | | $ | -0- | |
Project development expenses | | $ | -0- | | | $ | -0- | | | $ | -0- | |
Product development expenses | | $ | -0- | | | $ | -0- | | | $ | 242,000 | |
General and administrative expenses | | $ | 313,000 | | | $ | 410,000 | | | $ | 897,000 | |
OPERATING LOSS | | ($ | 314,000 | ) | | ($ | 394,000 | ) | | ($ | 1,169,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
NET LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES | | ($ | 656,000 | ) | | ($ | 622,000 | ) | | ($ | 1,619,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES | | ($ | 22,000 | ) | | $ | 2,000 | | | $ | -0- | |
| | | | | | | | | |
NET LOSS | | ($ | 678,000 | ) | | ($ | 620,000 | ) | | ($ | 1,619,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
December 31, 2007 compared to December 31, 2006.
Revenue. We had revenues totalling $58,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $48,000 for the period ended December 31, 2006. Revenues are derived from sales of samples produced at the small-scale production facility in Leuna, Germany.
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Expenses. Product development and project development costs remained at $NIL. Product development and project development expenditure of $1,020,000 (December 31, 2006: $1,011,000) was capitalised as an intangible asset. General and administration expenses increased $59,000 to $683,000. This is explained by a full 12 months expenditure in 2007 as compared to 10 months in 2006. Even though we are now firmly engaged in the commercialization stage, project and product development continue but are recorded as Intangible Assets.
Net Loss. The net loss in year ended December 31, 2007 increased to $678,000. In the 10 month period ended December 31, 2006 it was $620,000.
December 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005 (unaudited).
Revenue. We had revenues totalling $48,000 for the period ended December 31, 2006 compared to $14,000 for December 31, 2005. Revenues are derived from sales of samples produced at the small-scale production facility in Leuna, Germany.
Expenses. Product development costs decreased from $176,000 to $NIL, and project development costs remained at $NIL. Project Development expenditure of $1,011,000 was capitalised as an intangible asset. General and administration expenses decreased $253,000 to $624,000. This is explained by expenditure that was incurred on the Commercial Plant and which has been included in Intagible Assets in the Balance Sheet. Even though we are now in the commercialization stage, project and product development continue but are recorded as Intangible Assets.
Net Loss. The net loss in fiscal year 2006 decreased to $620,000 from $1,619,000, in 2005 as a result of classifying Project and Product Development expenditure in the Balance Sheet as an Intangible Asset.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
A significant portion of our business is conducted in currencies other than the United States dollar. As a result, we are subject to exposure from movements in foreign currency exchange rates. We do not currently engage in hedging transactions designed to manage currency fluctuation risks. See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 2.5. Foreign Currency Translation.
Inflation
Historically, inflation has not affected our business in the current locations where it does business and we do not expect that it will do in the future.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
We are not currently subject to adverse movement in interest rates because our credit facilities are fixed at an interest rate of 8.50% and Convertible Debentures at an interest rate of 6%. The credit facility agreement requires repayment on August 31, 2009. We may redeem the Convertible Debentures before December 31, 2009. We do not currently engage in hedging transactions designed to manage interest rate fluctuation risks.
5B. Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2007, our working capital deficiency increased to $1,000,000 from the working capital deficiency of $698,000 on December 31, 2006. Cash deposits were down $267,000 and current liabilities were up $73,000 on December 31, 2006.
As of December 31, 2006, our working capital deficiency decreased to $698,000 from the working capital deficiency of $990,000 on December 31, 2005. This decrease was largely as a result of the exercise of warrants, completed in January 2006, which raised $3,150,000. On February 28, 2005,
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our working capital deficiency decreased to $359,000 from a working capital deficiency of $1,848,000 on February 29, 2004. This decrease was a result of raising $2,250,000 on January 27, 2005 from a private placement of 9,000,000 shares priced at $0.25.
To develop and commercialize our SCC technology, we believe we will require approximately $6,000,000 for working capital for the next 12 months. However, given the cash on hand of $113,000, together with the credit facility of $2,500,000, of which $870,000 is un-utilized at the balance sheet date, and the continuing downward trend of expenses, we have sufficient working capital to meet our current obligations for the next 12 months. We have received assurances from the provider of this credit facility that it will continue to keep this credit facility available for this period although such assurances are not legally binding. To develop commercial production of the SCC products, this credit facility would be insufficient and further funding would be required.
The credit facility agreement with Epsom Investment Services N.V. to provide up to $5,000,000 was re-negotiated during February 2003 whereby the maximum amount of draw down was reduced to $2,500,000 with a reduction in interest charged to 7.5% per annum. During February 2005 this facility was extended to August 31, 2006. Also at this time Epsom agreed to convert part of this facility into equity for $1,400,000. As at February 28, 2006, $213,000 of this facility had been drawn down. Furthermore, effective December 2006, Epsom agreed to further extend this facility until August 2008. Pursuant to an addendum to the credit facility agreement dated August 2006, effective as of February 2006 Epsom Investment Services N.V. no longer has a right to convert outstanding balance into our Common Shares.
We will need approximately $15,000,000 to build our first full-scale plant with a production capacity of 100,000 tons per annum. The construction of the plant is being financed by a grant from the European Structural fund for up to 50% of the capital expenditure for the first plant, and the remainder from arrangements made by the Company and by the German subsidiary company’s house bank.
During February 2004, our 6% convertible debentures with a value of $4,402,000 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 5% debentures with a value of $4,642,000 to February 28, 2005. All terms of the convertible debentures remain unchanged from the original debenture notes.
During June 2004, holders of the 5% convertible debentures were offered a proposal to amend the terms of their notes. The notes were amended to change (1) the conversion date to December 31, 2007 and (2) the conversion price to $1.75 per share. All other terms and conditions of the 5% convertible debenture remained the same. As of this date, all of the 5% convertible debentures have been amended.
On January 26, 2005, we concluded a private placement for a total of $2,250,000. The placement consisted of the issuing of 9,000,000 units, each unit consisting of one common share priced at $0.25, with one full common share purchase warrant for twelve months priced at $0.35 and one half warrant for twenty four months priced at $0.50. The placement was compliant with Regulation S of the United States Securities Act of 1933. Under this regulation, shares offered exclusively to non-US residents are subject to trading restrictions as laid down in our jurisdiction of domicile, which in our case is Bermuda. Resulting from this regulation, shares issued in the placement were subject to a trading restriction of 40 days. On January 21, 2006 warrant holders exercised their right to convert 9,000,000 warrants to ordinary shares at a cost of $0.35 per share, raising $3,150,000.
In February 2005, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $1,400,000 of the balance due under the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.20 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 7,000,000 common shares. In addition, in February 2003, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $600,000 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.24 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 2,531,645 common shares. In February 2004, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $2,000,000 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement
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into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.20 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 10,010,510 common shares. In December 2006, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to extend the credit facility to August 30, 2008.
In September 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert $2,001,000 of the balance due under the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.29 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 6,900,000 common shares. In addition, in December 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $1,259,697 of the balance due under the credit facility agreement into our Common Shares on the basis of one share for each $0.30 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 4,198,990 common shares. In December 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to extend the credit facility to August 30, 2009.
Additional financing will be required to enable us to implement our business strategy of growth, which includes investment in joint ventures in the SCC industry. No assurances can be given that we will be able to raise cash from additional financing efforts. If we are unable to obtain sufficient funds from future financing, we may not be able to fully achieve our business objectives.
5C. Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
We expensed $NIL in the year ended December 31, 2007 and $NIL in the ten month period December 31, 2006 on research and development.
5D. Trend Information
Revenue from the principal activity commenced for trial purposes since the year ended February 29, 2004. At the present time, we have not generated any revenue from producing SCC on a commercial scale and have incurred substantial losses due to expenses associated with our close of past Trylene and Acetylene Gas businesses and research and development expenses.
5E. Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
None.
5F. Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations
Contractual obligations for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 are disclosed as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Payments Due by Period | |
Contractual Obligations | | Total | | | < 1 year | | | 1-3 years | | | 4-5 years | | | > 5 years | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Credit facility | | | 1,630 | | | | 0 | | | | 1,630 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Convertible debentures | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Debenture Interest payable | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Equipment leasing | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Property rental | | | 140,400 | | | | 37,440 | | | | 103,000 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Contractual Cash Obligations | | | 142,030 | | | | 37,440 | | | | 104,630 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
We categorized our contractual obligations based on the following:
Credit facility.This is the balance on the credit facility with Epsom as at December 31, 2007. It is not repayable until August 2009 and is therefore a non-current liability. Under the original the credit facility agreement with Epsom, any outstanding balance due under the credit facility agreement can be converted in part or in whole into our Common Shares at any time at the option of the Epsom Investment Services NV. The conversion price is equal to 80% of the trading price per share of our Common Share
20
on the date such note was made or additional advances were made. However, effective as of February 2006, the outstanding balance is no longer convertible into our Common Shares.
Convertible Debentures. The convertible debentures expired at December 31, 2007. However, debenture holders were offered and accepted new debentures with a maturity date of December 31, 2009, and falls into the 1-3 year(s) period.
Interest payable. The interest payable on convertible debentures is due up to the date of maturity.
Property Rental. The lease for the building containing the Small Scale Plant expires in September 2011.
6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
6A. Directors, Senior Management
The following is a list of our directors and officers and a brief description of their business experience. There are no family relationships between any officers and directors.
At our Annual General Meeting of Shareholders held on July 20, 2007 the Board of Directors were elected.
| | | | | | | | |
Name | | Age | | Positions Held | | Period |
Roger A. Leopard | | | 65 | | | Director | | June 2001 — Present |
| | | | | | President and Chief Executive Officer | | February 2000 — Present |
Alan Edward Perkins | | | 70 | | | Director | | February 2005 — Present |
John M. Smith | | | 72 | | | Director | | August 1993 — Present |
Howard Edmund Browning | | | 64 | | | Director | | March 2005 — Present |
Nicholas Meadmore | | | 58 | | | Chief Financial Officer | | September 2005 — Present |
Roger A. Leopard.Mr. Leopard is our Chief Executive Officer, President and Director. Mr. Leopard is a Chartered Accountant, initially with Deloittes until leaving the profession in 1966 to join The Great Universal Stores as Assistant Treasurer. He played a key role in the development of the corporation’s financial services division. In 1976, Mr. Leopard was appointed Vice President of Finance of the CIG Group, a computer leasing and related product marketing and service operation with diversified European operations. He was subsequently appointed Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive of CIG Group’s U.S. listed parent company. During this period, he specialized in innovative methods of financing a wide range of businesses and was involved in early stage company development and finance. This involved the arranging of funding for many commercial organizations in North America, Western Europe, Russia and the CIG Group. Before becoming our director, Mr. Leopard was a director of Epsom Investment Services N.V. Upon his appointment, he resigned from this position and is no longer involved with Epsom Investment Services N.V.
Alan Edward Perkins.Mr. Perkins is our Director, and has a long and distinguished career in investment management with exposure to a wide range of clients and commercial situations, developing strong business and technical skills. Most recently, he was instrumental in the establishment of Pavilion Asset Management Ltd. As an investment subsidiary of Family Assurance Friendly Society, Mr. Perkins
21
also played a part in the subsequent acquisition of a major stake in the subsidiary by Seymour Pierce Group plc in September 2000. Until recently, he was the Chief Investment Officer of Pavilion and second in command, supervising their offices in Brighton, UK. Mr. Perkins was also responsible for managing the funds for two major clients, totalling £2 billion.
John M. Smith.Mr. Smith is our Director and earned his Bachelor of Arts degree with honours from the University of Hull, England. Mr. Smith has enjoyed a distinguished career in international banking; first with Barclays Bank from 1959 through 1971 in various postings worldwide, and subsequently as Assistant Manager with Barclays Geneva, which position he held until 1979. In 1979, Mr. Smith became a partner in a Geneva based fiduciary company. In 1989, he was appointed General Manager and subsequently, Managing Director of Rathbone Trust Company SA, a wholly owned subsidiary of Rathbone Brothers PLC, an established private banking and trust company quoted on the London Stock Exchange. Mr. Smith retired from his position as a non-executive director of Rathbone Trust Company SA on December 31, 2007. In 1995, Mr. Smith was awarded an MBE for voluntary services to the British Community in Switzerland.
Howard Edmund Browning.Dr. Browning is our Director, and obtained his MA and D. Phil. in Organic Chemistry at Oxford University and an IEP at Insead. Involved in the formation of Zeneca, he spent 27 years, from 1969 to 1996, with ICI/Zeneca, initially in research at ICI Plastics in the United Kingdom, then subsequently as Business Manager of ICI Resins and Petrochemicals, operating both in Europe and the Far East. Later as General Manager of ICI Bioproducts and Planning, he created the Zeneca Lifescience Molecules business. Since 1996, he has been Chairman of the Tullis Russell Group plc, the papermaking and converting group, in the United Kingdom. Dr. Browning comes with a wealth of experience in the areas in which we are embarking, such as paints, resins and more recently, the paper industry.
Nicholas Meadmore. Mr. Meadmore is our Chief Financial Officer, and brings to us over 30 years experience in international accounting and financial reporting. Following his completion of an MBA at Henley Management College in 1994, he spent six years in the international hotel and hospitality industry, among others, with Four Seasons. More recently, he spent four years with NGO’s in Geneva, Switzerland, including the World Health Organization.
6B. Compensation
During our fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, we paid an aggregate of $336,000 in compensation to our directors and officers as a group for services in all capacities. We did not make any payments for pension or retirement plans for officers and directors.
Directors’ Compensation
Directors who are not our employees are compensated by stock options and $1,000 for each board meeting attended, in addition to travel expenses. Directors, who are also our officers, do not receive additional compensation for serving as Directors.
