Institutional Shares | |
January 19, 2007 | |
n Goldman Sachs Strategic International Equity Fund |
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION HAS NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE. | |
AN INVESTMENT IN A FUND IS NOT A BANK DEPOSIT AND IS NOT INSURED BY THE FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION OR ANY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCY. AN INVESTMENT IN A FUND INVOLVES INVESTMENT RISKS, AND YOU MAY LOSE MONEY IN A FUND. |
NOT FDIC-INSURED | May Lose Value | No Bank Guarantee | ||
General Investment Management Approach | |
Goldman Sachs Asset Management International (“GSAMI”) serves as investment adviser to the Strategic International Equity Fund. GSAMI is referred to in this Prospectus as the “Investment Adviser.” |
ACTIVE INTERNATIONAL STYLE FUND |
GSAMI’s Active International Investment Philosophy: |
Belief | How the Investment Adviser Acts on Belief | |
n Equity markets are inefficient | Seeks excess return through team driven, research intensive and bottom-up stock selection. | |
n Corporate fundamentals ultimately drive share price | Seeks to conduct rigorous, first-hand research of business and company management. | |
n A business’ intrinsic value will be achieved over time | Seeks to realize value through a long-term investment horizon. |
The Investment Adviser attempts to manage risk in the Fund through disciplined portfolio construction and continual portfolio review and analysis. As a result, bottom-up stock selection, driven by fundamental research, should be a main driver of returns. | |
Investments are selected through a rigorous bottom-up research process. Particular emphasis is placed on investing in companies that demonstrate long-term earnings power, which the Investment Adviser defines as the ability of a company to generate strong, sustainable earnings and to create value for shareholders over the long term. Rigorous, formal and informal debate enhances the quality of the Investment Adviser’s final investment decisions regarding these companies. | |
References in this Prospectus to the Fund’s benchmark are for informational purposes only, and unless otherwise noted are not an indication of how the Fund is managed. |
Fund Investment Objective and Strategies |
Goldman Sachs Strategic International Equity Fund |
FUND FACTS | ||
Objective: | Long-term growth of capital | |
Benchmark: | MSCI® EAFE® Index (unhedged) | |
Investment Focus: | Equity investments in companies organized outside the United States or whose securities are principally traded outside the United States | |
Investment Style: | Active International | |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE |
The Fund seeks long-term growth of capital. The Fund seeks this objective by investing in the stocks of leading companies within developed and emerging countries around the world, outside the U.S. |
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES |
Equity Investments. The Fund invests, under normal circumstances, substantially all, and at least 80% of its net assets plus any borrowings for investment purposes (measured at time of purchase) (“Net Assets”) in a diversified portfolio of equity investments in companies that are organized outside the United States or whose securities are principally traded outside the United States. The Fund intends to invest in companies with public stock market capitalizations that are larger than $500 million at the time of investment. | |
The Fund may allocate its assets among countries as determined by the Investment Adviser provided that the Fund’s assets are invested in at least three foreign countries. | |
The Fund expects to invest a substantial portion of its assets in the securities of issuers located in the developed countries of Western Europe and in Japan. From time to time, the Fund’s investments in a particular developed country may exceed 25% of its investment portfolio. In addition, the Fund may also invest in the securities of issuers located in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and in emerging |
* | To the extent required by Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations, shareholders will be provided with sixty days notice in the manner prescribed by the SEC before any change in the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its Net Assets in the particular type of investment suggested by its name. |
countries. Currently, emerging countries include, among others, most Latin and South American, African, Asian and Eastern European nations. | |
Other. The Fund may also invest up to 20% of its Net Assets in fixed-income securities, such as government, corporate and bank debt obligations. |
and Securities
The table below identifies some of the investment techniques that may (but are not required to) be used by the Fund in seeking to achieve its investment objective. Numbers in this table show allowable usage only; for actual usage, consult the Fund’s annual/semi-annual reports (when available). For more information about these and other investment practices and securities, see Appendix A. The Fund publishes on its website (http://www.goldmansachsfunds.com) complete portfolio holdings for the Fund as of the end of each calendar quarter subject to a fifteen calendar-day lag between the date of the information and the date on which the information is disclosed. In addition, the Fund publishes on its website month-end top ten holdings subject to a ten calendar-day lag between the date of the information and the date on which the information is disclosed. This information will be available on the website until the date on which the Fund files its next quarterly portfolio holdings report on Form N-CSR or Form N-Q with the SEC. In addition, a description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“Additional Statement”).
10 Percent of total assets (including securities lending collateral) (italic type) | Strategic | |
10 Percent of net assets (excluding borrowings for investment purposes) (roman type) | International | |
• No specific percentage limitation on usage; | Equity | |
limited only by the objectives and strategies of the Fund | Fund | |
Investment Practices | ||
Borrowings | 33 1/3 | |
Cross Hedging of Currencies | • | |
Currency Swaps* | • | |
Custodial Receipts and Trust Certificates | • | |
Equity Swaps* | • | |
Foreign Currency Transactions | • | |
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts | • | |
Investment Company Securities (including exchange-traded funds) | 10 | |
Options on Foreign Currencies1 | • | |
Options on Securities and Securities Indices2 | • | |
Unseasoned Companies | • | |
Warrants and Stock Purchase Rights | • | |
Repurchase Agreements | • | |
Securities Lending | 33 1/3 | |
Short Sales Against the Box | 25 | |
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments | • | |
* | Limited to 15% of net assets (together with other illiquid securities) for all structured securities and all swap transactions that are not deemed liquid. | |
1 | The Fund may purchase and sell call and put options. | |
2 | The Fund may sell covered call and put options and purchase call and put options. |
10 Percent of Total Assets (excluding securities lending | ||
collateral) (italic type) | ||
10 Percent of Net Assets (including borrowings for investment | ||
purposes) (roman type) | Strategic | |
• No specific percentage limitation on usage; | International | |
limited only by the objectives and strategies | Equity | |
of the Fund | Fund | |
Investment Securities | ||
American, European and Global Depositary Receipts | • | |
Asset-Backed and Mortgage-Backed Securities2 | • | |
Bank Obligations1,2 | • | |
Convertible Securities | • | |
Corporate Debt Obligations2 | • | |
Equity Investments | 80+ | |
Emerging Country Securities | • | |
Fixed-Income Securities3 | 20 | |
Foreign Securities | • | |
Foreign Government Securities2 | • | |
Non-Investment Grade Fixed-Income Securities2,4 | • | |
Real Estate Investment Trusts | • | |
Structured Securities* | • | |
Temporary Investments | 35 | |
U.S. Government Securities2 | • | |
* | Limited to 15% of net assets (together with other illiquid securities) for all structured securities and all swap transactions that are not deemed liquid. | |
1 | Issued by U.S. or foreign banks. | |
2 | Limited by the amount the Fund invests in fixed-income securities. | |
3 | Except as noted under “Non-Investment Grade Fixed-Income Securities,” fixed-income securities are investment grade (e.g., BBB or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Group (“Standard & Poor’s”), Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or have a comparable rating by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”)). | |
4 | May be BB or lower by Standard & Poor’s, Ba or lower by Moody’s or have a comparable rating by another NRSRO at the time of investment. |
Loss of money is a risk of investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency. The following summarizes important risks that apply to the Fund and may result in a loss of your investment. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Strategic | ||
International | ||
• Applicable | Equity | |
Credit/Default | • | |
Foreign | • | |
Emerging Countries | • | |
Stock | • | |
Derivatives | • | |
Interest Rate | • | |
Management | • | |
Market | • | |
Liquidity | • | |
Investment Style | • | |
Geographic | • | |
Mid Cap and Small Cap | • | |
n | Credit/Default Risk—The risk that an issuer or guarantor of fixed-income securities held by the Fund may default on its obligation to pay interest and repay principal. |
n | Foreign Risk—The risk that when the Fund invests in foreign securities, it will be subject to risk of loss not typically associated with domestic issuers. Loss may result because of less foreign government regulation, less public information and less economic, political and social stability. Loss may also result from the imposition of exchange controls, confiscations and other government restrictions. The Fund will also be subject to the risk of negative foreign currency rate fluctuations. Foreign risks will normally be greatest when the Fund invests in issuers located in emerging countries. |
n | Emerging Countries Risk—The securities markets of Asian, Latin, Central and South American, Eastern European, Middle Eastern, African and other emerging countries are less liquid, are especially subject to greater price volatility, have smaller market capitalizations, have less government regulation and are not subject to as extensive and frequent accounting, financial and other reporting requirements |
as the securities markets of more developed countries. Further, investment in equity securities of issuers located in certain emerging countries involves risk of loss resulting from problems in share registration and custody and substantial economic and political disruptions. These risks are not normally associated with investment in more developed countries. | |
n | Stock Risk—The risk that stock prices have historically risen and fallen in periodic cycles. Recently, U.S. and foreign stock markets have experienced substantial price volatility. |
n | Derivatives Risk—The risk that loss may result from the Fund’s investments in options, futures, swaps, options on swaps, structured securities and other derivative instruments. These instruments may be leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses to the Fund. |
n | Interest Rate Risk—The risk that when interest rates increase, fixed-income securities held by the Fund will decline in value. Long-term fixed-income securities will normally have more price volatility because of this risk than short-term fixed-income securities. |
n | Management Risk—The risk that a strategy used by the Investment Adviser may fail to produce the intended results. |
n | Market Risk—The risk that the value of the securities in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual companies, particular industry sectors or governments and/or general economic conditions. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. The Fund’s investments may be overweighted from time to time in one or more industry sectors, which will increase the Fund’s exposure to risk of loss from adverse developments affecting those sectors. |
n | Liquidity Risk—The risk that the Fund will not be able to pay redemption proceeds within the time period stated in this Prospectus because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, or other reasons. The Fund will be especially subject to the risk that during certain periods the liquidity of particular issuers or industries, or all securities within particular investment categories, will shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse economic, market or political events, or adverse investor perceptions whether or not accurate. The Goldman Sachs Asset Allocation Portfolios (the “Asset Allocation Portfolios”) expect to invest a significant percentage of their assets in the Fund and other funds for which Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (“GSAM”) or an affiliate now or in the future acts as investment adviser or underwriter. Redemptions by an Asset Allocation Portfolio of its position in the Fund may further increase liquidity risk and may impact a Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”). |
n | Investment Style Risk—Different investment styles tend to shift in and out of favor depending upon market and economic conditions as well as investor sentiment. The Fund may outperform or underperform other funds that employ a different |
investment style. Examples of different investment styles include growth and value investing. Growth stocks may be more volatile than other stocks because they are more sensitive to investor perceptions of the issuing company’s growth of earnings potential. Growth companies are often expected by investors to increase their earnings at a certain rate. When these expectations are not met, investors can punish the stocks inordinately even if earnings showed an absolute increase. Also, since growth companies usually invest a high portion of earnings in their business, growth stocks may lack the dividends of some value stocks that can cushion stock prices in a falling market. Growth oriented funds will typically underperform when value investing is in favor. Value stocks are those that are undervalued in comparison to their peers due to adverse business developments or other factors. | |
n | Geographic Risk—Concentration of the investments in issuers located in a particular country or region will subject the Fund, to a greater extent than if investments were less concentrated, to the risks of adverse securities markets, exchange rates and social, political, regulatory or economic events which may occur in that country or region. |
n | Mid Cap and Small Cap Risk—The securities of small capitalization and mid-capitalization companies involve greater risks than those associated with larger, more established companies and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements. Securities of such issuers may lack sufficient market liquidity to enable the Fund to effect sales at an advantageous time or without a substantial drop in price. Both mid-cap and small-cap companies often have narrower markets and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger, more established companies. As a result, their performance can be more volatile and they face greater risk of business failure, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s portfolio. Generally, the smaller the company size, the greater these risks. |
More information about the Fund’s portfolio securities and investment techniques, and their associated risks, is provided in Appendix A. You should consider the investment risks discussed in this section and in Appendix A. Both are important to your investment choice.
Fund Performance |
HOW THE FUND HAS PERFORMED |
The Fund has not commenced operations before the date of this Prospectus. Therefore, no performance information is provided in this section. The Fund first began operations as the AXA Enterprise International Growth Fund of AXA Enterprise Funds Trust (the “Predecessor Fund”). The Predecessor Fund was reorganized as a new portfolio of Goldman Sachs Trust. Performance of the Predecessor Fund is not shown because as part of the reorganization the Predecessor Fund changed its investment adviser to GSAMI. |
This table describes the fees and expenses that you would pay if you buy and hold Institutional Shares of the Fund.
