The discussion of our results of operations for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009 are presented below. These statements, which reflect management’s beliefs and expectations, are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially. For a discussion of the risks and uncertainties that may affect our future results, please see “Forward-Looking Statements” immediately preceding Part I, Item 1, “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, “Certain Factors Affecting Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 and other items throughout our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009. Income from interim periods may not be indicative of future results.
Proposed Merger with RiskMetrics. On February 28, 2010, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with RiskMetrics Group, Inc. (“RiskMetrics”). At the effective time of the merger, each share of RiskMetrics common stock will be cancelled and converted automatically into the right to receive a combination of $16.35 in cash, without interest, and 0.1802 of a share of our class A common stock. The actual number of shares of our class A common stock to be issued and reserved for issuance pursuant to the merger will be determined at the completion of the merger. The transaction is expected to close during the quarter ended August 31, 2010.
In connection, and concurrently, with the Merger Agreement, we entered into a commitment letter with Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. (“MSSF”) pursuant to which MSSF committed, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, to provide financing under senior secured facilities aggregating up to $1,375.0 million, comprised of (i) $1,275.0 million under a six-year term loan facility and (ii) $100.0 million under a five-year revolving credit facility, for the transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement. On March 23, 2010, the Company entered into supplemental commitment letters with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch (together, “Credit Suisse”) and MSSF and with Banc of America Securities LLC and Bank of America, N.A. (together, “Bank of America”) and MSSF, pursuant to which Credit Suisse and Bank of America committed to provide a total of $275.0 million of the aggregate $1,375.0 million of financing. The senior secured facilities are expected to replace the Credit Facility discussed under “—Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
On March 16, 2010, MSCI and RiskMetrics each filed its notification and report form required by the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (“Hart-Scott-Rodino Act”), with the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the U.S. Department of Justice with respect to the proposed merger. We are not aware of any other material governmental approvals or actions that are required for completion of the merger.It is presently contemplated that if any such additional material governmental approvals or actions are required, those approvals or actions will be sought.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, we had a right to terminate the Merger Agreement between March 29, 2010 and April 2, 2010 if we were unable, prior to March 29, 2010, to agree with MSSF on the terms and conditions of the covenants to be offered to the market in connection with the financing for the merger after good faith negotiations. We decided not to exercise this right.
On April 2, 2010 MSCI and RiskMetrics filed a Registration Statement on Form S-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission that constituted a prospectus of MSCI and included a proxy statement of RiskMetrics.
The transaction is expected to close during the quarter ended August 31, 2010. The completion of the merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including antitrust clearance under the Hart-Scott Rodino Act, the effectiveness of the Registration Statement on Form S-4, approval of RiskMetrics’ shareholders, our receipt of the proceeds of the debt financing and other customary regulatory approvals. If the merger is terminated under certain circumstances, we may be required to pay RiskMetrics a termination fee of $100.0 million and if the merger is terminated under certain other circumstances, RiskMetrics may be required to pay us a termination fee of $50.0 million (and up to $10.0 million in expense reimbursement).
We expect to fund the acquisition through a combination of cash, short-term investments, stock and long-term debt.
Results of Operations
| | Three Months Ended February 28, | | | | |
| | 2010 | | 2009 | | | Increase/(Decrease) |
| | (in thousands, except per share data) | | | | | | | | | |
Operating revenues | | $ | 121,680 | | | $ | 105,915 | | | $ | 15,765 | | | 14.9 | | % |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of services | | | 29,291 | | | | 28,935 | | | | 356 | | | 1.2 | | % |
Selling, general and administrative | | | 37,461 | | | | 34,716 | | | | 2,745 | | | 7.9 | | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 4,278 | | | | 6,429 | | | | (2,151 | ) | | (33.5 | ) | % |
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements | | | 3,393 | | | | 3,051 | | | | 342 | | | 11.2 | | % |
Total operating expenses | | | 74,423 | | | | 73,131 | | | | 1,292 | | | 1.8 | | % |
Operating income | | | 47,257 | | | | 32,784 | | | | 14,473 | | | 44.1 | | % |
Other expense (income), net | | | 3,420 | | | | 6,399 | | | | (2,979 | ) | | (46.6 | ) | % |
Provision for income taxes | | | 16,319 | | | | 9,661 | | | | 6,658 | | | 68.9 | | % |
Net income | | $ | 27,518 | | | $ | 16,724 | | | $ | 10,794 | | | 64.5 | | % |
Earnings per basic common share | | $ | 0.26 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | 62.5 | | % |
Earnings per diluted common share | | $ | 0.26 | | | $ | 0.16 | | | $ | 0.10 | | | 62.5 | | % |
Operating margin | | | 38.8 | % | | | 31.0 | % | | | | | | | | |
Operating Revenues
We group our revenues into the following four product categories:
| · | Equity portfolio analytics |
| · | Multi-asset class portfolio analytics |
| | Three Months Ended February 28, | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | | 2009 | | | Increase/(Decrease) |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | |
Equity indices | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity index subscriptions | | $ | 50,175 | | | $ | 45,267 | | | $ | 4,908 | | | 10.8 | | % |
Equity index asset based fees | | | 24,985 | | | | 13,182 | | | | 11,803 | | | 89.5 | | % |
Total equity indices | | | 75,160 | | | | 58,449 | | | | 16,711 | | | 28.6 | | % |
Equity portfolio analytics | | | 29,983 | | | | 32,140 | | | | (2,157 | ) | | (6.7 | ) | % |
Multi-asset class portfolio analytics | | | 10,845 | | | | 9,623 | | | | 1,222 | | | 12.7 | | % |
Other products | | | 5,692 | | | | 5,703 | | | | (11 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | % |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 121,680 | | | $ | 105,915 | | | $ | 15,765 | | | 14.9 | | % |
Revenues related to equity indices increased $16.7 million, or 28.6%, to $75.2 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $58.4 million in the same period in 2009. Revenues from the equity index subscriptions sub-category were up $4.9 million, or 10.8%, to $50.2 million during the current period with growth across all regions, most notably the Americas. This growth was led by increases in our small cap, emerging market and developed market index modules as well as custom indices and our value/growth index extension modules.
Revenues attributable to equity index asset based fees sub-category increased $11.8 million, or 89.5%, to $25.0 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $13.2 million in the same period of 2009 led by growth in our ETF asset based fee revenues. The average value of assets in ETFs linked to MSCI equity indices increased 89.6% to $239.6 billion for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $126.4 billion for the three months ended February 28, 2009. As of February 28, 2010, the value of assets in ETFs linked to MSCI equity indices was $235.6 billion, representing an increase of $127.8 billion, or 118.6%, from $107.8 billion as of February 28, 2009. We estimate that the $127.8 billion year-over-year increase in value of assets in ETFs linked to MSCI equity indices was attributable to $77.3 billion of net asset appreciation and $50.5 billion of net cash inflows.
The three MSCI indices with the largest amount of ETF assets linked to them as of February 28, 2010 were the MSCI Emerging Markets, EAFE, and U.S. Broad Market with $63.2 billion, $37.8 billion and $13.4 billion in assets, respectively.
The following table sets forth the value of assets in ETFs linked to MSCI indices and the sequential change of such assets as of the periods indicated:
| | Quarter Ended | |
| | 2009 | | | | 2010 | |
in billions | | | February | | | | | May | | | | August | | | | November | | | | February | |
AUM in ETFs linked to MSCI Indices | | $ | 107.8 | | | | $ | 175.9 | | | $ | 199.2 | | | $ | 234.2 | | | $ | 235.6 | |
Sequential Change ($ Growth in Billions) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Market Appreciation/(Depreciation) | | $ | (13.6 | ) | | | $ | 42.2 | | | $ | 20.1 | | | $ | 18.0 | | | $ | (3.0 | ) |
Cash Inflow/(Outflow) | | | 2.4 | | | | | 25.9 | | | | 3.2 | | | | 17.0 | | | | 4.4 | |
Total Change | | $ | (11.2 | ) | | | $ | 68.1 | | | $ | 23.3 | | | $ | 35.0 | | | $ | 1.4 | |
Source: Bloomberg and MSCI
The following table sets forth the average value of assets in ETFs linked to MSCI indices for the periods indicated:
| | Quarter Ended | |
| | 2009 | | | | 2010 | |
in billions | | | February | | | | May | | | | August | | | | November | | | | February | |
AUM in ETFs linked to MSCI Indices | | $ | 126.4 | | | $ | 134.7 | | | $ | 180.3 | | | $ | 216.8 | | | $ | 239.6 | |
Source: Bloomberg and MSCI
Revenues related to equity portfolio analytics products decreased $2.2 million, or 6.7% to $30.0 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $32.1 million for the same period in 2009. Within equity portfolio analytics, Aegis revenue declined 10.2% to $19.4 million, and Models Direct, our proprietary risk data accessed directly, decreased 3.5% to $9.1 million. The revenue decrease reflects lower levels of new subscriptions and lower retention rates during 2009. These declines were offset, in part, by increased revenue attributable to Barra on Vendors, our proprietary risk data product accessed through vendors, which increased 29.9% to $1.6 million.
Revenues related to multi-asset class portfolio analytics increased $1.2 million, or 12.7%, to $10.8 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $9.6 million for the same period in 2009. This reflects an increase of 23.6% to $9.2 million for BarraOne and a decrease of 24.6% to $1.6 million for TotalRisk, which is a product that is being decommissioned with its existing users being given the opportunity to transition to BarraOne. Revenues in this category rose in all client types except for hedge funds.
Revenues from other products were flat at $5.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009. Within other products, revenue attributable to our energy and commodity analytics products increased 10.6%, offset, in part, by a decline of 7.9% in fixed income analytics products.
Run Rate
Because the Run Rate represents potential future fees, there is typically a delayed impact on our operating revenues from changes in our Run Rate. In addition, the actual amount of operating revenues we will realize over the following 12 months will differ from the Run Rate because of:
| • | revenues associated with new subscriptions and non-recurring sales; |
| • | modifications, cancellations and non-renewals of existing agreements, subject to specified notice requirements; |
| • | fluctuations in asset-based fees, which may result from market movements or from investment inflows into and outflows from investment products linked to our indices; |
| • | fluctuations in fees based on trading volumes of futures and options contracts linked to our indices; |
| • | price changes; |
| • | revenue recognition differences under U.S. GAAP; and |
| • | fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. |
The following table sets forth our Run Rate as of the dates indicated and the percentage growth over the prior period:
| | As of | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | February 28, 2010 | | | | February 28, 2009 | | | | November 30, 2009 | | | Year Over Year Comparison | | | Sequential Comparison |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | |
Run Rates | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity indices | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subscription | | $ | 191,862 | | | $ | 174,242 | | | $ | 185,787 | | | 10.1 | | % | | | 3.3 | | % |
Asset based fees | | | 94,033 | | | | 50,574 | | | | 95,301 | | | 85.9 | | % | | | (1.3 | ) | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity Indices total | | | 285,895 | | | | 224,816 | | | | 281,088 | | | 27.2 | | % | | | 1.7 | | % |
Equity portfolio analytics | | | 119,046 | | | | 126,789 | | | | 118,487 | | | (6.1 | ) | % | | | 0.5 | | % |
Multi-asset class analytics | | | 41,142 | | | | 35,309 | | | | 40,401 | | | 16.5 | | % | | | 1.8 | | % |
Other | | | 20,500 | | | | 20,993 | | | | 20,597 | | | (2.3 | ) | % | | | (0.5 | ) | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Run Rate | | $ | 466,583 | | | $ | 407,907 | | | $ | 460,573 | | | 14.4 | | % | | | 1.3 | | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Subscription total | | $ | 372,550 | | | $ | 356,333 | | | $ | 365,272 | | | 4.6 | | % | | | 2.0 | | % |
Asset based fees total | | | 94,033 | | | | 51,574 | | | | 95,301 | | | 82.3 | | % | | | (1.3 | ) | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Run Rate | | $ | 466,583 | | | $ | 407,907 | | | $ | 460,573 | | | 14.4 | | % | | | 1.3 | | % |
Changes in Run Rate between periods reflect increases from new subscriptions, decreases from cancellations, increases or decreases, as the case may be, from the change in the value of assets of investment products linked to MSCI indices, the change in trading volumes of futures and options contracts linked to MSCI indices, price changes and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.
At February 28, 2010, we had a total of 3,153 clients, excluding clients that pay only asset based fees, as compared to 3,074 at February 28, 2009 and 3,123 at November 30, 2009. The sequential increase in the client count reflects an increase across all client types, with the exception of hedge fund clients which decreased slightly.
Retention Rates
Because subscription cancellations decrease our Run Rate and ultimately our operating revenues, other key metrics are our “Aggregate Retention Rate” and “Core Retention Rate”, which are collectively referred to as “Retention Rates.”
