UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
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(Mark One) | | |
þ | | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| | For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005 |
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or |
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o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number 1-11313
CKE Restaurants, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | | 33-0602639 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
6307 Carpinteria Ave., Ste. A Carpinteria, California 93013 (Address of principal executive offices) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code
(805) 745-7500
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of Each Class | | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
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Common Stock, $.01 par value | | New York Stock Exchange |
4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023 | | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes þ No o
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of August 9, 2004 was $699,986,858.
The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock was 59,007,824 as of April 8, 2005.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended January 31, 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I
Our fiscal year ends on the last Monday in January in each year. In this Annual Report, we refer to the fiscal years by reference to the calendar year in which they end (e.g., the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, is referred to as “fiscal 2005” and the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004, is referred to as “fiscal 2004”). Fiscal 2005 includes 53 weeks, and fiscal 2004 and 2003 each include 52 weeks. All dollar amounts used in the text of this Annual Report are in thousands, unless otherwise noted.
Company Overview
We own, operate, franchise and license approximately 3,166 quick-service restaurants, which are referred to in our industry as QSR’s, primarily under the brand names Carl’s Jr.®, Hardee’s® and La Salsa Fresh Mexican Grill®. According to the June 28, 2004, issue of Nation’s Restaurant News, our Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. chains are the tenth and eleventh largest sandwich restaurant chains in the U.S., respectively, based on U.S. system-wide foodservice sales. Our system-wide restaurant portfolio at January 31, 2005, consisted of:
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| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Green Burrito | | | Total | |
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Company-operated | | | 428 | | | | 677 | | | | 62 | | | | 2 | | | | 1,169 | |
Franchised and licensed | | | 586 | | | | 1,357 | | | | 39 | | | | 15 | | | | 1,997 | |
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| Total | | | 1,014 | | | | 2,034 | | | | 101 | | | | 17 | | | | 3,166 | |
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Carl’s Jr. The first Carl’s Jr. restaurant was opened in 1956. Our Carl’s Jr. restaurants are located predominantly in the Western United States. Carl’s Jr. restaurants offer superior food quality, a diverse menu focused on burgers, premium dining selections at reasonable prices and attentive customer service to create a quality dining experience for its customers. Approximately 22% of Carl’s Jr. restaurants are dual-branded with The Green Burrito®. Typically, dual-branded Carl’s Jr. restaurants have both higher sales and profits. Carl’s Jr. is predominantly a lunch and dinner concept, with approximately 88% of Carl’s Jr. company-operated restaurant revenues coming from the lunch and dinner portion of its business in fiscal 2005.
Hardee’s. The first Hardee’s restaurant was opened in 1960. Our Hardee’s restaurants are located predominantly in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States. Hardee’s restaurants offer quality food in generous portions at moderate prices. Historically, Hardee’s has been a place for breakfast, with approximately 44% of company-operated revenues derived from that portion of its business in fiscal 2005. In early 2003, we restructured our lunch/dinner menu, which now features large Angus beef Thickburgerstm and chicken sandwiches. Hardee’s breakfast menu is largely unchanged, featuring such items as Made From Scratch® biscuits and biscuit breakfast sandwiches. The new menu gives Hardee’s the opportunity to grow the lunch and dinner portion of its business.
La Salsa. We acquired La Salsa on March 1, 2002, when we acquired Santa Barbara Restaurant Group, Inc. (“SBRG”). Our La Salsa restaurants are located predominantly in California, and are quality, fast-casual restaurants featuring traditional Mexican food items including tacos, burritos, enchiladas and salads.
Recent Developments
Restatement of Prior Period Financial Results. As reported in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 15, 2005, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, after discussion with management and KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, concluded on April 11, 2005, that certain of our previously issued consolidated financial statements needed to be restated. As a result of the restatement, the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, in each case as amended to date, should no longer be relied upon, and the consolidated financial statements contained in this Annual Report should be relied upon in their place. Please seeManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Restatement
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of Previously Issued Financial Statementson page 26 of this Annual Report andNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 1 — Significant Accounting Policies — Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statementson page 79 of this Annual Report for additional information.
Amendment to Credit Facility. Until recently, our senior credit facility (the “Facility”) prohibited us from paying cash dividends. On April 21, 2005, we amended our senior credit facility to permit us to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as we were and are permitted to repurchase shares of our common stock. On April 25, 2005, we announced that our Board of Directors has declared a cash dividend of $0.04 per share of our common stock to be paid on June 13, 2005, to our stockholders of record on May 23, 2005, and further announced its intention to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend. This amendment to the Facility also resulted in a 0.50% decrease in the borrowing rate under our term loan, a 0.25% decrease in the borrowing rate on revolving loans and a 0.25% decrease in our letter of credit fee rate.
Divestiture of Timber Lodge. As discussed in Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we completed the sale of Timber Lodge on September 3, 2004, which was accounted for as a discontinued operation. The operating results of Timber Lodge, losses of approximately $646 and $2,790 for fiscal 2005 and 2004, respectively, are included in the Consolidated Financial Statements as discontinued operations.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measurements
In various places throughout this Annual Report, we use certain non-GAAP financial measures when describing our performance, which we believe provide valuable information to our stockholders. An example of such a non-GAAP financial measures would be EBITDA, which we believe is a valuable performance measure for our security holders as an indicator of earnings available to service debt and is a measure used by the lenders under our bank credit facility. Please see discussion of the non-GAAP financial measures we use in this Annual Report contained in Item 7 under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Presentation of Non-GAAP Measurements.”
Contact Information; Obtaining Copies of this Annual Report
We are incorporated in the State of Delaware. Our principal offices are located at 6307 Carpinteria Avenue, Suite A, Carpinteria, California, 93013. Our general website address iswww.ckr.com.
Electronic copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13 (a) or 15 (d) of the Exchange Act, are available free of charge by visiting the “Investors” section ofwww.ckr.com. These reports are posted as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In addition, print copies of any of the foregoing documents may be obtained free of charge by visiting the “Contact” section ofwww.ckr.com, or by phone at (805) 745-7500.
Information contained in our website is not deemed to be a part of this Annual Report.
Competitive Strengths
The QSR industry is highly competitive. In order to maintain or increase their sales, a number of our major competitors have from time to time discounted certain menu items and promoted these discounted
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“value items.” By contrast, we have developed and implemented a strategy to differentiate our Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s brands from our competitors that includes the following elements:
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| • | promotion of premium, great tasting products such as Carl’s Jr.’s The Six Dollar Burgertm, Pastrami Burgertm and Breakfast Burgertm; as well as Hardee’s Monster Thickburgertmand Loaded Biscuit and Gravy Breakfast Bowltm; |
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| • | installation of gas-fired charbroilers in all of our Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s restaurants to improve taste, operations and food safety; |
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| • | implementation of a program to focus on the essentials of restaurant operations — quality, service and cleanliness; and |
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| • | initiation of a program to elevate customer service at Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s to an industry-leading level. |
Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s further differentiate themselves from their competitors by preparing their products to order and according to exacting standards so that customers receive hot and fresh food, and by offering their customers the convenience of table service once the order is placed.
Carl’s Jr. Carl’s Jr. is a well-recognized brand that has operated profitably for the past eight fiscal years. The brand focuses on selling its signature products, such as the Super Star® hamburger, and on developing innovative new premium products, such as The 1 lb. Double Six Dollar Burgertm, Pastrami Burgertm, Loaded Breakfast Burritotm and Breakfast Burgertm, to attract what we characterize as the “young, hungry guy.” Carl’s Jr.’s focus on this customer type is enhanced through edgy, breakthrough advertising and high visibility sports sponsorships with professional sports teams in its major markets, including the National Basketball Association’s Los Angeles Lakers and Sacramento Kings and Major League Baseball’s Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants and Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. While we continue to build new Carl’s Jr. restaurants, most of the brand’s growth has come from its strong franchise community and its dual-branding opportunities with our Green Burrito brand.
Hardee’s. Hardee’s continues to progress through a turnaround program which is targeted at improving Hardee’s same-store sales and returning the Hardee’s brand to prominence in the QSR sector. The key elements of the turnaround program are to:
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| • | improve restaurant operations by streamlining the menu and returning to restaurant fundamentals — quality, service and cleanliness; |
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| • | remodel Hardee’s restaurants to the “Star Hardee’s” format and upgrade the condition of the facilities so that our customers enjoy comfortable surroundings and a pleasant dining experience; |
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| • | transform Hardee’s from a discount variety brand to a premium product brand that appeals to what we believe to be our industry’s most attractive demographic segment, 18 to 35-year old males; and |
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| • | grow the lunch and dinner portion of Hardee’s business while maintaining Hardee’s already strong breakfast business. |
Pursuant to this program, Hardee’s rolled out its new menu during early fiscal 2004, which we refer to as the “Revolution.” As part of the Revolution, we eliminated a significant number of menu items with the goal of simplifying the Hardee’s menu and improving restaurant operations. The Hardee’s menu now features a premium Angus beef line of1/3 lb.,1/2 lb. and2/3 lb. burgers called “Thickburgers.” We believe Thickburgers will help increase Hardee’s sales because burgers still represent the largest QSR segment, and the 18 to 35-year old male demographic segment which we target shows a strong preference for burgers. We believe the taste and quality of our Thickburgers are unparalleled in the QSR industry. Hardee’s focus on burgers marks a return to its roots of offering superior tasting charbroiled burgers, which we believe will increase the average customer check and average unit volumes.
We completed the implementation of the Hardee’s Revolution during fiscal 2004. The results of the new menu focus and other elements of the turnaround program have been positive, including 21 consecutive
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periods of increased same-store sales comparisons at Hardee’s through February 28, 2005. Our same-store sales for the four-week period ended March 28, 2005, which included the Easter holiday, were slightly lower than the prior year comparable period, which did not include the Easter holiday.
La Salsa. Our La Salsa restaurants, modeled after the “taquerias” of Mexico, primarily cater to the lunch and dinner segment, and feature freshly prepared items such as tacos, burritos, enchiladas and salads. La Salsa restaurants emphasize generous portions and quality ingredients including Grade “A” skinless chicken, USDA lean steak, Wahoo fish, shrimp, real cheddar and Monterey Jack cheese, long-grain rice and both black and pinto beans.
All ingredients are fresh, and there are no can openers or microwave ovens in the restaurants. Food is prepared to order, so that each item served will be fresh and hot. The restaurants offer a self-service salsa bar featuring a variety of condiments and freshly made salsas.
Business Strategy
We remain focused on vigorously pursuing a comprehensive business strategy. The main components of our strategy are as follows:
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| • | remain focused on restaurant fundamentals — quality, service and cleanliness; |
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| • | offer premium products that compete on quality and taste — not price; |
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| • | build on the strength of the Carl’s Jr. brand, including dual-branding opportunities with Green Burrito; |
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| • | continue to execute and refine the Hardee’s turnaround program; |
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| • | control costs while increasing revenues; |
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| • | leverage our infrastructure and marketing presence to build out existing core markets; and |
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| • | strengthen our franchise system and pursue further franchising opportunities. |
Building on our recent improvements at Hardee’s remains the primary focus of our management team. The key success factor in operating Hardee’s profitably is increasing sales. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, the average unit volume (“AUV”) at our company-operated Hardee’s restaurants was approximately $862, while the franchise-operated AUV was $891. We estimate that for the concept to operate profitably, the AUV must be in the range of $875 to $900 in today’s operating environment. We can provide no assurance that we will be successful in improving company-operated Hardee’s restaurant AUVs to, or maintaining franchise-operated Hardee’s restaurant AUVs at, those levels.
Franchise Strategy
Our franchise and licensing strategy is premised on our franchisees’ active involvement in and management of restaurant operations. Candidates are reviewed for appropriate operational experience and financial stability, including specific net worth and liquidity requirements. Generally, area development agreements require franchisees to open a specified number of restaurants in a designated geographic area within a specified period of time. Our franchise strategy is designed to further the development of our individual restaurant chains and reduce the total capital we need to develop our brands.
Carl’s Jr. Franchise agreements with Carl’s Jr. franchisees, which operate in Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas and Utah, generally provide for initial fees and continuing royalty payments and advertising fees to us based upon a percentage of gross sales (generally 4% for royalties and 5% to 7% for advertising). As of January 31, 2005, our Carl’s Jr. franchisees and licensees operated 586 Carl’s Jr. restaurants, or approximately 58% of the Carl’s Jr. system. The majority of our Carl’s Jr. franchisees own more than one restaurant, with 23 franchisees owning seven or more restaurants.
Hardee’s. Franchise agreements with Hardee’s franchisees, who operate restaurants predominantly in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, generally provide for initial fees and continuing royalty
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payments to us, and advertising fees to a national fund and/or a regional cooperative fund, based upon a percentage of gross sales (generally 4% for royalties and 3% to 5% for advertising). As of January 31, 2005, our Hardee’s franchisees and licensees operated 1,357 Hardee’s restaurants, or approximately 67% of the Hardee’s system. The majority of our Hardee’s franchisees own more than one restaurant, with 29 franchisees owning ten or more restaurants. Since our acquisition of Hardee’s in 1997, we have worked hard to develop and enhance a productive relationship with our Hardee’s franchisees. We have been supportive of Hardee’s franchise association and we believe we have strong communications with the franchisees. Our Hardee’s franchisees are joining us in our Star Hardee’s remodel program and, as of January 31, 2005, operated 888 franchised Star Hardee’s restaurants.
La Salsa. Franchise agreements with La Salsa franchisees, who operate restaurants predominantly in California, generally provide for initial fees and continuing royalty payments and advertising fees to us based upon a percentage of gross sales (generally 5% for royalties and 1% to 2% for advertising). As of January 31, 2005, our La Salsa franchisees and licensees operated 39 La Salsa restaurants, or approximately 39% of the La Salsa system.
The results of executing our business strategy have been:
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| • | We evolved the system-wide mix of restaurants to one that is primarily franchise-operated. At the end of fiscal 2005, approximately 58% and 67% of Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s restaurants, respectively, were franchised. |
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| • | We closed many unprofitable operations, which has improved our gross margin percentage and AUV in our Hardee’s restaurants. |
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| • | We believe we have improved the quality, service and cleanliness of our Hardee’s restaurants. |
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| • | Our same-store sales trends for company-operated restaurants, for each brand by quarter are: |
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| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | |
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Fiscal 2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | | 9.8 | % | | | 11.9 | % | | | 6.0 | % |
| Second Quarter | | | 8.1 | % | | | 6.2 | % | | | 4.6 | % |
| Third Quarter | | | 7.9 | % | | | 4.5 | % | | | 5.6 | % |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 4.9 | % | | | 4.4 | % | | | 4.3 | % |
Fiscal 2004 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | | (0.4 | )% | | | (3.8 | )% | | | (1.9 | )% |
| Second Quarter | | | 2.3 | % | | | 1.0 | % | | | (2.0 | )% |
| Third Quarter | | | 5.4 | % | | | 6.7 | % | | | (2.6 | )% |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 5.3 | % | | | 9.2 | % | | | 2.0 | % |
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| • | Quarterly net income (loss) by segment has been (in thousands): |
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| | | | | | | | Other, Including | | | Net Income | |
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| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Operations | | | Reported | |
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Fiscal 2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | $ | 19,704 | | | $ | (6,513 | ) | | $ | (2,532 | ) | | $ | (155 | ) | | $ | 10,504 | |
| Second Quarter | | | 5,648 | | | | (16,403 | ) | | | (2,002 | ) | | | 68 | | | | (12,689 | ) |
| Third Quarter | | | 15,661 | | | | (1,131 | ) | | | (1,466 | ) | | | 68 | | | | 13,132 | |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 17,477 | | | | (8,703 | ) | | | (4,314 | ) | | | 2,609 | | | | 7,069 | |
Fiscal 2004 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| First Quarter | | $ | 16,299 | | | $ | (21,899 | ) | | $ | (414 | ) | | $ | (1,688 | ) | | $ | (7,702 | ) |
| Second Quarter | | | 13,992 | | | | (8,744 | ) | | | (18 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | 5,223 | |
| Third Quarter | | | 10,515 | | | | (9,132 | ) | | | (703 | ) | | | 258 | | | | 938 | |
| Fourth Quarter | | | 8,513 | | | | (22,511 | ) | | | (36,118 | ) | | | (1,563 | ) | | | (51,679 | ) |
The net income for Carl’s Jr. for the second quarter of fiscal 2005 includes a charge of $7,000 to increase a litigation accrual to $9,000 for three purported class action lawsuits pertaining to State of California wage and hour laws. The matters were settled and paid later in fiscal 2005 for $7,059, resulting in a reversal back into income of $1,941 of the litigation accrual, partially offset by charges of $1,365 to increase litigation accruals for certain other matters, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005. See “Summary of Significant Litigation” on page 18.
The net loss for Hardee’s for the second quarter of fiscal 2005 includes charges totaling $12,943 for extinguishment of our Senior Subordinated Notes due 2009, and write-off of unamortized deferred financing costs.
The net loss for La Salsa for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 includes an impairment charge of $34,059 to reduce the carrying value of La Salsa’s goodwill to $0.
Financial Information about Operating Segments
We are engaged in the development, operation and franchising of quick-service and fast-casual restaurants, primarily under the brand names Carl’s Jr., Hardee’s, and La Salsa, principally in the United States of America. Information about our revenues, operating profits and assets is contained in Part II, Items 6 and 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As shown in the segment quarterly net income (loss) table above, as well as the information contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto, Carl’s Jr. operates profitably while Hardee’s operates at a loss. In viewing the segments, we allocate much of our general and administrative expenses and substantially all of our interest to each of the segments. On that basis, excluding the $12,943 of debt refinancing charges noted above, Hardee’s has been operating at a loss of approximately $1,651 per month during the last fiscal year.
Investments in Other Restaurant Concepts
In the past, we have invested in other restaurant concepts, as described in Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Although we have no present intention to acquire additional interests in other restaurant concepts, we may do so in the future depending on the business prospects of the restaurant concept, the availability of financing at attractive terms, alternative business opportunities available to us, the consent of our senior lenders, if required, and general economic conditions.
Restaurant Development
We perform extensive due diligence on prospective restaurant sites before we commit to opening, or permitting a franchisee to open, a restaurant at a location. We intend to continue to open new company-
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operated restaurants, primarily in established markets. In fiscal 2005, we opened 12 new restaurants, and our franchisees and licensees opened 45 new restaurants. The average development cost for fiscal 2005 and 2004 for company-owned restaurants, including capitalizing ground leases at 8% for Carl’s Jr. and La Salsa, was as follows:
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| | Average per restaurant(1) | |
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| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | |
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Land | | $ | — | | | $ | 434 | | | $ | — | |
Building | | | 718 | | | | 796 | | | | 478 | |
Equipment | | | 283 | | | | 280 | | | | 197 | |
Capitalization of leases | | | 854 | | | | — | | | | 913 | |
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Total | | $ | 1,855 | | | $ | 1,510 | | | $ | 1,588 | |
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(1) | The averages above are contingent upon a number of factors including, but not limited to, restaurant prototype, geographical area, and local zoning requirements. |
Restaurant Operations and Support
We strive to maintain high standards in all products and equipment used by our restaurants, as well as our operations related to food preparation, service and cleanliness. We generally prepare our hamburgers, chicken sandwiches and breakfast items after the customer has placed an order, with the goal of serving them promptly. In addition, we charbroil hamburger patties and chicken breasts in a gas-fired double broiler that sears the meat on both sides in a uniform heating and cooking time. At our La Salsa restaurants, we prepare our fresh-Mexican menu items after the customer has placed an order with the goal of serving them promptly.
Our commitment to quality in both our products and our operations is supported by our training program. Each company-operated Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s restaurant is operated by a general manager who has received a minimum of nine weeks of management training. Each company-operated La Salsa restaurant is operated by a general manager who has received 5-8 weeks of management training. These training programs involve a combination of classroom instruction and on-the-job training in specially designated training restaurants. The general manager trains other employees in accordance with our guidelines. District managers, who are responsible for seven to nine restaurants, also supervise general managers. Approximately 150 Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s district managers are under the supervision of regional vice presidents, who regularly inspect the operations in their respective districts and regions.
Marketing and Advertising
Our marketing and advertising initiatives focus on building brand awareness through the balanced use of television, radio and print advertising. These activities are supported by contributions of approximately 6.1% and 4.5% from Carl’s Jr. company-operated and franchise restaurants, respectively.
Hardee’s company-operated and franchised restaurants contribute approximately 3.5% of their sales to advertising co-operatives which use the funds to purchase television and radio advertising time. In addition, Hardee’s restaurants contribute approximately 1.5% of their sales to purchase merchandising materials, print coupons, and execute outdoor and local restaurant marketing efforts.
La Salsa company-operated and franchised restaurants contribute approximately 1.0% of their sales for the production of print and broadcast advertising and marketing material.
See discussion of advertising in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
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Purchasing
We purchase most of the food products and packaging supplies used in our Carl’s Jr. restaurant system and warehouse and distribute such items to both company-operated and franchised Carl’s Jr. restaurants. Although not required to do so, our Carl’s Jr. franchisees in California and some adjacent states purchase most of their food, packaging and supplies from us. We have elected not to outsource our Carl’s Jr. distribution activities because we believe our mature procurement process allows us to effectively manage our food costs, provide adequate quantities of food and supplies at competitive prices, generate revenue from Carl’s Jr. franchisees by adding a nominal mark-up to cover direct costs and provide better overall service to our restaurants in California. We seek competitive bids from suppliers on many of our products, approve suppliers of those products and require them to adhere to our established product specifications.
We currently purchase substantially all of the food, packaging and supplies sold or used in our Hardee’s restaurants from MBM Corporation (“MBM”) See“Risk Factors — We depend on our suppliers to deliver quality products to us timely”on page 12. MBM currently distributes products to company-operated restaurants and to many of the franchised Hardee’s restaurants. Pursuant to the terms of our distribution agreements, we are obligated to purchase substantially all of our specified product requirements from MBM through the middle of July 2010. The prices and delivery fees we pay for MBM products are subject to adjustment in certain circumstances, which may include increases or decreases resulting from changes in MBM’s cost structure.
We purchase most of the food, packaging and supplies used in our La Salsa restaurants from McCabe’s Quality Foods (“McCabe’s”). We have distribution agreements with both McCabe’s, which services restaurants in California, Nevada and Arizona, and Sysco, which distributes to a small number of our outer market franchise restaurants. The agreements with Sysco and McCabe’s expire in fiscal 2006 and 2007, respectively.
See Item 7. —Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Long-Term Obligations, for information about our unconditional purchase obligations.
Competition and Markets
The restaurant business is intensely competitive and affected by changes in a geographic area, changes in the public’s eating habits and preferences, local and national economic conditions affecting consumer spending habits, population trends and local traffic patterns. Key elements of competition in the industry are the price, quality and value of food products offered, quality and speed of service, advertising effectiveness, brand name identification, restaurant locations and attractiveness of facilities.
We primarily compete with major restaurant chains, some of whom dominate the QSR industry, and also compete with a variety of other take-out foodservice companies and fast-food restaurants. Our competitors also include a variety of mid-price, full-service casual-dining restaurants, health and nutrition-oriented restaurants, delicatessens and prepared food restaurants, as well as supermarkets and convenience stores. In selling franchises, we compete with many other restaurant franchisors, some of whom have substantially greater financial resources and higher franchise AUVs.
Trademarks and Service Marks
We own numerous trademarks and service marks, and have registered many of those marks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including Carl’s Jr., the Happy Star logo, Hardee’s, La Salsa Fresh Mexican Grill and proprietary names for a number of the Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s menu items. We believe our trademarks and service marks have value and play an important role in our marketing efforts.
Government Regulation
Each company-operated and franchised restaurant must comply with regulations adopted by federal agencies and with licensing and other regulations enforced by state and local health, sanitation, safety, fire and other departments. In addition, these restaurants must comply with federal and state environmental
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regulations, but those regulations have not had a material effect on the restaurants’ operations. Stringent and varied requirements of local governmental bodies with respect to zoning, land use and environmental factors can delay and sometimes prevent development of new restaurants and remodeling of existing restaurants in particular locations.
We are also subject to federal laws and a substantial number of state laws regulating the offer and sale of franchises. Such laws impose registration and disclosure requirements on franchisors in the offer and sale of franchises and may include substantive standards regarding the relationship between franchisor and franchisee, including limitations on the ability of franchisors to terminate franchise agreements or otherwise alter franchise arrangements. We believe we are operating in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations governing our franchise operations.
We, and our franchisees, must comply with the Fair Labor Standards Act and various federal and state laws governing employment matters, such as minimum wages, overtime pay practices, child labor laws and other working conditions and citizenship requirements. Many of our employees are paid hourly rates related to the federal and state minimum wage laws and, accordingly, increases in the minimum wage increase our labor costs. Federal and state laws may also require us to provide new or increased levels of employee benefits to our employees, many of whom are not currently eligible for such benefits.
The Company monitors its facilities for compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”) in order to conform to its requirements. Under the ADA, the Company could be required to expend funds to modify its restaurants to better provide service to, or make reasonable accommodation for the employment of, disabled persons. We believe that such expenditures, if required, would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
Environmental Matters
We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws. These laws govern discharges to air and water from our restaurants, as well as handling and disposal practices for solid and hazardous wastes. These laws may impose liability for damages from and the costs of cleaning up sites of spills, disposals or other releases of hazardous materials. We may be responsible for environmental conditions relating to our restaurants and the land on which our restaurants are located, regardless of whether we lease or own the restaurants or land in question and regardless of whether such environmental conditions were created by us or by a prior owner or tenant.
We cannot provide assurance that all such environmental conditions have been identified by us. These conditions include the presence of asbestos-containing materials, leaking underground storage tanks and on-site spills. Further, certain properties formerly had landfills, historic industrial use, gasoline stations and/or dry cleaning businesses located on or near the premises. Corrective action, as required by the regulatory agencies, has been undertaken at some of the sites, although the majority of these sites are being remediated by former landowners or tenants. The enforcement of our rights against third parties for environmental conditions, such as off-site sources of contamination, may result in additional transaction costs for us.
Seasonality
We operate on a retail accounting calendar. Our fiscal year has 13 four-week accounting periods and ends the last Monday in January. The first quarter of our fiscal year has four periods, or 16 weeks. All other quarters have three periods, or 12 weeks. Fiscal 2005, which ended on January 31, 2005, includes 53 weeks (which included one five-week accounting period in our fourth fiscal quarter), whereas fiscal 2004 and 2003 each include 52 weeks.
Our restaurant sales and, therefore, our profitability, are subject to seasonal fluctuations and are traditionally higher during the spring and summer months because of factors such as increased travel and better weather conditions, which affect the public’s dining habits.
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Government Contracts
No material portion of our business is subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts or subcontracts at the election of the U.S. government.
Research and Development
We operate research and development facilities in California and Missouri. While research and development activities are important to our business, these expenditures are not material.
Employees
We employ approximately 30,000 persons, primarily in company-operated restaurants and in our corporate offices and distribution facilities. Only those employees working at the La Salsa restaurant located in the Luxor Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have never experienced a work stoppage attributable to labor disputes. Past attempts to unionize our distribution center employees have been rejected by employee votes. We believe our employee relations are good.
Working Capital Practices
Information about our liquidity is contained in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 in Part II, Item 7, pages 56 through 60, and the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 in Part II, Item 8, page 77 of this Form 10-K.
Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Matters discussed in this Form 10-K contain forward-looking statements relating to future plans and developments, financial goals, and operating performance that are based on our current beliefs and assumptions. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those described include, but are not limited to, whether or not restaurants will be closed and the number of restaurant closures, consumers’ concerns or adverse publicity regarding our products, the effectiveness of operating initiatives and advertising and promotional efforts (particularly at the Hardee’s brand), changes in economic conditions or prevailing interest rates, changes in the price or availability of commodities, availability and cost of energy, workers’ compensation and general liability premiums and claims experience, changes in our suppliers’ ability to provide quality and timely products, delays in opening new restaurants or completing remodels, severe weather conditions, the operational and financial success of our franchisees, our franchisees’ willingness to participate in our strategy, the availability of financing for us and our franchisees, unfavorable outcomes in litigation, changes in accounting policies and practices, effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, new legislation or government regulation (including environmental laws), the availability of suitable locations and terms for the sites designed for development, and other factors as discussed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law or the rules of the New York Stock Exchange.
Risk Factors
We are engaged in a business strategy that includes the turnaround of our Hardee’s operations. The success of a business strategy, by its very nature, involves a significant number of risks, many of which are discussed below:
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| Our success depends on our ability to judge the impact of competitive products and pricing. |
Successful operation of our restaurants requires the ability to identify the effects of product and pricing trends. If we are unable to evaluate the impact of product or pricing trends effectively, we may fail to
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implement strategies allowing us to capitalize on those trends, which may result in decreased sales or increased costs.
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| Our success depends on our ability to compete with our competitors. |
The foodservice industry is intensely competitive with respect to the quality and value of food products offered, concept service, price, dining experience and location. We compete with major restaurant chains, some of which dominate the QSR segment. Our competitors also include a variety of mid-price, full-service casual-dining restaurants, health and nutrition-oriented restaurants, delicatessens and prepared food restaurants, as well as supermarkets and convenience stores. Many of our competitors have substantially greater brand recognition, as well as greater financial, marketing, operating and other resources than we have, which may give them competitive advantages. Our competitors could also make changes to pricing or other marketing strategies which may impact us detrimentally. As our competitors expand operations, we expect competition to intensify. Such increased competition could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
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| We may be unable to remain competitive or grow because we are a leveraged company. |
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. As of January 31, 2005, we had a total of $317,048 of debt and capital lease obligations. This indebtedness requires us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to principal and interest payments on our indebtedness, which could prevent us from implementing growth plans or proceeding with operational improvement initiatives. For instance, the principal measure of success in the QSR segment is same-store sales. Remodeling older restaurants is an effective way to stimulate sales. If we are required to divert cash flow from the remodeling of older restaurants or the opening of new restaurants to repayment of debt, we may be at a disadvantage compared to our competitors and our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions may be increased.
As of January 31, 2005, we had $14,500 outstanding under the revolving portion and $138,651 outstanding under the term loan portion of our senior credit facility, and $65,868 in outstanding letter of credit obligations. We face a series of maturity dates on our outstanding indebtedness that occur in close proximity to each other, beginning with the maturity of the revolving credit facility portion of our senior credit facility on May 1, 2007, the maturity date of the term loan portion of our senior credit facility on July 2, 2008, and the requirement to repurchase our $105,000 of 4% Convertible Notes Due 2023 at the option of the holders of the notes in October 2008. Our leveraged status may prevent us from accessing credit or equity markets to satisfy our repayment obligations as they mature on favorable terms, or at all.
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| Restrictive covenants in our credit facility and outstanding senior indebtedness could adversely affect our business. |
Our credit facility and our other outstanding senior indebtedness contain restrictive covenants and, in the case of our credit facility, requirements that we comply with certain financial ratios. These covenants limit our ability to take various actions, including the incurrence of additional debt, the guaranteeing of indebtedness and engaging in various types of transactions, including mergers and sales of assets, and making specified distributions or other restricted payments, including investments. These covenants could have an adverse effect on our business by limiting our ability to take advantage of business opportunities. Failure to maintain financial ratios required by our credit facility or to comply with the covenants in our credit facility or our other indebtedness could also result in acceleration of our indebtedness, which would impair our liquidity and limit our ability to operate.
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| Failure to continue our revitalization of Hardee’s would have a significant negative effect on our success. |
We have been challenged in our efforts to reestablish the connection between Hardee’s and consumers. Our efforts have included developing new marketing strategies, remodeling restaurants, refranchising restaurants, product variety, and a focus on the fundamentals of quality, service and cleanliness. Hardee’s performance has improved significantly; however, we believe Hardee’s remains an under-performing brand.
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| Our success depends on our ability to attract and retain key personnel. |
We believe that our success will depend, in part, on the continuing services of our key management personnel. The loss of the services of key personnel could have a material impact on our financial results. Additionally, our success may depend on our ability to attract and retain additional skilled management personnel.
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| Our success depends on our franchisees’ participation in our strategy. |
Our franchisees are an integral part of our business. We may be unable to successfully implement our brand strategies if our franchisees do not participate in that implementation. The failure of our franchisees to focus on the fundamentals of restaurant operations, such as quality, service and cleanliness, would have a negative impact on our success.
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| Our financial results are affected by the financial results of our franchisees. |
We receive royalties from our franchisees. Our financial results are somewhat contingent upon the operational and financial success of our franchisees, including implementation of our strategic plans, as well as their ability to secure adequate financing. If sales trends or economic conditions worsen for our franchisees, their financial health may worsen, our collection rates may decline and we may be required to assume the responsibility for additional lease payments on franchised restaurants. Additionally, refusal on the part of franchisees to renew their franchise agreements may result in decreased royalties. Entering into restructured franchise agreements may result in reduced franchise royalty rates in the future.
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| We may be unable to recover increased operating costs through price increases. |
The QSR segment historically has attracted consumers that are either lower income and/or pressed for time. An economic downturn that decreases our customers’ disposable incomes would have a negative impact on our sales and profitability. In addition, unfavorable macroeconomic trends or developments concerning factors such as increased food, labor and employee benefit costs and availability of experienced employees may also adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. We may be unable to increase prices to match increased costs without further harming our sales. If we are unable to raise prices in order to recover increased costs for food, fuel, utilities, wages, clothing and equipment, our profitability will be negatively affected.
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| We face commodity price and availability risks. |
We purchase energy and agricultural products that are subject to price volatility caused by weather, market conditions and other factors that are not predictable or within our control. Increases in commodity prices could result in lower restaurant-level operating margins for our restaurant concepts. Occasionally, the availability of commodities can be limited due to circumstances beyond our control. If we are unable to obtain such commodities, we may be unable to offer related products, which would have a negative impact on our profitability.
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| We depend on our suppliers to deliver quality products to us timely. |
Our profitability is dependent on, among other things, our continuing ability to offer fresh, high-quality food at moderate prices. While we continue to operate our own distribution business for most of our Carl’s Jr. system, we rely upon independent distributors for our Hardee’s and La Salsa restaurants. Our Hardee’s restaurants depend on the distribution services of MBM Corporation, an independent supplier and distributor of food and other products. MBM is responsible for delivering food, paper and other products from our vendors to our Hardee’s restaurants on a regular basis. MBM also provides distribution services to a large number of our Hardee’s franchisees. We purchase most of the food, packaging and supplies used in our La Salsa restaurants from McCabe’s Quality Foods. We have distribution agreements with both McCabe’s Quality Foods, which services restaurants in California, Nevada and Arizona, and Sysco, which distributes to a small number of our franchise restaurants outside these states. The agreements with Sysco and McCabe’s Quality
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Foods expire in fiscal 2006 and 2007, respectively. In addition, our dependence on frequent deliveries of food and paper products subjects our restaurants to the risk that shortages or interruptions in supply, caused by adverse weather or other conditions, could adversely affect the availability, quality and cost of ingredients. Any disruption in these distribution services could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
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| Adverse publicity regarding beef could negatively impact our business. |
Given the events regarding afflictions affecting livestock in various parts of the world, such as “mad cow” disease, it is possible that the production and supply of beef could be negatively impacted. A reduction in the supply of beef could have a material effect on the price at which it could be obtained. In addition, concerns regarding hormones, steroids and antibiotics may cause consumers to reduce or avoid consumption of beef. Failure to procure beef at reasonable terms and prices, or any reduction in consumption of beef by consumers, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
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| Consumer preferences and perceptions may have significant effects on our business. |
Foodservice businesses are often affected by changes in consumer tastes and perceptions. Traffic patterns, demographics and the type, number and locations of competing restaurants may adversely affect the performance of individual restaurants. Multi-unit foodservice businesses such as ours can also be materially and adversely affected by publicity resulting from poor food quality, illness, injury or other health concerns or operating issues stemming from one or a limited number of restaurants. We can be similarly affected by consumer concerns with respect to the nutritional value of quick-service food.
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| Our operations are seasonal and heavily influenced by weather conditions. |
Weather, which is unpredictable, can adversely impact our sales. Harsh weather conditions that keep customers from dining out result in lost opportunities for our restaurants. A heavy snowstorm can leave an entire metropolitan area snowbound, resulting in a reduction in sales. Our first and fourth quarters, notably the fourth quarter, include winter months when there is historically a lower level of sales. Because a significant portion of our restaurant operating costs is fixed or semi-fixed in nature, the loss of sales during these periods adversely impacts our operating margins, resulting in restaurant operating losses. These adverse, weather-driven events principally arise at our Hardee’s, and to a lesser extent, La Salsa restaurants. For these reasons, a quarter-to-quarter comparison may not be a good indication of our performance or how we may perform in the future.
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| Our business may suffer due to our inability to hire and retain qualified personnel and due to higher labor costs. |
Given that our restaurant-level workforce requires large numbers of both entry-level and skilled employees, low levels of unemployment could compromise our ability to provide quality service in our restaurants. From time to time, we have had difficulty hiring and maintaining qualified restaurant management personnel. Increases in the minimum wage have impacted our labor costs. Due to the labor-intensive nature of our business, a continuing shortage of labor or increases in minimum wage levels could have a negative effect on our results of operations.