Strategic | ||||
International | ||||
Equity Fund | ||||
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment): | ||||
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases | None | |||
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends | None | |||
Redemption Fees1 | 2.0% | |||
Exchange Fees | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that are deducted from Fund assets):2 | ||||
Management Fees3 | 0.85% | |||
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees | None | |||
Other Expenses4* | 0.40% | |||
Total Fund Operating Expenses* | 1.25% | |||
* | The “Other Expenses” and “Total Fund Operating Expenses” (after any waivers and expense limitations) set forth below have been restated to reflect the current waivers and expense limitations that are expected for the current fiscal year. The waivers and expense limitations may be modified or terminated at any time at the option of the Investment Adviser. If this occurs, “Other Expenses” and “Total Fund Operating Expenses” may increase without shareholder approval. |
Strategic | ||||
International | ||||
Equity Fund | ||||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that are deducted from Fund assets):2 | ||||
Management Fees3 | 0.85% | |||
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees | None | |||
Other Expenses4 | 0.20% | |||
Total Fund Operating Expenses (after current waivers and expense limitations) | 1.05% | |||
1 | A 2% redemption fee will be imposed on the redemption of shares (including by exchange) held for 30 calendar days or less. | |
2 | The Fund’s annual operating expenses have been estimated for the current fiscal year. | |
3 | The Investment Adviser is entitled to a management fee from the Fund at an annual rate equal to the following percentages of the average daily net assets of the Fund: 0.85% on the first $1 billion, 0.77% on the next $1 billion, and 0.73% over $2 billion. | |
4 | “Other Expenses” include transfer agency fees and expenses equal on an annualized basis to 0.04% of the average daily net assets of the Fund’s Institutional Shares plus all other ordinary expenses not detailed above. The Investment Adviser has voluntarily agreed to reduce or limit “Other Expenses” (excluding management fees, transfer agency fees and expenses, dividend expenses on short sales, taxes, interest, brokerage fees and litigation, indemnification, shareholder meeting and other extraordinary expenses exclusive of any expense offset arrangements) to 0.16% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. These expense reductions may be terminated at any time at the option of the Investment Adviser. | |
Example
The following Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund (without the waivers and expense limitations) with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in Institutional Shares of the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
Strategic International Equity Fund | $ | 127 | $ | 397 | $ | 686 | $ | 1,511 | ||||||||
Institutions that invest in Institutional Shares on behalf of their customers may charge other fees directly to their customer accounts in connection with their investments. You should contact your institution for information regarding such charges. Such fees, if any, may affect the return such customers realize with respect to their investments.
Certain institutions that invest in Institutional Shares may receive other compensation in connection with the sale and distribution of Institutional Shares or for services to their customers’ accounts and/or the Fund. For additional information regarding such compensation, see “Shareholder Guide” in the Prospectus and “Payments to Intermediaries” in the Additional Statement.
Service Providers |
INVESTMENT ADVISER |
Investment Adviser | Fund | |
Goldman Sachs Asset Management International (“GSAMI”) Christchurch Court 10-15 Newgate Street London, England EC1A 7HD | Strategic International Equity | |
GSAMI, a member of the Investment Management Regulatory Organization Limited since 1990 and a registered investment adviser since 1991, is an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. (“Goldman Sachs”). As of September 30, 2006, GSAMI had assets under management of $576.4 billion. | |
The Investment Adviser provides day-to-day advice regarding the Fund’s portfolio transactions. The Investment Adviser makes the investment decisions for the Fund and places purchase and sale orders for the Fund’s portfolio transactions in U.S. and foreign markets. As permitted by applicable law, these orders may be directed to any brokers, including Goldman Sachs and its affiliates. While the Investment Adviser is ultimately responsible for the management of the Fund, it is able to draw upon the research and expertise of its asset management affiliates for portfolio decisions and management with respect to certain portfolio securities. In addition, the Investment Adviser has access to the research and certain proprietary technical models developed by Goldman Sachs, and will apply quantitative and qualitative analysis in determining the appropriate allocations among categories of issuers and types of securities. | |
The Investment Adviser also performs the following additional services for the Fund: |
n | Supervises all non-advisory operations of the Fund | |
n | Provides personnel to perform necessary executive, administrative and clerical services to the Fund | |
n | Arranges for the preparation of all required tax returns, reports to shareholders, prospectuses and statements of additional information and other reports filed with the SEC and other regulatory authorities | |
n | Maintains the records of the Fund | |
n | Provides office space and all necessary office equipment and services |
MANAGEMENT FEES |
As compensation for its services and its assumption of certain expenses, the Investment Adviser is entitled to the following fees, computed daily and payable monthly, at the annual rates (as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets) listed below: |
Management | ||||||
Fee | Average Daily | |||||
GSAMI: | Annual Rate | Net Assets | ||||
Strategic International Equity | 0.85 | % | First $1 Billion | |||
0.77 | Next $1 Billion | |||||
0.73 | Over $2 Billion | |||||
The Investment Adviser may voluntarily waive a portion of its advisory fee from time to time, and may discontinue or modify any such voluntary limitations in the future at its discretion. | |
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the Management Agreement for the Fund will be available in the Fund’s annual report dated August 31, 2007. |
FUND MANAGERS |
Active International Portfolio Management Team |
n | Global portfolio teams based in London, Singapore, Tokyo and New York. Local presence is a key to the Investment Adviser’s fundamental research capabilities | |
n | Team manages over $17 billion in international equities for retail, institutional and high net worth clients | |
n | Focus on bottom-up stock selection as main driver of returns, though the team leverages the asset allocation, currency and risk management capabilities of GSAMI |
Years | ||||||
Primarily | ||||||
Name and Title | Fund Responsibility | Responsible | Five Year Employment History | |||
Mark Beveridge, CFA Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer, Non-US Active Equity | Portfolio Manager— Strategic International Equity | Since 2007 | Mr. Beveridge joined the Investment Adviser in December 2004 as Chief Investment Officer of the Non-US Active Equity business which encompasses the Global/International, UK/European, Asia ex Japan and Japan strategies. Prior to joining the Investment Adviser, he spent 19 years at Franklin Templeton, where he was Executive Vice President and Senior Portfolio Manager responsible for ex-US portfolios. | |||
William Howard, CFA Managing Director Director of Research, Non-US Active Equity | Portfolio Manager— Strategic International Equity | Since 2007 | Mr. Howard joined the Investment Adviser in January 2005 as a portfolio manager. He is also Director of Research for Non-US Active Equity. From 1993 to 2004 he was a Portfolio Manager at Franklin Templeton responsible for ex-US portfolios. | |||
Michael Stanes Executive Director | Portfolio Manager— Strategic International Equity | Since 2007 | Mr. Stanes joined the Investment Adviser as a portfolio manager in November 2002. From 1986 to 2001, he worked at Mercury Asset Management, where he managed UK equity portfolios in London, Japanese equity portfolios in Tokyo and US and global portfolios in the US. | |||
Mark Beveridge serves as Chief Investment Officer (“CIO”) of GSAM’s Non-US Active Equity team and CIO of GSAMI’s Global/EAFE strategies. As CIO, Mr. Beveridge is ultimately responsible for the composition of a Fund’s structure at both the stock and industry level. Along with the other portfolio managers on the |
team, Mr. Beveridge has specific industry research responsibilities. Each portfolio manager is responsible for liaising with research analysts around the world, promoting his or her stock selection ideas to the other members of the team and after debating their inclusion in the portfolio. | |
For more information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in the Fund, see the Additional Statement. |
DISTRIBUTOR AND TRANSFER AGENT |
Goldman Sachs, 85 Broad Street, New York, New York 10004, serves as the exclusive distributor (the “Distributor”) of the Fund’s shares. Goldman Sachs, 71 S. Wacker Dr., Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60606, also serves as the Fund’s transfer agent (the “Transfer Agent”) and, as such, performs various shareholder servicing functions. | |
From time to time, Goldman Sachs or any of its affiliates may purchase and hold shares of the Fund. Goldman Sachs reserves the right to redeem at any time some or all of the shares acquired for its own account. |
ACTIVITIES OF GOLDMAN SACHS AND ITS AFFILIATES AND OTHER ACCOUNTS MANAGED BY GOLDMAN SACHS |
The involvement of the Investment Adviser, Goldman Sachs and their affiliates in the management of, or their interest in, other accounts and other activities of Goldman Sachs may present conflicts of interest with respect to the Fund or limit the Fund’s investment activities. Goldman Sachs is a full service investment banking, broker dealer, asset management and financial services organization and a major participant in global financial markets. As such, it acts as an investor, investment banker, research provider, investment manager, financier, advisor, market maker, trader, prime broker, lender, agent and principal, and has other direct and indirect interests, in the global fixed income, currency, commodity, equity and other markets in which the Fund directly and indirectly invests. Thus, it is likely that the Fund will have multiple business relationships with and will invest in, engage in transactions with, make voting decisions with respect to, or obtain services from entities for which Goldman Sachs performs or seeks to perform investment banking or other services. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates engage in proprietary trading and advise accounts and funds which have investment objectives similar to those of the Fund and/or which engage in and compete for transactions in the same types of securities, currencies and instruments as the Fund. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates will not have any obligation to make available any |
information regarding their proprietary activities or strategies, or the activities or strategies used for other accounts managed by them, for the benefit of the management of the Fund. The results of the Fund’s investment activities, therefore, may differ from those of Goldman Sachs, its affiliates, and other accounts managed by Goldman Sachs, and it is possible that the Fund could sustain losses during periods in which Goldman Sachs and its affiliates and other accounts achieve significant profits on their trading for proprietary or other accounts. In addition, the Fund may, from time to time, enter into transactions in which Goldman Sachs or its other clients have an adverse interest. For example, the Fund may take a long position in a security at the same time that Goldman Sachs or other accounts managed by the Investment Adviser take a short position in the same security (or vice versa). These and other transactions undertaken by Goldman Sachs, its affiliates or Goldman Sachs advised clients may adversely impact the Fund. Transactions by one or more Goldman Sachs advised clients or the Investment Adviser may have the effect of diluting or otherwise disadvantaging the values, prices or investment strategies of the Fund. The Fund’s activities may be limited because of regulatory restrictions applicable to Goldman Sachs and its affiliates, and/or their internal policies designed to comply with such restrictions. As a global financial services firm, Goldman Sachs also provides a wide range of investment banking and financial services to issuers of securities and investors in securities. Goldman Sachs, its affiliates and others associated with it may create markets or specialize in, have positions in and affect transactions in, securities of issuers held by the Fund, and may also perform or seek to perform investment banking and financial services for those issuers. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates may have business relationships with and purchase or distribute or sell services or products from or to, distributors, consultants and others who recommend the Fund as when acquisitions with or for the Fund. For more information about conflicts of interest, see the Additional Statement. | |
Under a securities lending program approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees, the Fund has retained an affiliate of the Investment Adviser to serve as the securities lending agent for the Fund to the extent that the Fund engages in the securities lending program. For these services, the lending agent may receive a fee from the Fund, including a fee based on the returns earned on the Fund’s investment of the cash received as collateral for the loaned securities. In addition, the Fund may make brokerage and other payments to Goldman Sachs and its affiliates in connection with the Fund’s portfolio investment transactions. |
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
On April 2, 2004, Lois Burke, a plaintiff identifying herself as a shareholder of the Goldman Sachs Internet Tollkeeper Fund, filed a purported class and derivative action lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (“GSG”), GSAM, the Trustees and Officers of the Goldman Sachs Trust (the “Trust”), and John Doe Defendants. In addition, certain other investment portfolios of the Trust were named as nominal defendants. On April 19 and May 6, 2004, additional class and derivative action lawsuits containing substantially similar allegations and requests for redress were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On June 29, 2004, the three complaints were consolidated into one action, In re Goldman Sachs Mutual Funds Fee Litigation, and on November 17, 2004, the plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint against GSG, GSAM, GSAMI, Goldman, Sachs & Co., the Trust, Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust (“GSVIT”) the Trustees and Officers of the Trust and John Doe Defendants (collectively, the “Defendants”) in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Certain investment portfolios of the Trust and GSVIT (collectively, the “Goldman Sachs Funds”) were named as nominal defendants in the amended complaint. Plaintiffs filed a second amended consolidated complaint on April 15, 2005. | |
The second amended consolidated complaint, which is brought on behalf of all persons or entities who held shares in the Goldman Sachs Funds between April 2, 1999 and January 9, 2004, inclusive (the “Class Period”), asserts claims involving (i) violations of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”) and the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, (ii) common law breaches of fiduciary duty and (iii) unjust enrichment. The complaint alleges, among other things, that during the Class Period, the Defendants made improper and excessive brokerage commission and other payments to brokers that sold shares of the Goldman Sachs Funds and omitted statements of-fact in registration statements and reports filed pursuant to the Investment Company Act which were necessary to prevent such registration statements and reports from being materially false and misleading. In addition, the complaint alleges that the Goldman Sachs Funds paid excessive and improper investment advisory fees to GSAM and GSAMI. The complaint also alleges that GSAM and GSAMI used Rule 12b-1 fees for improper purposes and made improper use of soft dollars. The complaint further alleges that the Trust’s Officers and Trustees breached their fiduciary duties in connection with the foregoing. The plaintiffs in the cases are seeking compensatory damages; rescission of GSAM’s and GSAMI’s investment advisory agreement and return of fees paid; an accounting of all Goldman Sachs Funds-related fees, commissions and soft dollar payments; restitution of all unlawfully or discriminatorily obtained fees and charges; and |
reasonable costs and expenses, including counsel fees and expert fees. On January 13, 2006, all claims against the Defendants were dismissed by the U.S. District Court. On February 22, 2006, the plaintiffs appealed this decision. By agreement, plaintiffs subsequently withdrew their appeal without prejudice but reserved their right to reactivate their appeal pending a decision by the circuit court of appeals on similar litigation. | |
Based on currently available information, GSAM and GSAMI believe that the likelihood that the pending purported class and derivative action lawsuit will have a material adverse financial impact on the Goldman Sachs Funds is remote, and the pending action is not likely to materially affect their ability to provide investment management services to their clients, including the Goldman Sachs Funds. |
Dividends | |
The Fund pays dividends from its investment income and distributions from net realized capital gains. You may choose to have dividends and distributions paid in: |
n | Cash | |
n | Additional shares of the same class of the Fund | |
