UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2015
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to _______
Commission File Number 0-25752
FNBH BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MICHIGAN | 38-2869722 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
101 East Grand River, Howell, Michigan 48843
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (517) 546-3150
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesx No¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesx No¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer¨ Accelerated filer¨ Non-accelerated filer¨ Smaller reporting companyx
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes¨ Nox
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 27,770,423
Shares of the Corporation’s Common Stock (no par value) were outstanding as of May 15, 2015.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Discussions and statements in this report that are not statements of historical fact, including, without limitation, statements that include terms such as “will,” “may,” “should,” “believe,” “expect,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “intend,” “likely,” “optimistic” and “plan,” and statements about future or projected financial and operating results, plans, projections, objectives, expectations, and intentions and other statements that are not historical facts, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the likelihood of additional regulatory enforcement action against our Bank; descriptions of plans and objectives for future operations, products or services; projections of our future revenue, earnings or other measures of economic performance; forecasts of credit losses and other asset quality trends; judgments concerning the likelihood of future negative provision expense and/or reinstatement of net deferred tax assets; predictions as to our Bank’s ability to maintain certain regulatory capital standards, our expectation that we will have or be able to maintain sufficient cash to meet expected obligations during 2015; and descriptions of other steps we may take to improve our capital position. These forward-looking statements express our current expectations, forecasts of future events, or long-term goals and, by their nature, are subject to assumptions, risks, and uncertainties. Although we believe that the expectations, forecasts, and goals reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially for a variety of reasons, including, among others:
· | our ability to comply with the various requirements imposed by the regulatory Consent Order against the Bank; |
· | our ability to implement our recovery plan initiatives; |
· | economic, market, operational, liquidity, credit, and interest rate risks associated with our business; |
· | economic conditions generally and in the financial services industry, particularly economic conditions within Michigan and the regional and local real estate markets in which our Bank operates; |
· | the failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of, and provisions made to, our allowance for loan losses; |
· | the ability of our Bank to maintain certain regulatory capital standards; |
· | increased competition in the financial services industry, either nationally or regionally; |
· | our ability to achieve loan and deposit growth; |
· | volatility and direction of market interest rates; |
· | limitations on our ability to access and rely on wholesale funding sources; |
· | the continued services of our management team, and |
· | implementation of new legislation and regulatory initiatives, which may have significant effects on us and the financial services industry |
This list provides examples of factors that could affect the results described by forward-looking statements contained in this report, but the list is not intended to be all inclusive. The risk factors disclosed in Part I – Item A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, as updated by any new or modified risk factors disclosed in Part II – Item 1A of any subsequently filed quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, include all known risks our management believes could materially affect the results described by forward-looking statements in this report. However, those risks may not be the only risks we face. Our results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and prospects could also be materially and adversely affected by additional factors that are not presently known to us that we currently consider to be immaterial, or that develop after the date of this report. We cannot assure you that our future results will meet expectations. While we believe the forward-looking statements in this report are reasonable, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement. In addition, these statements speak only as of the date made. We do not undertake, and expressly disclaim, any obligation to update or alter any statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.
Part I – Financial Information
FNBH BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands, except share amounts) | ||||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Cash and due from banks | $ | 32,853 | $ | 26,138 | ||||
Short term investments | 198 | 198 | ||||||
Total cash and cash equivalents | 33,051 | 26,336 | ||||||
Investment securities: | ||||||||
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | 126,342 | 132,175 | ||||||
FHLBI and FRB stock, at cost | 1,140 | 1,140 | ||||||
Total investment securities | 127,482 | 133,315 | ||||||
Loans held for investment: | ||||||||
Commercial | 128,864 | 132,382 | ||||||
Consumer | 18,889 | 17,593 | ||||||
Real estate mortgage | 14,532 | 10,071 | ||||||
Total loans held for investment | 162,285 | 160,046 | ||||||
Less allowance for loan losses | (7,162 | ) | (7,109 | ) | ||||
Net loans held for investment | 155,123 | 152,937 | ||||||
Premises and equipment, net | 7,288 | 7,366 | ||||||
Other real estate owned, held for sale | 1,052 | 1,174 | ||||||
Accrued interest and other assets | 1,592 | 1,698 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 325,588 | $ | 322,826 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||
Deposits: | ||||||||
Demand (non-interest bearing) | $ | 97,890 | $ | 102,258 | ||||
NOW | 32,679 | 31,652 | ||||||
Savings and money market | 95,831 | 88,247 | ||||||
Time deposits | 66,251 | 68,222 | ||||||
Total deposits | 292,651 | 290,379 | ||||||
Accrued interest, taxes, and other liabilities | 1,478 | 1,303 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 294,129 | 291,682 | ||||||
Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||
Preferred stock, no par value. | ||||||||
Series A - Authorized 10,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding | - | - | ||||||
Series B - Authorized 20,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding | - | - | ||||||
Common stock, no par value. Authorized 40,000,000 shares at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014; 27,770,423 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2015 and 27,770,143 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2014 | 25,490 | 25,449 | ||||||
Retained earnings | 5,661 | 5,528 | ||||||
Deferred directors' compensation | 183 | 224 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 125 | (57 | ) | |||||
Total shareholders' equity | 31,459 | 31,144 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 325,588 | $ | 322,826 |
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
1 |
FNBH BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and 2014
(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Interest and dividend income: | ||||||||
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 1,884 | $ | 2,102 | ||||
Interest and dividends on securities: | ||||||||
Taxable | 538 | 368 | ||||||
Tax-exempt | 10 | 12 | ||||||
Other securities | 7 | 10 | ||||||
Interest on short term investments | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Total interest and dividend income | 2,440 | 2,493 | ||||||
Interest expense | 140 | 208 | ||||||
Net interest income | 2,300 | 2,285 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | - | - | ||||||
Net interest income after provison for loan losses | 2,300 | 2,285 | ||||||
Noninterest income: | ||||||||
Service charges and other fee income | 538 | 592 | ||||||
Trust income | - | 32 | ||||||
Loss on sale of available for sale securities | (1 | ) | - | |||||
Other | 26 | 9 | ||||||
Total noninterest income | 563 | 633 | ||||||
Noninterest expense: | ||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 1,471 | 1,502 | ||||||
Net occupancy expense | 252 | 237 | ||||||
Equipment expense | 86 | 92 | ||||||
Professional and service fees | 343 | 407 | ||||||
Loan collection and foreclosed property expenses | 56 | 53 | ||||||
Computer service fees | 127 | 129 | ||||||
Computer software amortization expense | 10 | 9 | ||||||
FDIC assessment fees | 106 | 84 | ||||||
Insurance | 39 | 126 | ||||||
Printing and supplies | 29 | 50 | ||||||
Net (gain) loss on sale/writedown of OREO and repossessions | (10 | ) | 1 | |||||
Other | 209 | 174 | ||||||
Total noninterest expense | 2,718 | 2,864 | ||||||
Income before federal income taxes | 145 | 54 | ||||||
Federal income tax expense | 12 | 5 | ||||||
Net income | $ | 133 | $ | 49 | ||||
Per share statistics: | ||||||||
Basic and diluted EPS | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.00 | ||||
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | 27,770,379 | 557,989 | ||||||
Weighted-average common stock equivalent preferred shares outstanding, as converted | - | 25,014,285 | ||||||
Total basic and diluted shares | 27,770,379 | 25,572,274 |
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
2 |
FNBH BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and 2014
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 133 | $ | 49 | ||||
Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||
Net change in unrealized gain on securities available for sale | 183 | 1,326 | ||||||
Less: reclassification adjustment for gain (loss) recognized in net loss, net of tax | (1 | ) | - | |||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 315 | $ | 1,375 |
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
3 |
FNBH BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2015 and 2014
(Unaudited)
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Retained Earnings (Deficit) | Deferred Directors' Compensation | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at January 1, 2014 | $ | 16,520 | $ | 7,321 | $ | 2,478 | $ | 342 | $ | (1,555 | ) | $ | 25,106 | |||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | - | 1,490 | - | - | - | 1,490 | ||||||||||||||||||
Issued 772 shares for deferred directors' fees | - | 118 | - | (118 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | 49 | - | - | 49 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | 1,326 | 1,326 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balances at March 31, 2014 | $ | 16,520 | $ | 8,929 | $ | 2,527 | $ | 224 | $ | (229 | ) | $ | 27,971 | |||||||||||
Balances at January 1, 2015 | $ | - | $ | 25,449 | $ | 5,528 | $ | 224 | $ | (57 | ) | $ | 31,144 | |||||||||||
Issued 280 shares for deferred directors' fees | - | 41 | - | (41 | ) | - | - | |||||||||||||||||
Net income | - | - | 133 | - | - | 133 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | 182 | 182 | ||||||||||||||||||
Balances at March 31, 2015 | $ | - | $ | 25,490 | $ | 5,661 | $ | 183 | $ | 125 | $ | 31,459 |
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
4 |
FNBH BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 133 | $ | 49 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Provision for loan losses | - | - | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 122 | 123 | ||||||
Net amortization on investment securities | 328 | 208 | ||||||
Loss on available for sale securities | 1 | - | ||||||
Net (gain) loss on sale/writedown of OREO and repossessions | (10 | ) | 1 | |||||
Decrease in accrued interest income and other assets | 51 | 72 | ||||||
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest, taxes, and other liabilities | 175 | (596 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 800 | (143 | ) | |||||
Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||
Purchases of available for sale securities | (12,215 | ) | (39,985 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of available for sale securities | 12,703 | - | ||||||
Proceeds from mortgage-backed securities paydowns - available for sale securities | 5,263 | 3,426 | ||||||
Purchase of FRB stock | - | (462 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from sale of OREO and repossessions | 132 | - | ||||||
Net (increase) decrease in loans | (2,186 | ) | 3,094 | |||||
Capital expenditures | (54 | ) | (142 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 3,643 | (34,069 | ) | |||||
Cash flows from financing activites: | ||||||||
Net increase in deposits | 2,272 | 1,287 | ||||||
Common stock issued | - | 1,490 | ||||||
Repayment of other borrowings | - | (16 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,272 | 2,761 | ||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 6,715 | (31,451 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 26,336 | 78,025 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 33,051 | $ | 46,574 | ||||
Supplemental disclosures: | ||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 145 | $ | 216 | ||||
Loans transferred to other real estate owned | - | 553 | ||||||
Loans charged off | 45 | 86 | ||||||
Cash paid for income taxes | 15 | 5 |
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
5 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management of FNBH Bancorp, Inc. (the Corporation), all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation were included. The results of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2015 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2015. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the 2014 Annual Report contained in the Corporation’s report on Form 10-K filing. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period financial statements to conform to the current period presentation.
2. Regulatory Matters and Recovery Initiatives
Regulatory Action
On October 16, 2008, the Bank entered into a formal agreement with its primary federal regulator, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"). Pursuant to the agreement, the Bank agreed to take certain actions intended to address various issues that negatively impacted the Bank's financial condition and performance.
On September 24, 2009, the Bank stipulated to the issuance of a Consent Order against the Bank by the OCC. This Consent Order, which superseded the formal agreement signed in October 2008, required the Bank to take certain actions to improve its financial condition and operations, including achieving and maintaining total capital equal to 11% of risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital equal to at least 8.5% of adjusted total assets. The Consent Order included a number of other requirements, including the submission of an acceptable strategic plan for the Bank's operations, the development and implementation of various written plans designed to improve the Bank's management of its loan portfolio, and certain steps to manage risks associated with commercial real estate and construction and development lending.
On October 31, 2013, the Bank stipulated to the issuance by the OCC of a new Consent Order against the Bank (the "Consent Order"). This new Consent Order replaces the Consent Order issued in 2009. The new Consent Order includes essentially all of the articles included in the 2009 Consent Order. In addition, the new Consent Order contains certain new conditions and/or articles intended to enhance the Bank’s risk management policies and practices; requirements to obtain certain OCC approval prior to deviating from the Bank's strategic business plan; additional requirements to ensure effective management and board composition, establishment of a formal compensation plan structure, and management of third party vendor relationships; a new article requiring the Bank to establish an affiliate transaction policy; and a new article to ensure the effectiveness of the Bank's internal audit program. The new Consent Order was filed as an exhibit to the Corporation’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2013 and the OCC has made a copy of the new Consent Order available on its website at www.occ.gov.
Importantly, the new Consent Order continues to require the Bank to achieve and maintain total capital equal to 11% of risk weighted assets and Tier 1 capital equal to at least 8.5% of adjusted total assets. On December 11, 2013, the Corporation completed a private placement transaction that resulted in gross proceeds to the Corporation of approximately $17.5 million. On December 20, 2013, the Corporation contributed $15.4 million of the net proceeds from this transaction to the capital of the Bank. As a result, as of December 31, 2013, the Bank met the minimum capital ratios required by the Consent Order. In addition, on March 27, 2014, the Corporation issued 2.3 million shares of its common stock in a rights offering registered with the SEC that generated gross proceeds to the Corporation of approximately $1.6 million. The Corporation then contributed $550,000 of these proceeds into the capital of the Bank to assist the Bank in maintaining the required minimum capital ratios at March 31, 2014. To date, no additional capital contributions from the Corporation to the Bank have been needed to maintain the required minimum capital ratios required by the Consent Order.
As noted above, the Consent Order imposes many other requirements on the Bank in addition to the minimum capital ratios. Despite achieving the required minimum capital levels, the Bank has not achieved full compliance with all of the articles of the Consent Order at March 31, 2015. Management believes it has made substantive progress on the other Consent Order requirements through various initiatives. However, additional effort and time is necessary in order for the Bank to demonstrate adherence to, and the effectiveness of, new policies and procedures implemented to remediate deficiencies identified in the Consent Order and to achieve compliance with the other provisions of the Consent Order. The Bank continues to work diligently to meet these requirements in an effort to gain full compliance with the Consent Order.
