The following tables summarize unrealized investment losses, including the non-credit-related portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), by class of investment at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
Fixed maturity investments - Total unrealized losses decreased by $284,838 from December 31, 2008 to June 30, 2009. This decrease in unrealized losses is primarily due to the corporate debt securities and residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities classes and reflects some recovery in market liquidity and tightening of credit spreads, although the economic uncertainty in these markets still remains.
Unrealized losses on corporate debt securities decreased by $179,579 from December 31, 2008 to June 30, 2009. The valuation of these securities has been significantly influenced by market conditions. Management has classified these securities by sector, calculated as a percentage of total unrealized losses as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
Sector | | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 | |
| | | | | |
Finance | | | 72 | % | | | 51 | % | |
Utility | | | 13 | % | | | 20 | % | |
Natural resources | | | 5 | % | | | 9 | % | |
Consumer | | | 4 | % | | | 8 | % | |
Transportation | | | 2 | % | | | 4 | % | |
Other | | | 4 | % | | | 8 | % | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | 100 | % | | | 100 | % | |
| | | | | | | | | |
The non-finance sectors within the corporate debt security class had a decrease in unrealized losses, totaling approximately $182,220 since December 2008, generally attributable to tightening credit spreads and the return of some market liquidity. There was an increase in unrealized losses related to the finance sector of approximately $2,641 since December 31, 2008, primarily related to perpetual floating-interest-rate securities issued by foreign banks.
At June 30, 2009, 40% of total unrealized losses on corporate debt securities (approximately $175,956 of the $436,068), was related to securities in the finance industry on which there has been a ratings downgrade since December 31, 2008. Of the downgraded securities, 68% (approximately $119,632 of the $175,956) continue to be rated BBB or above.
Unrealized losses on residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities decreased $51,851 and $26,630, respectively, since December 31, 2008, generally due to tightening of credit spreads and the return of some market liquidity. Providing a partial offset, unrealized losses on asset-backed securities increased $9,579, however the pace of this increase has significantly slowed from prior periods. Although markets have improved, the continued market disruption has influenced valuations at June 30, 2009; however, the underlying collateral on the securities within the portfolio along with credit enhancement and/or guarantees is sufficient to expect full repayment of the principal. See Note 7 for additional discussion regarding fair value measurements.
Future recoveries in the fair value of all available-for-sale securities will be dependent upon the return of normal market liquidity and changes in general market conditions. While the decline in fair value has decreased, there has not yet been a full recovery in the markets and many unrealized losses have existed for longer than twelve months. The Company believes this is attributable to general market conditions and not reflective of the financial condition of the issuer or collateral backing the securities. Current liquidity conditions in the market place contribute to the uncertainty in the financial condition of the many issuers; however, the Company continually monitors its credit risk exposure to identify potential losses. The Company does not intend to sell the investments and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the investments before the recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity; therefore, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at June 30, 2009.
23
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
Equity investments - The increase in unrealized losses of $789 from December 31, 2008 to June 30, 2009 is related to issues in the airline industry. At June 30, 2009, the Company is continuing to monitor conditions impacting the industry, as noted above, and has determined that these securities are not other-than-temporarily impaired.
Other-than-temporary impairment recognition - The Company adopted FSP No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 for its fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2009. The adoption resulted in the reclassification of the non-credit portion of previously recorded other-than-temporary impairments on securities held as of April 1, 2009. A cumulative effect adjustment of $8,528 was recorded as an increase to retained earnings with a corresponding decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) in the condensed consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity. The following table summarizes the components of the cumulative effect adjustment:
| | | | |
Increase in amortized cost of fixed maturity available-for-sale securities | | $ | 16,680 | |
Change in deferred acquisition costs and value of business acquired | | | (3,560 | ) |
Income tax | | | (4,592 | ) |
| | | | |
Net cumulative effect | | $ | 8,528 | |
| | | | |
The Company recorded other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity investments of $943 and $111 during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. In 2009, none of these other-than-temporary impairments were recognized in other comprehensive income. During the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity investments of $3,405 and $16,272, respectively. In 2009, all other-than-temporary impairments on fixed maturity investments were related to continuing operations. Of the $16,272 recorded during the first six months of 2008, $11,900 was related to continuing operations, and $4,372 was related to discontinued operations. The Company recorded other-than-temporary impairments on equity securities of $7 during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2009. The Company did not record any other-than-temporary impairments on equity securities during the three months or six months ended June 30, 2008.