n | Shares of the same or an equivalent class of another Goldman Sachs Fund. Special restrictions may apply for certain Goldman Sachs Institutional Liquid Assets Portfolios (“ILA Portfolios”). See the Additional Statement. |
You may indicate your election on your Account Application. Any changes may be submitted in writing to Goldman Sachs at any time before the record date for a particular dividend or distribution. If you do not indicate any choice, dividends and distributions will be reinvested automatically in the Fund. | |
The election to reinvest dividends and distributions in additional shares will not affect the tax treatment of such dividends and distributions, which will be treated as received by you and then used to purchase the shares. | |
The Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may elect to pass-through these taxes to you. If this election is made, a proportionate amount of such taxes will constitute a distribution to you, which would allow you either (i) to credit such proportionate amount of foreign taxes against your U.S. federal income tax liability or (ii) to take such amount as an itemized deduction. | |
Dividends from investment income and distributions from net capital gains are declared and paid annually by the Fund. | |
From time to time a portion of the Fund’s dividends may constitute a return of capital for tax purposes, and/or may include amounts in excess of the Fund’s net investment income for the period calculated in accordance with good accounting practice. | |
When you purchase shares of the Fund, part of the NAV per share may be represented by undistributed income and/or realized gains that have previously been earned by the Fund. Therefore, subsequent distributions on such shares from such income and/or realized gains may be taxable to you even if the NAV of the shares is, as a result of the distributions, reduced below the cost of such shares and the distributions (or portions thereof) represent a return of a portion of the purchase price. | |
Shareholder Guide | |
The following section will provide you with answers to some of the most often asked questions regarding buying and selling the Fund’s Institutional Shares. |
HOW TO BUY SHARES |
How Can I Purchase Institutional Shares Of The Fund? | |
You may purchase Institutional Shares on any business day at their NAV next determined after receipt of an order. No sales load is charged. You should either: |
n | Place an order with Goldman Sachs at 1-800-621-2550 and wire federal funds to The Northern Trust Company (“Northern”), as subcustodian for JPMorganChase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorganChase”) (the Fund’s custodian), on the next business day; or | |
n | Send a check or Federal Reserve draft payable to Goldman Sachs Funds—(Name of Fund and Class of Shares), P.O. Box 06050, Chicago, IL 60606-6306. The Fund will not accept a check drawn on foreign banks, third-party checks, cashier’s checks or official checks, temporary checks, electronic checks, drawer checks, cash, money orders, travelers cheques or credit card checks. In limited situations, involving the transfer of retirement assets, the Fund may accept cashier’s checks or official bank checks. | |
In order to make an initial investment in the Fund, you must furnish to the Fund or Goldman Sachs the Account Application. Purchases of Institutional Shares must be settled within three business days of receipt of a complete purchase order. | |
How Do I Purchase Shares Through A Financial Institution? | |
Certain institutions (including banks, trust companies, brokers and investment advisers) that provide recordkeeping, reporting and processing services to their customers may be authorized to accept, on behalf of the Trust, purchase, redemption and exchange orders placed by or on behalf of their customers, and may designate other intermediaries to accept such orders, if approved by the Trust. In these cases: |
n | The Fund will be deemed to have received an order in proper form when the order is accepted by the authorized institution or intermediary on a business day, and the order will be priced at the Fund’s NAV per share (less any applicable redemption fee) next determined after such acceptance. | |
n | Authorized institutions and intermediaries will be responsible for transmitting accepted orders and payments to the Trust within the time period agreed upon by them. |
You should contact your institution or intermediary to learn whether it is authorized to accept orders for the Trust. These institutions may receive payments from the Fund or Goldman Sachs for the services provided by them with respect to the Fund’s Institutional Shares. These payments may be in addition to other payments borne by the Fund. | |
The Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may make payments to authorized dealers and other financial intermediaries (“Intermediaries”) from time to time to promote the sale, distribution and/or servicing of shares of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds. These payments are made out of the Investment Adviser’s, Distributor’s and/or their affiliates’ own assets, and are not an additional charge to the Fund. Such payments are intended to compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing shares of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds, which may consist of payments relating to Funds included on preferred or recommended fund lists or in certain sales programs from time to time sponsored by the Intermediaries; access to the Intermediaries’ registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; marketing support; and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund and other Goldman Sachs Funds. The payments may also, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, contribute to various non-cash and cash incentive arrangements to promote the sale of shares, as well as sponsor various educational programs, sales contests and/or promotions. The additional payments by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may also compensate Intermediaries for subaccounting, administrative, and/or shareholder processing services that are in addition to the fees paid for these services by the Fund. The amount of these additional payments is normally not expected to exceed 0.50% (annualized) of the amount sold or invested through the Intermediaries. Please refer to the “Payments to Intermediaries” section of the Additional Statement for more information about these payments. | |
The payments made by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may be different for different Intermediaries. The presence of these payments and the basis on which an Intermediary compensates its registered representatives or salespersons may create an incentive for a particular Intermediary, registered representative or salesperson to highlight, feature or recommend Funds based, at least in part, on the level of compensation paid. You should contact your authorized dealer or Intermediary for more information about the payments it receives and any potential conflicts of interest. | |
In addition to Institutional Shares, the Fund also offers other classes of shares to investors. These other share classes are subject to different fees and expenses |
(which affect performance), have different minimum investment requirements and are entitled to different services than Institutional Shares. Information regarding these other share classes may be obtained from your sales representative or from Goldman Sachs by calling the number on the back cover of this Prospectus. | |
What Is My Minimum Investment In The Fund? |
Type of Investor | Minimum Investment | |
n Banks, trust companies or other depository institutions investing for their own account or on behalf of their clients | $1,000,000 in Institutional Shares of the Fund alone or in combination with other assets under the management of GSAM and its affiliates | |
n Section 401(k), profit sharing, money purchase pension, tax-sheltered annuity, defined benefit pension, or other employee benefit plans that are sponsored by one or more employers (including governmental or church employers) or employee organizations | ||
n State, county, city or any instrumentality, department, authority or agency thereof | ||
n Corporations with at least $100 million in assets or in outstanding publicly traded securities | ||
n “Wrap” account sponsors (provided they have an agreement covering the arrangement with GSAM) | ||
n Registered investment advisers investing for accounts for which they receive asset-based fees | ||
n Qualified non-profit organizations, charitable trusts, foundations and endowments | ||
n Individual investors | $10,000,000 | |
n Accounts over which GSAM or its advisory affiliates have investment discretion | ||
n Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) for which GSAM or its advisory affiliates act as fiduciary | No minimum | |
The minimum investment requirement may be waived for current and former officers, partners, directors or employees of Goldman Sachs or any of its affiliates; brokerage or advisory clients of Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management and accounts for which Goldman Sachs Trust Company, N.A., or the Goldman Sachs Trust Company of Delaware acts in a fiduciary capacity (i.e., as agent or trustee); |
certain mutual fund “wrap” programs; and for other investors at the discretion of the Trust’s officers. No minimum amount is required for subsequent investments. | |
What Else Should I Know About Share Purchases? | |
The Trust reserves the right to: |
n | Refuse to open an account if you fail to (i) provide a Social Security Number or other taxpayer identification number; or (ii) certify that such number is correct (if required to do so under applicable law). | |
n | Modify or waive the minimum investment amounts. | |
n | Reject or restrict any purchase or exchange order by a particular purchaser (or group of related purchasers) for any reason in its discretion. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trust may reject or restrict purchase and exchange orders by a particular purchaser (or group of related purchasers) when a pattern of frequent purchases, sales or exchanges of Institutional Shares of the Fund is evident, or if purchases, sales or exchanges are, or a subsequent abrupt redemption might be, of a size that would disrupt the management of the Fund. | |
n | Close the Fund to new investors from time to time and reopen the Fund whenever it is deemed appropriate by the Fund’s Investment Adviser. |
Generally, the Fund will not allow non-U.S. citizens and certain U.S. citizens residing outside the United States to open an account directly with the Fund. | |
The Fund may allow you to purchase shares with securities instead of cash if consistent with the Fund’s investment policies and operations and if approved by the Fund’s Investment Adviser. | |
Customer Identification Program. Federal law requires the Fund to obtain, verify and record identifying information, which may include the name, residential or business street address, date of birth (for an individual), Social Security Number or taxpayer identification number or other identifying information, for each investor who opens an account with the Fund. Applications without the required information, which will be reviewed solely for customer identification purposes, may not be accepted by the Fund. After accepting an application, to the extent permitted by applicable law or their customer identification program, the Fund reserves the right to (i) place limits on transactions in any account until the identity of the investor is verified; (ii) refuse an investment in the Fund; or (iii) involuntarily redeem an investor’s shares and close an account in the event that the Fund is unable to verify an investor’s identity. The Fund and its agents will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account resulting from the investor’s delay in providing all required identifying information or from closing an account and redeeming an investor’s shares pursuant to the customer identification program. | |
How Are Shares Priced? | |
The price you pay when you buy Institutional Shares is the Fund’s next determined NAV for the share class. The price you receive when you sell or exchange | |
Institutional Shares is the Fund’s next determined NAV for the share class, with the redemption proceeds reduced by any applicable charge (e.g., redemption fees). The Fund calculates NAV as follows: |
NAV = | (Value of Assets of the Class) - (Liabilities of the Class) Number of Outstanding Shares of the Class |
The Fund’s investments are valued based on market quotations or if market quotations are not readily available, or if the Investment Adviser believes that such quotations do not accurately reflect fair value, the fair value of the Fund’s investments may be determined in good faith under procedures established by the Trustees. | |
For Funds that invest a significant portion of assets in foreign equity securities, “fair value” prices are provided by an independent fair value service in accordance with the fair value procedures approved by the Trustees. Fair value prices are used because many foreign markets operate at times that do not coincide with those of the major U.S. markets. Events that could affect the values of foreign portfolio holdings may occur between the close of the foreign market and the time of determining the NAV, and would not otherwise be reflected in the NAV. If the independent fair value service does not provide a fair value for a particular security or if the value does not meet the established criteria for the Fund, the most recent closing price for such a security on its principal exchange will generally be its fair value on such date. | |
In addition, the Investment Adviser, consistent with applicable regulatory guidance, may determine to make an adjustment to the previous closing prices of either domestic or foreign securities in light of significant events, to reflect what it believes to be the fair value of the securities at the time of determining the Fund’s NAV. Significant events that could affect a large number of securities in a particular market may include, but are not limited to: situations relating to one or more single issuers in a market sector; significant fluctuations in foreign markets; market disruptions or market closings; governmental actions or other developments; as well as the same or similar events which may affect specific issuers or the securities markets even though not tied directly to the securities markets. Other significant events that could relate to a single issuer may include, but are not limited to: corporate actions such as reorganizations, mergers and buy-outs; corporate announcements on earnings; significant litigation; and regulatory news such as governmental approvals. | |
One effect of using an independent fair value service and fair valuation may be to reduce stale pricing arbitrage opportunities presented by the pricing of Fund shares. However, it involves the risk that the values used by the Fund to price its investments may be different from those used by other investment companies and investors to price the same investments. |
Investments in other registered mutual funds (if any) are valued based on the NAV of those mutual funds (which may use fair value pricing as discussed in their prospectuses). |
n | NAV per share of each class is generally calculated by the accounting agent on each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. New York time) or such other time as the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ market may officially close. Fund shares will generally not be priced on any day the New York Stock Exchange is closed. | |
n | When you buy shares, you pay the NAV next calculated after the Fund receives your order in proper form. | |
n | When you sell shares, you receive the NAV next calculated after the Fund receives your order in proper form. Redemption proceeds are reduced by any applicable redemption fee. | |
n | The Trust reserves the right to reprocess purchase (including dividend reinvestments), redemption and exchange transactions that were processed at an NAV other than the Fund’s official closing NAV that is subsequently adjusted, and to recover amounts from (or distribute amounts to) shareholders accordingly based on the official closing NAV, as adjusted. | |
n | The Trust reserves the right to advance the time by which purchase and redemption orders must be received for same business day credit as otherwise permitted by the SEC. |
Consistent with industry practice, investment transactions not settling on the same day are recorded and factored into a Fund’s net asset value on the business day following trade date (T+1). The use of T+1 accounting generally does not, but may, result in a net asset value that differs materially from the net asset value that would result if all transactions were reflected on their trade dates. | |
Note: The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time by which orders must be received may be changed in case of an emergency or if regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange is stopped at a time other than 4:00 p.m. New York time. In the event the New York Stock Exchange does not open for business because of an emergency, the Trust may, but is not required to, open the Fund for purchase, redemption and exchange transactions if the Federal Reserve wire payment system is open. To learn whether the Fund is open for business during an emergency situation, please call 1-800-621-2550. | |
Foreign securities may trade in their local markets on days the Fund is closed. As a result, the NAV of a Fund that holds foreign securities may be impacted on days when investors may not purchase or redeem Fund shares. |
HOW TO SELL SHARES |
How Can I Sell Institutional Shares Of The Fund? | |
You may arrange to take money out of your account by selling (redeeming) some or all of your shares. Generally, the Fund will redeem its Institutional Shares upon request on any business day at their NAV next determined after receipt of such request in proper form, subject to any applicable redemption fee. You may request that redemption proceeds be sent to you by check or by wire (if the wire instructions are on record). Redemptions may be requested in writing or by telephone. |
Instructions For Redemptions: | ||
By Writing: | n Write a letter of instruction that includes: | |
n Name(s) and signature(s) | ||
n Account number | ||