It will be imperative for the Bank to comply with these other requirements in order to avoid further regulatory enforcement action. As long as the Bank is subject to the Consent Order, the financial performance of the Corporation is expected to be adversely impacted by higher FDIC insurance premiums paid by the Bank and ongoing costs incurred to correct the deficiencies underlying the requirements of the Consent Order.
Despite exceeding minimum regulatory standards for well-capitalized institutions at March 31, 2015, for purposes of the regulators’ Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) powers, the Bank is currently considered "adequately capitalized" due to being subject to the Consent Order. As a result of this classification, for purposes of PCA, the Bank is subject to a number of restrictions. These include, among other things, 1) limitations on the payment of capital distributions and management fees, 2) prohibitions on the acceptance, renewal, or roll-over of any brokered deposit without prior written approval of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), and 3) restrictions on interest rates paid on deposits. The Bank's capital category is determined solely for purposes of applying PCA; the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the Bank's overall financial condition or prospects.
In addition to the above regulatory actions and restrictions imposed on the Bank, the Federal Reserve has imposed restrictions on the Corporation to effect its support of the Bank. Specifically, the Corporation must receive approval from the Federal Reserve before the payment of dividends, issuance of debt, or redemption of stock. Additional restrictions on the Corporation by the Federal Reserve relate to changes in the composition of the Board of Directors, the employment of senior executive officers or changes in the responsibilities of senior executive officers, and limitations on indemnification and severance payments.
6 |
Despite restoration of the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios to minimum levels imposed by the Consent Order, there is no assurance that the Bank will be able to maintain these capital ratios throughout 2015 or beyond. Moreover, management and the Board of Directors' execution of various initiatives designed to fully satisfy the asset quality, risk management, and other requirements of the Consent Order will take additional time and may not prove to be sufficiently effective. As such, no assurance can be provided as to whether or when the Bank will be in full compliance with the Consent Order or whether or when the Consent Order will be lifted or terminated. Even if lifted or terminated, the Bank may still be subject to a memorandum of understanding or other enforcement action by regulators that would restrict activities or that would continue to impose greater capital requirements on the Bank. The requirements and restrictions of the Consent Order are legally enforceable and the Corporation’s or Bank’s failure to comply with such requirements and restrictions may subject the Corporation and the Bank to additional regulatory restrictions.
Until such time as the Consent Order is either modified or lifted, management continues to pursue initiatives to achieve full compliance with all requirements of the Consent Order in order to mitigate the impact of the related regulatory challenges. In addition, execution of such initiatives includes implementation of measures necessary to position the Bank to overcome current economic challenges.
Recovery Plan Initiatives
As part of a recovery plan initiated in late 2008, management and the Board of Directors have been aggressively pursuing various initiatives intended to address and satisfy deficiencies identified in the Consent Order, the most important of which was a significant recapitalization necessary to restore the Bank’s capital to a level sufficient to meet the required minimum capital ratios. Other recovery plan efforts and initiatives are designed to improve the Bank’s financial health and risk management practices and policies. They include aggressively reducing credit risk exposure in the loan portfolio and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of core business processes. Certain other key elements of management’s continued recovery plan include, but are not limited to:
· | Continued, aggressive management of the Bank’s existing loan portfolio to reduce the level of classified loans, to minimize further credit losses and to maximize recoveries via negotiated payoffs, settlements and restructuring of existing problem loans; |
· | Continued strengthening of risk management processes and procedures via ensuring the Bank has appropriate personnel with sufficient experience, training and authority to execute safe and sound banking practices with respect to asset quality; |
· | Improve core profitability via gradual repositioning of balance sheet composition to increase earning assets and improve yields while ensuring the Bank maintains an acceptable risk profile and adequate capital levels; and |
· | Commitment to dedicate sufficient resources to address all portions of the Consent Order followed by a managed re-alignment of operating costs with a recapitalized, restructured and more efficient banking operation designed to promote balance sheet growth in an increasingly regulated and competitive business climate. |
Management makes no assurances that the efforts, results, and/or future plans described above will improve the Bank’s overall financial condition, guarantee profitability in 2015, or ensure the modification or discharge of existing regulatory enforcement actions imposed on the Bank.
3. Securities
Securities available for sale consist of the following:
Unrealized | ||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | 114,124 | $ | 501 | $ | (665 | ) | $ | 113,960 | |||||||
U.S. Agency | 10,395 | 64 | - | 10,459 | ||||||||||||
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,585 | 16 | - | 1,601 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock(1) | 49 | 273 | - | 322 | ||||||||||||
Total available for sale | $ | 126,153 | $ | 854 | $ | (665 | ) | $ | 126,342 | |||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | 107,489 | $ | 409 | $ | (761 | ) | $ | 107,137 | |||||||
U.S. Agency | 23,108 | 28 | (6 | ) | 23,130 | |||||||||||
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,586 | 19 | - | 1,605 | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock(1) | 49 | 254 | - | 303 | ||||||||||||
Total available for sale | $ | 132,232 | $ | 710 | $ | (767 | ) | $ | 132,175 |
(1)Represents preferred stocks issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae
Securities are reviewed quarterly for possible other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) based on guidance included in ASC Topic 320,Investments–Debt and Equity Instruments. This guidance requires an entity to assess whether it intends to sell, or whether it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before the recovery of the security’s amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, the entire difference between the amortized cost and fair value is recognized in earnings. For debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment recognized in earnings is limited to the amount related to credit losses, while impairment related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.
Management’s review of the securities portfolio for the existence of OTTI considers various qualitative and quantitative factors regarding each investment category, including if the securities were U.S. Government issued, the credit rating on the securities, credit outlook, payment status and financial condition, the length of time the security has been in a loss position, the size of the loss position and other meaningful information.
7 |
The Corporation had nine Agency CMO securities which have been impaired for more than twelve months at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.
The Corporation makes a quarterly assessment of OTTI on its non-government agency collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) security primarily based on a quarterly cash flow analysis performed by an independent third-party specialist. The evaluation includes a comparison of the present value of the expected cash flows to previous estimates to determine whether adverse changes in cash flows resulted during the period. The analysis considers attributes of the security, such as its super tranche position, and specific loan level collateral underlying the security. A summary of the par value, book value, carrying value (fair value) and unrealized loss for the non-agency mortgage-backed security is presented below:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Par | Amount | % of Par | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Par value | $ | 1,179 | 100.00 | % | $ | 1,269 | 100.00 | % | ||||||||
Book value | 1,050 | 89.06 | % | 1,129 | 88.97 | % | ||||||||||
Carrying value | 1,117 | 94.74 | % | 1,195 | 94.17 | % | ||||||||||
Unrealized loss | - | 0.00 | % | - | 0.00 | % |
Certain key attributes of the underlying loans supporting the security included the following:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||
Weighted average remaining credit score (based on original FICO) | 737 | 737 | ||||||
Primary location of underlying loans: | ||||||||
California | 68 | % | 69 | % | ||||
Florida | 4 | % | 4 | % | ||||
Other | 28 | % | 27 | % | ||||
Delinquency status of underlying loans: | ||||||||
Past due 30-59 days | 5.50 | % | 3.28 | % | ||||
Past due 60-89 days | 0.00 | % | 0.88 | % | ||||
Past due 90 days or more | 4.86 | % | 5.80 | % | ||||
In process of foreclosure | 6.46 | % | 7.30 | % | ||||
Held as other real estate owned | 0.64 | % | 0.89 | % |
The specialist calculates an estimate of the fair value of the security's cash flows using an INTEX valuation model, subject to certain assumptions regarding collateral related cash flows such as expected prepayment rates, default rates, loss severity estimates, and discount rates as key valuation inputs.
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||
Voluntary repayment rate (CRR) | 15.43 | % | 15.97 | % | ||||
Default rates: | ||||||||
Within next 24 months | 6.37 | % | 7.77 | % | ||||
Decreasing to (by month 37) | 3.90 | % | 3.68 | % | ||||
Decreasing to (by month 197 at March 2015 and by month 200 at December 2014) | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | ||||
Loss severity rates: | ||||||||
Initial loss upon default (Year 1) | 45.48 | % | 47.20 | % | ||||
Per annum decrease in loss rate (Years 2 - 11) | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||
Floor (Year 12) | 23.00 | % | 23.00 | % | ||||
Discount rate(1): | 5.50 | % | 5.50 | % | ||||
Remaining credit support provided by other collateral pools of underlying loans within the security: | 0.03 | % | 0.04 | % |
(1)Intended to reflect estimated uncertainty and liquidity premiums, after adjustment for estimated credit loss cash flows.
The prepayment assumptions used within the model consider borrowers’ incentive to prepay based on market interest rates and borrowers’ ability to prepay based on underlying assumptions for borrowers’ ability to qualify for a new loan based on their credit and appraised property value, by location. As such, prepayment speeds decrease as credit quality and home prices deteriorate, reflecting a diminished ability to refinance.
In addition, collateral cash flow assumptions utilize a valuation technique under a “Liquidation Scenario” whereby loans are evaluated by delinquency and are assigned probability of default and loss factors deemed appropriate in the current economic environment. The liquidation scenarios assume that all loans 60 or more days past due migrate to default, are liquidated, and losses are realized over a period of between six and twenty four months based in part upon initial loan to value ratios and estimated changes in both historical and future property values since origination as obtained from financial data sources.
At March 31, 2015, based on a present value at a prospective yield of future cash flows for the investment as provided by the specialist and after management’s evaluation of the reasonableness of the specialist's underlying assumptions regarding Level 2 and Level 3 inputs, the Corporation concluded that the security’s expected cash flows continued to support the amortized cost of the security and no additional other-than-temporary impairment had been incurred. Prior to 2010, approximately $290,000 of credit loss OTTI charges were incurred on the security.
8 |
The following is a summary of the gross unrealized losses and fair value of securities by length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position:
Less than 12 months | 12 months or more | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses | Fair Value | Unrealized losses | Fair Value | Unrealized losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | (201 | ) | $ | 19,057 | $ | (464 | ) | $ | 21,273 | $ | (665 | ) | $ | 40,330 | |||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | (185 | ) | $ | 28,453 | $ | (576 | ) | $ | 22,141 | $ | (761 | ) | 50,594 | ||||||||||
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | (6 | ) | 4,687 | - | - | (6 | ) | 4,687 | ||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | (191 | ) | $ | 33,140 | $ | (576 | ) | $ | 22,141 | $ | (767 | ) | $ | 55,281 |
The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale, by contractual maturity, follow. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Approximate Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Approximate Fair Value | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Maturing within one year | $ | 254 | $ | 254 | $ | 4,276 | $ | 4,278 | ||||||||
Maturing after one year but within five years | 9,200 | 9,258 | 17,587 | 17,606 | ||||||||||||
Maturing after five years but within ten years | 2,000 | 2,010 | 2,305 | 2,312 | ||||||||||||
Maturing after ten years | 575 | 860 | 575 | 842 | ||||||||||||
12,029 | 12,382 | 24,743 | 25,038 | |||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO securities | 114,124 | 113,960 | 107,489 | 107,137 | ||||||||||||
Totals | $ | 126,153 | $ | 126,342 | $ | 132,232 | $ | 132,175 |
There were no proceeds from at-par calls of securities for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 respectively.
At March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Corporation did not own any investment securities issued by states and political subdivisions in which the amortized cost and fair value of such securities individually exceeded 10% of shareholders’ equity.
Investment securities, with an amortized cost of approximately $51.1 million at March 31, 2015 were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law, including approximately $18.3 million of securities pledged as collateral at the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis (FHLBI) to support potential liquidity needs of the Bank. At December 31, 2014, the amortized cost of pledged investment securities totaled $53.0 million of which $19.7 million of securities was pledged as collateral at the FHLBI for contingent liquidity needs of the Bank.
The Bank owns stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis (FHLBI) and the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB), both of which are recorded at cost. The Bank is required to hold stock in the FHLBI equal to 5% of the institution’s borrowing capacity with the FHLBI. The Bank’s investment in FHLBI stock amounted to $617,000 at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. As a member bank of the Federal Reserve System, the Bank is required to own FRB capital stock equal to six percent of its capital and surplus. The Bank’s investment in FRB stock totaled $523,000 at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The FHLBI and FRB stock investments can only be resold to, or redeemed by, the issuer.
4. Loans
The recorded investment in portfolio loans consists of the following:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Commercial | $ | 15,682 | $ | 15,130 | ||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 4,612 | 5,050 | ||||||
Owner occupied | 43,728 | 47,434 | ||||||
Nonowner occupied | 59,624 | 59,440 | ||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||
Commercial purpose | 5,335 | 5,463 | ||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 16,137 | 11,631 | ||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 10,311 | 9,613 | ||||||
Consumer and Other | 7,006 | 6,444 | ||||||
Subtotal | 162,435 | 160,205 | ||||||
Unearned income | (150 | ) | (159 | ) | ||||
Total Loans | $ | 162,285 | $ | 160,046 |
Included in the consumer real estate loans above are residential first mortgages reported as “real estate mortgages” on the consolidated balance sheets. In addition, a portion of these consumer real estate loans include commercial purpose loans where the borrower has pledged a 1-4 family residential property as collateral. Loans also include the reclassification of demand deposit overdrafts, which amounted to $46,000 at March 31, 2015 and $59,000 at December 31, 2014, respectively.
9 |
Loans serviced for others, including commercial participations sold, are not reported as assets of the Bank and approximated $1.5 million at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014.
5. Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality of Loans
The Corporation separates its loan portfolio into segments to perform the calculation and analysis of the allowance for loan losses. The four segments analyzed are Commercial, Commercial Real Estate, Consumer Real Estate, and Consumer and Other. The Commercial segment includes loans to finance commercial and industrial businesses that are not secured by real estate. The Commercial Real Estate segment includes: i) construction real estate loans to finance construction and land development and/or loans secured by vacant land and ii) commercial real estate loans secured by non-farm, non-residential real estate which are further classified as either owner occupied or non-owner occupied based on the underlying collateral type. The Consumer Real Estate segment includes (commercial and non-commercial purpose) loans that are secured by 1 – 4 family residential real estate properties, including first mortgages on residential properties and home equity loans and lines of credit that are secured by first or second liens on residential properties. The Consumer and Other segment include all loans not included in any other segment. These are primarily loans to consumers for household, family, and other personal expenditures, such as autos, boats, and recreational vehicles.
Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for three months ended:
Commercial | Commercial Real Estate | Consumer Real Estate | Consumer and Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 415 | $ | 5,371 | $ | 1,084 | $ | 239 | $ | 7,109 | ||||||||||
Charge offs | (15 | ) | - | - | (30 | ) | (45 | ) | ||||||||||||
Recoveries | 33 | 23 | 25 | 17 | 98 | |||||||||||||||
Provision | 80 | (498 | ) | 271 | 147 | - | ||||||||||||||
Ending balance | $ | 513 | $ | 4,896 | $ | 1,380 | $ | 373 | $ | 7,162 | ||||||||||
March 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 633 | $ | 7,180 | $ | 1,215 | $ | 186 | $ | 9,214 | ||||||||||
Charge offs | (1 | ) | (41 | ) | (23 | ) | (21 | ) | (86 | ) | ||||||||||
Recoveries | 57 | 9 | 17 | 28 | 111 | |||||||||||||||
Provision | (67 | ) | 81 | (25 | ) | 11 | - | |||||||||||||
Ending balance | $ | 622 | $ | 7,229 | $ | 1,184 | $ | 204 | $ | 9,239 |
The following shows the balance in allowance for loan losses and loan balances by portfolio segment based on impairment method:
Commercial | Commercial Real Estate | Consumer Real Estate | Consumer and Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | - | $ | 1,657 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,657 | ||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 513 | 3,239 | 1,380 | 373 | 5,505 | |||||||||||||||
Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 513 | $ | 4,896 | $ | 1,380 | $ | 373 | $ | 7,162 | ||||||||||
Recorded investment in loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 193 | $ | 11,262 | $ | 746 | $ | - | $ | 12,201 | ||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 15,489 | 96,702 | 31,037 | 7,006 | 150,234 | |||||||||||||||
Total recorded investment in loans | $ | 15,682 | $ | 107,964 | $ | 31,783 | $ | 7,006 | $ | 162,435 | ||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1 | $ | 1,681 | $ | 5 | $ | - | $ | 1,687 | ||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 414 | 3,690 | 1,079 | 239 | 5,422 | |||||||||||||||
Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 415 | $ | 5,371 | $ | 1,084 | $ | 239 | $ | 7,109 | ||||||||||
Recorded investment in loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 233 | $ | 11,324 | $ | 1,015 | $ | - | $ | 12,572 | ||||||||||
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 14,897 | 100,600 | 25,692 | 6,444 | 147,633 | |||||||||||||||
Total recorded investment in loans | $ | 15,130 | $ | 111,924 | $ | 26,707 | $ | 6,444 | $ | 160,205 |
Management’s on-going monitoring of the credit quality of the portfolio relies on an extensive credit risk monitoring process that considers several factors including: current economic conditions affecting the Bank’s customers, the payment performance of individual loans and pools of homogenous loans, portfolio seasoning, changes in collateral values, and detailed reviews of specific relationships.
10 |
Our internal loan grading system assigns a risk grade to all commercial loans. This grading system is similar to those employed by banking regulators. Grades 1 through 5 are considered “pass” credits and grade 6 are considered “watch” credits and are subject to greater scrutiny. Those loans graded 7 and higher are considered substandard and are individually evaluated for impairment if reported as nonaccrual and are greater than $100,000 or part of an aggregate relationship exceeding $100,000. All commercial loans are graded at inception and reviewed, and if appropriate, re-graded at various intervals thereafter. Additionally, our commercial loan portfolio and assigned risk grades are periodically subjected to review by external loan reviewers and banking regulators. Certain of the key factors considered in assigning loan grades include: cash flows, operating performance, financial condition, collateral, industry condition, management, and the strength, liquidity and willingness of guarantors’ support.
A description of the general characteristics of each risk grade follows:
· | RATING 1 (Satisfactory – Minimal Risk)- Loans in this category are to persons or entities of unquestioned financial strength, a highly liquid financial position, with collateral that is liquid and well margined. These borrowers have performed without question on past obligations, and the Bank expects their performance to continue. Internally generated cash flow covers current maturities of long-term debt by a substantial margin. |
· | RATING 2 (Satisfactory – Modest Risk) – These loans to persons or entities with strong financial condition and above-average liquidity who have previously satisfactorily handled their obligations with the Bank. Collateral securing the Bank’s debt is margined in accordance with policy guidelines. Internally-generated cash flow covers current maturities of long-term debt more than adequately. |
· | RATING 3 (Satisfactory - Average)– These are loans with average cash flow and ratios compared to peers. Usually RMA comparisons show where companies fall in the performance spectrum. Companies have consistent performance for 3 or more years. |
· | RATING 4 (Satisfactory – Acceptable Risk) – Loans to persons or entities with an average financial condition, adequate collateral margins, adequate cash flow to service long-term debt, and net worth comprised mainly of fixed assets are included in this category. These entities are minimally profitable now, with projections indicating continued profitability into the foreseeable future. Overall, these loans are basically sound. |
· | RATING 5 (Satisfactory - Acceptable – Monitor) -These loans are characterized by borrowers who have marginal, but adequate cash flow, and marginal profitability, but currently have been meeting the obligations of their loan structure. However, adverse changes in the borrower’s circumstances and/or current economic conditions are more likely to impair their capacity for repayment. The borrower has in the past satisfactorily handled debts with the Bank, but may be experiencing some minor delinquency in making payments, or other signs of temporary cash flow issues. The borrower may also be experiencing declining margins or other negative financial trends, despite the borrower’s continued satisfactory condition and positive cash flow. Other characteristics of borrowers in this class include inadequate credit information, weaknesses in financial statement reporting, or declining but positive repayment capacity. This classification includes loans to new or established borrowers with satisfactory loan structure, but where near term economic or business issues appear to remain stable and the near term projections would limit the ability for an improvement in the financial trends of the borrower. |
· | RATING 6 (Special Mention - OAEM) -Loans in this class have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank’s credit position at some future date. These potential weaknesses may result in a deterioration of the repayment of the loan and increase the credit risk. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Special mention credits may include a borrower that pays the Bank on a timely basis (occasional 30 day delinquent) and may be experiencing temporary cash flow deficiencies. |
· | RATING 7 (Substandard) –A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard loans, does not have to exist in individual loans. Substandard credits may include a borrower that pays consistently past due, has significant cash flow shortages and may have a collateral shortfall that requires a specific reserve. |
· | RATING 8 (Doubtful) -This risk rating class has all of the weaknesses inherent in the substandard rating but with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection in full or liquidation, on the basis of currently known existing facts, condition, and values, highly questionable and improbable. These are poor quality loans in which neither the collateral, if any, nor the financial condition of the borrower presently ensure collectability in full within a reasonable period of time; in fact, there is permanent impairment in the collateral securing the Bank’s loan. These loans are in a work-out status, must be non-accrual status and have a defined work-out strategy. |
This is a transitional risk rating class while collateral value and other factors are assessed. Loans will remain in this class for the assessment period, but in no event for more than 1 year. If there is no improvement in the Bank’s position during that time, a charge-off will be taken to best reflect known asset collateral value. If the loan goes into a “Deeds in Redemption” status before 1 year, any shortfall will be recognized immediately.
The assessment of compensating factors may result in a rating plus or minus one grade from those listed above. These factors include, but are not limited to collateral, guarantors, environmental conditions, history, plan/projection reasonableness, quality of information, and payment delinquency.
The internal loan grading system is applied to the residential real estate portion of our consumer loan portfolio upon certain triggering events (e.g., delinquency, bankruptcy, restructuring, etc.). However, large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as consumer and residential real estate loans are collectively evaluated for impairment and they are not separately identified for impairment disclosures. The primary risk element for the residential real estate portion of consumer loans is the timeliness of borrowers’ scheduled payments. We rely primarily on our internal reporting system to monitor past due loans and have internal policies and procedures to pursue collection and protect our collateral interests in order to mitigate losses.
Our monitoring of credit quality is further denoted by classification of loans as nonperforming, which reflects loans where the accrual of interest has been discontinued and loans that are past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest. In addition, nonperforming loans include troubled debt restructured loans (as discussed below) that are on nonaccrual status or past due 90 days or more. Troubled debt restructured loans that are accruing interest and not past due 90 days or more are excluded from nonperforming loans.
11 |
The following shows the recorded investment in loans by risk grade and a summary of nonperforming loans, by class of loan:
Not Rated | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Total | Nonperforming | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | 295 | $ | 43 | $ | 4,170 | $ | 4,842 | $ | 5,915 | $ | 180 | $ | 237 | $ | - | $ | 15,682 | $ | 220 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Real Estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | - | - | - | 715 | 1,760 | 366 | 342 | 1,429 | 4,612 | 1,682 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | - | - | 374 | 2,401 | 22,543 | 15,937 | 491 | 1,982 | - | 43,728 | 1,303 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | - | - | 323 | 3,842 | 21,097 | 27,477 | 4,631 | 2,254 | - | 59,624 | 2,173 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Purpose | - | - | - | 54 | 962 | 2,849 | 649 | 821 | - | 5,335 | 338 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 9,375 | - | - | - | - | 4,391 | - | 2,371 | - | 16,137 | 2,251 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 9,061 | - | - | - | - | 947 | - | 303 | - | 10,311 | 303 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 6,588 | - | - | - | 1 | 318 | 97 | 2 | - | 7,006 | 79 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 25,024 | $ | 295 | $ | 740 | $ | 10,467 | $ | 50,160 | $ | 59,594 | $ | 6,414 | $ | 8,312 | $ | 1,429 | $ | 162,435 | $ | 8,349 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | 239 | $ | 44 | $ | 3,294 | $ | 4,959 | $ | 6,139 | $ | 194 | $ | 261 | $ | - | $ | 15,130 | $ | 233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Real Estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | - | - | - | 1,072 | 1,796 | 377 | 366 | 1,439 | 5,050 | 1,740 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | - | - | 415 | 4,949 | 23,632 | 15,906 | 496 | 2,036 | - | 47,434 | 965 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | - | - | 337 | 4,035 | 20,287 | 27,741 | 4,685 | 2,355 | - | 59,440 | 2,148 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Purpose | - | - | - | 55 | 1,172 | 2,575 | 654 | 1,007 | - | 5,463 | 517 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 4,589 | - | - | - | - | 4,381 | - | 2,661 | - | 11,631 | 2,497 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 8,314 | - | - | - | - | 986 | - | 313 | - | 9,613 | 137 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 6,038 | - | - | - | - | 285 | - | 121 | - | 6,444 | 71 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 18,941 | $ | 239 | $ | 796 | $ | 12,333 | $ | 51,122 | $ | 59,809 | $ | 6,406 | $ | 9,120 | $ | 1,439 | $ | 160,205 | $ | 8,308 |
Loans are considered past due when contractually required principal or interest has not been received. The amount classified as past due is the entire principal balance outstanding of the loan, not just the amount of payments that are past due.
An aging analysis of the recorded investment in past due loans, segregated by class of loans follows:
90+ Days | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans Past Due | Past Due | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
30-59 Days | 60-89 Days | 90+ Days | Total | Current | Total | and Accruing | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | 92 | $ | - | $ | 92 | $ | 15,590 | $ | 15,682 | $ | - | ||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 1,476 | - | 138 | 1,614 | 2,998 | 4,612 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 171 | - | 31 | 202 | 43,526 | 43,728 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 264 | - | 204 | 468 | 59,156 | 59,624 | 88 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | - | 140 | 140 | 5,195 | 5,335 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 1,245 | 659 | 10 | 1,914 | 14,223 | 16,137 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | 45 | 45 | 10,266 | 10,311 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 55 | 4 | 10 | 69 | 6,937 | 7,006 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 3,211 | $ | 755 | $ | 578 | $ | 4,544 | $ | 157,891 | $ | 162,435 | $ | 88 | ||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 15,130 | $ | 15,130 | $ | - | ||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | 105 | 43 | 148 | 4,902 | 5,050 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 24 | - | 20 | 44 | 47,390 | 47,434 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 174 | - | 97 | 271 | 59,169 | 59,440 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | 112 | 191 | 303 | 5,160 | 5,463 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 868 | 521 | 375 | 1,764 | 9,867 | 11,631 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 2 | - | - | 2 | 9,611 | 9,613 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 33 | 6 | - | 39 | 6,405 | 6,444 | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,101 | $ | 744 | $ | 726 | $ | 2,571 | $ | 157,634 | $ | 160,205 | $ | 4 |
12 |
Loans are placed on nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, the collection of additional interest is doubtful. Loans are generally placed on nonaccrual upon becoming ninety days past due. However, loans may be placed on nonaccrual regardless of whether or not they are past due. All cash received on nonaccrual loans is applied to the principal balance. Loans are considered for return to accrual status on an individual basis when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.