Executive Compensation
The following table sets forth the aggregate cash compensation paid for the past fiscal year for executive compensation:
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SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Long Term Compensation |
| | | | | | Annual Compensation | | Awards | | and Payouts |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Securities | | | | |
| | | | | | Cash | | Other Annual | | Restricted | | Underlying | | LTIP | | All Other |
Name and | | Fiscal | | Compensation | | Compensation | | Stock | | Options | | Payouts | | Compensation |
Principal Position | | Period | | $ | | $ | | Award(s) | | # | | $ | | $ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Roger A. Leopard C.E.O. & President | | Dec 2007 | | | 218,000 | | | Nil | | Nil | | | 500,000 | | | Nil | | Nil |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nicholas Meadmore C.F.O. | | Dec 2007 | | | 118,000 | | | Nil | | Nil | | Nil | | Nil | | Nil |
6C. Board Practices
Our Directors serve a one-year term and are elected at the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. At the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, held on July 20, 2007 the shareholders elected Messrs. Roger A. Leopard, John M. Smith, Alan Edward Perkins and Howard Edmund Browning as Directors. Our officers are elected by the Board to serve at the pleasure of the Board. We have no contracts with any of our Directors that provide for payments upon termination.
During the period ended December 31, 2007, Messrs. Perkins and Smith comprised the Audit Committee and Messrs Leopard and Browning comprised the Compensation Committee. The primary functions of the Audit Committee are to review the scope and result of the audit performed by our independent accountants, our internal accounting controls, non-audit services performed by the independent accountants and the cost of accounting services. The Compensation Committee reviews all compensation proposed for senior management and Board members.
6D. Employees
Our subsidiary, CalciTech Group Services SA, has three (3) full-time employees and no part-time employees located in Switzerland. We have three (3) officers located in Switzerland: Mr. Leopard, Mr. Smith and Mr Meadmore. CalciTech Deutschland GmbH has five (5) full-time employees and no part-time employees located in Germany. We and our other subsidiaries do not have employees.
6E. Share Ownership
The following table sets forth the share ownership of our Officers and Directors as of date of March 31, 2008.
| | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | | |
| | Number of | | | | |
| | Shares | | | Percent | |
| | | | | | | | |
Roger A. Leopard (non-beneficial) | | | 1,095,625 | | | | 1.10 | % |
John M. Smith | | | 225,668 | | | | 0.23 | % |
Alan Perkins | | | 100,000 | | | | 0.10 | % |
Howard Browning | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Mr. Leopard is a non-beneficiary of the above shares as they are owned by a trust in which he has no interest.
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Stock Option Plan/Equity Incentive Plans
Our stock option plan is available for directors, officers and employees. Options may be granted with the approval of the Board of Directors and are subject to the approval of the listing authority. All options must be exercised within 30-days of the optionee leaving us, otherwise they lapse. Shareholders approved the plan and approve the directors’ authority to grant a certain number of options in their general meeting.
In 2005, following Mr. Tompkins’ decision not to stand for re-election to the Board of Directors, we entered into a consulting agreement with Mr. Tomkins for the delivery of services relating to the financing of projects by way of equity or debt as the parties may agree in writing from time to time. As part of the agreement, Mr. Tomkins’ options as granted will be maintained by us through to maturity.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, we issued no share options. The Balance of outstanding options is shown in the table below:
Outstanding Options
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares Underlying | | | | | | Purchase Price, if | | |
Name | | Options | | Exercise Price | | any | | Expiration Date |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Roger A Leopard | | | 500,000 | | | CAD $0.33 | | | — | | | October 10, 2008 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
H J M Tompkins | | | 250,000 | | | CAD $0.30 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | 250,000 | | | CAD $0.45 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | 100,000 | | | CAD $0.33 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | 100,000 | | | CAD $0.24 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
John M Smith | | | 250,000 | | | CAD $0.45 | | | — | | | February 25, 2008 |
| | | 100,000 | | | CAD $0.33 | | | — | | | October 10, 2008 |
| | | 100,000 | | | USD $0.24 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Marc Lakmaaker | | | 50,000 | | | CAD $0.33 | | | — | | | October 10, 2008 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Geoffrey Long | | | 100,000 | | | CAD $0.33 | | | — | | | October 10, 2008 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Alan E Perkins | | | 250,000 | | | USD $0.24 | | | — | | | February 25, 2010 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Howard E Browning | | | 250,000 | | | USD $0.23 | | | — | | | June 30, 2010 |
Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
7A. Major Shareholders
Past development expenditures were and are currently funded through a Credit Facility Agreement with Epsom Investment Services N.V. (“Epsom”), whose clients collectively hold less than 25% of the equity interest in us. Epsom has no control over these shares as they are held by clients in their own right. Subject to the foregoing, we are not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by any other corporation or by any foreign government. Further, we do not know of any arrangement, which may by its operation result in a change in our control at some subsequent date.
On July 18, 2005, New Star Institutional Managers, Ltd., Family UK Equity Fund, Stephen Whittaker, Gregor Logan, Mark Beale, Ian Bettie, Timothy Bray, Keith Brown, Howard Covington, John
24
Duffield, Anna Kirk, Richard Lewis, Rupert Francis James Henry Ruvigny, Michelle Sanders and Deborah Weekes collectively filed a Schedule 13G with the SEC to report their beneficial ownership of 4,419,000 Common Shares which constituted 5.5% of the outstanding Common Shares.
On January 16, 2006, New Star converted 1,919,000 warrants into common shares. As per the New Star latest filing of Schedule 13G/A with the SEC, their current holding is 6,338,000 shares which represents 6.3% of the outstanding common shares.
As of December 31, 2007, there were 1,350 record holders of Common Shares in the United States representing approximately 97.5% of the total shareholders as reported to be held in the records of Computershare Trust Company, the Registrar and Transfer Agent for the Common Shares.
7B. Related Party Transactions
The amount paid to our shareholders, directors and officers and their related companies for consulting and other services totaled $105,000 and $230,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007 and for the period ended December 31, 2006.
In the financial year ended December 31, 2007, this amount included $7,000 paid to directors and $99,000 paid to EuroHelvetia TrustCo S.A. In the financial year ended December 31, 2006, this amount included $52,000 paid to directors ($245,000 in the year ended February 28, 2006) and $275,000 paid to EuroHelvetia TrustCo S.A. ($246,000 in the year ended February 28, 2006), who were contracted by us to act as our exclusive financial advisors. EuroHelvetia charge their fees for work related to advice on private placements, fund raising and project finance. Roger A. Leopard, our Chief Executive Officer and President, is also a director of EuroHelvetia TrustCo S.A. EuroHelvetia also provides administration of Epsom Investment Services N.V.
The fees and services were approved by the independent directors.
7C. Interest of Experts and Counsel.
Not Applicable.
Item 8. Financial Statements
8A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
We have attached the following financial statements to this Annual Report:
| • | | Auditors’ Report. |
|
| • | | Consolidated Balance Sheet for years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. |
|
| • | | Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and February 28, 2006. |
|
| • | | Consolidated Statement of Shareholders Equity (Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and February 28, 2006. |
|
| • | | Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and February 28, 2006. |
|
| • | | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Dividend Policy
We have never paid any dividends and do not intend to in the near future.
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8B. Significant Changes
None.
Item 9. The Offer and Listing
9A. Price History of Stock
Until January 19, 2005, our Common Shares were listed in Canada on the TSX Venture Exchange (“TSX”), under the symbol CLK and in the United States on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board (“OTC Bulletin Board”), under the symbol CLKTF.OB. On May 15, 2002, our shares were approved to trade on the Third Segment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany, under the symbol XCH. However, following our voluntary delist from the TSX, our Common Shares no longer have a quotation on the Freiverkehr. In July 2005, our Common Shares were approved for listing on the OFEX under the symbol CLK.
On September 27, 2004, following a full review by our Board of Directors, we decided that it was in our best interest as well as our shareholders to request to delist our Common Shares from the TSX Venture Exchange. Permission for the delist had been granted by our shareholders at the Annual General Meeting held on October 29, 2003. Permission to delist was granted on January 19, 2005. The reasons underlying the request to delist were as follows:
| • | | The continuing obligations and resulting demands on our financial and personnel resources required in maintaining the TSX listing, were considered to be in no proportion to the benefits received from this listing. |
|
| • | | Service levels received by us were considered to fall substantially short of those to be expected from a professionally run exchange. |
|
| • | | The level of competence and swiftness of response from the TSX in relation to issues raised by us were considered to be lacking. Example of aforementioned is the serious delay by the TSX, of over one year, in approving newly issued CalciTech stock. |
|
| • | | During our time on the TSX, we had been confronted with a number of unjustifiable trade halts. In these instances it was found that the TSX refused to communicate clearly and in a timely fashion to the arguments brought up by us. The insistence by the regulatory bodies in Canada on two occasions that we file a Quarterly Management Discussion and Analysis as a prerequisite for resumption of trade, were wholly unfounded under BCSC and ASC regulation. We were forced to expend significant resources in resolving a situation we had been forced into unnecessarily. |
|
| • | | We felt our resources were better spent in consolidating our North American listing on the OTC Bulletin Board while focusing on implementing new and anticipated procedures in compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. |
|
| • | | It was felt that a consolidation on the OTC Bulletin Board would concentrate trading in our shares, thereby providing a more accurate picture to shareholders of trading pattern on the North American market. |
|
| • | | The consolidation was also seen as a measure to reduce arbitrage trading on the North American markets. |
The high and low prices expressed in Canadian dollars on the TSX for our Common Shares and the high and low prices expressed in United States dollars quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board for the last
26
six (6) months, each quarter for the last two (2) fiscal years and annually for the last five (5) years are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | TSX Venture Exchange | | OTC Bulletin Board | | OFEX |
| | C$ | | C$ | | US$ | | US$ | | UK£ | | UK£ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | High | | Low | | High | | Low | | High | | Low |
March 2008 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.29 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | £ | 0.12 | | | £ | 0.12 | |
February 2008 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.28 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | £ | 0.13 | | | £ | 0.12 | |
January 2008 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.29 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | £ | 0.13 | | | £ | 0.12 | |
December 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.29 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | £ | 0.14 | | | £ | 0.14 | |
November 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.29 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | £ | 0.15 | | | £ | 0.12 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2007 | | High | | Low | | High | | Low | | High | | Low |
4th Qtr ended December 31, 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.35 | | | $ | 0.20 | | | £ | 0.16 | | | £ | 0.12 | |
3rd Qtr ended September 30, 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.35 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | £ | 0.17 | | | £ | 0.11 | |
2nd Qtr ended June 30, 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | 0.26 | | | £ | 0.24 | | | £ | 0.17 | |
1st Qtr ended March 31, 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.56 | | | $ | 0.35 | | | £ | 0.25 | | | £ | 0.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2006 | | High | | Low | | High | | Low | | High | | Low |
4th Qtr ended December 31, 2006 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.44 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | £ | 0.21 | | | £ | 0.17 | |
3rd Qtr ended September 30, 2006 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | 0.18 | | | £ | 0.17 | | | £ | 0.13 | |
2nd Qtr ended June 30, 2006 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.51 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | £ | 0.27 | | | £ | 0.17 | |
1st Qtr ended March 31, 2006 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.59 | | | $ | 0.31 | | | £ | 0.29 | | | £ | 0.21 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | High | | Low | | High | | Low | | High | | Low |
Jan 1, 2007 - Dec 31, 2007 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.56 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | £ | 0.25 | | | £ | 0.11 | |
Jan 1, 2006 - Dec 31, 2006 | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | $ | 0.60 | | | $ | 0.13 | | | £ | 0.29 | | | £ | 0.13 | |
Jan 1, 2005 - Dec 31, 2005 | | $ | 0.40 | | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | 0.29 | | | $ | 0.15 | | | £ | 0.12 | | | £ | 0.11 | |
Jan 1, 2004 - Dec 31, 2004 | | $ | 0.49 | | | $ | 0.24 | | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | 0.18 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
Jan 1, 2003 - Dec 31, 2003 | | $ | 0.73 | | | $ | 0.39 | | | $ | 0.41 | | | $ | 0.25 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
9B. Plan of Distribution
Not Applicable.
9C. Markets
Our Common Shares are listed in the United States on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol CLKTF.OB. Up until January 19, 2005, our Common Shares were listed in Canada on TSX, when delisting from this exchange was formalized. With effect from May 15, 2002, our Common Shares have been listed in Germany on the Third Segment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange under the symbol XCH. However, following our voluntary delist from the TSX-V, our shares no longer have a quotation on the Freiverkehr. In July 2005, our Common Shares were approved for listing on the PLUS Markets (then still named OFEX) under the symbol CLK.
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9D. Selling Shareholders
Not Applicable.
9E. Dilution
Not Applicable.
9F. Expenses of the Issue
Not Applicable.
Item 10. Additional Information
10A. Share Capital
Not Applicable.
10B. Memorandum and Articles of Association
We were incorporated on November 9, 1978 in from British Colombia, Canada. On February 13, 1995, we filed a memorandum of continuance to reincorporate from British Colombia, Canada to Bermuda. On September 11, 2000, we amended our Articles to change our name to CalciTech Ltd.
Common Shares
We are authorized to issue 150,000,000 Common Shares, par value $0.001. All issued and outstanding Common Shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Each holder of record of Common Shares is entitled to one vote for each common share so held on all matters requiring a vote of shareholders, including the election of directors. Shareholders are not entitled to cumulative voting for directors. The holders of Common Shares will be entitled to dividends on a pro-rata basis, if and when declared by the Board of Directors. There are no preferences, conversion rights, pre-emptive rights, subscription rights, or restrictions on transfers attached to the Common Shares. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the shareholders are entitled to participate in the distribution of our assets available after satisfaction of the claims of creditors.
Powers and Duties of Directors
The Directors shall manage or supervise the management of our affairs and business and shall have authority to exercise all such powers as are not, by the Company Act, Articles or Bye-laws, required to be exercised by the shareholders in a general meeting or prohibited by law.