n The Fund name and Class of Shares | ||
n The dollar amount you want to sell | ||
n How and where to send the proceeds | ||
n A Medallion signature guarantee may be required (see details below) | ||
n Mail your request to: Goldman Sachs Funds P.O. Box 06050 Chicago, IL 60606-6306 | ||
By Telephone: | If you have elected the telephone redemption privilege on your Account Application: | |
n 1-800-621-2550 (8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. New York time) | ||
Any redemption request that requires money to go to an account or address other than that designated in the current records of the Transfer Agent must be in writing and signed by an authorized person (a Medallion signature guarantee may be required). The written request may be confirmed by telephone with both the requesting party and the designated bank account to verify instructions. | |
Certain institutions and intermediaries are authorized to accept redemption requests on behalf of the Fund as described under “How Do I Purchase Shares Through A Financial Institution?” | |
When Do I Need A Medallion Signature Guarantee To Redeem Shares? | |
A Medallion signature guarantee may be required if: |
n | You would like the redemption proceeds sent to an address that is not your address of record; or | |
n | You would like to change your current bank designations. |
A Medallion signature guarantee must be obtained from a bank, brokerage firm or other financial intermediary that is a member of an approved Medallion Guarantee Program or that is otherwise approved by the Trust. A notary public cannot provide a Medallion signature guarantee. Additional documentation may be required. | |
What Do I Need To Know About Telephone Redemption Requests? | |
The Trust, the Distributor and the Transfer Agent will not be liable for any loss you may incur in the event that the Trust accepts unauthorized telephone redemption requests that the Trust reasonably believes to be genuine. In an effort to prevent unauthorized or fraudulent redemption and exchange requests by telephone, Goldman Sachs employs reasonable procedures specified by the Trust to confirm that such instructions are genuine. If reasonable procedures are not employed, the Trust may be liable for any loss due to unauthorized or fraudulent transactions. The following general policies are currently in effect: |
n | All telephone requests are recorded. | |
n | Any redemption request that requires money to go to an account or address other than that designated on the Account Application must be in writing and signed by an authorized person designated on the Account Application with a Medallion signature guarantee. The written request may be confirmed by telephone with both the requesting party and the designated bank account to verify instructions. | |
n | For the 30-day period following a change of address, telephone redemptions will generally be filled by a wire transfer to the bank account designated in the Account Application (see immediately preceding bullet point). For direct accounts to receive the redemption by check during this time period, a redemption request must be in the form of a written letter (a Medallion signature guarantee may be required). | |
n | The telephone redemption option may be modified or terminated at any time. |
Note: It may be difficult to make telephone redemptions in times of drastic economic or market conditions. | |
How Are Redemption Proceeds Paid? | |
By Wire: You may arrange for your redemption proceeds to be wired as federal funds to the domestic bank account designated in your Account Application. The following general policies govern wiring redemption proceeds: | |
n | Redemption proceeds will normally be wired on the next business day in federal funds (for a total of one business day delay), but may be paid up to three business days following receipt of a properly executed wire transfer redemption request. | |
n | Although redemption proceeds will normally be wired as described above, under certain circumstances, redemption requests or payments may be postponed or |
suspended as permitted pursuant to Section 22(e) of the Investment Company Act. Generally, under that section, redemption requests or payments may be postponed or suspended if (i) the New York Stock Exchange is closed for trading or trading is restricted; (ii) an emergency exists which makes the disposal of securities owned by the Fund or the fair determination of the value of the Fund’s net assets not reasonably practicable; or (iii) the SEC by order permits the suspension of the right of redemption. | ||
n | If you are selling shares you recently paid for by check, the Fund will pay you when your check has cleared, which may take up to 15 days. If the Federal Reserve Bank is closed on the day that the redemption proceeds would ordinarily be wired, wiring the redemption proceeds may be delayed one additional business day. | |
n | To change the bank designated on your Account Application, you must send written instructions (with your Medallion signature guarantee) to the Transfer Agent. | |
n | Neither the Trust, Goldman Sachs nor any other institution assumes any responsibility for the performance of your bank or any intermediaries in the transfer process. If a problem with such performance arises, you should deal directly with your bank or any such intermediaries. |
By Check: You may elect in writing to receive your redemption proceeds by check. Redemption proceeds paid by check will normally be mailed to the address of record within three business days of receipt of a properly executed redemption request. If you are selling shares you recently paid for by check, the Fund will pay you when your check has cleared, which may take up to 15 days. | |
What Do I Need To Know About The Redemption Fee? | |
The Fund will charge a 2% redemption fee on the redemption of shares (including by exchange) held for 30 calendar days or less. For this purpose, the Fund uses a first-in first-out (“FIFO”) method so that shares held longest will be treated as being redeemed first and shares held shortest will be treated as being redeemed last. The redemption fee will be paid to the Fund from which the redemption is made, and is intended to offset the trading costs, market impact and other costs associated with short-term money movements in and out of the Fund. The redemption fee may be collected by deduction from the redemption proceeds or, if assessed after the redemption transaction, through a separate billing. | |
The redemption fee does not apply to transactions involving the following: |
n | Redemptions of shares acquired by reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions. | |
n | Redemptions of shares that are acquired or redeemed in connection with the participation in a systematic withdrawal program or automatic investment plan. | |
n | Redemptions of shares by other Goldman Sachs Funds (e.g., Goldman Sachs Asset Allocation Portfolios). | |
n | Redemptions of shares held through discretionary wrap programs or models programs that utilize a regularly scheduled automatic rebalancing of assets and that have provided GSAM with certain representations regarding certain operating policies and standards. | |
n | Redemptions of shares involving transactions other than participant initiated exchanges from retirement plans and accounts maintained pursuant to Section 401 (tax-qualified pension, profit sharing, 401(k), money purchase and stock bonus plans), 403 (qualified annuity plans and tax-sheltered annuities) and 457 (deferred compensation plans for employees of tax-exempt entities or governments) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Redemptions involving transactions other than participant initiated exchanges would include, for example: loans; required minimum distributions; rollovers; forfeiture; redemptions of shares to pay fees; plan level redemptions or exchanges; redemptions pursuant to systematic withdrawal programs; return of excess contribution amounts; hardship withdrawals; redemptions related to death, disability or qualified domestic relations order; and certain other transactions. | |
n | Redemptions of shares from accounts of financial institutions in connection with hedging services provided in support of nonqualified deferred compensation plans offering the Goldman Sachs Funds. | |
n | Redemption of shares where the Fund is made available as an underlying investment in certain group annuity contracts. | |
n | Redemption of shares that are issued as part of an investment company reorganization to which a Goldman Sachs Fund is a party. | |
n | Redemptions of shares representing “seed capital” investments by Goldman Sachs or its affiliates. | |
The Trust reserves the right to modify or eliminate the redemption fee or waivers at any time and will give 60 days’ prior written notice of any material changes, unless otherwise provided by law. The redemption fee policy may be modified or amended in the future. | |
In addition to the circumstances noted above, the Trust reserves the right to grant additional exceptions based on such factors as system limitations, operational limitations, contractual limitations and further guidance from the SEC or other regulators. | |
If your shares are held through a financial intermediary in an omnibus or other group account, the Trust relies on the financial intermediary to assess the redemption fee on underlying shareholder accounts. The application of redemption fees and exceptions may vary and certain intermediaries may not apply the exceptions listed above. If you invest through a financial intermediary, please |
contact your intermediary for more information regarding when redemption fees will be applied to the redemption of your shares. | |
What Else Do I Need To Know About Redemptions? | |
The following generally applies to redemption requests: |
n | Additional documentation may be required when deemed appropriate by the Transfer Agent. A redemption request will not be in proper form until such additional documentation has been received. | |
n | Institutions (including banks, trust companies, brokers and investment advisers) are responsible for the timely transmittal of redemption requests by their customers to the Transfer Agent. In order to facilitate the timely transmittal of redemption requests, these institutions may set times by which they must receive redemption requests. These institutions may also require additional documentation from you. |
The Trust reserves the right to: |
n | Redeem your shares in the event an Institution’s relationship with Goldman Sachs is terminated and you do not transfer your account to another Institution with a relationship with Goldman Sachs. The Trust will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account or tax liability resulting from a redemption. | |
n | Subject to applicable law, redeem your shares in other circumstances determined by the Board of Trustees to be in the best interest of the Trust. | |
n | Pay redemptions by a distribution in-kind of securities (instead of cash). If you receive redemption proceeds in-kind, you should expect to incur transaction costs upon the disposition of those securities. | |
n | Reinvest any amounts (e.g., dividends, distributions, or redemption proceeds) which you have elected to receive by check should your check be returned to the Fund as undeliverable or remain uncashed for six months. This provision may not apply to certain retirement or qualified accounts or to a closed account. No interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed distribution or redemption checks. | |
Can I Exchange My Investment From One Fund To Another? | |
You may exchange Institutional Shares of the Fund at NAV for certain shares of another Goldman Sachs Fund. Redemption of shares (including by exchange) that are held for 30 calendar days or less (60 calendar days or less with respect to the Goldman Sachs High Yield Fund and High Yield Municipal Fund) may, however, be subject to a redemption fee as described above under “What Do I Need To | |
Know About The Redemption Fee?” The exchange privilege may be materially modified or withdrawn at any time upon 60 days’ written notice to you. |
Instructions For Exchanging Shares: | ||
By Writing: | n Write a letter of instruction that includes: | |
n Name(s) and signature(s) | ||
n Account number | ||
n The Fund names and Class of Shares | ||
n The dollar amount to be exchanged | ||
n Mail the request to: Goldman Sachs Funds P.O. Box 06050 Chicago, IL 60606-6306 | ||
By Telephone: | If you have elected the telephone exchange privilege on your Account Application: | |
n 1-800-621-2550 (8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. New York time) | ||
You should keep in mind the following factors when making or considering an exchange: |
n | You should obtain and carefully read the prospectus of the Fund you are acquiring before making an exchange. | |
n | All exchanges which represent an initial investment in a Fund must satisfy the minimum initial investment requirement of that Fund. Exchanges into a money market fund need not meet the traditional minimum initial investment requirement for that fund if the entire balance of the original Fund account is exchanged. | |
n | Normally, a telephone exchange will be made only to an identically registered account. | |
n | Exchanges are available only in states where exchanges may be legally made. | |
n | It may be difficult to make telephone exchanges in times of drastic economic or market conditions. | |
n | Goldman Sachs may use reasonable procedures described under “What Do I Need To Know About Telephone Redemption Requests?” in an effort to prevent unauthorized or fraudulent telephone exchange requests. | |
n | Exchanges into Goldman Sachs Funds that are closed to new investors may be restricted. | |
n | Exchanges into the Fund from another Goldman Sachs Fund may be subject to any redemption fee imposed by the other Goldman Sachs Fund. |
For federal income tax purposes, an exchange from one Goldman Sachs Fund to another is treated as a redemption of the shares surrendered in the exchange, on which you may be subject to tax, followed by a purchase of shares received in the |
exchange. You should consult your tax adviser concerning the tax consequences of an exchange. | |
What Types of Reports Will I Be Sent Regarding Investments In Institutional Shares? | |
You will be provided with a printed confirmation of each transaction in your account and a monthly statement. If your account is held in a “street name” you may receive your statements and confirmations on a different schedule. | |
You will also receive an annual shareholder report containing audited financial statements and a semi-annual shareholder report. If you have consented to the delivery of a single copy of shareholder reports, prospectuses and other information to all shareholders who share the same mailing address with your account, you may revoke your consent at any time by contacting Goldman Sachs Funds by phone at 1-800-621-2550 or by mail at Goldman Sachs Funds, P.O. Box 06050, Chicago, IL 60606-6306. The Fund will begin sending individual copies to you within 30 days after receipt of your revocation. | |
In addition, institutions and other financial intermediaries will be responsible for providing any communications from the Fund to its shareholders, including but not limited to prospectuses, prospectus supplements, proxy materials and notices regarding the sources of dividend payments pursuant to Section 19 of the Investment Company Act. | |
RESTRICTIONS ON EXCESSIVE TRADING PRACTICES |
Policies and Procedures on Excessive Trading Practices. In accordance with the policy adopted by the Board of Trustees, the Trust discourages frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares and does not permit market timing or other excessive trading practices. Purchases and exchanges should be made with a view to longer-term investment purposes only that are consistent with the investment policies and practices of the Fund. Excessive, short-term (market timing) trading practices may disrupt portfolio management strategies, increase brokerage and administrative costs, harm fund performance and result in dilution in the value of Fund shares held by longer-term shareholders. The Trust and Goldman Sachs reserve the right to reject or restrict purchase or exchange requests from any investor. The Trust and Goldman Sachs will not be liable for any loss resulting from rejected purchase or exchange orders. To minimize harm to the Trust and its shareholders (or Goldman Sachs), the Trust (or Goldman Sachs) will exercise this right if, in the Trust’s (or Goldman Sachs’) judgment, an investor has a history of excessive trading or if an investor’s trading, in the judgment of the Trust (or Goldman Sachs), has been or may be disruptive to the Fund. In making this judgment, trades executed in multiple accounts under common ownership or control may be considered together to the extent they |
can be identified. No waivers of the provisions of the policy established to detect and deter market timing and other excessive trading activity are permitted that would harm the Trust or its shareholders or would subordinate the interests of the Trust or its shareholders to those of Goldman Sachs or any affiliated person or associated person of Goldman Sachs. | |
To deter excessive shareholder trading, the Fund, certain other International Equity Funds and certain Fixed Income Funds (which are offered in separate prospectuses) impose a redemption fee on redemptions made within 30 calendar days of purchase (60 calendar days of purchase with respect to Goldman Sachs High Yield Fund and High Yield Municipal Fund) subject to certain exceptions. See “Shareholder Guide—How to Sell Shares—What Do I Need to Know About the Redemption Fee?” for more information about the redemption fee, including transactions and certain omnibus accounts to which the redemption fee does not apply. As a further deterrent to excessive trading, many foreign equity securities held by the Fund are priced by an independent pricing service using fair valuation. For more information on fair valuation, please see “Shareholder Guide—How to Buy Shares—How are Shares Priced?” | |