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| Our sales and profits may be materially and adversely affected by our inability to integrate acquisitions successfully. |
Our future results of operations and cash flow may depend in part upon our ability to integrate any future acquisitions and mergers. If we are unable to achieve the strategic operating objectives we anticipate from any such acquisitions we may experience increased costs or decreased sales which would have a negative impact on our results from operations. Strategic operating initiatives that we may be unable to achieve include economies of scale in operations, cost reductions, sales increases and marketing initiatives.
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| Our business may be impacted by increased insurance costs. |
In the past we have been negatively affected by increases in both workers’ compensation insurance and general liability insurance due to our claims experience and rising healthcare costs. Although we seek to manage our claims to prevent increases, such increases can occur unexpectedly and without regard to our efforts to limit them. If such increases occur, we may be unable to pass them along to the consumer through product price increases, resulting in decreased operating results.
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| Our financial results may be impacted by our ability to select appropriate restaurant locations, construct new restaurants or complete remodels. |
In recent years, we have not opened a significant number of new restaurants, as available cash was used to repay indebtedness. Our strategic plan, and a component of our business strategy, includes the construction of new restaurants and the remodeling of existing restaurants. We and our franchisees face competition from other restaurant operators, retail chains, companies and developers for desirable site locations, which may adversely affect the cost, implementation and timing of our expansion plans. If we experience delays in the construction process we may be unable to complete such construction activities at the planned cost, which would adversely affect our future results from operations. Additionally, we cannot assure you that such remodels and conversions will increase the revenues generated by these restaurants or be sustainable. Likewise, we cannot be sure that the sites we select for new restaurants will result in restaurants whose sales results meet our expectations.
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| The nature of our business exposes us to potential litigation. |
We have thousands of interactions or transactions each day with vendors, franchisees, customers, employees and others. In the ordinary course of business, disputes may arise for a number of reasons. We cannot be certain that we will prevail in every legal action brought against us.
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| Governmental regulations may change and require us to incur substantial expenditures to comply. |
We are subject to governmental regulation at the federal, state and local level in many areas of our business, such as food safety and sanitation, the sale of alcoholic beverages, environmental issues and minimum wage. Governmental entities may change regulations that may require us to incur substantial cost increases in order to comply with such laws and regulations. While we endeavor to comply with all applicable laws and regulations, we cannot assure you that we are in full compliance with all laws and regulations at all times or that we will be able to comply with any future laws or regulations. If we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may be subject to sanctions or civil remedies, including fines and injunctions. The cost of compliance or the consequences of non-compliance could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
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| Compliance with environmental laws may affect our financial condition. |
We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental laws. These laws govern discharges to air and water, as well as handling and disposal practices for solid and hazardous wastes. These laws may also impose liability for damages from and the costs of cleaning up sites of spills, disposals or other releases of hazardous materials. We may be responsible for environmental conditions or contamination relating to our restaurants and the land on which our restaurants are located, regardless of whether we lease or own the restaurant or land in question and regardless of whether such environmental conditions were created by us or by a prior owner or tenant. The costs of any cleanup could be significant and have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations.
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| Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws could limit the ability of our stockholders to effect a change in control. |
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include several provisions and features intended to render more difficult certain unsolicited or hostile attempts to acquire our business. In addition, our Board of
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Directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series, and to fix the rights, preferences and restrictions of such preferred stock. These provisions may discourage a third party from attempting to acquire control of us and could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.
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| We face risks related to interest rates. |
Our principal exposure to financial market risks is the impact that interest rate changes could have on our senior credit facility, the magnitude of which depends on the amount of borrowings we have outstanding. As of January 31, 2005, we had $10,000 of borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility that bore an interest rate of LIBOR plus an applicable margin, or 5.06%, and $4,500 borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility that bore interest at Prime plus an applicable margin, or 6.50%. As of January 31, 2005, we also had $138,651 outstanding under the term loan portion of our credit facility, which bore interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin, or 4.94%, and $65,868 in outstanding letter of credit obligations, which bore fees at 2.5%.
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| Our financial results may be impacted by changes in accounting policies and practices. |
As of the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2005, we began to include in our Consolidated Financial Statements the operations of one of our Hardee’s franchisees and approximately 85 Hardee’s advertising fund arrangements as a result of the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46R,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities — an Interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2003, we recognized a charge of $175,780 as a result of the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
As of the beginning of fiscal 2007, we will be required to adopt the provisions of SFAS 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment, which will require us to measure and record compensation cost for all share-based payments, including employee stock options, at fair value.
Additional future changes to accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. may materially adversely affect our financial results if we are required to change our methods of accounting for transactions.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Our executive officers are as follows:
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Name | | Age | | | Position |
| | | | | |
Andrew F. Puzder | | | 54 | | | Chief Executive Officer and President |
Theodore Abajian | | | 40 | | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
John J. Dunion | | | 46 | | | Executive Vice President, Supply Chain Management |
Brad Haley | | | 46 | | | Executive Vice President, Marketing — Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s |
Renea S. Hutchings | | | 47 | | | Executive Vice President, Development |
E. Michael Murphy | | | 53 | | | Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |
Andrew F. Puzderwas appointed to the Board of Directors in May 2001. Mr. Puzder became Chief Executive Officer and President of CKE in September 2000. From February 1997 to September 2000, he served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of CKE. Mr. Puzder was also Executive Vice President of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (“FNF”) from January 1995 to June 2000. Mr. Puzder was a partner in the Costa Mesa, California law firm of Lewis, D’Amato, Brisbois & Bisgaard from September 1991 to March 1994, and a shareholder in the Newport Beach, California law firm of Stradling Yocca Carlson & Rauth from March 1994 until joining FNF in 1995.
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Theodore Abajianwas appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company in May 2003. From March 2002, he has also served as Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer. From November 2000 to March 2002, Mr. Abajian served as President and Chief Executive Officer of SBRG, and as its Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from May 1998. In addition, from January 2000 to October 2000, Mr. Abajian held the position of Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc., and served as the Chief Financial Officer of Star Buffet, Inc. from July 1997 to May 1998. Mr. Abajian also served as a director of Staceys Buffet, Inc. from October 1997 to February 1998, and was Vice President and Controller with Summit Family Restaurants, Inc. from 1994 to 1998.
John J. Dunionwas appointed Executive Vice President, Supply Chain Management in July 2001. Prior to that, he held the position of Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer. Before joining CKE in 1996, Mr. Dunion held various management positions with Unigate Restaurants, Inc., Jack in the Box, Inc. and Taco Bell Corp.
Brad Haleywas appointed Executive Vice President, Marketing for Hardee’s in September 2000. He also assumed responsibility for Carl’s Jr. marketing in January 2004. Prior to joining Hardee’s, Mr. Haley worked as Chief Marketing Officer for Church’s Chicken. From 1992 to 1999, Mr. Haley served as corporate vice president of marketing communications for Jack in the Box, Inc.
Renea S. Hutchingswas appointed Executive Vice President, Development in February 2001. Ms. Hutchings began her career with CKE in 1982, and has held various positions with the Company, most recently as Vice President, Franchising.
E. Michael Murphybecame Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of CKE in January 2001, after serving as Senior Vice President of the Company, and Senior Vice President, General Counsel of Hardee’s Food Systems, Inc. from July 1998. For the prior 10 years, Mr. Murphy was a partner of The Stolar Partnership law firm in St. Louis, Missouri.
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The following table sets forth information regarding our restaurant properties at January 31, 2005:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Land and | | | Land Leased | | | Land and | | | |
| | Building | | | and Building | | | Building | | | |
| | Owned | | | Owned | | | Leased | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carl’s Jr.: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated | | | 38 | | | | 109 | | | | 281 | | | | 428 | |
| Franchise-operated(1) | | | 6 | | | | 40 | | | | 178 | | | | 224 | |
| Third party-operated/vacant(2) | | | 5 | | | | 6 | | | | 26 | | | | 37 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Subtotal | | | 49 | | | | 155 | | | | 485 | | | | 689 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Hardee’s: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated | | | 315 | | | | 148 | | | | 214 | | | | 677 | |
| Franchise-operated(1) | | | 34 | | | | 60 | | | | 118 | | | | 212 | |
| Third party-operated/vacant(2) | | | 20 | | | | 15 | | | | 65 | | | | 100 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Subtotal | | | 369 | | | | 223 | | | | 397 | | | | 989 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
La Salsa: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated | | | — | | | | 4 | | | | 58 | | | | 62 | |
| Third party-operated/vacant(2) | | | — | | | | — | | | | 6 | | | | 6 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Subtotal | | | — | | | | 4 | | | | 64 | | | | 68 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | 2 | |
| Third party-operated/vacant(2) | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Subtotal | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | | 5 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated | | | 353 | | | | 261 | | | | 555 | | | | 1,169 | |
| Franchise-operated(1) | | | 40 | | | | 100 | | | | 296 | | | | 436 | |
| Third party-operated/vacant(2) | | | 25 | | | | 23 | | | | 98 | | | | 146 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total | | | 418 | | | | 384 | | | | 949 | | | | 1,751 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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(1) | “Franchise-operated” properties are those which we own and lease to franchisees, or lease and sublease to franchisees. |
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(2) | “Third party-operated/ vacant” properties are those we own or lease that are either operated by unaffiliated entities or are currently vacant. |
The terms of our leases or subleases vary in length, with primary terms (i.e., before consideration of option periods) expiring on various dates through 2066. We do not expect the expiration of these leases to have a material impact on our operations in any particular year, as the expiration dates are staggered over a number of years and many of the leases contain renewal options.
Our corporate headquarters is located in Carpinteria, California and contains approximately 65,000 square feet of space. Our primary distribution center and Carl’s Jr. brand headquarters are both located in Anaheim, California and contain approximately 103,000 and 78,000 square feet of space, respectively. A secondary distribution center for the Carl’s Jr. brand is located in Manteca, California, and contains approximately 52,000 square feet of space. Our Hardee’s corporate facility is located in St. Louis, Missouri, and contains approximately 39,000 square feet of space, and a Hardee’s equipment distribution center is located in Rocky Mount, North Carolina, in a facility that contains approximately 81,000 square feet of space.
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There are currently a number of lawsuits pending against us. These lawsuits cover a variety of allegations spanning our entire business. The following is a brief description of the more significant of these categories of lawsuits. In addition, we are subject to various federal, state and local regulations that affect our business. We do not believe that any such claims, lawsuits or regulations will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results.
Employees
We employ many thousands of persons, both by us and in restaurants owned and operated by subsidiaries of ours. In addition, thousands of persons from time to time seek employment in such restaurants. In the ordinary course of business, disputes arise regarding hiring, firing and promotion practices.
Customers
Our restaurants serve a large cross-section of the public and, in the course of serving that many people, disputes arise as to products, services, accidents and other matters typical of an extensive restaurant business such as ours.
Suppliers
We rely on large numbers of suppliers, who are required to meet and maintain our high standards, to operate our restaurants. On occasion, disputes may arise with our suppliers on a number of issues including, but not limited to, compliance with product specifications and certain business concerns. Additionally, disputes may arise on a number of issues between us and individuals or entities who claim they should have been granted the approval or opportunity to supply products or services to our restaurants.
Franchising
A substantial number of our restaurants are franchised to independent entrepreneurs operating under contractual arrangements with us. In the course of the franchise relationship, disputes occasionally arise between us and our franchisees relating to a broad range of subjects including, without limitation, quality, service and cleanliness issues, contentions regarding grants or terminations of franchises, and delinquent payments. Additionally, on occasion disputes arise between us and individuals who claim they should have been granted a franchise.
Intellectual Property
We have registered trademarks and service marks, patents and copyrights, some of which are of material importance to our business. From time to time, we may become involved in litigation to defend and protect our use of our intellectual property.
Summary of Significant Litigation
We are, from time to time, the subject of complaints or litigation from customers alleging illness, injury or other food quality, health or operational concerns. Adverse publicity resulting from such allegations may materially adversely affect us and our restaurants, regardless of whether such allegations are valid or whether we are liable. We are also, at times, the subject of complaints or allegations from employees, former employees and franchisees. On October 3, 2001, an action was filed by Adam Huizar and Michael Bolden, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, in the Superior Court of the State of California, Los Angeles County, seeking class action status and alleging violations of California wage and hour laws. Similar actions were filed by Mary Jane Amberson and James Bolin, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated, in the Superior Court of the State of California, Los Angeles County, on April 5, 2002 and November 26, 2002, respectively. The complaints allege that salaried restaurant management personnel at the Company’s Carl’s Jr. restaurants in California were improperly classified as exempt from California overtime
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laws, thereby depriving them of overtime pay. During the quarter ended August 9, 2004, we announced we had reached a preliminary agreement, subject to court approval, to settle these three lawsuits and fully resolve all complaints contained therein. The court approved settlement on December 15, 2004, and we paid $7,059 on or about December 27, 2004 to cover claims by eligible class members, plaintiff attorneys’ fees and costs, payments to the named plaintiffs, and costs of a third-party administrator.
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Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
None.
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PART II
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Item 5. | Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “CKR”. As of April 8, 2005, there were approximately 1,921 record holders of our common stock. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices of our common stock, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape:
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| | High | | | Low | |
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Fiscal 2005 | | | | | | | | |
| First Fiscal Quarter | | $ | 11.68 | | | $ | 7.25 | |
| Second Fiscal Quarter | | | 14.54 | | | | 9.39 | |
| Third Fiscal Quarter | | | 13.64 | | | | 10.40 | |
| Fourth Fiscal Quarter | | | 14.77 | | | | 11.89 | |
Fiscal 2004 | | | | | | | | |
| First Fiscal Quarter | | $ | 6.01 | | | $ | 3.05 | |
| Second Fiscal Quarter | | | 7.04 | | | | 4.75 | |
| Third Fiscal Quarter | | | 7.95 | | | | 5.81 | |
| Fourth Fiscal Quarter | | | 7.69 | | | | 5.74 | |
Our senior credit facility prohibited us from paying cash dividends to our stockholders until recently, and we did not declare any cash dividends for fiscal 2005 or fiscal 2004. On April 21, 2005, we amended our senior credit facility to permit us to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as we were and are permitted to repurchase shares of our common stock. On April 25, 2005, we announced our Board of Directors’ declaration of a cash dividend of $0.04 per share of our common stock to be paid on June 13, 2005, to our stockholders of record on May 23, 2005, and further announced our intention to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend.
In April 2004, our Board of Directors authorized a program to allow us to repurchase up to $20,000 of our common stock. Pursuant to this authorization, during the sixteen weeks ended May 17, 2004, we repurchased 319,000 shares of our common stock at an average price of $10.49 per share, for a total cost, including trading commissions, of $3,354. We did not repurchase any additional shares in the twelve weeks ended August 9, 2004. During the twelve weeks ended November 1, 2004, we purchased 200,000 shares of our common stock at an average price of $10.99 per share, for a total cost, including trading commissions, of $2,205. We did not repurchase any additional shares in the thirteen weeks ended January 31, 2005.
The following table provides information as of January 31, 2005, with respect to shares of common stock repurchased by the Company during the fiscal quarter then ended (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):
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| | (a) | | | (b) | | | (c) | | | (d) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Maximum Number | |
| | | | | | | | (or Approximate | |
| | | | | | Total Number of | | | Dollar Value) of | |
| | Total | | | Average | | | Shares (or Units) | | | Shares (or Units) | |
| | Number of | | | Price | | | Purchased as Part | | | that May Yet Be | |
| | Shares (or | | | Paid per | | | of Publicly | | | Purchased Under | |
| | Units) | | | Share | | | Announced Plans | | | the Plans or | |
Period | | Purchased | | | (or Unit) | | | or Programs | | | Programs | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
November 2, 2004 – November 29, 2004 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | $ | 14,441 | |
November 30, 2004 – December 27, 2004 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 14,441 | |
December 28, 2004 – January 31, 2005 | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 14,441 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | $ | 14,441 | |
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Item 6. | Selected Financial Data |
The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Selected Financial and Operating Data
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31,(1)(2)(3)(8) | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004(7) | | | 2003(5)(6) | | | 2002 | | | 2001 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands except per share amounts, restaurant counts, ratios and percentages) | |
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated restaurants | | $ | 1,217,273 | | | $ | 1,142,929 | | | $ | 1,109,646 | | | $ | 1,174,384 | | | $ | 1,569,504 | |
| Franchised and licensed restaurants and other | | | 302,608 | | | | 270,491 | | | | 253,715 | | | | 263,727 | | | | 215,623 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | | 1,519,881 | | | | 1,413,420 | | | | 1,363,361 | | | | 1,438,111 | | | | 1,785,127 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Operating income (loss) | | | 56,780 | | | | (8,268 | ) | | | 35,617 | | | | (31,163 | ) | | | (140,980 | ) |
| Interest expense | | | 36,748 | | | | 39,962 | | | | 39,924 | | | | 53,906 | | | | 70,509 | |
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | 18,662 | | | | (50,430 | ) | | | 19,214 | | | | (84,724 | ) | | | (203,790 | ) |
| Loss from discontinued operations | | | (646 | ) | | | (2,790 | ) | | | (53 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change | | | 18,016 | | | | (53,220 | ) | | | 19,161 | | | | (84,724 | ) | | | (203,790 | ) |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change(6) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (175,780 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| Net income (loss) | | | 18,016 | | | | (53,220 | ) | | | (156,619 | ) | | | (84,724 | ) | | | (203,790 | ) |
| Net income (loss) per share — basic | | | 0.31 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | (2.76 | ) | | | (1.68 | ) | | | (4.04 | ) |
| Income (loss) from continuing operations per share — diluted | | | 0.31 | | | | (0.88 | ) | | | 0.33 | | | | (1.68 | ) | | | (4.04 | ) |
| Loss from discontinued operations per share — diluted | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.04 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change per share — diluted | | | 0.30 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | 0.33 | | | | (1.68 | ) | | | (4.04 | ) |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change per share — diluted(6) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3.02 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| Net income (loss) per share — diluted | | | 0.30 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | (2.69 | ) | | | (1.68 | ) | | | (4.04 | ) |
| Weighted-average shares outstanding — diluted | | | 59,583 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 58,124 | | | | 50,507 | | | | 50,501 | |
| Cash dividends paid per common share | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 0.04 | |
| Ratio of earnings to fixed charges(4) | | | 1.2 | x | | | — | | | | 1.2 | x | | | — | | | | — | |
21
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31,(1)(2)(3)(8) | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004(7) | | | 2003(5)(6) | | | 2002 | | | 2001 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands except per share amounts, restaurant counts, ratios and percentages) | |
Segment Operating Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr.: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | $ | 792,829 | | | $ | 725,055 | | | $ | 693,692 | | | $ | 704,557 | | | $ | 733,487 | |
| | Operating income | | | 61,658 | | | | 55,109 | | | | 52,577 | | | | 49,728 | | | | 59,275 | |
| Hardee’s: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | | 673,172 | | | | 642,694 | | | | 627,785 | | | | 690,459 | | | | 942,123 | |
| | Operating income (loss) | | | 5,291 | | | | (26,336 | ) | | | (16,361 | ) | | | (80,561 | ) | | | (203,526 | ) |
| La Salsa: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | | 48,794 | | | | 43,933 | | | | 39,959 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | Operating loss(7) | | | (10,269 | ) | | | (37,304 | ) | | | (397 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 18,432 | | | $ | 54,355 | | | $ | 18,440 | | | $ | 24,642 | | | $ | 16,860 | |
| Working capital deficit (as restated) | | | (74,907 | ) | | | (43,820 | ) | | | (69,586 | ) | | | (50,676 | ) | | | (25,983 | ) |
| Total assets (as restated) | | | 668,883 | | | | 730,404 | | | | 804,937 | | | | 898,516 | | | | 1,175,662 | |
| Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations, including current portion | | | 317,048 | | | | 418,176 | | | | 423,275 | | | | 444,847 | | | | 624,055 | |
| Stockholders’ equity (as restated) | | | 119,668 | | | | 100,658 | | | | 152,660 | | | | 227,348 | | | | 316,007 | |
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(1) | Our fiscal year is 52 or 53 weeks, ending the last Monday in January. For clarity of presentation, all years are presented as if the fiscal year ended January 31. Fiscal 2005 includes 53 weeks. Fiscal 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001 include 52 weeks. |
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(2) | Fiscal 2002 and 2001 include $43.1 million and $219.0 million, respectively, of revenue generated from other restaurant concepts we acquired prior to fiscal 1998, and have since sold. |
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(3) | Fiscal 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, and 2001 included $14.3 million, $17.8 million, $5.2 million, $70.9 million and $143.2 million, respectively, of facility action charges, net. |
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(4) | For purposes of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges (a) earnings represent income (loss) before income taxes, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of accounting change and fixed charges, and (b) fixed charges consist of interest on all indebtedness, interest related to capital lease obligations, amortization of debt issuance costs and a portion of rental expense that is representative of the interest factor (deemed by us to be one-third). Earnings were sufficient to cover fixed charges for fiscal 2005 and 2003, and insufficient to cover fixed charges for fiscal 2004, 2002, and 2001 by $48.0 million, $85.3 million and $214.9 million, respectively. |
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(5) | Fiscal 2003 includes operating results of SBRG from the date of acquisition, March 1, 2002. |
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(6) | During fiscal 2003, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 142 (“SFAS 142”),Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, resulting in a transitional impairment charge of $175.8 million (or $3.02 per diluted common share). |
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(7) | Fiscal 2004 included a $34.1 million impairment charge to reduce the carrying value of La Salsa goodwill to $0. |
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(8) | We have restated our beginning accumulated deficit for fiscal 2001 to correct for our previous improper application of FASB Technical Bulletin 85-3,Accounting for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
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Selected Financial and Operating Data by Segment
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31,(1) | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003(4) | | | 2002 | | | 2001 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands, except restaurant counts and percentages) | |
Carl’s Jr. Restaurants | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurants open (at end of fiscal year): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated | | | 428 | | | | 426 | | | | 440 | | | | 443 | | | | 491 | |
| | Franchised and licensed | | | 586 | | | | 580 | | | | 547 | | | | 526 | | | | 486 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Total | | | 1,014 | | | | 1,006 | | | | 987 | | | | 969 | | | | 977 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant sales: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated restaurants | | $ | 567,960 | | | $ | 523,945 | | | $ | 507,526 | | | $ | 516,998 | | | $ | 604,927 | |
| | Franchised and licensed restaurants(2) | | | 679,734 | | | | 596,318 | | | | 567,048 | | | | 586,144 | | | | 432,387 | |
| Average unit volume per company-operated restaurant | | | 1,301 | | | | 1,187 | | | | 1,152 | | | | 1,135 | | | | 1,078 | |
| Percentage increase in comparable company-operated restaurant sales(3) | | | 7.7 | % | | | 2.9 | % | | | 0.7 | % | | | 2.9 | % | | | 1.8 | % |
| Company-operated restaurant-level margins | | | 21.1 | % | | | 20.2 | % | | | 20.8 | % | | | 19.3 | % | | | 18.7 | % |
Hardee’s Restaurants | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurants open (at end of fiscal year): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated | | | 677 | | | | 721 | | | | 730 | | | | 742 | | | | 923 | |
| | Franchised and licensed | | | 1,357 | | | | 1,400 | | | | 1,499 | | | | 1,648 | | | | 1,737 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Total | | | 2,034 | | | | 2,121 | | | | 2,229 | | | | 2,390 | | | | 2,660 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant sales: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated restaurants | | $ | 601,068 | | | $ | 575,238 | | | $ | 562,010 | | | $ | 614,291 | | | $ | 855,060 | |
| | Franchised and licensed restaurants(2) | | | 1,203,750 | | | | 1,186,490 | | | | 1,251,526 | | | | 1,390,072 | | | | 1,370,656 | |
| Average unit volume per company-operated restaurant | | | 862 | | | | 792 | | | | 763 | | | | 763 | | | | 715 | |
| Percentage increase (decrease) in comparable company-operated restaurant sales(3) | | | 7.0 | % | | | 2.5 | % | | | (2.2 | )% | | | 0.1 | % | | | (7.6 | )% |
| Company-operated restaurant-level margins | | | 14.3 | % | | | 9.3 | % | | | 10.5 | % | | | 9.1 | % | | | 7.1 | % |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31,(1) | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003(4) | | | 2002 | | | 2001 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands, except restaurant counts and percentages) | |
La Salsa Restaurants | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurants open (at end of fiscal year): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated | | | 62 | | | | 61 | | | | 57 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Franchised and licensed | | | 39 | | | | 41 | | | | 42 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Total | | | 101 | | | | 102 | | | | 99 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant sales: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Company-operated restaurants | | $ | 46,950 | | | $ | 42,310 | | | $ | 38,550 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Franchised and licensed restaurants(2) | | | 34,170 | | | | 28,176 | | | | 23,802 | | | | | | | | | |
| Average unit volume per company-operated restaurant | | | 748 | | | | 723 | | | | 751 | | | | | | | | | |
| Percentage increase (decrease) in comparable company-operated restaurant sales(3) | | | 5.2 | % | | | (1.3 | )% | | | 0.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated restaurant-level margins | | | 2.4 | % | | | 5.3 | % | | | 12.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
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(1) | Our fiscal year is 52 or 53 weeks, ending the last Monday in January. For clarity of presentation, all years are presented as if the fiscal year ended January 31. Fiscal 2005 includes 53 weeks. Fiscal 2004, 2003, 2002 and 2001 include 52 weeks. |
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(2) | Franchisee restaurant operations are not included in our Consolidated Financial Statements; however, franchisee sales result in royalties and some rental income, which are included in franchised and licensed revenues. |
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(3) | Includes only restaurants open throughout the full years being compared. |
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(4) | Fiscal 2003 includes operating results of La Salsa from the date of the SBRG acquisition, March 1, 2002. |
24
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Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and Selected Financial and Operating Data included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Overview
Highlights from fiscal 2005 include:
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| • | Consolidated revenue increased 7.5%, to $1,519,881. |
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| • | Through the end of fiscal 2005, Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s had achieved 20 consecutive accounting periods (more than 18 months) of same-store sales increases. |
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| • | Same-store sales increased 7.7% and 7.0% at company-operated Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s restaurants, respectively. |
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| • | Annual average unit volume increased 9.6%, to $1,301, for Carl’s Jr. company-operated restaurants and increased 8.8%, to $862, for Hardee’s company-operated restaurants. |
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| • | Same-store transactions increased 1.3% and 0.2% at company-operated Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s restaurants, respectively, representing the first such increase for either brand in the last eight years. |
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| • | Carl’s Jr. restaurant-level margin increased 90 basis points to 21.1% in fiscal 2005, as compared to 20.2% in fiscal 2004. |
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| • | Hardee’s restaurant-level margin increased 500 basis points to 14.3% in fiscal 2005, as compared to 9.3% in fiscal 2004. |
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| • | Net income grew to $18,016, or $0.30 per diluted share. This represents an increase of $71,236 over the prior year net loss of $53,220, or $0.92 per diluted share. The fiscal 2004 net loss included a $34,059 charge to fully impair the value of La Salsa goodwill. |
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| • | We amended and restated our credit facility on June 2, 2004, which enabled us to redeem our 9.125% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2009. Through the end of fiscal 2005, we have voluntarily prepaid $90,074 of the term loan portion of the credit facility. On November 4, 2004, we amended our credit facility, resulting in a 0.25% decrease to all borrowing rates. Together, these items have resulted in a savings of $6,491 in interest expense in fiscal 2005 over fiscal 2004. On April 21, 2005 (subsequent to the end of fiscal 2005), we amended our credit facility to permit us to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as we were and are permitted to repurchase shares of our common stock. This amendment to the Facility also resulted in a 0.50% decrease in the borrowing rate under our term loan, a 0.25% decrease in the borrowing rate on revolving loans and a 0.25% decrease in our letter of credit fee rate. |
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| • | We sold Timber Lodge Steakhouse to T-Lodge Acquisition Corp. for $6,954 in cash and $1,862 in secured notes on September 3, 2004. |
We are a nationwide owner, operator and franchisor of quick-service restaurants (“QSR’s”), operating principally under the Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s brand names. Based on United States system-wide sales, our Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. chains are the tenth and eleventh largest quick-service hamburger restaurant chains in the United States of America, respectively, according to the June 28, 2004 issue of Nation’s Restaurant News. As of January 31, 2005, the Carl’s Jr. system included 1,014 restaurants, of which we operated 428 restaurants and our franchisees and licensees operated 586 restaurants. Carl’s Jr. restaurants are located in the Western United States, predominantly in California. As of January 31, 2005, the Hardee’s system consisted of 2,034 restaurants, of which we operated 677 restaurants and our franchisees and licensees operated 1,357 restaurants. Hardee’s restaurants are located primarily throughout the Southeastern and Midwestern United States.
We derive our revenue primarily from sales at company-operated restaurants and revenue from franchisees, including franchise and royalty fees, sales to Carl’s Jr. franchisees and licensees of food and
25
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
packaging products, rentals under real property leases and revenue from the sale of equipment to our franchisees. Restaurant operating expenses consist primarily of food and packaging costs, payroll and other employee benefits and occupancy and other operating expenses of company-operated restaurants. Franchise operating costs include the cost of food and packaging products sold to Carl’s Jr. franchisees and licensees, lease payments or depreciation expense on properties leased or subleased to our franchisees, the cost of equipment sold to franchisees, and franchise administrative support. Our revenue and expenses are directly affected by the number and sales volume of company-operated restaurants and, to a lesser extent, franchised and licensed restaurants.
During periods in which we report positive same-store sales, those increases are achieved by our strategy that emphasizes premium products, as well as routine price increases prompted by increases in labor, food or other operating costs. The impact of this strategy is evidenced by the increase in average guest check and, in fiscal 2005 and 2004, the same-store sales growth at Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s, as shown in the tables on pages 36-40. A consequence of this strategy was a decrease in transaction counts in fiscal 2004 and 2003, also shown in the same tables, as some customers show a preference for lower priced fare. Many of our competitors’ strategies have been to offer lower prices or discounted fare, which we believe affect transaction counts. We experienced negative transaction counts at Hardee’s from our acquisition of the brand through fiscal 2004 and at Carl’s Jr. for the four years leading up to fiscal 2005, which we believe were due in part to increased competition from fast casual dining and other QSR companies offering products at discounted prices while we continued our focus on premium products. In addition, the QSR sector has been impacted by shifts in customer food preferences to fast-casual and other home meal replacement alternatives. We cannot quantify how much of our historical transaction count declines were related to our business segment generally and how much were related to circumstances specifically involving our own brands. In fiscal 2005, however, this trend reversed, with Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s both generating slight transaction count increases, which we believe reflect growing customer acceptance of our premium product strategy. Despite the decreases in most recent years, however, same-store sales have increased at company-operated Carl’s Jr. restaurants in each of the last five years and same-store sales have increased at company-operated Hardee’s restaurants during fiscal 2005 and 2004.
From time to time, we experience increases in our general operating costs. In the past, we have been successful at passing on such increases through price increases, but it has likely had an impact on transaction counts. If we were unable to pass along such price increases, and at the same time could not increase our transaction counts, the recoverability of the carrying value of our restaurants could be impacted.
Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements
In March 2005, we identified accounting errors that occurred in fiscal 2005 and prior fiscal years resulting from improper application of the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Technical Bulletin 85-3 (“FTB 85-3”),Accounting for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases.FTB 85-3 requires accounting for straight-line rent expense to commence at the time the lessee receives full access to the leased property. With respect to leased restaurant properties, we typically receive full access at the time we receive building permits (in the case of land-only leases) or upon having access to the leased building (in the case of land and building leases). Historically, we have commenced accounting for straight-line rent expense at the time we began making rent payments to the landlord, which is typically several months after receiving full access to the leased property.
Our improper application of FTB 85-3 resulted in an understatement in rent expense, net, through fiscal 2002 in the cumulative amount of $2,381. Such misapplication also resulted in an (over)/understatement of rent expense, net, of $64, $191 and $(2) in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. For the Consolidated Financial Statements presented herein, we have restated our accumulated deficit, prepaid expenses and other
26
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
long-term liabilities as of the end of fiscal 2002 to reflect the $2,381 cumulative understatement of rent expense, net, noted above. Because the impact of the error on fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003 was immaterial to the interim and annual periods within each of those fiscal years, we have recorded the entire impact on those fiscal years (a net charge of $253) in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
We did not amend our previously filed Annual Report on Form 10-K/ A for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004, or our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or 10-Q/ A for fiscal 2005, since none of the differences in the prior years’ interim or annual financial statements are considered by us to be material. However, we determined the cumulative adjustment for the above corrections to be significant to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 results and, therefore, restated the Consolidated Balance Sheet information included in prior 10-K/ A, 10-Q/ A and 10-Q filings. Accordingly, readers of the financial statements should read the restated information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as opposed to the previously filed information.
See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our reported results are impacted by the application of certain accounting policies that require us to make subjective or complex judgments. These judgments involve making estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may significantly impact our quarterly or annual results of operations and financial condition. Specific risks associated with these critical accounting policies are described in the following paragraphs.
For all of these policies, we caution that future events rarely develop exactly as expected, and the best estimates routinely require adjustment. Our most significant accounting policies require:
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| • | estimation of future cash flows used to assess the recoverability of long-lived assets, including goodwill, and to establish the estimated liability for closing restaurants and subsidizing lease payments of franchisees; |
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| • | estimation, using actuarially determined methods, of our self-insured claim losses under our workers’ compensation, general and auto liability insurance programs; |
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| • | determination of appropriate estimated liabilities for loss contingencies; |
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| • | determination of lease terms for purposes of establishing depreciable lives for leasehold improvements, evaluating leases for capital versus operating lease treatment and establishing straight-line rent expense periods; |
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| • | estimation of the appropriate allowances associated with franchise and license receivables and liabilities for franchise subleases; |
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| • | determination of the appropriate assumptions to use to estimate the fair value of stock-based compensation for purposes of disclosures of pro forma net income; and |
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| • | estimation of our net deferred income tax asset valuation allowance. |
Descriptions of these critical accounting policies follow.
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| Impairment of Property and Equipment and Other Amortizable Long-Lived Assets Held and Used, Held for Sale or To Be Disposed of Other Than By Sale |
We evaluate the carrying value of individual restaurants when the operating results have reasonably progressed to a point to adequately evaluate the probability of continuing operating losses or upon expectation that a restaurant will be sold or otherwise disposed of before the end of its previously estimated useful life. We
27
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
generally estimate the useful life of land and owned buildings to be 20 to 35 years and estimate the remaining useful life of restaurants subject to leases to range from the end of the lease term then in effect to the end of such lease term including all option periods. We then estimate the future estimated cash flows from operating the restaurant over its estimated useful life. In making these judgments, we consider the period of time since the restaurant was opened or remodeled, and the trend of operations and expectations for future sales growth. We also make judgments about future same-store sales and the operating expenses and estimated useful life that we would expect with such level of same-store sales and related estimated useful life. We employ a probability-weighted approach wherein we estimate the effectiveness of future sales and marketing efforts on same-store sales. If an estimate of the fair value of our assets becomes necessary, we typically base such estimate on forecasted cash flows discounted at the applicable restaurant concept’s weighted average cost of capital.
During the second and fourth quarter of each fiscal year, we perform an asset recoverability analysis through which we estimate future cash flows for each of our restaurants based upon experience gained, current intentions about refranchising restaurants and closures, expected sales trends, internal plans and other relevant information. As the operations of restaurants opened or remodeled in recent years progress to the point that their profitability and future prospects can adequately be evaluated, additional restaurants will become subject to review and to the possibility that impairments exist.
Same-store sales are the key indicator used to estimate future cash flow for evaluating recoverability. For each of our restaurant concepts, to evaluate recoverability of restaurant assets we estimate same-store sales will increase at an annual average rate of approximately 3.0% over the remaining useful life of the restaurant. The inflation rate assumed in making this calculation is 2.0%. If our same-store sales do not perform at or above our forecasted level, or cost inflation exceeds our forecast and we are unable to recover such costs through price increases, the carrying value of certain of our restaurants may prove to be unrecoverable and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.
Typically, restaurants are operated for three years before we test them for impairment. Also, restaurants typically are not tested for two years following a remodel. We believe this provides the restaurant sufficient time to establish its presence in the market and build a customer base. If we were to test all restaurants for impairment without regard to the amount of time the restaurants were operating, the total asset impairment would increase substantially. In addition, if recently opened or remodeled restaurants do not eventually establish stronger market presence and build a customer base, the carrying value of certain of these restaurants may prove to be unrecoverable and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.
As of January 31, 2005, we had a total of 151 restaurants among our three major restaurant concepts that generated negative cash flows in fiscal 2005. These restaurants had combined net book values of $32,803. Included within these totals are 39 restaurants with combined net book values of $11,865 that were not tested for impairment as of January 31, 2005, because they had not yet been operated for a sufficient period of time. If these negative cash flow restaurants were not to begin generating positive cash flows within a reasonable period of time, the carrying value of these restaurants may prove to be unrecoverable and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.
At the reporting unit level, goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually during the first quarter of our fiscal year, and on an interim basis if an event or circumstance indicates that it is more likely than not impairment may have occurred. We consider the reporting unit level to be the brand level since the components (e.g., restaurants) within each brand have similar economic characteristics, including products and services, production processes, types or classes of customers and distribution methods. The impairment, if any, is measured based on the estimated fair value of the brand. Fair value can be determined based on
28
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
discounted cash flows, comparable sales or valuations of other restaurant brands. Impairment occurs when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its estimated fair value.