The following is a summary of the recorded investment in nonaccrual loans, by class of loan:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Commercial | $ | 220 | $ | 233 | ||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 1,682 | 1,692 | ||||||
Owner occupied | 1,303 | 965 | ||||||
Nonowner occupied | 2,085 | 2,148 | ||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||
Commercial purpose | 338 | 517 | ||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 2,251 | 2,497 | ||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 303 | 137 | ||||||
Consumer and Other | 79 | 119 | ||||||
Total | $ | 8,261 | $ | 8,308 |
The following shows information pertaining to impaired loans and related valuation allowance allocations by class of loan:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Recorded Investment | Unpaid Principal Balance | Valuation Allowance | Recorded Investment | Unpaid Principal Balance | Valuation Allowance | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
With an allowance recorded: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 30 | $ | 32 | $ | 1 | ||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 2,090 | 4,339 | 1,554 | 2,144 | 4,411 | 1,567 | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 1,116 | 1,116 | 103 | 1,182 | 1,483 | 111 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | - | - | - | 97 | 104 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | - | - | 94 | 100 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | 3,206 | 5,455 | 1,657 | 3,547 | 6,130 | 1,687 | ||||||||||||||||||
With no related allowance recorded: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | 193 | 201 | - | 203 | 209 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 192 | 312 | - | 317 | 451 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 1,861 | 2,111 | - | 1,368 | 1,605 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 6,003 | 6,471 | - | 6,216 | 6,673 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | 746 | 847 | - | 921 | 1,024 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | 8,995 | 9,942 | - | 9,025 | 9,962 | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | 193 | 201 | - | 233 | 241 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 2,282 | 4,651 | 1,554 | 2,461 | 4,862 | 1,567 | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 2,977 | 3,227 | 103 | 2,550 | 3,088 | 111 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 6,003 | 6,471 | - | 6,313 | 6,777 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | 746 | 847 | - | 1,015 | 1,124 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Impaired Loans | $ | 12,201 | $ | 15,397 | $ | 1,657 | $ | 12,572 | $ | 16,092 | $ | 1,687 |
13 |
The following shows information pertaining to the recorded investment in impaired loans for the three months ended:
March 31, 2015 | March 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||
Average Outstanding Balance | Interest Income Recognized | Average Outstanding Balance | Interest Income Recognized | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | 228 | $ | - | $ | 373 | $ | 2 | ||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 2,454 | 9 | 2,696 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 2,896 | 22 | 6,037 | 48 | ||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 6,226 | 52 | 8,017 | 59 | ||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | 733 | 7 | 1,808 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 110 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
Total | $ | 12,647 | $ | 90 | $ | 18,931 | $ | 130 |
For loans where impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, subsequent changes in present value and related allowance adjustments resulting from the passage of time are accounted within the provision for loan losses rather than interest income.
Troubled Debt Restructurings
The Corporation may agree to modify the terms of a loan to improve its ability to collect amounts due. The modified terms are intended to enable customers to mitigate the risk of foreclosure by creating a payment structure that provides for continued loan payment requirements based on their current cash flow ability. Modifications, including renewals, where concessions are made by the Bank and result from the debtor’s financial difficulties are considered troubled debt restructurings (TDRs).
Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the modification includes terms outside of normal lending practices (i.e., concessions) to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties.
Typical concessions granted include, but are not limited to:
1. | Agreeing to interest rates below prevailing market rates for debt with similar risk characteristics |
2. | Extending the amortization period beyond typical lending guidelines for debt with similar risk characteristics |
3. | Forbearance of principal |
4. | Forbearance of accrued interest |
To determine if a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the Corporation considers if:
1. | The borrower is currently in default on any other of their debt |
2. | It is likely that the borrower would default on any of their debt if the concession was not granted |
3. | The borrower’s cash flow was sufficient to service all of their debt if the concession was not granted |
4. | The borrower has declared, or is in the process of declaring bankruptcy |
5. | The borrower is a going concern (if the entity is a business) |
The following summarizes troubled debt restructurings:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding Recorded Investment | Outstanding Recorded Investment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing | Nonaccrual | Total | Accruing | Nonaccrual | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | - | $ | 97 | $ | 97 | $ | - | $ | 104 | $ | 104 | ||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | 777 | 1,487 | 2,264 | 769 | 1,512 | 2,281 | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | 1,565 | 888 | 2,453 | 1,586 | 907 | 2,493 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 4,087 | 574 | 4,661 | 4,165 | 566 | 4,731 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | 489 | 147 | 636 | 497 | 153 | 650 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 823 | 1,027 | 1,850 | 808 | 1,002 | 1,810 | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 53 | 7 | 60 | 54 | 8 | 62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 4 | 6 | 10 | 5 | 37 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 7,798 | $ | 4,233 | $ | 12,031 | $ | 7,884 | $ | 4,289 | $ | 12,173 |
14 |
Troubled debt restructured loans may qualify for return to accrual status if the borrower complies with the revised terms and conditions and has demonstrated sustained payment performance consistent with the modified terms for a minimum of six consecutive payment cycles after the restructuring date. In addition, the collection of future payments must be reasonably assured.
The following presents information regarding existing loans that were restructured, resulting in the loan being classified as a troubled debt restructuring:
Loans Restructured in the Three Months | Loans Restructured in the Three Months | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Ended March 31, 2015 | Ended March 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre- Modification | Post-Modification | Pre- Modification | Post-Modification | |||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Recorded | Recorded | Number | Recorded | Recorded | |||||||||||||||||||
of Loans | Investment | Investment | of Loans | Investment | Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | - | - | - | 1 | 35 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | 1 | 27 | 27 | 1 | 212 | 212 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | 1 | 15 | 15 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | 1 | 64 | 64 | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | 3 | $ | 106 | $ | 106 | 2 | $ | 247 | $ | 247 |
During the three months ended March 31, 2015, the Corporation had two TDR loans with a recorded investment of $66,000 that defaulted within 12 months of restructuring. During the three months ended March 31, 2014 there were no payment defaults on TDR loans. A loan is considered to be in payment default generally once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms.
The following summarizes the nature of concessions granted by the Corporation to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties which resulted in troubled debt restructurings:
Non-Market Interest Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Extension of | and Extension of | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Market Interest Rate | Amortization Period | Amortization Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-Modification | Pre-Modification | Pre-Modification | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Recorded | Number | Recorded | Number | Recorded | |||||||||||||||||||
of Loans | Investment | of Loans | Investment | of Loans | Investment | |||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | - | - | 1 | 27 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | 1 | 15 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | 1 | 64 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | - | $ | - | 3 | $ | 106 | - | $ | - | |||||||||||||||
Three months ended March 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial | - | $ | - | $ | - | - | $ | - | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Construction, land development, and other land | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Owner occupied | - | - | 1 | 35 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Nonowner occupied | - | - | 1 | 212 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer real estate: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial purpose | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage - Residential | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Home equity and home equity lines of credit | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer and Other | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | - | $ | - | 2 | $ | 247 | - | $ | - |
During the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no non-market interest rate restructurings of substandard performing loans that were renewed at their existing contractual rates or non-market rates. Renewals of substandard performing loans at non-market interest rates are considered troubled debt restructurings.
15 |
6. Fair ValueMeasurements
ASC Topic 820 defines fair value and establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Fair values represent the estimated price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability, otherwise known as an “exit price”. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be derived from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The following is a description of the Corporation’s valuation methodologies used to measure and disclose the fair values of its financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis:
Securities available for sale. Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based on quoted prices, if available (Level 1). If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models such as matrix pricing models (Level 2). Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the financial industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. Level 2 securities include U.S. government and agency securities, other U.S. government and agency mortgage-backed securities, municipal bonds and preferred stock securities. Level 3 securities include private collateralized mortgage obligations. The fair value measurement of our only Level 3 security, a non-investment grade, non-government agency CMO, and details regarding significant inputs and assumptions used in estimating its fair value, is detailed in Note 3, Securities.
Fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis:
Quoted Prices in | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
Active Markets for | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
Identical Assets | Inputs | Inputs | ||||||||||||||
Total | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | 113,960 | $ | - | $ | 112,843 | $ | 1,117 | ||||||||
U.S. Agency | 10,459 | - | 10,459 | - | ||||||||||||
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,601 | - | 1,601 | - | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 322 | - | 322 | - | ||||||||||||
Total investment securities available for sale | $ | 126,342 | $ | - | $ | 125,225 | $ | 1,117 | ||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed/CMO | $ | 107,137 | $ | - | $ | 105,942 | $ | 1,195 | ||||||||
U.S. Agency | 23,130 | - | 23,130 | - | ||||||||||||
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,605 | - | 1,605 | - | ||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 303 | - | 303 | - | ||||||||||||
Total investment securities available for sale | $ | 132,175 | $ | - | $ | 130,980 | $ | 1,195 |
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the asset classified by the Corporation within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the three months ended March 31, 2015 is as follows:
Fair Value Measurement | ||||
Using Significant | ||||
Unobservable Inputs | ||||
(Level 3) | ||||
Fair value of non-government agency CMO security, beginning of year(1) | $ | 1,195 | ||
Total gains (losses) realized/unrealized: | ||||
Included in earnings(2) | - | |||
Included in other comprehensive income (2) | 1 | |||
Purchases, issuances, and other settlements | (79 | ) | ||
Transfers into Level 3 | - | |||
Fair value of non-government agency CMO security, March 31, 2015 | $ | 1,117 | ||
Total amount of losses for the year included in earnings attributable to the | ||||
change in unrealized losses relating to assets still held at March 31, 2015 | $ | - |
(1) | Non-government agency CMO classified as available for sale is valued using internal valuation models and pricing information from third parties. |
(2) | Realized gains (losses), including unrealized losses deemed other-than-temporary, are reported in noninterest income. Unrealized gains (losses) are reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). |
The following is a description of the Corporation’s valuation methodologies used to measure and disclose the fair values of its financial assets and liabilities on a non-recurring basis:
Loans. The Corporation does not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, the Corporation records nonrecurring fair value adjustments to collateral dependent loans to reflect partial write-downs or specific reserves that are based on the observable market price or current appraised value of the collateral. These loans are reported in the nonrecurring table below at initial recognition of impairment and on an ongoing basis until recovery or charge off. When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Corporation records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 2. When a current appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Corporation records the impaired loan as nonrecurring Level 3.
16 |
Other real estate owned.Real estate acquired through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu is adjusted to fair value less costs to sell upon transfer of the loan to other real estate owned, usually based on an appraisal of the property. Subsequently, other real estate owned is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less cost to sell. A valuation based on a current appraisal or by a broker’s opinion is considered a Level 2 fair value. If management determines the fair value of the property is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Corporation records the property as nonrecurring Level 3.
Fair value of assets on a non-recurring basis:
Quoted Prices in | Significant Other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
Active Markets for | Observable | Unobservable | ||||||||||||||
Identical Assets | Inputs | Inputs | ||||||||||||||
Total | (Level 1) | (Level 2) | (Level 3) | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
Impaired loans(1) | $ | 10,544 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 10,544 | ||||||||
Other real estate owned | $ | 1,052 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,052 | ||||||||
December 31, 2014 | ||||||||||||||||
Impaired loans(1) | $ | 10,885 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 10,885 | ||||||||
Other real estate owned | $ | 1,174 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,174 |
(1) | Represents carrying value and related write-downs and specific reserves pertaining to collateral dependent loans for which adjustments are based on the appraised value of the collateral or by other unobservable inputs. |
7. Fair Valueof Financial Instruments
Fair value disclosures require fair-value information about financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair-value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, cannot be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument.
Fair-value methods and assumptions for the Corporation’s financial instruments are as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents – The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet for cash and short term investments reasonably approximate those assets’ fair values.
Investment securities – Fair values for investment securities are determined as discussed above.
FHLBI and FRB stock – The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheet for FHLBI and FRB stock reasonably approximate those assets’ fair values.
Loans – For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently, fair values are generally based on carrying values, adjusted for credit risk. The fair value of fixed-rate loans is estimated by discounting future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.
Accrued interest income – The carrying amount of accrued interest income is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Deposit liabilities – The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as demand deposit, NOW, savings, and money market accounts, is equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of certificates of deposit is estimated using rates currently offered for wholesale funds with similar remaining maturities.
Accrued interest payable – The carrying amount of accrued interest payable is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Off-balance-sheet instruments – The fair value of commitments to extend credit is estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties. For fixed-rate loan commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates. The fair value of commitments to extend credit, including letters of credit, is estimated to approximate their aggregate book balance and is not considered material and therefore not included in the following table.
17 |
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||
Level in Fair Value Hierarchy | Carrying Value | Fair Value | Carrying Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
Financial assets: | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 | $ | 32,853 | $ | 32,853 | $ | 26,138 | $ | 26,138 | |||||||||
Short term investments | Level 2 | 198 | 198 | 198 | 198 | |||||||||||||
Investment and mortgage-backed securities | Level 2 | 125,225 | 125,225 | 130,980 | 130,980 | |||||||||||||
Non-government agency CMO security | Level 3 | 1,117 | 1,117 | 1,195 | 1,195 | |||||||||||||
FHLBI and FRB stock | Level 2 | 1,140 | 1,140 | 1,140 | 1,140 | |||||||||||||
Loans, net | Level 3 | 155,123 | 155,155 | 152,937 | 153,284 | |||||||||||||
Accrued interest income | Level 2 | 710 | 710 | 683 | 683 | |||||||||||||
Financial liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | Level 2 | 292,651 | 287,820 | 290,379 | 284,225 | |||||||||||||
Accrued interest expense | Level 2 | 54 | 54 | 59 | 59 |
Limitations
Fair-value estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discounts that could result from offering for sale at one time the Corporation’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Corporation’s financial instruments, fair-value estimates are based on judgments regarding future loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment, and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
8. Shareholders’ Equity
On December 11, 2013, the Corporation closed a private placement offering to accredited investors and issued 17,510 shares of its Mandatorily Convertible Non-Cumulative Junior Participating Preferred Stock, Series B (the “Series B Preferred Shares”). The transaction generated gross proceeds to the Corporation of approximately $17.5 million and provided additional equity of approximately $16.5 million after related offering costs. At that time, shares of preferred stock were offered in the private placement instead of common stock because the Corporation did not have a sufficient number of authorized common shares to raise the desired amount of capital needed from the private placement.