Pursuant to the policy adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust, Goldman Sachs has developed criteria that it uses to identify trading activity that may be excessive. Goldman Sachs reviews on a regular, periodic basis available information relating to the trading activity in the Fund in order to assess the likelihood that the Fund may be the target of excessive trading. As part of its excessive trading surveillance process, Goldman Sachs, on a periodic basis, examines transactions that exceed certain monetary thresholds or numerical limits within a period of time. Consistent with the standards described above, if, in its judgment, Goldman Sachs detects excessive, short term trading, Goldman Sachs may reject or restrict a purchase or exchange request and may further seek to close an investor’s account with the Fund. Goldman Sachs may modify its surveillance procedures and criteria from time to time without prior notice regarding the detection of excessive trading or to address specific circumstances. Goldman Sachs will apply the criteria in a manner that, in Goldman Sachs’ judgment, will be uniform. | |
Fund shares may be held through omnibus arrangements maintained by intermediaries such as broker-dealers, investment advisers, transfer agents, administrators and insurance companies. In addition, Fund shares may be held in omnibus 401(k) plans, Employee Benefit Plans and other group accounts. Omnibus accounts include multiple investors and such accounts typically provide the Fund with a net purchase or redemption request on any given day where the purchases and redemptions of Fund shares by the investors are netted against one another. The identity of individual investors whose purchase and redemption orders are aggregated are not known by the Fund. A number of these financial intermediaries | |
may not have the capability or may not be willing to apply the Fund’s market timing policies or any applicable redemption fee. While Goldman Sachs may monitor share turnover at the omnibus account level, the Fund’s ability to monitor and detect market timing by shareholders or apply any applicable redemption fee in these omnibus accounts is limited. The netting effect makes it more difficult to identify, locate and eliminate market timing activities. In addition, those investors who engage in market timing and other excessive trading activities may employ a variety of techniques to avoid detection. There can be no assurance that the Fund and Goldman Sachs will be able to identify all those who trade excessively or employ a market timing strategy, and curtail their trading in every instance. |
Taxation | |
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in the Fund will be taxed. The tax information below is provided as general information. More tax information is available in the Additional Statement. You should consult your tax adviser about the federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences of your investment in the Fund. | |
Unless your investment is through an IRA or other tax-advantaged account, you should consider the possible tax consequences of Fund distributions and the sale of your Fund shares. |
DISTRIBUTIONS |
The Fund contemplates declaring as dividends each year all or substantially all of its taxable income. Distributions you receive from the Fund are generally subject to federal income tax, and may also be subject to state or local taxes. This is true whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Fund shares or receive them in cash. For federal tax purposes, Fund distributions attributable to short-term capital gains and net investment income are generally taxable to you as ordinary income, while distributions attributable to long-term capital gains are taxable as long-term capital gains, no matter how long you have owned your Fund shares. | |
Under current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), the maximum long-term capital gain tax rate applicable to individuals, estates, and trusts is 15%. Also, Fund distributions to noncorporate shareholders attributable to dividends received by the Fund from U.S. and certain qualified foreign corporations will generally be taxed at the long-term capital gain rate, as long as certain other requirements are met. The amount of the Fund’s distributions that qualify for this favorable tax treatment may be reduced as a result of the Fund’s securities lending activities, by a high portfolio turnover rate or by investments in debt securities or “non-qualified” foreign corporations. For these lower rates to apply, the noncorporate shareholder must own Fund shares for at least 61 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the Fund’s ex-dividend rate. | |
A sunset provision provides that the 15% long-term capital gain rate and the taxation of dividends at the long-term capital gain rate will revert back to a prior version of these provisions in the Code for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010. |
Although distributions are generally treated as taxable to you in the year they are paid, distributions declared in October, November or December but paid in January are taxable as if they were paid in December. It is not anticipated that any significant percentage of the Fund’s dividends paid to corporate shareholders will be eligible for the corporate dividends-received deduction. Character and tax status of all distributions will be available to shareholders after the close of each calendar year. | |
The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding or other foreign taxes on income or gain from certain foreign securities. The Fund may make an election to treat a proportionate amount of those taxes as constituting a distribution to each shareholder, which would allow you either (i) to credit that proportionate amount of taxes against U.S. Federal income tax liability as a foreign tax credit or (ii) to take that amount as an itemized deduction. | |
If you buy shares of the Fund before it makes a distribution, the distribution will be taxable to you even though it may actually be a return of a portion of your investment. This is known as “buying into a dividend.” |
SALES AND EXCHANGES |
Your sale of Fund shares is a taxable transaction for federal income tax purposes, and may also be subject to state and local taxes. For tax purposes, the exchange of your Fund shares for shares of a different Goldman Sachs Fund is the same as a sale. When you sell your shares, you will generally recognize a capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between your adjusted tax basis in the shares and the amount received. Generally, this gain or loss is long-term or short-term depending on whether your holding period exceeds twelve months, except that any loss realized on shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends that were received on the shares. Additionally, any loss realized on a sale, exchange or redemption of shares of the Fund may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced with other shares of the Fund within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the shares are disposed of, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in shares of the Fund. If disallowed, the loss will be reflected in an adjustment to the basis of the shares acquired. |
OTHER INFORMATION |
When you open your account, you should provide your Social Security Number or tax identification number on your Account Application. By law, the Fund must withhold 28% of your taxable distributions and any redemption proceeds if you do not provide your correct taxpayer identification number, or certify that it is correct, or if the IRS instructs the Fund to do so. | |
Non-U.S. investors may be subject to U.S. withholding and estate tax. But, withholding is generally not required on properly designated distributions of long-term capital gains and of short-term capital gains and qualified interest income paid before August 31, 2008. Although this designation will be made for capital gain distributions, the Fund does not anticipate making any qualified interest income designations. Therefore, all distributions of interest income will be subject to withholding when paid to non-U.S. investors. More information about U.S. taxation of non-U.S. investors is included in the Additional Statement. | |
Appendix A Additional Information on Portfolio Risks, Securities and Techniques |
A. General Portfolio Risks |
The Fund will be subject to the risks associated with equity investments. “Equity investments” may include common stocks, preferred stocks, interests in real estate investment trusts, convertible debt obligations, convertible preferred stocks, equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures, limited liability companies and similar enterprises, warrants, stock purchase rights and synthetic and derivative instruments (such as swaps and futures contracts) that have economic characteristics similar to equity securities. In general, the values of equity investments fluctuate in response to the activities of individual companies and in response to general market and economic conditions. Accordingly, the values of the equity investments that the Fund holds may decline over short or extended periods. The stock markets tend to be cyclical, with periods when stock prices generally rise and periods when prices generally decline. This volatility means that the value of your investment in the Fund may increase or decrease. In recent years, certain stock markets have experienced substantial price volatility. | |
To the extent that the Fund invests in fixed-income securities, the Fund will also be subject to the risks associated with its fixed-income securities. These risks include interest rate risk, credit risk and call/extension risk. In general, interest rate risk involves the risk that when interest rates decline, the market value of fixed-income securities tends to increase (although many mortgage-related securities will have less potential than other debt securities for capital appreciation during periods of declining rates). Conversely, when interest rates increase, the market value of fixed-income securities tends to decline. Credit risk involves the risk that an issuer or guarantor could default on its obligations, and the Fund will not recover its investment. Call risk and extension risk are normally present in mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. For example, homeowners have the option to prepay their mortgages. Therefore, the duration of a security backed by home mortgages can either shorten (call risk) or lengthen (extension risk). In general, if interest rates on new mortgage loans fall sufficiently below the interest rates on existing outstanding mortgage loans, the rate of prepayment would be expected to increase. Conversely, if mortgage loan interest rates rise above the interest rates on existing outstanding mortgage loans, the rate of prepayment would be expected to decrease. In either case, a change in the prepayment rate can result in losses to |
investors. The same would be true of asset-backed securities such as securities backed by car loans. | |
The Investment Adviser will not consider the portfolio turnover rate a limiting factor in making investment decisions for the Fund. A high rate of portfolio turnover (100% or more) involves correspondingly greater expenses which must be borne by the Fund and its shareholders, and is also likely to result in higher short-term capital gains taxable to shareholders. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of the dollar amount of sales or purchases of portfolio securities by the average monthly value of the Fund’s portfolio securities, excluding securities having a maturity at the date of purchase of one year or less. See “Predecessor Fund Financial Highlights” in Appendix B for a statement of the Predecessor Fund’s historical portfolio turnover rates. | |
The following sections provide further information on certain types of securities and investment techniques that may be used by the Fund, including their associated risks. Additional information is provided in the Additional Statement, which is available upon request. Among other things, the Additional Statement describes certain fundamental investment restrictions that cannot be changed without shareholder approval. You should note, however, that all investment objectives and all investment policies not specifically designated as fundamental are non-fundamental, and may be changed without shareholder approval. If there is a change in the Fund’s investment objective, you should consider whether the Fund remains an appropriate investment in light of your then current financial position and needs. |
B. Other Portfolio Risks |
Risks of Investing in Small Capitalization and Mid-Capitalization Companies. The Fund may, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, invest in small and mid-capitalization companies. Investments in small and mid-capitalization companies involve greater risk and portfolio price volatility than investments in larger capitalization stocks. Among the reasons for the greater price volatility of these investments are the less certain growth prospects of smaller firms and the lower degree of liquidity in the markets for such securities. Small and mid-capitalization companies may be thinly traded and may have to be sold at a discount from current market prices or in small lots over an extended period of time. In addition, these securities are subject to the risk that during certain periods the liquidity of particular issuers or industries, or all securities in particular investment categories, will shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse economic or market conditions, or adverse investor perceptions whether or not accurate. Because of the lack of sufficient market liquidity, the |
Fund may incur losses because it will be required to effect sales at a disadvantageous time and only then at a substantial drop in price. Small and mid-capitalization companies include “unseasoned” issuers that do not have an established financial history; often have limited product lines, markets or financial resources; may depend on or use a few key personnel for management; and may be susceptible to losses and risks of bankruptcy. Small and mid-capitalization companies may be operating at a loss or have significant variations in operating results; may be engaged in a rapidly changing business with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence; may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, to finance expansion or to maintain their competitive position; and may have substantial borrowings or may otherwise have a weak financial condition. In addition, these companies may face intense competition, including competition from companies with greater financial resources, more extensive development, manufacturing, marketing, and other capabilities, and a larger number of qualified managerial and technical personnel. Transaction costs for these investments are often higher than those of larger capitalization companies. Investments in small and mid-capitalization companies may be more difficult to price precisely than other types of securities because of their characteristics and lower trading volumes. | |
Risks of Foreign Investments. The Fund may make foreign investments. Foreign investments involve special risks that are not typically associated with U.S. dollar denominated or quoted securities of U.S. issuers. Foreign investments may be affected by changes in currency rates, changes in foreign or U.S. laws or restrictions applicable to such investments and changes in exchange control regulations (e.g., currency blockage). A decline in the exchange rate of the currency (i.e., weakening of the currency against the U.S. dollar) in which a portfolio security is quoted or denominated relative to the U.S. dollar would reduce the value of the portfolio security. In addition, if the currency in which the Fund receives dividends, interest or other payments declines in value against the U.S. dollar before such income is distributed as dividends to shareholders or converted to U.S. dollars, the Fund may have to sell portfolio securities to obtain sufficient cash to pay such dividends. | |
Brokerage commissions, custodial services and other costs relating to investment in international securities markets generally are more expensive than in the United States. In addition, clearance and settlement procedures may be different in foreign countries and, in certain markets, such procedures have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, thus making it difficult to conduct such transactions. | |
Foreign issuers are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to U.S. issuers. There |
may be less publicly available information about a foreign issuer than about a U.S. issuer. In addition, there is generally less government regulation of foreign markets, companies and securities dealers than in the United States, and the legal remedies for investors may be more limited than the remedies available in the United States. Foreign securities markets may have substantially less volume than U.S. securities markets and securities of many foreign issuers are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Furthermore, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is a possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, imposition of withholding or other taxes on dividend or interest payments (or, in some cases, capital gains distributions), limitations on the removal of funds or other assets from such countries, and risks of political or social instability or diplomatic developments which could adversely affect investments in those countries. | |
Concentration of the Fund’s assets in one or a few countries and currencies will subject the Fund to greater risks than if a Fund’s assets were not geographically concentrated. | |
Investment in sovereign debt obligations by the Fund involves risks not present in debt obligations of corporate issuers. The issuer of the debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt, and the Fund may have limited recourse to compel payment in the event of a default. Periods of economic uncertainty may result in the volatility of market prices of sovereign debt, and in turn the Fund’s NAV, to a greater extent than the volatility inherent in debt obligations of U.S. issuers. | |
A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward international lenders, and the political constraints to which a sovereign debtor may be subject. | |