The most significant assumptions we use in this analysis are those made in estimating future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, we use the assumptions in our strategic plan for items such as same-store sales, store count growth rates, and the discount rate we consider to be the market discount rate for acquisitions of restaurant companies and brands.
If our assumptions used in performing the impairment test prove inaccurate, the fair value of the brands may ultimately prove to be significantly lower, thereby causing the carrying value to exceed the fair value and indicating an impairment has occurred. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2005, we evaluated the Carl’s Jr. brand, the only one of brands for which we currently carry goodwill, through which we concluded that the fair value of the net assets of Carl’s Jr. exceeded the carrying value, and thus no impairment charge was required. As of January 31, 2005, we have $22,649 in goodwill recorded on the consolidated balance sheet, which relates to Carl’s Jr.
| |
| Estimated Liability for Closing Restaurants |
We make decisions to close restaurants based on prospects for estimated future profitability, and sometimes we are forced to close restaurants due to circumstances beyond our control (e.g., a landlord’s refusal to negotiate a new lease). Our restaurant operators evaluate each restaurant’s performance every quarter. When restaurants continue to perform poorly, we consider the demographics of the location, as well as the likelihood of being able to improve an unprofitable restaurant. Based on the operator’s judgment and a financial review, we estimate the future cash flows. If we determine that the restaurant will not, within a reasonable period of time, operate at break-even cash flow or be profitable, and we are not contractually obligated to continue operating the restaurant, we may close the restaurant.
The estimated liability for closing restaurants on properties vacated is generally based on the term of the lease and the lease termination fee we expect to pay, as well as estimated maintenance costs until the lease has been abated. The amount of the estimated liability established is generally the present value of these estimated future payments. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of these liabilities is based on our incremental borrowing rate at the time the liability is established. The related discount is amortized and shown in facility action charges, net, in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
A significant assumption used in determining the amount of the estimated liability for closing restaurants is the amount of the estimated liability for future lease payments on vacant restaurants, which we determine based on our broker’s (a related party) assessment of its ability to either successfully negotiate early terminations of our lease agreements with the lessors or sublease the property. Additionally, we estimate the cost to maintain leased and owned vacant properties until the lease has been abated or the owned property has been sold. If the costs to maintain properties increase, or it takes longer than anticipated to sell properties or sublease or terminate leases, we may need to record additional estimated liabilities. If the leases on the vacant restaurants are not terminated or subleased on the terms we used to estimate the liabilities, we may be required to record losses in future periods. Conversely, if the leases on the vacant restaurants are terminated or subleased on more favorable terms than we used to estimate the liabilities, we reverse previously established estimated liabilities, resulting in an increase in operating income. The present value of our operating lease payment obligations on all closed restaurants is approximately $10,474, which represents the discounted amount we would be required to pay if we are unable to enter into sublease agreements or terminate the leases prior to the terms required in the lease agreements. However, it is our experience that we can often terminate those leases for less than that amount, or sublease the property and, accordingly, we have recorded an estimated liability for operating lease obligations of $6,754 as of January 31, 2005.
29
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| |
| Estimated Liability for Self-Insurance |
We are self-insured for a portion of our current and prior years’ losses related to workers’ compensation, general and auto liability insurance programs. We have obtained stop loss insurance for individual workers’ compensation, general and auto liability claims over $500. Insurance accrued liabilities are accounted for based on the present value of actuarial estimates of the amount of incurred and unpaid losses, based approximately on a risk-free interest rate, which we estimate to be 4.5% as of January 31, 2005. These estimates rely on actuarial observations of historical claim loss development. The actuary, in determining the estimated liability, bases the assumptions on the average historical losses on claims we have incurred. The actual loss development may be better or worse than the development we estimated in conjunction with the actuary. In that event, we will modify the reserve. As such, if we experience a higher than expected number of claims or the costs of claims rise more than expected, then we may, in conjunction with the actuary, adjust the expected losses upward and our future self-insurance expenses will rise.
Within our semi-annual actuary reports, our actuary provides a range of estimated unpaid losses for each insurance category. Using these estimates, we record adjustments to our insurance accrued liabilities, if necessary, to bring each accrual balance within the actuary’s related range. If our accrued liability exceeds the high end of the range, we record a credit to reduce the insurance accrued liability to the high end of the range. If our accrued liability is below the low end of the range, we record a charge to increase the insurance accrued liability to the low end of the range. Then, based upon projected future self-insurance expenses and adjusted insurance accrual balances relative to the midpoint of the actuary’s range, we adjust our accrual rates for each insurance category prospectively to bring the respective accrued liabilities toward the midpoints of the actuary’s respective ranges.
We maintain accrued liabilities for contingencies related to litigation. We account for contingent obligations in accordance with SFAS 5,Accounting for Contingencies(“SFAS 5”), which requires that we assess each contingency to determine estimates of the degree of probability and range of possible settlement. Those contingencies that are deemed to be probable and where the amount of such settlement is reasonably estimable are accrued in our Consolidated Financial Statements. If only a range of loss can be determined, we accrue to the low end of the range. In accordance with SFAS 5, as of January 31, 2005, we have recorded an accrued liability for contingencies related to litigation in the amount of $4,335 (see Notes 11 and 25 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements herein for further information). The assessment of contingencies is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. Contingencies are reviewed at least quarterly to determine the adequacy of the accruals and related Consolidated Financial Statement disclosure. The ultimate settlement of contingencies may differ materially from amounts we have accrued in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In addition, as of January 31, 2005, we estimated the liability for those losses related to other litigation claims that we believe are reasonably possible to result in an adverse outcome, to be in the range of $235 to $470. In accordance with SFAS 5, we have not recorded a liability for those losses.
| |
| Accounting for Lease Obligations |
We lease a substantial portion of our restaurant properties. At the inception of the lease, each property is evaluated to determine whether the lease will be accounted for as an operating or capital lease. The lease accounting evaluation may require significant exercise of judgment in estimating the fair value and useful life of the leased property and to establish the appropriate lease term. The lease term used for this evaluation includes renewal option periods only in instances in which the exercise of the renewal option can be reasonably assured because failure to exercise such option would result in an economic penalty. Such economic penalty
30
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
would typically result from our having to abandon buildings and other non-detachable improvements upon vacating the property. The lease term used for this evaluation also provides the basis for establishing depreciable lives for buildings subject to lease and leasehold improvements, as well as the period over which we record straight-line rent expense.
In addition, the lease term is calculated from the date we take possession of the leased premises through the lease termination date. There is potential for variability in the “rent holiday” period, which begins on the possession date and typically ends upon restaurant opening. Factors that may affect the length of the rent holiday period generally include construction related delays. Extension of the rent holiday period due to such delays would result in greater rent expense recognized during the rent holiday period.
| |
| Franchised and Licensed Operations |
We monitor the financial condition of certain franchisees and record provisions for estimated losses on receivables when we believe that our franchisees are unable to make their required payments to us. Each quarter we perform an analysis to develop estimated bad debts for each franchisee. We then compare the aggregate result of that analysis to the amount recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements as the allowance for doubtful accounts and adjust the allowance as appropriate. Additionally, we cease accruing royalties and rental income from franchisees that are materially delinquent in paying or in default for other reasons and reverse any royalties and rent income accrued during the fiscal quarter in which such delinquency or default occurs. Over time our assessment of individual franchisees may change. For instance, we have had some franchisees, who in the past we had determined required an estimated loss equal to the total amount of the receivable, who have paid us in full or established a consistent record of payments (generally one year) such that we determined an allowance was no longer required.
Depending on the facts and circumstances, there are a number of different actions we and/or our franchisees may take to resolve franchise collections issues. These actions may include the purchase of franchise restaurants by us or by other franchisees, a modification to the franchise agreement which may include a provision to defer certain royalty payments or reduce royalty rates in the future (if royalty rates are not sufficient to cover our costs of service over the life of the franchise agreement, we record an estimated loss at the time we modify the agreements), a restructuring of the franchisee’s business and/or finances (including the restructuring of leases for which we are the primary obligee — see further discussion below) or, if necessary, the termination of the franchise agreement. The allowance established is based on our assessment of the most probable course of action that will occur.
Many of the restaurants that we sold to Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. franchisees as part of our refranchising program were on leased sites. Generally, we remain principally liable for the lease and have entered into a sublease with the franchisee on the same terms as the primary lease. In such cases, we account for the sublease payments received as franchising rental income and the lease payments we make as rental expense in franchised and licensed restaurants and other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of January 31, 2005, the present value of our total obligation on lease arrangements with Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. franchisees, including subsidized leases discussed further below, was $35,720 and $96,633, respectively. We do not expect Carl’s Jr. franchisees to experience the same level of financial difficulties as Hardee’s franchisees have encountered in the past, however, we can provide no assurance that this will not occur.
In addition to the sublease arrangements with franchisees described above, we also lease land and buildings to franchisees. As of January 31, 2005, the net book value of property under lease to Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. franchisees was $19,853 and $7,510, respectively. Financially troubled franchisees are those with whom we have entered into workout agreements and who may have liquidity problems in the future. In the event that a financially troubled franchisee closes a restaurant for which we own the property, our options are to operate the restaurant as a company-operated restaurant, lease the property to another tenant or sell the
31
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
property. These circumstances would cause us to consider whether the carrying value of the land and building was impaired. If we determined the property value was impaired, we would record a charge to operations for the amount the carrying value of the property exceeds its fair value. As of January 31, 2005, the net book value of property under lease to Hardee’s franchisees that are considered to be financially troubled franchisees was approximately $17,132 and is included in the amount above. During fiscal 2006 or thereafter, some of these franchisees may close restaurants and, accordingly, we may record an impairment loss in connection with some of these closures.
Prior to adoption of SFAS 146, the determination of when to establish an estimated liability for future lease obligations on restaurants operated by franchisees for which we are the primary obligee was based on the date that either of the following events occurred:
| |
| (1) we and the franchisee mutually decided to close a restaurant and we assumed the responsibility for the lease, usually after a franchise agreement was terminated or the franchisee declared bankruptcy; or |
|
| (2) we entered into a workout agreement with a financially troubled franchisee, wherein we agreed to make part or all of the lease payments for the franchisee. |
In accordance with SFAS 146, which we adopted on January 1, 2003, an estimated liability for future lease obligations on restaurants operated by franchisees for which we are the primary obligee is established on the date the franchisee closes the restaurant. Also, we record an estimated liability for subsidized lease payments when we sign a sublease agreement committing us to the subsidy. The liability includes an estimation related to the risk that certain lease payments from the franchisee may ultimately be uncollectible.
The amount of the estimated liability is established using the methodology described in “Estimated Liability for Closing Restaurants” above. Because losses are typically not probable and/or able to be reasonably estimated, we have not established an additional estimated liability for potential losses not yet incurred under a significant portion of our franchise sublease arrangements. The present value of the lease obligations for which we remain principally liable and have entered into subleases with financially troubled franchisees is approximately $23,904 (six financially troubled franchisees represent approximately 97.0% of this amount). If sales trends/economic conditions worsen for our franchisees, their financial health may worsen, our collection rates may decline and we may be required to assume the responsibility for additional lease payments on franchised restaurants. Entering into restructured franchise agreements may result in reduced franchise royalty rates in the future (see discussion above). The likelihood of needing to increase the estimated liability for future lease obligations is primarily related to the success of our Hardee’s concept (i.e., if our Hardee’s concept results improve from the execution of our comprehensive plan, we would reasonably expect that the financial performance of our franchisees would improve).
As discussed in Notes 1 and 22 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have various stock-based compensation plans that provide options for certain employees and non-employee directors to purchase shares of our common stock. We have elected to account for stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,which utilizes the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation, as opposed to using the fair-value method prescribed in SFAS 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation(“SFAS 123”). Because of this election, we are required to make certain disclosures of pro forma net income assuming we had adopted SFAS 123. We determine the estimated fair value of stock-based compensation on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the historical stock price volatility, expected life of the option and the risk-
32
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
free interest rate. A change in one or more of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model may result in a material change to the estimated fair value of the stock-based compensation (see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for analysis of the effect of certain changes in assumptions used to determine the fair value of stock-based compensation).
As discussed in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we will be required to adopt SFAS 123 (Revised 2004),Share-Based Payment, as of the beginning of fiscal 2007.
| |
| Valuation Allowance for Net Deferred Tax Asset |
As disclosed in Note 20 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we have recorded a 100% valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities that may offset our deferred tax assets for income tax accounting purposes. If our business turnaround is successful, we have been profitable for a number of years and our prospects for the realization of our deferred tax assets are more likely than not, we would then reverse our valuation allowance and credit income tax expense. In assessing the prospects for future profitability, many of the assessments of same-store sales and cash flows mentioned above become relevant. When circumstances warrant, we assess the likelihood that our net deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized from future taxable income. As of January 31, 2005, our net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance were approximately $188,471 and $190,179, respectively, resulting in a net deferred tax liability of $1,708, of which $221 is included in other current liabilities and $1,487 is included in other long-term liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Restaurant Portfolio Strategy
As described above, in late fiscal 2000 we embarked on a refranchising initiative to generate cash to reduce outstanding borrowings on our senior credit facility, as well as increase the number of franchise-operated restaurants. Additionally, as sales trends for the Hardee’s restaurants and certain Carl’s Jr. restaurants (primarily in the Oklahoma area) continued to decline in fiscal 2000 through fiscal 2001, we determined that it was necessary to close certain restaurants for which a return to profitability was not likely. These activities resulted in the charges reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements as facility action charges. During fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, we recorded facility action charges of $14,320, $17,776, and $5,194, respectively, which were primarily non-cash in nature. We have made reductions to operating expenses in an effort to bring them to levels commensurate with our re-balanced restaurant portfolio.
The asset sales arising from our facility actions have resulted in a decline in restaurant revenue and costs over the long term because we operate fewer restaurants; however, our more stable restaurant portfolio and growing same-store sales at Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s in fiscal 2004 and 2005 have resulted in an increase in restaurant revenues and costs during these two fiscal years.
Business Strategy
We remain focused on pursuing vigorously a comprehensive business strategy. The main components of our strategy are as follows:
| | |
| • | remain focused on restaurant fundamentals — quality, service and cleanliness; |
|
| • | offer premium products that compete on quality and taste — not price; |
|
| • | build on the strength of the Carl’s Jr. brand, including dual-branding opportunities with Green Burrito; |
|
| • | continue to execute and refine the Hardee’s turnaround program; |
|
| • | control costs while increasing revenues; |
33
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | |
| • | leverage our infrastructure and marketing presence to build out existing core markets; and |
|
| • | strengthen our franchise system and pursue further franchising opportunities. |
We believe key factors in operating Hardee’s profitably are increasing sales and continued efforts to build upon the early success of the turnaround program. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, the AUV at our company-operated Hardee’s restaurants was approximately $862, while the AUV at franchise-operated restaurants was $891, representing a second consecutive year of growth in these sales performance measures. If we are unable to grow sales at Hardee’s to the level at which we estimate the brand would operate profitably and improve operating margins, it will affect our ability to access both the amount and terms of financing available to us in the future (see Liquidity and Capital Resources section below).
Franchisees’ Operations
Like others in the quick-service restaurant industry, some of our franchisees experience financial difficulties from time to time with respect to their operations. Our approach to dealing with financial and operational issues that arise from these situations is described under Critical Accounting Policies above, under the heading “Franchised and Licensed Operations.” Some franchisees in the Hardee’s system have experienced significant financial problems and, as discussed above, there are a number of potential resolutions of these financial issues.
We continue to work with franchisees in an attempt to maximize our future franchising income. Our franchising income is dependent on both the number of restaurants operated by franchisees and their operational and financial success, such that they can make their royalty and lease payments to us. Although we quarterly review the allowance for doubtful accounts and the estimated liability for closed franchise restaurants (see discussion under Critical Accounting Policies — Franchised and Licensed Operations), there can be no assurance that the number of franchisees or franchised restaurants experiencing financial difficulties will not increase from our current assessments, nor can there be any assurance that we will be successful in resolving financial issues relating to any specific franchisee. As of January 31, 2005, our consolidated allowance for doubtful accounts of notes receivable was 62.8% of the gross balance of notes receivable and our consolidated allowance for doubtful accounts on accounts receivable was 3.7% of the gross balance of accounts receivable. During fiscal year 2004 and, to a lesser extent, in fiscal 2005, we established several notes receivable pursuant to completing workout agreements with several troubled franchisees. Also, as of January 31, 2005, we have not recognized $5,790 in accounts receivable and $6,818 in notes receivable, nor the royalty and rent revenue associated with these accounts and notes receivable, due from franchisees that are in default under the terms of their franchise agreements. We still experience specific problems with troubled franchisees (see Critical Accounting Policies — Franchise and Licensed Operations) and may be required to increase the amount of our allowances for doubtful accounts and/or increase the amount of our estimated liability for future lease obligations. The result of increasing the allowance for doubtful accounts is an effective royalty rate lower than our standard contractual royalty rate.
Effective royalty rate reflects royalties deemed collectible as a percent of franchise generated revenue for all franchisees for which we are recognizing revenue. For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, the effective royalty rates for domestic Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s were 3.8% and 3.7%, respectively.
34
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Operating Review
The following table sets forth the percentage relationship to total revenue, unless otherwise indicated, of certain items included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years indicated:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31, | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated restaurants | | | 80.1 | % | | | 80.9 | % | | | 81.4 | % |
| Franchised and licensed restaurants and other | | | 19.9 | | | | 19.1 | | | | 18.6 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | | 100.0 | | | | 100.0 | | | | 100.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant operations(1): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Food and packaging | | | 29.6 | | | | 29.8 | | | | 28.9 | |
| | Payroll and other employee benefits | | | 31.0 | | | | 32.4 | | | | 32.3 | |
| | Occupancy and other | | | 22.5 | | | | 23.6 | | | | 23.6 | |
| Franchised and licensed restaurants and other(2) | | | 75.2 | | | | 77.7 | | | | 76.8 | |
| Advertising(1) | | | 5.9 | | | | 6.2 | | | | 6.5 | |
| General and administrative | | | 9.1 | | | | 7.6 | | | | 8.4 | |
| Facility action charges, net | | | 0.9 | | | | 1.3 | | | | 0.4 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | 2.4 | | | | — | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 3.7 | | | | (0.6 | ) | | | 2.6 | |
Interest expense | | | (2.4 | ) | | | (2.8 | ) | | | (2.9 | ) |
Other income (expense), net | | | (0.2 | ) | | | — | | | | 1.2 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | 1.1 | | | | (3.4 | ) | | | 0.9 | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | 0.1 | | | | (0.2 | ) | | | 0.5 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | 1.2 | % | | | (3.6 | )% | | | 1.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |
(1) | As a percentage of revenue from company-operated restaurants. |
|
(2) | As a percentage of revenue from franchised and licensed restaurants and other. |
35
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
The following tables are presented to facilitate Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and are classified in the same way as we present segment information (see Note 21 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal 2005 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other(A) | | | Eliminations(B) | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated revenue | | $ | 567,960 | | | $ | 601,068 | | | $ | 46,950 | | | $ | 1,295 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,217,273 | |
Company-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,301 | | | | 862 | | | | 748 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,146 | | | | 891 | | | | 823 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Average check | | | 5.89 | | | | 4.63 | | | | 9.65 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store sales increase | | | 7.7 | % | | | 7.0 | % | | | 5.2 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store transaction increase | | | 1.3 | % | | | 0.2 | % | | | 1.0 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated same-store sales increase | | | 6.6 | % | | | 3.6 | % | | | 3.7 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs as a % of company- operated revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Food and packaging | | | 29.3 | % | | | 30.0 | % | | | 27.4 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Payroll and employee benefits | | | 28.2 | % | | | 33.3 | % | | | 34.6 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Occupancy and other operating costs | | | 21.4 | % | | | 22.4 | % | | | 35.6 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant-level margin | | | 21.1 | % | | | 14.3 | % | | | 2.4 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Advertising as a percentage of company-operated revenue | | | 6.1 | % | | | 6.0 | % | | | 2.9 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | | | 25,426 | | | | 43,414 | | | | 1,732 | | | | 351 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 70,857 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 176,304 | | | | 18,181 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 194,485 | |
| Rent | | | 22,172 | | | | 9,985 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 32,157 | |
| Retail sales of variable interest entity | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 3,506 | | | | — | | | | 3,506 | |
| Other | | | 967 | | | | 524 | | | | 112 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,603 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising revenue | | | 224,869 | | | | 72,104 | | | | 1,844 | | | | 3,857 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 302,608 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Administrative expense (including provision for bad debts) | | | 4,006 | | | | 4,758 | | | | 1,111 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9,875 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 171,363 | | | | 18,379 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 189,742 | |
| Rent and other occupancy | | | 18,040 | | | | 6,540 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 24,580 | |
| Operating costs of variable interest entity | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 3,457 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 3,391 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising expense | | | 193,409 | | | | 29,677 | | | | 1,111 | | | | 3,457 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 227,588 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net franchising income | | | 31,460 | | | | 42,427 | | | | 733 | | | | 400 | | | | — | | | | 75,020 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 2,794 | | | | 7,088 | | | | 4,344 | | | | 94 | | | | — | | | | 14,320 | |
Operating income (loss) | | $ | 61,658 | | | $ | 5,291 | | | $ | (10,269 | ) | | $ | 100 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 56,780 | |
36
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal 2004 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other(A) | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated revenue | | $ | 523,945 | | | $ | 575,238 | | | $ | 42,310 | | | $ | 1,436 | | | $ | 1,142,929 | |
Company-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,187 | | | | 792 | | | | 723 | | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,074 | | | | 845 | | | | 711 | | | | | | | | | |
Average check | | | 5.53 | | | | 4.34 | | | | 9.20 | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store sales increase (decrease) | | | 2.9 | % | | | 2.5 | % | | | (1.3 | )% | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store transaction decrease | | | (1.7 | )% | | | (6.1 | )% | | | (4.9 | )% | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated same-store sales increase | | | 0.6 | % | | | 1.2 | % | | | 1.7 | % | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs as a % of company-operated revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Food and packaging | | | 28.8 | % | | | 31.0 | % | | | 26.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Payroll and employee benefits | | | 29.1 | % | | | 35.4 | % | | | 32.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Occupancy and other operating costs | | | 21.9 | % | | | 24.3 | % | | | 35.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant-level margin | | | 20.2 | % | | | 9.3 | % | | | 5.3 | % | | | | | | | | |
Advertising as a percentage of company-operated revenue | | | 6.5 | % | | | 6.2 | % | | | 2.9 | % | | | | | | | | |
Franchising revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | | | 21,794 | | | | 38,348 | | | | 1,623 | | | | 302 | | | | 62,067 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 155,945 | | | | 20,693 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 176,638 | |
| Rent | | | 22,059 | | | | 7,988 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 30,047 | |
| Other | | | 1,312 | | | | 427 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising revenue | | | 201,110 | | | | 67,456 | | | | 1,623 | | | | 302 | | | | 270,491 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Administrative expense (including provision for bad debts) | | | 3,720 | | | | 5,917 | | | | 731 | | | | — | | | | 10,368 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 152,285 | | | | 20,336 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 172,621 | |
| Rent and other occupancy | | | 20,181 | | | | 7,067 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 27,248 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising expense | | | 176,186 | | | | 33,320 | | | | 731 | | | | — | | | | 210,237 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net franchising income | | | 24,924 | | | | 34,136 | | | | 892 | | | | 302 | | | | 60,254 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 2,192 | | | | 15,693 | | | | 564 | | | | (673 | ) | | | 17,776 | |
Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | |
Operating income (loss) | | $ | 55,109 | | | $ | (26,336 | ) | | $ | (37,304 | ) | | $ | 263 | | | $ | (8,268 | ) |
37
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal 2003 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other(A) | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated revenue | | $ | 507,526 | | | $ | 562,010 | | | $ | 38,550 | | | $ | 1,560 | | | $ | 1,109,646 | |
Company-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,152 | | | | 763 | | | | 751 | | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated average unit volume (trailing-13 periods) | | | 1,055 | | | | 812 | | | | 751 | | | | | | | | | |
Average check | | | 5.26 | | | | 3.98 | | | | 8.80 | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store sales increase (decrease) | | | 0.7 | % | | | (2.2 | )% | | | 0.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store transaction increase (decrease) | | | (3.4 | )% | | | (7.4 | )% | | | 0.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated same-store sales increase (decrease) | | | 0.2 | % | | | (2.6 | )% | | | 0.9 | % | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs as a % of company-operated revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Food and packaging | | | 27.9 | % | | | 29.9 | % | | | 26.9 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Payroll and employee benefits | | | 28.9 | % | | | 35.5 | % | | | 32.4 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Occupancy and other operating costs | | | 22.4 | % | | | 24.1 | % | | | 28.6 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant-level margin | | | 20.8 | % | | | 10.5 | % | | | 12.1 | % | | | | | | | | |
Advertising as a percentage of company-operated revenue | | | 6.9 | % | | | 6.5 | % | | | 3.3 | % | | | | | | | | |
Franchising revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | | | 21,071 | | | | 37,355 | | | | 1,409 | | | | 365 | | | | 60,200 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 145,055 | | | | 18,155 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 163,210 | |
| Rent | | | 19,391 | | | | 9,696 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 29,087 | |
| Other | | | 649 | | | | 569 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,218 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising revenue | | | 186,166 | | | | 65,775 | | | | 1,409 | | | | 365 | | | | 253,715 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Administrative expense (including provision for bad debts) | | | 2,880 | | | | 5,358 | | | | 411 | | | | — | | | | 8,649 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 141,429 | | | | 18,310 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 159,739 | |
| Rent and other occupancy | | | 17,569 | | | | 8,830 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 26,399 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising expense | | | 161,878 | | | | 32,498 | | | | 411 | | | | — | | | | 194,787 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net franchising income | | | 24,288 | | | | 33,277 | | | | 998 | | | | 365 | | | | 58,928 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 1,267 | | | | 3,927 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,194 | |
Operating income (loss) | | $ | 52,577 | | | $ | (16,361 | ) | | $ | (397 | ) | | $ | (202 | ) | | $ | 35,617 | |
38
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2005 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other(A) | | | Eliminations(B) | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated revenue | | $ | 138,821 | | | $ | 139,213 | | | $ | 10,688 | | | $ | 260 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 288,982 | |
Average check | | | 6.03 | | | | 4.71 | | | | 9.77 | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store sales increase | | | 4.9 | % | | | 4.4 | % | | | 4.3 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store transaction increase (decrease) | | | (0.4 | )% | | | 0.8 | % | | | (1.2 | )% | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated same-store sales increase (decrease) | | | 3.7 | % | | | (1.1 | )% | | | 3.8 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs as a % of company- operated revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Food and packaging | | | 29.5 | % | | | 30.3 | % | | | 28.1 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Payroll and employee benefits | | | 28.0 | % | | | 34.3 | % | | | 34.3 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Occupancy and other operating costs | | | 21.5 | % | | | 23.6 | % | | | 38.8 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant-level margin | | | 21.0 | % | | | 11.8 | % | | | (1.2 | )% | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Advertising as a percentage of company-operated revenue | | | 5.0 | % | | | 6.1 | % | | | 3.0 | % | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | | | 6,277 | | | | 9,032 | | | | 387 | | | | 96 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 15,726 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 42,948 | | | | 5,132 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 48,080 | |
| Rent | | | 5,288 | | | | 2,549 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 7,837 | |
| Retail sales of variable interest entity | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 943 | | | | — | | | | 943 | |
| Other | | | 180 | | | | 142 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 322 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising revenue | | | 54,693 | | | | 16,855 | | | | 387 | | | | 1,039 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 72,908 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Administrative expense (including provision for bad debts) | | | 966 | | | | 1,491 | | | | 266 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,723 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 41,661 | | | | 5,244 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 46,905 | |
| Rent and other occupancy | | | 4,189 | | | | 1,354 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,543 | |
| Operating costs of variable interest entity | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 951 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 885 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising expense | | | 46,816 | | | | 8,089 | | | | 266 | | | | 951 | | | | (66 | ) | | | 56,056 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net franchising income | | | 7,877 | | | | 8,766 | | | | 121 | | | | 88 | | | | — | | | | 16,852 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 1,344 | | | | 1,292 | | | | 1,937 | | | | 2 | | | | — | | | | 4,575 | |
Operating income (loss) | | $ | 17,757 | | | $ | (4,723 | ) | | $ | (4,322 | ) | | $ | (15 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | 8,697 | |
39
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2004 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other(A) | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated revenue | | $ | 122,944 | | | $ | 129,070 | | | $ | 9,348 | | | $ | 330 | | | $ | 261,692 | |
Average check | | | 5.74 | | | | 4.55 | | | | 9.10 | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store sales increase | | | 5.3 | % | | | 9.2 | % | | | 2.0 | % | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated same-store transaction decrease | | | (2.4 | )% | | | (2.1 | )% | | | (2.1 | )% | | | | | | | | |
Franchise-operated same-store sales increase | | | 3.4 | % | | | 6.3 | % | | | 2.6 | % | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs as a % of company-operated revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Food and packaging | | | 29.7 | % | | | 30.2 | % | | | 27.7 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Payroll and employee benefits | | | 30.0 | % | | | 35.6 | % | | | 36.6 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Occupancy and other operating costs | | | 20.3 | % | | | 25.8 | % | | | 43.0 | % | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant-level margin | | | 20.0 | % | | | 8.4 | % | | | (7.3 | )% | | | | | | | | |
Advertising as a percentage of company-operated revenue | | | 7.0 | % | | | 6.2 | % | | | 2.8 | % | | | | | | | | |
Franchising revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | | | 5,093 | | | | 9,411 | | | | 428 | | | | 58 | | | | 14,990 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 37,165 | | | | 3,167 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 40,332 | |
| Rent | | | 5,446 | | | | 2,121 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 7,567 | |
| Other | | | 660 | | | | 138 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 798 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising revenue | | | 48,364 | | | | 14,837 | | | | 428 | | | | 58 | | | | 63,687 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Franchising expense: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Administrative expense (including provision for bad debts) | | | 835 | | | | 1,311 | | | | 157 | | | | — | | | | 2,303 | |
| Distribution centers | | | 36,258 | | | | 3,052 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 39,310 | |
| Rent and other occupancy | | | 5,002 | | | | 1,596 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 6,598 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total franchising expense | | | 42,095 | | | | 5,959 | | | | 157 | | | | — | | | | 48,211 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net franchising income | | | 6,269 | | | | 8,878 | | | | 271 | | | | 58 | | | | 15,476 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 2,852 | | | | 12,274 | | | | 370 | | | | — | | | | 15,496 | |
Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | |
Operating income (loss) | | $ | 9,737 | | | $ | (15,158 | ) | | $ | (36,179 | ) | | $ | (38 | ) | | $ | (41,638 | ) |
| | |
(A) | | “Other” consists of Green Burrito in fiscal 2005 and 2004. Additionally, amounts that we do not believe would be proper to allocate to the operating segments are included in “Other.” |
|
(B) | | “Eliminations” consists of the elimination of royalty revenues and expenses generated between Hardee’s and a variable interest entity franchisee included in our Consolidated Financial Statements. |
40
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Presentation of Non-GAAP Measurements
EBITDA is a typical non-GAAP measurement for companies that issue public debt and a measure used by the lenders under our bank credit facility. We believe EBITDA is useful to our investors as an indicator of earnings available to service debt. EBITDA is not a recognized term under GAAP and does not purport to be an alternative to income from operations, an indicator of cash flow from operations or a measure of liquidity. As shown in the table below, we calculate EBITDA as earnings before cumulative effect of accounting changes, discontinued operations, interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, facility action charges, impairment of goodwill and impairment of assets held for sale. Because not all companies calculate EBITDA identically, this presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Additionally, we believe EBITDA is a more meaningful indicator of earnings available to service debt when certain charges, such as impairment of goodwill and facility action charges, are excluded from income (loss) from continuing operations. EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow for management’s discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as interest expense, income taxes, debt service payments and cash costs arising from facility actions.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 58,490 | | | $ | (32,750 | ) | | $ | (10,314 | ) | | $ | 2,590 | | | $ | 18,016 | |
Discontinued operations, excluding impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (252 | ) | | | (252 | ) |
Interest expense | | | 5,071 | | | | 31,510 | | | | (27 | ) | | | 194 | | | | 36,748 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 498 | | | | 73 | | | | 2 | | | | (2,165 | ) | | | (1,592 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 23,875 | | | | 38,782 | | | | 3,965 | | | | 171 | | | | 66,793 | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 2,794 | | | | 7,088 | | | | 4,344 | | | | 94 | | | | 14,320 | |
Premium on early redemption of Senior Notes | | | — | | | | 9,126 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9,126 | |
Impairment of Timber Lodge | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 898 | | | | 898 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA | | $ | 90,728 | | | $ | 53,829 | | | $ | (2,030 | ) | | $ | 1,530 | | | $ | 144,057 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 49,319 | | | $ | (62,286 | ) | | $ | (37,253 | ) | | $ | (3,000 | ) | | $ | (53,220 | ) |
Discontinued operations, excluding impairment | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (89 | ) | | | (89 | ) |
Interest expense | | | 6,263 | | | | 33,787 | | | | (81 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | 39,962 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | 721 | | | | (19 | ) | | | — | | | | 1,715 | | | | 2,417 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 26,777 | | | | 41,156 | | | | 3,734 | | | | 407 | | | | 72,074 | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 2,192 | | | | 15,693 | | | | 564 | | | | (673 | ) | | | 17,776 | |
Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | |
Impairment of Timber Lodge | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,879 | | | | 2,879 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA | | $ | 85,272 | | | $ | 28,331 | | | $ | 1,023 | | | $ | 1,232 | | | $ | 115,858 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
41
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2003 | |
| | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 50,731 | | | $ | (215,821 | ) | | $ | (429 | ) | | $ | 8,900 | | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | — | | | | 175,780 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 175,780 | |
Discontinued operations | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 53 | | | | 53 | |
Interest expense | | | 6,219 | | | | 33,657 | | | | 32 | | | | 16 | | | | 39,924 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | (1,597 | ) | | | (5,702 | ) | | | — | | | | 206 | | | | (7,093 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 28,335 | | | | 36,871 | | | | 3,083 | | | | — | | | | 68,289 | |
Facility action charges, net | | | 1,267 | | | | 3,927 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 5,194 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA | | $ | 84,955 | | | $ | 28,712 | | | $ | 2,686 | | | $ | 9,175 | | | $ | 125,528 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The following table reconciles EBITDA (a non-GAAP measurement) to cash flow provided by operating activities (a GAAP measurement):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash flow provided by operating activities | | $ | 111,509 | | | $ | 74,165 | | | $ | 56,128 | |
Interest expense | | | 36,748 | | | | 39,962 | | | | 39,924 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | (1,592 | ) | | | 2,417 | | | | (7,093 | ) |
Premium on early redemption of Senior Notes | | | 9,126 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Amortization of loan fees | | | (3,637 | ) | | | (4,451 | ) | | | (4,238 | ) |
(Provision for) recovery of losses on accounts and notes receivable | | | 1,940 | | | | (2,260 | ) | | | 1,198 | |
Gain (loss) on investments, sale of property and equipment, capital leases and extinguishment of debt | | | (9,676 | ) | | | (3,598 | ) | | | 10,560 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (295 | ) | | | (574 | ) | | | (839 | ) |
Other non-cash items | | | (450 | ) | | | 284 | | | | (13 | ) |
Change in estimated liability for closing restaurants and estimated liability for self-insurance | | | 4,877 | | | | 10,304 | | | | 16,678 | |
Net change in refundable income taxes | | | 3,366 | | | | (643 | ) | | | (3,262 | ) |
Net change in receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (1,058 | ) | | | (3,542 | ) | | | 11,138 | |
Net change in accounts payable and other current liabilities | | | (7,058 | ) | | | 3,550 | | | | 2,243 | |
EBITDA from discontinued operations | | | 262 | | | | 108 | | | | 35 | |
Net cash provided to discontinued operations | | | 257 | | | | 244 | | | | 3,104 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA, including discontinued operations | | | 144,319 | | | | 115,966 | | | | 125,563 | |
Less: EBITDA from discontinued operations | | | (262 | ) | | | (108 | ) | | | (35 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
EBITDA | | $ | 144,057 | | | $ | 115,858 | | | $ | 125,528 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
42
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Fiscal 2005 Compared with Fiscal 2004 and Fiscal 2004 Compared with Fiscal 2003
During fiscal 2005, we opened seven and closed five company-operated restaurants; Carl’s Jr. franchisees and licensees opened 23 restaurants and closed 17 restaurants. As of January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Carl’s Jr. system consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Restaurant Portfolio | | | Fiscal Year Revenue | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | | | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | Change | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | Change | | | Change | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company | | | 428 | | | | 426 | | | | 440 | | | | 2 | | | | (14 | ) | | $ | 567,960 | | | $ | 523,945 | | | $ | 507,526 | | | $ | 44,015 | | | $ | 16,419 | |
Franchised and licensed(a) | | | 586 | | | | 580 | | | | 547 | | | | 6 | | | | 33 | | | | 224,869 | | | | 201,110 | | | | 186,166 | | | | 23,759 | | | | 14,944 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 1,014 | | | | 1,006 | | | | 987 | | | | 8 | | | | 19 | | | $ | 792,829 | | | $ | 725,055 | | | $ | 693,692 | | | $ | 67,774 | | | $ | 31,363 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
(a) | Includes $176,304, $155,945, and $145,055 of revenues from distribution of food, packaging and supplies to franchised and licensed restaurants in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. |
| |
| Company-Operated Restaurants |
Revenue from company-operated restaurants increased $44,015, or 8.4%, to $567,960 during fiscal 2005 as compared to fiscal 2004. This increase resulted primarily from a 7.7% increase in same-store sales that resulted from increases in both average guest check and transaction counts. We believe the launch of several new products during the current fiscal year, including The Low Carb Six Dollar Burgertm, the Low Carb Breakfast Bowltm, the Loaded Breakfast Burritotm, the Breakfast Burgertm, the Low Carb Charbroiled Chicken Clubtm and two new entrée salads, as well as conversion to 100 percent Angus beef in The Six Dollar Burgertm product line, contributed to the growth in same-store sales. This increase is also due, to a much lesser extent, to the inclusion of a 53rd week in fiscal 2005, and is partially offset by the impact of selling 15 company-operated restaurants located in Arizona to a franchisee in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004.
