Morgan Stanley Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2015:
| ● | Fourth Quarter Net Revenues of $7.7 Billion and Earnings per Diluted Share of $0.39 |
| ● | Excluding DVA,1 Net Revenues of $7.9 Billion and Earnings per Diluted Share of $0.432,3,4 |
| ● | Full Year Net Revenues of $35.2 Billion and Earnings per Diluted Share of $2.90; Excluding DVA, Net Revenues were $34.5 Billion and Earnings per Diluted Share of $2.702,3,4 |
| ● | Strong Full Year Performance in Equity Sales and Trading; Investment Banking Ranked #1 in Global IPOs and #2 in Global Announced M&A and Global Equity5 |
| ● | Record Full Year Wealth Management Profit Before Taxes of $3.3 Billion with Pre-Tax Margin of 22%6 |
NEW YORK, January 19, 2016 – Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) today reported net revenues of $7.7 billion for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2015 compared with $7.8 billion a year ago. For the current quarter, net income applicable to Morgan Stanley was $908 million, or $0.39 per diluted share,7 compared with net losses of $1.6 billion, or $0.91 per diluted share,7 for the same period a year ago. The prior year quarter included several significant items which aggregated to a net loss of $1.37 per diluted share.8
Results for the current quarter included negative revenue related to changes in Morgan Stanley’s debt-related credit spreads and other credit factors (Debt Valuation Adjustment, DVA) of $124 million, compared with positive revenue of $223 million a year ago.
Excluding DVA, net revenues for the current quarter were $7.9 billion compared with $7.5 billion a year ago.1,4 Net income applicable to Morgan Stanley in the current quarter was $986 million, or $0.43 per diluted share, compared with net losses of $1.8 billion, or $0.99 per diluted share in the prior year.3,4
Compensation expense of $3.7 billion compared with $5.1 billion a year ago. Results for the current quarter include severance expense of $155 million,9 while results for the prior period included compensation deferral expense adjustments of approximately $1.1 billion.8 Excluding these items, compensation expense decreased year over year reflecting disciplined compensation management.
Non-compensation expenses of $2.6 billion decreased from $5.6 billion a year ago. Excluding $3.1 billion of litigation costs related to residential mortgage and credit crisis matters in the prior year period,8 non-compensation expenses were $2.6 billion compared with $2.5 billion a year ago.
The annualized return on average common equity was 4.4 percent in the current quarter, or 4.9 percent excluding DVA.1,10
As of December 31, 2015, the Firm estimates its pro forma fully phased-in Common Equity Tier 1 risk-based capital and Supplementary Leverage ratios to be approximately 14.1% and 5.8%, respectively.11,12,13
| | | | | | | |
| Summary of Firm Results |
| (dollars in millions) |
| | | | | | | |
| | As Reported | | Excluding DVA 4 | |
| | Net | Net Income | | Net | Net Income | |
| | Revenue (a) | App. to MS (b) | | Revenue (a) | App. to MS (b) | |
| 4Q 2015 | $7,738 | $908 | | $7,862 | $986 | |
| 3Q 2015 | $7,767 | $1,018 | | $7,332 | $740 | |
| 4Q 2014 | $7,764 | $(1,630) | | $7,541 | $(1,775) | |
| a) | Revenues in 4Q 2014 included a pre-tax charge of $468 million related to the initial implementation of FVA. |
| b) | Net income applicable to Morgan Stanley in 4Q 2014 included litigation costs of $2.9 billion (after-tax), compensation deferral expense adjustments of $781 million (after-tax), FVA charge of $338 million (after-tax) and a net discrete tax benefit of $1,380 million. |
Fourth Quarter Business Overview
| ● | Institutional Securities net revenues, excluding DVA were $3.5 billion reflecting continued strength in Equity sales and trading, solid results in Investment Banking and continued weakness in Fixed Income & Commodities sales and trading.14 |
| ● | Wealth Management net revenues were $3.8 billion and pre-tax margin was 20%.6 Fee based asset flows for the quarter were $11.4 billion. |
| ● | Investment Management reported net revenues of $621 million with assets under management or supervision of $406 billion. |
James P. Gorman, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, said, “A strong overall performance in the first half of the year was impacted by difficult market conditions in the second half that dampened trading activity. In the fourth quarter we took action to meaningfully restructure our Fixed Income business on a capital and expense basis. We enter 2016 with a continued focus on managing expenses across the Firm and driving up returns for our shareholders.”