Investments in foreign securities may take the form of sponsored and unsponsored American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) or other similar instruments representing securities of foreign issuers. ADRs, GDRs and EDRs represent the right to receive securities of foreign issuers deposited in a bank or other depository. ADRs and certain GDRs are traded in the United States. GDRs may be traded in either the United States or in foreign markets. EDRs are traded primarily outside the United States. Prices of ADRs are quoted in U.S. dollars. EDRs and GDRs are not necessarily quoted in the same currency as the underlying security. |
Risks of Euro. On January 1, 1999, the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) introduced a new single currency called the euro. The euro has replaced the national currencies of the following member countries: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain. In addition, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland and Slovakia became members of the EMU on May 1, 2004 and Bulgaria and Romania became members of the EMU on January 1, 2007, but these countries will not adopt the euro as their new currency until they can show that their economies have converged with the economies of the euro zone. | |
The European Central Bank has control over each country’s monetary policies. Therefore, the member countries no longer control their own monetary policies by directing independent interest rates for their currencies. The national governments of the participating countries, however, have retained the authority to set tax and spending policies and public debt levels. | |
The change to the euro as a single currency is relatively new and untested. The elimination of currency risk among EMU countries has affected the economic environment and behavior of investors, particularly in European markets, but the long-term impact of those changes on currency values or on the business or financial condition of European countries and issuers cannot be fully assessed at this time. In addition, the introduction of the euro presents other unique uncertainties, including the fluctuation of the euro relative to non-euro currencies; whether the interest rate, tax and labor regimes of European countries participating in the euro will converge over time; and whether the conversion of the currencies of other countries that now are or may in the future become members of the European Union (“EU”) will have an impact on the euro. Also, it is possible that the euro could be abandoned in the future by countries that have already adopted its use. In May and June 2005, voters in France and the Netherlands rejected ratification of the EU Constitution causing some other countries to postpone moves toward ratification. These or other events, including political and economic developments, could cause market disruptions, and could adversely affect the value of securities held by the Fund. Because of the number of countries using this single currency, a significant portion of the assets held by the Fund may be denominated in the euro. | |
Risks of Emerging Countries. The Fund may invest in securities of issuers located in emerging countries. The risks of foreign investment are heightened when the issuer is located in an emerging country. Emerging countries are generally located in the Asia and Pacific regions, Eastern Europe, Latin and South America and Africa. The Fund’s purchase and sale of portfolio securities in certain emerging |
countries may be constrained by limitations relating to daily changes in the prices of listed securities, periodic trading or settlement volume and/or limitations on aggregate holdings of foreign investors. Such limitations may be computed based on the aggregate trading volume by or holdings of the Fund, the Investment Adviser, its affiliates and their respective clients and other service providers. The Fund may not be able to sell securities in circumstances where price, trading or settlement volume limitations have been reached. | |
Foreign investment in the securities markets of certain emerging countries is restricted or controlled to varying degrees which may limit investment in such countries or increase the administrative costs of such investments. For example, certain Asian countries require governmental approval prior to investments by foreign persons or limit investment by foreign persons to only a specified percentage of an issuer’s outstanding securities or a specific class of securities which may have less advantageous terms (including price) than securities of the issuer available for purchase by nationals. In addition, certain countries may restrict or prohibit investment opportunities in issuers or industries deemed important to national interests. Such restrictions may affect the market price, liquidity and rights of securities that may be purchased by the Fund. The repatriation of both investment income and capital from certain emerging countries is subject to restrictions such as the need for governmental consents. In situations where a country restricts direct investment in securities (which may occur in certain Asian and other countries), the Fund may invest in such countries through other investment funds in such countries. | |
Many emerging countries have experienced currency devaluations and substantial (and, in some cases, extremely high) rates of inflation. Other emerging countries have experienced economic recessions. These circumstances have had a negative effect on the economies and securities markets of such emerging countries. Economies in emerging countries generally are dependent heavily upon commodity prices and international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be affected adversely by the economies of their trading partners, trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. | |
Many emerging countries are subject to a substantial degree of economic, political and social instability. Governments of some emerging countries are authoritarian in nature or have been installed or removed as a result of military coups, while governments in other emerging countries have periodically used force to suppress civil dissent. Disparities of wealth, the pace and success of democratization, and ethnic, religious and racial disaffection, among other factors, have also led to social unrest, violence and/or labor unrest in some emerging countries. Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment |
losses. Investing in emerging countries involves greater risk of loss due to expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets and property or the imposition of restrictions on foreign investments and on repatriation of capital invested. As an example, in the past some Eastern European governments have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and many claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that similar expropriations will not recur in Eastern European or other countries. | |
The Fund’s investment in emerging countries may also be subject to withholding or other taxes, which may be significant and may reduce the return from an investment in such countries to the Fund. | |
Settlement procedures in emerging countries are frequently less developed and reliable than those in the United States and may involve the Fund’s delivery of securities before receipt of payment for their sale. In addition, significant delays may occur in certain markets in registering the transfer of securities. Settlement or registration problems may make it more difficult for the Fund to value its portfolio securities and could cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities, to have a portion of its assets uninvested or to incur losses due to the failure of a counterparty to pay for securities the Fund has delivered or the Fund’s inability to complete its contractual obligations because of theft or other reasons. | |
The creditworthiness of the local securities firms used by the Fund in emerging countries may not be as sound as the creditworthiness of firms used in more developed countries. As a result, the Fund may be subject to a greater risk of loss if a securities firm defaults in the performance of its responsibilities. | |
The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain emerging countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may make the Fund’s investments in such countries less liquid and more volatile than investments in countries with more developed securities markets (such as the United States, Japan and most Western European countries). The Fund’s investments in emerging countries are subject to the risk that the liquidity of a particular investment, or investments generally, in such countries will shrink or disappear suddenly and without warning as a result of adverse economic, market or political conditions or adverse investor perceptions, whether or not accurate. Because of the lack of sufficient market liquidity, the Fund may incur losses because it will be required to effect sales at a disadvantageous time and only then at a substantial drop in price. Investments in emerging countries may be more difficult to price precisely because of the characteristics discussed above and lower trading volumes. |
The Fund’s use of foreign currency management techniques in emerging countries may be limited. The Investment Adviser anticipates that a significant portion of the Fund’s currency exposure in emerging countries may not be covered by these techniques. | |
Risk of Equity Swap Transactions. Equity swaps are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors. In a standard “swap” transaction, the parties agree to pay or exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined asset (or group of assets) which may be adjusted for transaction costs, interest payments, dividends paid on the reference asset or other factors. The gross returns to be paid or “swapped” between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” for example, the increase or decrease in value of a particular dollar amount invested in the asset. | |
Equity swaps may be structured in different ways. For example, when the Fund takes a long position, a counterparty may agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the equity swap would have increased in value had it been invested in a particular stock (or group of stocks), plus the dividends that would have been received on the stock. In these cases, the Fund may agree to pay to the counterparty interest on the notional amount of the equity swap plus the amount, if any, by which that notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stock. Therefore, in this case the return to the Fund on the equity swap should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stock less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount. In other cases, when the Fund takes a short position, a counterparty may agree to pay the Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the equity swap would have decreased in value had the Fund sold a particular stock (or group of stocks) short, less the dividend expense that the Fund would have paid on the stock, as adjusted for interest payments or other economic factors. | |
Under an equity swap, payments may be made at the conclusion of the equity swap or periodically during its term. Sometimes, however, the Investment Adviser may be able to terminate a swap contract prior to its term, subject to any potential termination fee that is in addition to the Fund’s accrued obligations under the swap. Equity swaps will be made in the over-the-counter market and will be entered into with a counterparty that typically will be an investment banking firm, broker-dealer or bank. | |
Equity swaps are derivatives and their value can be very volatile. To the extent that the Investment Adviser does not accurately analyze and predict future market trends, the values of assets or economic factors, the Fund may suffer a loss, which may be substantial. | |
Risks of Derivative Investments. The Fund’s transactions, if any, in options, futures, options on futures, swaps, interest rate caps, floors and collars, structured securities and foreign currency transactions involve additional risk of loss. Loss can result from a lack of correlation between changes in the value of derivative instruments and the portfolio assets (if any) being hedged, the potential illiquidity of the markets for derivative instruments, the failure of the counterparty to perform its contractual obligations, or the risks arising from margin requirements and related leverage factors associated with such transactions. The use of these management techniques also involves the risk of loss if the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of fluctuations in securities prices, interest rates, currency prices or credit events. The Fund may also invest in derivative investments for non-hedging purposes (that is, to seek to increase total return). Investing for non-hedging purposes is considered a speculative practice and presents even greater risk of loss. | |
Risks of Illiquid Securities. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities which cannot be disposed of in seven days in the ordinary course of business at fair value. Illiquid securities include: |
n | Both domestic and foreign securities that are not readily marketable | |
n | Certain stripped mortgage-backed securities | |
n | Repurchase agreements and time deposits with a notice or demand period of more than seven days | |
n | Certain over-the-counter options | |
n | Certain structured securities and swap transactions | |
n | Certain restricted securities, unless it is determined, based upon a review of the trading markets for a specific restricted security, that such restricted security is liquid because it is so-called “4(2) commercial paper” or is otherwise eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (“144A Securities”). |
Investing in 144A Securities may decrease the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing these restricted securities. The purchase price and subsequent valuation of restricted and illiquid securities normally reflect a discount, which may be significant, from the market price of comparable securities for which a liquid market exists. | |
Credit/Default Risks. Debt securities purchased by the Fund may include securities (including zero coupon bonds) issued by the U.S. government (and its agencies, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises), foreign governments, domestic and foreign corporations, banks and other issuers. Some of these fixed-income securities are described in the next section below. Further information is provided in the Additional Statement. |
Debt securities rated BBB or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Group (“Standard & Poor’s”), Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or having a comparable rating by another NRSRO are considered “investment grade.” Securities rated BBB or Baa are considered medium-grade obligations with speculative characteristics, and adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances may weaken their issuers’ capacity to pay interest and repay principal. A security will be deemed to have met a rating requirement if it receives the minimum required rating from at least one such rating organization even though it has been rated below the minimum rating by one or more other rating organizations, or if unrated by such rating organizations, the security is determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable credit quality. A security satisfies a Fund’s minimum rating requirement regardless of its relative ranking (for example, plus or minus) within a designated major rating category (for example, BBB or Baa). If a security satisfies the Fund’s minimum rating requirement at the time of purchase and is subsequently downgraded below that rating, the Fund will not be required to dispose of the security. If a downgrade occurs, the Investment Adviser will consider what action, including the sale of the security, is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders. | |
The Fund may invest in fixed-income securities rated BB or Ba or below (or comparable unrated securities) which are commonly referred to as “junk bonds.” Junk bonds are considered predominantly speculative and may be questionable as to principal and interest payments. | |
In some cases, junk bonds may be highly speculative, have poor prospects for reaching investment grade standing and be in default. As a result, investment in such bonds will present greater speculative risks than those associated with investment in investment grade bonds. Also, to the extent that the rating assigned to a security in the Fund’s portfolio is downgraded by a rating organization, the market price and liquidity of such security may be adversely affected. |
Risks of Initial Public Offerings. The Fund may invest in IPOs. An IPO is a company’s first offering of stock to the public. IPO risk is the risk that the market value of IPO shares will fluctuate considerably due to factors such as the absence of a prior public market, unseasoned trading, the small number of shares available for trading and limited information about the issuer. The purchase of IPO shares may involve high transaction costs. IPO shares are subject to market risk and liquidity risk. When the Fund’s asset base is small, a significant portion of the Fund’s performance could be attributable to investments in IPOs, because such investments would have a magnified impact on the Fund. As the Fund’s assets grow, the effect of the Fund’s investments in IPOs on the Fund’s performance probably will decline, which could reduce the Fund’s performance. Because of the price volatility of IPO shares, the Fund may choose to hold IPO shares for a very short period of time. This may increase the turnover of the Fund’s portfolio and may lead to increased expenses to the Fund, such as commissions and transaction costs. By selling IPO shares, the Fund may realize taxable gains it will subsequently distribute to shareholders. In addition, the market for IPO shares can be speculative and/or inactive for extended periods of time. There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to obtain allocable portions of IPO shares. The limited number of shares available for trading in some IPOs may make it more difficult for the Fund to buy or sell significant amounts of shares without an unfavorable impact on prevailing prices. Investors in IPO shares can be affected by substantial dilution in the value of their shares, by sales of additional shares and by concentration of control in existing management and principal shareholders. | |