Revenue from company-operated Carl’s Jr. restaurants increased $16,419, or 3.2%, to $523,945 during fiscal 2004 as compared to fiscal 2003. This increase resulted primarily from a 2.9% increase in same-store sales driven by price increases and increases in the average customer check, partially offset by a 1.7% decrease in transaction counts.
43
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
The changes in the restaurant-level margin percentage are explained as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the prior year | | | 20.2 | % | | | 20.8 | % |
| Decrease in labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation | | | 0.7 | | | | 0.1 | |
| Increase in food and packaging costs | | | (0.5 | ) | | | (0.9 | ) |
| (Increase) decrease in workers’ compensation expense | | | 0.2 | | | | (0.3 | ) |
| Decrease in repair and maintenance expense | | | 0.2 | | | | 0.1 | |
| Increase in cost of promotional items | | | (0.2 | ) | | | — | |
| Decrease in rent expense, property taxes and licenses | | | 0.1 | | | | — | |
| Decrease in depreciation expense | | | 0.1 | | | | 0.3 | |
| Decrease in equipment lease expense | | | 0.1 | | | | 0.3 | |
| Increase in general liability insurance expense | | | (0.1 | ) | | | (0.2 | ) |
| Other, net | | | 0.3 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the current year | | | 21.1 | % | | | 20.2 | % |
| | | | | | |
Labor costs excluding workers’ compensation decreased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004 as a percent of sales mainly due to the sales leverage benefit from increased same-store sales. Labor costs excluding workers’ compensation decreased slightly as a percent of sales in fiscal 2004 as compared to fiscal 2003 due to the benefits of sales leverage on staffing costs being offset by increased restaurant general manager bonuses.
Food and packaging costs increased as a percent of sales in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, and in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, primarily due to increases in the cost of beef and other commodities, such as bacon, cheese and tomatoes.
Workers’ compensation expense decreased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, mostly due to actuarially estimated reductions in claims reserves. Workers’ compensation expense increased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 due to higher claims costs, driven mainly by California Assembly Bill No. 749, which was signed into law during fiscal 2003. To a much lesser extent, workers’ compensation costs were also negatively affected in fiscal 2004 by a reduction in the discount rate applied to arrive at our claims reserves, which we maintain at present value. The discount rate reduction was due to prolonged changes in the interest rate environment.
Rent expense as a percent of sales decreased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, primarily due to sales leverage benefits, partially offset by of the designation of certain leases as capital leases during the third fiscal quarter of fiscal 2004, resulting in an adjustment to reduce rent expense at that time.
Depreciation and repair and maintenance expense, as percents of sales, decreased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, and in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, primarily due to sales leverage.
Promotional items costs as a percent of sales increased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, due to a promotional items sales increase from a current year bobblehead promotion featuring members of the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (“NBA”), which was broader than a similar promotion featuring members of the NBA’s Sacramento Kings in the prior year.
Equipment lease expense decreased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, due mainly to expiration of several point-of-sale equipment leases, at which time we acquired the equipment at its fair market value.
General liability insurance expense increased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, due mainly to a $2,200 credit recorded during fiscal 2003 as compared to an approximate $500 credit recorded during fiscal 2004. Such
44
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
credits are based on actuarial analyses of our claims reserves and reflect dispositions of general liability claims more favorable than previously anticipated.
| |
| Franchised and Licensed Restaurants |
Revenues from franchised and licensed restaurants increased by $23,759, or 11.8%, to $224,869 in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, due mainly to an increase of $20,359, or 13.1%, in sales of food, paper and supplies to franchisees, resulting from the increase in the franchise store base over the comparable prior year period, overall commodity cost increases passed through to franchisees and the food purchasing volume impact of the 6.6% increase in franchise same-store sales. Franchise royalties grew $3,632, or 16.7%, in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004 for similar reasons.
Franchised and licensed restaurant revenues increased $14,944, or 8.0%, to $201,110 during fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003. The increase is due mainly to a $10,890, or 7.5%, increase in food, paper and supplies distribution revenues as a result of the increase in the number of franchised stores, price increases resulting from pass-through of higher costs of beef and other commodities, and the increase in franchise restaurant same-store sales. Franchise royalties also grew $723, or 3.4%, in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 as a result of the growth in franchised restaurants store count and same-store sales. Franchise revenues also benefited from higher sublease revenues from franchisees.
Net franchising income increased $6,536, or 26.2%, during fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004 primarily due to increased profits from subleasing facilities to franchisees. Net franchising income increased $636, or 2.6%, during fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, primarily due to the increase in royalty revenues and increased franchise fees received during fiscal 2004, as franchisees acquired 13 more restaurants from us and opened two more restaurants in fiscal 2004 as compared to fiscal 2003, partially offset by an increase in franchise administrative expenses due mainly to an increase in provision for bad debts.
Although not required to do so, approximately 89.2% of Carl’s Jr. franchised and licensed restaurants purchase food, paper and other supplies from us.
During fiscal 2005, we opened two and closed 46 company-operated restaurants; Hardee’s franchisees and licensees opened 20 new restaurants and closed 63 restaurants. As of January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Hardee’s system consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Restaurant Portfolio | | | Fiscal Year Revenue | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | | | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | Change | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | Change | | | Change | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company | | | 677 | | | | 721 | | | | 730 | | | | (44 | ) | | | (9 | ) | | $ | 601,068 | | | $ | 575,238 | | | $ | 562,010 | | | $ | 25,830 | | | $ | 13,228 | |
Franchised and licensed | | | 1,357 | | | | 1,400 | | | | 1,499 | | | | (43 | ) | | | (99 | ) | | | 72,104 | | | | 67,456 | | | | 65,775 | | | | 4,648 | | | | 1,681 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 2,034 | | | | 2,121 | | | | 2,229 | | | | (87 | ) | | | (108 | ) | | $ | 673,172 | | | $ | 642,694 | | | $ | 627,785 | | | $ | 30,478 | | | $ | 14,909 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| Company-Operated Restaurants |
Revenue from company-operated restaurants increased $25,830, or 4.5%, to $601,068 in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, primarily due to a 7.0% increase in same-store sales that we believe reflects positive consumer reception of the Hardee’s Revolution menu. We believe the launch of several new products during the current fiscal year, including the new Monster Thickburgertm that features two-thirds of a pound of 100% Angus beef, the new Western Bacon Thickburgertm, the Low Carb Thickburgertm, the Low Carb Breakfast Bowltm and the Loaded Biscuit and Gravy Breakfast Bowltm, have contributed to the growth in same-store sales. A 4.0% price
45
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
increase implemented at the beginning of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 to address cost pressures, particularly the cost of beef, may have also contributed to our same-store sales growth. Same-store sales growth began to lessen during the second half of fiscal 2005 as we began comparing to stronger sales numbers in the second half of fiscal 2004 that were already beginning to show benefit from the Hardee’s Revolution.
Revenue from company-operated Hardee’s restaurants increased $13,228, or 2.4%, to $575,238 in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, primarily due to a 2.5% increase in same-store sales that resulted from price increases and the shift toward premium products pursuant to the Hardee’s menu changes, partially offset by transaction count decreases, likely due to our shift in strategy.
The changes in the restaurant-level margin percentage are explained as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the prior year | | | 9.3 | % | | | 10.5 | % |
| Decrease in labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation | | | 2.2 | | | | 0.4 | |
| (Increase) decrease in food and packaging costs | | | 1.0 | | | | (1.1 | ) |
| (Increase) decrease in depreciation expense | | | 0.7 | | | | (0.7 | ) |
| (Increase) decrease in utilities expense | | | 0.3 | | | | (0.1 | ) |
| (Increase) decrease in rent expense, taxes and licenses | | | 0.3 | | | | (0.1 | ) |
| Decrease in cost of promotional items | | | 0.3 | | | | — | |
| Decrease in general liability insurance expense | | | 0.2 | | | | — | |
| (Increase) decrease in repair and maintenance expenses | | | (0.1 | ) | | | 0.4 | |
| Decrease in restaurant opening costs | | | 0.1 | | | | 0.1 | |
| Increase in workers’ compensation expense | | | (0.1 | ) | | | (0.3 | ) |
| Other, net | | | 0.1 | | | | 0.2 | |
| | | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the current year | | | 14.3 | % | | | 9.3 | % |
| | | | | | |
Labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation, decreased significantly as a percent of sales in fiscal 2005 as compared to fiscal 2004. This decrease resulted mainly from adjusting staffing levels after completing the Hardee’s Revolution rollout and the benefits of sales leverage. Labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation, decreased slightly during fiscal 2004, due mainly to the benefits of sales leverage and return to normal staffing levels upon completion of Revolution management and staff training early in the year, partially offset by increased general manager bonuses due to improved operating performance in the second half of fiscal 2004.
Food and packaging costs as a percent of sales decreased in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, primarily due to lower discounting and couponing during the current year versus the prior year while we were still transitioning to the Hardee’s Revolution menu, as well as the price increase implemented in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 discussed above, partially offset by higher prices for beef and other commodities. Food and packaging costs increased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 as a percent of sales primarily due to increases in the cost of beef and other commodities and their effect on the shift toward premium products.
Depreciation expense decreased in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, due to sales leverage and a charge incurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 to accelerate amortization of point-of-sale equipment under capital lease. Depreciation expense increased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 due to placement into service of major capital expenditures for restaurant remodeling and equipment upgrades in the latter part of fiscal 2003 and into fiscal 2004, as well as the fourth quarter charge in fiscal 2004 to accelerate amortization of point-of-sale equipment under capital lease. With much of the remodeling and upgrade activity substantially
46
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
complete, such capital spending pursuant to the Star Hardee’s remodel program significantly decreased in fiscal 2004.
Utilities and rent, taxes and licenses expenses decreased as a percent of sales in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, due mainly to the benefits of sales leverage.
Promotional item costs decreased as a percent of sales in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, due to a write-down in fiscal 2004 of bobblehead promotional items featuring members of the National Football League’s St. Louis Rams and the National Hockey League’s Carolina Hurricanes. We did not feature a similar bobblehead promotion in fiscal 2005.
General liability insurance expense decreased as a percent of sales in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, due primarily to favorable adjustments to the reserve for general liability claims resulting from our semi-annual actuarial analysis.
Repair and maintenance expenses as a percent of sales decreased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 due to the reduced remodeling and upgrade activity noted above and benefits from sales leverage.
Workers’ compensation expense as a percent of sales increased in fiscal 2005, as compared to fiscal 2004, mainly as a result of an approximate $1,100 charge recorded in the current year second fiscal quarter to reflect an increase in the actuarial estimate of claims losses in prior policy periods, primarily the policy year ended January 31, 2004. Workers’ compensation expense increased in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, due mainly to increased actuarial estimates of claims losses pertaining to prior policy years and, to a lesser extent, a reduction in the discount rate applied to arrive at our claims reserves, which we maintain at present value.
| |
| Franchised and Licensed Restaurants |
Revenues from franchised and licensed restaurants increased $4,648, or 6.9%, in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004. This increase was primarily due to increases of $5,066, or 13.2%, in royalties and $1,997, or 25.0%, in rent revenues, partially offset by a decrease of $2,512, or 12.1%, in distribution revenues. Franchise royalties and rents increased primarily due to the improved financial health of certain franchisees, which allowed them to resume royalty and rent payments to us, and the 3.6% increase in franchise same-store sales. The decrease in distribution revenues is a result of reduced equipment sales to franchisees which made significant investments in fiscal 2003 and early fiscal 2004 pursuant to the Star Hardee’s remodel program.
Franchised and licensed restaurant revenues increased $1,681, or 2.6%, to $67,456 in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003. This increase is due mainly to an increase in equipment sales to franchisees of $2,538, or 14.0%, which resulted from equipment upgrades by franchisees pursuant to the Star Hardee’s remodel program. During fiscal 2004, franchisees remodeled 232 restaurants. Franchise royalty revenues also increased $993, or 2.7%, in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003 primarily as a result of a 1.2% increase in franchised restaurants same-store sales and improved financial health of certain franchisees, partially offset by the decrease in number of franchised restaurants.
Net franchising income increased $8,291, or 24.3%, in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004 and increased $859, or 2.6%, in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003. The increase during fiscal 2005 is primarily due to the increase in royalty and rent revenue as well as a decrease in the provision for bad debts due to the improved health of certain franchisees, partially offset by decreased equipment sales. The increase during fiscal 2004 is primarily due to the increase in royalty revenues and increased distribution profitability from the equipment sales volume growth.
47
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
During fiscal 2005, we opened three and closed two company-operated restaurants. La Salsa franchisees and licensees opened two restaurants and closed four. As of January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, the La Salsa system consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Restaurant Portfolio | | | Fiscal Year Revenue | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | | | | | 2005-2004 | | | 2004-2003 | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | | | Change | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003(1) | | | Change | | | Change | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company | | | 62 | | | | 61 | | | | 57 | | | | 1 | | | | 4 | | | $ | 46,950 | | | $ | 42,310 | | | $ | 38,550 | | | $ | 4,640 | | | $ | 3,760 | |
Franchised and licensed | | | 39 | | | | 41 | | | | 42 | | | | (2 | ) | | | (1 | ) | | | 1,844 | | | | 1,623 | | | | 1,409 | | | | 221 | | | | 214 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | 101 | | | | 102 | | | | 99 | | | | (1 | ) | | | 3 | | | $ | 48,794 | | | $ | 43,933 | | | $ | 39,959 | | | $ | 4,861 | | | $ | 3,974 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
(1) | For the period March 1, 2002 through January 31, 2003. |
Revenue from company-operated La Salsa restaurants increased $4,640, or 11.0%, to $46,950 in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, primarily as a result of a 5.2% increase in same-store sales and the increase in the number of company-operated restaurants. Revenue from company-operated La Salsa restaurants increased $3,760, or 9.8%, to $42,310 in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003, primarily as a result of recording 31 additional days of revenues in fiscal 2004 (operating results for La Salsa were not included in our Consolidated Financial Statements until our acquisition of the concept on March 1, 2002) and, to a lesser extent, the net addition of four company-operated restaurants during fiscal 2004. The increase was partially offset by a 1.3% decrease in same-store sales in fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003.
Restaurant-level margins as a percent of sales were 2.4% and 5.3% in fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004, respectively. Margins were negatively impacted by approximately 60 basis points due to an increase in food and packaging costs as a percent of sales, resulting primarily from increased food and paper costs. Margins were also negatively impacted by approximately 180 basis points due to an increase in payroll and employee benefit costs, primarily as a result of increased hourly labor related to higher costs associated with new restaurant openings with lower average sales, and increases in workers’ compensation expense resulting from an increase in overall actuarially estimated losses for all policy years through fiscal 2005. Occupancy and other expenses increased slightly (approximately 50 basis points), due to increased depreciation expense (approximately 70 basis points) due mainly to higher costs associated with new restaurant openings with lower average sales, higher utilities (approximately 20 basis points), and higher repair and maintenance costs (approximately 30 basis points), partially offset by decreased rent and property taxes (approximately 50 basis points) and decreased restaurant opening costs (approximately 70 basis points).
Restaurant-level margins as a percent of sales were 5.3% and 12.1% in fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003, respectively. Margins were negatively impacted by approximately 40 basis points due to an increase in payroll and benefits cost due mainly to increased direct labor costs, partially offset by a decrease in workers’ compensation expense. Occupancy and other expenses negatively impacted margins by approximately 650 basis points, due mainly to amortization of intangible assets (approximately 90 basis points), which had been classified as general and administrative expenses in the prior year comparable period, and increased rent expense (approximately 260 basis points) due mainly to an adjustment to deferred rents based on current lease terms, as well as increases in repair and maintenance (approximately 60 basis points), increased utilities (approximately 40 basis points) and increased restaurant opening costs (approximately 60 basis points). Food and packaging costs decreased slightly due to lower food costs, as a percent of sales, partially offset by higher paper costs.
48
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| |
| Consolidated Variable Interest Entities |
We consolidate the results of one variable interest entity (“VIE”), a franchisee that operates six Hardee’s restaurants, and approximately 85 Hardee’s cooperative advertising funds, which are also VIEs. We do not possess any ownership interest in the VIE franchise. Retail sales and operating expenses of the VIE franchise are included within franchise and licensed restaurants and other and the resulting minority interest in the income of the VIE franchisee is included in other income (expense), net, in our Consolidated Statement of Operations for fiscal 2005. (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the VIE franchise.) The Hardee’s cooperative advertising funds consist of the Hardee’s National Advertising Fund and many local advertising cooperative funds. Each of these funds is a separate non-profit association with all the proceeds segregated and managed by a third-party accounting service company. The group of funds has been reported in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2005, on a net basis, and is included within advertising fund assets, restricted, and advertising fund liabilities within current assets and current liabilities, respectively. The funds are reported as of the latest practicable date, which is December 31, 2004. Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2005, the group of funds has been reported in our Consolidated Statements of Operations on a net basis, whereby contributions from franchisees have been recorded as offsets to our reported advertising expenses. (See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the Hardee’s cooperative advertising funds.)
Advertising expense increased $685, or 1.0%, to $71,839 in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004. Advertising expenses, as a percentage of company-operated revenue, decreased to 5.9% in fiscal 2005 from 6.2% in fiscal 2004, mainly due to Carl’s Jr. advertising spending that did not increase at the same rate as sales growth and thus benefited from sales leverage. Advertising expenses decreased $1,228, or 1.7%, to $71,154 during fiscal 2004 from fiscal 2003. Advertising expenses as a percentage of company-operated revenue decreased to 6.2% in fiscal 2004 from 6.5% in fiscal 2003, as a result of increased sales leverage during fiscal 2004.
| |
| General and Administrative Expense |
General and administrative expenses increased $31,236, or 29.1%, to $138,716 during the year ended January 31, 2005, as compared to the prior fiscal year. General and administrative expenses were 9.1% of total revenue in fiscal 2005, as compared to 7.6% in fiscal 2004.
In fiscal 2005, we incurred a $7,640 increase in legal settlement costs over the fiscal 2004 amount. This increase was due primarily to a $5,059 charge related to settlement of the Carl’s Jr. overtime class actions, a $1,150 charge related to settlement of a Carl’s Jr. vacation benefits plan for salaried employees, and increased accruals for certain other legal matters. As a result of our additional litigation activity and increased corporate governance efforts pursuant to requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”) and the New York Stock Exchange, in fiscal 2005 we also incurred an increase of $269 in legal fees versus fiscal 2004.
As a result of our increased profitability in fiscal 2005 versus fiscal 2004, we also incurred a $6,801 increase in corporate executive and management bonus expense in fiscal 2005.
Fiscal 2005 general and administrative expenses also include $1,476 of costs we incurred for external consulting services in our efforts to comply with the internal control reporting requirements of Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley. We also incurred a $1,305 increase in fees for our external financial statement and internal controls audit during fiscal 2005.
49
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
We also incurred a charge of approximately $1,479 for losses incurred upon disposal of a partial interest in a corporate jet in which we shared ownership interest with a related party. In addition, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 we incurred within general and administrative expenses an $837 charge upon amendment of the retirement agreement for Carl N. Karcher, our company founder, effective January 1, 2005, and a charge of $450 to adjust our reserve for Hardee’s retirees.
The addition of a 53rd week to fiscal 2005 also contributed approximately $2,100 to the increase in general and administrative expenses versus fiscal 2004.
General and administrative expenses decreased $7,452, or 6.5%, to $107,480 during fiscal 2004 as compared to fiscal 2003. General and administrative expenses were 7.6% of total revenue in fiscal 2004, as compared to 8.4% in fiscal 2003. This decrease is primarily due to (i) reduced executive incentive compensation, (ii) lower relocation and recruiting expenses, (iii) lower telephone expense, (iv) lower travel expense, and (v) lower supplies expense.
Facility action charges arise from closure of company-operated restaurants, sublease of closed facilities at amounts below our primary lease obligation, impairments of long-lived assets to be disposed of or held and used, gains or losses upon disposal of surplus property, and accretion of accruals for obligations related to closed or subleased facilities to their future costs.
Facility action charges decreased $3,456, or 19.4%, to $14,320 during the year ended January 31, 2005, as compared to the prior fiscal year. The decrease is primarily due to a decrease of $13,196 in impairments of Hardee’s units, which resulted primarily from charges recorded in fiscal 2004 upon the decision announced in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 to close 30 Hardee’s restaurants. This was partially offset by impairment increases of $1,493 and $2,760 in Carl’s Jr. and La Salsa units, respectively. The decrease in impairment was also partially offset by a decrease of $5,588 in favorable dispositions of closed Hardee’s units, as fewer previously closed units remain in inventory, and the extension of certain lease subsidies during fiscal 2005.
Facility action charges increased $12,582, or 242.2%, to $17,776 during the year ended January 31, 2004, as compared to the prior fiscal year. The increase is primarily due to a $8,784 increase in impairment of Hardee’s units to be disposed of mostly due to matters discussed above, as well as a $5,030 decrease in the gain on sale of Hardee’s restaurants that were sold in fiscal 2004 as compared with fiscal 2003.
See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional detail of the components of facility action charges.
50
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest expense for fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003 was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Bank credit facility | | $ | 6,310 | | | $ | 1,146 | | | $ | 631 | |
Senior subordinated notes due 2009 | | | 7,855 | | | | 18,250 | | | | 18,150 | |
Capital lease obligations | | | 6,950 | | | | 8,503 | | | | 9,134 | |
2004 convertible subordinated notes | | | 73 | | | | 4,206 | | | | 6,032 | |
2023 convertible subordinated notes | | | 4,258 | | | | 1,385 | | | | — | |
Amortization of loan fees | | | 3,637 | | | | 4,451 | | | | 4,238 | |
Write-off of unamortized loan fees, term loan | | | 2,116 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Write-off of unamortized loan fees, senior subordinated notes due 2009 | | | 3,068 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Letter of credit fees and other | | | 2,481 | | | | 2,021 | | | | 1,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total interest expense | | $ | 36,748 | | | $ | 39,962 | | | $ | 39,924 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The decrease from 2004 to 2005 was primarily due to (i) the refinancing of our 9.125% senior subordinated notes due 2009, during the second quarter of fiscal 2005, with a lower cost bank term loan, and the repayment of $91,349 of the bank term loan, and (ii) lower levels of borrowings outstanding under the revolving portion of our senior credit facility throughout the fiscal year, partially offset by the write-off of $5,184 of deferred financing costs in fiscal 2005, primarily as a result of our second quarter refinancing.
The increase from 2003 to 2004 was primarily due to the addition of $25,000 outstanding under the term loan portion of the bank credit facility, a higher average balance of letters of credit outstanding, and increased interest rate on letters of credit outstanding, partially offset by the amortization and termination of leases in our capital lease base and lower average convertible note balances in fiscal 2004.
| |
| Other Income (Expense), Net |
Other income (expense), net, consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Year Ended January 31, | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Premium incurred upon early redemption of debt | | $ | (9,126 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Interest income on notes receivable from franchisees, disposition properties and capital leases | | | 1,784 | | | | 1,147 | | | | 1,267 | |
Rental income from properties leased to third parties | | | 2,060 | | | | 655 | | | | 986 | |
Gains on the sale of Checkers stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9,248 | |
Gains (losses) on the repurchase of convertible subordinated notes | | | — | | | | (708 | ) | | | 2,800 | |
Other, net | | | 2,320 | | | | (877 | ) | | | 2,127 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total other income (expense), net | | $ | (2,962 | ) | | $ | 217 | | | $ | 16,428 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
During fiscal 2005, we recorded $431 of other income related to an insurance recovery, which is recorded as a component of “Other, net” above. During fiscal 2004, we recorded $1,315 of other income related to point-of-sale equipment lease sales, which is recorded as a component of “Other, net” above. During fiscal 2003, we reversed a $1,300 estimated liability established in prior periods related to certain records lost during a natural disaster, which is recorded as a component of “Other, net” above.
51
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
We recorded income tax benefit for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005 of $1,592, comprised primarily of refundable income taxes of $2,493 recorded for the expected benefit from the carryback of certain deductible expenses incurred in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2003 through 2005, partially offset by foreign income taxes of $820 and deferred taxes of $295 associated with there being no amortization of goodwill for financial reporting versus amortization of goodwill for income tax reporting purposes. We incurred a net operating loss for tax purposes in fiscal 2005 and, as such, we were not required to pay federal income taxes for fiscal 2005. Despite our income before income taxes and discontinued operations in fiscal 2005, we incurred a loss for federal income tax reporting purposes primarily due to a $17,389 tax deduction for amortization of goodwill for our Hardee’s concept, which had been written off for financial reporting purposes in fiscal 2003. We expect to receive similar deductions for the same reasons annually through fiscal 2014.
We recorded income tax expense for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004 of $2,417, comprised primarily of foreign income taxes, provision for certain matters under audit and deferred taxes associated with there being no amortization of goodwill for financial reporting versus amortization of goodwill for income tax reporting purposes. We incurred a net operating loss for tax purposes in fiscal 2004 and, as such, we were not required to pay federal income taxes for fiscal 2004. We recorded a net tax benefit for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2003 of $7,093, arising from filing amended tax returns to carryback operating losses as permitted by the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002, partially offset by foreign and deferred income taxes. We were not required to pay federal or state income taxes in fiscal 2003.
We maintained a deferred tax liability of $1,708 as of January 31, 2005, which results from our net deferred tax assets and tax valuation allowance of approximately $188,471 and $190,179, respectively. We have recorded a 100% valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities that may offset our deferred tax assets for income tax accounting purposes, because we believe it is more likely than not that we will not realize the benefits of these deductible differences at January 31, 2005. When circumstances warrant, we assess the likelihood that our net deferred tax assets will more likely than not be realized from future taxable income.
After we adopted SFAS 142, we ceased amortizing goodwill for financial reporting purposes (even though such amortization continues for income tax reporting purposes). As a result, the reversal timing of the associated deferred tax liability has become indeterminable and may be offset only by our alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) credit carryforward (see below), which is our only deferred tax asset which also has indeterminable reversal timing. As our AMT carryforward only permits us to reduce our income taxes payable down to the AMT level then in effect, we maintain a net deferred tax liability related to the financial versus income tax reporting difference that arises with respect to amortization of goodwill, tax effected at the current AMT rate.
At January 31, 2005, we had federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards of approximately $99,608, expiring in varying amounts in the years 2014 through 2025, and state NOL carryforwards in the amount of approximately $331,754, which expire in varying amounts in the years 2006 through 2025. Our state NOL carryforwards exceed our federal NOL carryforwards primarily due to stand-alone operating losses of certain of our subsidiaries that report separately for tax purposes in several states. We have federal NOL carryforwards for alternative minimum tax purposes of approximately $91,142. Additionally, we have an AMT credit carryforward of approximately $11,465. We also have generated general business credit carryforwards in the amount of $11,181 which expire in varying amounts in the years 2020 through 2025, and foreign tax credits in the amount of $3,598 which expire in varying amounts in the years 2006 and 2010.
As a result of our NOL and credit carryforwards and expected favorable book/tax differences from depreciation and amortization, we expect that our cash requirements for U.S. federal and state income taxes
52
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
will not exceed 2.0% of our taxable earnings in fiscal 2006. The 2.0% rate results from AMT under which 10% of taxable earnings cannot be offset by NOL carryforwards and is subject to the AMT rate of 20%. The actual cash requirements for taxes could vary significantly from our expectations for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to, unanticipated fluctuations in our deferred tax assets and liabilities, unexpected gains from significant transactions, unexpected outcomes of income tax audits, and changes in tax law. We expect to continue to incur foreign taxes on our income earned outside the U.S.
In conjunction with the acquisition of SBRG in fiscal 2003, we made the decision to divest Timber Lodge as the concept did not fit with our core concepts of quick-service and fast-casual restaurants. The sale of Timber Lodge was completed on September 3, 2004. The results of operations of Timber Lodge are classified as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. During fiscal 2005, loss from discontinued operations was $646, which included impairment charges of $617 and $281 recorded during the first and second quarters of fiscal 2005, respectively, to write-down Timber Lodge to its fair value. During fiscal 2004, loss from discontinued operations was $2,790, which included impairment charges of $1,566 and $1,313 recorded during the first and fourth quarters of fiscal 2004, respectively, to write-down Timber Lodge to its fair value.
Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2005 Compared with Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2004
| |
| Company-Operated Restaurants |
The changes in the restaurant-level margin percentage for the fiscal fourth quarter 2005 are explained as follows:
| | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the prior year | | | 20.0 | % |
| Decrease in workers’ compensation expense | | | 1.5 | |
| Increase in rent and property taxes | | | (0.8 | ) |
| Decrease in labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation | | | 0.5 | |
| Decrease in depreciation expense | | | 0.2 | |
| Decrease in food and packaging costs | | | 0.2 | |
| Increase in general liability insurance expense | | | (0.2 | ) |
| Increase in asset retirement expense | | | (0.2 | ) |
| Other, net | | | (0.2 | ) |
| | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the current year | | | 21.0 | % |
| | | |
Workers’ compensation expense decreased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, primarily due to a fiscal fourth quarter 2004 reduction in the discount rate applied to arrive at our claims reserves, which we maintain at present value, and the benefits of sales leverage. The reductions in the discount rate resulted in a charge of $1,600 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, which did not recur in the current year fiscal quarter.
Rent and property tax expense increased in fiscal 2005 from fiscal 2004, primarily due to relatively higher rent and property taxes on some of the newer units and a fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 reduction to our overall accrued property tax position based on a thorough review of balances by jurisdiction.
53
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Labor costs excluding workers’ compensation decreased slightly as a percent of sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, due to the benefits of sales leverage on restaurant management costs.
Depreciation expense decreased as a percent of sales in fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, due to a continuation of the trend during the course of the year whereby more assets became fully depreciated while the amount of capital expenditures in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 remained moderate, as well as the benefits of sales leverage.
Food and packaging costs decreased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, as a percent of sales, primarily due to the benefits of menu price increases during fiscal 2005, partially offset by increases in the cost of certain commodities.
| |
| Franchised and Licensed Restaurants |
Revenues from franchised and licensed restaurants increased $6,329, or 13.1%, in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2005 from the comparable fiscal 2004 period primarily due to increased food, paper and supplies sales to franchisees and increased royalties received from franchisees. Franchising income increased $1,608, or 25.7%, in the fourth fiscal quarter of 2005 over the comparable fiscal 2004 period mainly as a result of this revenue growth and a decrease in rent and occupancy costs for restaurants subleased to franchisees.
| |
| Company-Operated Restaurants |
The changes in the restaurant-level margin percentage for the fiscal fourth quarter 2005 are explained as follows:
| | | | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the prior year | | | 8.4 | % |
| Decrease in depreciation expense | | | 2.8 | |
| Decrease in labor costs, excluding workers’ compensation | | | 1.0 | |
| Increase in general liability insurance expense | | | (1.0 | ) |
| Decrease in fixed asset retirements expense | | | 0.8 | |
| Decrease in write-down of promotional items | | | 0.7 | |
| Increase in repair and maintenance expense | | | (0.7 | ) |
| Increase in equipment lease expense | | | (0.5 | ) |
| Decrease in rent expense | | | 0.4 | |
| Decrease in workers’ compensation expense | | | 0.3 | |
| Increase in utilities expense | | | (0.3 | ) |
| Other, net | | | (0.1 | ) |
| | | |
Restaurant-level margins for the current year | | | 11.8 | % |
| | | |
Depreciation expense decreased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due to a charge incurred in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 to accelerate amortization of point-of-sale equipment under capital lease that did not recur in the current year fourth quarter (approximately 190 basis points) and the benefits of sales leverage, including the one additional week of sales included in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
54
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Labor costs excluding workers’ compensation decreased during the fiscal fourth quarter 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due to a decrease in restaurant management bonuses, which are based upon performance versus operating budget, and the benefits of sales leverage.
General liability insurance expense increased as a percent of sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, due to an adjustment in the prior year quarter to reflect a significant decrease in actuarial estimates of claim reserves pertaining to prior policy years during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 resulting from our semi-annual actuarial analysis. General liability insurance expense as a percent of sales has remained relatively constant during fiscal 2005.
Fixed asset retirement costs as a percentage of sales decreased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due to increased charges in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 related to the final removal of old equipment in connection with the Hardee’s menu update and Star Hardee’s remodeling efforts.
The decrease in write-down of promotional items in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 is due to the write-down of certain promotional items during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, for which there was no comparable promotional program in fiscal 2005.
Repair and maintenance costs increased as a percentage of sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 over the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due to an adjustment to increase our accrual for unpaid repair and maintenance obligations and a general increase in repair and maintenance activity in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
Equipment lease expense increased as a percentage of sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 over the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due to the ending of a capital lease period for certain point-of-sale systems equipment during the third quarter of fiscal 2005 and the commencement of an operating lease period for the same equipment at that time.
| |
| Franchised and Licensed Restaurants |
Revenues from franchised and licensed restaurants increased by $2,018, or 13.6%, in fiscal fourth quarter 2005 from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 as a result of an increase in distribution revenues of $1,965, or 62.0%, which are primarily comprised of equipment and parts sales to franchisees due to higher franchise remodel activity in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005. Distribution revenues can vary significantly depending on the needs of our franchisees. Franchise royalty and rent revenues, combined, remained essentially unchanged in fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 over the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004. Franchise royalties decreased by $379, or 4.0%, in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, primarily due to non-payment of royalties from two financially troubled franchisees in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, versus payment of royalties by these same franchisees in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, partially offset by the impact of including a 13th week in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005. Franchise rent revenues increased in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 primarily due to net collection increase of previously unrecognized rent revenues from one of these two financially troubled franchisees in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
Franchising income for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 was almost unchanged versus the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004 due primarily to the flat royalty and rent revenues trend noted above.
La Salsa restaurant-level margins as a percent of sales increased to negative 1.2% in fiscal fourth quarter 2005, from negative 7.3% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004. Rent and property taxes decreased approximately 375 basis points due to a write-off of a leasehold interest in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, partially offset by rent expense on one additional restaurant. Depreciation expense decreased approximately 290 basis points due
55
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
to a continuation of the trend during the course of the year whereby more assets became fully depreciated while the amount of capital expenditures in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 remained moderate, as well as the benefits of sales leverage. Workers’ compensation expense decreased approximately 220 basis points due to a decrease in the actuarial estimate of unpaid claim losses during the current fiscal year and prior fiscal years.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, we recorded a charge of $34,059, recognizing the impairment of the goodwill associated with the acquisition of La Salsa.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 123 (Revised 2004),Share-Based Payment(“SFAS 123R”), which amends FASB Statements 123 and 95. SFAS 123R requires all companies to measure compensation cost for all share-based payments (including employee stock options) at fair value, and will be effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005. This new standard may be adopted in one of two ways — the modified prospective transition method or the modified retrospective transition method. We are currently evaluating the effect that the accounting change will have on our financial position and results of operations.
Impact of Inflation
Inflation has an impact on food and packaging, construction, occupancy, labor and benefit, and general and administrative costs, all of which can significantly affect our operations. Historically, consistent with the industry, we have been able to pass along to our customers, through price increases, higher costs arising from these inflationary factors.
Seasonality
Our business is affected by seasonality. Average restaurant sales are normally higher in the summer months than during the winter months for each of our restaurant concepts. In comparison with our Carl’s Jr. and La Salsa restaurant concepts, inclement weather has a greater impact on restaurant sales at our Hardee’s restaurants, because a significant number of them are located in areas that experience severe winter conditions, principally in the Midwest and certain East Coast locations.
Competition
As discussed above in Item 1 — Business, the foodservice industry is intensively competitive in several aspects with respect to several factors. We compete with a diverse group of food service companies (major restaurant chains, casual dining restaurants, nutrition-oriented restaurants and prepared food stores), making it difficult to attribute specific results of operations to the actions of any of our competitors.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically financed our business through cash flow from operations, borrowings under our credit facility and, during our refranchising efforts (which have slowed considerably since fiscal 2002), the sale of restaurants. We believe our most significant cash use during the next 12 months will be for capital expenditures. We amended and restated our senior credit facility (“Facility”) on June 2, 2004 and on April 21, 2005 (see below). We anticipate that existing cash balances, borrowing capacity under the Facility and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to service existing debt and to meet our operating and capital requirements for at least the next 12 months. Additionally, we are able to sell restaurants as a source of liquidity, although we have no intention to do so significantly at this time. We have no potential mandatory payments of principal on our $105,000 of 4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023 until October 1, 2008.