The following table sets forth our Aggregate Retention Rates by product category for the three months ended:
| | | | | | |
| | February 28, 2010 | | | February 28, 2009 | |
| | | | | | |
Equity Index | | | 94.9 | % | | | 94.9 | % |
Equity Portfolio Analytics | | | 92.2 | % | | | 86.2 | % |
Multi-Asset Class Analytics | | | 82.7 | % | | | 92.0 | % |
Other | | | 85.8 | % | | | 83.3 | % |
Total | | | 92.2 | % | | | 90.8 | % |
The following table sets forth our Core Retention Rates by product category for the three months ended:
| | | | | | |
| | February 28, 2010 | | | February 28, 2009 | |
| | | | | | |
Equity Index | | | 95.7 | % | | | 95.0 | % |
Equity Portfolio Analytics | | | 93.7 | % | | | 87.4 | % |
Multi-Asset Class Analytics | | | 89.5 | % | | | 92.0 | % |
Other | | | 88.6 | % | | | 84.0 | % |
Total | | | 94.0 | % | | | 91.3 | % |
The quarterly Aggregate Retention Rates are calculated by annualizing the cancellations for which we have received a notice of termination or non-renewal during the quarter and have determined that such notice evidences the client’s final decision to terminate or not renew the applicable subscription or agreement, even though such notice is not effective until a later date. This annualized cancellation figure is then divided by the subscription Run Rate at the beginning of the year to calculate a cancellation rate. This cancellation rate is then subtracted from 100% to derive the annualized Aggregate Retention Rate for the quarter. The Aggregate Retention Rate is computed on a product-by-product basis. Therefore, if a client reduces the number of products to which it subscribes or switches between our products, we treat it as a cancellation. In addition, we treat any reduction in fees resulting from renegotiated contracts as a cancellation in the calculation to the extent of the reduction. Aggregate Retention Rates are generally higher during the first three fiscal quarters and lower in the fourth fiscal quarter. For the calculation of the Core Retention Rate the same methodology is used except the cancellations in the quarter are reduced by the amount of product swaps. We do not calculate Aggregate or Core Retention Rates for that portion of our Run Rate attributable to assets in investment products linked to our indices or to trading volumes of futures and options contracts linked to our indices.
Operating Expenses
We group our operating expenses into four categories:
| · | Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) |
| · | Amortization of intangible assets |
| · | Depreciation of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements |
In both the cost of services and SG&A expense categories, compensation and benefits represent the majority of our expenses. Other costs associated with the number of employees such as office space are included in both the cost of services and SG&A expense categories and are consistent with the allocation of employees to those respective areas.
The following table shows operating expenses by each of the categories:
| | Three Months Ended February 28, | | | | | | | | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | Increase/(Decrease) |
| | (in thousands) | | | | | | | | |
Cost of services | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation | | $ | 22,367 | | | $ | 21,297 | | | $ | 1,070 | | | 5.0 | | % |
Non-compensation expenses | | | 6,924 | | | | 7,638 | | | | (714 | ) | | (9.3 | ) | % |
Total cost of services | | | 29,291 | | | | 28,935 | | | | 356 | | | 1.2 | | % |
Selling, general and administrative | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Compensation | | | 22,659 | | | | 23,203 | | | | (544 | ) | | (2.3 | ) | % |
Non-compensation expenses | | | 14,802 | | | | 11,513 | | | | 3,289 | | | 28.6 | | % |
Total selling, general and administrative | | | 37,461 | | | | 34,716 | | | | 2,745 | | | 7.9 | | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 4,278 | | | | 6,429 | | | | (2,151 | ) | | (33.5 | ) | % |
Depreciation of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements | | | 3,393 | | | | 3,051 | | | | 342 | | | 11.2 | | % |
Total operating expenses | | $ | 74,423 | | | $ | 73,131 | | | $ | 1,292 | | | 1.8 | | % |
Compensation | | $ | 45,026 | | | $ | 44,500 | | | $ | 526 | | | 1.2 | | % |
Non-compensation expenses | | | 21,726 | | | | 19,151 | | | | 2,575 | | | 13.5 | | % |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 4,278 | | | | 6,429 | | | | (2,151 | ) | | (33.5 | ) | % |
Depreciation of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements | | | 3,393 | | | | 3,051 | | | | 342 | | | 11.2 | | % |
Total operating expenses | | $ | 74,423 | | | $ | 73,131 | | | $ | 1,292 | | | 1.8 | | % |
Operating expenses increased $1.3 million, or 1.8%, to $74.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $73.1 million in the same period of 2009. The increase reflects pre-acquisition costs related to the pending RiskMetrics deal and higher non-compensation costs, offset by lower stock based compensation expense, reduced amortization of our intangible assets and the elimination of costs allocated from Morgan Stanley reflecting our separation as of May 22, 2009. Our expenses are impacted by changes in exchange rates primarily as they related to the U.S. dollar. Had the U.S. dollar not strengthened relative to exchange rates at the beginning of the year, our operating expense for the three months ended February 28, 2010 would have been higher by $0.8 million.
Compensation and benefits expenses represent the majority of our expenses across all of our operating functions and typically have represented approximately 50% to 60% of our total operating expenses. These costs generally contribute to the majority of our expense increases from period to period, reflecting increased compensation and benefits expenses for current staff and increased staffing levels. Continued growth of our emerging market centers around the world is an important factor in our ability to manage and control the growth of our compensation and benefit expenses. As of February 28, 2010, approximately 46.0% of our employees were located in emerging market centers compared to 31.6% as of February 28, 2009.
During the three months ended February 28, 2010, compensation and benefits costs were $45.0 million, an increase of $0.5 million, or 1.2%, compared to $44.5 million in the same period of 2009. The increase reflects $4.2 million in higher costs related to current staff and increased staffing levels, offset in part, by lower stock based compensation expense of $2.8 million and a decrease in post-retirement and other employee benefits of $0.9 million.
Stock based compensation expense for the three months ended February 28, 2010 was $4.9 million, a decrease of $2.8 million, or 35.8%, compared to $7.7 million in same period of 2009. For the three months ended February 28, 2010, stock based compensation consisted of $2.1 million for founders grant, $1.4 million for retirement eligible employees and $1.4 million for restricted stock units granted as a component of the 2008 and 2009 annual bonus awards. For the three months ended February 28, 2009, stock based compensation consisted of $6.2 million for founders grant, $0.9 million for retirement eligible employees, and $0.6 million for restricted stock units granted as a component of the 2008 annual bonus award. The decrease in the expense related to the founders grant is primarily attributable to the vesting of the first tranche of the founders grant award in November 2009, representing 50% of the value of the award.