Temporary Investment Risks. The Fund may, for temporary defensive purposes, invest a certain percentage of its total assets in: |
n | U.S. government securities | |
n | Commercial paper rated at least A-2 by Standard & Poor’s, P-2 by Moody’s or having a comparable rating by another NRSRO | |
n | Certificates of deposit | |
n | Bankers’ acceptances | |
n | Repurchase agreements | |
n | Non-convertible preferred stocks and non-convertible corporate bonds with a remaining maturity of less than one year |
When the Fund’s assets are invested in such instruments, the Fund may not be achieving its investment objective. |
C. Portfolio Securities and Techniques |
This section provides further information on certain types of securities and investment techniques that may be used by the Fund, including their associated risks. | |
The Fund may purchase other types of securities or instruments similar to those described in this section if otherwise consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. Further information is provided in the Additional Statement, which is available upon request. | |
Convertible Securities. The Fund may invest in convertible securities. Convertible securities are preferred stock or debt obligations that are convertible into common stock. Convertible securities generally offer lower interest or dividend yields than non-convertible securities of similar quality. Convertible securities in which the Fund invests are subject to the same rating criteria as its other investments in fixed-income securities. Convertible securities have both equity and fixed-income risk characteristics. Like all fixed-income securities, the value of convertible securities is susceptible to the risk of market losses attributable to changes in interest rates. Generally, the market value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates increase and, conversely, to increase as interest rates decline. However, when the market price of the common stock underlying a convertible security exceeds the conversion price of the convertible security, the convertible security tends to reflect the market price of the underlying common stock. As the market price of the underlying common stock declines, the convertible security, like a fixed-income security, tends to trade increasingly on a yield basis, and thus may not decline in price to the same extent as the underlying common stock. | |
Foreign Currency Transactions. The Fund may, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, purchase or sell foreign currencies on a cash basis or through forward contracts. A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. The Fund may engage in foreign currency transactions for hedging purposes and to seek to protect against anticipated changes in future foreign currency exchange rates. In addition, the Fund may enter into foreign currency transactions to seek a closer correlation between the Fund’s overall currency exposures and the currency exposures of the Fund’s performance benchmark. The Fund may also enter into such transactions to seek to increase total return, which is considered a speculative practice. | |
The Fund may also engage in cross-hedging by using forward contracts in a currency different from that in which the hedged security is denominated or quoted. The Fund may hold foreign currency received in connection with investments in foreign securities when, in the judgment of the Investment Adviser, |
it would be beneficial to convert such currency into U.S. dollars at a later date (e.g., the Investment Adviser may anticipate the foreign currency to appreciate against the U.S. dollar). | |
Currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time, causing, along with other factors, the Fund’s NAV to fluctuate (when the Fund’s NAV fluctuates, the value of your shares may go up or down). Currency exchange rates also can be affected unpredictably by the intervention of U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. | |
The market in forward foreign currency exchange contracts, currency swaps and other privately negotiated currency instruments offers less protection against defaults by the other party to such instruments than is available for currency instruments traded on an exchange. Such contracts are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the contract will default on its obligations. Since these contracts are not guaranteed by an exchange or clearinghouse, a default on a contract would deprive the Fund of unrealized profits, transaction costs or the benefits of a currency hedge or could force the Fund to cover its purchase or sale commitments, if any, at the current market price. | |
Structured Securities. The Fund may invest in structured securities. Structured securities are securities whose value is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, interest rates, commodities, indices or other financial indicators (the “Reference”) or the relative change in two or more References. | |
The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rates or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of changes in the value of the Reference. Consequently, structured securities may present a greater degree of market risk than many types of securities and may be more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities. | |
REITs. The Fund may invest in REITs. REITs are pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in either real estate or real estate related loans. The value of a REIT is affected by changes in the value of the properties owned by the REIT or securing mortgage loans held by the REIT. REITs are dependent upon the ability of the REITs’ managers, and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and the qualification of the REITs under applicable regulatory requirements for favorable income tax treatment. REITs are also subject to risks |
generally associated with investments in real estate including possible declines in the value of real estate, general and local economic conditions, environmental problems and changes in interest rates. To the extent that assets underlying a REIT are concentrated geographically, by property type or in certain other respects, these risks may be heightened. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses, including management fees, paid by a REIT in which it invests. | |
Options on Securities, Securities Indices and Foreign Currencies. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and the writer (seller) of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying instrument during the option period. A call option gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer (seller) of the option the obligation to sell, the underlying instrument during the option period. The Fund may write (sell) covered call and put options and purchase put and call options on any securities in which the Fund may invest or on any securities index consisting of securities in which it may invest. The Fund may also, to the extent consistent with its investment policies, purchase and sell (write) put and call options on foreign currencies. | |
The writing and purchase of options is a highly specialized activity which involves special investment risks. Options may be used for either hedging or cross-hedging purposes, or to seek to increase total return (which is considered a speculative activity). The successful use of options depends in part on the ability of the Investment Adviser to manage future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the options and securities (or currency) markets. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its expectation of changes in market prices or determination of the correlation between the instruments or indices on which options are written and purchased and the instruments in the Fund’s investment portfolio, the Fund may incur losses that it would not otherwise incur. The use of options can also increase the Fund’s transaction costs. Options written or purchased by the Fund may be traded on either U.S. or foreign exchanges or over-the-counter. Foreign and over-the-counter options will present greater possibility of loss because of their greater illiquidity and credit risks. | |
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. Futures contracts are standardized, exchange-traded contracts that provide for the sale or purchase of a specified financial instrument or currency at a future time at a specified price. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right (and the writer of the option the obligation) to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price within a specified period of time. A futures contract may be based on particular securities, foreign currencies, securities indices and other financial instruments and indices. The Fund may engage in futures transactions on both U.S. and foreign exchanges. |
The Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts, and purchase and write call and put options on futures contracts, in order to seek to increase total return or to hedge against changes in interest rates, securities prices or, to the extent the Fund invests in foreign securities, currency exchange rates, or to otherwise manage its term structure, sector selection and duration in accordance with its investment objective and policies. The Fund may also enter into closing purchase and sale transactions with respect to such contracts and options. The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act, and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under that Act with respect to the Fund. | |
Futures contracts and related options present the following risks: |
n | While the Fund may benefit from the use of futures and options on futures, unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance than if the Fund had not entered into any futures contracts or options transactions. | |
n | Because perfect correlation between a futures position and a portfolio position that is intended to be protected is impossible to achieve, the desired protection may not be obtained and the Fund may be exposed to additional risk of loss. | |
n | The loss incurred by the Fund in entering into futures contracts and in writing call options on futures is potentially unlimited and may exceed the amount of the premium received. | |
n | Futures markets are highly volatile and the use of futures may increase the volatility of the Fund’s NAV. | |
n | As a result of the low margin deposits normally required in futures trading, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the Fund. | |
n | Futures contracts and options on futures may be illiquid, and exchanges may limit fluctuations in futures contract prices during a single day. | |
n | Foreign exchanges may not provide the same protection as U.S. exchanges. |
As an investment company registered with the SEC, the Fund must “set aside” (often referred to as “asset segregation”) liquid assets, or engage in other SEC- or staff-approved measures to “cover” open positions with respect to its transactions in futures contracts. In the case of futures contracts that do not cash settle, for example, the Fund must set aside liquid assets equal to the full notional value of the futures contracts while the positions are open. With respect to futures contracts that do cash settle, however, the Fund is permitted to set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Fund’s daily marked-to-market net obligations (i.e. the Fund’s daily net liability) under the futures contracts, if any, rather than their full notional value. The Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future to comply with any changes in the positions from time to time articulated by |
the SEC or its staff regarding asset segregation. By setting aside assets equal to only its net obligations under cash-settled futures contracts, the Fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the Fund were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional amount of the futures contracts. | |
Equity Swaps. The Fund may invest in equity swaps. Equity swaps allow the parties to a swap agreement to exchange the dividend income or other components of return on an equity investment (for example, a group of equity securities or an index) for a component of return on another non-equity or equity investment. | |
An equity swap may be used by the Fund to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of securities in circumstances in which direct investment may be restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise deemed impractical or disadvantageous. Equity swaps are derivatives and their value can be very volatile. To the extent that the Investment Adviser does not accurately analyze and predict the potential relative fluctuation of the components swapped with another party, the Fund may suffer a loss, which may be substantial. The value of some components of an equity swap (such as the dividends on a common stock) may also be sensitive to changes in interest rates. Furthermore, the Fund may suffer a loss if the counterparty defaults. Because equity swaps are normally illiquid, the Fund may be unable to terminate its obligations when desired. | |
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments. The Fund may purchase when-issued securities and make contracts to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond customary settlement time. When-issued securities are securities that have been authorized, but not yet issued. When-issued securities are purchased in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price or yield to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. A forward commitment involves the entering into a contract to purchase or sell securities for a fixed price at a future date beyond the customary settlement period. | |
The purchase of securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis involves a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines before the settlement date. Conversely, the sale of securities on a forward commitment basis involves the risk that the value of the securities sold may increase before the settlement date. Although the Fund will generally purchase securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis with the intention of acquiring the securities for its portfolio, the Fund may dispose of when-issued securities or forward commitments prior to settlement if the Investment Adviser deems it appropriate. | |
Repurchase Agreements. Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of securities subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with securities dealers |
and banks which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to the amount of their repurchase obligation. | |
If the other party or “seller” defaults, the Fund might suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities and other collateral held by the Fund are less than the repurchase price and the Fund’s costs associated with delay and enforcement of the repurchase agreement. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy of the seller, the Fund could suffer additional losses if a court determines that the Fund’s interest in the collateral is not enforceable. | |
The Fund, together with other registered investment companies having advisory agreements with the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates, may transfer uninvested cash balances into a single joint account, the daily aggregate balance of which will be invested in one or more repurchase agreements. | |
Lending of Portfolio Securities. The Fund may engage in securities lending. Securities lending involves the lending of securities owned by the Fund to financial institutions such as certain broker-dealers including, as permitted by the SEC, Goldman Sachs. The borrowers are required to secure their loans continuously with cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or letters of credit in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities loaned. Cash collateral may be invested by the Fund in short-term investments, including unregistered investment pools managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates and from which the Investment Adviser or its affiliates may receive fees. To the extent that cash collateral is so invested, such collateral will be subject to market depreciation or appreciation, and the Fund will be responsible for any loss that might result from its investment of the borrowers’ collateral. If the Investment Adviser determines to make securities loans, the value of the securities loaned may not exceed 33 1/3% of the value of the total assets of the Fund (including the loan collateral). Loan collateral (including any investment of the collateral) is not subject to the percentage limitations described elsewhere in this Prospectus regarding investments in fixed-income securities and cash equivalents. | |
The Fund may lend its securities to increase its income. The Fund may, however, experience delay in the recovery of its securities or incur a loss if the institution with which it has engaged in a portfolio loan transaction breaches its agreement with the Fund or becomes insolvent. | |
Short Sales Against-the-Box. The Fund may make short sales against-the-box. A short sale against-the-box means that at all times when a short position is open the Fund will own an equal amount of securities sold short, or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, without payment of any further consideration, an equal amount of the securities of the same issuer as the securities sold short. |
Preferred Stock, Warrants and Rights. The Fund may invest in preferred stock, warrants and rights. Preferred stocks are securities that represent an ownership interest providing the holder with claims on the issuer’s earnings and assets before common stock owners but after bond owners. Unlike debt securities, the obligations of an issuer of preferred stock, including dividend and other payment obligations, may not typically be accelerated by the holders of such preferred stock on the occurrence of an event of default or other non-compliance by the issuer of the preferred stock. | |
Warrants and other rights are options to buy a stated number of shares of common stock at a specified price at any time during the life of the warrant or right. The holders of warrants and rights have no voting rights, receive no dividends and have no rights with respect to the assets of the issuer. | |