Directors serve for one (1) year, until the next annual meeting of shareholders. In general, a Director who is, in any way, directly or indirectly interested in an existing or proposed contract or transaction with us whereby a duty or interest might be created to conflict with his duty or interest as a director, shall declare the nature and extent of his interest in such contract or transaction or the conflict or potential conflict with his duty and interest as a director. Such a Director shall not vote in respect of any such contract or transaction with us if the Chairman disqualifies him. If he votes, his vote shall not be counted, but he shall be counted in the quorum present at the meeting at which such a vote is taken. The shareholders at the general meeting shall determine the remuneration of the Directors. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, Directors shall be paid all expenses incurred in attending meetings or conducting business on our behalf.
The Directors may from time to time on our behalf: (a) borrow money in such manner and amount from such sources and upon such terms and conditions as they think fit; (b) issue bonds,
28
debentures and other debt obligations; or (c) mortgage, charge or give other security on the whole or any part of our property and assets.
Our Directors are not required to be residents of Bermuda. There is no age limitation or minimum share ownership for our Directors.
Shareholders
An Annual General Meeting of Shareholders shall be held once in every year at such time and place as may be determined by the Directors. Notice of the meeting must be given not less than twenty-one (21) nor more than fifty (50) days. A quorum at an Annual General Meeting and Special Meeting shall be two shareholders. There is no limitation imposed by the laws of Bermuda or by the charter or other constituent documents of us on the right of a non-resident to hold or vote Common Shares.
In accordance with our Bye-laws , Directors shall be elected by an “ordinary resolution” which means (a) a resolution passed by our shareholders in a General Meeting by a simple majority of the votes cast in person or by proxy, or (b) a resolution that has been submitted to our shareholders who would have been entitled to vote on it in person or by proxy at our general meeting and that has been consented to in writing by all of our shareholders entitled to vote on it.
The Bermuda law and our Articles and Bye-laws contain no provisions that would prevent or delay a change in control of us.
10C. Material Contracts
Addendum to the Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated February 27, 1998.On February 28, 1998, we entered into a credit facility agreement of up to $2,330,000 with Epsom Investment Services N.V. bearing interest at 8% per annum and a repayment date of 2000. In April 1999, we amended the credit facility agreement to provide up to $5,000,000 until February 28, 2001, and reduced the interest rate to 7.75%. Subsequently, the credit facility agreement was amended in February 2001. On February 28, 2003, this credit facility agreement was further amended to reduce the maximum amount of credit to $2,500,000, in addition to a reduction in interest charged to 7.5% per annum. During April 2006, this credit facility was amended and extended to August 30, 2007.
Under the terms of the credit facility agreement, any outstanding balance due on the credit facility agreement can be converted in part or in whole into our Common Shares at any time at the option of the holder. The conversion price is equal to 80% of the trading price per share of Common Shares on the date such note was made or additional advances were made. The credit facility is secured by shares of CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd. No additional consideration was paid for the extensions on the repayment date for the credit facility.
Addendum to the Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated February 27, 2006.On November 16, 2006, we announced that the conversion rights to convert the balance of the Epsom Investment Services N.V. credit facility were withdrawn by Epsom with effect from February 27, 2006.
10D. Exchange Controls
Control over foreign currency has existed in Bermuda since 1940 and is now governed by the Exchange Control Act of 1972 (the “Exchange Control Act”) and regulations promulgated thereunder and is administered by the Bermuda Monetary Authority (“Foreign Exchange Control”). The Exchange Control Act regulates foreign currency transactions between a resident of Bermuda and a non-resident of Bermuda. However, exempted companies, like us, are designated as “non-resident” for purposes of the Exchange Control Act, and as such, are entitled to maintain foreign currency bank accounts and to freely convert the balances in such accounts into currencies of other countries. Because exempted companies
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are designated as “non-resident” under the Exchange Control Act, consent from Foreign Exchange Control is required prior to incorporation. Prior consent of Foreign Exchange Control is also required to issue or transfer any share, debenture or other security of an exempted company. General permission may be given to issue or transfer shares or other securities, in connection with a public issue, which are to be freely transferable. We received Bermuda’s permission to transfer our shares, which may be traded on the OTC Bulletin Board.
10E. Taxation
There are no income, profits, capital gains, sale of goods, death, or inheritance taxes in Bermuda. Exempted companies, such as us, pay annual fees to the Bermuda government, which are determined by the amount of its share capital. Although the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (on behalf of Bermuda) signed a mutual assistance and insurance tax agreement on July 11, 1986, the agreement does not provide for the withholding of taxes on the distribution of dividends to United States taxpayers. While the convention provides for the sharing of information, it primarily deals with the taxation of insurance premiums paid by United States residents to insurance companies domiciled in Bermuda.
Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following is a summary of United States federal income tax considerations material to a holder of Common Shares who is a United States citizen or resident or a United States domestic corporation who owns the Common Shares (“U.S. Investor”). The summary is of a general nature only and is not exhaustive of all possible income tax consequences applicable to U.S. Investors and does not address the tax consequences of U.S. Investors subject to special provisions of federal income tax law.
This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury regulations, court decisions and current administrative rulings and pronouncements of the United States Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) that are currently applicable, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. There can be no assurance that future changes in applicable law or administrative and judicial interpretations thereof will not adversely affect the tax consequences discussed herein. Potential investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of acquiring, holding or disposing of the Common Shares in light of their particular circumstances.
Since your United States federal income and withholding tax treatment may vary depending upon your particular situation, you may be subject to special rules not discussed below. Special rules will apply, for example, if you are:
| • | | an insurance company; |
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| • | | a tax-exempt organization; |
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| • | | a financial institution; |
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| • | | a person subject to the alternative minimum tax; |
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| • | | a person who is a broker-dealer in securities; |
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| • | | an S corporation; |
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| • | | an expatriate subject to Section 877 of the Code; |
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| • | | an owner of, directly, indirectly or by attribution, 10% or more of the outstanding Common Shares; or |
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| • | | an owner holding Common Shares as part of a hedge, straddle, synthetic security or conversion transaction. |
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In addition, this summary is generally limited to persons holding common stock as “capital assets” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code and whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar. The discussion below also does not address the effect of any United States state or local tax law or foreign tax law. Prospective investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors with respect to their particular circumstances and with respect to the effects of state, local or foreign tax laws to which they may be subject.
Dividends.For United States federal income tax purposes, the gross amount of a distribution, including any foreign withholding taxes, with respect to your Common Shares will be treated as a taxable dividend to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, computed in accordance with United States federal income tax principles. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, if you are a non-corporate taxpayer such dividends may be taxed at the lower applicable capital gains rate provided (1) certain holding period requirements are satisfied, (2) we are eligible for the benefits of the income tax treaty, and (3) we are not, for the taxable year in which the dividend was paid, or in the preceding taxable year, a “passive foreign investment company.” Non-corporate U.S. Investors are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors as to the applicability of the lower capital gains rate to dividends received with respect to the Common Shares. Distributions in excess of our current or accumulated earnings and profits will be applied against and will reduce your tax basis in your Common Shares and, to the extent in excess of such tax basis, will be treated as gain from a sale or exchange of such Common Shares. You should be aware that we do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits for United States federal income tax purposes and, unless we make such calculations, you should assume that any distributions with respect to common stock generally will be treated as a dividend, even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a return of capital or as capital gain pursuant to the rules described above. If you are a corporation, you will not be allowed a deduction for dividends received in respect of distributions on Common Shares, which is generally available for dividends paid by U.S. corporations.
A dividend distribution will be treated as foreign source income and will generally be classified as “passive income” or, in some cases, “financial services income” for United States foreign tax credit purposes. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, dividends will generally constitute “passive category income” but could, in the case of certain U.S. Investors, constitute “general category income.” The rules relating to the determination of the foreign tax credit, or deduction in lieu of the foreign tax credit, are complex and you should consult your own tax advisors with respect to those rules.
Dispositions of Common Shares.Subject to the discussion below of the consequences of being treated as a passive foreign investment company, gain or loss realized by a U.S. Investor (other than a 10-percent shareholder) on the sale or other disposition of Common Shares will be subject to United States federal income tax as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between such U.S. Investor’s basis in the Common Shares and the amount realized on the disposition. In general, such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Investor has held the Common Shares for more than one year at the time of the sale or exchange. If you are an individual, such realized long-term capital gain is generally subject to a reduced rate of United States federal income tax. Limitations may apply to your ability to offset capital losses against ordinary income.
In general, gain from a sale, exchange or other disposition of the Common Shares by a U.S. Investor will be treated as U.S. source income. Therefore the use of foreign tax credits relating to any foreign taxes imposed upon such sale may be limited. You are strongly urged to consult your own tax advisors as to the availability of tax credits for any foreign taxes withheld on the sale of Common Shares.
Special United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
Passive Foreign Investment Company. Management has determined that we have not been a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for United States federal income tax purposes for prior
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taxable years and believe that we will not be treated as a PFIC for the current and future taxable years, but this conclusion is a factual determination made annually and thus subject to change. We will be a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Investor if, for any taxable year in which such U.S. Investor held our Common Shares, either (i) at least 75% of our gross income for the taxable year is passive income, or (ii) at least 50% our assets are attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. In each case, we must take into account a pro rata share of the income and the assets of any company in which we own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the stock by value (the “look-through” rules). Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents (other than rents and royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business and not derived from a related person), annuities, and gains from assets that produce passive income. Because we are not publicly traded as defined under the statute and regulations governing PFICs, and are not a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), we would apply the 50% asset test based on fair market values unless we elect to use the adjusted tax bases of our assets.
If we are a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year during which a U.S. Investor holds Common Shares the U.S. Investor will be subject to special tax rules with respect to:
| • | | any “excess distribution” that the U.S. Investor receives on Common Shares, and |
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| • | | any gain the U.S. Investor realizes from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the Common Shares, unless the U.S. Investor makes a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. |
Distributions the U.S. Investor receives in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions the U.S. Investor received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or the U.S. Investor’s holding period for the Common Shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:
| • | | the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the Common Shares, |
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| • | | the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a passive foreign investment company, will be treated as ordinary income, and |
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| • | | the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year. |
The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or “excess distribution” cannot be offset by any net operating losses, and gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of the Common Shares cannot be treated as capital, even if the U.S. Investor holds the Common Shares as capital assets.
A U.S. Investor of a passive foreign investment company may avoid taxation under the excess distribution rules discussed above by making a “qualified electing fund” election to include the U.S. Investor’s share of our income on a current basis. However, a U.S. Investor may make a qualified electing fund election only if we, as a passive foreign investment company, agree to furnish the shareholder annually with certain tax information. We do not presently intend to prepare or provide such information.
Alternatively, a U.S. Investor of “marketable stock” in a passive foreign investment company may make a mark-to-market election for stock of a passive foreign investment company to elect out of the excess distribution rules discussed above. If a U.S. Investor makes a mark-to-market election for the Common Shares, the U.S. Investor will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Common Shares as of the close of the U.S. Investor’s taxable year
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over the U.S. Investor’s adjusted basis in such shares. A U.S. Investor is allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the shares included in the U.S. Investor’s income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in a U.S. Investor’s income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the Common Shares are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the Common Shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the Common Shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such Common Shares. A U.S. Investor’s basis in the Common Shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. The tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not passive foreign investment companies would apply to distributions by us.
The mark-to-market election is available only for stock which is regularly traded on a national securities exchange that is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the national market system established pursuant to section 11A of the Exchange Act, or any exchange or market that the IRS has determined has rules sufficient to carry out the purposes of the income tax rules. We are not currently a company meeting the requirements of mark-to-market so such an election is not currently available if we were to be a PFIC.
Non-U.S. Investors
A Non-U.S. Investor generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on dividends paid by us with respect to our Common Shares unless the income is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Investor’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States.
A Non-U.S. Investor generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain attributable to a sale or other disposition of our Common Shares unless such gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Investor’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States or the Non-U.S. Investor is a natural person who is present in the United States for 183 days or more and certain other conditions exist.
Dividends and gains that are effectively connected with a Non-U.S. Investor’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States generally will be subject to tax in the same manner as they would be if the Non-U.S. Investor were a U.S. Investor, except that the passive foreign investment company rules will not apply. Effectively connected dividends and gains received by a corporate Non-U.S. Investor may also be subject to an additional branch profits tax.
U.S. Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
In general, information reporting requirements will apply to dividends in respect of our Common Shares, or the proceeds received on the sale, exchange or redemption of our Common Shares paid within the United States (and, in certain cases, outside the United States) to U.S. Investors other than certain exempt recipients, such as corporations, and backup withholding tax may apply to such amounts if the U.S. Investor fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number or to report interest and dividends required to be shown on its U.S. federal income tax returns. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Investor will be allowed as credit against the U.S. Investor’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided that the appropriate returns are filed. Holders that are not U.S. persons generally are not subject to information reporting or backup withholding, but such holders may be required to provide certification as to their Non-U.S. status.
A U.S. Investor who holds Common Shares in any year in which we are a passive foreign investment company would be required to file IRS Form 8621 regarding distributions received on our shares and any gain realized on the disposition of our Common Shares.
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10F. Dividends and Paying Agents.
Not Applicable.
10G. Statement of Experts.
Not Applicable.
10H. Documents on Display.
We file Annual Reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These accounts are filed electronically at the SEC Edgar website. You may read and copy any document that we file at the Commission’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 or by accessing the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov). Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the Public Reference Rooms.
Our Common Shares are listed on the OTC Bulletin Board and similar information can be inspected and copied at the offices of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., 1735 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. Copies of our material contracts are kept in our administrative headquarters.
10I. Subsidiary Information
Not Applicable.
Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We have no significant market sensitive instruments other than foreign currency transactions discussed in Item 5.A.
Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
Not Applicable.
Item 13. Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
None.
Part II
Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 15. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As a Bermuda company listed on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board (OTCBB), Calcitech complies with the disclosure requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the OTCBB for foreign private issuers. These include the requirement to make certain filings with the SEC. As a foreign private issuer, some of the SEC’s regulations and requirements which apply to domestic issuers are not applicable to Calcitech. Calcitech’s reports, including its annual report on Form 20-F, are available at www.calcitech.com/investors.
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As of the end of the period covered by this annual report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision of management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of Calcitech’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a—15e) under the US Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this annual report. No significant changes were made in Calcitech’s internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation.
In addition, our officers have also concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, to allow all timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
It should be noted that while our management believes that our disclosure controls and procedures provide a reasonable level of assurance, they do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal financial controls will prevent all errors and fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived or operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
The management of CalciTech Ltd. (CalciTech) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. CalciTech’s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. CalciTech’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
| • | | Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect transactions and dispositions of assets; |
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| • | | Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation and fair presentation of financial statements, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of CalciTech management; and |
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| • | | Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
CalciTech management assessed the effectiveness of CalciTech’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework, Guidance for Smaller Public Companies. Based on this assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2007, CalciTech’s internal control over financial reporting was effective.
This annual report does not include an attestation report of CalciTech’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit CalciTech to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Not Applicable.
(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
None.
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Item 16.
16A Audit Committee Financial Report
There are currently two members on the Audit Committee. Mr. John M. Smith and Mr. Alan Edward Perkins constitute the members of the Audit Committee. Both Messrs Smith and Perkins are independent directors. Due to the size of the Audit Committee, the Board has not determined that a member of the Audit Committee is qualified as an Audit Committee Financial Expert.
16B Code Of Ethics
We have adopted a “code of ethics” (as that term is defined in Form 20-F) (the “Code of Ethics”), which is available on our website at www.calcitech.com.
16C Principal Accountant Fees And Services
The independent auditor for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was HW Fisher & Co and for the year ended February 28, 2006 was HW Fisher & Co, and for the year ended February 28, 2005 was MRI Moores Rowland LLP.
Audit Fees
The aggregate fees billed by HW Fisher & Co for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was $55,000.
The aggregate fees billed by HW Fisher & Co for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 was $50,000.
The aggregate fees billed by HW Fisher & Co for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements on Form 20-F for the year ended February 28, 2006 was $35,000.
Audit-Related Fees
The aggregate fees billed for assurance and related services by the principal accountant that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $NIL, December 31, 2006 was $NIL, December 31, 2005 was $ NIL and February 28, 2006 was $NIL.
Tax Fees
The aggregate fees billed for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning rendered by our independent auditors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was $NIL, December 31, 2006 was $NIL, December 31, 2005 was $NIL and February 28, 2006 was $NIL.
All Other Fees
The aggregate fees billed for all other professional services rendered by our independent auditors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was $NIL, December 31, 2006 was $NIL, December 31, 2005 was $NIL and February 28, 2006 was $NIL.
The Audit Committee does not have any pre-approval policies or procedures. The percentage of hours expended on the principal accountant’s engagement to audit our financial statements for the most recent fiscal year that were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant’s full-time, permanent employees was 0%.
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16D Exemptions From The Listing Standards For Audit Committees
Not applicable.
16E Purchases Of Equity Securities By The Issuer And Affiliated Purchasers
None.
Part III
Item 17. Financial Statements
The following Financial Statements pertaining to us are filed as part of this Annual report:
| • | | Auditors’ Report. |
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| • | | Consolidated Balance Sheet for the year ended December 31, 2007 and 10 months to December 31, 2006. |
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| • | | Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2007, 10 months to December 31, 2006, and the year ended February 28, 2006. |
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| • | | Consolidated Statement of Shareholders Equity (Deficit) for the year ended December 31, 2007, 10 months to December 31, 2006, and the year ended February 28, 2006. |
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| • | | Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, 10 months to December 31, 2006, and the year ended February 28, 2006. |
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| • | | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
Item 18. Financial Statements
See Item 17.
Item 19. Exhibits
| | | |
Exhibit No. | | | Name |
| | | |
1.1 | | | Articles of Kemgas Ltd. (1) |
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1.2 | | | Altered Memorandum of Kemgas. (1) |
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1.3 | | | Altered Memorandum of Kemgas, dated July 29, 1994 (2) |
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1.4 | | | Certificate of Continuance to Bermuda, dated February 13, 1995 (2) |
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1.5 | | | Bye-Laws of Kemgas, as adopted June 1995 (2) |
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1.6 | | | Certificate of Incorporation on Change of Name dated September 11, 2000 (3) |
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4.1 | | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated February 28, 2005 (4) |
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4.2 | | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated April 2006 (5) |
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| | | |
Exhibit No. | | | Name |
| | | |
4.3 | | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated August 15, 2006 (5) |
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4.4 | | | Form of 5% Convertible Debenture due February 28, 2005 (4) |
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4.5 | | | Form of Addendum to 5% Convertible Debenture Due February 28, 2005 (4) |
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4.6 | | | Consulting Agreement between CalciTech Ltd. and H.J. Mark Tompkins dated February 25, 2005 (4) |
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8.1 | | | List of Subsidiaries (4) |
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12.1 | | | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act* |
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12.2 | | | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act* |
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13.1 | | | Certification under Section 1350* |
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* | | To be filed herewith |
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(1) | | Previously filed with Registration Statement on Form 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on June 29, 1992. |
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(2) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 1997. |
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(3) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2000. |
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(4) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2005. |
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(5) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2006. |
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SIGNATURE
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual report on Form 20-F/A on its behalf.
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DATED: October 3, 2008 | CALCITECH LTD. | |
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| By: | /s/ Roger A. Leopard | |
| | Roger A. Leopard | |
| | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
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CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007
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Dear Shareholder
Please find herewith the audited accounts for the year ended December 31st, 2007. In 2006 your board had decided to change the company’s year end from 28th February to a calendar year to more reflect European and American practice. For comparison, we now also present accounts for the 10 month period ending December 31st, 2006.
Revenues increased from $48,000 to $58,000 and were entirely generated through the sale of SCC samples for potential client trialing. This increase reflects the 12 month activity in 2007, as compared with the 10 month activity in 2006.
With the continued development of our projects and products, and the increased rate at which these are undergoing feasibility studies, your Board of Directors has capitalised both project and product development costs to the value of $1,019,983. These will be funded through our owned and joint venture companies as they develop. Consequently, project and product development expenses were $NIL, as they were for the 10 month comparative period. In addition the Board of Directors have included a further $1,086,653 in intangible assets, which represent pre-finance costs incurred relating to our planned commercial plant at Leuna and will be funded out of the project finance on closing.
In the year, General and Administrative expenditure increased $59,000 over the 10 month period to December 31, 2006. However, overall, the monthly rate of G&A expenditure fell by $5,400 from the previous 10 month period to December 31, 2006. Net losses for the year increased $57,287 to $677,507, and but overall, this represents a monthly fall in deficit of $5,500 from the previous 10 month period to December 31, 2006.
We finished the year $117,494 in cash and cash equivalents and, under International Financial Reporting Standards, we are pleased to report a shareholders’ surplus of $2,174,447, compared to shareholders deficit of $76,333 as at December 31, 2006. Epsom Investment Services continued to support your company throughout the year and converted $3,260,697 of debt into 11,098,990 shares.
2008 will mark a major change for your company from a small technology development business to a fully commercialised activity. This is an opportunity therefore, while bringing you up to date with our progress, to also explain in more details how your Board of Directors plans to develop our business over the next few years with a view to growth beyond that time. I am therefore reiterating my letter to shareholders recently posted to our website for the benefit of shareholders that may not have seen it.
Your Board of Directors has recently approved our strategy to now commence building a portfolio of production units developed through feasibility and financing to a “ready to build” state within the next several years. This timing is designed to coincide with the commissioning and deliveries of product to our customers from the Leuna plant. Our target now is to develop in excess of 2,000,000 tons per annum of productive capacity within this period. This would equates to some thirteen to fifteen plants, as the minimum benchmark is foreseen the same as for Leuna of 100,000 tons per annum. This tonnage represents, on our estimates, less than 5 % of the anticipated market size by the time they come on line.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
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Over some years now your Company has identified a considerable number of potential locations around the globe where projects might be situated. This allows us to be very selective on the first round of new buildings. There are a number of fundamental considerations to determine a project worthy of committing resource to feasibility, but the overriding key is of course market demand for our products. CalciTech is now well versed in handling all these aspects. However, our company philosophy is focused on being the supplier of specialty SCC designed products produced by our unique method, thus a product design and marketing company. We shall continue to enhance our technology where appropriate to define product where we can find a strong demand.
The building of production units is of course a necessity and to this end CalciTech is partnering a well known engineering organisation, with Global reach, that will build all our plants with us, of course including Leuna. The design of the Leuna plant is now defined, but your company expects to make significant improvements with the engineering partners, both in cost and yield during this next period. This will allow the building of larger production units capable of being very competitive particularly in the paper coatings market, one of the largest sectors by volume. Our objective is to clearly define “the CalciTech plant” for SCC production and we expect all future plants to be built along these lines.
To take all these steps, now is the time to put in place our front line management team. We have an excellent team of specialists that has brought us to this point today to commercialise, but a technology development business is not about line reporting if it is to succeed. I had decided to appoint immediately a Chief Operating Officer, a Chief Financial Officer and a Vice President of Marketing. I am pleased to say that I have recently appointed Mr Thomas Livingstone-Learmonth to that of COO. I refer shareholders to the press release on our website concerning this appointment, but briefly, Thomas comes to your Company with considerable managerial experience and significant expertise in the paper industry. I hope to make announcements concerning the other appointments shortly. With these new appointees reporting to me, I expect to develop further our management team during this fiscal year, so that we are hopefully with our full team for 2009.
The global opportunity for SCC is such that an additional two million tonnes will only form a relatively small portion of the market, as I point out above, less than 5%. The additional production capacity would therefore not be disruptive and an independent market study has shown that this can easily be absorbed by market growth alone. This in turn means that the effects of competitive dynamics will be limited, and we see no great hurdles for the adoption of SCC with its range of improved properties and cost performance, as the oversubscription of the planned Leuna plant has already demonstrated.
In fact, as a new generation specialty material, we expect not only for customers to take our materials to improve their products but it is also in the interests of other suppliers to take our material to enhance their offerings. Independent trials have shown the ability of our SCC to significantly enhance the product characteristics of presently used pigments and fillers. We foresee that CalciTech will be working with, rather than against current suppliers in the market, thereby enabling these companies to upgrade their product offering, and hence realise sustainable margins. This will provide us with access to customer base, making CalciTech a producer of niche value added products with volume supply.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
42
We are looking at a variety of projects and project structures. As I will discuss elsewhere in this letter, the size and therefore opportunity for premium non-paper products, turns out to be much larger than originally anticipated based on literature in the public domain. This brings with it the opportunity for new projects in areas where the paper industry only forms a marginal part of the potential client landscape. We anticipate our SCC to play an important role in the development of the industrial minerals sector and will develop projects that adhere to market dynamics in growth markets of the future, such as plastics and glass. The key dynamics we have observed in the market are the search for materials that will improve the quality of the end product, those that improve processing economics and innovative materials that will allow for a company to offer products with new characteristics or products that comply with regulatory or other product related demands, while working with existing machinery. CalciTech’s SCC has been shown by third parties to fill these requirements and to constitute a leap forward in what is possible.
Thus, we will be adopting varying commercial models for the next phase of projects. However, we are ready to invite industrial partners into joint ventures which may be production JV’s, whereby CalciTech will deal with all offtake or full JV’s, dependent on circumstances in each case. CalciTech would expect some synergy with the operation in selecting partners, but does not generally expect to handle production alone in the variety of territories envisaged. Our anticipated plant will be based on a merchant principle, in which revenues from the plant are secured with a variety of clients across a range of industries, which entails a variety of product. A number of discussions are now underway which we expect to lead to early commitments.
Our first commercial phase is now clear and will be defined over the next several years. Thereafter, with a successful first phase, we have every expectation of rolling out a considerable further number of plants worldwide. Of course such programmes require funding. Our project at Leuna indicates that our projects require some 20% of CAPEX by way of equity permitting the balance to be funded by project and bridging finance. In many cases grants and other subventions may well be available. Of course, where partners participate they will be required to subscribe their share of the equity. We expect funding for our project at Leuna to be completed with negligible dilution to our shares. However, although we have no capital requirements now for further plants in our commercialisation program, we shall need additional working capital for operations over the next few years until revenues commence at Leuna. In addition we are already investing in a further upgrade of the production capacity of our small-scale facility, which will enable us to service a number of customers in the high-end, low volume markets. These customers will be our first commercial clients, but our purpose is also to develop the plant as part of our planned operator training school. Whilst we expect to employ some 60 operating personnel at our Leuna plant there will be a considerable call for operators with some 10 or 12 new plants being committed to build. Of course the projected revenues of this small plant will not be significant, but will materially contribute to reduction of training costs, while servicing certain customers that would not otherwise be possible for a further two years.
Any fund raising exercise brings up the question of valuation. As shareholders know, during the development phase under International and US accounting practice, all expenditure relating to our IPR, other than direct patent cost, has to be written off to Profit & Loss Account. This has led to a significant
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
43
accumulation of past losses while giving no reflection to the value of the IPR created in our Balance Sheet. With our progress with the Leuna model, the board confirms its decision to capitalize the costs of product and project development, in line with its accounting policies. This has led to a significant reduction in loss charges these last several years and although our operating costs will increase substantially these next several years due to the development of this new planned production, the majority of this expenditure will be of a capital nature, with some resulting value at last building up in our Balance Sheet. This of course does not include the development cost of our IPR and this can only be recognized in the market price of our shares by the market’s recognition of the substantial potential earnings capability of the IPR.
With our current US and UK junior listings we have very limited exposure to the real investment market and your board has now requested that I appoint advisers to take our shares to a full Stock Exchange for listing. Although several exchanges are available in Europe, the costs of listing on any of these would be prohibitive and we believe would not be an appropriate use of shareholders’ funds. We are however a fully SEC compliant registrant and file with the SEC each year a form 20F: as a foreign issuer. This is a prospectus level document and makes it fairly straightforward to apply to the NASDAQ for a listing. Advisers have now been appointed to determine that CalciTech will meet the necessary criteria and to deal with the application, at the same time raising new funds to carry the company forward as described above. We consider a NASDAQ listing to have many short-term positive effects, but also long-term this move will greatly enhance our ability to develop the Company. In particular institutions as well as brokers can take an interest in your company, whereas previously they were barred from doing so for compliance reasons.
Another dynamic that has gathered increasing traction on the capital markets is the environment. CalciTech takes a strong position in this respect, with its technology capable of consuming industrial lime waste from a variety of sources, as well as its consumption of carbon dioxide. Though the effect of new regulation is not yet clear, there may be some instances in which your company could possibly be able to benefit from its ability to consume this greenhouse gas and obtain credits. Furthermore, the consumption of polluting substances like carbide lime adds a strong environmental dimension to our operations. Additionally, one of the operational models we are developing is the so-called quarry head model, in which CalciTech will operate an SCC facility right where burnt lime is being produced, and in this way immediately sequestering carbon dioxide that the burnt lime supplier would produce. In this case, a totally carbon neutral operation is established. Furthermore, feedback your company has received in certain of its trials leads management to believe that the ethical aspects of CalciTech’s model is as least as strong a selling point as the inherent superior qualities of our products. This dynamic could possibly lead to situation in which our customers would use the green aspects of the SCC in their end-products as a marketing tool.
The last two years your Company has made great strides towards the building of its first full-scale SCC plant at Leuna in Germany, which is now benchmarked at 100,000 tpa. As you may have seen from announcements, we had expected to complete financing by December 2006. The Investment Bank of Saxony Anhalt proposed we reapplied in 2007 as they were able to provide an improved grant in that year. This should not have caused much of a delay, however, CalciTech’s desire to upgrade the plant
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
44
from a slurry only plant to a part dry delivery plant gave rise to a repeat of the permitting process, which took us into the late Summer of 2007. By this time it became clear for the need to change the financing structure due to the sub-prime problems that, though originating in the US, had a serious effect in Germany as well. This was coupled with announcements from Brussels that the structure of the state guarantees would change and details would not be available until after the Summer. A decision was taken at that time to restructure the financing without a State guarantee and enter into a new Terms Sheet. Rightly it appears as, just before the Christmas holiday, Brussels declared the changes for 2007 whereby CalciTech would no longer qualify for the guarantee due to its credit status. Despite all these delays we have been able to enhance our project in a number of ways and have been granted an extension by the Investment Bank for our 2007 grant claim of 50% of CAPEX into 2008. Providing we have no further unforeseen delays we would expect to complete our financing soon, start building the second quarter with commissioning by mid 2009, and hopefully our plant reaching full capacity by late 2009.
In summary I can state that, despite delays experienced toward the completion of project finance for our planned Leuna plant, we have made significant progress towards this and other goals. This has allowed us to develop a model that we see as capable of developing globally making CalciTech an important potential player in the industrial minerals sector and thus creating significant shareholder value.
I thank our shareholders for their support, and I look forward to your continuing support through this exciting next stage of CalciTech’s commercial development.
Yours sincerely
R.A. Leopard
President & CEO
CalciTech Ltd.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
45
Report of Independent Auditors
CalciTech Ltd
To the shareholders and board of directors of CalciTech Ltd
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of CalciTech Ltd as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and February 28, 2006, and the related consolidated statement of operations, shareholders’ equity (deficiency), and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, the 10 months ended December 31, 2006 and the year ended February 28, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing and with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of CalciTech Ltd as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and February 28, 2006, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, the 10 months ended December 31, 2006 and for the year ended February 28, 2006 in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2.1 to the financial statements, the Company has incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the period ended December 31, 2006. These matters raise doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2.1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ H. W. Fisher & Company
Chartered Accountants
Acre House
11-15 William Road
London
NW1 3ER
United Kingdom
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
46
CALCITECH LTD
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
As of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and February 28, 2006
(amounts in thousands of US dollars, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 10 months | | | | |
| | | | | | year to | | | to | | | year to | |
| | | | | | Dec 31, | | | Dec 31, | | | Feb 28, | |
| | | | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2006 | |
ASSETS | | Notes | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | 2.6 | | | | 117 | | | | 385 | | | | 1,313 | |
Stock | | | | | | | 7 | | | | 6 | | | | 6 | |
Receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 3 | | | | 277 | | | | 238 | | | | 235 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | | | | | 401 | | | | 629 | | | | 1,554 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-current assets | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | | | 4 | | | | 1,181 | | | | 972 | | | | 600 | |
Intangible assets | | 2.8 and 5 | | | 3,867 | | | | 1,643 | | | | 354 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total non-current assets | | | | | | | 5,049 | | | | 2,615 | | | | 954 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL ASSETS | | | | | | $ | 5,450 | | | $ | 3,244 | | | $ | 2,508 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
47
CALCITECH LTD
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
As of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and February 28, 2006
(amounts in thousands of US dollars, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 10 months | | | | |
| | | | | | year to | | | to | | | year to | |
| | | | | | Dec 31, | | | Dec 31, | | | Feb 28, | |
| | | | | | 2007 | | | 2006 | | | 2006 | |
LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY /(DEFICIENCY) | | Notes | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | | | | | | 865 | | | | 757 | | | | 217 | |
Accruals | | | | | | | 233 | | | | 192 | | | | 254 | |
Convertible debentures — current portion | | | 2.14 & 8.1 | | | | 0 | | | | 92 | | | | 92 | |
Deferred gain on sale and leaseback — current portion | | | | | | | 99 | | | | 99 | | | | 99 | |
Other loans | | | 7 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 100 | |
Hire Purchase Agreement — current portion | | | 7 | | | | 177 | | | | 158 | | | | 142 | |
Provisions — current portion | | | 11 | | | | 27 | | | | 29 | | | | 26 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Current Liabilities | | | | | | $ | 1,401 | | | $ | 1,327 | | | $ | 930 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non Current Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Convertible debentures — non-current portion | | | 2.14 & 8.1 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Credit facility | | | 6 | | | | 1,630 | | | | 1,580 | | | | 214 | |
Deferred gain on sale and leaseback | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 99 | | | | 182 | |
Other loans | | | 7 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Hire Purchase Agreement — non-current portion | | | 7 | | | | 0 | | | | 158 | | | | 284 | |
Provisions — non-current portion | | | 11 | | | | 152 | | | | 156 | | | | 167 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Non Current Liabilities | | | | | | $ | 1,782 | | | $ | 1,993 | | | $ | 847 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | | | | $ | 3,183 | | | $ | 3,320 | | | $ | 1,777 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commitments and Contingencies | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shareholders’ Equity | | | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, Cdn $0.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorised; issued & outstanding 99,998,665 at December 31, 2007, (88,899,675 at December 31, 2006) | | | | | | | 1,824 | | | | 1,813 | | | | 1,813 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Share premium, holders’ options outstanding on credit facility and contribution surplus | | | | | | | 40,661 | | | | 37,457 | | | | 37,457 | |
Convertible debentures | | | | | | | 4,642 | | | | 4,613 | | | | 4,613 | |
Accumulated deficit during the development stage | | | | | | | (44,368 | ) | | | (43,690 | ) | | | (43,070 | ) |
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments | | | | | | | (492 | ) | | | (269 | ) | | | (82 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity | | | | | | | 2,267 | | | | (77 | ) | | | 731 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
TOTAL LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | | | | | | $ | 5,450 | | | $ | 3,244 | | | $ | 2,508 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
48
CALCITECH LTD
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2007,
the ten month period ended December 31, 2006,
and the year ended February 28, 2006
(amounts in thousands of US dollars, except per share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | | | | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | Notes | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Revenues | | | | | | | 58 | | | | 48 | | | | 60 | |
Cost of revenues | | | | | | | (60 | ) | | | (32 | ) | | | (53 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | | | | | | (2 | ) | | | 16 | | | | 7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development expenses | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Project development expenses | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Product development expenses | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 310 | |
General and administrative expenses | | | | | | | 313 | | | | 410 | | | | 1,135 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | | | | | (314 | ) | | | (394 | ) | | | (1,438 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit on disposals | | | 9 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Interest expense | | | | | | | (341 | ) | | | (228 | ) | | | (419 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before income taxes | | | | | | | (656 | ) | | | (622 | ) | | | (1,857 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for income taxes | | | 11 | | | | (22 | ) | | | 2 | | | | (1 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net Loss | | | | | | $ | (678 | ) | | $ | (620 | ) | | $ | (1,858 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net deficit per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted | | | | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | (0.02 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Shares used in net loss per share calculation: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted | | | | | | | 99,998,665 | | | | 88,899,675 | | | | 80,738,031 | |
Please refer to note 12 for details of related party transactions.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
49
CALCITECH LTD
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ (DEFICIT) EQUITY
For the year ended December 31, 2007,
the ten month period ended December 31, 2006,
and the year ended February 28, 2006
(amounts in thousands of US dollars except number of shares)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cumulative | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Share premium, | | | | | | Accumulated | | foreign | | Total |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | holders’ option | | | | | | deficit during | | currency | | consolidated |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | outstanding and | | Convertible | | development | | translation | | shareholders’ |
| | Note | | Common stock | | contributed surplus | | debentures | | stage | | adjustments | | (deficit) equity |
Balances, February 28, 2005 | | | | | | | 79,899,675 | | | | 1,805 | | | | 34,563 | | | | 3,920 | | | | (41,213 | ) | | | (216 | ) | | | (1,141 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (1,858 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (1,858 | ) |
Issue of Warrants as common stock | | | | | | | 9,000,000 | | | | 8 | | | | 3,111 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 3,119 | |
Debentures: non-current portion adjs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (217 | ) | | | 693 | | | | | | | | | | | | 476 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 134 | | | | 135 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balances, February 28, 2006 | | | | | | | 88,899,675 | | | | 1,813 | | | | 37,457 | | | | 4,613 | | | | (43,070 | ) | | | (82 | ) | | | 731 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (620 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (620 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (187 | ) | | | (187 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balances, December 31, 2006 | | | | | | | 88,899,675 | | | | 1,813 | | | | 37,457 | | | | 4,613 | | | | (43,690 | ) | | | (269 | ) | | | (76 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (678 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (678 | ) |
Issuance of common stock on conversion of credit facility | | | 8.2 | | | | 11,098,990 | | | | 11 | | | | 3,249 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 3,260 | |
Debentures: non-current portion adjs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (42 | ) | | | 29 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (13 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (3 | ) | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (224 | ) | | | (227 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balances, December 31, 2007 | | | | | | | 99,998,665 | | | | 1,824 | | | | 40,661 | | | | 4,642 | | | | (44,368 | ) | | | (493 | ) | | | 2,266 | |
| | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
50
CALCITECH LTD
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2007,
the ten month periods ended December 31, 2006,
and the year ended February 28, 2006
(amounts in thousands of US dollars)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | (678 | ) | | | (620 | ) | | | (1,858 | ) |
Adjustments for: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Profit on disposal of investment | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 139 | | | | 76 | | | | 98 | |
Interest expense | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Operating loss before working capital changes | | | (539 | ) | | | (544 | ) | | | (1,760 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Changes in working capital: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Receivables, prepayments & current assets | | | (39 | ) | | | (4 | ) | | | 38 | |
Accounts payable, accruals and provisions | | | 149 | | | | 478 | | | | (503 | ) |
Adjustment in Convertible Debentures | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 693 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (429 | ) | | | (70 | ) | | | (1,532 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities in: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Property, plant and equipment | | | (348 | ) | | | (136 | ) | | | (26 | ) |
Plant pre-financing, project & product development | | | (2,152 | ) | | | (1,560 | ) | | | (158 | ) |
Patents | | | (72 | ) | | | (42 | ) | | | (72 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (2,572 | ) | | | (1,738 | ) | | | (256 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other loans | | | (197 | ) | | | (190 | ) | | | (109 | ) |
Sale and leaseback | | | (140 | ) | | | (110 | ) | | | (208 | ) |
Proceeds from credit facility | | | 50 | | | | 1,653 | | | | 1,637 | |
Payment of credit facility | | | 0 | | | | (287 | ) | | | (1,662 | ) |
Proceeds from conversion | | | 3,261 | | | | 0 | | | | 2,902 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 2,974 | | | | 1,066 | | | | 2,560 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | (240 | ) | | | (186 | ) | | | 134 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net (decrease)/increase in cash & cash equivalents | | | (268 | ) | | | (928 | ) | | | 906 | |
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year | | | 385 | | | | 1,313 | | | | 407 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year | | $ | 117 | | | $ | 385 | | | $ | 1,313 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements
51
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
1.BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY
CalciTech Ltd (the “Company”) is incorporated in the jurisdiction of Bermuda. Starting from the production of acetylene from which revenues were generated until 1997, the Company changed its business model to concentrate on the production of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). The production of acetylene gas from calcium carbide generates significant quantities of carbide lime. CalciTech decided to develop a process for producing a low cost PCC from waste lime. PCC is a white pigment which can only be produced from pure, white limestone deposits and is currently used in a wide range of applications, including paper filling and high value pharmaceutical and food additives. The Company’s Synthetic Calcium Carbonate (“SCC”) process can utilize most grades of lime, including low quality lime or industrial waste lime such as carbide lime. In the Company’s process, the waste lime is mixed with a solution of water and a proprietary promoter in a digester, which selectively dissolves the calcium and leaves the impurities behind as insoluble solids, which are readily removed by subsequent flocculation. The clear calcium solution is then pumped into a reactor into which carbon dioxide from any industrial emission source is passed to produce synthetic calcium carbonate by precipitation. After the SCC product is filtered off, the promoter solution is recycled back into the digester. The SCC can be supplied directly as slurry or dried and bagged for market.