56
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
We, and the restaurant industry in general, maintain relatively low levels of accounts receivable and inventories, and vendors grant trade credit for purchases such as food and supplies. We also continually invest in our business through the addition of new sites and the refurbishment of existing sites, which are reflected as long-term assets and not as part of working capital. As a result, we typically maintain current liabilities in excess of current assets, resulting in a working capital deficit. As of January 31, 2005, our current ratio was 0.60 to 1.
The Facility provides for a $380,000 senior secured credit facility consisting of a $150,000 revolving credit facility and a $230,000 term loan. The revolving credit facility matures on May 1, 2007, and includes an $85,000 letter of credit sub-facility. The principal amount of the term loan is scheduled to be repaid in quarterly installments, with a balloon payment of the remaining principal balance that is scheduled to mature on July 2, 2008. Subject to certain conditions as defined in the Facility, the maturity of the term loan may be extended to May 1, 2010. We used a portion of the proceeds from the $230,000 term loan to repay the $10,137 remaining balance of a prior Facility term loan. On July 2, 2004, we used additional proceeds from the $230,000 term loan to redeem our $200,000 of 9.125% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2009 (“Senior Notes”) and pay the related optional redemption premium of $9,126 and accrued interest. We also incurred a charge of approximately $3,068 during our second quarter of fiscal 2005 to write-off unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the Senior Notes.
From the June 2, 2004 issuance of the $230,000 term loan through January 31, 2005, we voluntarily prepaid $90,074 of the $230,000 term loan, in addition to the $1,275 regularly scheduled quarterly payments. As of January 31, 2005, we had (i) cash borrowings outstanding under the term loan and revolving portions of the Facility of $138,651 and $14,500, respectively, (ii) outstanding letters of credit under the revolving portion of the Facility of $65,868, and (iii) availability under the revolving portion of the Facility of $69,632. Subsequent to January 31, 2005, we have voluntarily prepaid an additional $15,500 on our term loan in addition to our regularly scheduled quarterly payment of $329, reducing the balance to $122,822.
The terms of the Facility include certain restrictive covenants. Among other things, these covenants restrict our ability to incur debt, incur liens on our assets, make any significant change in our corporate structure or the nature of our business, dispose of assets in the collateral pool securing the Facility, prepay certain debt, engage in a change of control transaction without the member banks’ consents and make investments or acquisitions. The Facility is collateralized by a lien on all of our personal property assets and liens on certain restaurant properties.
As of January 31, 2005, the applicable interest rate on the term loan was LIBOR plus 2.50%, or 4.94% per annum, the applicable rate on $10,000 of the revolving loan portion of the Facility was LIBOR plus 2.50%, or 5.06% per annum, and the applicable interest rate on the remaining $4,500 of the revolving loan was Prime plus 1.25%, or 6.50% per annum. We also incur fees on outstanding letters of credit under the Facility at a rate equal to the applicable margin for LIBOR loans, which is currently 2.50% per annum.
The Facility also required us to enter into interest rate protection agreements in an aggregate notional amount of at least $70,000 for a term of at least three years. Pursuant to this requirement, on July 26, 2004, we entered into two interest rate cap agreements in an aggregate notional amount of $70,000. Under the terms of each agreement, if LIBOR exceeds 5.375% on the measurement date for any quarterly period, we will receive payments equal to the amount LIBOR exceeds 5.375%, multiplied by (i) the notional amount of the agreement, and (ii) the fraction of a year represented by the quarterly period. The agreements expire on July 28, 2007. The agreements were not designated as cash flow hedges under the terms of SFAS 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Accordingly, the change in the fair value of the $371 of interest rate cap premiums is recognized quarterly in interest expense in our Consolidated Statement of Operations. During fiscal 2005, we recorded $263 of interest expense to reduce the carrying value of the
57
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
interest rate cap premiums to their fair value of $108 at January 31, 2005. As a matter of policy, we do not use derivative instruments unless there is an underlying exposure.
Subject to the terms of the Facility, we may make annual capital expenditures in the amount of $45,000, plus 80% of the amount of actual EBITDA (as defined) in excess of $110,000. We may also carry forward any unused capital expenditure amounts to the following year. Based on these terms, the Facility permits us to make capital expenditures of at least $63,836 in fiscal 2006, which could increase further based on our performance versus the EBITDA formula described above.
The Facility also permits us to repurchase our common stock in an amount up to approximately $62,000 as of January 31, 2005. In addition, the dollar amount of common stock that we may purchase is increased each year by a portion of excess cash flow (as defined) during the term of the Facility. Our Board of Directors has authorized a program to allow us to repurchase up to $20,000 of our common stock. Based on the Board of Directors’ authorization and the amount of repurchase of our common stock that we have already made thereunder, as of January 31, 2005, we are permitted to make an additional repurchase of our common stock up to $14,441.
Until recently, the Facility prohibited us from paying cash dividends. On April 21, 2005, we amended the Facility to permit us to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as we were and are permitted to repurchase shares of our common stock. On April 25, 2005, we announced our Board of Directors’ declaration of a cash dividend of $0.04 per share of our common stock to be paid on June 13, 2005, to our stockholders of record on May 23, 2005, and further announced our intention to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend. This amendment to the Facility also resulted in a 0.50% decrease in the borrowing rate under our term loan, a 0.25% decrease in the borrowing rate on revolving loans and a 0.25% decrease in our letter of credit fee rate.
The Facility contains financial performance covenants, which include a minimum EBITDA requirement, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and maximum leverage ratios. We were in compliance with these covenants and all other requirements of the Facility as of January 31, 2005.
The full text of the contractual requirements imposed by the Facility is set forth in the Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2004, and Amendments No. 1 and 2 thereto, which we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and in the ancillary loan documents described therein. Subject to cure periods in certain instances, the lenders under our Facility may demand repayment of borrowings prior to stated maturity upon certain events, including if we breach the terms of the agreement, suffer a material adverse change, engage in a change of control transaction, suffer certain adverse legal judgments, in the event of specified events of insolvency or if we default on other significant obligations. In the event the Facility is declared accelerated by the lenders (which can occur only if we are in default under the Facility), our 2023 Convertible Notes (described below) may also become accelerated under certain circumstances and after all cure periods have expired.
On September 29, 2003, we completed an offering of $105,000 of our 4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023 (“2023 Convertible Notes”), and used nearly all of the net proceeds of the offering to repurchase $100,000 of our then-outstanding 4.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2004 (“the 2004 Convertible Notes”). The 2023 Convertible Notes bear interest at 4.0% annually, are payable in semiannual installments due April 1 and October 1 each year, and are unsecured general obligations of ours, contractually subordinate in right of payment to certain of our other obligations, including the Facility. On October 1 of 2008, 2013 and 2018, the holders of the 2023 Convertible Notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of the notes at 100% of the face value plus accrued interest. On October 1, 2008 and thereafter, we have the right to call all or a portion of the notes at 100% of the face value plus accrued interest. Under the terms of the 2023
58
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Convertible Notes, such notes become convertible into our common stock at a conversion price of approximately $8.89 per share at any time after our common stock has a closing sale price of at least $9.78 per share, which is 110% of the conversion price per share, for at least 20 days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter. As a result of the daily closing sales price levels on our common stock during the second calendar quarter of 2004, the 2023 Convertible Notes became convertible into our common stock effective July 1, 2004, and will remain convertible throughout the remainder of their term.
The terms of the Facility are not dependent on any change in our credit rating. The 2023 Convertible Notes contain a convertibility trigger based on the credit ratings of the notes; however, such trigger is no longer applicable since the notes are now convertible through the remainder of their term, as discussed above. We believe the key Company-specific factors affecting our ability to maintain our existing debt financing relationships and to access such capital in the future are our present and expected levels of profitability and cash flow from operations, asset collateral bases and the level of our equity capital relative to our debt obligations. In addition, as noted above, our existing debt agreements include significant restrictions on future financings including, among others, limits on the amount of indebtedness we may incur or which may be secured by any of our assets.
During the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, cash provided by operating activities was $111,509, an increase of $37,344 or 50.4% over the prior year comparable period. The increase resulted mainly from a $71,236 increase in net income, partially offset by the $34,059 write-off of La Salsa goodwill which took place in fiscal 2004 with no similar write-off in fiscal 2005, as well as a trend change in the accounts payable balance fluctuation in the current year as compared to the prior year. Such trend can vary significantly from year to year depending upon the timing of large vendor payments, but is not anticipated to be a significant source or use of cash in future periods. In addition, the current year includes a $5,281 decrease in depreciation and amortization and a $4,200 decrease in the provision for losses on accounts and notes receivable.
Cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2005 totaled $36,690, which principally consisted of purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by proceeds from the sale of property and equipment, proceeds from the disposition of Timber Lodge, and collections on notes receivable.
Cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2005 totaled $110,742, which principally consisted of redemption of $200,000 of our Senior Notes due 2009 and $22,319 of our Convertible Notes due 2004, repayment of $91,349 of term loans under our Facility (of which $90,074 represented voluntary prepayment thereof), net borrowings of $14,500 under the revolving portion of our Facility, repayment of the $24,062 remaining balance of our previously existing Facility term loan, repayment of $7,143 of capital lease obligations, $6,193 of financing costs incurred in connection with our refinancing activity, primarily during the second fiscal quarter, $5,559 used to repurchase 519,000 shares of our common stock and a $5,018 decrease in our bank overdraft position (which is generally not a significant source or use of cash over the long term), partially offset by the $230,000 of proceeds from the term loan component of our Facility.
59
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
Capital expenditures for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005 and 2004 were:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
New restaurants (including restaurants under development) | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | $ | 8,945 | | | $ | 6,432 | |
| Hardee’s | | | 4,318 | | | | 3,743 | |
| La Salsa | | | 1,417 | | | | 4,033 | |
Remodels, Dual-branding (including construction in process) | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | | 1,047 | | | | 2,485 | |
| Hardee’s | | | 9,303 | | | | 11,192 | |
| La Salsa | | | 27 | | | | 107 | |
Other restaurant additions | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | | 9,821 | | | | 4,890 | |
| Hardee’s | | | 16,162 | | | | 6,284 | |
| La Salsa | | | 2,260 | | | | 2,602 | |
Corporate | | | 5,321 | | | | 5,845 | |
| | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 58,621 | | | $ | 47,613 | |
| | | | | | |
As of January 31, 2005, we had remodeled 93.1% of the Hardee’s company-operated restaurants to the Star Hardee’s format and had installed charbroilers in all of the Hardee’s company-operated restaurants.
Long-Term Obligations
| |
| Contractual Cash Obligations |
The following table presents our long-term contractual cash obligations:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments Due by Periods | |
| | | |
| | | | Less Than | | | 1-3 | | | 3-5 | | | After | |
| | Total | | | One Year | | | Years | | | Years | | | 5 Years | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt(1) | | $ | 259,484 | | | $ | 16,066 | | | $ | 3,101 | | | $ | 134,646 | | | $ | 105,671 | |
Capital lease obligations(2)(3) | | | 94,835 | | | | 11,320 | | | | 21,252 | | | | 20,301 | | | | 41,962 | |
Operating leases(2) | | | 587,974 | | | | 86,139 | | | | 151,508 | | | | 105,466 | | | | 244,861 | |
Unconditional purchase obligations(4) | | | 55,123 | | | | 50,975 | | | | 3,626 | | | | 302 | | | | 220 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total contractual cash obligations | | $ | 997,416 | | | $ | 164,500 | | | $ | 179,487 | | | $ | 260,715 | | | $ | 392,714 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
(1) | Assumes holders of the 2023 Convertible Notes do not exercise redemption rights in October 2008. |
|
(2) | The amounts reported above as operating leases and capital lease obligations include leases contained in the estimated liability for closing restaurants and leases for which we are the obligee to the property owner and sublease to franchisees. Additional information regarding operating leases and capital lease obligations can be found in Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
|
(3) | Represents the undiscounted value of capital lease payments. |
|
(4) | Unconditional purchase obligations include contracts for goods and services, primarily related to system restaurant operations. |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Management’s Discussion and Analysis — (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
The following table presents our other commercial commitments including letters of credit and guarantees. The specific commitments are discussed previously in Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — as well as in Note 25 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
| |
| Other Commercial Commitments |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Amount of Commitment | |
| | Expirations Per Period | |
| | | |
| | Total | | | |
| | Amounts | | | Less Than | | | 1-3 | |
| | Committed | | | One Year | | | Years | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Standby letters of credit under the Company’s Senior Credit Facility | | $ | 65,868 | | | $ | 65,868 | | | $ | — | |
Guarantees | | | 1,618 | | | | — | | | | 1,618 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total other commercial commitments | | $ | 67,486 | | | $ | 65,868 | | | $ | 1,618 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
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Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |
Interest Rate Risk
Our principal exposure to financial market risks relates to the impact that interest rate changes could have on our $380,000 Facility. As of January 31, 2005, we had $153,151 and $65,868 in borrowings and letters of credit outstanding under the Facility, respectively. Borrowings under the Facility bear interest at the Prime Rate or LIBOR plus an applicable margin. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in short-term interest rates would result in a reduction in the Company’s annual pre-tax earnings of $1,532. The estimated reduction is based upon the outstanding balance of the Facility, and assumes no change in the volume, index or composition of debt as in effect January 31, 2005. Substantially all of our business is transacted in U.S. dollars. Accordingly, foreign exchange rate fluctuations have not had a significant impact on us and are not expected to in the foreseeable future.
Commodity Price Risk
We purchase certain products which are affected by commodity prices and are, therefore, subject to price volatility caused by weather, market conditions and other factors which are not considered predictable or within our control. Although many of the products purchased are subject to changes in commodity prices, certain purchasing contracts or pricing arrangements contain risk management techniques designed to minimize price volatility. The purchasing contracts and pricing arrangements we use may result in unconditional purchase obligations, which are not reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Typically, we use these types of purchasing techniques to control costs as an alternative to managing financial instruments to hedge commodity prices. In many cases, we believe we will be able to address material commodity cost increases by adjusting our menu pricing or changing our product delivery strategy. However, increases in commodity prices, without adjustments to our menu prices, could result in lower restaurant-level operating margins for our restaurant concepts.
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Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |
See the Index included at Item 15 — Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
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Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
None.
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Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures |
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(a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any system of controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as the Company’s are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
In connection with the preparation of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as of January 31, 2005, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act). The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the
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Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K report, were not effective as of January 31, 2005, due to the material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting described below underManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
In reaching this conclusion, management considered disclosure controls and procedures and turned specific attention to: (i) the Company’s December 2004 restatement of previously issued financial statements for fiscal years ended January 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002; and (ii) the Company’s lease accounting practices in light of the views on accounting for “rent holidays” contained in a February 7, 2005 communication from the Office of the Chief Accountant of the SEC to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). In connection with the Company’s December 2004 restatement of previously issued financial statements, management had determined that certain of the Company’s internal controls over fixed asset accounting and lease accounting were ineffective, resulting in a conclusion in December 2004 that there was a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting. In completing its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, management concluded that the Company’s internal controls over fixed asset accounting, primarily with respect to establishing appropriate depreciable lives for fixed assets subject to operating leases, did not operate effectively as of January 31, 2005. With respect to the Company’s lease accounting practices prior to the issuance of the February 7, 2005 SEC communication, the Company believed it had correctly interpreted the applicable accounting standards, and that its interpretation of those accounting standards was commonly applied in the restaurant and retail industries. In light of the February 7, 2005 SEC staff letter, and upon review of the subject lease accounting practices and procedures the Company had been applying, management concluded that such policies and procedures were not in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, as described below, the Company determined to restate certain of its previously issued financial statements for fiscal years 2002 and prior to correct its lease accounting.
| |
(b) | Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting |
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005. In making its assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission inInternal Control — Integrated Framework.
Management has concluded that, as of January 31, 2005, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective due to the existence of the following material weakness in those controls:
In completing its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, management concluded that there was a deficiency in the Company’s internal control associated with the selection, monitoring and review of assumptions and factors affecting certain of its depreciation and lease accounting policies and procedures. With regard to its depreciation policies and procedures, the Company did not establish and maintain appropriate depreciable lives for fixed assets subject to operating leases. With regard to its lease accounting policies and procedures, the Company did not properly apply U.S. generally accepted accounting principles to so-called “rent holidays” – the period during which a tenant is in possession of the leased property but the lease payments have not yet begun – because the Company was not recording straight-line rent expense for the period from possession of a leased property to the date of rent commencement.
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On April 11, 2005, the Company announced that it would restate its previously issued financial statements for fiscal year 2002 to properly reflect straight-line rent expense during the “rent holiday” periods. In December 2004, the Company restated its previously issued financial statements for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 to properly reflect depreciation expense for assets subject to operating leases.
A material weakness in internal control over financial reporting is a control deficiency (within the meaning of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) Auditing Standard No. 2), or combination of control deficiencies, that results in there being more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. PCAOB Auditing Standard No. 2 identifies a number of circumstances that, because of their likely significant negative effect on internal control over financial reporting, are to be regarded as at least significant deficiencies as well as strong indicators that a material weakness exists, including the restatement of previously issued financial statements to reflect the correction of a misstatement.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, has issued an audit report on management’s assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. This report appears below.
| |
(c) | Management’s Remediation of Material Weakness |
With respect to the internal control deficiencies associated with the Company’s fixed asset accounting discussed above under the headingManagement’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management had implemented controls in December 2004 to correct such deficiencies. However, the short period of time available did not provide management with enough time to establish effective operation of the new controls by January 31, 2005. Remediation efforts at the operational level have continued subsequent to January 31, 2005, and management also has designed and internally communicated further internal control enhancements that it believes will remediate the deficiencies. With respect to the internal control deficiencies associated with lease accounting practices discussed above, remediation efforts were completed subsequent to January 31, 2005, and management believes such efforts will effectively remediate those deficiencies.
| |
(d) | Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting |
Except as described below, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the Company’s fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. In the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2005, management:
| | |
| • | revised lease accounting policies to conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, trained accounting staff regarding these new policies and established management oversight thereof; |
|
| • | improved internal communication and documentation practices to ensure timely and complete accounting for restaurant sales, closures and lease/sublease modifications and other asset disposals; and |
|
| • | enhanced property tax accrual preparation and management review within the Company’s corporate tax department. |
64
| |
(e) | Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
CKE Restaurants, Inc.:
We have audited management’s assessment, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (Item 9A(b)), that CKE Restaurants, Inc. (the Company) did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, because of the effect of a material weakness identified in management’s assessment based on criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management’s assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
�� Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management’s assessment as of January 31, 2005:
Management concluded that there was a deficiency in the Company’s internal control associated with the selection, monitoring and review of assumptions and factors affecting certain of its depreciation and lease accounting policies and procedures. With regard to its depreciation policies and procedures, the Company did not establish and maintain appropriate depreciable lives for fixed assets subject to operating leases. With regard to its lease accounting policies and procedures, the Company did not properly apply U.S. generally accepted accounting principles to so-called “rent holidays” – the period during which a tenant is in possession of the leased property but the lease payments have not yet begun – because the Company was not recording straight-line rent expense for the period from possession of a leased property to the date of rent commencement. As a result of this deficiency, the Company restated its audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended January 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 to reflect the correction of the errors in the Company’s accounting for depreciation and lease accounting.
65
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of CKE Restaurants, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2005. The aforementioned material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2005 consolidated financial statements, and this report does not affect our report dated April 21, 2005, which expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
In our opinion, management’s assessment that the Company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Also, in our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness described above on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, based on criteria established inInternal Control—Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
Orange County, California
April 21, 2005
66
PART III
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Item 10. | Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant |
The information pertaining to directors and executive officers of the registrant is hereby incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement to be used in connection with our 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005. Information concerning the current executive officers is contained in Item 1 of Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Code of Ethics and Corporate Governance Information
We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics (“Code of Conduct”) to help ensure our directors and employees conduct the business of the Company fairly, free of conflicts of interest, and in an ethical and proper manner. We have also adopted a code of ethics for our CEO and senior financial officers (“Code of Ethics”), which includes its principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. The Code of Conduct and the Code of Ethics can be found on our website atwww.ckr.com. We will satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 10 of Form 8-K, as necessary, regarding any amendment to, or waiver from, any applicable provision (related to elements listed under Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K) of the Code of Conduct or the Code of Ethics by posting such information on our website.
The Board of Directors has adopted and approved the Code of Conduct, Code of Ethics, Corporate Governance Guidelines, and written charters for its Nominating and Corporate Governance, Audit and Compensation Committees. All of the foregoing documents are available on our website atwww.ckr.com, and a copy of the foregoing will be made available (without charge) to any stockholder upon request.
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Item 11. | Executive Compensation |
The information pertaining to executive compensation is hereby incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement to be used in connection with our 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005.
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Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
The information pertaining to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and related stockholder matters is hereby incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement to be used in connection with our 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Equity compensation plans as of January 31, 2005 were:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Number of Securities | |
| | | | | | Remaining Available | |
| | | | | | for Future Issuance | |
| | Number of Securities | | | Weighted-Average | | | Under Equity | |
| | to be Issued Upon | | | Exercise Price of | | | Compensation Plans | |
| | Exercise of | | | Outstanding | | | (Excluding | |
| | Outstanding Options, | | | Options, Warrants | | | Securities Reflected | |
Plan Category | | Warrants and Rights | | | and Rights | | | in Column (a)) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | (a) | | | (b) | | | (c) | |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | | 8,993,347 | | | $ | 11.14 | | | | 847,736 | (1) |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders(2) | | | 673,871 | | | | 7.90 | | | | 57,669 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 9,667,218 | | | $ | 10.92 | | | | 905,405 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
67
| |
(1) | A total of 5.3 million shares of common stock are available for grants of options or other awards under the 1999 stock incentive plan, with the amount of available shares increased by 350,000 shares on the date of each annual meeting of stockholders. |
|
(2) | Represents options that are part of a “broad-based plan” as then defined by the New York Stock Exchange. See Note 22 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
| |
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions |
The information pertaining to certain relationships and related transactions of the registrant is hereby incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement to be used in connection with our 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005.
From time to time we enter into transactions that, while not required to be disclosed pursuant to this Item 13, are with parties or entities that are affiliates of ours or that may otherwise be deemed to be related parties of ours, whether directly or indirectly. These relationships may give rise to the possibility that the related transactions may have been on other than arm’s-length terms. While we believe that all of the following transactions were in the best interests of our stockholders, we cannot assure you that if such transactions had been entered into with independent vendors, suppliers or purchasers, the resulting terms would not be materially different.
During fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, we entered into the following related party transactions:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Fiscal Year Ended | |
| | | | | | On-Going | | January 31, | |
| | | | How Transaction Prices | | Contractual | | | |
Involved Party | | Business Purpose | | are Determined | | Commitments | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Carl N. Karcher (Chairman Emeritus) | | Leased property for Anaheim, CA office, distribution facility and three restaurants | | Lease based upon the prevailing market for similar space within the area. | | Several leases with varying expiration dates through 2010. | | $ | 1,756 | | | $ | 1,828 | | | $ | 1,534 | |
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (“FNF”) (our Chairman is also the Chairman of FNF) | | Title and escrow work on sale of restaurant properties and mortgages on properties for collateral on Senior Credit Facility | | Escrow and title fees are determined per transaction based upon the stated standard rates as set by FNF to the general public at the time of each transaction | | None | | | — | | | | — | | | | 10 | |
Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (“FNF”) (our Chairman is also the Chairman of FNF) | | Loss on sale of a G-IV airplane that was leased jointly with FNF | | (B) | | None | | | 1,479 | | | | — | | | | — | |
FNF Capital, Inc. (100% owned subsidiary of FNF) | | Leased equipment | | Bids for the lease of equipment were submitted and most favorable terms were selected | | Several leases with varying expiration dates through 2005. | | | 3,258 | | | | 4,364 | | | | 7,445 | |
Kensington Development (100% owned subsidiary of FNF) | | Lease of Santa Barbara, CA office | | Lease based upon the prevailing market for similar space within the area. | | Lease agreement expires September 2007 | | | 425 | | | | 548 | | | | 598 | |
Orion Realty Corp. (100% owned subsidiary of FNF) | | Sale of surplus properties and termination of leases | | (A) | | Contractual arrangement | | | 652 | | | | 816 | | | | 494 | |
Rocky Mountain Aviation (100% owned subsidiary of FNF) | | Expenses associated with Company’s two leased aircraft | | (B) | | Lease agreement one continuing aircraft lease expires December 2010 | | | 785 | | | | 1,190 | | | | 784 | |
68
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Fiscal Year Ended | |
| | | | | | On-Going | | January 31, | |
| | | | How Transaction Prices | | Contractual | | | |
Involved Party | | Business Purpose | | are Determined | | Commitments | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Santa Barbara Restaurant Group, Inc. (“SBRG”) (our Chairman was also the Chairman of SBRG) | | Merged with restaurants company for strategic growth purposes | | Based on relative market values and expected accretive value of SBRG to CKE. Transaction was evaluated for fairness by Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc., an investment banking firm. | | None | | | — | | | | — | | | | 80,280 | |
CLK, Inc. (affiliate of a current board member) | | Sale of Carl’s Jr. restaurants to franchisee | | (C) | | None, other than those contained in the franchise agreement and asset purchase agreement | | | — | | | | — | | | | 983 | |
MJKL Enterprises, Inc. (affiliate of a current board member) | | Sale of Carl’s Jr. restaurants to franchisee | | (D) | | None, other than those contained in the franchise agreement and asset purchase agreement | | | — | | | | 4,535 | | | | — | |
| |
(A) | During fiscal 2000, we were in a workout situation with our lenders and we had to immediately begin to dispose of a significant number of assets to raise cash to repay our bank indebtedness. Also, during this time we began closing a significant number of under-performing restaurants, which resulted in a significant number of surplus properties that needed to be converted to cash. Under these circumstances, we determined that it was impractical under the time constraints to develop an internal real estate sales competency and, accordingly, we retained the services of this affiliate that possessed the requisite real estate competency, and we continue to use those services. |
| |
(B) | For first leased aircraft, based on contracted lease rates, partially offset by use by others of contracted planes. Contracted lease rates depend on number of passengers, distance, weights, airport fees and other factors to determine the cost for each specific trip. For second leased aircraft, based upon the prevailing market for similar aircraft. In July 2004, we terminated our lease of the first of these aircraft. |
|
(C) | Purchase price based on a multiple of cash flow from operations as achieved in other sales of Carl’s Jr. restaurants to other franchisees. |
| |
(D) | Purchase price was established by using the greater of CKE’s carrying value or a multiple of cash flow from operations as achieved in other sales of Carl’s Jr. restaurants to other franchisees. |
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Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services |
The information pertaining to principal accountant fees and services is hereby incorporated by reference from our Proxy Statement to be used in connection with our 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days of January 31, 2005.
69
PART IV
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Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules |
70
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| |
| |
| Andrew F. Puzder, |
| President and Chief Executive Officer |
Date: April 21, 2005
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| | | | | | |
Signature | | Title | | Date |
| | | | |
|
/s/William P. Foley, II
William P. Foley, II | | Chairman of the Board | | April 21, 2005 |
|
/s/Andrew F. Puzder
Andrew F. Puzder | | President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | | April 21, 2005 |
|
/s/Theodore Abajian
Theodore Abajian | | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Byron Allumbaugh
Byron Allumbaugh | | Vice Chairman of the Board | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Doug Ammerman
Doug Ammerman | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Peter Churm
Peter Churm | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Carl L. Karcher
Carl L. Karcher | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Janet E. Kerr
Janet E. Kerr | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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/s/Daniel D. Lane
Daniel D. Lane | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
|
/s/Ronald B. Maggard
Ronald B. Maggard | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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| | | | | | |
Signature | | Title | | Date |
| | | | |
|
/s/Daniel Ponder
Daniel Ponder | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
|
/s/Frank P. Willey
Frank P. Willey | | Director | | April 21, 2005 |
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
CKE Restaurants, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CKE Restaurants, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2005. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CKE Restaurants, Inc. and subsidiaries as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 31, 2005, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in note 1 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, the consolidated financial statements for all periods presented have been restated.
As discussed in notes 1 and 4 of the notes to consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assetsand Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146,Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities, during the first and fourth quarters of fiscal 2003, respectively.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of January 31, 2005, based on criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated April 21, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion on management’s assessment of, and an adverse opinion on the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.
Orange County, California
April 21, 2005
73
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | January 31, | | | January 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
| | (Dollars in thousands | |
| | except par values) | |
| | | | (as restated) | |
ASSETS |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 18,432 | | | $ | 54,355 | |
| Accounts receivable, net | | | 31,199 | | | | 26,562 | |
| Related party trade receivables | | | 6,760 | | | | 7,991 | |
| Inventories, net | | | 19,297 | | | | 17,972 | |
| Prepaid expenses | | | 13,056 | | | | 15,766 | |
| Assets held for sale | | | 1,058 | | | | 18,760 | |
| Advertising fund assets, restricted | | | 21,951 | | | | — | |
| Other current assets | | | 2,278 | | | | 1,656 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Total current assets | | | 114,031 | | | | 143,062 | |
Notes receivable, net | | | 3,328 | | | | 2,317 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 461,286 | | | | 479,660 | |
Property under capital leases, net | | | 36,060 | | | | 44,895 | |
Goodwill | | | 22,649 | | | | 22,649 | |
Other assets, net | | | 31,529 | | | | 37,821 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Total assets | | $ | 668,883 | | | $ | 730,404 | |
| | | | | | |
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
| Current portion of bank indebtedness and other long-term debt | | $ | 16,066 | | | $ | 26,843 | |
| Current portion of capital lease obligations | | | 5,079 | | | | 7,028 | |
| Accounts payable | | | 52,484 | | | | 47,592 | |
| Advertising fund liabilities | | | 21,951 | | | | — | |
| Other current liabilities | | | 93,358 | | | | 105,419 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Total current liabilities | | | 188,938 | | | | 186,882 | |
Bank indebtedness and other long-term debt, less current portion | | | 138,418 | | | | 22,428 | |
Senior subordinated notes | | | — | | | | 200,000 | |
Convertible subordinated notes due 2023 | | | 105,000 | | | | 105,000 | |
Capital lease obligations, less current portion | | | 52,485 | | | | 56,877 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 64,374 | | | | 58,559 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Total liabilities | | | 549,215 | | | | 629,746 | |
| | | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 8, 12, 13 and 25) | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
| Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 5,000,000 shares; none issued or outstanding | | | — | | | | — | |
| Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 100,000,000 shares; 58,082,000 shares issued and outstanding as of January 31, 2005 and 59,216,000 shares issued and 57,631,000 shares outstanding as of January 31, 2004 | | | 581 | | | | 592 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | | | 453,391 | | | | 464,689 | |
| Officer and non-employee director notes receivable | | | — | | | | (2,530 | ) |
| Accumulated deficit | | | (334,304 | ) | | | (351,687 | ) |
| Treasury stock at cost, 0 and 1,585,000 shares as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively | | | — | | | | (10,406 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | Total stockholders’ equity | | | 119,668 | | | | 100,658 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 668,883 | | | $ | 730,404 | |
| | | | | | |
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
74
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Years Ended January 31, | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands except per share amounts) | |
Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company-operated restaurants | | $ | 1,217,273 | | | $ | 1,142,929 | | | $ | 1,109,646 | |
| Franchised and licensed restaurants and other | | | 302,608 | | | | 270,491 | | | | 253,715 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Total revenue | | | 1,519,881 | | | | 1,413,420 | | | | 1,363,361 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Restaurant operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Food and packaging | | | 359,939 | | | | 340,676 | | | | 320,217 | |
| | Payroll and other employee benefits | | | 377,405 | | | | 370,700 | | | | 358,827 | |
| | Occupancy and other | | | 273,294 | | | | 269,606 | | | | 261,405 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 1,010,638 | | | | 980,982 | | | | 940,449 | |
| Franchised and licensed restaurants and other | | | 227,588 | | | | 210,237 | | | | 194,787 | |
| Advertising | | | 71,839 | | | | 71,154 | | | | 72,382 | |
| General and administrative | | | 138,716 | | | | 107,480 | | | | 114,932 | |
| Facility action charges, net | | | 14,320 | | | | 17,776 | | | | 5,194 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Total operating costs and expenses | | | 1,463,101 | | | | 1,421,688 | | | | 1,327,744 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 56,780 | | | | (8,268 | ) | | | 35,617 | |
Interest expense | | | (36,748 | ) | | | (39,962 | ) | | | (39,924 | ) |
Other income (expense), net | | | (2,962 | ) | | | 217 | | | | 16,428 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income taxes, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | 17,070 | | | | (48,013 | ) | | | 12,121 | |
Income tax expense (benefit) | | | (1,592 | ) | | | 2,417 | | | | (7,093 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | 18,662 | | | | (50,430 | ) | | | 19,214 | |
Discontinued operations: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loss from operations of discontinued segment (net of income tax benefit of $0, $0 and $31 for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively) | | | (646 | ) | | | (2,790 | ) | | | (53 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | 18,016 | | | | (53,220 | ) | | | 19,161 | |
Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | (175,780 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 18,016 | | | $ | (53,220 | ) | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Basic income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Continuing operations | | $ | 0.32 | | | $ | (0.88 | ) | | $ | 0.34 | |
| Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.04 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change | | | 0.31 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | 0.34 | |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3.10 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | (0.92 | ) | | $ | (2.76 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Diluted income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Continuing operations | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | (0.88 | ) | | $ | 0.33 | |
| Discontinued operations | | | (0.01 | ) | | | (0.04 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change | | | 0.30 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | 0.33 | |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | — | | | | — | | | | (3.02 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | (0.92 | ) | | $ | (2.69 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic | | | 57,615 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 56,649 | |
| Dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and convertible notes | | | 1,968 | | | | — | | | | 1,475 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Diluted | | | 59,583 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 58,124 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
75
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FISCAL YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2005, 2004, AND 2003
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Officer and | | | | | | | |
| | Common Stock | | | Additional | | | Non-employee | | | | | Treasury Stock | | | Total | |
| | | | | Paid-In | | | Director Notes | | | Accumulated | | | | | | Stockholders’ | |
| | Shares | | | Amount | | | Capital | | | Receivable | | | Deficit | | | Shares | | | Amount | | | Equity | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Balance at January 31, 2002 (as previously reported) | | | 52,162 | | | $ | 522 | | | $ | 383,319 | | | $ | (4,239 | ) | | $ | (139,467 | ) | | | (1,585 | ) | | $ | (10,406 | ) | | $ | 229,729 | |
| Restatement adjustments | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (2,381 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (2,381 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2002 (as restated) | | | 52,162 | | | | 522 | | | | 383,319 | | | | (4,239 | ) | | | (141,848 | ) | | | (1,585 | ) | | | (10,406 | ) | | | 227,348 | |
| Exercise of stock options | | | 353 | | | | 3 | | | | 1,270 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,273 | |
| Conversion of convertible subordinated notes | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 134 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 134 | |
| Collection of officer and non-employee director notes receivable | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,709 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,709 | |
| Issuance of stock in conjunction with acquisition | | | 6,352 | | | | 64 | | | | 78,751 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 78,815 | |
| Net loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (156,619 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (156,619 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2003 (as restated) | | | 58,868 | | | | 589 | | | | 463,474 | | | | (2,530 | ) | | | (298,467 | ) | | | (1,585 | ) | | | (10,406 | ) | | | 152,660 | |
| Exercise of stock options | | | 348 | | | | 3 | | | | 1,215 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,218 | |
| Net loss | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (53,220 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | (53,220 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2004 (as restated) | | | 59,216 | | | | 592 | | | | 464,689 | | | | (2,530 | ) | | | (351,687 | ) | | | (1,585 | ) | | | (10,406 | ) | | | 100,658 | |
| Exercise of stock options | | | 970 | | | | 10 | | | | 4,013 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 4,023 | |
| Collection of officer and non-employee director notes receivable | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,530 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2,530 | |
| Repurchase of common stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | (519 | ) | | | (5,559 | ) | | | (5,559 | ) |
| Retirement of treasury stock | | | (2,104 | ) | | | (21 | ) | | | (15,311 | ) | | | — | | | | (633 | ) | | | 2,104 | | | | 15,965 | | | | — | |
| Net income | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 18,016 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 18,016 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2005 | | | 58,082 | | | $ | 581 | | | $ | 453,391 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (334,304 | ) | | | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 119,668 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
76
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Years Ended January 31, | |
| | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Cash flow from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) | | $ | 18,016 | | | $ | (53,220 | ) | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities, excluding effects of acquisition: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Cumulative effect of accounting change | | | — | | | | — | | | | 175,780 | |
| | Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | |
| | Depreciation and amortization | | | 66,793 | | | | 72,074 | | | | 68,289 | |
| | Amortization of loan fees | | | 3,637 | | | | 4,451 | | | | 4,238 | |
| | Provision for (recovery of) losses on accounts and notes receivable | | | (1,940 | ) | | | 2,260 | | | | (1,198 | ) |
| | (Gain) loss on investments, sale of property and equipment, capital leases and extinguishment of debts | | | 9,676 | | | | 3,598 | | | | (10,560 | ) |
| | Facility action charges, net | | | 14,320 | | | | 17,776 | | | | 5,194 | |
| | Deferred income taxes | | | 295 | | | | 574 | | | | 839 | |
| | Other, non cash charges (credits) | | | 450 | | | | (284 | ) | | | 13 | |
| | Change in estimated liability for closing restaurants and estimated liability for self-insurance | | | (4,877 | ) | | | (10,304 | ) | | | (16,678 | ) |
| | Net change in refundable income taxes | | | (3,366 | ) | | | 643 | | | | 3,262 | |
| | Net change in receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 1,058 | | | | 3,542 | | | | (11,138 | ) |
| | Net change in accounts payable and other current and long-term liabilities | | | 7,058 | | | | (3,550 | ) | | | (2,243 | ) |
| | Loss from operations of discontinued segment | | | 646 | | | | 2,790 | | | | 53 | |
| | Net cash provided to discontinued segment | | | (257 | ) | | | (244 | ) | | | (3,104 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 111,509 | | | | 74,165 | | | | 56,128 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Cash flow from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Purchase of property and equipment | | | (58,621 | ) | | | (47,613 | ) | | | (76,548 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Marketable securities and long-term investments | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9,248 | |
| | Property and equipment | | | 12,881 | | | | 18,827 | | | | 23,781 | |
| Collections on notes receivable | | | 2,235 | | | | 5,133 | | | | 2,884 | |
| Acquisition of SBRG, net of payments made to acquire SBRG | | | — | | | | — | | | | 1,670 | |
| Increase in cash upon consolidation of variable interest entity | | | 100 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| Disposition of brand, net of cash surrendered | | | 6,954 | | | | — | | | | — | |
| Net change in other assets | | | (239 | ) | | | 4,116 | | | | 2,614 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | Net cash used in investing activities | | | (36,690 | ) | | | (19,537 | ) | | | (36,351 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash flow from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net change in bank overdraft | | | (5,018 | ) | | | (2,613 | ) | | | 3,387 | |
| Borrowings under revolving credit facility | | | 55,000 | | | | 149,500 | | | | 114,500 | |
| Repayments of borrowings under revolving credit facility | | | (40,500 | ) | | | (174,500 | ) | | | (89,500 | ) |
| Proceeds from credit facility term loan | | | 230,000 | | | | 25,000 | | | | — | |
| Repayment of credit facility term loan | | | (115,411 | ) | | | (938 | ) | | | — | |
| Repayment of senior subordinated notes due 2009 | | | (200,000 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| Proceeds from issuance of convertible debt | | | — | | | | 101,588 | | | | — | |
| Repayment of convertible subordinated notes due 2004 | | | (22,319 | ) | | | (100,000 | ) | | | (33,597 | ) |
| Repayment of other long-term debt | | | (152 | ) | | | (1,026 | ) | | | (8,124 | ) |
| Repayment of capital lease obligations | | | (7,143 | ) | | | (10,715 | ) | | | (10,329 | ) |
| Collections on officer and non-employee director notes receivable | | | 2,530 | | | | — | | | | 1,709 | |
| Payment of deferred loan fees | | | (6,193 | ) | | | (6,227 | ) | | | (5,432 | ) |
| Repurchase of common stock | | | (5,559 | ) | | | — | | | | — | |
| Exercise of stock options and conversion of convertible subordinated notes | | | 4,023 | | | | 1,218 | | | | 1,407 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | Net cash used in financing activities | | | (110,742 | ) | | | (18,713 | ) | | | (25,979 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | (35,923 | ) | | | 35,915 | | | | (6,202 | ) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | | | 54,355 | | | | 18,440 | | | | 24,642 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | | $ | 18,432 | | | $ | 54,355 | | | $ | 18,440 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
77
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Fiscal Years Ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Note 1 — Significant Accounting Policies
A summary of certain significant accounting policies not disclosed elsewhere in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements is set forth below.