On March 27, 2014, the Corporation completed the issuance and sale of new shares of common stock to shareholders of record on January 8, 2014 pursuant to a rights offering that was registered with the SEC. The Corporation issued a total of approximately 2.3 million common shares in the rights offering. The rights offering generated gross proceeds of approximately $1.6 million and provided additional equity to the Corporation of approximately $1.5 million, after offering costs.
At the Corporation’s annual shareholder meeting held on May 22, 2014, shareholders voted to amend the Corporation’s Restated Articles of Incorporation to increase the amount of authorized shares of common stock from 11 million to 40 million shares. The increase in authorized common shares triggered the mandatory conversion of the Series B Preferred Shares to common stock, pursuant to the Certificate of Designation of the Series B Shares, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 6, 2013. As a result, effective May 22, 2014, the 17,510 issued and outstanding shares of Series B Preferred Shares were converted into 25,014,256 shares of common stock at a rate of $0.70 per share of common stock.
Prior to the conversion into common stock, the terms of the Series B Preferred Shares were substantially identical to the terms applicable to the outstanding common stock with respect to dividends, distributions, voting, and all other matters.
Given the parity of the rights and limitations and the lack of preferences of the Series B Preferred Shares relative to the Corporation's common stock, the Series B Preferred Shares were, for all purposes, considered a common stock equivalent while they were outstanding.
Because the sale of the Series B Preferred Shares was not registered under federal securities laws pursuant to an exemption from such registration requirements, the related shares of common stock issued upon conversion of the Series B Preferred Shares are also not registered under federal securities laws.
9. Net Income per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share are based on the weighted average number of common shares and participating securities outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share are the same as basic earnings per share because any additional potential common shares issuable are included in the basic earnings per share calculation. On January 1, 2009, the Corporation adopted new guidance impacting ASC Topic 260,Earnings Per Share, related to determining whether instruments granted in a share-based payment transaction are participating securities. This guidance requires that unvested stock awards which contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid (referred to as “participating securities”), be included in the number of shares outstanding for both basic and diluted earnings per share calculations. There were no participating securities at March 31, 2015 and 2014.
For purposes of determining basic and diluted net income per share for 2015 and 2014, while the Corporation’s 17,510 shares of Series B Preferred Shares were outstanding (issued on December 11, 2013 and converted into common stock on May 22, 2014), the shares were considered a common stock equivalent and converted to common shares at a rate reflecting a price per share of common stock of $0.70.
18 |
The following presents basic and diluted net income per share:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Weighted average basic and diluted common shares outstanding | 27,770,379 | 557,989 | ||||||
Weighted average common stock equivalent preferred shares outstanding, as converted | - | 25,014,285 | ||||||
Total weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding | 27,770,379 | 25,572,274 | ||||||
Net income available to shareholders | $ | 133 | $ | 49 | ||||
Basic and diluted net income per share | $ | 0.00 | $ | 0.00 |
10. Income Taxes
For the three month periods ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, the Corporation recognized current income tax expense of $12,000 and $5,000 based on its alternative minimum taxable income. No regular income tax expense was recognized during the three month periods ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 due to the Corporation’s tax loss carryforward position.
11. Subsequent Event
On May 5, 2015, the Corporation submitted notice to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to initiate deregistration as an SEC reporting company. The decision to deregister resulted from the Board’s intent to maximize long-term shareholder value based on an evaluation of the costs and benefits of remaining an SEC reporting company. The decision follows adoption of the federal “JOBS Act”, which allows bank holding companies with fewer than 1,200 shareholders of record to deregister. The Corporation’s deregistration is expected to become effective in early August 2015, at which time its usual SEC reporting obligations (e.g., annual Form 10-K, quarterly Form 10-Qs, and current reports on Form 8-K) will be suspended.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The Corporation, a Michigan business corporation, is a one bank holding company which owns all of the outstanding capital stock of First National Bank in Howell (the Bank) and all of the outstanding stock of HB Realty Co., Inc. The following is a discussion of the Corporation’s regulatory condition and results of operations, for the three month periods ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, and the Corporation’s financial condition, focusing on its liquidity and capital resources.
The level of regulatory enforcement action taken against the Bank by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) escalated from a formal agreement entered in October 2008 to the issuance of a Consent Order in September 2009, which was subsequently revised and reissued as a new Consent Order in October 2013 (the “Consent Order”). Pursuant to the new Consent Order, the Bank continues to be required to maintain total capital equal to 11% of risk weighted assets and Tier 1 capital equal to at least 8.5% of adjusted total assets. Since December 31, 2013, the Bank has satisfied these required minimum ratios due to receipt of capital infusions from the Corporation of $15.4 million in December 2013 and $550,000 in March 2014, using proceeds from the Corporation’s completion of a private placement transaction in December 2013 and a rights offering completed in March 2014.
However, despite exceeding minimum regulatory capital ratios for a well-capitalized institution at March 31, 2015, the Bank is presently categorized as “adequately capitalized” for purposes of the OCC’s Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) enforcement powers because the Bank remains subject to the new Consent Order. As a result of this classification, for purposes of PCA, the Bank is subject to a number of additional restrictions. These include, among other things, (1) restrictions on the payment of dividends, capital distributions and management fees, (2) the requirement that the Bank obtain prior written approval of the OCC before paying any bonus or increase in the compensation of any senior executive officer of the Bank, (3) prohibitions on the acceptance of employee benefit plan deposits, (4) restrictions on interest rates paid on deposits, and (5) restrictions on the acceptance, renewal, or roll-over of brokered deposits. The Bank's capital category is determined solely for purposes of applying PCA; the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the Bank's overall financial condition or prospects.
The Consent Order imposes many other requirements on the Bank in addition to the minimum capital ratios. The Bank must comply with these requirements in order to avoid further regulatory enforcement action. As long as the Bank is subject to the Consent Order, the financial performance of the Corporation will be adversely impacted by elevated FDIC insurance premiums paid by the Bank and ongoing costs incurred to correct deficiencies underlying the requirements of the Consent Order.
The Corporation also remains challenged to a great extent by the economic conditions in Livingston County and the surrounding area. In particular, Michigan’s unemployment rate for March 2015 approximated 5.6% and remains in the worst half of all states, although vastly improved from highs near 14% during 2009. Unlike larger banks that are more geographically diversified, we provide banking services to customers primarily in Livingston County. Our loan portfolio, the ability of the borrowers to repay these loans, and the value of the collateral securing these loans is impacted by local economic conditions. The dramatic declines in the housing market in recent years, with falling home prices and elevated levels of foreclosures and unemployment, resulted in and may continue to cause significant write-downs of asset values by us and other financial institutions if borrowers continue to struggle. The continued economic difficulties in Michigan have had and may continue to have many adverse consequences as described below in “Loans”.
At March 31, 2015, our ratio of nonperforming assets to capital plus allowance for loan losses continues to be elevated and approximated 24%. As described elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, we have established our allowance for loan losses at a level we currently believe, based on the data available to us, is sufficient to absorb expected losses in our loan portfolio. However, this process involves a very significant degree of judgment, is based on numerous different assumptions that are difficult to make and, by its nature, is inherently uncertain. Moreover, the performance of our existing loan portfolio is, in many respects, dependent on external factors such as our borrowers' ability to repay their loan obligations and the value of collateral securing those obligations, which in turn depend on macro and micro economic conditions including the pace of economic recovery in southeast Michigan. If our loan portfolio performs worse than we currently expect, we may not have sufficient capital to absorb all of the losses and still maintain the minimum capital levels required under the Consent Order.
19 |
As fully described in Note 2, “Regulatory Matters and Recovery Initiatives”, of the consolidated financial statements included in the 2014 Annual Report within the Corporation’s Form 10-K filing, management has undertaken various initiatives to address the current challenges facing the Bank. The successful implementation of the various actions being undertaken by management will be difficult in the current economic environment. Even if such actions are successfully implemented, such strategy or results may not be sufficient to sustain the Bank's capital levels at satisfactory levels, guarantee profitability in 2015, or otherwise ensure the modification or discharge of existing regulatory enforcement actions imposed on the Bank.
In response to these regulatory actions, difficult market conditions and significant losses incurred from 2007 through 2011, we have taken steps or initiated action plans to restore and maintain our capital levels, improve our operations and return to profitability, with the primary objective of fully satisfying all requirements of the Consent Order in as timely a manner as possible.
There can be no assurance that management’s efforts will improve the Bank’s financial condition. Further deterioration of the Bank’s capital position is possible. The current economic environment in southeast Michigan and local real estate market conditions will continue to impose challenges on the Bank.
It is against this backdrop that we discuss our financial condition and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2015 compared to the same period in 2014.
Earnings | ||||||||
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 133 | $ | 49 | ||||
Basic and diluted net income per share | - | - |
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2015 increased $84,000 compared to the same period last year. Net interest income increased by $15,000, noninterest income decreased by $70,000 and noninterest expense decreased by $146,000. No provision for loan losses was recognized in the first quarter of 2015 or 2014.
Net Interest Income | Three months ended March 31, | |||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||
Interest and dividend income | $ | 2,440 | $ | 2,493 | ||||
Interest expense | 140 | 208 | ||||||
Net Interest Income | $ | 2,300 | $ | 2,285 |
20 |
Interest Yields and Costs
The following shows the daily average balances for major categories of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, interest earned (on a taxable equivalent basis) or paid, and the effective rate or yield as follows:
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Yield/ | Average | Yield/ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance | Interest | Rate | Balance | Interest | Rate | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short term investments | $ | 198 | $ | 0.1 | 0.23 | % | $ | 198 | $ | 0.1 | 0.23 | % | ||||||||||||
Securities: Taxable | 128,144 | 546.5 | 1.71 | % | 91,877 | 380.2 | 1.66 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt (1) | 831 | 12.5 | 6.00 | % | 1,032 | 15.5 | 5.99 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans(2)(3) | 130,375 | 1,577.6 | 4.84 | % | 135,852 | 1,819.2 | 5.36 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Consumer loans(2)(3) | 18,118 | 213.8 | 4.79 | % | 16,067 | 183.1 | 4.62 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Mortgage loans(2)(3) | 13,023 | 96.6 | 2.97 | % | 11,839 | 104.6 | 3.53 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total earning assets and total interest income | 290,689 | $ | 2,447.1 | 3.37 | % | 256,865 | $ | 2,502.7 | 3.90 | % | ||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 28,688 | 56,852 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
All other assets | 10,337 | 9,197 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (7,148 | ) | (9,240 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 322,566 | $ | 313,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest bearing deposits: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
NOW | $ | 32,735 | $ | 2.1 | 0.03 | % | $ | 30,689 | $ | 2.2 | 0.03 | % | ||||||||||||
Savings | 43,712 | 2.4 | 0.02 | % | 45,073 | 2.2 | 0.02 | % | ||||||||||||||||
MMDA | 49,430 | 25.8 | 0.22 | % | 40,816 | 38.5 | 0.38 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Time deposits | 67,332 | 109.8 | 0.66 | % | 78,052 | 164.9 | 0.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total interest bearing liabilities and total interest expense | 193,209 | 140.1 | 0.30 | % | 194,630 | 207.8 | 0.43 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest bearing deposits | 97,362 | 91,206 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
All other liabilities | 1,471 | 1,902 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Shareholders' equity | 31,524 | 25,936 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 323,566 | $ | 313,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest spread | 3.07 | % | 3.47 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income-FTE | $ | 2,307.0 | $ | 2,294.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 3.18 | % | 3.57 | % |
(1) | Average yields in the above table have been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis using a 34% tax rate and exclude the effect of any unrealized market value adjustments included in other comprehensive income recorded under ASC Topic 320,Investments – Debt and Equity Securities. |
(2) | For purposes of the computation above, average non-accruing loans of $8.0 million and $11.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 are included in the average daily balance. |
(3) | Interest on loans includes origination fees totaling $11,000 and $23,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014. |
Interest Earning Asset/Interest Income
On a tax equivalent basis, interest income decreased $56,000 (2.2%) in the first quarter of 2015 compared to the first quarter of 2014. The decrease was due to a decrease in the yield on average earning assets of 53 basis points partially offset by an increase in average earning assets of $33.8 million (13.2%).
The average balance of securities increased $36.1 million (38.8%) in the first quarter of 2015 compared to the same period in 2014. The increase was due to purchases of additional investment securities throughout 2014 using excess on-balance sheet liquidity made available from existing investment and loan portfolio run-off. The yield on average security balances increased 3 basis points in the first quarter of 2015 compared to the first quarter of 2014 due to higher yields on new securities acquired during 2014.
Loan average balances decreased $2.2 million (1.4%) in the first quarter of 2015 compared to the same period last year and average loan yield decreased 47 basis points. The largest decline in terms of average balances was commercial loans, the majority of our portfolio, which decreased $5.5 million (4.0%) in the first quarter of 2015 compared to 2014. Commercial loan yield decreased 52 basis points compared to the same prior year period due to a decrease in interest income recognized on payoffs of nonaccrual loans, less interest income recognized under the effective yield method for certain loans previously on nonaccrual status, and generally lower yields on loans renewed and originated in the current rate environment. Commercial loans have continued to decrease from receipt of scheduled payments, full pay-offs as some borrowers refinanced at other financial institutions and limited new loan originations. We expect the renewal of maturing loans and origination of new loans in the current lower rate environment will continue to exert downward pressure on our average loan portfolio yields.
21 |
Interest Bearing Liabilities/Interest Expense
Interest expense on deposits for the first quarter of 2015 decreased $68,000 (32.6%) compared to the first quarter of 2014. This was the result of lower interest rates paid on average deposits of 13 basis points and a net decrease in average interest bearing deposits of $1.4 million (0.7%), which included a $10.7 million (13.7%) decrease in average time deposits, a portion of which migrated into lower cost MMDA, NOW and noninterest bearing balances.