The Company has been in the development stage since 2000 and revenue from the principal activity commenced for trial purposes in the year ended February 29, 2004. In 2006, the Company changed its accounting year end to December 31 partly to recognise the move from the development stage to the commercialization stage.
2.BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
2.1 Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. Under the going concern assumption, an entity is ordinarily viewed as continuing in business for the foreseeable future with neither the intention nor the necessity of liquidation, ceasing trading or seeking protection from creditors pursuant to laws or regulations. In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, management takes into account all available information for the foreseeable future, in particular for the twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements.
The Company is in the commercialization stage and has a growing portfolio of defined products for which samples are being produced and sold. Up to December 31, 2007, cumulative losses were $44,368.
Management believes that given the cash on hand of $117 together with the credit facility of $2,500, of which $870 is un-utilised at the balance sheet date, and the continuing control of expenses, the Company has sufficient working capital to meet its obligations up to the next 12 months following the date of the approval of these financial statements. Management have received assurances from the provider of this credit facility that it will continue to keep this credit facility available for this period although such assurances are not legally binding.
52
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
However, when the Company commences the development for commercial production, this credit facility would be insufficient and further funding would be required.
We have finalised our plans to build our first German full scale SCC plant at Leuna and production scheduling, which is subject to the availability of funds through financing. The first proposed full-scale plant will be located in Leuna near Leipzig, Germany. The plant is planned to produce100,000 tons of SCC per year.
The German federal state of Sachsen-Anhalt will proceed with the approval process for the provision of a grant on receiving the house bank’s endorsement of the company’s application. This will contribute 50% of the capital costs of the 100,000 tpa planned plant located at Leuna. The grant is made available by the European Regional Structural Fund.
The credit facility agreement with Epsom Investment Services N.V. to provide up to $5,000 (see Note 6) was re-negotiated during February 2003 whereby the maximum amount of draw down was reduced to $2,500 with a reduction in interest charged to 7.5% per annum. During February 2005 this facility was extended to August 30, 2006. In February 2005, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert $1,400 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.20 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 7,000,000 common shares. In 2007 Epsom agreed to convert $3,249 into common stock of the Company resulting in the issue of 11,098,990 shares. As at December 31, 2007, $1,630 (December 31, 2006: $1,580) of this facility had been drawn down. Epsom Investment Services N.V. has extended the credit facility to August 31, 2009.
During February 2004, the Company’s 6% convertible debentures with a value of $4,402 and €188 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 5% debentures with a value of $4,642 to December 31, 2007. During 2007, these debentures with a value of $4,642 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 6% debentures with a value of $4,642 to December 31, 2009.
Assets and liabilities are recorded on the basis that the Company will be able to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include any adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
2.2 Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention and they are also presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).
As the company is now firmly in the commercialization stage, in 2007 the board decided to change the accounting date from February 28 to December 31. Accounts for the year ended December 31, 2007 together with 10 months accounts to December 31, 2006 are presented.
53
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
2.3 Principles of consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
2.4 Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
2.5 Foreign currency translation
The reporting currency of the Company is the US dollar (USD), which is also the measurement currency of the parent company. The parent company elected the US dollar as its measurement currency rather than the Bermudan dollar (BMD), which is the currency of its country of domicile, to reflect the fact that the majority of its transactions are denominated in US dollars.
The measurement currency of the Company’s operating foreign subsidiaries is their local currency, generally the Euro. Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into US dollars using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Additionally, their expenses are translated using exchange rates approximating average rates prevailing during the year. Translation adjustments that arise from translating their financial statements from their local currencies to US dollars are accumulated and reflected as a separate component of shareholders’ equity.
Gains and losses that arise from the effect of exchange rate changes on balances denominated in currencies other than the measurement currency of each of the Company and its subsidiaries are included in the statements of operations as incurred.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Unrealised loss on currencies | | | 370 | | | | 216 | | | | (68 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Change in foreign currency adjustments | | | (225 | ) | | | (187 | ) | | | 134 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Exchange Gain | | $ | 146 | | | $ | 29 | | | $ | 66 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
54
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
2.6 Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
2.7 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives:
| | | | |
| | Plant and equipment | | 5 to 10 years |
| | Office furniture and equipment | | 3 to 8 years |
An impairment review is undertaken where there are indicators of impairment. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expenses when incurred.
2.8 Intangible Assets
Expenditure on intangible assets (Product Development, Project Development, Commercial Plant pre-financing costs and Patents) is capitalised and amortised over their useful lives on a straight-line basis. Legal expenditure for the protection of technology developed by the Company is recognised as an expense in the statement of operations, as incurred, except when additional future economic benefits can be attributed to such protection at closing date. The intangible assets are not amortised because the Company is not yet utilizing them on a commercial level. Amortisation will begin upon the commencement of commercial production.
2.9 Research and development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, except for Project Development costs which are deferred as intangible assets as the Company can demonstrate all of the following:
• | | the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale; |
• | | its intention and ability to use or sell the intangible asset; |
• | | the existence of a market for the output of the intangible asset or the intangible asset itself; |
• | | the availability of adequate technical resources to complete the development; |
• | | the availability of adequate financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset, subject to the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern, as described in Note 2.1 and; |
• | | its ability to measure the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development reliably. |
55
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
Deferred Project Development costs of $1,403, Product Development costs of $846, Commercial Plant pre-finance costs of $1,309 and Patents of $310 are recorded at cost, which include:
• | | expenditure on materials and services used or consumed in generating the intangible asset; |
• | | the salaries, wages and other employment related costs of personnel directly engaged in generating the asset, and |
• | | any expenditure that is directly attributable to generating the asset, such as the amortisation of patents used to generate the asset. |
Any costs capitalised are amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of expected future benefit.
2.10 Net loss per common share
Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares outstanding.
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share, the net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders and the weighted average number of shares outstanding is adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. The effects of anti-dilutive potential ordinary shares are ignored in calculating diluted earnings per share. Potential ordinary shares are anti-dilutive when their conversion to ordinary shares would decrease loss per share from continuing operations. 2,300,000 options have been excluded from the Earnings per Share calculation, as the effect is anti-dilutive.
2.11 Fair value of financial instruments
Carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short maturities, based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company. This would include convertible debentures where the fair value of the conversion option is recognised under shareholders’ equity.
2.12 Deferred taxation
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities, and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are recorded for deferred tax assets that are not more likely that not to be realised.
Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that future taxable profit will be available such that realisation of the related tax benefit is more likely than not.
2.13 Stock options
The Company does not recognise any compensation expense with respect to stock options.
2.14 Convertible debt accounting
On issue of convertible debentures and credit facility, the fair value of the conversion element is determined. This amount is recognised in shareholders’ equity. The obligation to make
56
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
future payments of principal and interest to the holder of the option is calculated using a deemed market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible debt. The obligation to make future payments of interest is carried as a liability until extinguished on conversion or payment. When the Company has the option to convert the principal and, if applicable, the interest on these notes, the obligation to make future payments of principal to the holder is carried as equity.
The fair value of the liability component, representing the obligation to make future payments of interest to the holder of the conversion option is calculated on the issue of the instrument using a deemed market interest rate for an equivalent non-convertible instrument. The residual amount, representing the value of the equity conversion component, is included in shareholders’ deficiency.
2.15 Modification of debt instruments
The Company may effect a modification or an exchange of debt instruments with a creditor. The modification or exchange may include changes in the principal amount, interest rate, term to maturity, borrowing currency or creditor. Whether a modification or exchange of debt instruments represents a settlement of the original debt or merely a renegotiation of that debt determines the accounting treatment that is applied by the Company. A modification or exchange of debt instruments represents a settlement when the terms of the new or modified debt are substantially changed from the terms of the original debt instrument. Substantial change occurs when:
a. | | The present value of the cash flows under the terms of the modified or new debt instrument is at least 10% different from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the terms of the original debt instrument; |
|
b. | | There is a change in the borrowing currency; or |
c. | | There is a change in the creditor and the original debt is legally discharged by the debtor through a cash payment or otherwise. |
If a modification or an exchange of debt instruments represents a settlement, the Company calculates a loss or gain that is charged, or credited, to income when settlement occurs. This loss or gain is the difference between the fair value of the new debt instrument and the carrying amount of the original debt instrument, together with all unamortized debits or credits related to the original debt instrument.
If a modification or exchange of debt instruments does not represent a settlement but, instead, is merely a renegotiation of a debt instrument, all existing deferred debits and credits related to the original debt instrument are maintained and are amortised over the remaining term of the renegotiated debt.
2.16 Government grants
Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attaching to them, and the grants will be received or earned. A government grant that becomes receivable as compensation for research and development expenses already incurred with no future related costs is recognised as a reduction in research and development expenses in the period in which it becomes receivable.
57
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
Grants for the acquisition of assets and development activities that are capitalised are set off against the cost price of the assets for which grants are awarded. During the year ended December 31, 2007, CalciTech Deutschland GmbH, a 100% owned subsidiary company, was awarded grants of €19 and comparative is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | 10 months to | | year to |
Government Grants | | Dec 31, 2007 | | Dec 31, 2006 | | Feb 28, 2006 |
Germany | | € | 19 | | | € | 22 | | | € | 22 | |
2.17 Leases
Leases are classified as finance leases wherever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets of the Group at their fair value at the date of acquisition or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are charged directly against the statement of operations. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated at the shorter of the lease term and their useful economic lives.
2.18 Revenue recognition
The Company has no large-scale commercial SCC plants, and since 2004 has received revenues from the sale of SCC samples only. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business, net of discounts, VAT and other sales related taxes.
Interest is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount.
The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects management’s best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balance. Management determines the allowance based on known troubled accounts, historical experience, and other currently available evidence. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible. The Company currently has no allowance for doubtful accounts.
2.19 Borrowing costs
All borrowing costs are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in the period in which they are incurred.
58
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
2.20 Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
3.RECEIVABLES, PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Accounts receivable | | | 90 | | | | 68 | | | | 134 | |
Other debtors | | | 13 | | | | 25 | | | | 23 | |
VAT receivable | | | 72 | | | | 38 | | | | 4 | |
Deposits | | | 45 | | | | 40 | | | | 24 | |
Prepaid expenses | | | 58 | | | | 67 | | | | 50 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 277 | | | $ | 238 | | | $ | 235 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
4.PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2007 |
| | | | | | Building, | | Commercial | | Office | | |
| | Computer | | Plant & | | Plant Pre- | | Furniture & | | |
| | Equipment | | Equipment | | financing | | Equipment | | Total |
| | $ | | $ | | | | $ | | $ |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 24 | | | | 614 | | | | 312 | | | | 21 | | | | 972 | |
Additions | | | 2 | | | | 21 | | | | 250 | | | | 10 | | | | 283 | |
Disposals | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Depreciation during year | | | (10 | ) | | | (124 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (15 | ) | | | (149 | ) |
Foreign Currency Adjustments | | | 2 | | | | 71 | | | | 0 | | | | 2 | | | | 75 | |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 18 | | | | 583 | | | | 562 | | | | 18 | | | | 1,181 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross Amount | | | 37 | | | | 937 | | | | 562 | | | | 109 | | | | 1,645 | |
Accumulated Depreciation | | | (19 | ) | | | (354 | ) | | | 0 | | | | (91 | ) | | | (463 | ) |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 18 | | | | 583 | | | | 562 | | | | 18 | | | | 1,181 | |
| | |
For the year ended December 31, 2007, the period ended December 31, 2006, and the year ended February 28, 2006, depreciation expense totalled $138, $76 and $98 respectively.
During the year ended February 29, 2004, the Company disposed of its small scale plant and leased it back for an annual rental of €120 ($176) for a period of five years at the end of which the Company retains the right to re-acquire the plant. The amount capitalised in respect of this plant is $685 of which depreciation of $124 was recognised in the period ending December 31, 2007 (December 31, 2006: $87 and February 28, 2006: $75).
59
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
On December 31, 2003 the Company obtained a small-scale production plant costing $495 under a capital lease expiring on December 31, 2008. The assets and liabilities under capital leases are recorded at the lower of present values of the minimum lease payments or the fair values of the assets. The assets are included in property and equipment and are depreciated over their estimated useful lives.
As of December 31, 2007, minimum future lease payments under capital leases are:
| | | | |
Year ending December 31, 2008 | | $ | 178 | |
| | | |
Total minimum lease payments | | $ | 178 | |
Less: amounts representing interest | | $ | 15 | |
| | | |
Net minimum lease payments | | $ | 163 | |
| | | |
5.INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible Assets can be summarised as following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Commercial | | | | |
| | Project | | Product | | Plant Pre- | | | | |
| | Development | | Development | | financing | | Patents | | Total |
| | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 817 | | | | 357 | | | | 231 | | | | 238 | | | | 1,643 | |
Additions | | | 561 | | | | 459 | | | | 1,015 | | | | 72 | | | | 2,107 | |
Disposals | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Amortisation during period | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Foreign Currency Adjustments | | | 25 | | | | 30 | | | | 63 | | | | 0 | | | | 117 | |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 1,403 | | | | 846 | | | | 1,309 | | | | 310 | | | | 3,867 | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross Amount | | | 1,403 | | | | 846 | | | | 1,311 | | | | 337 | | | | 3,897 | |
Accumulated Amortisation | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (2 | ) | | | (28 | ) | | | (30 | ) |
| | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | $ | 1,403 | | | | 846 | | | | 1,309 | | | | 310 | | | | 3,867 | |
| | |
For the year ended December 31, 2007, the period ended December 31, 2006 and the year ended February 28, 2006, amortization expense totaled $NIL, $2 and $NIL respectively. When full-scale production plants are producing revenues, patents will be amortised on a straight line basis over the life of the patent.