CKE Restaurants, Inc. (“CKE” or the “Company”), through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, owns, operates, franchises and licenses Carl’s Jr., Hardee’s, and The Green Burrito (“Green Burrito”), which is primarily operated as a dual-brand concept with Carl’s Jr., quick-service restaurants and La Salsa Fresh Mexican Grill (“La Salsa”) restaurant concepts. Carl’s Jr. restaurants are primarily located in the Western United States, predominantly in California. Hardee’s restaurants are located throughout the Southeastern and Midwestern United States. Green Burrito restaurants are located in California. La Salsa restaurants are primarily located in California. As of January 31, 2005, the Company’s system-wide restaurant portfolio consisted of:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Green Burrito | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Company-operated | | | 428 | | | | 677 | | | | 62 | | | | 2 | | | | 1,169 | |
Franchised and licensed | | | 586 | | | | 1,357 | | | | 39 | | | | 15 | | | | 1,997 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 1,014 | | | | 2,034 | | | | 101 | | | | 17 | | | | 3,166 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CKE acquired Hardee’s in 1997. At the time Hardee’s was acquired, a turnaround of operations at Carl’s Jr. had just been completed. Hardee’s had historical trends of operational difficulties, including declining same-store sales. Management believed it could implement a strategy to counter the operational difficulties Hardee’s was experiencing. In conjunction with the Hardee’s acquisition, the Company incurred a substantial amount of long-term debt and became a highly-leveraged company. Management was unable to materially alter the declining same-store sales trend at Hardee’s in the first several fiscal years after the acquisition. In fact, the decline in same-store sales continued. Beginning with fiscal year 2000, Hardee’s operating losses resulted in the Company operating at a loss. When those operating losses arose, there was approximately $280,000 outstanding under the Company’s bank credit facility. Under these circumstances, the Company was compelled to reduce its level of bank debt and embarked upon a program to sell restaurants and non-core brands with the objectives of reducing bank debt and shifting the restaurant system mix to one that is more franchised than company-operated. Management also identified many under-performing restaurants for closure. The Company incurred net losses on the sales of restaurants, recorded charges for the estimated liability for closing restaurants and recorded charges to write-down the carrying value of certain restaurant properties as their performance did not support their carrying values. Additionally, management reduced operating costs to a level more commensurate with the revenue mix resulting from the rebalancing of its systems. The Company reported losses for each of the fiscal 2000 through 2004. While still in the midst of its Hardee’s business turnaround, the Company reported net income in fiscal 2005 due, in significant part, to improvement in financial performance of the Hardee’s restaurant concept.
| |
| Basis of Presentation and Fiscal Year |
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and certain variable interest entities of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated. The Company’s fiscal year is 52 or 53 weeks, ending the last Monday in January each year. Fiscal 2005 included 53 weeks of operations. Fiscal 2004 and 2003 each
78
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
included 52 weeks of operations. For clarity of presentation, the Company has labeled all years presented as fiscal year ended January 31.
| |
| Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements |
In March 2005, the Company identified accounting errors that occurred in fiscal 2005 and prior fiscal years resulting from improper application of the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Technical Bulletin 85-3 (“FTB 85-3”),Accounting for Operating Leases with Scheduled Rent Increases. FTB 85-3 requires accounting for straight-line rent expense to commence at the time the lessee receives full access to the leased property. With respect to leased restaurant properties, the Company typically receives full access at the time it receives building permits (in the case of land-only leases) or upon having access to the leased building (in the case of land and building leases). Historically, the Company commenced accounting for straight-line rent expense at the time the lease commenced, which is typically several months after receiving full access to the leased property.
The Company’s improper application of FTB 85-3 resulted in an understatement in rent expense, net, through fiscal 2002 in the cumulative amount of $2,381. Such misapplication also resulted in an (over)/understatement of rent expense, net, of $64, $191 and $(2) in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. For the Consolidated Financial Statements presented herein, the Company has restated its accumulated deficit, prepaid expenses and other long-term liabilities as of the end of fiscal 2002 to reflect the $2,381 cumulative understatement of rent expense, net, noted above. Because the impact of the error on fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003 was immaterial to the interim and annual periods within each of those fiscal years, the Company has recorded the entire impact on those fiscal years (a net charge of $253) within the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
The Company did not amend its previously filed Annual Report on Form 10-K/ A for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004, or its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or 10-Q/ A for fiscal 2005 since none of the differences in the prior years’ interim or annual financial statements are considered by management to be material. However, the Company determined the cumulative adjustment for the above corrections to be significant to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 results and, therefore, restated the Consolidated Balance Sheet information included in prior 10-K/ A, 10-Q/ A and 10-Q filings. Accordingly, readers of the financial statements should read the restated information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as opposed to the previously filed information.
The impacts of the restatement on the previously reported Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2004, are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Previously | | | | | |
| | Reported(1) | | | Adjustments | | | As Restated | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Prepaid expenses | | $ | 15,665 | | | $ | 101 | | | $ | 15,766 | |
Total current assets | | | 142,961 | | | | 101 | | | | 143,062 | |
Total assets | | | 730,303 | | | | 101 | | | | 730,404 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 56,077 | | | | 2,482 | | | | 58,559 | |
Total liabilities | | | 627,264 | | | | 2,482 | | | | 629,746 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (349,306 | ) | | | (2,381 | ) | | | (351,687 | ) |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 103,039 | | | | (2,381 | ) | | | 100,658 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | | 730,303 | | | | 101 | | | | 730,404 | |
| | |
| (1) | Certain amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
For purposes of reporting cash and cash equivalents, highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less, are considered cash equivalents. The carrying amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for these instruments approximate their fair value.
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market, and consist primarily of restaurant food, paper, equipment and supplies.
Costs related to the issuance of debt are deferred and amortized, utilizing the effective interest method, as a component of interest expense over the terms of the respective debt issues. Upon entering into debt financing transactions or reducing the borrowing capacity under its financing arrangements, the Company accounts for deferred financing costs in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Bulletin (“EITF”) 98-14,Debtor’s Accounting for Changes in Line of Credit or Revolving-Debt Arrangements, and EITF 96-19,Debtor’s Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments.
Assets held for sale consist of restaurant concepts and individual properties the Company has decided to divest. Such assets are classified as current assets upon meeting the requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. (“SFAS”) 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Upon classification of such assets as assets held for sale, the Company no longer depreciates such assets.
Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation, amortization and impairment write-downs. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the assets’ estimated useful lives, which generally range from three to 40 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term, as determined in accordance with SFAS 13,Accounting for Leases, as amended, which may be less than three years in some cases. In circumstances in which leasehold improvements are made during the course of a lease term such that the exercise of options available to the Company to extend the lease term becomes reasonably assured, such leasehold improvements may be amortized over periods that include one or more lease option terms.
The Company has elected to account for construction costs in a manner similar to SFAS 67,Accounting for Costs and Initial Rental Operations of Real Estate Projects. As such, costs that have a future benefit for the project(s) are capitalized. If the Company subsequently makes a determination that a site for which development costs have been capitalized will not be acquired or developed, any previously capitalized development costs are expensed and included in general and administrative expenses.
In accordance with SFAS 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is tested annually for impairment, and is tested for impairment more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the first quarter of its fiscal year. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. The
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level. The Company considers the reporting unit level to be the brand level as the components (e.g., restaurants) within each brand have similar economic characteristics, including products and services, production processes, types or classes of customers and distribution methods. The impairment test consists of two steps. First, the Company determines the fair value of a reporting unit and compares it to its carrying amount. Second, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with SFAS 141,Business Combinations. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill.
From time to time, the Company identifies under-performing restaurants that have carrying values in excess of their recoverability and, as a result, must be impaired. The Company also may close or refranchise these or other restaurants and lease or sublease the restaurant property to a franchisee or to a business other than one of the Company’s restaurant concepts. The following costs that result from these actions are recorded in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements as facility action charges, net:
| |
| (i) Impairment of long-lived assets for under-performing restaurants; |
|
| (ii) Store closure costs; |
|
| (iii) Gains (losses) on the sale of restaurants; and |
|
| (iv) Amortization of discount related to estimated liability for closing restaurants. |
Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate future cash flows, including cash flows from continuing use, terminal value, closure costs, sublease income and refranchising proceeds. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from our estimates.
| |
(i) | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
The Company adopted SFAS 144 during the first quarter of fiscal 2003. The initial adoption of SFAS 144 did not affect the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS 144 provides a single accounting model for evaluating impairment of long-lived assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization. SFAS 144 also changes the criteria for classifying an asset as held for sale, broadens the scope of businesses to be disposed of that qualify for reporting as discontinued operations and changes the timing of recognizing losses on such operations.
In accordance with SFAS 144, long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset (including the value of associated intangible assets) to its estimated undiscounted future cash flows. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. The Company typically estimates the fair value of assets to be the estimated future cash flows discounted at the applicable restaurant concept’s estimated weighted average cost of capital. Upon recording the impairment charge, the estimated fair value becomes the asset’s new cost basis.
For purposes of the recoverability analysis, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally the individual restaurant level. Trademarks and franchise rights intangible assets, however, are grouped at a higher
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
level, such as the concept level or the total company-operated restaurants or franchise operations thereof, since the Company has determined such groupings to be the lowest level at which largely independent cash flows associated with these assets can be identified.
(ii) Store Closure Costs
Management makes decisions to close restaurants based on the prospects for estimated future profitability. The Company’s senior management evaluates each restaurant’s performance no less frequently than twice per year. When restaurants continue to perform poorly, management considers the demographics associated with the location as well as the likelihood of being able to turn an unprofitable restaurant around. Based on management’s judgment, the Company estimates the future cash flows. If the Company determines that the restaurant will not be profitable or operate at break-even cash flow, within a reasonable period of time, and there are no contractual requirements to continue operating the restaurant, the Company may close the restaurant. Additionally, franchisees may close restaurants for which the Company is the primary lessee. If the franchisee cannot make payments on the lease, the Company continues making the lease payments and establishes an estimated liability for the closed restaurant if the Company decides not to operate it as a company-operated restaurant.
The Company establishes the estimated liability on the actual closure date. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 146,Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,on January 1, 2003, the Company established the estimated liability when management identified a restaurant for closure, which may or may not have been the actual closure date. The estimated liability for closing restaurants is generally based on the remaining obligation through the end of the lease term, net of estimated sublease revenues, as well as estimated maintenance costs.
The amount of the estimated liability established is the present value of these estimated future net payments. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of these liabilities is based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate at the time the liability is established, which was 8% as of January 31, 2005. The related discount is amortized and shown as an additional component of facility action charges, net in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(iii) Gains (Losses) on the Sale of Restaurants
The Company records gains and losses on the sale of restaurants as the difference between the net proceeds received and net carrying values of the net assets of the restaurants sold.
(iv) Amortization of Discount Related to Estimated Liability for Closing Restaurants
The Company records this amortization as a component of facility action charges, net.
The Company has adopted FASB Interpretation 45,Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness to Others, an interpretation of SFAS 5, SFAS 57 and SFAS 107 and a recission of FASB Interpretation 34(“FIN 45”). FIN 45 elaborates on the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its obligations under guarantees issued. FIN 45 also clarifies that a guarantor is required to recognize, at inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of certain obligations undertaken. The initial recognition and measurement provisions were applicable to certain guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. While the nature of the Company’s business results in the issuance of certain guarantees from time to time, the adoption and subsequent application of FIN 45 did not have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company assesses each loss contingency to determine estimates of the degree of probability and range of possible settlement. Those contingencies deemed to be probable, and where the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated, are accrued in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company does not record liabilities for losses it believes are only reasonably possible to result in an adverse outcome, which is in accordance with SFAS 5,Accounting for Contingencies. See Note 25 for further discussion.
The Company is self-insured for a portion of its current and prior years’ losses related to worker’s compensation, auto, property and general liability insurance programs. The Company has obtained stop-loss insurance for claims over $500. Insurance liabilities are accounted for based on the present value of independent actuarial estimates of the amount of loss incurred, utilizing an approximate risk-free interest rate of 4.5% as of January 31, 2005. These estimates rely on actuarial observations of historical claim loss development. Actual claim loss development may be better or worse than these estimates.
Within its semi-annual actuary reports, the Company’s actuary provides a range of estimated unpaid losses for each insurance category. Using these estimates, the Company records adjustments to its insurance accrued liabilities, if necessary, to bring each accrual balance within the actuary’s related range. If the Company’s accrued liability exceeds the high end of the range, the Company records a credit to reduce the insurance accrued liability to the high end of the range. If the Company’s accrued liability is below the low end of the range, the Company records a charge to increase the insurance accrued liability to the low end of the range. Then, based upon projected future self-insurance expenses and adjusted insurance accrual balances relative to the midpoint of the actuary’s range, the Company adjusts its accrual rates for each insurance category prospectively to bring the respective accrued liabilities toward the midpoints of the actuary’s respective ranges.
| |
| Leases and Leasehold Improvements |
The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with SFAS 13,Accounting for Leases, as amended, and other related guidance. At the inception of the lease, each property is evaluated to determine whether the lease will be accounted for as an operating or capital lease. When determining the lease term, the Company includes option periods for which failure to renew the lease imposes a penalty on the Company in such an amount that a renewal appears, at the inception of the lease, to be reasonably assured. The primary penalty to which the Company is subject is the economic detriment associated with the existence of leasehold improvements which might be impaired if the Company chooses not to continue the use of the leased property.
The Company records rent expense for leases that contain scheduled rent increases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The lease term used for straight-line rent expense is calculated from the date the Company takes possession of the leased premises through the end of the lease term, as established in accordance with SFAS 13, which may include a rent holiday period prior to the Company opening the restaurant on the leased premises. The lease term used for this evaluation also provides the basis for establishing depreciable lives for buildings subject to lease and leasehold improvements, as well as the period over which the Company records straight-line rent expense. Contingent rentals are generally based on sales levels in excess of stipulated amounts, and thus are not considered minimum lease payments and are included in rent expense as they accrue. The Company generally does not receive rent concessions or leasehold improvement incentives upon opening a store that is subject to a lease.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
| Franchise and Licensed Operations |
The Company executes franchise or license agreements for each brand that set out the terms of its arrangement with the franchisee or licensee. The Company’s franchise and certain license agreements require the franchisee or licensee to pay an initial, non-refundable fee and continuing fees based upon a percentage of gross sales. Subject to the Company’s approval and payment of renewal fee, a franchisee may generally renew the franchise agreement upon its expiration.
The Company incurs expenses that benefit both its franchisee and licensee communities. These expenses, along with other costs of sales and servicing of franchise and license agreements, are charged to franchising expense as incurred. Net franchise and license income also includes rent income from leasing or subleasing restaurants to franchisees net of the related occupancy costs. If the Company leases restaurants to a franchisee that results in a probable loss over the term of the lease, a lease subsidy allowance is established at inception and charged to facility action charges, net.
The Company monitors the financial condition of its franchisees and records provisions and estimated losses on receivables when management believes that certain franchisees are unable to make their required payments. Each individual franchisee’s account is reviewed quarterly, focusing on those that are past due and, if necessary, an estimated loss is calculated. The total of the estimated losses is then compared to the allowance for bad debts recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and an adjustment, if any, is recorded. At the time a franchisee becomes 90 days delinquent, the Company ceases recording royalties and rental income and reverses royalties and rent income accrued during the then current fiscal quarter. Royalties and rental income are thereafter recognized on a cash basis and are not accrued as accounts receivable until there is a history of timely payments.
Depending on the facts and circumstances, there are a number of different actions that may be taken to resolve collection issues. These include the sale of franchise restaurants to the Company or to other franchisees, a modification to the franchise agreement, which may include a provision for reduced royalty rates in the future (if royalty rates are not sufficient to cover the Company’s costs of service over the life of the franchise agreement, the Company records the estimated loss at the time it modifies the agreement), a restructuring of the franchisee’s business and/ or finances (including the restructuring of leases for which the Company is the primary obligee) or, if necessary, the termination of the franchise agreement. The amount of the allowance established is based on the Company’s assessment of the most probable action that will occur.
Revenues for company-operated restaurants are recognized upon the sale of food or beverage to a customer in the restaurant. Revenues from franchised and licensed restaurants include continuing rent and service fees, initial fees and royalties. Continuing fees and royalties are recognized in the period earned. Initial fees are recognized upon the opening of a restaurant, which is when the Company has performed substantially all initial services required by the franchise agreement. Renewal fees are recognized when a renewal agreement becomes effective. Rental income is recognized in the period earned. Sales of food and equipment to franchisees are recognized at the time of delivery to the franchisee.
The Company utilizes a single advertising fund (the “Carl’s Jr. Fund”) to administer its Carl’s Jr. advertising programs and a national and several local co-operative advertising funds (the “Hardee’s Funds”) to administer its Hardee’s advertising programs. As the contributions to these cooperatives are designated and segregated for advertising, the Company acts as an agent for the franchisees and licensees with regard to these contributions. The Company consolidates the Carl’s Jr. Fund into its financial statements on a net basis, whereby contributions from franchisees, when received, are recorded as offsets to the Company’s reported
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
advertising expenses, in accordance with SFAS 45,Accounting for Franchisee Fee Revenue. As discussed in Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements within this Note 1, the Company began to consolidate the Hardee’s Funds as of the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2005, also on a net basis.
The Company charges Carl’s Jr. and La Salsa marketing costs to expense ratably in relation to revenues over the year in which incurred and, in the case of advertising production costs, when the commercial is first aired. To the extent the Company participates in Hardee’s advertising cooperatives, its contributions are expensed as incurred.
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method in accordance with SFAS 109,Accounting for Income Taxes. The Company estimates its income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves estimating actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items, such as depreciation, estimated liability for closing restaurants, estimated liabilities for self-insurance, tax credits and operating losses for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included net of valuation allowances within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The recovery of net tax assets is evaluated using the “more likely than not” criterion contained in SFAS 109.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company’s most significant areas of estimation are:
| | |
| • | estimation of future cash flows used to assess the recoverability of long-lived assets, including goodwill, and establish the estimated liability for closing restaurants; |
|
| • | determination of the appropriate allowances associated with franchise and license receivables; |
|
| • | estimation, using actuarially determined methods, of its self-insured claim losses under its worker’s compensation, auto and general liability insurance programs; |
|
| • | determination of the appropriate estimated liabilities for loss contingencies; |
|
| • | determination of the appropriate assumptions to use to estimate the fair value of stock-based compensation for purposes of disclosures of pro forma net income; |
|
| • | estimation of its net deferred income tax asset valuation allowance; and |
|
| • | estimation of the fair value of subordinated financial support provided to variable interest entities in which the Company has an interest for purposes of determining whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity. |
85
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company presents “basic” and “diluted” income (loss) per share. Basic income (loss) per share represents net income (loss) divided by weighted-average shares outstanding. Diluted income (loss) per share represents net income (loss) divided by weighted-average shares outstanding including all potentially dilutive securities and excluding all potentially anti-dilutive securities.
The table below presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands except per share amounts) | |
Net income (loss) for computation of basic earnings per share | | $ | 18,016 | | | $ | (53,220 | ) | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
Weighted average shares for computation of basic earnings per share | | | 57,615 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 56,649 | |
Basic net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | (0.92 | ) | | $ | (2.76 | ) |
Net income (loss) for computation of diluted earnings per share | | $ | 18,016 | | | $ | (53,220 | ) | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
Weighted average shares for computation of basic earnings per share | | | 57,615 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 56,649 | |
Dilutive effect of stock options | | | 1,968 | | | | — | | | | 1,475 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares for computation of diluted earnings per share | | | 59,583 | | | | 57,536 | | | | 58,124 | |
Diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.30 | | | $ | (0.92 | ) | | $ | (2.69 | ) |
The following table presents the number of potentially dilutive shares, in thousands, of the Company’s common stock excluded from the computation of diluted income (loss) per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
2004 Convertible Notes | | | — | | | | 2,258 | | | | 3,191 | |
2023 Convertible Notes | | | 11,811 | | | | 1,112 | | | | — | |
Stock Options | | | 2,813 | | | | 4,860 | | | | 4,658 | |
Warrants | | | 982 | | | | 982 | | | | 982 | |
At January 31, 2005, the Company had several stock-based employee compensation plans in effect, which are described more fully in Note 22. The Company accounts for those plans under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees(“APB 25”), and related Interpretations. No stock-based employee compensation cost is reflected in net income (loss) for options granted under these plans, as all such options had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant.
In December 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS 148,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure. SFAS 148 amends SFAS 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair-value method for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, SFAS 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. Disclosures required by this standard are included below.
For purposes of the following pro forma disclosures required by SFAS 148 and SFAS 123, the fair value of each option has been estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility, the risk-free rate and the expected term of the option. Because the Company’s stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the value of an estimate, in management’s opinion, the Black-Scholes model does not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.
The assumptions used for grants in the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Annual dividends | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Expected volatility (based on the historical volatility for a term matched to the expected life of all options outstanding) | | | 68.0 | % | | | 140.8 | % | | | 29.5 | % |
Risk-free interest rate (matched to the expected term of the outstanding option) | | | 3.71 | % | | | 2.12 | % | | | 2.97 | % |
Expected life of all options outstanding (years) | | | 5.34 | | | | 5.45 | | | | 5.30 | |
Weighted-average fair value of each option granted | | $ | 7.15 | | | $ | 5.20 | | | $ | 6.33 | |
The assumptions used to determine the fair value of each option granted are highly subjective. Changes in the assumptions used would affect the fair value of the options granted as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Increase/(Decrease) in | |
| | Fair Value of Options Granted | |
| | | |
Change in Assumption | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
10% increase in expected volatility | | $ | 0.63 | | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.15 | |
1% increase in risk-free interest rate | | | 0.11 | | | | 0.01 | | | | 0.02 | |
1 year increase in expected life of all options outstanding | | | 0.47 | | | | 0.14 | | | | 0.19 | |
10% decrease in expected volatility | | | (0.69 | ) | | | (0.15 | ) | | | (0.17 | ) |
1% decrease in risk-free interest rate | | | (0.12 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) | | | (0.02 | ) |
1 year decrease in expected life of all options outstanding | | | (0.56 | ) | | | (0.21 | ) | | | (0.27 | ) |
87
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table reconciles reported net income (loss) to pro forma net income (loss) assuming compensation expense for stock-based compensation had been recognized in accordance with SFAS 123 for fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss), as reported | | $ | 18,016 | | | $ | (53,220 | ) | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method | | | (4,651 | ) | | | (2,956 | ) | | | (2,496 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) — pro forma | | $ | 13,365 | | | $ | (56,176 | ) | | $ | (159,115 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per common share: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic — as reported | | $ | 0.31 | | | $ | (0.92 | ) | | $ | (2.76 | ) |
| Basic — pro forma | | | 0.23 | | | | (0.98 | ) | | | (2.81 | ) |
| Diluted — as reported | | | 0.30 | | | | (0.92 | ) | | | (2.69 | ) |
| Diluted — pro forma | | | 0.22 | | | | (0.98 | ) | | | (2.74 | ) |
| |
| Derivative Financial Instruments |
The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading purposes and it has procedures in place to monitor and control their use. The Company’s only current derivative instruments are interest rate cap agreements entered into with financial institutions.
The Company accounts for these derivative financial instruments in accordance with SFAS 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS 133”) as amended by SFAS 149,Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities(“SFAS 149”). SFAS 133 requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. The Company’s interest rate cap agreements are not designated as hedging instruments. Accordingly, the gain or loss as a result of the change in fair value is recognized in the results of operations immediately. See Note 12 for a discussion of the Company’s use of interest rate cap agreements.
Accounts receivable consists primarily of amounts due from franchisees and licensees for initial and continuing fees. In addition, we have notes and lease receivables from certain of our franchisees. The financial condition of these franchisees and licensees is largely dependent upon the underlying business trends of our brands. This concentration of credit risk is mitigated, in part, by the large number of franchisees and licensees of each brand and the short-term nature of the franchise and license fee receivables.
Credit risk from interest rate cap agreements is dependent both on movement in interest rates and the possibility of non-payment by counterparties. We mitigate credit risk by entering into these agreements with high-quality counterparties.
The Company did not have any other comprehensive income items requiring reporting under SFAS 130,Reporting Comprehensive Income.
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker(s) in deciding how to allocate
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s segments are determined at the brand level (see Note��21).
Prior year amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
| |
| Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted |
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123 (Revised 2004),Share-Based Payment(“SFAS 123R”), which replaces SFAS 123, supersedes APB 25 and related interpretations and amends SFAS 95,Statement of Cash Flows. The provisions of SFAS 123R are similar to those of SFAS 123, however, SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements as compensation cost based on their fair value on the date of grant. Fair value of share-based awards will be determined using option-pricing models (e.g. Black-Scholes or binomial models) and assumptions that appropriately reflect the specific circumstances of the awards. Compensation cost will be recognized over the vesting period based on the fair value of awards that actually vest.
The Company will be required to choose between the modified-prospective and modified-retrospective transition alternatives in adopting SFAS 123R. Under the modified-prospective-transition method, compensation cost would be recognized in financial statements issued subsequent to the date of adoption for all shared-based payments granted, modified or settled after the date of adoption, as well as for any unvested awards that were granted prior to the date of adoption. As the Company previously adopted only the pro forma disclosure provisions of SFAS 123, it will recognize compensation cost relating to the unvested portion of awards granted prior to the date of adoption using the same estimate of the grant-date fair value and the same attribution method used to determine the pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123. Under the modified-retrospective-transition method compensation cost would be recognized in a manner consistent with the modified-prospective-transition method, however, prior period financial statements would also be restated by recognizing compensation cost as previously reported in the pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123. The restatement provisions can be applied to either a) all periods presented or b) to the beginning of the fiscal year in which SFAS 123R is adopted.
SFAS 123R is effective at the beginning of the first annual period beginning after June 15, 2005 (fiscal 2007 for the Company) and early adoption is encouraged. The Company will evaluate the use of certain option-pricing models as well as the assumptions to be used in such models. When such evaluation is complete, the Company will determine the transition method to use and the timing of adoption. The Company does not currently anticipate that the impact on net income on a full year basis of the adoption of SFAS 123R will be significantly different from the historical pro forma impacts as disclosed in accordance with SFAS 123.
| |
| Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements |
On May 17, 2004, the Company completed adoption of FASB Interpretation 46,Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities — an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin (“ARB”) No. 51(“FIN 46”).
The FASB issued FIN 46 in January 2003. This interpretation clarifies the application of the majority voting interest requirement of ARB No. 51,Consolidated Financial Statements, to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 requires the consolidation of these entities, known as variable interest entities (“VIEs”), by the primary beneficiary of the entity. The primary beneficiary is the entity, if any, that is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the VIE’s activities, entitled to receive a majority of the VIE’s residual returns, or both.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
FIN 46 could be applied prospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date on which it was first applied or by restating previously issued financial statements for one or more years with a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the beginning of the first year restated. FIN 46 was applicable immediately to variable interests in VIEs created after January 31, 2003.
During the course of 2003, the FASB proposed modifications to FIN 46 and issued FASB Staff Positions (“FSPs”) that changed and clarified FIN 46. These modifications and FSPs were subsequently incorporated into FIN 46 (revised) (“FIN 46R”), which was issued on December 23, 2003, and replaced FIN 46. FIN 46R excludes operating businesses, as defined, from its scope subject to four conditions, and states the provisions of FIN 46R need not be applied to interests in VIEs created or obtained prior to December 31, 2003, if a company is unable, subject to making and continuing to make an exhaustive effort, to obtain the information necessary to determine whether the entity is a VIE, determine whether the company is the VIE’s primary beneficiary or perform the accounting required to consolidate the VIE.
The principal entities in which the Company possesses a variable interest include franchise entities, which operate its franchised restaurants. The Company does not possess any ownership interests in its franchisees. Additionally, the Company generally does not provide financial support to its franchisees in a typical franchise relationship. Also, the Company’s franchise agreements generally do not require its franchisees to provide the timely financial information necessary to apply the provisions of FIN 46R to its franchisees.
Upon the final adoption of FIN 46R on May 17, 2004, the Company consolidated one franchise entity that operates six Hardee’s restaurants. The Company subleases to this franchise entity all of its six operating locations and a substantial portion of its operating equipment, and this franchise entity received no equity contribution from its principals upon its inception. Because the principals did not invest a significant amount of equity, the legal entity within which this franchise operates is considered to be inadequately capitalized and, as a result, is a VIE. Because of the relatively significant financial support the Company provides to this franchise, the Company determined it is the primary beneficiary of this VIE. The assets and liabilities of this entity included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2005, are as follows:
| | | | |
ASSETS: | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 100 | |
Accounts receivable | | | 1 | |
Inventories | | | 62 | |
Prepaid expenses | | | 19 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 86 | |
Other assets | | | 15 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 283 | |
| | | |
LIABILITIES: | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 44 | |
Other current liabilities | | | 178 | |
Other long-term debt | | | 34 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 27 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 283 | |
| | | |
The operating results of this franchise entity are included within the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, and are not significant. The minority interest in the income of this franchise entity is classified in other expense in the accompanying Consolidated
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Statement of Operations for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, and in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2005, and also is not significant.
Although this franchise entity has been included in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2005, the Company has no rights to the assets, nor does it have any obligation with respect to the liabilities, of this franchise entity. None of the Company’s assets serve as collateral for the creditors of this franchisee or any of its other franchisees.
There is also a portion of franchised restaurants that are VIEs for which the Company holds a significant variable interest, but for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary. The Company holds one or more forms of variable interest in 11 franchise entities that combine to operate 0.9% of all Hardee’s and 30.0% of all Carl’s Jr. franchise restaurants as of January 31, 2005. The Company’s significant exposures related to these VIEs and other franchisees relate to the collection of amounts due to the Company, which are collected weekly or monthly, guarantees of franchisee debt that the Company provides to third party lenders (see Note 25), and primary lease obligations or fee property ownership underlying sublease and lease arrangements that the Company has with several of its franchisees (see Note 8).
The Company utilizes various advertising funds to administer its advertising programs. The Carl’s Jr. National Advertising Fund (“CJNAF”) is Carl’s Jr.’s sole cooperative advertising program. As the contributions to this cooperative are designated and segregated for advertising, the Company acts as an agent for the franchisees and licensees with regard to these contributions. In accordance with SFAS 45,Accounting for Franchisee Fee Revenue, contributions from franchisees, when received, are recorded as offsets to the Company’s reported advertising expenses in its Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Hardee’s cooperative advertising funds consist of the Hardee’s National Advertising Fund (“HNAF”) and approximately 85 local advertising cooperative funds (“Co-op Funds”). Each of these funds is a separate non-profit association with all proceeds segregated and managed by a third-party accounting service company. Upon final adoption of FIN 46R, the Company consolidated all of the Hardee’s cooperative advertising funds. The Company has included $21,951 of advertising fund assets, restricted, and advertising fund liabilities in its accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2005. Beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company reported the Hardee’s cooperative advertising in its Consolidated Statements of Operations on a net basis, whereby, in accordance with SFAS 45, the Company does not reflect licensee contributions as revenue, but rather as an offset to its reported advertising expenses.
Advertising fund assets, restricted, and advertising fund liabilities as of December 31, 2004, the most recent date through which financial statements are available, are included in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2005, and consisted of the following:
| | | | |
ADVERTISING FUND ASSETS, RESTRICTED: | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 17,294 | |
Accounts and notes receivable, net(1) | | | 4,126 | |
Other assets | | | 531 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 21,951 | |
| | | |
ADVERTISING FUND LIABILITIES: | | | | |
Accounts payable and other liabilities | | $ | 9,412 | |
Deferred obligations | | | 12,539 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 21,951 | |
| | | |
| |
(1) | Excludes $1,903 of accounts receivable from Hardee’s company-operated restaurants, which is eliminated in consolidation. |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company elected to apply FIN 46R prospectively with respect to the newly consolidated entities noted above and, upon final adoption thereof, had no cumulative-effect adjustment.
In October 2004, the FASB ratified the consensus reached by the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) on Issue 04-1Accounting for Preexisting Relationships between the Parties to a Business Combination(“EITF 04-1”). EITF 04-1 requires that a business combination between two parties that have a preexisting relationship be evaluated to determine if a settlement of a preexisting relationship exists. EITF 04-1 also requires that certain reacquired rights (including the rights to the acquirer’s trade name under a franchise agreement) be recognized as intangible assets apart from goodwill. However, if a contract giving rise to the reacquired rights includes terms that are favorable or unfavorable when compared to pricing for current market transactions for the same or similar items, EITF 04-1 requires that a settlement gain or loss should be measured as the lesser of a) the amount by which the contract is favorable or unfavorable to market terms from the perspective of the acquirer or b) the stated settlement provisions of the contract available to the counterparty to which the contract is unfavorable.
EITF 04-1 was effective prospectively for business combinations consummated in reporting periods beginning after October 13, 2004 (the fiscal quarter beginning November 2, 2004 for the Company). EITF 04-1 applies to acquisitions of restaurants the Company may make from its franchisees or licensees. The Company currently attempts to have its franchisees or licensees enter into standard franchise or license agreements for the applicable brand and/or market when renewing or entering into a new agreement. However, in certain instances franchisees or licensees have existing agreements that possess terms, including royalty rates, that differ from the Company’s current standard agreements for the applicable brand and/or market. If in the future the Company were to acquire a franchisee or licensee with such an existing agreement, the Company would be required to record a settlement gain or loss at the date of acquisition. The amount and timing of any such gains or losses the Company might record is dependent upon which franchisees or licensees the Company might acquire and when they are acquired. Accordingly, any impact cannot be currently determined. The Company has not entered into any business combinations subsequent to its adoption of EITF 04-1.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company adopted SFAS 146,Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. SFAS 146 supersedes EITF 94-3,Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (Including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring), and requires that a liability for a cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is incurred. Such liabilities should be recorded at fair value and updated for any changes in the fair value each period. This change was effective for new exit or disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. SFAS 146 changed the timing of expense recognition for certain costs the Company incurs while closing restaurants or undertaking other exit or disposal activities.