Liquidity and Funds Management
Liquidity is managed to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of funds to satisfy demand for credit, deposit withdrawals and investment opportunities. Liquidity risk is the risk of the Corporation being unable to meet current and future financial obligations in a timely manner. To manage liquidity risk the Corporation relies primarily on a large, stable core deposit base, excess on-balance sheet cash positions and a readily marketable available for sale investment portfolio. Additionally, the Corporation has access to certain wholesale funding sources (as discussed below) to manage unexpected liquidity needs.
The Corporation identifies, measures and monitors its liquidity profile. The profile is evaluated daily, weekly and monthly by analyzing the composition of all funding sources, reviewing projected liquidity commitments by future month and identifying sources and uses of funds. A contingency funding plan is also prepared that details the potential erosion of funds in the event of a systemic financial market crisis or different levels of institution-specific stress. In addition, the overall management of the Corporation’s liquidity position is integrated into retail deposit pricing policies to ensure a stable core deposit base.
Asset liquidity for financial institutions typically consists of cash and cash equivalents, certificates of deposits and investment securities available for sale. These categories totaled $159.4 million at March 31, 2015 or about 49.0% of total assets. This compares to $158.5 million or about 49.1% of total assets at December 31, 2014. Liquidity is important for financial institutions because of their need to meet loan funding commitments and depositor withdrawal requests. Liquidity can vary significantly on a daily basis based on customer activity.
The core deposit base is the primary source of the Corporation’s liquidity. Management monitors rates at other financial institutions in the area to ascertain that its rates are competitive in the market. Management also attempts to offer a wide variety of products to meet the needs of its customers. The make-up of the Bank’s “Large Certificates”, which are generally considered to be more volatile and sensitive to changes in rates, consists principally of local depositors known to the Bank. The Bank had Large Certificates totaling approximately $25.9 million at March 31, 2015 and $26.5 million at December 31, 2014. Due to the Bank’s classification as “adequately capitalized” for PCA purposes, it may not renew or issue brokered deposits without prior approval of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). See the “Capital” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis for further details.
Of the Corporation’s available liquidity at March 31, 2015 noted above, investment securities with a fair value of approximately $51.1 million were pledged primarily for borrowing availability on a line of credit from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis (FHLBI) and to secure public deposits, or for other purposes as required or permitted by law.
The Corporation also has available unused wholesale sources of liquidity, including borrowing availability from the FHLBI. In the past, the Corporation has also issued certificates of deposit through brokers.
The Corporation’s liquidity could be adversely affected by both direct and indirect circumstances. An example of a direct event would be restrictions imposed by regulators due to factors such as deterioration in asset quality, a large charge to earnings, a decline in profitability or other financial measures. Examples of indirect events unrelated to the Corporation that could have an effect on the Corporation’s access to liquidity would be terrorism or war, natural disasters, political events, or the default or bankruptcy of a major corporation, mutual fund or hedge fund. Similarly, market speculation or rumors about the Corporation or the banking industry in general may adversely affect the cost and availability of normal funding sources.
The Corporation maintains a liquidity contingency plan that outlines the process for addressing a potential liquidity crisis. The plan provides for an evaluation of funding sources under various market conditions. It also assigns specific roles and responsibilities for effectively managing liquidity though a problem period.
It is Bank management’s intention to handle unexpected liquidity needs through its cash and cash equivalents and FHLBI borrowings. At March 31, 2015, the Bank had a $21.6 million line of credit available at the FHLBI for which the Bank has pledged investment securities and certain commercial and consumer loans secured by residential real estate as collateral. At March 31, 2015, the Bank had no borrowings outstanding against the line of credit. In addition, during the quarter ended March 31, 2015, the Bank made no short-term borrowings on the line of credit for liquidity needs or other purposes.
Although the Bank has established the line of credit with the FHLBI, because of its regulatory status, any borrowing requests are subject to review (i.e., for purpose and repayment ability) and approval by the FHLBI. Consequently, full borrowing availability under the existing line may be restricted at the lender’s discretion and terms may be limited or restricted. However, in the event the Bank may need additional funding and be unable to access the line of credit facility, management could act to remove the pledge of investment securities presently securing a portion of the FHLBI line of credit, thereby allowing such securities to be liquidated to provide further liquidity. If necessary, the Bank could also satisfy unexpected liquidity needs through liquidation of other unpledged securities.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The current economic outlook and its potential impact on the Bank and current interest rate forecasts are reviewed monthly to determine the potential impact on the Corporation’s performance. Actual results are compared to budget in terms of growth and income. A yield and cost analysis is done to monitor interest margin. Various ratios are monitored including capital ratios and liquidity. Also, the quality of the loan portfolio is reviewed in light of the current allowance for loan losses, and the Bank’s exposure to market risk is reviewed.
Interest rate risk is the potential for economic losses due to future rate changes and can be reflected as a loss of future net interest income and/or a loss of current market values. The Corporation’s Asset/Liability Management Committee’s (ALCO) objective is to measure the effect on net interest income and to adjust the balance sheet to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximizing income. Tools used by management include the standard GAP report which reflects the repricing schedule for various asset and liability categories and an interest rate shock simulation report. The Bank has no market risk sensitive instruments held for trading purposes. However, the Bank is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers including commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. A commitment or letter of credit is not recorded as an asset until the instrument is exercised.
22 |
Below shows the scheduled maturity and repricing of the Corporation’s interest sensitive term assets and liabilities as well as the expected retention terms of non-maturity deposit accounts as of March 31, 2015:
0-3 | 4-12 | 1-5 | 5+ | |||||||||||||||||
Months | Months | Years | Years | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loans | $ | 41,982 | $ | 51,916 | $ | 67,853 | $ | 534 | $ | 162,285 | ||||||||||
Securities | 9,555 | 22,016 | 57,398 | 38,513 | 127,482 | |||||||||||||||
Short term investments | 198 | - | - | - | 198 | |||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 51,735 | $ | 73,932 | $ | 125,251 | $ | 39,047 | $ | 289,965 | ||||||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
NOW, savings, and MMDA | $ | 3,765 | $ | 11,296 | $ | 60,241 | $ | 53,208 | $ | 128,510 | ||||||||||
Time deposits | 9,238 | 29,873 | 27,139 | 1 | 66,251 | |||||||||||||||
Total liabilities | $ | 13,003 | $ | 41,169 | $ | 87,380 | $ | 53,209 | $ | 194,761 | ||||||||||
Rate sensitivity GAP: | ||||||||||||||||||||
GAP for period | $ | 38,732 | $ | 32,763 | $ | 37,871 | $ | (14,162 | ) | |||||||||||
Cumulative GAP | 38,732 | 71,495 | 109,366 | 95,204 | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 cumulative sensitive ratio | 3.98 | 2.32 | 1.77 | 1.49 | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 cumulative sensitive ratio | 3.49 | 2.32 | 1.79 | 1.56 |
Core non-maturity deposits such as NOW, savings and MMDA are an important stable source of funding and represent significant value to the Corporation. Although these deposits may re-price earlier than what is shown in the preceding table, they are generally less rate sensitive than other non-core funding sources. Allocations for our core non-maturity deposits are made to time periods based on a core deposit study which was performed by a third-party specialist based on the Corporation’s historical experience.
In the GAP table above, the short term (one year and less) cumulative interest rate sensitivity is 232% asset sensitive at March 31, 2015.
Because of the Bank’s asset sensitive position, if market interest rates increase, this positive GAP position indicates that the interest margin would be positively affected. However, GAP analysis is limited and may not provide an accurate indication of the impact of general interest rate movements on the net interest margin since repricing of various categories of assets and liabilities is subject to the Bank’s needs, competitive pressures, and the needs of the Bank’s customers. In addition, various assets and liabilities indicated as repricing within the same period may in fact reprice at different times within the period and at different rate indices. Due to these inherent limitations in the GAP analysis, the Corporation also utilizes simulation modeling, which measures the impact of upward and downward movements of interest rates on interest margin and indicates that a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates would reduce net interest income by approximately 2.8% in the first year, while a 200 basis point increase in interest rates would increase net interest income by approximately 6.4% in the first year. This is influenced by the assumptions regarding how quickly and to what extent liabilities will reprice with a change in interest rates.
Loans
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Provision for loan losses | $ | - | $ | - |
In the first quarter of 2015 and 2014 the Bank recorded no provision expense. In general, the lack of provision expense in the first quarter of 2015 continues to reflect decreasing trends in the levels of existing and newly identified nonperforming loans, stabilization in the real estate values securing certain problem credits, substantially reduced charge-offs and six trailing quarters of net recoveries, continued improvement in our rolling quarterly loss history (as significant prior quarter losses have exited the ALLL analysis), and limited net growth in the overall loan portfolio. Loan charge offs for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 totaled $45,000 and $86,000, respectively. Loan recoveries for the respective periods amounted to $98,000 and $111,000.
Management considered these factors in conjunction with its quarterly analysis of the loan portfolio to identify and quantify the level of credit risk to estimate losses in its determination that no provision expense was required for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and determination of the adequacy of the $7.2 million allowance for loan losses at March 31, 2015. Absent unforeseen further deterioration in the economy and based on the present trends in the loan portfolio and the anticipated continued improvement in our loss history as significant prior year charge offs continue to exit the rolling quarterly look back period, it is reasonably likely that future negative provision expense will be necessary to maintain the directional consistency of the overall level of the allowance with the actual performance of the loan portfolio. While we cannot predict or guarantee the amount or timing of any potential additional future negative provision expense, it is possible any such negative provision expense could contribute substantially to earnings and enhance book value per share.
Loan and Asset Quality
The following table reflects the composition of the commercial and consumer loans in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Included in the residential first mortgage totals below are the “real estate mortgage” loans listed in the Consolidated Financial Statements and other loans to customers who pledge their homes as collateral for their borrowings. A portion of the loans listed in residential first mortgages represent commercial loans where the borrower has pledged a 1 – 4 family residential property as collateral. In the majority of the loans to commercial customers, the Bank is relying on the borrower’s cash flow to service the loans.
23 |
The following table shows the balance and percentage composition of loans as of:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||
Balances | Percent | Balances | Percent | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Secured by real estate: | ||||||||||||||||
Residential first mortgage | $ | 20,490 | 12.6 | % | $ | 15,880 | 10.7 | % | ||||||||
Residential home equity/other junior liens | 11,294 | 7.0 | % | 10,827 | 6.8 | % | ||||||||||
Construction, land development and other land | 4,612 | 2.8 | % | 5,050 | 3.5 | % | ||||||||||
Commercial (nonfarm, nonresidential) | 103,351 | 63.6 | % | 106,874 | 66.1 | % | ||||||||||
Commercial | 15,682 | 9.7 | % | 15,130 | 9.1 | % | ||||||||||
Consumer and Other | 7,006 | 4.3 | % | 6,444 | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||
Total gross loans | 162,435 | 100.0 | % | 160,205 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Net unearned fees | (150 | ) | (159 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total Loans | $ | 162,285 | $ | 160,046 |
The loan portfolio experienced a net increase of $2.2 million (1.4%) in the three months ended March 31, 2015. Residential first mortgages increased $4.6 million (29.0%) due to the purchase of approximately $4.7 million of residential first mortgage participations. The commercial real estate portfolio (i.e., owner occupied and nonowner occupied) decreased $3.5 million (3.3%) primarily due to a $2.7 million payoff of an out-of-market mini storage loan refinanced by another financial institution and continued receipt of scheduled loan payments, which when combined, exceeded new loan originations. Commercial loans increased $552,000 (3.6%), largely due to a significant borrower’s seasonal line utilization. Residential home equity loans increased $467,000 (4.3%) and consumer loans increased $562,000 (8.7%) in response to successful initiatives within our retail branches and increased indirect lending volumes.
Nonperforming assets consist of loans accounted for on a nonaccrual basis, loans contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments (but not included in nonaccrual loans), and other real estate which has been acquired through foreclosure and is actively managed through the time of disposition to minimize loss. Nonperforming loans include troubled debt restructured loans that are on nonaccrual status or past due 90 days or more. At March 31, 2015, December 31, 2014 and March 31, 2014, there were $4.2 million, $4.3 million and $8.7 million of troubled debt restructurings included in nonperforming loans. Troubled debt restructured loans (“TDRs”) that are not past due 90 days or more are excluded from nonperforming loan totals.
The aggregate amount of nonperforming loans and other nonperforming assets are presented below:
Nonperforming Loans and Assets: | March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | March 31, 2014 | |||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Nonaccrual loans | $ | 8,261 | $ | 8,304 | $ | 11,446 | ||||||
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing | 88 | 4 | - | |||||||||
Total nonperforming loans | 8,349 | 8,308 | 11,446 | |||||||||
Other real estate | 1,052 | 1,174 | 1,032 | |||||||||
Total nonperforming assets | $ | 9,401 | $ | 9,482 | $ | 12,478 | ||||||
Nonperforming loans as a percent of total loans | 5.14 | % | 5.19 | % | 7.09 | % | ||||||
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of nonperforming loans | 85.78 | % | 85.57 | % | 80.72 | % | ||||||
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total loans and other real estate | 5.76 | % | 5.88 | % | 7.68 | % |
Nonperforming loans at March 31, 2015 decreased $41,000 (0.5%) from December 31, 2014 and $3.1 million (27.1%) from March 31, 2014. The net decrease in nonaccrual loans from December 31, 2014 resulted from the combination of: continued payments from nonaccrual borrowers totaling approximately $219,000; upgrades of approximately $382,000 of loans now demonstrating both improved cash flows and established payment history; and approximately $10,000 of charge offs. Offsetting these decreases, approximately $568,000 of loans moved to nonaccrual status, of which $492,000 related to one borrower relationship. Management continues to focus on reducing the level of nonperforming assets and making improvements in asset quality.