FOURTH QUARTER RESULTS
| | | | | | | |
| Summary of Institutional Securities Results |
| (dollars in millions) |
| | | | | | | |
| | As Reported | | Excluding DVA 14 | |
| | Net | Pre-Tax | | Net | Pre-Tax | |
| | Revenue (a) | Income (a) | | Revenue (a) | Income (a) | |
| 4Q 2015 | $3,419 | $548 | | $3,543 | $672 | |
| 3Q 2015 | $3,904 | $688 | | $3,469 | $253 | |
| 4Q 2014 | $3,430 | $(3,661) | | $3,207 | $(3,884) | |
| | | | | | | |
| a) | Pre-tax income in 4Q 2014 included litigation costs of $3.1 billion, compensation deferral expense adjustments of $904 million and a charge (negative revenues) of $468 million related to the initial implementation of FVA. |
INSTITUTIONAL SECURITIES
Institutional Securities reported pre-tax income from continuing operations of $548 million compared with a pre-tax loss of $3.7 billion in the fourth quarter of last year. Results for the prior year quarter included litigation costs related to residential mortgage and credit crisis related matters, compensation deferral expense adjustments and a charge related to the initial incorporation of funding valuation adjustments (FVA).8 Net revenues for both the current and prior year quarters were $3.4 billion. DVA resulted in negative revenues of $124 million in the current quarter compared with positive revenues of $223 million a year ago. Excluding DVA and the FVA charge in the prior year quarter, net revenues of $3.5 billion for the current quarter decreased from $3.7 billion a year ago.1,14 The following discussion for sales and trading excludes DVA in both periods and the prior year FVA charge.
| ● | Advisory revenues of $516 million increased from $488 million a year ago on higher levels of M&A activity. Equity underwriting revenues of $352 million were relatively unchanged from the prior year quarter. Fixed income underwriting revenues of $346 million decreased from $462 million in the prior year quarter reflecting lower non-investment grade bond and loan fees. |
| ● | Equity sales and trading net revenues of $1.8 billion increased from $1.6 billion from a year ago reflecting higher results across products and regions.15 |
| ● | Fixed Income & Commodities sales and trading net revenues of $550 million decreased from $599 million a year ago reflecting challenging market conditions and lower results in securitized products.8,15 |
| ● | Other sales and trading net losses of $103 million compared with losses of $37 million a year ago primarily reflecting lower revenues associated with corporate lending activity. |
| ● | Other revenues were $31 million compared with $161 million a year ago, primarily reflecting lower results in our Japanese joint venture Mitsubishi UFJ Morgan Stanley Securities Co., Ltd., mark-to-market losses on loans and commitments and the absence of a commodities related gain in the prior year period. |
| ● | Compensation expense of $1.2 billion9 decreased from $2.4 billion in the prior year quarter. The prior year quarter included expense adjustments related to changes in discretionary incentive compensation deferrals.8 Excluding the prior year compensation deferral expense adjustments, compensation expenses of $1.2 billion decreased from $1.5 billion a year ago reflecting disciplined compensation management. |
| ● | Non-compensation expenses of $1.6 billion for the current quarter decreased from $4.7 billion a year ago. Excluding $3.1 billion of litigation costs associated with residential mortgage and credit crisis related matters in the prior year period,8 non-compensation expenses were relatively unchanged year over year. |
| ● | Morgan Stanley’s average trading Value-at-Risk (VaR) measured at the 95% confidence level was $46 million compared with $53 million in the third quarter of 2015 and $47 million in the fourth quarter of the prior year.16 |
| | | | |
Summary of Wealth Management Results(dollars in millions) |
| | | | |
| | Net | Pre-Tax | |
| | Revenues | Income (a) | |
| 4Q 2015 | $3,751 | $768 | |
| 3Q 2015 | $3,640 | $824 | |
| 4Q 2014 | $3,804 | $736 | |
| a) | Pre-tax income in 4Q 2014 included compensation deferral expense adjustments of $88 million. |
WEALTH MANAGEMENT
Wealth Management reported pre-tax income from continuing operations of $768 million compared with $736 million in the fourth quarter of last year. The quarter’s pre-tax margin was 20%, or 21% excluding severance costs.6,9 Net revenues for the current quarter were $3.8 billion.