6.CREDIT FACILITY AGREEMENT
On February 28, 1998 the Company entered in a credit facility agreement of up to $2,330 with Epsom Investment Services N.V., which represented 100% of the lenders acting in a non-discretionary role, bearing interest at 8% per annum and due in 2000. In April 1999, the
60
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
Company re-negotiated an extension of the existing credit facility agreement to provide up to $5,000 for a term to February 28, 2001. Interest rate per annum was reduced to 7.75%.
In February 2001, the Company re-negotiated a further extension of the existing credit facility agreement for a term to March 4, 2002 at an annual interest rate of 7.75%. A further extension was negotiated extending the facility to March 5, 2003 with the same rate of interest. On February 28, 2003, this credit facility agreement was re-negotiated with Epsom whereby the maximum amount of draw down was reduced to $2,500 with a reduction in interest charged to 7.5% per annum. At September 7, 2007, this facility was extended to August 30, 2009.
The credit facility is presented as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Face value of note issued during the year | | | 3,136 | | | | 1,653 | | | | 1,637 | |
Less equity conversion component | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 3,136 | | | | 1,653 | | | | 1,637 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | 175 | | | | 27 | | | | 56 | |
Conversion of note into common shares | | | (3,261 | ) | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Payments made during the year | | | 0 | | | | (314 | ) | | | (1,717 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 50 | | | | 1,366 | | | | (24 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-current liability at beginning of period | | | 1,580 | | | | 214 | | | | 238 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Non-current liability at end of period | | $ | 1,630 | | | $ | 1,580 | | | $ | 214 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Effective interest rate at period end | | | 7.75 | % | | | 7.75 | % | | | 7.50 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
The caption “Payments made during the year” includes the effect of direct offset to the credit facility of various transactions in the total amount of $NIL during the period ended December 31, 2007 ($314, during the period ended December 31, 2006, and $1,717 for the year ended February 28, 2006), as further described in Note 18. The carrying amount of the credit facility approximates its fair value.
7. OTHER LOANS
Other loans are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Other loans | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 100 | |
Finance lease loan | | | 177 | | | | 316 | | | | 426 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total loans | | $ | 177 | | | $ | 316 | | | $ | 526 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
61
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Falling due split: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amounts due within one year Other loans | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 100 | |
Finance lease | | | 177 | | | | 158 | | | | 142 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total amounts due within one year | | | 177 | | | | 158 | | | | 242 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amounts due after one year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other loans | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Finance lease 1 -2 years | | | 0 | | | | 158 | | | | 142 | |
Finance lease 2 -5 years | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 142 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at the end of the year | | $ | 177 | | | $ | 316 | | | $ | 526 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
As at December 31, 2007, included in other loans above is $177, which is secured upon the assets to which it relates. See note 4 for further details of the sale and leaseback.
8.SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
8.1 Convertible debentures
In February 2001, the Company entered into an agreement for the placement of 8% convertible debentures in the sum of $1,500 for a term to February 2003, of which $890 were denominated in USD and $610 were denominated in Euro. Of this amount, $441 was paid in cash and $1,059 was exchanged for the credit facility. Interest was payable quarterly. Investors may after two years or on any prior dividend payments date up to maturity, have converted into common shares at the greater of 75% of the average closing price for the ten trading days prior to the conversion or the market price per share at the time of closing. This instrument qualifies for equity classification under IFRS as long as there is no indication that the shares of the Company may be delisted. If that future event was to occur within 270 days after the date of conversion, the investors may have put the debentures to the Company at 100% of their original amount plus accrued and unpaid interest. Accordingly, the instrument would have been reclassified to debt from the date that the decision to delist the shares was made. The investors also received 20,000 warrants for every $100 invested, exercisable for a two year period at 125% of the closing average offer price for the previous ten trading days.
The Company may have redeemed the convertible debentures in whole or in part at any time up to two years. On the maturity date, the Company also had the right to convert any or all of the amounts of principal and any unpaid interest, into common stock. A finders fee of 5% and 1,000 common stock purchase warrants per $100 invested was paid.
In July 2001, the Company entered into a further agreement for the placement of 7.5% convertible debentures in the sum of $2,500 for a term to November 2003. The terms of the note were exactly the same as those on the notes issued in February 2001. The investors also received 20,000 warrants for every $100 invested, exercisable for a two year period at 125% of the closing average offer price for the previous ten trading days.
62
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
In April 2002, the Company entered into a further agreement for the placement of 7.5% convertible debentures in the sum of $300 for a term to July 2004. The terms of the note were exactly the same as those on the notes issued in February 2001 and November 2001. The investors also received 20,000 warrants for every $100 invested, exercisable for a two year period at 125% of the closing average offer price for the previous ten trading days.
The effective interest rate assigned to the convertible debentures was 12%.
During February 2003, the Company’s 8% and 7.5% convertible debentures with a principal amount of $3,390 and €663 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 6% debentures of $297 to February 15, 2004, €188 to February 15, 2004 and $3,805 to February 15, 2005. The notes totaling $300 issued in April 2002 were not re-negotiated. The reissued convertible debentures did not carry any right to warrants for the investors. All other terms of the convertible debentures remained unchanged. This modification represented a settlement, and the difference between the fair value of the liability element in the new convertible debentures, assuming an effective interest rate of 12%, and the carrying amount of the original ones was accounted for as an expense of $127, which was posted to interest expense in the statement of operations.
During February 2004, the Company’s 6% convertible debentures with a value of $4,402 and €188 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 5% debentures with a value of $4,642 to February 28, 2005. All terms of the convertible debentures remain unchanged from the original debenture notes.
During July 2004, holders of the convertible debentures were offered the following amendment to their notes:
Section 2 Definitions: Shall be extended by the following definition.
“Conversion Date means the day, notified by the Company on at least sixty (60) days notice, on which an application by way of an equivalent to an Initial Public Offering to a reputable senior European or North American Stock Exchange or by December 31, 2007, whichever maybe the earlier.”
Section 3 Conversion: Shall be amended as follows
Whereas, under Section 3, subsection 3.1 of the above referenced Debenture, “the holder of this debenture has the right, but not the obligation to, upon thirty (30) days written notice, on the second (2) year anniversary of the Original Issuance Date, to convert the outstanding principal and any unpaid interest into shares of Common Stock.” This shall now be amended whereby “the holder of this debenture has the right, but not the obligation to, on thirty (30) days notice by the Company, (i) on application for a listing by way of an Initial Public Offering on a reputable Senior European or North American Stock Exchange, or (ii) by 31st December, 2007 to convert the outstanding principal and any accrued interest into shares of Common Stock.”
Furthermore, under Section 3, subsection 3.2 Conversion price. Whereas, “Subject to adjustment pursuant to section 3.3 the Conversion Price shall be the greater of (i) seventy-five (75%) of the average closing offer price of a share of the Company’s Common Stock for the
63
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
ten (10) days immediately prior to conversion and (ii) the price per share as of the Closing Date.” This shall now be amended whereby, “subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 3.3, the Conversion price of a share of the Company’s Common Stock shall be one United States Dollar and seventy five cents (USD1.75) on the conversion date.
In total, 100% of the convertible debenture holders have accepted this proposal.
The Company has the right but not the obligation, to convert any or all of the amounts of principal and any unpaid interest, into shares of common stock. The conversion price shall be the greater of (i) 75% of the average closing offer price of a share of the Company’s common stock for the 10 days immediately prior to conversion and (ii) the price per share as of the closing date.
By December 31, 2007, none of the debentures or outstanding interest were converted into common stock. At this date, the Company’s 5% convertible debentures with a value of $4,402 and €188 were re-negotiated by their retirement against the issue of new 6% debentures with a value of $4,642, to December 31, 2009. The Company has the right, upon 10 days notice, without penalty, to repay all or any portion of the outstanding principal. Debenture holders have the right to convert on 31st December 2009 at $1.75. All other terms of the convertible debentures remain unchanged from the original debenture notes.
The equity element can be summarised as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Principal amount of debentures at issuance | | | 4,642 | | | | 4,642 | | | | 4,642 | |
Less present value of future interest payments at issuance | | | 0 | | | | (545 | ) | | | (545 | ) |
Less finders’ fee | | | 0 | | | | (177 | ) | | | (177 | ) |
Adjustment for non-current portion | | | 0 | | | | 693 | | | | 693 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 4,642 | | | $ | 4,613 | | | $ | 4,613 | |
8.2 Conversion of credit facility
In February 2001, the Company entered into an agreement to convert part of the balance due on the credit facility agreement (amounting to $500) with Epsom Investment Services N.V. (Note 6) into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each US$0.125 of note. This resulted in the issue of 4,000,000 common shares.
In February 2002, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert an additional $450 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.32 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of common stock of 1,424,050 common shares effected on July 15, 2002.
In February 2003, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $600 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis
64
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
of one share for each $0.24 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 2,531,645 common shares.
In February 2004, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $2,000 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.20 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 10,010,510 common shares.
In February 2005, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $1,400 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.20 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 7,000,000 common shares.
The conversion rights were withdrawn by Epsom with effect from February 27, 2006 on August 15, 2006. Accordingly, although the derivative effect of such an arrangement requires charging the consolidated statement of operations under International Accounting Standard 39, the cancelling of the conversion subsequently would give rise to a reversal and is therefore considered misleading.
In September 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $2,000 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.29 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 6,900,000 common shares.
In December 2007, Epsom Investment Services N.V. agreed to convert a further $1,260 of the balance due on the credit facility agreement into common stock of the Company on the basis of one share for each $0.30 of note. This conversion resulted in the issue of 4,198,990 common shares.
8.3 Private placement
During February 2002, the Company announced a private placement of mixed securities to raise US$ 2,000 by way of 7.5% convertible debentures in the sum of $300, with the same terms and conditions as previous issues, and by the issue of common stock in the sum of $1,700 at a discount of 10% to the market average price, with the issue for each share taken down of a twelve month warrant for one additional share at a premium of 20% to the strike price. The placing, which was completed after the end of the financial year and was approved by the TSX Venture Exchange in July 2003, consisted of 4,933,091 common shares, priced at CDN $0.55 with a twelve month warrant to purchase an additional common share for each share taken down at CDN $0.66, and US$300 7.5% convertible debentures.
During November 2004, the Company announced a private placement of common stock and warrants to raise US$ 1,500. The placement consisted of 9 million common shares, priced at $0.25. For each share taken down, the participants receive one common share purchase warrant for twelve months priced at $0.35, and an additional one half common share purchase warrant for twenty four months priced at $0.50. The placement was over-subscribed raising $2,250.
During January 2006, 9 million warrants were exercised at a price of $0.35 raising $3,150,000.
65
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
8.4 Stock option plan
Under the provision of the Company’s share option plan, a maximum total of 10% of issued shares may be granted to directors, officers and employees of the Company in the form of stock options. The options generally expire five years from the date of the grant. All stock options granted are not subject to vesting requirements. Stock option activity was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Number of | | Exercise price per |
| | Shares | | share |
Balance at February 28, 1999 | | | 2,185,000 | | | Cdn $0.80 to 1.50 |
| | | | | | |
Options lapsed | | | (1,175,000 | ) | | Cdn $0.29 to 1.50 |
Options granted | | | 500,000 | | | Cdn $0.30 |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 29, 2000 | | | 1,510,000 | | | Cdn $0.29 to 0.30 |
| | | | | | |
Options lapsed | | | (350,000 | ) | | Cdn $0.29 |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 28, 2001 | | | 1,160,000 | | | Cdn $0.29 to 0.30 |
| | | | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 28, 2002 | | | 1,160,000 | | | Cdn $0.29 to 0.30 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | (620,000 | ) | | Cdn $0.29 |
Options lapsed | | | (40,000 | ) | | Cdn $0.29 |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 28, 2003 | | | 500,000 | | | Cdn $0.30 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 1,350,000 | | | Cdn $0.33 to 0.45 |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 29, 2004 | | | 1,850,000 | | | Cdn $0.30 to 0.45 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | (250,000 | ) | | Cdn $0.30 |
Options granted | | | 450,000 | | | $0.24 |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 28, 2005 | | | 2,050,000 | | | Cdn $0.30 to 0.45 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 250,000 | | | $0.23 |
| | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 2,300,000 | | | |
66
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
| | | | | | |
| | Number of | | Exercise price per |
| | Shares | | share |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at February 28, 2006 | | | 2,300,000 | | | Cdn $0.23 to 0.45 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2006 | | | 2,300,000 | | | Cdn $0.23 to 0.45 |
| | | | | | |
Options exercised | | | 0 | | | |
Options lapsed | | | 0 | | | |
Options granted | | | 0 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2007 | | | 2,300,000 | | | Cdn $0.23 to 0.45 |
All options that were outstanding as at December 8, 1999, originally priced at Cdn $0.80 to 1.50 have had their exercise price amended to Cdn $0.29.