Non-compensation expenses for the three months ended February 28, 2010 was $21.7 million, an increase of 13.5% compared to $19.2 million in the same period of 2009. The increase reflects $2.2 million in pre-acquisition costs related to the pending RiskMetrics deal as well as increased information technology costs, recruiting, travel & entertainment, occupancy costs and other fees of $2.3 million. The increases were partially offset by a a $1.3 million decrease in costs allocated by Morgan Stanley as a result of our separation on May 22, 2009 and reduced third party consulting costs of $0.6 million.
Cost of services includes costs related to our research, data management and production, software engineering and product management functions. Costs in these areas include staff compensation and benefits, occupancy costs, market data fees, information technology services and, for the period prior to our May 22, 2009 separation, costs allocated by Morgan Stanley for staffing services. Compensation and benefits generally contribute to a majority of our expense increases from period to period, reflecting increases for existing staff and increased staffing levels.
For the three months ended February 28, 2010, total cost of services expenses increased 1.2% to $29.3 million compared to $28.9 million for the three months ended February 28, 2009. The change was largely due to an increase in compensation and benefits costs, partially offset by a decrease in information technology costs and the elimination of cost allocations from Morgan Stanley as a result of our separation on May 22, 2009.
Compensation and benefits expenses for the three months ended February 28, 2010 increased $1.1 million, or 5.0%, to $22.4 million compared to $21.3 million in the same period of 2009 primarily due to increased staffing levels offset in part, by a decrease in founders grant expense as previously discussed.
Non-compensation expenses for the three months ended February 28, 2010 decreased $0.7 million, or 9.3%, to $6.9 million compared to $7.6 million in the same period of 2009. The change is largely due to decreased information technology costs and the elimination of cost allocations from Morgan Stanley as a result of our separation on May 22, 2009.
Our cost of services expenses are impacted by changes in exchange rates primarily as they relate to the U.S. dollar. Had the U.S. dollar not strengthened relative to exchange rates at the beginning of the year, our cost of services for the three months ended February 28, 2010 would have been higher by $0.3 million.
Selling, General and Administrative
SG&A includes expenses for our sales and marketing staff, and our finance, human resources, legal and compliance, information technology infrastructure, corporate administration personnel and, for the period prior to our May 22, 2009 separation, costs allocated from Morgan Stanley. As with cost of services, the largest expense in this category relates to compensation and benefits. Other significant expenses are for occupancy costs, consulting services and information technology costs. For the three months ended February 28, 2010, total SG&A expenses were $37.5 million, an increase of $2.7 million, or 7.9%, compared to $34.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2009.
Compensation expenses of $22.7 million decreased by $0.5 million, or 2.3%, for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $23.2 million in the same period of 2009. This change was primarily due to a decrease in founders grant expense, as previously discussed, offset, in part by increased staffing levels.
Our SG&A expenses are impacted by changes in exchange rates primarily as they relate to the U.S. dollar. Had the U.S. dollar not strengthened relative to exchange rates at the beginning of the year, our SG&A expenses for the three months ended February 28, 2010 would have been higher by $0.5 million.
Amortization of Intangibles
Amortization of intangibles expense relates to the intangible assets arising from the acquisition of Barra in June 2004. At February 28, 2010, our intangible assets totaled $115.9 million, net of accumulated amortization. For the three months ended February 28, 2010, amortization of intangibles expense totaled $4.3 million compared to $6.4 million for the same period in 2009. A portion of the intangible assets became fully amortized during fiscal 2009, resulting in the decrease of $2.1 million, or 33.5%, versus the prior year.
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements
For the three months ended February 28, 2010 and February 28, 2009, depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and leasehold improvements totaled $3.4 million and $3.1 million, respectively.
Other Expense (Income), net
Other expense (income), net was an expense of $3.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to $6.4 million for the same period in 2009. The decrease of $3.0 million was primarily as a result of a decrease in interest expense due to lower average outstanding debt and the impact of the decrease of interest rates on the unhedged portion of our debt offset, in part by the favorable year over year impact from the change in foreign exchange rates and increased interest income resulting from higher returns on larger invested balances.
Income Taxes
The provision for income tax expense was $16.3 million and $9.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The 68.9% increase was largely a result of higher taxable income. These amounts reflect effective tax rates of 37.2% and 36.6% for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The effective tax rate of 37.2% for the three months ended February 28, 2010 reflects the Company’s estimate of the effective tax rate adjusted for discrete events that were recognized during the period.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1, “Introduction and Basis of Presentation,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009 and also in Note 2, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. We discuss our critical accounting estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009. There were no significant changes in our accounting policies or critical accounting estimates since the end of fiscal year 2009.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We require capital to fund ongoing operations, internal growth initiatives and acquisitions. We are solely responsible for the provision of funds to finance our working capital and other cash requirements.
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows generated from our operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and funds available under the existing Credit Facility. We intend to use these sources of liquidity to service our debt and fund our working capital requirements, capital expenditures, investments and acquisitions. In connection with our business strategy, we regularly evaluate acquisition opportunities. We believe our liquidity, along with other financing alternatives, will provide the necessary capital to fund these transactions and achieve our planned growth.
On November 14, 2007, we entered into a secured $500.0 million credit facility with Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as agents for a syndicate of lenders, and other lenders party thereto pursuant to a credit agreement dated as of November 20, 2007 (the “Credit Facility”). Outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility initially accrued interest at (i) LIBOR plus a fixed margin of 2.50% in the case of the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility and 3.00% in the case of the term loan B facility or (ii) the base rate plus a fixed margin of 1.50% in the case of the term loan A facility and the revolving credit facility and 2.00% in the case of the term loan B facility. In April 2008 and again in July 2008, the Company’s fixed margin rate was reduced by 0.25% on both the term loan A facility and the term loan B facility. In February 2010, the Company’s fixed margin rate on its term loan A facility was again reduced by 0.25%. During the three months ended February 28, 2009, the Company exercised its rights and chose to have a portion of both the term loan A facility and term loan B facility referenced to the one month LIBOR rates while the remaining portions continued to reference the three month LIBOR rates. The weighted average rate on the term loan A facility and term loan B facility was 2.15% and 2.76%, respectively, for the three months ended February 28, 2010. The term loan A facility and the term loan B facility will mature on November 20, 2012 and November 20, 2014, respectively.
On April 1, 2010, we utilized $147.0 million of our excess cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments to prepay a portion of our existing term loan facilities. Approximately $59.5 million was paid on our existing term loan A facility and approximately $87.5 million was paid on our existing term loan B facility. The prepayments were made to reduce the interest costs from carrying the term loan facilities, which incur interest at a higher rate than we earn on our cash and cash equivalents and our short-term investments.
At the effective time of closing of the proposed RiskMetrics merger, we expect to pay off the remaining outstanding balances under the existing Credit Facility and establish a new senior secured credit facility. See Note 15, “Pending Acquisition of RiskMetrics,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein and “–Overview–Proposed Merger with RiskMetrics” for further information.
The effective combined interest rate on our hedged and unhedged debt was 4.23% for the three months ended February 28, 2010.
As of February 28, 2010, $369.9 million was outstanding on the term loan facilities and there was $75.0 million of unused credit under the revolving credit facility. For the unused credit, the Company pays an annual 0.5% non-usage fee which was approximately $0.1 million for both the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009. Interest on the principal is required to be paid either every three months in February, May, August and November or monthly, depending on whether the referenced LIBOR rates are three-month or one-month LIBOR rates.
The revolving credit facility is available for working capital requirements and other general corporate purposes (including the financing of permitted acquisitions), subject to certain conditions, and matures on November 20, 2012. Banc of America Securities LLC and an affiliate of Morgan Stanley acted as joint lead arrangers for the Credit Facility.
The Credit Facility is guaranteed on a senior secured basis by each of our direct and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries and secured by a valid and perfected first priority lien and security interest in substantially all of the shares of capital stock of our present and future domestic subsidiaries and up to 65% of the shares of capital stock of our foreign subsidiaries, substantially all of our and our domestic subsidiaries’ present and future property and assets and the proceeds thereof. In addition, the Credit Facility contains restrictive covenants that limit our ability and our existing or future subsidiaries’ abilities, among other things, to:
| • | incur liens; |
| • | incur additional indebtedness; |
| • | make or hold investments; |
| • | merge, dissolve, liquidate, consolidate with or into another person; |
| • | sell, transfer or dispose of assets; |
| • | pay dividends or other distributions in respect of our capital stock; |
| • | change the nature of our business; |
| • | enter into any transactions with affiliates other than on an arm’s length basis; and |
| • | prepay, redeem or repurchase debt. |
The Credit Facility also requires us and our subsidiaries to achieve specified financial and operating results and maintain compliance with the following financial ratios on a consolidated basis: (1) the maximum total leverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) measured quarterly on a rolling four-quarter basis shall not exceed (a) 3.50:1.0 from December 1, 2009 through November 30, 2010 and (b) 3.25:1.0 thereafter; and (2) the minimum interest coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) measured quarterly on a rolling four-quarter basis shall be (a) 3.50:1.0 from December 1, 2009 through November 30, 2010 and (b) 4.00:1.0 thereafter. As of February 28, 2010, our Consolidated Leverage Ratio as defined in the Credit Facility was 1.57: 1.0 and our Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio as defined in the Credit Facility was 13.79: 1.0.
In addition, the Credit Facility contains the following affirmative covenants, among others: periodic delivery of financial statements, budgets and officer’s certificates; payment of other obligations; compliance with laws and regulations; payment of taxes and other material obligations; maintenance of property and insurance; performance of material leases; right of the lenders to inspect property, books and records; notices of defaults and other material events and maintenance of books and records.
On our balance sheet, our debt balances are recorded net of discount. In connection with our Credit Agreement, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement on February 13, 2008. See “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Interest Rate Sensitivity” below.
Cash flows
Cash and cash equivalents
| | As of | |
| | February 28, | | | November 30, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 84,349 | | | $ | 176,024 | |
Cash (used in) and provided by operating, investing and financing activities
| | For the three months ended February 28, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities | | $ | (14,761 | ) | | $ | 22,472 | |
Cash used in investing activities | | $ | (65,541 | ) | | $ | (6,033 | ) |
Cash used in financing activities | | $ | (9,500 | ) | | $ | (5,673 | ) |
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from operating activities consists of net income adjusted for certain non-cash items and changes in assets and liabilities. Cash flow used in operating activities for the three months ended February 28, 2010 were $14.8 million compared to cash flows provided by operating activities of $22.5 million for the prior year. The decrease is primarily related to a larger increase in our accounts receivable and a smaller decrease in our deferred revenues during the three months ended February 28, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009.
Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for the payment of cash compensation expenses, office rent, technology costs, market data costs and income taxes. The payment of cash compensation expense is historically at its highest level in the first quarter when we pay discretionary employee compensation related to the previous fiscal year.
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows used in investing activities were $65.5 million and $6.0 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase reflects a net outflow of $62.2 million related to the purchase of and proceeds from short-term investments offset, in part, by a $2.7 million decrease in cash outflows for capital expenditures.
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash flows used in financing activities were $9.5 million and $5.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase reflects a $5.0 million increase in scheduled payments on the outstanding long-term debt and a $2.3 million increase to repurchase shares to be held in treasury primarily related to the vesting of the first tranche of the 2008 Bonus Award. Partially offsetting these were the receipt of $2.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options and a $1.4 million excess tax benefit related to the exercise of options and the conversion of restricted stock units that occurred during the three months ended February 28, 2010.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Foreign Currency Risk
We are subject to foreign currency exchange fluctuation risk. Exchange rate movements can impact the U.S. dollar reported value of our revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. dollar currencies or where the currency of such items is different than the functional currency of the entity where these items were recorded.
A significant portion of our revenues from our index linked investment products are based on fees earned on the value of assets invested in securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. For all operations outside the United States where the Company has designated the local non-U.S. dollar currency as the functional currency, revenue and expenses are translated using average monthly exchange rates and assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using month-end exchange rates. For these operations, currency translation adjustments arising from a change in the rate of exchange between the functional currency and the U.S. dollar are accumulated in a separate component of shareholders’ equity. In addition, transaction gains and losses arising from a change in exchange rates for transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity are reflected in other non-operating expense (income).
Revenues from index-linked investment products represented approximately $25.0 million, or 20.5%, and $13.5 million, or 12.7%, of our operating revenues for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively. While our fees for index-linked investment products are generally invoiced in U.S. dollars, the fees are based on the investment product’s assets, substantially all of which are invested in securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, declines in such other currencies against the U.S. dollar will decrease the fees payable to us under such licenses. In addition, declines in such currencies against the U.S. dollar could impact the attractiveness of such investment products resulting in net fund outflows, which would further reduce the fees payable under such licenses.
We generally invoice our clients in U.S. dollars; however, we invoice a portion of clients in euros, pounds sterling, Japanese yen and a limited number of other non-U.S. dollar currencies. Approximately $12.9 million, or 10.6%, and $14.2 million, or 13.4%, of our revenues for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were denominated in foreign currencies, the majority of which were in euros, pounds sterling and Japanese yen.
We are exposed to additional foreign currency risk in certain of our operating costs. Approximately $30.7 million, or 41.2%, and $22.6 million, or 30.9%, of our expenses for the three months ended February 28, 2010 and 2009, respectively, were denominated in foreign currencies, the significant majority of which were denominated in Swiss francs, pounds sterling, Hong Kong dollars, euros, Hungarian forint, Indian rupees, and Japanese yen. Expenses paid in foreign currency may increase as we expand our business outside the U.S.
We have certain monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than local functional amounts and when these balances were remeasured into their local functional currency, either a gain or a loss resulted from the change of value of the functional currency as compared to the originating currencies. As a result of these positions, we recognized a foreign currency exchange gain of $0.1 million for three months ended February 28, 2010 as compared to an exchange loss of $0.8 million in the same period of 2009. These gains and losses were recorded in other expense (income) in our condensed consolidated statements of income. Although we do not currently hedge the foreign exchange risk of assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency, we minimize exposure by reducing the value of the assets and liabilities in currencies other than the functional currency of the legal entity in which they are located.
To the extent that our international activities recorded in local currencies increase in the future, our exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates will correspondingly increase. Generally, we do not use derivative financial instruments as a means of hedging this risk; however, we may do so in the future. Foreign currency cash balances held overseas are generally kept at levels necessary to meet current operating and capitalization needs.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
We had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents totaling $84.3 million at February 28, 2010 and $176.0 million at November 30, 2009, respectively. These amounts were held primarily in checking and money market accounts in the countries where we maintain banking relationships. The unrestricted cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes. At February 28, 2010 and November 30, 2009, we had invested $358.1 million and $295.3 million, respectively, in debt securities with maturity dates ranging from 91 to 365 days from the date of purchase. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. We believe we do not have any material exposure to changes in fair value as a result of changes in interest rates. Declines in interest rates, however, will reduce future interest income.
Borrowings under the Credit Facility accrued interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus a fixed margin subject to interest rate step-downs based on the achievement of consolidated leverage ratio conditions (as defined in the Credit Facility.) For the three months ended February 28, 2010, our term loan A and term loan B facilities currently accrue interest at 2.15% and 2.76%, respectively.
On February 13, 2008, we entered into interest rate swap agreements effective through the end of November 2010 for an aggregate notional principal amount of $251.7 million. By entering into these agreements, we reduced interest rate risk by effectively converting floating-rate debt into fixed-rate debt. This action reduces our risk of incurring higher interest costs in periods of rising interest rates and improves the overall balance between floating and fixed rate debt. The effective fixed rate on the aggregate notional principal amount of $222.5 million swapped was approximately 5.36% for the three months ended February 28, 2010. On February 28, 2010, the effective fixed rate on the notional principal amount swapped was 5.38%. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges and qualify for hedge accounting treatment under ASC Subtopic 815-10, “Derivatives and Hedging.”
Changes in LIBOR will affect the interest rate on the portion of our credit facilities which have not been hedged by the interest rate swaps and, therefore, our costs under the credit facilities. Assuming an average of $147.4 million of variable rate debt outstanding, a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in LIBOR for a one year period would result in approximately $1.5 million of additional interest rate expense.
We recorded a pre-tax gain in other comprehensive income of $1.2 million ($0.7 million after tax) for the three months ended February 28, 2010 as a result of the fair value measurement of these swaps. The fair value of these swaps is included in other accrued liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”) as of February 28, 2010 and have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Part II
From time to time we are party to various litigation matters incidental to the conduct of our business. We are not presently party to any legal proceedings the resolution of which we believe would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition or cash flows.
The risk factors below supplement the risks disclosed under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 30, 2009.
In order to complete the merger, MSCI and RiskMetrics must obtain certain governmental approvals, and if such approvals are not granted or are granted with conditions that become applicable to the parties, the completion of the merger may be jeopardized or the anticipated benefits of the merger could be reduced.
Completion of the merger is conditioned upon the receipt of certain governmental clearances or approvals, including, but not limited to, the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period relating to the merger under the Hart-Scott Rodino Act and the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period, or receipt of approval, under each foreign antitrust law that relates to the merger. Although MSCI and RiskMetrics have agreed in the merger agreement to use their reasonable best efforts to obtain the requisite governmental approvals, there can be no assurance that these approvals will be obtained. In addition, the governmental authorities from which these approvals are required have broad discretion in administering the governing regulations. As a condition to approval of the merger, these governmental authorities may impose requirements, limitations or costs or require divestitures or place restrictions on the conduct of MSCI’s business after the completion of the merger. Under the terms of the merger agreement, neither MSCI nor RiskMetrics is required to take certain actions (such as divesting or holding separate assets or entering into settlements or consent decrees with governmental authorities) with respect to any of the material businesses, assets or properties of MSCI or RiskMetrics or any of their respective material subsidiaries (except that, if requested by MSCI, RiskMetrics will use reasonable best efforts to take any such action reasonably necessary to obtain regulatory clearance, but only to the extent that such action is conditioned on the completion of the merger and does not reduce the amount or delay the payment of the merger consideration). A business of MSCI or RiskMetrics or any of their respective subsidiaries generating revenues in calendar year 2009 that are in excess of 5% of the aggregate revenues generated by MSCI and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in calendar year 2009, is considered a “material business” for these purposes. However, if, notwithstanding the provisions of the merger agreement, either MSCI or RiskMetrics becomes subject to any term, condition, obligation or restriction (whether because such term, condition, obligation or restriction does not rise to the specified level of materiality or MSCI otherwise consents to its imposition), the imposition of such term, condition, obligation or restriction could adversely affect the ability to integrate RiskMetrics’ operations into MSCI’s operations, reduce the anticipated benefits of the merger or otherwise adversely affect MSCI’s business and results of operations after the completion of the merger.
MSCI’s and RiskMetrics’ business relationships, including client relationships, may be subject to disruption due to uncertainty associated with the merger.
Parties with which MSCI and RiskMetrics do business, including clients and suppliers, may experience uncertainty associated with the transaction, including with respect to current or future business relationships with MSCI, RiskMetrics or the combined business. MSCI’s and RiskMetrics’ business relationships may be subject to disruption as clients, suppliers and others may attempt to negotiate changes in existing business relationships or consider entering into business relationships with parties other than MSCI, RiskMetrics or the combined business. These disruptions could have an adverse effect on the businesses, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the combined business. The adverse effect of such disruptions could be exacerbated by a delay in the completion of the merger or termination of the merger agreement.
Failure to complete the merger could negatively impact the stock price and the future business and financial results of MSCI.
If the merger is not completed, the ongoing business of MSCI may be adversely affected and, without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the merger, MSCI would be subject to a number of risks, including the following:
| · | MSCI may experience negative reactions from the financial markets and from its customers and employees; |
| · | MSCI may be required to pay RiskMetrics a termination fee of $100.0 million if the merger is terminated under certain circumstances; |
| · | MSCI will be required to pay certain costs relating to the merger, whether or not the merger is completed; |
| · | matters relating to the merger (including integration planning) will require substantial commitments of time and resources by MSCI management, which would otherwise have been devoted to day-to-day operations, and other opportunities that may have been beneficial to MSCI as an independent company. |
There can be no assurance that the risks described above will not materialize, and if any of them do, they may adversely affect MSCI’s business, financial results and stock price.
In addition, MSCI could be subject to litigation related to any failure to complete the merger or related to any enforcement proceeding commenced against MSCI to perform its obligations under the merger agreement. If the merger is not completed, these risks may materialize and may adversely affect MSCI’s business, financial results and stock price.
MSCI’s inability to obtain the financing necessary to complete the merger could delay or prevent the completion of the merger.
Under the terms of the merger agreement, if the proceeds of the financing for the merger contemplated by the debt commitment letter, as adjusted by certain agreed terms, or the definitive documentation relating to the financing, are not available in full and MSCI is unable to secure alternative financing on acceptable terms, in a timely manner or at all, the merger may not be completed. Under the merger agreement, either MSCI or RiskMetrics may terminate the merger agreement under certain circumstances if the required financing is not available to MSCI by September 1, 2010. Under certain circumstances, MSCI may be required to pay RiskMetrics a termination fee of $100.0 million if the merger agreement is terminated because the merger has not occurred by September 1, 2010 by reason of the fact that the proceeds of the financing are not available to MSCI and all other conditions to MSCI’s obligation to close have been fulfilled as described above.
A lawsuit has been filed and other lawsuits may be filed against RiskMetrics and MSCI challenging the merger, and an adverse ruling in any such lawsuit may prevent the merger from being completed.
RiskMetrics, members of the RiskMetrics board of directors and MSCI have been named as defendants in Kwait v. Berman, C.A. No. 5306-CC, a purported class action brought by RiskMetrics’ stockholders challenging the merger, seeking, among other things, to enjoin MSCI, RiskMetrics and Merger Sub from completing the merger on the agreed terms.
One of the conditions to the closing of the merger is that no law, order, injunction, judgment, decree, ruling or other similar requirement shall be in effect that prohibits the completion of the merger. Accordingly, if a plaintiff is successful in obtaining an injunction prohibiting the completion of the merger, then such injunction may prevent the merger from becoming effective, or from becoming effective within the expected timeframe.
After completion of the merger, MSCI may fail to realize the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger, which could adversely affect the value of MSCI Class A common stock.
The success of the merger will depend, in part, on MSCI’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits and cost savings from combining the businesses of MSCI and RiskMetrics. The ability of MSCI to realize these anticipated benefits and cost savings is subject to certain risks including:
| · | MSCI’s ability to successfully combine the businesses of MSCI and RiskMetrics; |
| · | whether the combined businesses will perform as expected; |
| · | the possibility that MSCI paid more than the value it will derive from the acquisition; |
| · | the reduction of MSCI’s cash available for operations and other uses, the increase in amortization expense related to identifiable assets acquired and the incurrence of indebtedness to finance the acquisition; and |
| · | the assumption of certain known and unknown liabilities of RiskMetrics. |
If MSCI is not able to successfully combine the businesses of MSCI and RiskMetrics within the anticipated time frame, or at all, the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger may not be realized fully or at all or may take longer to realize than expected, the combined businesses may not perform as expected and the value of the MSCI Class A common stock (including the stock portion of the merger consideration) may be adversely affected.
MSCI and RiskMetrics have operated and, until the completion of the merger, will continue to operate, independently. It is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key MSCI and RiskMetrics employees, the disruption of each company’s ongoing businesses or in unexpected integration issues, higher than expected integration costs and an overall post-closing integration process that takes longer than originally anticipated. Specifically, issues that must be addressed in integrating the operations of RiskMetrics into MSCI’s operations in order to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger so the combined business performs as expected, include, among other things:
| · | combining the companies’ sales, marketing, data, operations and research and development functions; |
| · | integrating the companies’ technologies, products and services; |
| · | identifying and eliminating redundant and underperforming operations and assets; |
| · | harmonizing the companies’ operating practices, employee development and compensation programs, internal controls and other policies, procedures and processes; |
| · | addressing possible differences in business backgrounds, corporate cultures and management philosophies; |
| · | consolidating the companies’ corporate, administrative and information technology infrastructure; |
| · | coordinating sales, distribution and marketing efforts; |
| · | managing the movement of certain positions to different locations, including certain of MSCI’s offices outside the U.S.; |
| · | maintaining existing agreements with customers and suppliers and avoiding delays in entering into new agreements with prospective customers and suppliers; |
| · | coordinating geographically dispersed organizations; and |
| · | consolidating offices of RiskMetrics and MSCI that are currently in the same location. |
In addition, at times, the attention of certain members of each company’s management and resources may be focused on the completion of the merger and the integration of the businesses of the two companies and diverted from day-to-day business operations, which may disrupt each company’s ongoing business and the business of the combined company.
MSCI’s future results may suffer if MSCI does not effectively manage RiskMetrics’ risk management platform and RiskMetrics’ other operations following the merger.
Following the merger, MSCI plans to combine RiskMetrics’ risk management platform with MSCI’s expertise in portfolio equity models and analytics to provide clients with the capability to understand risk across their entire investment processes. MSCI’s future success depends, in part, upon the ability to manage this combination as well as its other businesses, including RiskMetrics’ corporate governance operation, which will pose challenges for management, including challenges relating to the management and monitoring of new operations and the coordination of activities across a larger organization. MSCI cannot assure you that it will be successful or that MSCI will realize expected operational efficiencies, cost savings, revenue enhancement and other benefits currently anticipated from the merger.
MSCI and RiskMetrics may have difficulty attracting, motivating and retaining executives and other key employees in light of the merger.