| ● | Asset management fee revenues of $2.1 billion were essentially unchanged from a year ago, reflecting the impact of lower markets offset by positive flows. |
| ● | Transactional revenues17 of $861 million decreased from $976 million a year ago primarily reflecting lower commission revenues and lower levels of new issue activity. |
| ● | Net interest income of $779 million increased from $625 million a year ago on higher deposit and loan balances. Wealth Management client liabilities were $64 billion at quarter end, an increase of $13 billion compared with the prior year quarter.18 |
| ● | Compensation expense for the current quarter of $2.1 billion9 compared with $2.3 billion a year ago. The prior year quarter included compensation deferral expense adjustments of $88 million.8 Excluding the prior year compensation adjustments, compensation expenses of $2.1 billion decreased from $2.2 billion a year ago on lower revenues. |
| ● | Non-compensation expenses of $837 million increased from $777 million a year ago on higher professional services costs. |
| ● | Total client assets were $2.0 trillion and client assets in fee based accounts were $795 billion at quarter end. Fee based asset flows for the quarter were $11.4 billion. |
● | Wealth Management representatives of 15,889 produced average annualized revenue per representative of $947,000 in the current quarter. |
| | | | |
Summary of Investment Management Results(dollars in millions) |
| | | | |
| | Net | Pre-Tax | |
| | Revenues | Income (a) | |
| 4Q 2015 | $621 | $123 | |
| 3Q 2015 | $274 | $(38) | |
| 4Q 2014 | $588 | $(6) | |
| | | | |
| a) | Pre-tax income in 4Q 2014 included compensation deferral expense adjustments of $145 million. |
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
Investment Management reported a pre-tax income from continuing operations of $123 million compared with a pre-tax loss of $6 million in the fourth quarter of last year. The prior year quarter included expense adjustments of $145 million related to changes in discretionary incentive compensation deferrals.8
| ● | Net revenues of $621 million increased from $588 million in the prior year primarily reflecting higher results in the Merchant Banking and Real Estate Investing business, partly offset by lower results in Traditional Asset Management. |
| ● | Compensation expense for the current quarter of $278 million9 compared with $381 million a year ago.8 Excluding the prior year compensation deferral expense adjustments, compensation expenses of $278 million increased from $236 million in the prior year quarter primarily due to an increase in the fair value of deferred compensation plan referenced investments. |
| ● | Assets under management or supervision at December 31, 2015 were $406 billion. |
FULL YEAR RESULTS
Full year net revenues were $35.2 billion compared with $34.3 billion a year ago. Net income applicable to Morgan Stanley for the current year was $6.1 billion, or $2.90 per diluted share, compared with net income of $3.5 billion, or $1.60 per diluted share, a year ago.7 The current year included approximately $564 million, or $0.29 per diluted share, of net discrete tax benefits compared with approximately $2.2 billion, or $1.13 per diluted share, of net discrete tax benefits in the prior year.8 The prior year also included litigation costs of $3.1 billion in the fourth quarter, or a loss of $1.47 per diluted share, compensation deferral expense adjustments of approximately $1.1 billion or a loss of $0.39 per diluted share and a funding valuation adjustment charge of $468 million or a loss of $0.17 per diluted share.8
Results for the year included positive revenue related to DVA of $618 million, compared with revenue of $651 million a year ago. Excluding DVA, net revenues for the current year were $34.5 billion compared with $33.6 billion a year ago and net income applicable to Morgan Stanley was $5.7 billion, or $2.70 per diluted share, compared with net income of $3.0 billion, or $1.39 per diluted share, a year ago.2,3,4