The timing difference can be significant. The following table provides a reconciliation of the reported net loss for fiscal 2003 to the net loss for fiscal 2003 adjusted as though SFAS 146 had been effective for that fiscal year:
| | | | |
Reported net loss | | $ | (156,619 | ) |
Net effect of retroactive application of SFAS 146 | | | (499 | ) |
| | | |
Pro forma net loss | | $ | (157,118 | ) |
| | | |
On March 1, 2002, the Company acquired Santa Barbara Restaurant Group Inc. (“SBRG”). SBRG owned, operated and franchised the Green Burrito, La Salsa and Timber Lodge restaurant chains. As noted in Note 6 herein, the Company sold the Timber Lodge restaurant chain in September 2004. Through the
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Company’s dual-branding relationship with the GB Franchise Corporation, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of SBRG, Carl’s Jr. was SBRG’s largest franchisee. At the time of the acquisition, SBRG was a related party to the Company (see Note 16). The Company acquired SBRG for strategic purposes, which included gaining control of the Green Burrito brand, eliminating the payment of royalties on franchised restaurants, investing in the fast-casual segment, which is an emerging competitor to the quick-service restaurant segment, and providing the Company with a growth opportunity in the “Fresh Mex” segment with La Salsa. The results of operations of SBRG (excluding the operations of Timber Lodge, which are classified as discontinued operations) are included in the operating results for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005 and 2004 and the period March 1, 2002 through January 31, 2003. The purchase price consisted of 6,352,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, warrants to purchase 982,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and options to purchase 1,663,000 shares of the Company’s common stock valued in total at $78,815, plus transaction costs of $1,465.
The final allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired, including goodwill and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of SBRG, was as follows:
| | | | |
Current assets | | $ | 3,074 | |
Property and equipment | | | 11,023 | |
Goodwill | | | 44,729 | |
Net assets held for sale | | | 9,835 | |
Other assets | | | 23,782 | |
| | | |
Total assets acquired | | | 92,443 | |
| | | |
Current liabilities | | | 5,471 | |
Long-term debt, excluding current portion | | | 6,500 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 192 | |
| | | |
Total liabilities assumed | | | 12,163 | |
| | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 80,280 | |
| | | |
The Company acquired identifiable intangible assets as a result of the acquisition of SBRG. The intangible assets acquired, included in other assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, excluding goodwill, are classified and valued as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
Intangible Asset | | Amortization Period | | | |
| | | | | |
Trademarks | | | 20 years | | | $ | 17,171 | |
Franchise agreements | | | 20 years | | | | 1,780 | |
Favorable leases | | | 3 to 18 years | | | | 3,132 | |
| | | | | | |
Total intangible assets acquired | | | | | | $ | 22,083 | |
| | | | | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Selected unaudited pro forma combined results of operations for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2003, assuming the SBRG acquisition occurred at the beginning of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2003, using actual restaurant-level margins and general and administrative expenses prior to the acquisition, are as follows:
| | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 1,364,702 | |
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | 17,952 | |
Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | (175,780 | ) |
| | | |
Net loss | | $ | (157,828 | ) |
| | | |
Basic income (loss) per common share: | | | | |
| Income before cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | $ | 0.32 | |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | (3.08 | ) |
| | | |
| Net loss | | $ | (2.76 | ) |
| | | |
Diluted income (loss) per common share: | | | | |
| Income before cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | $ | 0.31 | |
| Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | (3.00 | ) |
| | | |
| Net loss | | $ | (2.69 | ) |
| | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding: | | | | |
| Basic | | | 57,139 | |
| Dilutive effect of stock options | | | 1,475 | |
| | | |
| Diluted | | | 58,614 | |
| | | |
Note 3 — Goodwill
During the first quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company adopted SFAS 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which supercedes APB Opinion 17,Intangible Assets,and certain provisions of SFAS 121,Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of. SFAS 142 requires that goodwill and other intangibles be reported separately; eliminates the requirement to amortize goodwill and indefinite-lived assets; addresses the amortization of intangible assets with a defined life; and addresses impairment testing and recognition of goodwill and intangible assets. SFAS 142 changed the method of accounting for the recoverability of goodwill for the Company, such that it is evaluated at the brand level based upon the estimated fair value of the brand. Fair value can be determined based on discounted cash flows, on comparable sales or valuations of other restaurant brands. In the past, the Company allocated goodwill to each restaurant and evaluated the recoverability of goodwill on a restaurant-by-restaurant basis. Under SFAS 142, the valuation methodology is significantly different. The impairment review involves a two-step process as discussed further in Note 1.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company completed its annual assessment of the valuation of the Carl’s Jr. brand. That assessment concluded that the fair value of the brand exceeded the carrying value and no impairment was recorded.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2004, the Company completed its annual assessment of the valuation of the Carl’s Jr. and La Salsa brands assisted by an outside corporate valuation consulting firm. That assessment concluded that the fair value of the brands exceeded the carrying value and no impairment was recorded.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2004, based on the deterioration of La Salsa’s business during fiscal 2004 and the reduction in future growth plans, the Company determined that certain triggering events
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
occurred under SFAS 142. Accordingly, the Company completed another assessment of the valuation of the La Salsa brand assisted by an outside corporate consulting valuation firm. That assessment concluded that the carrying value of the brand exceeded the fair value and that the value of La Salsa’s goodwill was $0. Accordingly, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $34,059 representing the write-off of all of the goodwill associated with the acquisition of La Salsa.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2003, the Company completed its initial SFAS 142 transitional impairment test of goodwill which included an assessment of the valuation of the Hardee’s brand provided by an outside corporate valuation consulting firm. This resulted in recording an impairment charge of $175,780, representing the write-off of all of the goodwill related to the Hardee’s brand as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting. The impairment charge resulted from the Company’s adoption of SFAS 142, as prior analyses performed under SFAS 121 did not indicate the value of Hardee’s goodwill had suffered impairment to that level. The Company’s internal assessment of the valuation of the Carl’s Jr. brand at that time resulted in no adjustment to the net carrying amount of goodwill.
The changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill for fiscal 2003, 2004 and 2005 are as follows:
| | | | |
| | Amount | |
| | | |
Balance as of January 31, 2002 | | $ | 186,868 | |
Recording of goodwill related to acquisition of SBRG | | | 44,729 | |
Recording of goodwill related to acquisitions of franchised restaurants | | | 891 | |
Cumulative effect of accounting change for goodwill | | | (175,780 | ) |
| | | |
Balance as of January 31, 2003 | | | 56,708 | |
Impairment of goodwill associated with La Salsa | | | (34,059 | ) |
| | | |
Balance as of January 31, 2004 | | | 22,649 | |
No activity in fiscal 2005 | | | — | |
| | | |
Balance as of January 31, 2005 | | $ | 22,649 | |
| | | |
| |
Note 4 — | Facility Action Charges, Net |
A summary of the impact of facility actions on the reduction to each brand’s company-operated restaurant count is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sold | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 15 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | — | |
Closed | | | 5 | | | | 46 | | | | 2 | | | | 4 | | | | 15 | | | | 4 | | | | 3 | | | | 23 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 5 | | | | 46 | | | | 2 | | | | 19 | | | | 15 | | | | 4 | | | | 5 | | | | 24 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The components of facility action charges (gains) for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Carl’s Jr. | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | $ | 269 | | | $ | 3,075 | | | $ | 194 | |
| Unfavorable (favorable) dispositions of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | 120 | | | | (767 | ) | | | (273 | ) |
| Impairment of assets to be disposed of | | | 28 | | | | — | | | | 437 | |
| Impairment of assets to be held and used | | | 2,693 | | | | 1,228 | | | | 850 | |
| Gain on sales of restaurants and surplus property, net | | | (611 | ) | | | (1,667 | ) | | | (422 | ) |
| Amortization of discount related to estimated liability for closing restaurants | | | 295 | | | | 323 | | | | 481 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 2,794 | | | | 2,192 | | | | 1,267 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Hardee’s | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 5,247 | | | | 2,631 | | | | 1,187 | |
| Favorable dispositions of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | (1,364 | ) | | | (6,952 | ) | | | (2,416 | ) |
| Impairment of assets to be disposed of | | | 683 | | | | 11,365 | | | | 2,581 | |
| Impairment of assets to be held and used | | | 2,428 | | | | 4,942 | | | | 3,855 | |
| | (Gain) loss on sales of restaurants and surplus property, net | | | (917 | ) | | | 1,459 | | | | (3,571 | ) |
| Amortization of discount related to estimated liability for closing restaurants | | | 1,011 | | | | 2,248 | | | | 2,291 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 7,088 | | | | 15,693 | | | | 3,927 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
La Salsa and Other | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 1,074 | | | | 121 | | | | — | |
| Unfavorable (favorable) dispositions of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | 172 | | | | (846 | ) | | | — | |
| Impairment of assets to be disposed of | | | 755 | | | | 1 | | | | — | |
| Impairment of assets to be held and used | | | 2,434 | | | | 429 | | | | — | |
| (Gain) loss on sales of restaurants and surplus properties, net | | | (3 | ) | | | 185 | | | | — | |
| Amortization of discount related to estimated liability for closing restaurants | | | 6 | | | | 1 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 4,438 | | | | (109 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 6,590 | | | | 5,827 | | | | 1,381 | |
| Favorable dispositions of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | (1,072 | ) | | | (8,565 | ) | | | (2,689 | ) |
| Impairment of assets to be disposed of | | | 1,466 | | | | 11,366 | | | | 3,018 | |
| Impairment of assets to be held and used | | | 7,555 | | | | 6,599 | | | | 4,705 | |
| Gain on sales of restaurants and surplus property, net | | | (1,531 | ) | | | (23 | ) | | | (3,993 | ) |
| Amortization of discount related to estimated liability for closing restaurants | | | 1,312 | | | | 2,572 | | | | 2,772 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 14,320 | | | $ | 17,776 | | | $ | 5,194 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Impairments recorded as facility action charges were recorded against the following asset categories:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | $ | 2,721 | | | $ | 657 | | | $ | 1,287 | |
| Hardee’s | | | 2,868 | | | | 13,292 | | | | 6,436 | |
| La Salsa | | | 3,189 | | | | 430 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 8,778 | | | | 14,379 | | | | 7,723 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Property under capital leases | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | | — | | | | 571 | | | | — | |
| Hardee’s | | | 225 | | | | 2,536 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 225 | | | | 3,107 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Favorable lease rights | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Hardee’s | | | 18 | | | | 479 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Carl’s Jr. | | | 2,721 | | | | 1,228 | | | | 1,287 | |
| Hardee’s | | | 3,111 | | | | 16,307 | | | | 6,436 | |
| La Salsa | | | 3,189 | | | | 430 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 9,021 | | | $ | 17,965 | | | $ | 7,723 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The following table summarizes the activity in our estimated liability for closing restaurants:
| | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2002 | | $ | 49,258 | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 1,381 | |
| Usage | | | (14,632 | ) |
| Favorable disposition of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | (2,689 | ) |
| Amortization of discount and other | | | 3,072 | |
| | | |
Balance at January 31, 2003 | | | 36,390 | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 5,827 | |
| Usage | | | (13,899 | ) |
| Favorable disposition of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | (8,565 | ) |
| Amortization of discount and other | | | 2,572 | |
| | | |
Balance at January 31, 2004 | | | 22,325 | |
| New decisions regarding closing restaurants | | | 6,590 | |
| Usage | | | (11,280 | ) |
| Favorable disposition of leased and fee surplus properties, net | | | (1,072 | ) |
| Amortization of discount | | | 1,312 | |
| | | |
Balance at January 31, 2005 | | | 17,875 | |
| Current portion | | | 5,261 | |
| | | |
| Long-term portion | | $ | 12,614 | |
| | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
Note 5 — | Accounts Receivable, Net |
Accounts receivable, net as of January 31, 2005 and 2004 consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Trade receivables | | $ | 26,400 | | | $ | 27,092 | |
Refundable income taxes | | | 4,508 | | | | 1,142 | |
Notes receivable, current portion | | | 2,680 | | | | 3,681 | |
Other | | | 153 | | | | 227 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | | (2,542 | ) | | | (5,580 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 31,199 | | | $ | 26,562 | |
| | | | | | |
The long-term portion of notes receivable, net consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Franchisees | | $ | 8,259 | | | $ | 6,299 | |
Employees | | | 94 | | | | 149 | |
Other | | | 2,056 | | | | 2,055 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | | (7,081 | ) | | | (6,186 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 3,328 | | | $ | 2,317 | |
| | | | | | |
The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accounts | | | Notes | | | |
| | Receivable | | | Receivable | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2002 | | $ | 6,702 | | | $ | 11,078 | | | $ | 17,780 | |
| Recovery of provision | | | (882 | ) | | | (316 | ) | | | (1,198 | ) |
| Charge-offs | | | (1,110 | ) | | | (5,358 | ) | | | (6,468 | ) |
| Recoveries | | | 313 | | | | — | | | | 313 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2003 | | | 5,023 | | | | 5,404 | | | | 10,427 | |
| Provision | | | 789 | | | | 1,471 | | | | 2,260 | |
| Charge-offs | | | (552 | ) | | | (689 | ) | | | (1,241 | ) |
| Recoveries | | | 320 | | | | — | | | | 320 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2004 | | | 5,580 | | | | 6,186 | | | | 11,766 | |
| Provision (recovery of provision) | | | (2,835 | ) | | | 895 | | | | (1,940 | ) |
| Charge-offs | | | (334 | ) | | | — | | | | (334 | ) |
| Recoveries | | | 131 | | | | — | | | | 131 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at January 31, 2005 | | $ | 2,542 | | | $ | 7,081 | | | $ | 9,623 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |
Note 6 — | Net Assets Held for Sale |
The Company made the decision to divest Timber Lodge as the concept did not fit with its core concepts of quick-service and fast-casual restaurants. On September 3, 2004, the Company sold Timber Lodge to T-Lodge Acquisition Corp. for $8,816. The Company received $6,954 in cash and accepted two secured notes aggregating approximately $1,862 from the buyer. The notes are both secured by the personal property of T-Lodge Acquisition Corp. and are comprised of (i) a $1,000 note maturing on January 1, 2009, with annual principal installments of $200 leading up to the maturity date, and bearing interest of 8.0%, payable monthly,
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
and (ii) an $862 note with a balloon principal payment due on September 3, 2005, and bearing interest, payable monthly, of 9.0%. The Company received payment of $200 for the first annual principal installment on the $1,000 note in January 2005. T-Lodge Acquisition Corp. is a privately-held corporation whose owners include certain members of the management team of Timber Lodge and other investors. Assets held for sale as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Assets held for sale: | | | | | | | | |
| Total assets of Timber Lodge | | $ | — | | | $ | 15,930 | |
| Surplus restaurant properties | | | 1,058 | | | | 2,830 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,058 | | | $ | 18,760 | |
| | | | | | |
Net assets of Timber Lodge as of January 31, 2004 consisted of the following:
| | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | |
Current assets | | $ | 1,738 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 7,786 | |
Other assets | | | 6,406 | |
| | | |
| Total assets | | | 15,930 | |
| | | |
|
LIABILITIES | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | 5,560 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 1,687 | |
| | | |
| Total liabilities | | | 7,247 | |
| | | |
NET ASSETS | | $ | 8,683 | |
| | | |
The results of Timber Lodge, from the date of acquisition, included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations as discontinued operations are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 24,129 | | | $ | 42,893 | | | $ | 41,915 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating income (loss) | | | (636 | ) | | | (2,771 | ) | | | 35 | |
Interest expense | | | 10 | | | | 19 | | | | 119 | |
Income tax benefit | | | — | | | | — | | | | (31 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (646 | ) | | $ | (2,790 | ) | | $ | (53 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
Note 7 — | Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment consists of the following as of January 31, 2005 and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Estimated | | | | | |
| | Useful Life | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Land | | | | | | $ | 127,633 | | | $ | 133,221 | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 3-25 years | | | | 200,013 | | | | 197,812 | |
Buildings and improvements | | | 7-40 years | | | | 245,548 | | | | 244,435 | |
Equipment, furniture and fixtures | | | 3-10 years | | | | 301,113 | | | | 308,102 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 874,307 | | | | 883,570 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | 413,021 | | | | 403,910 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | $ | 461,286 | | | $ | 479,660 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
During fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company capitalized interest costs in the amounts of $546, $473 and $765, respectively.
The Company occupies land and buildings under lease agreements expiring on various dates through 2066. Many leases provide for future rent escalations and renewal options. In addition, contingent rentals, determined as a percentage of sales in excess of specified levels, are often required. Most leases obligate the Company to pay costs of maintenance, insurance and property taxes.
Property under capital leases consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Buildings | | $ | 78,680 | | | $ | 89,043 | |
Equipment | | | 9,562 | | | | 13,654 | |
Less: accumulated amortization | | | 52,182 | | | | 57,802 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 36,060 | | | $ | 44,895 | |
| | | | | | |
Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the respective lease term, including any option periods considered in the determination of the lease term. When determining the lease term, the Company includes option periods for which failure to renew the lease imposes a penalty on the Company in such an amount that a renewal appears, at the inception of the lease, to be reasonably assured.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Minimum lease payments for all leases, including those in the estimated liability for closing restaurants, automobile and distribution center truck leases, and the present value of net minimum lease payments for capital leases as of January 31, 2005 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Capital | | | Operating | |
| | | | | | |
Fiscal Year: | | | | | | | | |
2006 | | $ | 11,320 | | | $ | 86,139 | |
2007 | | | 10,683 | | | | 80,441 | |
2008 | | | 10,569 | | | | 71,067 | |
2009 | | | 10,391 | | | | 58,876 | |
2010 | | | 9,910 | | | | 46,590 | |
Thereafter | | | 41,962 | | | | 244,861 | |
| | | | | | |
| Total minimum lease payments | | | 94,835 | | | $ | 587,974 | |
| | | | | | |
Less: amount representing interest | | | 37,271 | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Present value of minimum lease payments (interest rates primarily ranging from 8% to 14%) | | | 57,564 | | | | | |
Less: current portion | | | 5,079 | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Capital lease obligations, excluding current portion | | $ | 52,485 | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
Total minimum lease payments have not been reduced for future minimum sublease rentals of $200,125 expected to be received under certain operating subleases.
The Company has net investments in leases receivable that pertain to capital leases. Components of the net investment in leases receivable, included in other current assets and other assets, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Net minimum lease payments receivable | | $ | 1,573 | | | $ | 1,774 | |
Less: unearned income | | | 553 | | | | 608 | |
| | | | | | |
Net investment | | $ | 1,020 | | | $ | 1,166 | |
| | | | | | |
The Company has leased and subleased land and buildings to others, primarily as a result of the franchising of certain restaurants. Many of these leases provide for fixed payments with contingent rent when sales exceed certain levels, while others provide for monthly rentals based on a percentage of sales. Lessees generally bear the cost of maintenance, insurance and property taxes. The carrying value of assets leased to others is as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Land | | $ | 16,953 | | | $ | 18,063 | |
Leasehold improvements | | | 7,529 | | | | 7,650 | |
Buildings and improvements | | | 21,183 | | | | 21,876 | |
Equipment, furniture and fixtures | | | 2,698 | | | | 4,149 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 48,363 | | | | 51,738 | |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | 17,718 | | | | 18,345 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 30,645 | | | $ | 33,393 | |
| | | | | | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
As of January 31, 2005, minimum future rentals expected to be received including amounts reducing the estimated liability for closing restaurants, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Capital | | | Operating | |
| | Leases or | | | Lessor | |
| | Subleases | | | Leases | |
| | | | | | |
Fiscal Year: | | | | | | | | |
2006 | | $ | 270 | | | $ | 31,397 | |
2007 | | | 210 | | | | 27,994 | |
2008 | | | 142 | | | | 25,041 | |
2009 | | | 142 | | | | 22,448 | |
2010 | | | 142 | | | | 18,126 | |
Thereafter | | | 667 | | | | 75,119 | |
| | | | | | |
Total minimum future rentals | | $ | 1,573 | | | $ | 200,125 | |
| | | | | | |
Total minimum future rentals do not include contingent rentals, which may be received under certain leases.
Aggregate rents under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Minimum rentals | | $ | 90,820 | | | $ | 90,361 | | | $ | 84,042 | |
Contingent rentals | | | 5,013 | | | | 4,789 | | | | 4,811 | |
Less: sublease rentals | | | 36,444 | | | | 32,251 | | | | 30,844 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 59,389 | | | $ | 62,899 | | | $ | 58,009 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
During fiscal 2002, the Company entered into certain sale leaseback transactions relating to restaurant properties it currently operates through which it generated net gains of $5,158. The net gains from such transactions were deferred and are being amortized as a reduction to occupancy and other operating expenses over the terms of the leases.
Rent expense for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $95,833, $91,325 and $88,672, respectively.
Note 9 — Long-Term Investments
The Company has invested in other restaurant concepts in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, as follows:
| |
| Santa Barbara Restaurant Group, Inc. |
Prior to its acquisition of SBRG (see Note 2), the Company held stock in SBRG through various transactions. The Company accounted for its investment in SBRG under the equity method of accounting due to shared management and directors. During March 2002, the Company acquired SBRG in a stock-for-stock transaction.
| |
| Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc. |
Through a series of transactions, the Company had an investment in Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc. (“Checkers”). During fiscal 2003, the Company accounted for this investment under the equity method of accounting, as its Chairman of the Board was also the Chairman of Checkers. The Company’s Chairman resigned as the Chairman of Checkers on September 28, 2001 and resigned from the Board of Directors of Checkers on May 29, 2002. Due to previously recorded impairments and equity method losses, the Company’s
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
investment in Checkers was $0 as of January 31, 2002. During fiscal 2003, the Company sold 976,577 shares of Checkers common stock to fully divest its remaining interest in Checkers and reflected a gain of $9,248 in other income (expense), net in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations (see Note 19).
Other assets as of January 31, 2005 and 2004 consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Intangible assets (see below) | | $ | 19,102 | | | $ | 21,687 | |
Deferred financing costs | | | 9,470 | | | | 12,390 | |
Net investment in lease receivables, less current portion | | | 867 | | | | 1,015 | |
Other | | | 2,090 | | | | 2,729 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 31,529 | | | $ | 37,821 | |
| | | | | | |
As of January 31, 2005 and 2004, intangible assets with finite useful lives were primarily comprised of intangible assets obtained through the Company’s acquisition of SBRG in fiscal 2003 and its Hardee’s acquisition transactions in fiscal 1999 and 1998. Such intangible assets have amortization periods ranging from three to 20 years.
The table below presents identifiable, definite-lived intangible assets as of January 31, 2005 and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | January 31, 2005 | | | January 31, 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Gross | | | | | Net | | | Gross | | | | | Net | |
| | Carrying | | | Accumulated | | | Carrying | | | Carrying | | | Accumulated | | | Carrying | |
Intangible Asset | | Amount | | | Amortization | | | Amount | | | Amount | | | Amortization | | | Amount | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trademarks | | $ | 17,171 | | | $ | (2,487 | ) | | $ | 14,684 | | | $ | 17,171 | | | $ | (1,628 | ) | | $ | 15,543 | |
Franchise agreements | | | 1,780 | | | | (258 | ) | | | 1,522 | | | | 1,780 | | | | (169 | ) | | | 1,611 | |
Favorable lease agreements | | | 6,265 | | | | (3,369 | ) | | | 2,896 | | | | 16,693 | | | | (12,160 | ) | | | 4,533 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 25,216 | | | $ | (6,114 | ) | | $ | 19,102 | | | $ | 35,644 | | | $ | (13,957 | ) | | $ | 21,687 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization expense related to these intangible assets for fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003 was $2,158, $2,074, and $1,840, respectively. For these assets, amortization expense is expected to be approximately $1,626 during fiscal 2006, declining to approximately $1,147 during fiscal 2010.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
Note 11 — | Other Current Liabilities |
Other current liabilities as of January 31, 2005 and 2004 consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Salaries, wages and other benefits | | $ | 31,461 | | | $ | 27,530 | |
State sales taxes | | | 7,380 | | | | 15,008 | |
Estimated liability for closing restaurants | | | 5,261 | | | | 8,593 | |
Accrued interest | | | 2,332 | | | | 6,786 | |
Estimated liability for property taxes | | | 4,579 | | | | 4,350 | |
Estimated liability for litigation | | | 4,335 | | | | 3,670 | |
Accrued utilities | | | 3,731 | | | | 2,307 | |
Liabilities related to Timber Lodge assets held for sale | | | — | | | | 7,247 | |
Estimated liability for self-insurance, current portion | | | 15,214 | | | | 14,432 | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 19,065 | | | | 15,496 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 93,358 | | | $ | 105,419 | |
| | | | | | |
| |
Note 12 — | Long-Term Debt and Bank Indebtedness |
Long-term debt as of January 31, 2005 and 2004 consists of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Borrowings under revolving portion of senior credit facility (see below) | | $ | 14,500 | | | $ | — | |
Term loan under senior credit facility (see below) | | | 138,651 | | | | 24,062 | |
Senior subordinated notes due 2009, interest at 9.125% | | | — | | | | 200,000 | |
Convertible subordinated notes due 2023, interest at 4.00% | | | 105,000 | | | | 105,000 | |
Convertible subordinated notes due 2004, interest at 4.25% | | | — | | | | 22,319 | |
Other long-term debt | | | 1,333 | | | | 2,890 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 259,484 | | | | 354,271 | |
Less: current portion | | | 16,066 | | | | 26,843 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 243,418 | | | $ | 327,428 | |
| | | | | | |
On June 2, 2004, the Company amended and restated its senior credit facility (the “Facility”) to provide for a $380,000 senior secured credit facility consisting of a $150,000 revolving credit facility and a $230,000 term loan. The Facility is collateralized by a lien on all of the Company’s personal property assets and by certain restaurant property deeds of trust. The revolving credit facility matures on May 1, 2007, and includes an $85,000 letter of credit sub-facility. The principal amount of the term loan is scheduled to be repaid in quarterly installments, with a balloon payment of the remaining principal balance at maturity on July 2, 2008. The Facility also requires term loan prepayments based upon an annual excess cash flow formula, as defined therein. Subject to certain conditions as defined in the Facility, the maturity of the term loan may be extended to May 1, 2010. The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the $230,000 term loan to repay the $10,137 remaining balance of the prior Facility term loan. On July 2, 2004, the Company used additional proceeds from the $230,000 term loan to redeem $200,000 of its 9.125% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2009 (“Senior Notes”) and pay the related optional redemption premium of $9,126 (which was recorded in other income (expense), net during the second quarter of fiscal 2005 (see Note 19)) and accrued interest. The Company also incurred a charge of approximately $3,068 during the second quarter of fiscal 2005 to write-off
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
unamortized loan fees associated with the Senior Notes(see Note 18), which was recorded in interest expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
From the June 2, 2004, issuance of the $230,000 term loan through January 31, 2005, the Company voluntarily prepaid $90,074 of the $230,000 term loan in addition to the $1,275 regularly scheduled quarterly payments. As of January 31, 2005, the Company had borrowings outstanding under the term loan and revolving portions of the Facility of $138,651 and $14,500, respectively, outstanding letters of credit under the revolving portion of the Facility of $65,868, and availability under the revolving portion of the Facility of $69,632. Subsequent to January 31, 2005, the Company voluntarily prepaid an additional $15,500 on our term loan in addition to our regularly scheduled quarterly payment of $329, reducing the balance to $122,822.
The terms of the Facility include certain restrictive covenants. Among other things, these covenants restrict the Company’s ability to incur debt or liens on its assets, make any significant change in its corporate structure or the nature of its business, dispose of assets in the collateral pool securing the Facility, prepay certain debt, engage in a change of control transaction without the member banks’ consents and make investments or acquisitions. On November 4, 2004, the Company and its lenders amended the Facility, resulting in a 0.25% decrease to all borrowing rates.
As of January 31, 2005, the applicable interest rate on the term loan was LIBOR plus 2.50%, or 4.94% per annum. For the revolving loan portion of the Facility, the applicable interest rate on $10,000 was LIBOR plus 2.50%, or 5.06%, and the applicable rate on the remaining $4,500 was Prime plus 1.25%, or 6.50%. The Company also incurs fees on outstanding letters of credit under the Facility at a rate of 2.50% per annum.
The Facility also required the Company to enter into interest rate protection agreements in an aggregate notional amount of at least $70,000 for a term of at least three years. Pursuant to this requirement, on July 26, 2004, the Company entered into two interest rate cap agreements in an aggregate notional amount of $70,000. Under the terms of each agreement, if LIBOR exceeds 5.375% on the measurement date for any quarterly period, the Company will receive payments equal to the amount LIBOR exceeds 5.375%, multiplied by (i) the notional amount of the agreement and (ii) the fraction of a year represented by the quarterly period. The agreements expire on July 28, 2007. The agreements were not designated as cash flow hedges under the terms of SFAS 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. Accordingly, the change in the fair value of the $371 of interest rate cap premiums is recognized quarterly in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the year ended January 31, 2005, the Company recorded $263 of interest expense to reduce the carrying value of the interest rate cap premiums to their fair value of $108 at January 31, 2005. As a matter of policy, the Company does not use derivative instruments unless there is an underlying exposure.
Subject to the terms of the Facility, the Company may make annual capital expenditures in the amount of $45,000, plus 80% of the amount of actual EBITDA (as defined) in excess of $110,000. The Company may also carry forward any unused capital expenditure amounts to the following year. Based on these terms, the Facility permits the Company to make capital expenditures of at least $63,836 in fiscal 2006, which could increase further based on the Company’s performance versus the EBITDA formula described above.
The Facility also permits the Company to repurchase its common stock in an amount up to approximately $62,000 as of January 31, 2005. In addition, the dollar amount of common stock that the Company may purchase is increased each year by a portion of excess cash flow (as defined) during the term of the Facility. The Board of Directors has authorized a program to allow the Company to repurchase up to $20,000 of its common stock. Based on the Board of Directors authorization and the amount of repurchase of its common stock that the Company has already made thereunder, as of January 31, 2005, the Company is permitted to make an additional repurchase of its common stock up to $14,441.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Until recently, the Facility prohibited the Company from paying cash dividends. On April 21, 2005, the Company amended the Facility to permit it to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as the Company has been and is permitted to repurchase shares of its common stock. This amendment to the Facility also resulted in a 0.50% decrease in the borrowing rate under the Company’s term loan, a 0.25% decrease in the borrowing rate on revolving loans and a 0.25% decrease in the Company’s letter of credit fee rate. SeeSubsequent Events in Note 26 for further discussion.
The Facility contains financial performance covenants, which include a minimum EBITDA requirement, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, and maximum leverage ratios. The Company was in compliance with these covenants and all other requirements of the Facility as of January 31, 2005.
The full text of the contractual requirements imposed by the Facility is set forth in the Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2004, and the amendments thereto, which the Company has filed or will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and in the ancillary loan documents described therein. Subject to cure periods in certain instances, the lenders under the Company’s Facility may demand repayment of borrowings prior to stated maturity upon certain events, including if the Company breaches the terms of the agreement, suffers a material adverse change, engages in a change of control transaction, suffers certain adverse legal judgments, in the event of specified events of insolvency or if the Company defaults on other significant obligations. In the event the Facility is declared accelerated by the lenders (which can occur only if the Company is in default under the Facility), the Company’s 2023 Convertible Notes (described below) may also become accelerated under certain circumstances and after all cure periods have expired.
On September 29, 2003, the Company completed an offering of $105,000 of its 4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023 (“2023 Convertible Notes”), and used nearly all of the net proceeds of the offering to repurchase $100,000 of its then-outstanding 4.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2004 (the “2004 Convertible Notes”). The 2023 Convertible Notes bear interest at 4.0% annually, are payable in semiannual installments due April 1 and October 1 each year, are unsecured general obligations of the Company, and are contractually subordinate in right of payment to certain other Company obligations, including the Facility. On October 1 of 2008, 2013 and 2018, the holders of the 2023 Convertible Notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of the notes at 100% of the face value plus accrued interest. On October 1, 2008 and thereafter, the Company has the right to call all or a portion of the notes at 100% of the face value plus accrued interest. Under the terms of the 2023 Convertible Notes, such notes become convertible into the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of approximately $8.89 per share at any time after the Company’s common stock has a closing sale price of at least $9.78 per share, which is 110% of the conversion price per share, for at least 20 days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter. As a result of the daily closing sales price levels on the Company’s common stock during the second calendar quarter of 2004, the 2023 Convertible Notes became convertible into the Company’s common stock effective July 1, 2004, and will remain convertible throughout the remainder of their term.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Long-term debt matures in fiscal years ending after January 31, 2005 as follows:
| | | | |
Fiscal Year: | | | | |
2006 | | $ | 16,066 | |
2007 | | | 1,544 | |
2008 | | | 1,557 | |
2009 | | | 134,616 | |
20010 | | | 30 | |
Thereafter | | | 105,671 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 259,484 | |
| | | |
| |
Note 13 — | Other Long-Term Liabilities |
Other long-term liabilities consist of the following:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | (As restated) | |
Estimated liability for closing restaurants | | $ | 12,614 | | | $ | 13,732 | |
Estimated liability for self-insurance | | | 29,231 | | | | 24,593 | |
Other | | | 22,529 | | | | 20,234 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 64,374 | | | $ | 58,559 | |
| | | | | | |
The Company is self-insured for its primary workers’ compensation, auto, property and general liability insurance exposures not covered by its stop-loss policy. A total of $44,445 and $39,025 was accrued as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively (including the long-term portions noted in the above table and the current portions included in Note 11), based upon of the present value of an independent actuarial valuation of the Company’s workers’ compensation, auto and general liability claims. See Note 1 for further discussion.
| |
Note 14 — | Stockholders’ Equity |
On April 13, 2004, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $20,000 of the Company’s common stock from that date through April 12, 2005. During fiscal 2005, the Company repurchased 519,000 shares of common stock for $5,559, at an average price of $10.68 per share, plus trading commissions. During fiscal 2005, the Company retired and canceled all of its 2,104,000 treasury shares outstanding.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
| |
Note 15 — | Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
The following table presents information on the Company’s financial instruments:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Carrying | | | Estimated | | | Carrying | | | Estimated | |
| | Amount | | | Fair Value | | | Amount | | | Fair Value | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Financial assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 18,432 | | | $ | 18,432 | | | $ | 54,355 | | | $ | 54,355 | |
| Notes receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts | | | 4,865 | | | | 4,941 | | | | 3,250 | | | | 3,780 | |
| Interest rate cap agreements | | | 108 | | | | 108 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Financial liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Long-term debt, including current portion | | | 259,484 | | | | 347,731 | | | | 354,271 | | | | 402,471 | |
The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximates its carrying amount due to its short maturity. The estimated fair value of notes receivable was determined by discounting future cash flows using current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings. The estimated fair value of interest rate cap agreements was based upon market quotes received from the financial institutions that are the counter parties to the agreements. The estimated fair value of long-term debt was determined by discounting future cash flows using rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities, using market quotes for the Company’s Senior Subordinated Notes and using a combination of discounting future cash flows using rates currently available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities and the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for the Company’s Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023. The fair value of the Company’s Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2004 as of January 31, 2004, was assumed to be equal to its carrying value due to its short maturity.
| |
Note 16 — | Related Party Transactions |
Certain members of the Board of Directors and the Karcher family are franchisees of the Company. These franchisees regularly pay royalties and purchase food and other products from the Company on the same terms and conditions as other franchisees.
In fiscal 1994, the Chairman Emeritus was granted future retirement benefits for past services consisting principally of payments of $200 per year for life and supplemental health benefits, which had a net present value of $1,700 as of that date. This amount was computed using certain actuarial assumptions, including a discount rate of 7%. In fiscal 2005, this retirement benefit arrangement was amended to provide payments of $300 in calendar 2005, decreasing to $210 annually in calendar 2009 and thereafter, with $150 annual survivor benefit to the spouse of the Chairman Emeritus. The amended arrangement also includes health benefits and provision of certain administrative support. Utilizing certain actuarial assumptions, including a discount rate of 4%, and reflecting the terms of the amended arrangement, the Company recorded, through general and administrative expenses, an increase of $837 to the accrual for this obligation in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005. A total of $1,468 and $704 remained accrued in other long-term liabilities as of January 31, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The Company anticipates funding these obligations as they become due.
The Company leases various properties, including certain of its corporate offices, a distribution facility and three restaurants from the Chairman Emeritus. During the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004, capital leases associated with these properties expired, but the Company remained in these facilities under the terms of renewal options specified in the leases. During the option period, these leases are being accounted for as operating leases. Lease payments under these leases for fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003 amounted to $1,756, $1,828 and $1,534, respectively. This was net of sublease rentals of $27, $142 and $142 in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company has several leases with wholly-owned subsidiaries of Fidelity National Financial, Inc. (“FNF”), of which the Chairman of the Board of the Company is also Chairman of the Board, for point-of-sale equipment, a corporate office facility, and expenses associated with the Company’s leased aircraft. The Company paid $4,468, $6,102 and $8,827 in fiscal 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively to FNF under these lease agreements. During the second quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company paid $1,479 to FNF, representing its share of the loss upon FNF’s sale of one of the Company’s two leased aircraft.