Other Investment Companies. The Fund may invest in securities of other investment companies (including exchange-traded funds such as SPDRs and iSharesSM, as defined below) subject to statutory limitations prescribed by the Investment Company Act. These limitations include in certain circumstances a prohibition on the Fund acquiring more than 3% of the voting shares of any other investment company, and a prohibition on investing more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets in securities of any one investment company or more than 10% of its total assets in securities of all investment companies. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and other expenses paid by such other investment companies. Although the Fund does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future, the Fund is authorized to invest substantially all of its assets in a single open-end investment company or series thereof that has substantially the same investment objective, policies and fundamental restrictions as the Fund. Pursuant to an exemptive order obtained from the SEC, other investment companies in which a Fund may invest include money market funds which the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates serves as investment adviser, administrator or distributor. | |
Exchange-traded funds such as SPDRs and iSharesSM are shares of unaffiliated investment companies which are traded like traditional equity securities on a national securities exchange or the NASDAQ® National Market System. |
n | Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipts™. The Fund may, consistent with its investment policies, purchase Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipts™ (“SPDRs”). SPDRs are securities traded on an exchange that represent ownership in the SPDR Trust, a trust which has been established to accumulate and hold a portfolio of common stocks that is intended to track the price performance and dividend yield of the S&P 500®. SPDRs may be used for several reasons, including, but not limited to, facilitating the handling of cash |
flows or trading, or reducing transaction costs. The price movement of SPDRs may not perfectly parallel the price action of the S&P 500®. | ||
n | iSharesSM. iShares are shares of an investment company that invests substantially all of its assets in securities included in specified indices, including the MSCI indices for various countries and regions. iShares are listed on an exchange and were initially offered to the public in 1996. The market prices of iShares are expected to fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the NAVs of their underlying indices and supply and demand of iShares on an exchange. However, iShares have a limited operating history and information is lacking regarding the actual performance and trading liquidity of iShares for extended periods or over complete market cycles. In addition, there is no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of iShares will continue to be met or will remain unchanged. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting iShares occur in the future, the liquidity and value of the Fund’s shares could also be substantially and adversely affected. If such disruptions were to occur, the Fund could be required to reconsider the use of iShares as part of its investment strategy. |
Unseasoned Companies. The Fund may invest in companies which (together with their predecessors) have operated less than three years. The securities of such companies may have limited liquidity, which can result in their being priced higher or lower than might otherwise be the case. In addition, investments in unseasoned companies are more speculative and entail greater risk than do investments in companies with an established operating record. | |
Corporate Debt Obligations. Corporate debt obligations include bonds, notes, debentures, commercial paper and other obligations of corporations to pay interest and repay principal. The Fund may invest in corporate debt obligations issued by U.S. and certain non-U.S. issuers which issue securities denominated in the U.S. dollar (including Yankee and Euro obligations). In addition to obligations of corporations, corporate debt obligations include securities issued by banks and other financial institutions and supranational entities (i.e., the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, etc.). | |
Bank Obligations. The Fund may invest in obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. or foreign banks. Bank obligations, including without limitation, time deposits, bankers’ acceptances and certificates of deposit, may be general obligations of the parent bank or may be limited to the issuing branch by the terms of the specific obligations or by government regulations. Banks are subject to extensive but different governmental regulations which may limit both the amount and types of loans which may be made and interest rates which may be charged. In addition, the profitability of the banking industry is largely dependent upon the availability and |
cost of funds for the purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers play an important part in the operation of this industry. | |
U.S. Government Securities. The Fund may invest in U.S. Government Securities. U.S. Government Securities include U.S. Treasury obligations and obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. U.S. Government Securities may be supported by (i) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (ii) the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (iii) the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the issuer; or (iv) only the credit of the issuer. U.S. Government Securities also include Treasury receipts, zero coupon bonds and other stripped U.S. Government Securities, where the interest and principal components of stripped U.S. Government Securities are traded independently. U.S. Government Securities may also include Treasury inflation-protected securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. | |
Custodial Receipts and Trust Certificates. The Fund may invest in custodial receipts and trust certificates representing interests in securities held by a custodian or trustee. The securities so held may include U.S. Government Securities or other types of securities in which the Fund may invest. The custodial receipts or trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities, or, in some cases, the payment obligation of a third party that has entered into an interest rate swap or other arrangement with the custodian or trustee. For certain securities laws purposes, custodial receipts and trust certificates may not be considered obligations of the U.S. government or other issuer of the securities held by the custodian or trustee. If for tax purposes the Fund is not considered to be the owner of the underlying securities held in the custodial or trust account, the Fund may suffer adverse tax consequences. As a holder of custodial receipts and trust certificates, the Fund will bear its proportionate share of the fees and expenses charged to the custodial account or trust. The Fund may also invest in separately issued interests in custodial receipts and trust certificates. | |
Mortgage-Backed Securities. The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities. Mortgage-backed securities represent direct or indirect participations in, or are collateralized by and payable from, mortgage loans secured by real property. Mortgage-backed securities can be backed by either fixed rate mortgage loans or adjustable rate mortgage loans, and may be issued by either a governmental or non-governmental entity. Privately issued mortgage-backed securities are normally structured with one or more types of “credit enhancement.” However, these |
mortgage-backed securities typically do not have the same credit standing as U.S. government guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. | |
Mortgage-backed securities may include multiple class securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) and Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (“REMIC”) pass-through or participation certificates. A REMIC is a CMO that qualifies for special tax treatment and invests in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property and other permitted investments. CMOs provide an investor with a specified interest in the cash flow from a pool of underlying mortgages or of other mortgage-backed securities. CMOs are issued in multiple classes each with a specified fixed or floating interest rate and a final scheduled distribution rate. In many cases, payments of principal are applied to the CMO classes in the order of their respective stated maturities, so that no principal payments will be made on a CMO class until all other classes having an earlier stated maturity date are paid in full. | |
Sometimes, however, CMO classes are “parallel pay,” i.e., payments of principal are made to two or more classes concurrently. In some cases, CMOs may have the characteristics of a stripped mortgage-backed security whose price can be highly volatile. CMOs may exhibit more or less price volatility and interest rate risk than other types of mortgage-related obligations, and under certain interest rate and payment scenarios, a Fund may fail to recoup fully its investment in certain of these securities regardless of their credit quality. | |
Mortgaged-backed securities also include stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”), which are derivative multiple class mortgage-backed securities. SMBS are usually structured with two different classes: one that receives substantially all of the interest payments and the other that receives substantially all of the principal payments from a pool of mortgage loans. The market value of SMBS consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on SMBS that receive all or most of the interest from mortgage loans are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other mortgage-backed securities because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped. | |
Asset-Backed Securities. The Fund may invest in asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities are securities whose principal and interest payments are collateralized by pools of assets such as auto loans, credit card receivables, leases, installment contracts and personal property. Asset-backed securities are often subject to more rapid repayment than their stated maturity date would indicate as a result of the pass-through of prepayments of principal on the underlying loans. During periods of declining interest rates, prepayment of loans underlying asset-backed securities can be expected to accelerate. Accordingly, the Fund’s ability to |
maintain positions in such securities will be affected by reductions in the principal amount of such securities resulting from prepayments, and its ability to reinvest the returns of principal at comparable yields is subject to generally prevailing interest rates at that time. Asset-backed securities present credit risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. This is because asset-backed securities generally do not have the benefit of a security interest in collateral that is comparable to mortgage assets. If the issuer of an asset-backed security defaults on its payment obligations, there is the possibility that, in some cases, the Fund will be unable to possess and sell the underlying collateral and that the Fund’s recoveries on repossessed collateral may not be available to support payments on the securities. In the event of a default, the Fund may suffer a loss if it cannot sell collateral quickly and receive the amount it is owed. | |
Borrowings. The Fund can borrow money from banks and other financial institutions in amounts not exceeding one-third of its total assets for temporary or emergency purposes. The Fund may not make additional investments if borrowings exceed 5% of its total assets. |
Appendix B Predecessor Fund Financial Highlights | |
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). | |
The financial highlights information for the Fund is based on the financial history of the Class Y Shares of the AXA Enterprise International Growth Fund of AXA Enterprise Funds Trust (the “Predecessor Fund”). The information for the Predecessor Fund has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, whose report, along with the Predecessor Fund’s financial statements are included in their annual report and is available upon request. | |
Ten Months | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended | Year Ended | Ended | Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
October 31, | October 31, | October 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Class Y | 2006c | 2005c,d | 2004c | 2003c | 2002c | 2001c | |||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 15.56 | $ | 13.08 | $ | 13.56 | $ | 10.39 | $ | 12.90 | $ | 18.41 | |||||||||||||
Income (loss) from investment operations: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.09 | (0.02 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and foreign currency transactions | 3.83 | 2.40 | (0.54 | ) | 3.04 | (2.61 | ) | (5.49 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations | 3.92 | 2.50 | (0.48 | ) | 3.10 | (2.52 | ) | (5.51 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Less distributions: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends from net investment income | (0.14 | ) | (0.02 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Distributions from realized gains | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions | (0.14 | ) | (0.02 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
Redemption fees | — | # | — | — | # | 0.07 | 0.01 | — | |||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period | $ | 19.34 | $ | 15.56 | $ | 13.08 | $ | 13.56 | $ | 10.39 | $ | 12.90 | |||||||||||||
Total returnb | 25.35 | % | 19.12 | % | (3.54 | )% | 30.51 | % | (19.46 | )% | (29.93 | )% | |||||||||||||
Ratios/Supplemental Data: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000’s) | $ | 34,332 | $ | 5,937 | $ | 15,199 | $ | 15,097 | $ | 10,616 | $ | 13,797 | |||||||||||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
After waiversa | 1.40 | % | 1.40 | % | 1.40 | % | 1.40 | % | 1.40 | % | 1.53 | % | |||||||||||||
After waivers and fees paid indirectlya | 1.30 | %d | 1.29 | % | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
Before waivers and fees paid indirectlya | 1.40 | %d | 1.74 | % | 1.43 | % d | 1.50 | % | 1.65 | % | 1.53 | % | |||||||||||||
Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
After waiversa | 0.39 | % | 0.59 | % | 0.55 | % d | 0.50 | % | 0.80 | % | (0.12 | )% | |||||||||||||
After waivers and fees paid indirectlya | 0.48 | % | 0.70 | % | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
Before waivers and fees paid indirectlya | 0.39 | % | 0.25 | % | 0.52 | % | 0.40 | % | 0.55 | % | (0.12 | )% | |||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover ratee | 74 | % | 136 | % | 115 | % | 56 | % | 182 | % | 99 | % | |||||||||||||
Effect of contractual expense limitation during the period: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Per share benefit to net investment income | $ | — | $ | 0.05 | * | * | * | * | |||||||||||||||||
* | Prior to the year ended October 31, 2005, these ratios and per share amounts were not provided. | |
# | Per share amount is less than $0.005. | |
a | Ratios for periods less than one year are annualized. | |
b | Total return for periods less than one year are not annualized. | |
c | Net investment income and capital changes per share are based on daily average shares outstanding. | |
d | Reflects overall fund ratios adjusted for class specific expenses. | |
e | Portfolio turnover rate for periods less than one year are not annualized. |
Index |
1 General Investment Management Approach | ||||
2 Fund Investment Objective and Strategies | ||||
2 Goldman Sachs Strategic International Equity Fund | ||||
4 Other Investment Practices and Securities | ||||
6 Principal Risks of the Fund | ||||
9 Fund Performance | ||||
10 Fund Fees and Expenses | ||||
13 Service Providers | ||||
20 Dividends | ||||
21 Shareholder Guide | ||||
21 How To Buy Shares | ||||
27 How To Sell Shares | ||||
36 Taxation | ||||
39 Appendix A Additional Information on Portfolio Risks, Securities and Techniques | ||||
61 Appendix B Predecessor Fund Financial Highlights |
Strategic International Equity Fund Prospectus (Institutional Shares) |
FOR MORE INFORMATION |
Annual/Semi-annual Report | |
Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Fund’s annual reports, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year. Before the date of this Prospectus, the Goldman Sachs Strategic International Equity Fund had not commenced operations. The annual report for the fiscal year ending August 31, 2007 will become available to shareholders in October 2007. | |
Statement of Additional Information | |
Additional information about the Fund and its policies is also available in the Fund’s Additional Statement. The Additional Statement is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus (is legally considered part of this Prospectus). | |
The Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports (when available), and the Additional Statement, are available free upon request by calling Goldman Sachs at 1-800-621-2550. You can also access and download the annual and semi-annual reports and the Additional Statement at the Fund’s website: http://www.goldmansachsfunds.com. | |
To obtain other information and for shareholder inquiries: |
n By telephone: | 1-800-621-2550 | |
n By mail: | Goldman Sachs Funds, P.O. Box 06050 Chicago, IL 60606-6306 | |
n On the Internet: | SEC EDGAR database – http://www.sec.gov |
You may review and obtain copies of Fund documents (including the Additional Statement) by visiting the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. You may also obtain copies of Fund documents, after paying a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102 or by electronic request to: publicinfo@sec.gov. Information on the operation of the public reference room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 942-8090. |
The Fund’s investment company registration number is 811-5349.