The following table summarises information with respect to stock options as of December 31, 2007:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Weighted- | | | | | | | Weighted | |
| | average | | | | | | | average | |
| | Number of | | | Number of | | | remaining | |
Exercise | | options | | | options | | | contractual | |
Price | | outstanding | | | exercisable | | | life (years) | |
Cdn $0.30 | | | 250,000 | | | | 250,000 | | | | 2.16 | |
Cdn $0.33 | | | 850,000 | | | | 850,000 | | | | 0.94 | |
Cdn $0.45 | | | 500,000 | | | | 500,000 | | | | 1.15 | |
$0.24 | | | 450,000 | | | | 450,000 | | | | 2.16 | |
$0.23 | | | 250,000 | | | | 250,000 | | | | 2.50 | |
Total | | | 2,300,000 | | | | 2,300,000 | | | | | |
9. PROFIT ON DISPOSAL OF INVESTMENTS
a) Bubbletube — the Company decided during the year ended February 28, 2005 that the Bubbletube technology had no value in relation to its Synthetic Calcium Carbonate technology, nor as a stand alone product for development warranting further investment and decided to cease spending technology development funds on the initiative. In December of 2004, the Company assigned the patents relating to the intellectual property rights for CHF 35 ($28) , the amount of the direct costs, to TechPowder SA of Lausanne, Switzerland, a spin off
67
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
of the original consortium. The Company was carrying $6 in Intangible Assets — Patents relating to the Bubbletube technology.
b)
| | | | |
| | year to | |
| | Feb 28, 2005 | |
| | $ | |
Sale of patent rights | | | 28 | |
Less: carrying value of patents | | | (6 | ) |
| | | |
Profit on sale of patent rights | | $ | 22 | |
| | | |
b) The investment in CalciTech Group Services SA, (a 100% subsidiary company, incorporated in Switzerland) by its parent company, CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd., was by way of transferring fixed assets to the Swiss company. These fixed assets had previously been fully depreciated but were revalued by an independent Swiss company at CHF 100 ($86).
c) During the year ended February 29, 2004, the Company disposed of its 100% subsidiary, CalciTech Group Services SARL (incorporated in France) to the CEO, Roger Leopard and Geoffrey Long, an officer of the Company, for a price of €10 (Ten Euros). The net liabilities of the Company at the date of disposal were as shown below.
Included in the balance sheet of CalciTech Group Services SARL was a liability to the French tax authorities of $419, which is vigorously disputed by management. CalciTech Ltd has received legal advice stating that if such a liability was deemed as owed to the French authorities, this obligation would remain with the French Company and would not be due by its former parent undertaking. It has however agreed that the Company meet the professional costs in defending this action.
The results of CalciTech Group Services SARL for the period to February 27, 2004, the date of disposal, which have been included in the consolidated statement of operations, were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | year to | |
| | Feb 28, 2004 | | | Feb 28, 2003 | |
| | $ | | | $ | |
Revenue | | | 402 | | | | 492 | |
Operating costs | | | (374 | ) | | | (398 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Profit before tax | | | 28 | | | | 94 | |
Income tax expense | | | (14 | ) | | | (17 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Profit on ordinary activities after tax | | $ | 14 | | | $ | 77 | |
| | | | | | |
The revenue generated by CalciTech Group Services SARL, as shown above, originated from inter-company transactions and has been eliminated accordingly upon consolidation.
68
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
The net liabilities of CalciTech Group Services SARL at the date of disposal were:
| | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | year to | |
| | Feb 28, 2004 | | | Feb 28, 2003 | |
| | $ | | | $ | |
Property improvements | | | 4 | | | | 5 | |
Other fixed assets | | | 0 | | | | 25 | |
Deposits | | | 7 | | | | 7 | |
TVA refund receivable | | | 16 | | | | 30 | |
Trade debtors | | | 27 | | | | 0 | |
Other debtors | | | 352 | | | | 205 | |
Prepayments | | | 7 | | | | 4 | |
Cash at bank | | | 0 | | | | (8 | ) |
Trade creditors | | | (105 | ) | | | (111 | ) |
Other creditors | | | (10 | ) | | | 0 | |
Accruals | | | (195 | ) | | | (66 | ) |
Income tax liability | | | (419 | ) | | | 0 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | (316 | ) | | $ | 91 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Gain on disposal | | | 316 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Total consideration | | $ | 0 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
10.INCOME TAXES
Under the current Bermuda law, the Company is not required to pay any income taxes in Bermuda. The Company has received an undertaking from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda that in the event of any such taxes being imposed, the Company will be exempted from such taxation until March 28, 2016.
Loss before income taxes consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Bermuda | | | (646 | ) | | | (457 | ) | | | (1,093 | ) |
Rest of world | | | (124 | ) | | | (165 | ) | | | (765 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | (770 | ) | | $ | (622 | ) | | | (1,858 | ) |
69
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
There are no significant deferred taxes reflecting the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.
There are no significant operating loss carry-forwards, which would have an impact on income tax as of December 31, 2007.
11.PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company is subject to legal proceeding, claims, and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company and its subsidiaries are occasionally challenged by local tax authorities. The Company records a provision for these tax risks based on its most available information on the tax claim in each tax jurisdiction. The Company’s management does not expect that the ultimate cost to resolve these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
12.RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2007, the period ended December 31, 2006 and the year ended February 28, 2006, the amounts paid to shareholders, directors and officers of the Company and their related companies for consulting and other services totalled as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Amounts paid to shareholders, directors and officers of the Company for consulting and other services | | $ | 106 | | | $ | 230 | | | $ | 327 | |
Amounts paid to EuroHelvetia TrustCo SA for financial advice | | $ | 66 | | | $ | 66 | | | $ | 275 | |
Amounts payable at Balance Sheet date | | $ | 39 | | | $ | 233 | | | $ | 104 | |
EuroHelvetia TrustCo S.A. were contracted by CalciTech to act as the Company’s exclusive financial advisors. EuroHelvetia charge their fees for work related to advice on private placements, fund raising and project finance. Roger A. Leopard, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, is also a director of EuroHelvetia TrustCo S.A. EuroHelvetia also provide administration of Epsom Investment Services N.V.
70
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
13.FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA
The Company operates in one business segment. The following table presents information by geographical area:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bermuda | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Rest of world | | | 48 | | | | 48 | | | | 60 | |
Total | | $ | 48 | | | $ | 48 | | | $ | 60 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Operating loss | | | | | | | | | |
Bermuda | | | (269 | ) | | | (231 | ) | | | (691 | ) |
Rest of world | | | (46 | ) | | | (163 | ) | | | (746 | ) |
Total | | $ | (314 | ) | | $ | (394 | ) | | $ | (1,437 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Identifiable assets | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Bermuda | | | 1,782 | | | | 1,364 | | | | 1,503 | |
Rest of world | | | 3,668 | | | | 1,880 | | | | 1,005 | |
Total | | $ | 5,450 | | | $ | 3,244 | | | $ | 2,508 | |
14.ANALYSIS OF MAJOR EXPENDITURES INCLUDED IN GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
The following is a breakdown of the major expenditures included in General and Administrative Expenses:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Employee costs | | | 159 | | | | 180 | | | | 457 | |
Professional fees | | | 40 | | | | 60 | | | | 119 | |
Investor relations | | | 126 | | | | 122 | | | | 100 | |
Rent, rates & charges | | | 49 | | | | 33 | | | | 63 | |
Travel | | | 18 | | | | (21 | ) | | | 156 | |
Administrative fees & expenses | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | (8 | ) |
Depreciation | | | 139 | | | | 76 | | | | 56 | |
15.IFRS 7: RISKS ARISING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company’s market risk is identified as those financial instruments that are subject to foreign exchange fluctuations. Below is a table of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable that are subject to the risk described. A sensitivity analysis is shown below suggesting the value of such financial assets and liabilities and % risk involved had the highest and lowest exchange rates been applied during the year ending December 31, 2007, and during the period ending December 31, 2006:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | year to | | | | | | | year to | | | | |
| | year to | | | Dec 31, 2007 | | | | | | | Dec 31, 2007 | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | High | | | | | | | Low | | | | |
Market Risk | | $ | | | $ | | | % | | | $ | | | % | |
Cash at Bank | | | 113 | | | | 114 | | | | 0.6 | % | | | 102 | | | | -9.3 | % |
Petty Cash | | | 5 | | | | 5 | | | | 0.1 | % | | | 5 | | | | -1.6 | % |
Accounts Receivable | | | 72 | | | | 72 | | | | 0.4 | % | | | 63 | | | | -12.0 | % |
Accounts Payable | | | (865 | ) | | | (868 | ) | | | 0.4 | % | | | (775 | ) | | | -10.3 | % |
Accruals | | | (233 | ) | | | (234 | ) | | | 0.4 | % | | | (221 | ) | | | -5.0 | % |
71
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | 10 months to | | | | | | | 10 months to | | | | |
| | 10 months to | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | | | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | | |
| | Dec 31, 2006 | | | High | | | | | | | Low | | | | |
Market Risk | | $ | | | $ | | | % | | | $ | | | % | |
Cash at Bank | | | 384 | | | | 384 | | | | 0.0 | % | | | 354 | | | | -7.8 | % |
Petty Cash | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 0.0 | % | | | 1 | | | | -6.8 | % |
Accounts Receivable | | | 56 | | | | 56 | | | | 0.0 | % | | | 51 | | | | -8.5 | % |
Accounts Payable | | | (757 | ) | | | (757 | ) | | | 0.0 | % | | | (720 | ) | | | -4.8 | % |
Accruals | | | (192 | ) | | | (192 | ) | | | 0.0 | % | | | (185 | ) | | | -3.6 | % |
The Company does not feel that exposure to currency fluctuations is material to operations at the present time.
Liquidity risk is identified as the Company’s ability to satisfy Accounts Payables out of liquid assets at December 31, 2007. Even though liquid assets only represent 14% of accounts payable, the Company does not regard liquidity as a material risk at the present time. This is because the Company has the ability to draw down sufficient funds from its current credit facility, hence there is no strategy currently in place to hedge against this risk.
CalciTech’s credit risk is identified as the Company’s ability to recover outstanding receivables in full at December 31, 2007. On accounts receivable, the Company currently offers terms of 60 days to customers. However the Company relies on strong and longstanding relationships with its existing debtors, and therefore has not made provision for bad and doubtful debts.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2007 | | | <30 days | | | 30-60 days | | | 60-90 days | | | >90 days | |
Credit Risk | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Accounts Receivable | | $ | 72 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 72 | | | | 0 | |
|
Accounts Receivable | | $ | 56 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 56 | | | | 0 | |
|
72
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
16.LIST OF PRINCIPAL CONSOLIDATED COMPANIES
Principal consolidated companies are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Proportion | | |
Name of Company | | Countries | | Holding | | held | | Nature of business |
CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd. | | Bermuda | | Ordinary shares | | 100% | | PCC business |
| | | | | | | | |
CalciTech Group Services SA | | Switzerland | | Ordinary shares | | 100% | | Administration |
| | | | | | | | |
CalciTech Holdings ApS | | Denmark | | Ordinary shares | | 100% | | Holding Company |
| | | | | | | | |
CalciTech Odda A-S (in liquidation) | | Norway | | Ordinary shares | | 51% | | Production of PCC |
| | | | | | | | |
CalciTech Deutschland GmbH | | Germany | | Ordinary shares | | 100% | | Production of PCC |
On February 1, 2003, the Company’s intellectual property interests in its Synthetic Calcium Carbonate (“SCC”) technology were assigned to a new Bermuda organized wholly owned subsidiary, CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd. All group subsidiary companies were transferred to CalciTech Synthetic Minerals Ltd., which now acts as the holding Company and will license within the group rights and use of the technology on a territorial basis.
17.ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY
No individual has an ultimate controlling interest in the Company.
18.SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Non-cash transactions were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | year to | | | 10 months to | | | year to | |
| | Dec 31, 2007 | | | Dec 31, 2006 | | | Feb 28, 2006 | |
| | $ | | | $ | | | $ | |
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of credit facility | | | 3,261 | | | | 0 | | | | 0 | |
Issuance of common stock upon private placement through credit facility | | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | | 1,717 | |
Interest expense through credit facility | | | (175 | ) | | | (28 | ) | | | (56 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 3,086 | | | $ | (28 | ) | | $ | 1,661 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
73
CALCITECH LTD
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Year ended December 31, 2007 (amounts in thousands of US dollars, except share data)
Upon exercise of options in 2004, certain directors paid the exercise price directly to Epsom as an offset to the credit facility. Similarly, in 2004, the exercise price of warrants was paid directly by certain holders as an offset to the credit facility.
19.COMMITMENT
The Company rents its principal management services office under an annually renewable agreement. During the period ending December 31, 2007, the Company paid $12. There are no future obligations for rent over 12 months.
20.NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES (UNAUDITED)
Headcount was 8, 7 and 4 as of December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006, and February 28, 2006.
21.POST BALANCE SHEET EVENT
There are no material post balance sheet events.
22.APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on April 16, 2008.
“R.A. Leopard”
Roger A Leopard
“J.M Smith”
John M Smith
74
Exhibit Index
Item 19. Exhibits
| | |
Exhibit No. | | Name |
| | |
1.1 | | Articles of Kemgas Ltd. (1) |
| | |
1.2 | | Altered Memorandum of Kemgas. (1) |
| | |
1.3 | | Altered Memorandum of Kemgas, dated July 29, 1994 (2) |
| | |
1.4 | | Certificate of Continuance to Bermuda, dated February 13, 1995 (2) |
| | |
1.5 | | Bye-Laws of Kemgas, as adopted June 1995 (2) |
| | |
1.6 | | Certificate of Incorporation on Change of Name dated September 11, 2000 (3) |
| | |
4.1 | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated February 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
4.2 | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated April 2006 (5) |
| | |
4.3 | | Addendum to Credit Facility Agreement between Epsom Investment Services N.V. and CalciTech Ltd. dated August 15, 2006 (5) |
| | |
4.4 | | Form of 5% Convertible Debenture due February 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
4.5 | | Form of Addendum to 5% Convertible Debenture Due February 28, 2005 (4) |
| | |
4.6 | | Consulting Agreement between CalciTech Ltd. and H.J. Mark Tompkins dated February 25, 2005 (4) |
| | |
8.1 | | List of Subsidiaries (4) |
| | |
12.1 | | Certification of the Principal Executive Officer under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act* |
| | |
12.2 | | Certification of the Principal Financial Officer under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act* |
| | |
13.1 | | Certification under Section 1350* |
| | |
* | | To be filed herewith |
|
(1) | | Previously filed with Registration Statement on Form 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 on June 29, 1992. |
|
(2) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 1997. |
|
(3) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 29, 2000. |
|
(4) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2005. |
|
(5) | | Previously filed with the Form 20-F submitted for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2006. |