In fiscal 2001, the Company entered into an agreement with a wholly-owned subsidiary of FNF to assist in the disposition of surplus real estate properties and negotiate the termination of leases for closed restaurants. The affiliate is paid a fee for each property sold or each lease terminated. The Company paid this affiliate $652, $816 and $494 during fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
In July 2001, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the adoption of CKE Restaurants, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Loan Plan and the Non-Employee Director Stock Purchase Loan Program (collectively the “Programs”). The purpose of the Programs was to provide key employees and directors with further incentive to maximize stockholder value. The Programs’ funds had to be used to make private or open market purchase of Company common stock through a broker-dealer designated by the Company. All loans were full recourse, unsecured and had a five-year term. However, they could have been forgiven at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. Interest accrued on the loans at a rate of 6.0% per annum, due at maturity. However, in the event that the stock was sold, transferred or pledged, the interest rate could have been adjusted to the prime rate plus 4%. These loans could have been prepaid anytime without penalty. As of January 31, 2002, loans had been made in the amount of $4,239 to purchase 739,900 shares of the Company common stock at an average purchase price of $5.73 per share, which included 189,900 shares of the Company’s stock from SBRG prior to the acquisition of SBRG (see Note 2), of which $0 and $2,530 was outstanding as of January 31, 2005 and 2004. These loans are classified as a reduction of stockholders’ equity in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force 02-1 (“EITF 02-1”)Classification of Assets Received In Exchange For Equity Instruments Granted to Other Than Employees. During fiscal 2005, all remaining loans were repaid.
At the time of the Company’s acquisition of SBRG (see Note 2), the Chairman of the Board of the Company and two other members of the Company’s Board of Directors held similar positions with SBRG. Immediately prior to the SBRG acquisition, the Chairman of the Board of the Company and FNF respectively owned 15.5% and 43.1% of the outstanding shares of common stock of SBRG. American National Financial, Inc. (ANFI) owned 4.6% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of SBRG immediately prior to this transaction. The Chairman of the Board of the Company was a member of the ANFI board of directors at that time. The transaction was evaluated for fairness to the Company by an independent investment banking firm.
The following restaurant sales transactions with affiliates were consummated during fiscal 2004 and 2003:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | |
| | Proceeds | | | Gain | | | Proceeds | | | Gain | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Affiliate | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Relatives of member of the Board of Directors of the Company | | $ | 4,535 | | | $ | 645 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
| Member of the Board of Directors of the Company | | | — | | | | — | | | | 983 | | | | 479 | |
Note 17 — Franchise and License Operations
Franchise arrangements generally provide for initial fees and continuing royalty payments to the Company based upon a percentage of gross sales. The Company generally charges an initial franchise fee for each new franchised restaurant that is added to its system, and in some cases, an area development fee, which
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
grants exclusive rights to develop a specified number of restaurants in a designated geographic area within a specified time period. Similar fees are charged in connection with the Company’s international licensing operations. These fees are recognized ratably when substantially all the services required of the Company are complete and the restaurants covered by these agreements commence operations.
Certain franchisees also purchase food, paper, supplies and equipment from the Company. Additionally, franchisees may be obligated to remit lease payments for the use of restaurant facilities owned or leased by the Company, generally for periods up to 20 years. Under the terms of these leases, franchisees are generally required to pay related occupancy costs, which include maintenance, insurance and property taxes.
Revenue from franchised and licensed restaurants for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Foodservice | | $ | 176,304 | | | $ | 155,945 | | | $ | 145,055 | |
Royalties | | | 70,857 | | | | 62,067 | | | | 60,200 | |
Equipment sales | | | 18,181 | | | | 20,693 | | | | 18,155 | |
Rental income | | | 32,157 | | | | 30,047 | | | | 29,087 | |
Initial fees and other | | | 5,109 | | | | 1,739 | | | | 1,218 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 302,608 | | | $ | 270,491 | | | $ | 253,715 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating costs and expenses for franchised and licensed restaurants for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Foodservice costs of sales | | $ | 171,363 | | | $ | 152,285 | | | $ | 141,429 | |
Occupancy and other operating expenses | | | 37,846 | | | | 37,616 | | | | 35,048 | |
Equipment cost of sales | | | 18,379 | | | | 20,336 | | | | 18,310 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 227,588 | | | $ | 210,237 | | | $ | 194,787 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |
Note 18 — | Interest Expense |
Interest expense for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Facility | | $ | 6,310 | | | $ | 1,146 | | | $ | 631 | |
Senior subordinated notes due 2009 | | | 7,855 | | | | 18,250 | | | | 18,150 | |
Capital lease obligations | | | 6,950 | | | | 8,503 | | | | 9,134 | |
2004 Convertible subordinated notes | | | 73 | | | | 4,206 | | | | 6,032 | |
2023 Convertible subordinated notes | | | 4,258 | | | | 1,385 | | | | — | |
Amortization of loan fees | | | 3,637 | | | | 4,451 | | | | 4,238 | |
Write-off of unamortized loan fees, term loan | | | 2,116 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Write-off of unamortized loan fees, senior subordinated notes due 2009 | | | 3,068 | | | | — | | | | — | |
Letter of credit fees and other | | | 2,481 | | | | 2,021 | | | | 1,739 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 36,748 | | | $ | 39,962 | | | $ | 39,924 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
See Note 12 for discussion of the write-off of unamortized loan fees.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 19 — Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net, for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Premium incurred upon early redemption of debt | | $ | (9,126 | ) | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Interest income on notes receivable from franchisees, disposition properties and capital leases | | | 1,784 | | | | 1,147 | | | | 1,267 | |
Rental income from properties leased to third parties | | | 2,060 | | | | 655 | | | | 986 | |
Gains on the sale of Checkers stock | | | — | | | | — | | | | 9,248 | |
Gains (losses) on the repurchase of convertible subordinated notes | | | — | | | | (708 | ) | | | 2,800 | |
Other, net | | | 2,320 | | | | (877 | ) | | | 2,127 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total other income (expense), net | | $ | (2,962 | ) | | $ | 217 | | | $ | 16,428 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
During fiscal 2005, the Company recorded $431 of other income related to an insurance recovery, which is recorded as a component of “other, net” above.
During fiscal 2004, the Company recorded $1,315 of other income related to point-of-sale equipment lease sales, which is recorded as a component of “other, net” above.
During fiscal 2003, the Company reversed a $1,300 estimated liability established in prior periods related to certain records lost during a natural disaster, which is recorded as a component of “other, net” above.
Note 20 — Income Taxes
Income tax expense (benefit) for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Current: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Federal | | $ | (2,493 | ) | | $ | 1,144 | | | $ | (9,221 | ) |
| State | | | (214 | ) | | | (119 | ) | | | — | |
| Foreign | | | 820 | | | | 818 | | | | 1,289 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | (1,887 | ) | | | 1,843 | | | | (7,932 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Deferred: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Federal | | | 214 | | | | 464 | | | | 678 | |
| State | | | 81 | | | | 110 | | | | 161 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 295 | | | | 574 | | | | 839 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | (1,592 | ) | | $ | 2,417 | | | $ | (7,093 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
The Company’s federal income tax benefit in fiscal 2005 is comprised of refundable income taxes recorded for the expected benefit from the carryback of certain deductible expenses incurred in fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2003 through 2005. The Company’s foreign income taxes are comprised primarily of taxes on foreign-sourced franchise royalty income of $5,652, $5,485 and $5,255 in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A reconciliation of income tax expense (benefit) attributable to continuing operations at the federal statutory rate of 35% to the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Income tax expense (benefit) at statutory rate | | $ | 5,975 | | | $ | (16,805 | ) | | $ | 4,243 | |
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit | | | (86 | ) | | | (1,687 | ) | | | (2,975 | ) |
Tax credits | | | (677 | ) | | | (971 | ) | | | (1,874 | ) |
Impairment of goodwill | | | — | | | | 11,921 | | | | — | |
Change in accounting principle | | | — | | | | — | | | | (61,523 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance | | | (7,146 | ) | | | 8,776 | | | | 55,081 | |
Tax adjustments due to income tax audit | | | — | | | | 1,144 | | | | — | |
Other, net | | | 342 | | | | 39 | | | | (45 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | (1,592 | ) | | $ | 2,417 | | | $ | (7,093 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Temporary differences and carryforwards gave rise to a significant amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | | | | | |
Impairment and estimated liability for closing restaurants | | $ | 25,581 | | | $ | 31,650 | |
Net operating loss carryforwards | | | 57,472 | | | | 46,426 | |
Basis difference in fixed assets | | | (13,076 | ) | | | (656 | ) |
Goodwill and other intangibles | | | 48,227 | | | | 53,481 | |
Reserves and allowances | | | 37,887 | | | | 27,977 | |
Alternative minimum tax credits | | | 11,465 | | | | 10,691 | |
General business tax credits | | | 11,181 | | | | 10,952 | |
Foreign and state tax credits | | | 4,839 | | | | 2,829 | |
Other | | | 4,895 | | | | 4,870 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 188,471 | | | | 188,220 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (190,179 | ) | | | (189,633 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net deferred tax liability | | $ | (1,708 | ) | | $ | (1,413 | ) |
| | | | | | |
As of January 31, 2005, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance of $190,179, of which $3,869 relates to the benefit from the exercise of stock options and will be recorded to equity when reversed.
As of January 31, 2005, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) of approximately $99,608, expiring in varying amounts in the years 2014 through 2025, and state NOL carryforwards in the amount of approximately $331,754, expiring in varying amounts in the years 2006 through 2025. The Company has federal NOL carryforwards for alternative minimum tax purposes of approximately $91,142. As of January 31, 2005, the Company had alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards of $11,465, with no expiration date; general business tax credit carrryforwards of $11,181, which expire in various amounts from 2020 to 2025; and foreign tax credits of $3,598, which expire in various amounts from 2006 to 2010.
After the Company adopted SFAS 142, the Company ceased amortizing goodwill for financial reporting purposes (even though such amortization continues for income tax reporting purposes). As a result, the reversal timing of the associated deferred tax liability has become indeterminable and may be offset only by the Company’s alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) credit carryforward, which is the Company’s only deferred tax asset which also has indeterminable reversal timing. As the Company’s AMT carryforward only permits
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
the Company to reduce its income taxes payable down to the AMT level then in effect, the Company maintains a net deferred tax liability related to the financial versus income tax reporting difference that arises with respect to amortization of goodwill, tax effected at the current AMT rate.
| |
Note 21 — | Segment Information (2004 and 2003 as restated) |
The Company is engaged principally in developing, operating and franchising its Carl’s Jr. and Hardee’s quick-service restaurants and its La Salsa fast-casual restaurants, each of which is considered an operating segment that is managed and evaluated separately. Management evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on several factors, of which the primary financial measure is segment operating income or loss. General and administrative expenses are allocated to each segment based on management’s analysis of the resources applied to each segment. Depreciation expense is allocated to each segment based on management’s analysis of the benefits derived by that segment, which may differ from the amount of assets associated with each segment. Certain amounts that the Company does not believe would be proper to allocate to the operating segments are included in “Other” (i.e., gains or losses on sales of long-term investments). The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the Significant Accounting Policies (Note 1).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Carl’s Jr. | | | Hardee’s | | | La Salsa | | | Other | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 792,829 | | | $ | 673,172 | | | $ | 48,794 | | | $ | 5,086 | | | $ | 1,519,881 | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | | 61,658 | | | | 5,291 | | | | (10,269 | ) | | | 100 | | | | 56,780 | |
Interest expense | | | 5,071 | | | | 31,510 | | | | (27 | ) | | | 194 | | | | 36,748 | |
Total assets | | | 219,974 | | | | 362,004 | | | | 29,682 | | | | 57,223 | | | | 668,883 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 24,773 | | | | 30,056 | | | | 3,705 | | | | 87 | | | | 58,621 | |
Goodwill | | | 22,649 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 22,649 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 23,875 | | | | 38,782 | | | | 3,965 | | | | 171 | | | | 66,793 | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | (498 | ) | | | (73 | ) | | | (2 | ) | | | 2,165 | | | | 1,592 | |
2004 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 725,055 | | | $ | 642,694 | | | $ | 43,933 | | | $ | 1,738 | | | $ | 1,413,420 | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | | 55,109 | | | | (26,336 | ) | | | (37,304 | ) | | | 263 | | | | (8,268 | ) |
Interest expense | | | 6,263 | | | | 33,787 | | | | (81 | ) | | | (7 | ) | | | 39,962 | |
Total assets (as restated) | | | 257,304 | | | | 389,498 | | | | 33,682 | | | | 49,920 | | | | 730,404 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 13,807 | | | | 21,219 | | | | 6,742 | | | | 5,845 | | | | 47,613 | |
Goodwill | | | 22,649 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 22,649 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 26,777 | | | | 41,156 | | | | 3,734 | | | | 407 | | | | 72,074 | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | (721 | ) | | | 19 | | | | — | | | | (1,715 | ) | | | (2,417 | ) |
2003 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | | $ | 693,692 | | | $ | 627,785 | | | $ | 39,959 | | | $ | 1,925 | | | $ | 1,363,361 | |
Segment operating income (loss) | | | 52,577 | | | | (16,361 | ) | | | (397 | ) | | | (202 | ) | | | 35,617 | |
Interest expense | | | 6,219 | | | | 33,657 | | | | 32 | | | | 16 | | | | 39,924 | |
Total assets (as restated) | | | 234,197 | | | | 451,465 | | | | 65,324 | | | | 53,951 | | | | 804,937 | |
Capital expenditures | | | 16,690 | | | | 52,440 | | | | 4,402 | | | | 3,016 | | | | 76,548 | |
Goodwill | | | 22,649 | | | | — | | | | 34,059 | | | | — | | | | 56,708 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 28,335 | | | | 36,871 | | | | 3,083 | | | | — | | | | 68,289 | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | 1,597 | | | | 5,702 | | | | — | | | | (206 | ) | | | 7,093 | |
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 22 — Employee Benefit and Retirement Plans
| |
| Savings and Profit Sharing Plan |
The Company sponsors a contributory plan to provide retirement benefits under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “401(k) Plan”) for eligible employees other than operations hourly employees and highly compensated employees. Participants may elect to contribute up to 25% of their annual salaries on a pre-tax basis to the 401(k) Plan. The Company’s matching contributions are determined at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors. For fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, the Company did not make matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan.
In fiscal 1995, the Board of Directors adopted, and stockholders subsequently approved in fiscal 1996, an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). Under the terms of the ESPP and subsequent amendments, eligible employees may voluntarily purchase, at current market prices, up to 2,907,500 shares of the Company’s common stock through payroll deductions.
Pursuant to the ESPP, employees may contribute an amount between 3% and 15% of their base salaries. The Company contributes varying amounts as specified in the ESPP. During fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, 132,502, 332,688 and 173,954 shares, respectively, were purchased and allocated to employees, based upon their contributions, at an average price of $11.46, $4.04 and $5.34 per share, respectively. The Company contributed $482 or an equivalent of 42,536 shares for the year ended January 31, 2005, $470 or an equivalent of 88,647 shares for the year ended January 31, 2004 and $302 or an equivalent of 54,497 shares for the year ended January 31, 2003. As of January 31, 2005, 104,075 shares are available for purchase under the ESPP.
The Company’s 2001 stock incentive plan (“2001 plan”) was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors in September 2001. The 2001 plan has been established as a “broad based plan” as defined by the New York Stock Exchange, whereby at least a majority of the options awarded under the 2001 plan must be awarded to employees of the Company who are not executive officers or directors within the first three years of the plan’s existence. Awards granted to eligible employees under the 2001 plan are not restricted as to any specified form or structure, with such form, vesting and pricing provisions determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. Options generally have a term of 10 years from the date of grant. Options are generally granted at a price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. A total of 800,000 shares are available for grants of options or other awards under the 2001 plan. As of January 31, 2005, 673,871 options were outstanding under this plan with exercise prices ranging from $5.75 per share to $11.50 per share.
The Company’s 1999 stock incentive plan (“1999 plan”) was approved by stockholders in June 1999 and amended and again approved in June 2000. Awards granted to eligible employees under the 1999 plan are not restricted as to any specified form or structure, with such form, vesting and pricing provisions determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. Options generally have a term of 10 years from the date of grant, except for five years from the date of grant in the case of incentive stock options granted to 10% or greater stockholders of the Company. Options are generally at a price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant, except that incentive stock options granted to 10% or greater stockholders of the Company may not be granted at less than 110% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. A total of 5,250,000 shares are available for grants of options or other awards under the amended 1999 plan, with such amount of available shares increased by 350,000 shares on the date of each annual meeting of shareholders. As of January 31, 2005, 4,362,126 options were outstanding under this plan with exercise prices ranging from $2.63 per share to $18.13 per share.
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CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Under the 1999 plan, on January 3, 2001, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman were each granted 375,000 stock options to purchase shares. These options vest as follows: the earlier of 7 years from date of grant or (i) 100,000 options vest upon the reduction below $100,000 of the aggregate outstanding balance of the Company’s Facility; (ii) 50,000 options vest upon consummation of any restructuring or refinancing of the Facility; (iii) 75,000 options vest upon the date which the closing price of the Company’s common stock has been equal to or greater than $4.00 per share on any 10 of 20 consecutive trading days; (iv) 75,000 options vest upon the date which the Company’s common stock has been equal to or greater than $6.00 per share on any 10 of 20 consecutive trading days; (v) 75,000 shares vest upon the date which the closing price of the Company’s common stock has been equal to or greater than $8.00 per share on any 10 of 20 consecutive trading days. Each of the vesting criteria was met during fiscal 2002 and all of these options are fully vested.
The Company’s 1994 stock incentive plan expired in April 1999. Options generally had a term of five years from the date of grant for the non-employee directors and 10 years from the date of grant for employees, became exercisable at a rate of 331/3% per year following the grant date and were priced at the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. A total of 6,352,500 shares were available for grants of options or other awards under this plan, of which 2,659,879 stock options were outstanding as of January 31, 2005, with exercise prices ranging from $3.79 per share to $36.65 per share.
The Company’s 92s stock incentive plan had 2,184 options outstanding at January 31, 2005 with an average exercise price of $13.24 per share.
In conjunction with the acquisition of SBRG, the Company assumed the options outstanding under various SBRG stock plans. As of January 31, 2005, 987,160 of those options were outstanding, with an average exercise price of $5.18 per share. The Company also assumed warrants to purchase approximately 982,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Approximately 491,000 of the warrants are exercisable at $14.26 per share, the remaining approximately 491,000 of the warrants are exercisable at $15.28 per share. The warrants expire on May 1, 2005.
In general, the Company’s stock incentive plans have a term of ten years and vest over a period of three years.
115
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Transactions under all plans, including assumed warrants, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Weighted-Average | | | |
| | Shares | | | Exercise Price | | | Exercisable | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance, January 31, 2002 | | | 7,739,525 | | | $ | 11.37 | | | | 5,436,230 | |
| Granted | | | 538,000 | | | | 11.09 | | | | | |
| Canceled | | | (638,262 | ) | | | 15.87 | | | | | |
| Exercised | | | (352,955 | ) | | | 3.54 | | | | | |
| Converted(1) | | | 2,645,002 | | | | 8.53 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance, January 31, 2003 | | | 9,931,310 | | | | 10.60 | | | | 8,318,801 | |
| Granted | | | 857,000 | | | | 5.74 | | | | | |
| Canceled | | | (558,775 | ) | | | 13.48 | | | | | |
| Exercised | | | (348,003 | ) | | | 3.50 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance, January 31, 2004 | | | 9,881,532 | | | | 10.26 | | | | 8,442,512 | |
| Granted | | | 882,500 | | | | 11.19 | | | | | |
| Canceled | | | (126,865 | ) | | | 13.84 | | | | | |
| Exercised | | | (969,949 | ) | | | 4.15 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance, January 31, 2005 | | | 9,667,218 | | | $ | 10.92 | | | | 8,117,498 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| |
(1) | Options and warrants assumed by CKE upon acquisition of SBRG. Under the terms of the merger agreement, each outstanding share of SBRG stock was converted into 0.491 shares of Company common stock. The purchase price was based on the average closing price of the Company’s common stock for the ten trading days ending two days prior to the completion of the acquisition and the fair value of options granted. The Company also assumed warrants to purchase approximately 982,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. |
The following table summarizes information related to stock options and warrants outstanding and exercisable at January 31, 2005:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Range of | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercise Prices | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Options and Warrants | |
| | | | | | | | Exercisable | |
| | | | | | | | ------------------------------) | |
| | | | | | | | (000’s | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Options and Warrants Outstanding | | | | | |
| | --------------------------------------------------) | | | | | |
| | | | Weighted- | | | Weighted- | | | | | |
| | and | | | Average | | | Average | | | | | Weighted- | |
| | (000’s | | | Exercise Price | | | Remaining | | | | | Average | |
| | | | | | | | Contractual Life | | | | | Exercise Price | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
$ | 2.00 | | | to | | $ | 2.99 | | | | 1,631 | | | $ | 2.68 | | | | 5.22 | | | | 1,631 | | | $ | 2.68 | |
| 3.00 | | | | | | 4.49 | | | | 1,117 | | | | 3.52 | | | | 4.54 | | | | 1,101 | | | | 3.51 | |
| 4.50 | | | | | | 6.74 | | | | 1,015 | | | | 5.83 | | | | 7.38 | | | | 493 | | | | 5.88 | |
| 6.75 | | | | | | 10.12 | | | | 853 | | | | 8.46 | | | | 2.49 | | | | 828 | | | | 8.45 | |
| 10.13 | | | | | | 15.18 | | | | 2,406 | | | | 12.60 | | | | 5.66 | | | | 1,419 | | | | 13.55 | |
| 15.19 | | | | | | 22.77 | | | | 1,686 | | | | 16.67 | | | | 2.14 | | | | 1,686 | | | | 16.67 | |
| 22.78 | | | | | | 34.16 | | | | 817 | | | | 25.03 | | | | 2.62 | | | | 817 | | | | 25.03 | |
| 34.17 | | | | | | 36.65 | | | | 142 | | | | 36.65 | | | | 3.05 | | | | 142 | | | | 36.65 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
$ | 2.00 | | | | | $ | 36.65 | | | | 9,667 | | | $ | 10.92 | | | | 4.59 | | | | 8,117 | | | $ | 11.23 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
116
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 23 — Supplemental Cash Flow Information
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2003 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash (received) paid for interest and income taxes are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest | | $ | 32,099 | | | $ | 35,786 | | | $ | 36,884 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Income taxes paid (refunds received) | | | 5,482 | | | | 1,925 | | | | (11,582 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash operating charges are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Write-off of deferred financing costs | | | 5,184 | | | | 111 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash investing and financing charges are as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gain recognized on sale and leaseback transactions | | | 305 | | | | 352 | | | | 358 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Conversion of convertible notes | | | — | | | | — | | | | 134 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Issuance of stock and stock options to acquire SBRG | | | — | | | | — | | | | 78,815 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Note 24 — Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
The following table presents summarized quarterly results:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Quarter | |
| | | |
| | 1st | | | 2nd | | | 3rd | | | 4th | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fiscal 2005 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 455,311 | | | $ | 353,734 | | | $ | 348,946 | | | $ | 361,890 | |
Operating income | | | 22,009 | | | | 7,111 | | | | 18,963 | | | | 8,697 | |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | 10,667 | | | | (12,385 | ) | | | 13,311 | | | | 7,069 | |
Discontinued operations | | | (163 | ) | | | (304 | ) | | | (179 | ) | | | — | |
| Net income (loss) | | | 10,504 | | | | (12,689 | ) | | | 13,132 | | | | 7,069 | |
Basic income (loss) per common share | | | 0.18 | | | | (0.22 | ) | | | 0.23 | | | | 0.12 | |
Diluted income (loss) per common share(1) | | | 0.17 | | | | (0.22 | ) | | | 0.20 | | | | 0.12 | |
Fiscal 2004 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 419,553 | | | $ | 333,715 | | | $ | 334,773 | | | $ | 325,379 | |
Operating income (loss) | | | 7,608 | | | | 14,458 | | | | 11,304 | | | | (41,638 | ) |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | | | (5,590 | ) | | | 5,177 | | | | 827 | | | | (50,844 | ) |
Discontinued operations | | | (2,112 | ) | | | 46 | | | | 111 | | | | (835 | ) |
| Net income (loss) | | | (7,702 | ) | | | 5,223 | | | | 938 | | | | (51,679 | ) |
Basic income (loss) per common share | | | (0.13 | ) | | | 0.09 | | | | 0.02 | | | | (0.90 | ) |
Diluted income (loss) per common share | | | (0.13 | ) | | | 0.09 | | | | 0.02 | | | | (0.90 | ) |
| |
(1) | The Company has retroactively applied EITF Issue 04-8,The Effect of Contingently Convertible Debt on Diluted Earnings per Share, which requires that the dilutive effect of contingent convertible debt, such as the Company’s Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2023, which were issued September 29, 2003, be included in dilutive earnings per common share regardless of whether the contingency permitting holders to convert the debt into shares has been satisfied. This requirement has changed diluted income (loss) per common share for the first quarter of fiscal 2005 to $0.17 per share from the $0.18 per share that was reported in the quarterly report on Form 10-Q/ A on December 20, 2004 for the quarter ended May 17, 2004. |
117
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Quarterly operating results are not necessarily representative of operations for a full year for various reasons, including the seasonal nature of the quick-service restaurant industry and unpredictable adverse weather conditions, which may affect sales volume and food costs. In addition, all quarters have 12-week accounting periods, except the first quarters of fiscal 2005 and 2004, which have 16-week accounting periods, and the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, which has 13 weeks.
| |
| Fourth Quarter Adjustments |
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company recorded a reduction to the Carl’s Jr. advertising accrual of $1,322 due primarily to actual advertising production costs being below previous forecasts for fiscal 2005.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company recorded a credit to litigation expense of $1,941 upon payment and final resolution for less than the previously estimated and accrued amount for three purported class action lawsuits that alleged violations of California wage and hour laws. The Company also recorded charges to litigation expense of (i) $575 upon settlement of a breach of lease agreement matter for greater than the previously estimated and accrued amount and (ii) $500 to increase its accrual for another legal matter to its currently estimated cost to resolve.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company incurred a charge of $837 related to changes in the retirement agreement of the Company’s founder.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005, the Company recorded a $253 charge for the fiscal 2003 through fiscal 2005 impact of an accounting correction regarding the application of FTB 85-3. SeeRestatement of Previously Issued Financial Statementsin Note 1 for further discussion.
Note 25 — Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
In prior years, as part of its refranchising program, the Company sold restaurants to franchisees. In some cases, these restaurants were on leased sites. The Company entered into sublease agreements with these franchisees but remained principally liable for the lease obligations. The Company accounts for the sublease payments received as franchising rental income and the payments on the leases as rental expense in franchising expense. As of January 31, 2005, the present value of the lease obligations under the remaining master leases’ primary terms is $132,353. Franchisees may, from time to time, experience financial hardship and may cease payment on the sublease obligation to the Company. The present value of the exposure to the Company from franchisees characterized as under financial hardship is $23,904, net of $1,380 of accruals within the Company’s closed store reserves included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2005.
Pursuant to the Facility, a letter of credit sub-facility in the amount of $85,000 was established (see Note 12). Several standby letters of credit are outstanding under this sub-facility, which secure the Company’s potential workers’ compensation obligations and general, auto and health liability obligations. The Company is required to provide letters of credit each year, or set aside a comparable amount of cash or investment securities in a trust account, based on its existing claims experience. As of January 31, 2005, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of $65,868 under the revolving portion of the Facility.
118
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company’s standby letter of credit agreements with various banks expire as follows:
| | | | |
February 2005 | | $ | 13,816 | |
March 2005 | | | 27,107 | |
April 2005 | | | 50 | |
July 2005 | | | 10,073 | |
November 2005 | | | 14,269 | |
December 2005 | | | 553 | |
| | | |
| | $ | 65,868 | |
| | | |
As of January 31, 2005, the Company had unconditional purchase obligations in the amount of $55,123, which include contracts for goods and services primarily related to restaurant operations.
The Company has employment agreements with certain key executives (the “Agreements”). These Agreements include provisions for lump sum payments to the executives that may be triggered by the termination of employment under certain conditions, as defined in each Agreement. If the Agreements were triggered, each affected executive would receive an amount ranging from one to three times his base salary for the remainder of his employment term plus, in some instances, a pro-rata portion of the bonus in effect for the year in which the termination occurs. Additionally, all options granted to the affected executives which have not vested as of the date of termination would vest immediately. The Agreements have terms of three years. If all of these Agreements had been triggered as of January 31, 2005, the Company would have made payments of approximately $6,833.
The Company is, from time to time, the subject of complaints or litigation from customers alleging illness, injury or other food quality, health or operational concerns. Adverse publicity resulting from such allegations may materially adversely affect the Company and its restaurants, regardless of whether such allegations are valid or whether the Company is liable. The Company is also, at times, the subject of complaints or allegations from employees, former employees and franchisees. On October 3, 2001, an action was filed by Adam Huizar and Michael Bolden, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, in the Superior Court of the State of California, Los Angeles County, seeking class action status and alleging violations of California wage and hour laws. Similar actions were filed by Mary Jane Amberson and James Bolin, individually and on behalf of others similarly situated, in the Superior Court of the State of California, Los Angeles County, on April 5, 2002 and November 26, 2002, respectively. The complaints alleged that salaried restaurant management personnel at the Company’s Carl’s Jr. restaurants in California were improperly classified as exempt from California overtime laws, thereby depriving them of overtime pay. The complaints sought damages in an unspecified amount, injunctive relief, prejudgment interest, costs and attorneys’ fees. During the quarter ended August 9, 2004, the Company announced that it had reached a preliminary agreement, subject to court approval, to settle these three lawsuits and fully resolve all complaints contained therein. The court approved settlement on December 15, 2004, and the Company paid $7,059 on or about December 27, 2004, to cover claims by eligible class members, plaintiff attorneys’ fees and costs, payments to the named plaintiffs, and costs of a third-party administrator.
As of January 31, 2005, the Company had recorded an accrued liability for contingencies related to litigation in the amount of $4,335,which relates to certain employment, real estate or other business disputes. Certain of the matters for which the Company maintains an accrued liability for litigation pose risk of loss significantly above the accrued amounts. In addition, as of January 31, 2005, the Company estimated the liability for those losses related to other litigation claims that, in accordance with SFAS 5,Accounting for Contingencies, are not accrued, but that the Company believes are reasonably possible to result in an adverse outcome, to be in the range of $235 to $470.
119
CKE RESTAURANTS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
For several years, the Company offered a program whereby it guaranteed the loan obligations of certain franchisees to independent lending institutions. Franchisees have used the proceeds from such loans to acquire certain equipment and pay the costs of remodeling Carl’s Jr. restaurants. In the event a franchisee defaults under the terms of a program loan, the Company is obligated, within 15 days following written demand by the lending institution, to purchase such loan or assume the franchisee’s obligation thereunder by executing an assumption agreement and seeking a replacement franchisee for the franchisee in default. By purchasing such loan, the Company may seek recovery against the defaulting franchisee. As of January 31, 2005, the principal outstanding under program loans guaranteed by the Company totaled approximately $1,600, with maturity dates ranging from 2005 through 2009. As of January 31, 2005, the Company had no accrued liability for expected losses under this program and was not aware of any outstanding loans being in default.
The Company also guarantees an obligation of a former subsidiary to a related party lending institution associated with an equipment leasing transaction. As of January 31, 2005, the remaining amount due to the lender under the equipment lease is approximately $90. The Company maintains an accrual for the estimated fair value of its guarantee, which is equal to 50% of the remaining obligation.
Note 26 — Subsequent Events
Until recently, the Company’s Facility prohibited the Company from paying cash dividends. On April 21, 2005, the Company amended its Facility to permit it to pay cash dividends on substantially the same terms as the Company has been and is permitted to repurchase shares of its common stock. In April 2005, the Company announced that its Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.04 per share of its common stock to be paid on June 13, 2005, to the Company’s stockholders of record on May 23, 2005, and further announced its intention to pay a regular quarterly cash dividend. This amendment to the Facility also resulted in a 0.50% decrease in the borrowing rate under the Company’s term loan, a 0.25% decrease in the borrowing rate on revolving loans and a 0.25% decrease in the Company’s letter of credit fee rate.
120
EXHIBIT INDEX
| | | | |
Exhibits | | | Description |
| | | |
| 3 | -1 | | Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3-1 to the Company’s Form S-4 Registration Statement Number 333-05305. |
| 3 | -2 | | Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on December 9, 1997, filed as Exhibit 3-2 to the Company’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the fiscal year ended January 26, 1998, and is hereby incorporated by reference. |
| 3 | -3 | | Bylaws of the Company, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3-2 to the Company’s Form S-4 Registration Statement Number 333-05305. |
| 3 | -4 | | Certificate of Amendment of Bylaws, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Annual Report of Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004. |
| 4 | -6 | | Indenture, dated as of September 29, 2003, by and between the Company and J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, filed as Exhibit 4.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 3, 2003, and is hereby incorporated by reference. |
| 4 | -7 | | Form of Notes (included in Exhibit 4-6). |
| 4 | -8 | | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of September 29, 2003, by and among the Company and Citigroup Global Markets, Inc., for itself and the other initial purchasers, filed as Exhibit 4.8 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 3, 2003, and is hereby incorporated by reference. |
| 10 | -1 | | Carl Karcher Enterprises, Inc. Profit Sharing Plan, as amended, filed as Exhibit 10-21 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, file No. 2-73695, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -4 | | CKE Restaurants, Inc. 1994 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4-1 to the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement Number 333-12399.(1) |
| 10 | -5 | | CKE Restaurants, Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4-1 to the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement Number 333-83601.(1) |
| 10 | -6 | | CKE Restaurants, Inc. 1994 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended, filed as Exhibit 10-22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended January 27, 1997, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -7 | | Employment Agreement dated January 1, 1994, by and between Carl Karcher Enterprises, Inc. and Carl N. Karcher, filed as Exhibit 10-89 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended January 31, 1994, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -8 | | First Amendment to Employment Agreement dated November 1, 1997, by and between Carl N. Karcher and Carl Karcher Enterprises, Inc., filed as Exhibit 10-8 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended January 26, 1998, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -15 | | Employment Agreement dated as of April 9, 1999, by and between the Company and John J. Dunion, filed as Exhibit 10-7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended May 17, 1999, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -19 | | First Amendment to Settlement and Development Agreement by and between Carl Karcher Enterprises, Inc., CKE Restaurants, Inc. and GB Foods Corporation dated as of February 20, 1997, filed as Exhibit 10-31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 27, 1997, and is hereby incorporated by reference. |
| 10 | -48 | | CKE Restaurants, Inc. 2001 Stock Incentive Plan, Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement Number 333-76884.(1) |
| 10 | -50 | | Director Fee Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2003, by and between the Company and William P. Foley, II, filed as Exhibit 10.50 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 3, 2003, and is hereby incorporated by reference.(1) |
| 10 | -51 | | Distribution Service Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2003, by and between La Salsa, Inc. and McCabe’s Quality Foods, filed as Exhibit 10.51 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 3, 2003, and is hereby incorporated by reference. |
| 10 | -53 | | Employment Agreement, effective as of January 27, 2004, by and between the Company and Theodore Abajian, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004.(1) |
121
| | | | |
Exhibits | | | Description |
| | | |
| 10 | -54 | | Second Amendment to Employment Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2004, by and between the Company and Carl N. Karcher, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004.(1) |
| 10 | -55 | | Employment Agreement, effective as of April 4, 2004, by and between the Company and Andrew F. Puzder, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004.(1) |
| 10 | -56 | | Employment Agreement, effective as of January 27, 2004, by and between the Company and E. Michael Murphy, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004.(1) |
| 10 | -57 | | Employment Agreement, effective as of January 27, 2004, by and between the Company and Brad R. Haley, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 17, 2004.(1) |
| 10 | -58 | | Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2004, by and among the Company, the Lenders party thereto, and BNP Paribas, a bank organized under the laws of France acting through its Chicago Branch (as successor in interest to Paribas), as Agent, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 17, 2004. |
| 10 | -59 | | Amendment No. 1 to Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2004, by and among the Company, BNP Paribas, a bank organized under the laws of France acting through its Chicago branch, as agent, and the lenders party to the Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2004, by and among those parties, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 12, 2004. |
| 10 | -60 | | Amendment to Employment Agreement between the Company and Andrew F. Puzder, effective as of February 1, 2005.(1) |
| 10 | -61 | | Amendment No. 2 to Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 21, 2005, by and among the Company, BNP Paribas, a bank organized under the laws of France acting through its Chicago branch, as agent, and the lenders party to the Sixth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 2, 2004, by and among those parties, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 12, 2004. |
| 12 | -1 | | Computation of Ratios. |
| 14 | -1 | | CKE Restaurants, Inc. Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers, as approved by the Company’s Board of Directors on March 3, 2004, incorporated herein by reference to the like-numbered exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 26, 2004. |
| 21 | -1 | | Subsidiaries of Company. |
| 23 | -1 | | Consent of independent registered public accounting firm. |
| 31 | -1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 31 | -2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 32 | -1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| 32 | -2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
| * | Schedules or exhibits omitted. The Company shall furnish supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission a copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit upon request. |
| |
(1) | A management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this report pursuant to Item 15(c) of Form 10-K. |
122