As of March 31, 2015, approximately $6.5 million (77.4%) of nonperforming loans are making scheduled payments. Management closely monitors each of these loans to identify opportunities where workout efforts or restructuring may improve borrowers’ credit risk profiles to facilitate a return to accrual status for credits with sustained repayment histories. Any loans categorized as 90 days past due and still accruing are well secured and in the process of collection. All nonperforming loans are reviewed regularly for collectability and uncollectible balances are promptly charged off.
Management regularly evaluates the condition of problem credits and when reduced cash flows coupled with collateral shortfalls are evident, the loans are placed on nonaccrual. In addition, loans are generally placed on nonaccrual when principal or interest is past due ninety days or more. If management believes there is significant risk of not collecting full principal and interest, we may elect to place the loan on nonaccrual even if the borrower is current.
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) is comprised of commercial real estate properties and totaled $1.1 million at March 31, 2015 compared to $1.2 million at December 31, 2014. In the first quarter of 2015, no loans were transferred into OREO and one commercial real estate property with a carrying value of $122,000 was sold for a $10,000 gain. Nonperforming loans may move into OREO when the foreclosure process is initiated (i.e., as “in substance foreclosure”) through the time in which the foreclosure process is completed and any redemption period expires or from the receipt of deeds in lieu of foreclosure. Based on the reduced velocity of newly identified problem loans and remediation plans for existing problem loans, we anticipate other real estate owned to trend lower in 2015 as the Bank manages through the remaining problem loan portfolio.
24 |
Since 2007, the decline in real estate sales and valuations in southeast Michigan has significantly and adversely impacted the quality of the Corporation’s portfolio of loans secured by real estate. In addition, during this time the local economies served by the Corporation have been adversely impacted by the restructuring of the automotive market and related industries which in turn, has caused our borrowers to experience declining revenues, diminished cash flows, and reduced collateral values in their businesses. Due to these factors and the prolonged troubled economy, real estate values in general have remained distressed. Although there has been some recent stabilization in values and increased sales activity for certain real estate, because the Corporation continues to carry a relatively high concentration of loans that are secured by real estate, the Corporation continues to experience elevated levels of nonperforming loans and impaired loans relative to historical levels prior to 2007.
Although management has specific, aggressive remediation plans for a majority of the Bank’s remaining significant classified and criticized loans, execution of such plans will take some time and is, in many respects, dependent on external factors such as the borrowers’ ability to repay their obligations and/or to meet performance criteria and the value of collateral securing those obligations, which in turn depend on macro and micro economic conditions including the pace of an economic recovery in southeast Michigan. Given the extent of the problem loans secured by real estate, these factors may delay remediation efforts and result in the Bank maintaining higher than anticipated balances of nonperforming loans that may adversely impact the level of provision for loan losses in the near future. Management continues to make oversight of these loans a priority.
At March 31, 2015, impaired loans totaled approximately $12.2 million, of which $3.2 million were assigned a specific reserve of $1.7 million. Impaired loans without specific reserve allocations totaled $9.0 million. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that all or part of the amounts due according to contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected on a timely basis or the loan has been restructured and is classified as a TDR. Impairment is measured by comparing the Bank’s recorded investment in the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows at the loan’s effective interest rate, the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell, or the loan’s observable market price.
Of the impaired loans reported at March 31, 2015, $5.1 million were on nonaccrual status, based on management’s assessment using criteria discussed above and $10.1 million are commercial and commercial real estate loans identified as TDRs. All cash received on nonaccrual loans is applied to principal balance. Loans are considered for return to accrual status on an individual basis when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. Interest income is recognized on TDRs pursuant to the criteria noted below.
A key component of our asset quality improvement initiative includes procedures intended to improve asset quality levels within the loan portfolio. Management develops specific workout strategies on all significant impaired loans to attempt to mitigate the extent of potential future loss by the Bank and to remediate nonperforming assets, where possible. Loan work out strategies may include the Bank’s willingness to modify the terms of a loan to improve our ability to collect amounts due. The modified terms are intended to enable customers to mitigate the risk of foreclosure by creating payment schedules that provide for continued loan payment requirements based on their current cash flow ability. Common modifications utilized by the Bank may include one of more of the following: interest rate reductions, extension of amortization periods, and forbearance of interest and/or principal payments. Management may extend concessions (modifications) to troubled borrowers in exchange for the pledge of additional collateral and/or guarantors. Loan modifications are considered TDRs when the modification includes terms outside of normal lending practices (i.e., concessions) to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties.
The following table summarizes the troubled debt restructuring component of impaired loans at:
March 31, 2015 | December 31, 2014 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Accruing Interest | Nonaccrual | Total | Accruing Interest | Nonaccrual | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current | $ | 7,710 | $ | 2,002 | $ | 9,712 | $ | 7,879 | $ | 3,773 | $ | 11,652 | ||||||||||||
Past due 30-89 days | - | 2,155 | 2,155 | 5 | 123 | 128 | ||||||||||||||||||
Past due 90 days or more | 88 | 76 | 164 | - | 393 | 393 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total troubled debt restructurings | $ | 7,798 | $ | 4,233 | $ | 12,031 | $ | 7,884 | $ | 4,289 | $ | 12,173 |
Troubled debt restructured loans accrue interest if the borrower complies with the revised terms and conditions and has demonstrated sustained payment performance consistent with the modified terms for a minimum of six consecutive payment cycles after the restructuring date and if collection of future payments is reasonably assured.
If the economy weakens further and/or real estate values decline further, the provision for loan losses may be adversely impacted by the Bank’s concentration in real estate secured loans. While we have carefully considered these factors when determining the level of reserves, it is difficult to accurately predict future economic events, especially in the current environment.
The loan portfolio is periodically reviewed by internal and external parties and the results of these reviews are reported to the Bank’s Board of Directors. The purpose of these reviews is to verify proper loan documentation, to provide for the early identification of potential problem loans, to challenge and validate internal risk grades assigned by management, to monitor collateral values and to assist the Bank in evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses totaled $7.2 million at March 31, 2015 and $7.1 million at December 31, 2014 and represented 4.41% and 4.44% of gross loans, respectively. The coverage ratio of the ALLL to nonperforming loans was 85.78% and 85.57% at each respective period-end.
Management estimates the required allowance balance based on past loan experience, the nature and volume of the portfolio segments and concentrations, information about specific borrower situations, estimated collateral values, economic conditions and trends, and other factors. Allocations of the allowance are made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged off. Management continually analyzes portfolio risk to refine the process of effective risk identification and measurement for determination of what it believes is an adequate allowance for loan losses. When all of these factors were considered, management determined that no provision was needed for the first three months of 2015 and the resulting $7.2 million allowance as of March 31, 2015 was deemed adequate.
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The impact of recent portfolio behavior on the allowance for loan loss calculation and analysis at March 31, 2015, evidenced by successive stable/improving quarterly levels of nonperforming loans, stabilization of real estate values securing certain problem credits, substantially reduced charge-offs and successive trailing quarters of net recoveries, and continued improvement in our rolling quarterly loss history, supported our determination of the overall level of allowance and related provision expense. Assuming these positive trends generally continue, management believes it is reasonably likely that future negative provision expense may be required to reduce the overall level of the allowance based on the continuation of existing portfolio trends and the anticipated improvement in the rolling quarterly loss history as significant prior year charge offs exit the calculation. While we cannot predict or guarantee the amount or timing of any potential additional future negative provision expense, it is possible any such negative provision expense could contribute substantially to earnings and enhance book value per share.
Given the significant portion of our loans that are secured by real estate, our portfolio continues to be sensitive to the weakened economic conditions in southeast Michigan and the Bank’s market area, and is especially impacted by depressed real estate values. In response, each quarter our portfolio management practices continue to analyze and quantify risk within all segments of our portfolio to ensure effective problem loan identification procedures. Our practice is to obtain updated appraisals on criticized loans secured by real estate and apply appropriate discounting practices based on perceived declines in market value.
Although updated appraisals received during more recent quarters indicated that property values for collateral on our impaired loans continue to be depressed, the appraisals did not reflect the extent of value erosion relative to that experienced in prior quarters. However, at present, the weak Michigan economy and elevated unemployment levels continue to dampen signs of economic recovery in our market area. Consequently, we have continued to allocate reserves for these risks and uncertainties, resulting in reserves above normal levels.
If the economy weakens further and/or real estate values decline further, nonperforming loans may increase in subsequent quarters. Due to the uncertainty of future economic conditions and the decline in real estate values, the provision for loan losses for 2015 may continue to be impacted by the Bank’s concentration in real estate secured loans. While we have considered these factors when determining the level of reserves, it is difficult to accurately predict the future economic events, especially in the current environment.
The allowance consists of specific and general components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as nonaccrual or renegotiated. For such loans that are also classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan are lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on prior loss experience, adjusted for qualitative factors used to reflect changes in the portfolio’s collectability not captured by prior period loss data.
The methodology for measuring the appropriate level of allowance and related provision for loan losses relies on several key elements, which include specific allowances for loans considered impaired, general allowances for non-impaired commercial loans based on our internal loan grading system, and general allocations based on historical trends for homogeneous loan groups with similar risk characteristics.
The general allowance allocated to non-impaired commercial loans was based on the internal risk grade of such loans and their assigned portfolio segment, as primarily determined based on underlying collateral; and, if real estate secured, the type of real estate. Each risk grade within a portfolio segment is assigned a loss allocation factor. The higher a risk grade, the greater the assigned loss allocation percentage. Accordingly, changes in the risk grades of loans affect the amount of the allowance allocation.
Our loss factors are determined based on either actual loss history or migration analysis, by portfolio segment and loan grade, and adjusted for significant qualitative factors that, in management’s judgment, affect the collectability of the portfolio at the analysis date. In general, our practice is to utilize migration analysis to determine loss history for those portfolio classes containing a sufficient number and volume of loans (e.g., commercial, owner occupied, non-owner occupied, consumer home equity, residential mortgages, and consumer loans) to generate loss rate information. We generally use a rolling 12 quarter net loss history as the base for our loss factor computation which is weighted to give emphasis to more recent quarters. However, in successive periods of either limited losses or net recoveries, look-back periods may be extended and/or current period weighting may be suspended to allow for inclusion of some representative estimate of probable credit losses to provide general allowance allocations.
Groups of homogeneous noncommercial loans, such as residential real estate loans, home equity and home equity lines of credit, and consumer loans receive allowance allocations using loss rates determined by migration analysis, based on the loan type rather than by risk grade. These allocations are adjusted for consideration of general economic and business conditions, credit quality and delinquency trends, collateral values, and recent loss experience for these similar pools of loans.
Although management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses based on information known at a given point in time, as facts and circumstances change, the provision and resulting allowance may also change. While we believe that our allowance for loan loss analysis has identified all probable losses inherent in the portfolio at March 31, 2015, there can be no assurance that all losses have been identified or that the amount of the allowance is sufficient.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income totaled $563,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and decreased $70,000 (11.1%) compared to the same period in 2014. The components of noninterest income are shown in the table below:
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Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Service charges and fees on deposits | $ | 213 | $ | 306 | ||||
Other fees | 325 | 286 | ||||||
Trust income | - | 32 | ||||||
Loss on sale of available for sale securities | (1 | ) | - | |||||
Other | 26 | 30 | ||||||
Total | $ | 563 | $ | 654 |
Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $93,000 compared to the same period last year principally due to a decline in customer non-sufficient funds (“NSF”) occurrences and related NSF fees which resulted from new customer advocacy safeguards, required by regulation, implemented by the Bank in late 2013. To date, these safeguards continue to reduce the number of our overdraft customers and the frequency of overdrafts by our customers. Other fees increased $39,000 compared the same period last year due to higher commercial loan fees recognized on a greater number of closed loans and a newly implemented check cashing fee assessed to non-Bank customers. In addition, under a new agreement with a third-party financial advisor effective in 2015, other fees also include commissions earned on sales of investment products and services by the financial advisor to Bank customers and Bank referrals. Total commissions earned under the new agreement for the three months ended March 31, 2015 amounted to $20,000. Previously, the Bank operated an in-house wealth management department and recognized income for fiduciary trust services and other investment advisory services. The amount and timing of any future commission revenue is largely dependent on our customers’ acceptance and utilization of the services offered through the third-party financial advisor. Other income is derived from rental income earned on certain other real estate properties owned by the Bank during the respective periods.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2015 decreased $146,000 (5.1%) compared to the same period in 2014. The components of noninterest expense are shown in the table below:
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2014 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 1,471 | $ | 1,502 | ||||
Occupancy expense | 252 | 237 | ||||||
Equipment expense | 86 | 92 | ||||||
Professional and service fees | 343 | 407 | ||||||
Loan collection and foreclosed property expense | 56 | 53 | ||||||
Computer service fees | 127 | 129 | ||||||
Computer software amortization expense | 10 | 9 | ||||||
FDIC assessment fees | 106 | 84 | ||||||
Insurance expense | 39 | 126 | ||||||
Printing and supplies | 29 | 50 | ||||||
Net (gain) loss on sale/writedown of OREO and repossessions | (10 | ) | 1 | |||||
Other | 209 | 174 | ||||||
Total | $ | 2,718 | $ | 2,864 |
The most significant component of our noninterest expense is salaries and employee benefits. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, salaries and employee benefits expense decreased relative to the same prior year period due to general staff attrition and the decision not to replace certain vacated positions based on continuous assessment of staffing needs. This decrease was partially offset by recognition of a discretionary employer 401(k) matching contribution expense accrued in the first quarter of 2015.
Occupancy expense increased slightly due to the nature and timing of certain building services expenses incurred in the current period relative to the same prior year period, including elevated expenses for snow and salt removal services.
Professional and service fees decreased in the current period relative to the same prior year period due to reduced legal fees incurred on fewer problem loans, less legal services required for other real estate matters, elevated legal fees incurred in the prior year period for matters related to the Bank’s transfer of fiduciary trust powers and exit of trust operations, and reduced oversight fees paid to the OCC based on the Bank’s improved regulatory condition relative to one year ago.