The Firm’s compensation expense of $16.0 billion9 for the current year decreased from $17.8 billion a year ago, which included approximately $1.1 billion related to the changes in discretionary incentive compensation deferrals.8 Non-compensation expenses of $10.6 billion decreased from $12.9 billion a year ago driven by lower litigation costs.8
The return on average common equity was 8.5 percent for the full year ended 2015, or 7.8 percent excluding DVA.10
| | | | | | | |
| Summary of Firm Results |
| (dollars in millions) |
| | | | | | | |
| | As Reported | | Excluding DVA 4 | |
| | Net | Net Income | | Net | Net Income | |
| | Revenues | App. To MS | | Revenues | App. To MS | |
| FY 2015 | $35,155 | $6,127 | | $34,537 | $5,728 | |
| FY 2014 | $34,275 | $3,467 | | $33,624 | $3,049 | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Summary of Segment Results |
| (dollars in millions) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | As Reported | | Excluding DVA 14 | |
| | Net | | Pre-Tax | | Net | | Pre-Tax | |
| | Revenues (a) | | Income (b) | | Revenues (a) | | Income (b) | |
| | FY 2015 | | FY 2014 | | FY 2015 | | FY 2014 | | FY 2015 | | FY 2014 | | FY 2015 | | FY 2014 | |
| Institutional Securities | $17,953 | | $16,871 | | $4,671 | | $(58) | | $17,335 | | $16,220 | | $4,053 | | $(709) | |
| Wealth Management | $15,100 | | $14,888 | | $3,332 | | $2,985 | | $15,100 | | $14,888 | | $3,332 | | $2,985 | |
| Investment Management | $2,315 | | $2,712 | | $492 | | $664 | | $2,315 | | $2,712 | | $492 | | $664 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| a) | 2014 Institutional Securities revenues included a pre-tax charge of $468 million related to the initial implementation of FVA. |
| b) | 2014 Institutional Securities pre-tax income included 4Q 2014 litigation costs of $3.1 billion. |
INSTITUTIONAL SECURITIES
Institutional Securities reported pre-tax income from continuing operations of $4.7 billion compared with a pre-tax loss of $58 million a year ago. Net revenues for the current year were $18.0 billion compared with $16.9 billion a year ago. Net revenues for the prior year included the impact of a pre-tax charge of approximately $468 million related to the initial incorporation of FVA into the fair value measurements of certain over-the-counter derivatives.8 DVA resulted in positive revenue of $618 million in the current year compared with revenue of $651 million a year ago.
Excluding DVA and the FVA charge in the prior year, net revenues for the current year were $17.3 billion compared with $16.7 billion a year ago.8,14 Compensation expense of $6.5 billion9 compared with $7.8 billion a year ago which included compensation deferral expense adjustments of $904 million.8 Excluding DVA, the compensation to net revenue ratio for the current year was 37%,19 reflecting disciplined compensation management. Non-compensation expenses of $6.8 billion decreased from $9.1 billion a year ago on lower litigation related costs.8
WEALTH MANAGEMENT
Wealth Management reported pre-tax income from continuing operations of $3.3 billion compared with $3.0 billion a year ago. Net revenues for the current year were $15.1 billion compared with $14.9 billion a year ago. The year’s pre-tax margin was 22%.6 Compensation expense was $8.6 billion9 compared with $8.8 billion a year ago.8 Non-compensation expenses of $3.2 billion increased from $3.1 billion a year ago.
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT
Investment Management reported pre-tax income from continuing operations of $492 million compared with $664 million a year ago. Net revenues of $2.3 billion decreased from $2.7 billion a year ago primarily reflecting lower investment revenues in the Merchant Banking and Real Estate Investing business. Compensation expense was $954 million9 compared with $1.2 billion a year ago.8 Non-compensation expenses of $869 million compared with $835 million a year ago.
CAPITAL
As of December 31, 2015, the Firm’s Common Equity Tier 1 and Tier 1 risk-based capital ratios under U.S. Basel III Advanced Approach transitional provisions were approximately 15.4% and 17.3%, respectively.11
As of December 31, 2015, the Firm estimates its pro forma fully phased-in Common Equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (under U.S. Basel III Advanced Approach) and pro forma fully phased-in Supplementary Leverage Ratio to be approximately 14.1% and 5.8%, respectively11,12,13
At December 31, 2015, book value and tangible book value per common share were $35.24 and $30.26,20 respectively, based on approximately 1.9 billion shares outstanding.
OTHER MATTERS
The effective tax rate from continuing operations for the current quarter was 34.5%, reflecting an increase from the prior quarter due to a change in the geographic mix of earnings. The effective tax rate from continuing operations for the full year was 25.9%.
During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, the Firm repurchased approximately $625 million of its common stock or approximately 19 million shares. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Firm repurchased approximately $2.1 billion of its common stock or approximately 59 million shares.
The Board of Directors declared a $0.15 quarterly dividend per share payable on February 15, 2016 to common shareholders of record on January 29, 2016.
Morgan Stanley is a leading global financial services firm providing a wide range of investment banking, securities, wealth management and investment management services. With offices in more than 43 countries, the Firm’s employees serve clients worldwide including corporations, governments, institutions and individuals. For further information about Morgan Stanley, please visit www.morganstanley.com.
A financial summary follows. Financial, statistical and business-related information, as well as information regarding business and segment trends, is included in the Financial Supplement. Both the earnings release and the Financial Supplement are available online in the Investor Relations section at www.morganstanley.com.
# # #
(See Attached Schedules)
NOTICE:
The information provided herein may include certain non-GAAP financial measures. The reconciliation of such measure to the comparable GAAP figures are included in this earnings release and the Financial Supplement, both of which are available on www.morganstanley.com.
This earnings release contains forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made and which reflect management's current estimates, projections, expectations or beliefs and which are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially. For a discussion of additional risks and uncertainties that may affect the future results of the Company, please see “Forward-Looking Statements” immediately preceding Part I, Item 1, “Competition” and “Supervision and Regulation” in Part I, Item 1, “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 and other items throughout the Form 10-K, the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments thereto.
1 Represents the change in the fair value of certain of the Firm’s long-term and short-term borrowings resulting from the fluctuation in the Firm’s credit spreads and other credit factors (Debt Valuation Adjustment, DVA).
2 From time to time, Morgan Stanley may disclose certain “non-GAAP financial measures” in the course of its earnings releases, earnings conference calls, financial presentations and otherwise. For these purposes, “GAAP” refers to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) defines a “non-GAAP financial measure” as a numerical measure of historical or future financial performance, financial positions, or cash flows that is subject to adjustments that effectively exclude, or include amounts from the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by Morgan Stanley are provided as additional information to investors in order to provide them with greater transparency about, or an alternative method for assessing, our financial condition, operating results, or prospective regulatory capital requirements. These measures are not in accordance with, or a substitute for GAAP, and may be different from or inconsistent with non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. Whenever we refer to a non-GAAP financial measure, we will also generally define it or present the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, along with a reconciliation of the differences between the non-GAAP financial measure we reference and such comparable GAAP financial measure.