The other-than-temporary impairments of fixed maturity securities where a portion was related to non-credit losses which were recognized in net realized capital gains (losses) in the condensed consolidated statement of income, is summarized as follows:
| | | | |
Bifurcated credit loss balance, April 1, 2009 | | $ | 43,871 | |
Non-credit losses reclassified out of retained earnings into AOCI (A) | | | (16,680 | ) |
| | | | |
Bifurcated credit loss balance, June 30, 2009 | | $ | 27,191 | |
| | | | |
(A) Related to the adoption of FSP No. FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2
The credit loss portion on fixed maturities was determined as the difference between the securities’ amortized cost and the present value of expected future cash flows. These expected cash flows were determined using judgment and the best information available to the Company, and were discounted at the security’s original effective rate. Inputs used to derive expected cash flows included default rates, credit ratings, collateral characteristics and current levels of subordination.
24
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
7. Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 | |
| | | | | |
Assets | | Carrying amount | | Estimated fair value | | Carrying amount | | Estimated fair value | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturities and short-term investments | | $ | 13,397,544 | | $ | 13,397,544 | | $ | 12,378,740 | | $ | 12,378,740 | |
Mortgage loans on real estate | | | 1,479,905 | | | 1,389,980 | | | 1,380,101 | | | 1,373,015 | |
Equity investments | | | 19,308 | | | 19,308 | | | 17,790 | | | 17,790 | |
Policy loans | | | 3,994,071 | | | 3,994,071 | | | 3,979,094 | | | 3,979,094 | |
Other investments | | | 25,703 | | | 50,743 | | | 31,992 | | | 58,600 | |
Derivative instruments | | | 24,601 | | | 24,601 | | | 92,713 | | | 92,713 | |
Collateral under securities lending agreements | | | 91,941 | | | 91,941 | | | 43,205 | | | 43,205 | |
Reinsurance receivable | | | 12,297 | | | 12,297 | | | 8,144 | | | 8,144 | |
Separate account assets | | | 16,647,985 | | | 16,647,985 | | | 15,121,943 | | | 15,121,943 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 | |
| | | | | |
Liabilities | | Carrying amount | | Estimated fair value | | Carrying amount | | Estimated fair value | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Annuity contract reserves without life contingencies | | $ | 7,055,207 | | $ | 6,666,493 | | $ | 6,736,101 | | $ | 6,176,405 | |
Policyholders’ funds | | | 345,636 | | | 345,636 | | | 320,320 | | | 320,320 | |
Repurchase agreements | | | 129,572 | | | 129,572 | | | 202,079 | | | 202,079 | |
Commercial paper | | | 70,190 | | | 70,190 | | | 97,167 | | | 97,167 | |
Payable under securities lending agreements | | | 91,941 | | | 91,941 | | | 43,205 | | | 43,205 | |
Derivative instruments | | | 3,677 | | | 3,677 | | | — | | | — | |
Notes payable | | | 532,312 | | | 532,312 | | | 532,307 | | | 532,307 | |
Separate account liabilities | | | 16,647,985 | | | 16,647,985 | | | 15,121,943 | | | 15,121,943 | |
Fixed maturity and equity securities
The fair values for public fixed maturity and equity securities are based upon quoted market prices or estimates from independent pricing services. However, in cases where quoted market prices are not readily available, such as for private fixed maturity investments, fair values are estimated. To determine estimated fair value for these instruments, the Company generally utilizes discounted cash flows calculated at current market rates on investments of similar quality and term. Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about financial instruments, including estimates of the timing and amounts of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of the issuer or counterparty. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts of the Company’s financial instruments.
Short-term investments, securities lending agreements, repurchase agreements and commercial paper
The carrying value of short-term investments, collateral and payable under securities lending agreements, repurchase agreements and commercial paper is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to their short-term nature.
25
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
Mortgage loans on real estate
Mortgage loan fair value estimates are generally based on discounted cash flows. A discount rate matrix is incorporated whereby the discount rate used in valuing a specific mortgage generally corresponds to that mortgage’s remaining term and credit quality. The rates selected for inclusion in the discount rate matrix reflect rates that the Company would quote if placing loans representative in size and quality to those currently in its portfolio.
Policy loans
Policy loans accrue interest at variable rates with no fixed maturity dates; therefore, estimated fair values approximate carrying values.
Other investments
Other investments include the Company’s percentage ownership of a foreclosed lease interest in aircraft. The estimated fair value is based on the present value of anticipated lease payments plus the residual value of the aircraft. Also included in other investments is real estate held for investment. The estimated fair value is based on appraised value.
Derivative instruments
Included in other assets at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 are derivative financial instruments in the amounts of $24,601 and $92,713, respectively. Included in other liabilities at June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 are derivative financial instruments in the amounts of $3,677 and $0, respectively. The estimated fair values of over-the-counter derivatives, primarily consisting of interest rate swaps which are held for other than trading purposes, are the estimated amounts the Company would receive or pay to terminate the agreements at the end of each reporting period, taking into consideration current interest rates, counterparty credit risk and other relevant factors. Counterparty credit risk considerations were immaterial to the valuation of the derivatives at both June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.