Uncertainty about the effect of the merger on MSCI and RiskMetrics employees may have an adverse effect on MSCI and RiskMetrics and consequently the combined business. This uncertainty may impair MSCI’s and RiskMetrics’ ability to attract, retain and motivate key personnel until the merger is completed. Employee retention may be particularly challenging during the pendency of the merger, as employees of MSCI and RiskMetrics may experience uncertainty about their future roles with the combined business. Additionally, RiskMetrics’ officers and employees may own shares of RiskMetrics’ common stock and/or have vested stock option grants and, if the merger is completed, may therefore be entitled to the merger consideration, the payment of which could provide sufficient financial incentive for certain officers and employees to no longer pursue employment with the combined business. If key employees of MSCI or RiskMetrics depart because of issues relating to the uncertainty and difficulty of integration, financial incentives or a desire not to become employees of the combined business, MSCI may have to incur significant costs in identifying, hiring and retaining replacements for departing employees, which could reduce MSCI’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the merger.
The indebtedness of MSCI following the completion of the merger will be substantially greater than MSCI’s indebtedness on a stand-alone basis and greater than the combined indebtedness of MSCI and RiskMetrics existing prior to the transaction. This increased level of indebtedness could adversely affect MSCI, including by decreasing MSCI’s business flexibility and increasing its borrowing costs.
Upon completion of the merger, MSCI will have incurred acquisition debt financing of up to $1,375.0 million, which will replace the existing senior secured credit facilities of RiskMetrics of $288.4 million and MSCI of $369.9 million outstanding as of December 31, 2009 and February 28, 2010, respectively. Covenants to which MSCI has agreed or may agree in connection with the acquisition debt financing, and MSCI’s substantial increased indebtedness and higher debt-to-equity ratio following completion of the merger in comparison to that of MSCI on a recent historical basis, will have the effect, among other things, of reducing MSCI’s flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions and will increase borrowing costs. In addition, the amount of cash required to service MSCI’s increased indebtedness levels and thus the demands on MSCI’s cash resources will be significantly greater than the percentages of cash flows required to service the indebtedness of MSCI or RiskMetrics individually prior to the transaction. The increased levels of indebtedness could also reduce funds available for MSCI’s investment in product development as well as capital expenditures and other activities, and may create competitive disadvantages for MSCI relative to other companies with lower debt levels.
MSCI will incur significant transaction and merger-related costs in connection with the merger.
MSCI expects to incur a number of non-recurring costs associated with combining the operations of the two companies. The substantial majority of non-recurring expenses resulting from the merger will be comprised of transaction costs related to the merger, facilities and systems consolidation costs and employment-related costs. MSCI will also incur transaction fees and costs related to formulating and implementing integration plans. MSCI continues to assess the magnitude of these costs and additional unanticipated costs may be incurred in the integration of the two companies’ businesses. Although MSCI expects that the elimination of duplicative costs, as well as the realization of other efficiencies related to the integration of the businesses, should allow MSCI to offset incremental transaction and merger-related costs over time, this net benefit may not be achieved in the near term, or at all.
The merger may not be accretive, and may be dilutive, to MSCI’s earnings per share, which may negatively affect the market price of MSCI class A common stock.
MSCI currently anticipates that the merger will be accretive to earnings per share during the first full calendar year after the merger. This expectation is based on preliminary estimates that may materially change. In addition, future events and conditions could decrease or delay the accretion that is currently expected or could result in dilution, including adverse changes in market conditions, additional transaction and integration related costs and other factors such as the failure to realize all of the benefits anticipated in the merger. Any dilution of, or decrease or delay of any accretion to, MSCI’s earnings per share could cause the price of MSCI’s common stock to decline.
There have been no unregistered sales of equity securities.
The table below sets forth the information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company of its common shares during the quarter ended February 28, 2010.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased As Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
| | | | |
Month #1 (December 1, 2009-December 31, 2009) Employee Transactions(1) | — | — | N/A | N/A |
| | | | |
Month #2 (January 1, 2010-January 31, 2010) Employee Transactions(1) | 70,920 | $34.49 | N/A | N/A |
| | | | |
Month #3 (February 1, 2010-February 28, 2010) Employee Transactions(1) | — | — | N/A | N/A |
| | | | |
Total Employee Transactions(1) | 70,920 | $34.49 | N/A | N/A |
(1) Includes shares withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations on behalf of employees that occur upon vesting and delivery of outstanding shares underlying restricted stock units. The value of the shares purchased was determined using the fair market value of the Company’s class A common shares on the date of withholding, using a valuation methodology established by the Company.
None.
None.
An exhibit index has been filed as part of this Report on page E-1.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: April 8, 2010
| | MSCI INC. (Registrant) | |
| | | |
| By: | /s/ Michael K. Neborak | |
| | Michael K. Neborak (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) | |
MSCI INC.
QUARTER ENDED FEBRUARY 28, 2010
| | 2.1 | | Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of February 28, 2010 among MSCI Inc., Crossway Inc. and RiskMetrics Group, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 2.2 | | Commitment Letter dated as of February 28, 2010 among MSCI Inc. and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 2.3 | | Voting and Irrevocable Proxy Agreement dated as of February 28, 2010 among MSCI Inc. and the stockholders named therein (filed as Exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 2.4 | | Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement dated as of February 28, 2010 between MSCI Inc. and Ethan Berman (filed as Exhibit 2.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 1, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 3.1 | | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2008) |
| | | | |
| | 3.2 | | Amended and Restated By-laws (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Form 10-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2008) |
| | | | |
| | 10.1† | | MSCI Inc. Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Annex B to the Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-33812 ), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2008) |
| | | | |
| | 10.2† | | MSCI Inc. Performance Formula and Incentive Plan (filed as Annex C to the Company’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-33812 ), filed with the SEC on January 29, 2008) |
| | | | |
| | 10.3 | | Syndication Agent Commitment Letter dated as of March 23, 2010 among Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch and MSCI Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 26, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 10.4 | | Documentation Agent Commitment Letter dated as of March 23, 2010 among Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, Bank of America, N.A. and MSCI Inc. (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-33812), filed with the SEC on March 26, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein) |
| | | | |
| | 11 | | Statement Re: Computation of Earnings Per Common share (The calculation per share earnings is in Part I, Item I, Note 3 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Earnings Per Common Share) and is omitted in accordance with Section (b)(11) of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
| | | | |
* | | 15 | | Letter of awareness from Deloitte & Touche LLP, dated April 8, 2010, concerning unaudited interim financial information |
| | | | |
| | 31.1 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer |
| | | | |
| | 31.2 | | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer |
| | | | |
| | 32.1 | | Section 1350 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer |
† | Indicates a management compensation plan, contract or arrangement previously filed. |