The current period increase in FDIC premium expense primarily resulted from expense adjustments recognized in the first quarter of 2014 related to lower FDIC premiums assessed in the fourth quarter of 2013 following the Bank’s recapitalization. However, current period FDIC premium expense further benefitted from improvements in the Bank’s regulatory condition and risk profile which became effective for assessment purposes in the fourth quarter of 2014. The Bank’s FDIC premium expense remains elevated due to noncompliance with the outstanding Consent Order. The timing or amount of any additional FDIC premium savings is dependent on various factors including the Bank’s ability to maintain the minimum capital ratios required under the Consent Order and the ability to demonstrate a period of satisfactory performance with other requirements of the Consent Order, as assessed by the OCC.
Insurance expense decreased due to significant premium reductions realized in the annual policy renewal (completed in October 2014) as a result of the Bank’s improved financial and regulatory condition following recapitalization.
During the three months ended March 31, 2015, a gain of $10,000 was recognized on the sale of one commercial real estate (OREO) property for $122,000.
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Federal Income Tax Expense
For the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, the Corporation recognized current income tax expense of $12,000 and $5,000 based on its calculated alternative minimum taxable income for each respective period. No regular income tax expense was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014 due to the Corporation’s tax loss carryforward position. At March 31, 2015, the Corporation continues to maintain a full valuation allowance of approximately $9.7 million due to the uncertainty of future taxable income necessary to fully realize its recorded net deferred tax asset. Assuming the Corporation’s core earnings continue to improve and assuming the Consent Order is eventually terminated, reinstatement of the Corporation’s net deferred tax asset will be closely evaluated to determine the portion considered realizable based on projected taxable income. While we cannot predict or guarantee the amount or timing of any tax benefit to be recognized upon reinstatement of the net deferred tax asset, any such reinstatement could contribute substantially to earnings and enhance book value per share.
Capital
The Corporation and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in the initiation of certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct, material effect on the Corporation’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Corporation and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Corporation’s and the Bank’s capital classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators with regard to components, risk weightings, and other factors.
On July 2, 2013, the Federal Reserve approved a final rule that establishes an integrated regulatory capital framework (the “New Capital Rules”) which became effective January 1, 2015, with additional phase-in requirements through January 1, 2019. The rule implements in the United States the Basel III regulatory capital reforms from the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and certain changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act. In general, under the New Capital Rules, minimum requirements have increased for both the quantity and quality of capital held by banking organizations. Consistent with the international Basel framework, the New Capital Rules include a new minimum ratio of common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.5% and a CET1 capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets that applies to all supervised financial institutions. The rule also raises the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4% to 6% and includes a minimum leverage ratio of 4% for all banking organizations. As to the quality of capital, the New Capital Rules emphasize CET1 capital, the most loss-absorbing form of capital, and implement strict eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments. The New Capital Rules also change the methodology for calculating risk-weighted assets to enhance risk sensitivity. As a small bank holding company with less than $500 million in total consolidated assets, the Corporation is excluded from the New Capital Rules under Basel III as described above.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require banking organizations to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of CET1 capital, total capital and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and Tier 1 capital to average assets (as defined). The Corporation’s and the Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table. Due to its exclusion from the New Capital Rules under Basel III, the Corporation’s capital amounts and ratios for March 31, 2015, as presented below, are calculated in accordance with regulatory capital rules and standards effective for the Corporation at December 31, 2014. The Federal Reserve has not advised the Corporation of any specific capital ratios applicable to it.
Minimum for | To Be Well Capitalized | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Adequacy | Under Prompt Corrective | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Actual | Purposes | Action Regulations | ||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2015 | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | $ | 29,995 | 14.76 | % | $ | 9,147 | 4.50 | % | $ | 13,213 | 6.50 | % | ||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | N/A | N/A | % | N/A | N/A | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | 32,593 | 16.03 | % | 16,262 | 8.00 | % | 20,328 | 10.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 33,926 | 16.75 | % | 16,199 | 8.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | 29,995 | 14.76 | % | 12,197 | 6.00 | % | 16,262 | 8.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 31,334 | 15.47 | % | 8,100 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | 29,995 | 9.34 | % | 12,849 | 4.00 | % | 16,061 | 5.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 31,334 | 9.71 | % | 12,903 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2014 | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | $ | 32,346 | 16.46 | % | $ | 15,721 | 8.00 | % | $ | 19,651 | 10.00 | % | ||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 33,722 | 17.14 | % | 15,743 | 8.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital (to risk weighted assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | 29,828 | 15.18 | % | 7,860 | 4.00 | % | 11,791 | 6.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 31,201 | 15.86 | % | 7,872 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital (to average assets) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank | 29,828 | 9.34 | % | 12,780 | 4.00 | % | 15,975 | 5.00 | % | |||||||||||||||
FNBH Bancorp | 31,201 | 9.72 | % | 12,835 | 4.00 | % | N/A | N/A |
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As a result of a new Consent Order issued to the Bank by the OCC on October 31, 2013, the Bank continues to be subject to higher minimum capital ratios than those shown above. Specifically, the Consent Order requires the Bank to maintain a Total risk-based capital ratio of 11% and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 8.5%. As shown above, the Bank’s actual ratios were in compliance with the minimum ratios for a well-capitalized institution as of March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. However, because the Bank is subject to the Consent Order, it does not meet the regulatory determination of a well-capitalized institution. As such, the Bank is considered "adequately capitalized" for purposes of the OCC’s Prompt Corrective Action (“PCA”) enforcement powers. The Bank's capital category is determined solely for purposes of applying PCA; the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the Bank's overall financial condition or prospects.
The Corporation’s ability to pay dividends is subject to various regulatory and state law requirements. Due to the Bank’s financial condition, the Bank cannot pay a dividend to the Corporation without the prior approval of the OCC. The Corporation does not anticipate the Bank providing any dividends to the Corporation through at least 2015. The Corporation suspended, indefinitely, the payment of dividends to its shareholders in the third quarter of 2008 due to the Bank’s inability to pay dividends to the holding company and insufficient cash at the holding company to pay the dividends. The Corporation does not anticipate resuming dividend payments to its shareholders in the near future.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting and reporting policies are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted within the United States of America and conform to general practices within the banking industry. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the valuation of investment securities, determination of the allowance for loan losses and accounting for income taxes, and actual results could differ from those estimates. Management has reviewed these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.
Contractual Obligations
The Bank had outstanding irrevocable standby letters of credit, which carried a maximum potential commitment of approximately $15,000 at March 31, 2015 and $10,000 December 31, 2014. These letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The majority of these letters of credit are short-term guarantees of one year or less, although some have maturities which extend as long as two years. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The Bank primarily holds real estate as collateral supporting those commitments for which collateral is deemed necessary. The extent of collateral held on those commitments at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, where there is collateral, was in excess of the committed amount. A letter of credit is not recorded on the balance sheet unless a customer fails to perform.
Accounting Standards
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) has issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-04,Receivables – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors (Subtopic 310-40) – Reclassification of Residential Real Estate Collateralized Consumer Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure.The amendments are intended to clarify when a creditor should be considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan such that the loan should be derecognized and the real estate recognized. The amendments clarify that an in substance repossession or foreclosure occurs, and a creditor is considered to have received physical possession of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan, upon either:(a) the creditor obtaining legal title to the residential real estate property upon completion of a foreclosure; or(b) the borrower conveying all interest in the residential real estate property to the creditor to satisfy that loan through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement. Additional disclosures are required. The amendments are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. Adoption of this ASU by the Corporation in the first quarter of 2015 did not have a material impact.
FASB issued ASU 2014-08,Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity.The amendments in this Update change the requirements for reporting discontinued operations. A discontinued operation may include a component of an entity or group of components of an entity, or a business or nonprofit activity. A disposal of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. The amendments in this Update require an entity to present, for each comparative period, the assets and liabilities of a disposal group that includes a discontinued operation separately in the asset and liability sections, respectively, of the statement of financial position. This Update also requires additional disclosures about discontinued operations including pretax profit or loss, and any ongoing involvement with the discontinued operation. The amendments are effective for the annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2014. The impact of adoption of the ASU by the Corporation did not have a material impact.
FASB issued ASU 2014-14,Classification of Certain government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans upon Foreclosure. This update requires creditors to reclassify loans that are within the scope of the ASU to “other receivables” upon foreclosure, rather than reclassifying them to other real estate owned. The separate other receivable recorded upon foreclosure is to be measured based on the amount of the loan balance (principal and interest) the creditor expects to recover from the guarantor. The new guidance is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 31, 2014. The impact of adoption of this ASU by the Corporation did not have a material impact.
FASB issued ASU 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts (Topic 606).The amendments in this Update create a new topic in the Codification, Topic 606. In addition to superseding and replacing nearly all existing U.S. GAAP revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance, ASC 606 establishes a new control-based revenue recognition model, changes the basis for deciding when revenue is recognized over time or a point in time, provides new and more detailed guidance on specific topics and expands and improves disclosures about revenue. In addition, ASU-2014-09 adds a new Subtopic to the Codification, ASC 340-40,Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers,to provide guidance on costs related to obtaining a contract with a customer and costs incurred in fulfilling a contract with a customer that are not in the scope of another ASC Topic. The new guidance does not apply to certain contracts within the scope of other ASC Topics, such as lease contracts, insurance contracts, financing arrangements, financial instruments, guarantees other than product or service warranties, and nonmonetary exchanges between entities in the same line of business to facilitate sales to customers. The amendments are effective for annual periods and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The impact of this ASU by the Corporation is not expected to be material.
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Recent Legislative Developments
In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act was signed into law. Uncertainty remains as to the ultimate impact of this law, which could have a material adverse impact either on the financial services industry as a whole or on the Corporation’s and Bank’s business, results of operations and financial condition. This federal law contains a number of provisions that could affect the Corporation and the Bank. For example, the law:
· | Made national banks (such as the Bank) and their subsidiaries subject to a number of state laws that were previously preempted by federal laws; |
· | Imposed additional restrictions on how mortgage brokers and loan originators may be compensated; |
· | Established a federal consumer protection agency that has broad authority to develop and implement rules regarding most consumer financial products; |
· | Created additional rules affecting corporate governance and executive compensation at all publicly traded companies; |
· | Broadened the base for FDIC insurance assessments and made other changes to federal deposit insurance, including permanently increasing FDIC deposit insurance coverage to $250,000; and |
· | Allows depository institutions to pay interest on business checking accounts |
The Dodd-Frank Act and regulations being issued as a result of the Dodd-Frank Act have had, and we expect will continue to have, a significant impact on the banking industry, including our organization.
On April 5, 2012, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (JOBS Act) was signed into law. The JOBS Act is intended to stimulate economic growth by helping smaller and emerging growth companies access the U.S. capital markets. It amends various provisions of, and adds new sections to, the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. For bank holding companies, the JOBS Act increases the statutory threshold for deregistration under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from 300 shareholders to 1,200 shareholders of record. The Corporation has taken advantage of these new rules and has filed a deregistration notice with the SEC. See Note 11 (Subsequent Event) to our unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included in Part 1 of this Form 10-Q.
In December 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, an international forum for cooperation on banking supervisory matters, announced the “Basel III” capital rules, which set new capital requirements for banking organizations. In July 2013, the Federal Reserve and the OCC each approved final rules that establish an integrated regulatory capital framework implementing the Basel III regulatory capital reforms in the U.S. These new rules impose higher capital requirements and more restrictive leverage and liquidity ratios. The new capital requirements became effective January 1, 2015 and include additional components that will be phased in over a four-year period beginning in January 2016. Based on the Bank’s existing capital levels and balance sheet composition, the implementation of the new capital rules did not have a material impact on the Bank’s capital needs. However, the implementation of these standards could have an adverse impact on our financial position and future earnings due to, among other things, the increased minimum Tier 1 capital ratio requirements that will be implemented. Consequently, the ultimate impact of these new rules on the Corporation and the Bank is still being reviewed.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
There has been no material change in the market risk faced by the Corporation since December 31, 2014. For information regarding our risk factors, refer to the FNBH Bancorp, Inc. Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. |
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Corporation evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its “disclosure controls and procedures” as defined in Rule 13a - 15(e) and 15d – 15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Disclosure Controls”). The Disclosure Controls are designed to allow the Corporation to reach a reasonable level of assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including its principal executive and financial officers to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The evaluation of the Disclosure Controls ("Controls Evaluation") was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporation’s management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer. Based upon the Controls Evaluation and subsequent discussions, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that as of March 31, 2015, the Corporation’s Disclosure Controls were effective at a reasonable assurance level.
(b) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. |
During the quarter ended March 31, 2015 there were no changes in the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
The Corporation’s management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, does not expect that its Disclosure Controls and/or its internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.
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Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Corporation have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors of the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
There were no sales of equity securities by the Corporation during the three months ended March 31, 2015, that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933. The Corporation did not repurchase any of its equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2015.
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The following exhibits (listed by number corresponding to the Exhibit Table as Item 601 in Regulation S-K) are filed with this report:
10.1 | Retirement Agreement between FNBH Bancorp, Inc.; First National Bank in Howell; and Daniel Wollschlager dated March 17, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2015). | |
31.1 | Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of FNBH Bancorp, Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of FNBH Bancorp, Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1 | Certificate of the Chief Executive Officer of FNBH Bancorp, Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350). | |
32.2 | Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of FNBH Bancorp, Inc. pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350). | |
101.INS | Instance Document | |
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
FNBH BANCORP, INC. | ||
/s/Ronald L. Long | ||
Ronald L. Long, President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
(Principal Executive Officer) | ||
/s/Mark J. Huber | ||
Mark J. Huber, Chief Financial Officer | ||
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
Date: May 15, 2015
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