Investments | 3. Investments Securities Available for Sale The following table provides the cost or amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale as of the dates presented (in thousands): March 31, 2017 Cost or Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Fair Value Fixed Maturities: U.S. government obligations and agencies $ 78,055 $ 1 $ (587 ) $ 77,469 Corporate bonds 194,289 727 (975 ) 194,041 Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 215,670 128 (1,797 ) 214,001 Municipal bonds 100,762 307 (3,177 ) 97,892 Redeemable preferred stock 13,777 524 (29 ) 14,272 Equity Securities: Common stock 214 — (119 ) 95 Mutual funds 51,616 953 (2,378 ) 50,191 Short-term investments 5,000 1 — 5,001 Total $ 659,383 $ 2,641 $ (9,062 ) $ 652,962 December 31, 2016 Cost or Gross Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Fair Value Fixed Maturities: U.S. government obligations and agencies $ 74,937 $ — $ (670 ) $ 74,267 Corporate bonds 192,328 402 (1,300 ) 191,430 Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 216,679 135 (2,038 ) 214,776 Municipal bonds 94,794 130 (3,727 ) 91,197 Redeemable preferred stock 12,723 125 (157 ) 12,691 Equity Securities: Common stock 214 — (121 ) 93 Mutual funds 53,900 407 (3,597 ) 50,710 Short-term investments 5,000 2 — 5,002 Total $ 650,575 $ 1,201 $ (11,610 ) $ 640,166 The following table provides the credit quality of investment securities with contractual maturities or the issuer of such securities as of the dates presented (in thousands): March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 % of Total % of Total Comparable Ratings Fair Value Fair Value Fair Value Fair Value AAA $ 129,495 21.5 % $ 131,260 22.3 % AA 282,340 46.9 % 275,480 46.7 % A 111,734 18.5 % 107,418 18.2 % BBB 70,754 11.7 % 67,263 11.4 % BB+ and Below 3,706 0.6 % 3,444 0.6 % No Rating Available 4,647 0.8 % 4,498 0.8 % Total $ 602,676 100.0 % $ 589,363 100.0 % The tables above include comparable credit quality ratings by Standard and Poor’s Rating Services, Inc., Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and Fitch Ratings, Inc. The following table summarizes the cost or amortized cost and fair value of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities as of the dates presented (in thousands): March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Cost or Cost or Amortized Amortized Cost Fair Value Cost Fair Value Mortgage-backed Securities: Agency $ 111,148 $ 109,720 $ 110,724 $ 109,022 Non-agency 18,247 18,128 19,408 19,265 Asset-backed Securities: Auto loan receivables 36,900 36,857 37,390 37,429 Credit card receivables 38,617 38,553 38,640 38,568 Other receivables 10,758 10,743 10,517 10,492 Total $ 215,670 $ 214,001 $ 216,679 $ 214,776 The following table summarizes the fair value and gross unrealized losses on securities available for sale, aggregated by major investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of the dates presented (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2017 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Number of Unrealized Number of Unrealized Issues Fair Value Losses Issues Fair Value Losses Fixed Maturities: U.S. government obligations and agencies 12 $ 72,345 $ (540 ) 2 $ 3,511 $ (47 ) Corporate bonds 92 76,775 (934 ) 2 289 (41 ) Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 86 148,308 (1,651 ) 8 14,521 (146 ) Municipal bonds 65 76,343 (3,177 ) — — — Redeemable preferred stock 14 1,606 (29 ) — — — Equity Securities: Common stock 1 20 (5 ) 2 75 (114 ) Mutual funds 1 16,685 (116 ) 1 9,090 (2,262 ) Total 271 $ 392,082 $ (6,452 ) 15 $ 27,486 $ (2,610 ) December 31, 2016 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or Longer Number of Unrealized Number of Unrealized Issues Fair Value Losses Issues Fair Value Losses Fixed Maturities: U.S. government obligations and agencies 11 $ 70,453 $ (608 ) 2 $ 3,504 $ (62 ) Corporate bonds 116 96,379 (1,219 ) 4 3,250 (80 ) Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 73 149,928 (1,923 ) 5 9,660 (115 ) Municipal bonds 69 79,402 (3,726 ) — — — Redeemable preferred stock 50 6,340 (158 ) — — — Equity Securities: Common stock 1 18 (7 ) 2 75 (115 ) Mutual funds 3 28,020 (774 ) 2 11,529 (2,823 ) Total 323 $ 430,540 $ (8,415 ) 15 $ 28,018 $ (3,195 ) Evaluating Investments for Other Than Temporary Impairment (“OTTI”) At March 31, 2017, the Company held fixed maturity, equity securities and short-term investments that were in an unrealized loss position as presented in the table above. For fixed maturity securities with significant declines in value, the Company performs quarterly fundamental credit analysis on a security-by-security basis, which includes consideration of credit quality and credit ratings, review of relevant industry analyst reports and other available market data. For fixed maturity, equity securities and short-term investments, the Company considers whether it has the intent and ability to hold the securities for a period of time sufficient to recover its cost basis. Where the Company lacks the intent and ability to hold to recovery, or believes the recovery period is extended, the security’s decline in fair value is considered other than temporary and is recorded in earnings. Based on our analysis, we believe that our fixed income portfolio is of high quality and that we will recover the amortized cost basis of our fixed income securities. We continually monitor the credit quality of our fixed income investments to assess if it is probable that we will receive our contractual or estimated cash flows in the form of principal and interest. Additionally, the Company considers management’s intent and ability to hold the securities until recovery and its credit analysis of the individual issuers of the securities. Based on this process and analysis, management has no reason to believe the unrealized losses for securities available for sale at March 31, 2017 are other than temporary. As of March 31, 2017, the Company held approximately $9.2 million equity securities that were in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer. The unrealized loss on these securities was $2.4 million. Based on our analysis, the Company believes each security will recover in a reasonable period of time and the Company has the intent and ability to hold them until recovery. There were no OTTI losses recognized in the periods presented on the equity portfolio. The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of investments with contractual maturities as of the date presented (in thousands): March 31, 2017 Cost or Amortized Fair Value Due in one year or less $ 53,558 $ 53,570 Due after one year through five years 229,273 228,831 Due after five years through ten years 38,207 37,658 Due after ten years 57,068 54,344 Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 215,670 214,001 Perpetual maturity securities 13,777 14,272 Total $ 607,553 $ 602,676 Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay with or without penalty. The following table provides certain information related to securities available for sale during the periods presented (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 Proceeds from sales and maturities (fair value) $ 22,329 $ 52,366 Gross realized gains $ — $ 685 Gross realized losses $ (63 ) $ (18 ) The following table presents the components of net investment income, comprised primarily of interest and dividends, for the periods presented (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 2016 Fixed maturities $ 2,710 $ 1,831 Equity securities 382 203 Short-term investments 15 115 Other (1) 144 73 Total investment income 3,251 2,222 Less: Investment expenses (2) (547 ) (617 ) Net investment (expense) income $ 2,704 $ 1,605 (1) Includes interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents. Also includes investment income earned on real estate investments. (2) Includes bank fees, investment accounting and advisory fees, and expenses associated with real estate investments. Investment Real Estate Investment real estate consisted of the following as of the dates presented (in thousands): March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Income Producing: Investment real estate $ 6,918 $ 6,918 Less: Accumulated depreciation (326 ) (281 ) 6,592 6,637 Non-Income Producing: Properties under development 6,512 4,798 Investment real estate, net $ 13,104 $ 11,435 |