3 Earnings (loss) per diluted share amounts, excluding DVA are non-GAAP financial measures that the Firm considers useful for investors to allow better comparability of period-to-period operating performance. The DVA exclusion is provided to differentiate revenues associated with Morgan Stanley borrowings, regardless of whether the impact is either positive, or negative, that result solely from fluctuations in credit spreads and other credit factors. The reconciliation of earnings (loss) per diluted share applicable to Morgan Stanley common shareholders from a non-GAAP to GAAP basis is as follows (number of shares are presented in millions):
| | 4Q 2015 | 4Q 2014 | FY 2015 | FY 2014 |
| Earnings (loss) per diluted share - Non-GAAP | $0.43 | $(0.99) | $2.70 | $1.39 |
| DVA Impact | $(0.04) | $0.08 | $0.20 | $0.21 |
| Earnings (loss) per diluted share - GAAP | $0.39 | $(0.91) | $2.90 | $1.60 |
| | | | | |
| Average diluted shares - GAAP | 1,939 | 1,920 | 1,953 | 1,971 |
4 Net revenues, excluding DVA and net income (loss) applicable to Morgan Stanley, excluding DVA, are non-GAAP financial measures that the Firm considers useful for investors to allow for better comparability of period-to-period operating performance. The reconciliation of net revenues and net income (loss) applicable to Morgan Stanley from a non-GAAP to GAAP basis is as follows (amounts are presented in millions):
| | 4Q 2015 | 3Q 2015 | 4Q 2014 | FY 2015 | FY 2014 |
| Firm net revenues - Non-GAAP | $7,862 | $7,332 | $7,541 | $34,537 | $33,624 |
| DVA impact | $(124) | $435 | $223 | $618 | $651 |
| Firm net revenues - GAAP | $7,738 | $7,767 | $7,764 | $35,155 | $34,275 |
| | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) applicable to MS ex. DVA - Non-GAAP | $986 | $740 | $(1,775) | $5,728 | $3,049 |
| DVA impact | $(78) | $278 | $145 | $399 | $418 |
| Net income (loss) applicable to MS - GAAP | $908 | $1,018 | $(1,630) | $6,127 | $3,467 |
5 Source: Thomson Reuters – for the period of January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 as of January 4, 2016.
6 Pre-tax margin is a non-GAAP financial measure that the Firm considers useful for investors to assess operating performance. Pre-tax margin represents income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes divided by net revenues.
7 Includes preferred dividends and other adjustments related to the calculation of earnings per share for the fourth quarter of 2015 and 2014 of approximately $155 million and $119 million, respectively. Includes preferred dividends and other adjustments related to the calculation of earnings per share for the years ended 2015 and 2014 of approximately $456 million and $315 million, respectively. Refer to page 13 of Morgan Stanley’s Financial Supplement accompanying this release for the calculation of earnings per share.
8 The prior year fourth quarter included several significant items which impacted earnings as follows:
| i. | Litigation costs of $3.1 billion related to residential mortgage backed securities and credit crisis related matters. |
| ii. | A net discrete tax benefit of approximately $1.4 billion related to a legal entity restructuring that included a change in tax status of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Holdings LLC (MSSBH) from a partnership to a corporation, which resulted in the release of a deferred tax liability which was previously established. |
| iii. | Compensation expense adjustments of approximately $1.1 billion. The compensation deferral expense adjustments were recorded in the business segments as follows: Institutional Securities: $904 million, Wealth Management: $88 million and Investment Management: $145 million. On December 1, 2014, the Firm’s Compensation, Management Development and Succession (CMDS) Committee of the Board of Directors approved an approach for awards of discretionary incentive compensation for the 2014 performance year to be granted in 2015 that would reduce the average deferral of such awards to an approximate baseline of 50%. Additionally, the CMDS Committee approved the acceleration of vesting for certain outstanding deferred cash-based incentive compensation awards. |
| iv. | A charge of $468 million related to the incorporation of funding valuation adjustments (FVA) into the fair value measurements of over-the-counter uncollateralized or partially collateralized derivatives, and in collateralized derivatives where the terms of the agreement do not permit the reuse of the collateral received. The pre-tax charge of approximately $468 million represented a change in accounting estimate, of which $466 million was reflected as a reduction to Institutional Securities Fixed Income & Commodities sales and trading net revenues. |
The impact to earnings per diluted share of the significant items noted above is calculated by dividing the after-tax impact of each item by the average number of diluted shares outstanding for each period noted:
| | 4Q 2014 | FY 2014 |
| Litigation costs | $(1.50) | $(1.47) |
| Net discrete tax benefit | $0.72 | $0.70 |
| Compensation deferral expense adjustments | $(0.41) | $(0.39) |
| FVA | $(0.18) | $(0.17) |
| Total Significant Items | $(1.37) | $(1.33) |
In addition to the fourth quarter net discrete tax benefit noted above, there were additional tax benefits recognized during the course of 2014. Full year 2014 net discrete tax benefits aggregated to $2.2 billion, or $1.13 per diluted share.