Reinsurance receivable
The carrying value of the reinsurance receivable is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to their short-term nature.
Annuity contract reserves without life contingencies
The estimated fair values of annuity contract reserves without life contingencies are estimated by discounting the projected expected cash flows to the maturity of the contracts utilizing risk-free spot interest rates plus a provision for credit risk.
Policyholders’ funds
The estimated fair values of policyholders’ funds are the same as the carrying amounts since the Company can change the interest crediting rates with thirty days notice.
Notes payable
The estimated fair values of the notes payable to GWL&A Financial are based upon discounted cash flows at current market rates on high quality investments.
26
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
Separate account assets and liabilities
Separate account assets and liabilities are adjusted to net asset value on a daily basis, which approximates fair value.
Fair value disclosures
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is applicable in conjunction with other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, but does not expand the use of fair value to any new circumstances. More specifically, SFAS No. 157 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement and sets out a fair value hierarchy with the highest priority given to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. Further, SFAS No. 157 requires tabular disclosures of the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy.
The Company’s assets and liabilities recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy in accordance with SFAS No. 157. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
• Level 1 inputs utilize observable, quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Financial assets and liabilities utilizing Level 1 inputs include actively exchange-traded equity securities.
• Level 2 inputs utilize other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. The fair values for some Level 2 securities were obtained from a pricing service. The list of inputs used by the pricing service is reviewed on a quarterly basis. The pricing service inputs include, but are not limited to, benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, offers and reference data. Level 2 securities include those priced using a matrix which are based on credit quality and average life, U.S. government and agency securities, restricted stock, some private equities, certain fixed maturity investments and some over-the-counter derivatives. See Note 6 for further discussions of derivatives and their impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
• Level 3 inputs are unobservable and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. The prices of the majority of Level 3 securities were obtained from single broker quotes and internal pricing models. Financial assets and liabilities utilizing Level 3 inputs include certain private equity, fixed maturity and over-the-counter derivative investments.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
27
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
The following table presents information about the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2009 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis June 30, 2009 | |
| | | |
Assets | | Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) | | Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) | | Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government direct obligations and U.S. agencies | | $ | — | | $ | 1,901,318 | | $ | 1,381 | | $ | 1,902,699 | |
Obligations of U.S. states and their subdivisions | | | — | | | 1,281,265 | | | — | | | 1,281,265 | |
Foreign governments | | | — | | | 452 | | | — | | | 452 | |
Corporate debt securities | | | — | | | 5,859,735 | | | 228,310 | | | 6,088,045 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | 1,326,675 | | | 401,991 | | | 1,728,666 | |
Residential mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | 801,557 | | | — | | | 801,557 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | 635,782 | | | 55,305 | | | 691,087 | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | — | | | 43,949 | | | 14,240 | | | 58,189 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total fixed maturities available-for-sale | | | — | | | 11,850,733 | | | 701,227 | | | 12,551,960 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fixed maturities, held for trading: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. government direct obligations and U.S. agencies | | | — | | | 421,520 | | | — | | | 421,520 | |
Corporate debt securities | | | — | | | 63,794 | | | — | | | 63,794 | |
Asset-backed securities | | | — | | | 40,450 | | | — | | | 40,450 | |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities | | | — | | | 7,833 | | | — | | | 7,833 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total fixed maturities held for trading | | | — | | | 533,597 | | | — | | | 533,597 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Equity investments available-for-sale: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer products | | | 49 | | | — | | | — | | | 49 | |
Equity mutual funds | | | 16,679 | | | 330 | | | — | | | 17,009 | |
Airline industry | | | 2,250 | | | — | | | — | | | 2,250 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total equity investments | | | 18,978 | | | 330 | | | — | | | 19,308 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Short-term investments available-for-sale | | | 31,031 | | | 280,956 | | | — | | | 311,987 | |
Collateral under securities lending agreements | | | 91,941 | | | — | | | — | | | 91,941 | |
Other assets 1 | | | — | | | 24,601 | | | — | | | 24,601 | |
Separate account assets 2 | | | 9,697,776 | | | 6,497,201 | | | 7,790 | | | 16,202,767 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 9,839,726 | | $ | 19,187,418 | | $ | 709,017 | | $ | 29,736,161 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities 1 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 3,677 | | $ | 3,677 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
1 | Includes derivative financial instruments. |
2 | Includes only separate account investments which are carried at the fair value of the underlying invested assets owned by the separate accounts. |
28
GREAT-WEST LIFE & ANNUITY INSURANCE COMPANY
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
The following table presents additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value for the three months ended June 30, 2009: