UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act file number: 811-10575
ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)
Joseph J. Mantineo
AllianceBernstein L.P.
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10105
(Name and address of agent for service)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (800) 221-5672
Date of fiscal year end: October 31, 2017
Date of reporting period: April 30, 2017
ITEM 1. REPORTS TO STOCKHOLDERS.
APR 04.30.17
SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT
ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA
MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND
(NYSE: AKP)
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| Investment Products Offered | | • Are Not FDIC Insured • May Lose Value • Are Not Bank Guaranteed |
You may obtain a description of the Fund’s proxy voting policies and procedures, and information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30, without charge. Simply visit AB’s website at www.abfunds.com, or go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “Commission”) website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227 4618.
The Fund files its complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Commission for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-Q. The Fund’s Forms N-Q are available on the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. The Fund’s Forms N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the Commission’s Public Reference Room in Washington, DC; information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling (800) SEC 0330.
AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc. (ABI) is the distributor of the AB family of mutual funds. ABI is a member of FINRA and is an affiliate of AllianceBernstein L.P., the Adviser of the funds.
The [A/B] logo is a registered service mark of AllianceBernstein and AllianceBernstein® is a registered service mark used by permission of the owner, AllianceBernstein L.P.
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| FROM THE PRESIDENT | |  |
Dear Shareholder,
We are pleased to provide this report for Alliance California Municipal Income Fund (the “Fund”). Please review the discussion of Fund performance, the market conditions during the reporting period and the Fund’s investment strategy.
As always, AB strives to keep clients ahead of what’s next by:
| + | | Transforming uncommon insights into uncommon knowledge with a global research scope |
| + | | Navigating markets with seasoned investment experience and sophisticated solutions |
| + | | Providing thoughtful investment insights and actionable ideas |
Whether you’re an individual investor or a multi-billion-dollar institution, we put knowledge and experience to work for you.
AB’s global research organization connects and collaborates across platforms and teams to deliver impactful insights and innovative products. Better insights lead to better opportunities—anywhere in the world.
For additional information about AB’s range of products and shareholder resources, please log on to www.abfunds.com.
Thank you for your investment in the AB Mutual Funds.
Sincerely,
Robert M. Keith
President and Chief Executive Officer, AB Mutual Funds
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 1 |
SEMI-ANNUAL REPORT
June 12, 2017
This report provides management’s discussion of fund performance for Alliance California Municipal Income Fund for the semi-annual reporting period ended April 30, 2017. The Fund is a closed-end fund and its shares are listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
The Fund seeks to provide high current income exempt from regular federal and California state income tax by investing substantially all of its net assets in municipal securities that are exempt from state taxes.
RETURNS AS OF APRIL 30, 2017 (unaudited)
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| | | 6 Months | | | 12 Months | |
| ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND (NAV) | | | -2.58% | | | | -0.62% | |
| Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index | | | -0.34% | | | | 0.14% | |
The Fund’s market price per share on April 30, 2017 was $13.57. The Fund’s NAV price per share on April 30, 2017 was $15.09. For additional Financial Highlights, please see pages 42-44.
INVESTMENT RESULTS
The table above shows the Fund’s performance compared to its benchmark, the Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index, for the six- and 12-month periods ended April 30, 2017.
The Fund underperformed the benchmark for both periods. Yield-curve positioning detracted from performance during both periods because of the Fund’s overweight in intermediate-duration bonds, which underperformed relative to the benchmark. Over the 12-month period, an underweight in state general obligation bonds benefited performance. Security selection within local general obligation bonds, special tax and toll roads benefited, while security selection within assessment districts detracted. Over the six-month period, an underweight in tax-supported state lease bonds benefited performance, while security selection within water and sewer bonds and local general obligation bonds detracted.
Leverage, achieved through the usage of auction rate preferred shares, tender option bonds (“TOBs”) and variable rate municipal term preferred shares, detracted from the Fund’s total return since yields rose over both periods, but benefited the Fund’s income as the spread between the Fund’s borrowing and investment rates remained positive.
The Fund utilized derivatives, including interest rate swaps for hedging purposes, which had no material impact on absolute performance, during both periods.
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MARKET REVIEW AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY
The relatively strong performance of equities and corporate bonds during both periods reflected investors’ expectations that economic growth should be solid going forward. Within the municipal market, this sentiment was reflected in higher interest rates and the better performance of mid-grade bonds over high-grade bonds. The Fund’s Senior Investment Management Team (the “Team”) positioned the Fund to be what it considers neutral with respect to interest-rate risk. Given the still-sizable debt overhang in the US and other major economies, rates may not climb as high as they have in previous tightening cycles, and this may limit future increases in longer-term bond yields, in the Team’s view.
The specter of tax reform remains on the horizon, though the chances of significant reform have declined recently as Republicans continue to grapple with repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act. At the end of the reporting period, the market yields of municipal bonds relative to taxable bonds suggested a low probability of significant tax reform. The after-tax income of municipals relative to taxable bonds would be below average, however, if tax rates were cut to 33%, as proposed by both President Trump and House Speaker Ryan. The relative advantage of municipals would fall sharply if long-term capital gains rates were cut as in certain proposals and taxable interest were subject to the same reduced rate. While significant tax reform may be unlikely in the near term, the Team continues to position the Fund with a relatively small portion in the longest-maturity bonds; this may potentially reduce the Fund’s exposure to tax reform should a push to significantly cut taxes materialize in the months ahead.
The State of California’s fiscal improvement continued as the state’s economy and tax revenue growth has been sustained, and policymakers have continued to manage state finances prudently and build reserves. The state’s economy, particularly in the Bay Area, is growing more rapidly than the rest of the nation. California, which faced a $26 billion deficit in January 2010, has since restrained spending and passed a series of tax increases, which together have balanced the state’s budget. California has also focused on paying down debt and controlling growth of liabilities like pensions, although pensions remain a growing pressure due to poor investment returns and inadequate contributions. California has recently lowered the assumed investment returns for its pension funds, and while this decision will prudently reduce long-term risk, it does contribute to rising near-term pension costs for state and local governments. Over the next 12 months, steady revenue collections, which are historically volatile in California due in part to its highly progressive income tax, are a key factor in continued credit improvement. While the Team is mindful of California’s history of strained finances, weak governance and headline risk, the Team also recognizes that the state’s general obligation bonds are constitutionally protected and that debt service is paid second only after education.
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The Fund may purchase municipal securities that are insured under policies issued by certain insurance companies. Historically, insured municipal securities typically received a higher credit rating, which meant that the issuer of the securities paid a lower interest rate. As a result of declines in the credit quality and associated downgrades of most fund insurers, insurance has less value than it did in the past. The market now values insured municipal securities primarily based on the credit quality of the issuer of the security with little value given to the insurance feature. In purchasing such insured securities, the Adviser evaluates the risk and return of municipal securities through its own research. If an insurance company’s rating is downgraded or the company becomes insolvent, the prices of municipal securities insured by the insurance company may decline. As of April 30, 2017, the Fund’s percentages of investments in municipal bonds that are insured and in insured municipal bonds that have been pre-refunded or escrowed to maturity were 5.59% and 0.00%, respectively.
Since February 2008, auctions of the auction rate preferred shares have had fewer buyers than sellers and, as a result, the auctions have “failed”. The failed auctions did not lower the credit quality of the auction rate preferred shares, but rather meant that a holder was unable to sell the auction rate preferred securities in the auctions, so that there was a loss of liquidity for the holders of the auction rate preferred shares. When an auction fails, the auction rate preferred shares pay interest on a formula-based maximum rate based on AA-commercial paper and short-term municipal bond rates. In the extremely low short-term interest rate environment of recent years, the interest rates resulting from such a formula have been much lower than the returns on the Fund’s investments and the cost of alternative forms of leverage available to the Fund. However, to the extent that the cost of this leverage increases in the future and earnings from the Fund’s investments do not increase, the Fund’s net investment returns may decline.
In July 2015, the Fund announced a tender offer of up to 100% of its outstanding auction rate preferred shares at a price equal to 94% of the liquidation preference of $25,000 per share. The result of accepting tendered shares in September 2015, and replacing the leverage associated with these shares with an alternative form of leverage, was to increase the Fund’s net asset value, but at least in the near term to increase the cost of leverage. Over time, the Team believes diversifying its sources of leverage will lead to lower borrowing costs.
The Team continues to explore, and discuss with the Board of Directors, other liquidity and leverage options, including TOBs, which it has used in the past; this may result in additional auction rate preferred shares being redeemed in the future. The Fund is not required to redeem any auction rate preferred shares, and the Team expects to continue to rely on the auction rate preferred shares for a portion of the Fund’s leverage exposure.
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INVESTMENT POLICIES
The Fund will normally invest at least 80%, and normally substantially all, of its net assets in municipal securities paying interest that is exempt from regular federal and California state income tax. In addition, the Fund normally invests at least 75% of its net assets in investment-grade municipal securities or unrated municipal securities considered to be of comparable quality as determined by the Adviser. The Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in municipal securities rated below investment-grade and unrated municipal securities considered to be of comparable quality. The Fund intends to invest primarily in municipal securities that pay interest that is not subject to the federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”), but may invest without limit in municipal securities paying interest that is subject to the federal AMT. For more information regarding the Fund’s risks, please see “Disclosures and Risks” on pages 6-9 and “Note G—Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund” of the Notes to Financial Statements on pages 36-39.
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS
Alliance California Municipal Income Fund Shareholder Information
Weekly comparative net asset value (“NAV”) and market price information about the Fund is published each Saturday in Barron’s and in other newspapers in a table called “Closed End Funds”. Daily NAVs and market price information, and additional information regarding the Fund, is available at www.abfunds.com and www.nyse.com. For additional shareholder information regarding this Fund, please see page 53.
Benchmark Disclosure
The Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index is unmanaged and does not reflect fees and expenses associated with the active management of a fund portfolio. The Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index represents the performance of the long-term tax-exempt bond market consisting of investment-grade bonds. An investor cannot invest directly in an index, and its results are not indicative of the performance for any specific investment, including the Fund. In addition, the Index does not reflect the use of leverage, whereas the Fund utilizes leverage.
A Word About Risk
Among the risks of investing in the Fund are changes in the general level of interest rates or changes in bond credit quality ratings. Changes in interest rates have a greater effect on bonds with longer maturities than on those with shorter maturities. Please note, as interest rates rise, existing bond prices fall and can cause the value of your investment in the Fund to decline. While the Fund invests principally in bonds and other fixed-income securities, in order to achieve its investment objectives, the Fund may at times use certain types of investment derivatives, such as options, futures, forwards and swaps. These instruments involve risks different from, and in certain cases, greater than, the risks presented by more traditional investments. At the discretion of the Fund’s Adviser, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in municipal bonds that are rated below investment grade (i.e., “junk bonds”). These securities involve greater volatility and risk than higher-quality fixed-income securities. The Fund will invest substantially all of its net assets in California municipal bonds and is therefore susceptible to political, economic or regulatory factors specifically affecting California municipal bond issuers.
Leverage Risk: The Fund uses financial leverage for investment purposes, which involves leverage risk. The Fund’s outstanding auction preferred shares and variable rate municipal fund term preferred shares (together “Preferred Shares”) result in leverage. The Fund may also use other types of financial leverage, including TOBs, either in combination with, or in lieu of, the Preferred Shares. The Fund utilizes leverage to seek
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
to enhance the yield and NAV attributable to its Common Stock. These objectives may not be achieved in all interest rate environments. Leverage creates certain risks for holders of Common Stock, including the likelihood of greater volatility of the NAV and market price of the Common Stock. If income from the securities purchased from the funds made available by leverage is not sufficient to cover the cost of leverage, the Fund’s return will be less than if leverage had not been used. As a result, the amounts available for distribution to Common Stockholders as dividends and other distributions will be reduced. During periods of rising short-term interest rates, the interest paid on the Preferred Shares or the floaters issued in connection with the Fund’s TOB transactions would increase. In addition, the interest paid on inverse floaters held by the Fund, whether issued in connection with the Fund’s TOB transactions or purchased in a secondary market transaction, would decrease. Under such circumstances, the Fund’s income and distributions to Common Stockholders may decline, which would adversely affect the Fund’s yield and possibly the market value of its shares. If rising short-term rates coincide with a period of rising long-term rates, the value of the long-term municipal bonds purchased with the proceeds of leverage would decline, adversely affecting the net asset value attributable to the Fund’s Common Stock and possibly the market value of the shares.
Tax Risk: There is no guarantee that all of the Fund’s income will remain exempt from federal or state income taxes. From time to time, the US government and the US Congress consider changes in federal tax law that could limit or eliminate the federal tax exemption for municipal bond income, which would in effect reduce the net income received by shareholders from the Fund by increasing taxes on that income. In such event, the Fund’s NAV could also decline as yields on municipal bonds, which are typically lower than those on taxable bonds, would be expected to increase to approximately the yield of comparable bonds.
Market Risk: The value of the Fund’s assets will fluctuate as the bond market fluctuates. The value of the Fund’s investments may decline, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, simply because of economic changes or other events that affect large portions of the market.
Credit Risk: An issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or the counterparty to a derivatives or other contract, may be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal, or to otherwise honor its obligations. The issuer or guarantor may default, causing a loss of the full principal amount of a security. The degree of risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. There is the possibility that the credit rating of a fixed-income security may be downgraded after purchase,
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
which may adversely affect the value of the security. Investments in fixed-income securities with lower ratings tend to have a higher probability that an issuer will default or fail to meet its payment obligations.
Interest Rate Risk: Changes in interest rates will affect the value of investments in fixed-income securities. When interest rates rise, the value of investments in fixed-income securities tends to fall and this decrease in value may not be offset by higher income from new investments. Interest rate risk is generally greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities or durations.
Inflation Risk: This is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the value of the Fund’s assets can decline as can the value of the Fund’s distributions. This risk is significantly greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities.
Derivatives Risk: Investments in derivatives may be illiquid, difficult to price, and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses for the Fund, and may be subject to counterparty risk to a greater degree than more traditional investments.
Duration Risk: Duration is a measure that relates the expected price volatility of a fixed-income security to changes in interest rates. The duration of a fixed-income security may be shorter than or equal to full maturity of a fixed-income security. Fixed-income securities with longer durations have more risk and will decrease in price as interest rates rise. For example, a fixed-income security with a duration of three years will decrease in value by approximately 3% if interest rates increase by 1%.
Liquidity Risk: Liquidity risk occurs when certain investments become difficult to purchase or sell. Difficulty in selling less liquid securities may result in sales at disadvantageous prices affecting the value of your investment in the Fund. Causes of liquidity risk may include low trading volumes and large positions. Municipal securities may have more liquidity risk than other fixed-income securities because they trade less frequently and the market for municipal securities is generally smaller than many other markets.
Management Risk: The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed investment fund. The Adviser will apply its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions, but there is no guarantee that its techniques will produce the intended results.
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DISCLOSURES AND RISKS (continued)
These risks are fully discussed in the Fund’s prospectus. As with all investments you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
An Important Note About Historical Performance
The performance shown in this report represents past performance and does not guarantee future results. Current performance may be lower or higher than the performance information shown. All fees and expenses related to the operation of the Fund have been deducted. Performance assumes reinvestment of distributions and does not account for taxes.
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PORTFOLIO SUMMARY
April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
PORTFOLIO STATISTICS
Net Assets ($mil): $129.1
| 1 | All data are as of April 30, 2017. The Fund’s quality rating breakdown is expressed as a percentage of the Fund’s total investments in municipal securities and may vary over time. The Fund also enters into derivative transactions, which may be used for hedging or investment purposes (see “Portfolio of Investments” section of the report for additional details). The quality ratings are determined by using the Standard & Poor’s Global Ratings (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Fitch Ratings, Ltd. (“Fitch”). The Fund considers the credit ratings issued by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch and uses the highest rating issued by the agencies. These ratings are a measure of the quality and safety of a bond or portfolio, based on the issuer’s financial condition. AAA is the highest (best) and D is the lowest (worst). If applicable, the Pre-refunded category includes bonds which are secured by U.S. Government securities and therefore are deemed high-quality investment-grade by the Adviser. If applicable, Not Applicable (N/A) includes non-creditworthy investments; such as equities, currency contracts, futures and options. If applicable, the Not Rated category includes bonds that are not rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization. The Adviser evaluates the creditworthiness of non-rated securities based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, cash flows, enterprise value and economic environment. |
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS
April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
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| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
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MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS – 158.2% | | | | | | | | |
Long-Term Municipal Bonds – 158.2% | | | | | | | | |
California – 145.2% | | | | | | | | |
Anaheim Public Financing Authority
(City of Anaheim CA Lease)
Series 2014A
5.00%, 5/01/33-5/01/39 | | $ | 4,750 | | | $ | 5,409,435 | |
Bay Area Toll Authority
Series 2013S
5.00%, 4/01/33 | | | 5,000 | | | | 5,759,950 | |
Beaumont Financing Authority
AMBAC Series 2007C
5.00%, 9/01/26 | | | 755 | | | | 767,465 | |
Bellflower Redevelopment Agency
(9920 Flora Vista LP)
Series 2002A
5.50%, 6/01/35 | | | 2,700 | | | | 2,617,029 | |
California Econ Recovery
Series 2009A
5.25%, 7/01/21 (Pre-refunded/ETM) | | | 535 | | | | 583,846 | |
California Educational Facilities Authority
(Loma Linda University)
Series 2017A
5.00%, 4/01/47 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,100,040 | |
California Health Facilities Financing Authority
(California-Nevada Methodist Homes)
Series 2015
5.00%, 7/01/45 | | | 3,000 | | | | 3,357,600 | |
California Health Facilities Financing Authority
(El Camino Hospital)
Series 2017
5.00%, 2/01/36 | | | 1,900 | | | | 2,121,863 | |
California Municipal Finance Authority
(American Heritage Education Foundation/CA)
Series 2016A
5.00%, 6/01/46 | | | 1,750 | | | | 1,858,780 | |
California Municipal Finance Authority
(Azusa Pacific University)
Series 2015B
5.00%, 4/01/35-4/01/41 | | | 2,040 | | | | 2,145,281 | |
California Municipal Finance Authority
(Community Hospitals of Central California Obligated Group)
Series 2017A
5.00%, 2/01/47 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,085,870 | |
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
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| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
California Public Finance Authority
(Henry Mayo Newhall Memorial Hospital)
Series 2017
5.00%, 10/15/47 | | $ | 1,085 | | | $ | 1,148,635 | |
California School Finance Authority
(Alliance College-Ready Public Schools Facilities Corp.)
Series 2015A
5.00%, 7/01/30(a) | | | 1,700 | | | | 1,828,282 | |
California School Finance Authority
(Green DOT Public Schools Obligated Group)
Series 2015A
5.00%, 8/01/45(a) | | | 1,500 | | | | 1,575,330 | |
California State Public Works Board
Series 2011G
5.25%, 12/01/26 (Pre-refunded/ETM) | | | 3,700 | | | | 4,340,248 | |
California Statewide Communities Development Authority
(Bentley School)
Series 2010A
7.00%, 7/01/40 | | | 2,625 | | | | 2,942,861 | |
California Statewide Communities Development Authority
(Buck Institute for Research on Aging)
AGM Series 2014
5.00%, 11/15/44 | | | 4,000 | | | | 4,498,480 | |
California Statewide Communities Development Authority
(Collis P. and Howard Huntington Memorial Hospital Trust)
Series 2014B
5.00%, 7/01/44 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,070,040 | |
City of Los Angeles Department of Airports
(Los Angeles Intl Airport)
Series 2009A
5.25%, 5/15/29 | | | 1,700 | | | | 1,840,743 | |
Series 2010A
5.00%, 5/15/27 | | | 1,440 | | | | 1,600,690 | |
City of San Francisco CA Public Utilities Commission Wastewater Revenue
Series 2013B
5.00%, 10/01/32 | | | 4,735 | | | | 5,423,374 | |
County of Sacramento CA Airport System Revenue
Series 2016A
5.00%, 7/01/41 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,115,820 | |
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
Garden Grove Unified School District
Series 2013C
5.00%, 8/01/34 | | $ | 3,650 | | | $ | 4,210,896 | |
Inglewood Redevelopment Agency Successor Agency
BAM Series 2017A
5.00%, 5/01/34 | | | 365 | | | | 415,793 | |
Jurupa Public Financing Authority
Series 2014A
5.00%, 9/01/30-9/01/32 | | | 2,475 | | | | 2,699,138 | |
Long Beach Bond Finance Authority
(Aquarium of the Pacific)
Series 2012
5.00%, 11/01/27 | | | 3,500 | | | | 3,983,105 | |
Los Angeles Community College District/CA
Series 2008F-1
5.00%, 8/01/28 (Pre-refunded/ETM) | | | 4,200 | | | | 4,412,016 | |
Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority
(Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority Sales Tax)
Series 2009
5.00%, 7/01/25 | | | 6,700 | | | | 7,256,435 | |
Series 2013B
5.00%, 7/01/33 | | | 1,675 | | | | 1,944,843 | |
Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts Financing Authority
Series 2015A
5.00%, 10/01/33 | | | 1,400 | | | | 1,614,620 | |
Los Angeles Department of Water & Power WTR
Series 2013B
5.00%, 7/01/32 | | | 6,185 | | | | 7,224,142 | |
Norco Community Redevelopment Agency Successor Agency
(Norco Redevelopment Agency Project No 1)
Series 2010
5.875%, 3/01/32 | | | 420 | | | | 471,173 | |
6.00%, 3/01/36 | | | 325 | | | | 365,238 | |
Norman Y Mineta San Jose International Airport SJC
Series 2017A
5.00%, 3/01/37 | | | 1,500 | | | | 1,680,375 | |
Palm Desert Redevelopment Agency Successor Agency
BAM Series 2017A
5.00%, 10/01/30 | | | 500 | | | | 583,305 | |
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
Palomar Health
Series 2016
5.00%, 11/01/36 | | $ | 1,250 | | | $ | 1,338,750 | |
Peralta Community College District
Series 2014A
4.00%, 8/01/31 | | | 4,100 | | | | 4,329,436 | |
Port of Los Angeles
Series 2009C
5.00%, 8/01/26 | | | 5,550 | | | | 6,012,981 | |
Riverside County Infrastructure Financing Authority
(Riverside County Infrastructure Financing Authority Lease)
Series 2015A
4.00%, 11/01/37 | | | 1,225 | | | | 1,261,493 | |
Riverside County Transportation Commission
(Riverside County Transportation Commission Sales Tax)
Series 2013A
5.25%, 6/01/32 | | | 2,000 | | | | 2,366,440 | |
Sacramento Area Flood Control Agency
Series 2016A
5.00%, 10/01/36-10/01/41 | | | 3,000 | | | | 3,433,170 | |
Sacramento City Unified School District/CA
Series 2011
5.50%, 7/01/29 | | | 4,000 | | | | 4,608,040 | |
San Bernardino County Transportation Authority
Series 2015-2
5.00%, 3/01/32-3/01/34(b) | | | 6,040 | | | | 7,025,340 | |
San Diego County Water Authority Financing Corp.
Series 2013
5.00%, 5/01/31 | | | 4,300 | | | | 4,992,343 | |
San Diego Public Facilities Financing Authority
5.00%, 5/15/36(b) | | | 5,000 | | | | 5,824,800 | |
San Diego Public Facilities Financing Authority
(San Diego Public Facilities Financing Authority Lease)
Series 2010A
5.10%, 9/01/29 | | | 2,360 | | | | 2,622,526 | |
San Diego Unified School District/CA
Series 2013C
5.00%, 7/01/32 | | | 5,125 | | | | 5,995,737 | |
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PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District
(San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Sales Tax)
Series 2012A
5.00%, 7/01/36 | | $ | 2,230 | | | $ | 2,541,174 | |
San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency
Series 2013
5.00%, 3/01/28-3/01/31 | | | 6,070 | | | | 7,035,470 | |
San Joaquin Hills Transportation Corridor Agency
Series 2014A
5.00%, 1/15/44 | | | 3,900 | | | | 4,220,502 | |
San Mateo Joint Powers Financing Authority
(San Mateo Joint Powers Financing Authority Lease)
Series 2014
5.00%, 6/15/31 | | | 1,250 | | | | 1,470,363 | |
San Mateo Union High School District
Series 2013
5.00%, 9/01/33 | | | 2,115 | | | | 2,498,703 | |
Series 2013A
5.00%, 9/01/33 | | | 2,065 | | | | 2,416,711 | |
Southern California Public Power Authority
(Los Angeles Department of Water & Power PWR)
Series 2010
5.00%, 7/01/27 | | | 2,525 | | | | 2,765,052 | |
State of California
Series 2013
5.00%, 11/01/31 | | | 2,000 | | | | 2,318,800 | |
Series 2017
5.00%, 8/01/35 | | | 3,000 | | | | 3,452,370 | |
Stockton Redevelopment Agency Successor Agency
AGM Series 2016A
5.00%, 9/01/34 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,116,760 | |
Successor Agency to Richmond Community Redevelopment Agency
Series 2010A
5.75%, 9/01/24-9/01/25 | | | 530 | | | | 590,748 | |
6.00%, 9/01/30 | | | 370 | | | | 414,992 | |
Turlock Irrigation District
Series 2011
5.50%, 1/01/41 | | | 1,200 | | | | 1,344,816 | |
University of California
Series 2012G
5.00%, 5/15/31 | | | 8,000 | | | | 9,230,720 | |
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 15 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
Walnut Energy Center Authority
Series 2014
5.00%, 1/01/33 | | $ | 2,500 | | | $ | 2,910,950 | |
Yuba Levee Financing Authority
(Yuba Levee Financing Authority Lease)
BAM Series 2017A
5.00%, 9/01/31-9/01/32 | | | 2,000 | | | | 2,278,740 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 187,470,668 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Florida – 2.3% | | | | | | | | |
Miami Beach Health Facilities Authority
(Mount Sinai Medical Center of Florida, Inc.)
Series 2014
5.00%, 11/15/39 | | | 2,750 | | | | 2,938,375 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Guam – 1.6% | | | | | | | | |
Guam Power Authority
Series 2012A
5.00%, 10/01/34 | | | 2,000 | | | | 2,075,580 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Minnesota – 1.0% | | | | | | | | |
City of Minneapolis MN
(Fairview Health Services Obligated Group)
Series 2015A
5.00%, 11/15/33 | | | 1,100 | | | | 1,245,948 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Missouri – 0.9% | | | | | | | | |
Joplin Industrial Development Authority
(Freeman Health System)
Series 2015
5.00%, 2/15/35 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,092,350 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Nevada – 1.4% | | | | | | | | |
Henderson Local Improvement Districts
AGM Series 2007A
5.00%, 3/01/18 | | | 1,740 | | | | 1,761,820 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
New Jersey – 0.8% | | | | | | | | |
New Jersey Transportation Trust Fund Authority
(New Jersey Transportation Fed Hwy Grant)
Series 2016
5.00%, 6/15/29 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,063,930 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
New York – 4.2% | | | | | | | | |
Metropolitan Transportation Authority
Series 2014C
5.00%, 11/15/32 | | | 4,745 | | | | 5,435,682 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| 16 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Principal
Amount
(000) | | | U.S. $ Value | |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
Ohio – 0.0% | | | | | | | | |
Columbiana County Port Authority
(Apex Environmental LLC)
Series 2004
7.125%, 8/01/25(c) | | $ | 500 | | | $ | 4,750 | |
Series 2014
10.635%, 8/01/25(c) | | | 67 | | | | 639 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | 5,389 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Pennsylvania – 0.8% | | | | | | | | |
Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority
(PA Bridges Finco LP)
Series 2015
5.00%, 6/30/42 | | | 1,000 | | | | 1,083,980 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Long-Term Municipal Bonds
(cost $191,677,712) | | | | | | | 204,173,722 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
| | | Shares | | | | |
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS – 0.1% | |
Investment Companies – 0.1% | |
AB Fixed Income Shares, Inc. – Government Money Market Portfolio – Class AB, 0.57%(d)(e)
(cost $163,700) | | | 163,700 | | | | 163,700 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Total Investments – 158.3%
(cost $191,841,412) | | | | | | | 204,337,422 | |
Other assets less liabilities – (35.2)% | | | | | | | (45,387,840 | ) |
Preferred Shares at liquidation value – (23.1)% | | | | | | | (29,875,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders – 100.0%(f) | | | | | | $ | 129,074,582 | |
| | | | | | | | |
INTEREST RATE SWAPS (see Note C)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Rate Type | | | |
Swap
Counterparty | | Notional
Amount
(000) | | | Termination
Date | | | Payments
made by the
Fund | | Payments
received
by the
Fund | | Unrealized
Appreciation/
(Depreciation) | |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | $ | 24,300 | | | | 9/01/17 | | | 0.638% | | SIFMA* | | $ | 30,921 | |
| * | Variable interest rate based on the Securities Industry & Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) Municipal Swap Index. |
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 17 |
PORTFOLIO OF INVESTMENTS (continued)
| (a) | Security is exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933. These securities are considered restricted, but liquid and may be resold in transactions exempt from registration, normally to qualified institutional buyers. At April 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of these securities amounted to $3,403,612 or 2.6% of net assets. |
| (b) | Security represents the underlying municipal obligation of an inverse floating rate obligation held by the Fund (see Note H). |
| (d) | To obtain a copy of the fund’s shareholder report, please go to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov, or call AB at (800) 227-4618. |
| (e) | Investment in affiliated money market mutual fund. The rate shown represents the 7-day yield as of period end. |
| (f) | Portfolio percentages are calculated based on net assets applicable to common shareholders. |
As of April 30, 2017, the Fund’s percentages of investments in municipal bonds that are insured and in insured municipal bonds that have been pre-refunded or escrowed to maturity are 5.6% and 0.0%, respectively.
Glossary:
AGM – Assured Guaranty Municipal
AMBAC – Ambac Assurance Corporation
BAM – Build American Mutual
DOT – Department of Transportation
ETM – Escrowed to Maturity
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| 18 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF ASSETS & LIABILITIES
April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
| | | | |
| Assets | | | | |
Investments in securities, at value | | | | |
Unaffiliated issuers (cost $191,677,712) | | $ | 204,173,722 | |
Affiliated issuers (cost $163,700) | | | 163,700 | |
Interest receivable | | | 2,712,061 | |
Deferred offering costs | | | 218,187 | |
Unrealized appreciation on interest rate swaps | | | 30,921 | |
Affiliated dividends receivable | | | 79 | |
| | | | |
Total assets | | | 207,298,670 | |
| | | | |
| Liabilities | | | | |
Variable Rate MuniFund Term Preferred Shares, at liquidation value | | | 40,125,000 | |
Payable for floating rate notes issued* | | | 7,950,000 | |
Advisory fee payable | | | 99,168 | |
Interest expense payable | | | 72,236 | |
Dividends payable—Auction Preferred Shares | | | 6,968 | |
Other liabilities | | | 7,576 | |
Accrued expenses | | | 88,140 | |
| | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 48,349,088 | |
| | | | |
| Auction Preferred Shares, at Liquidation Value | | | | |
Auction Preferred shares, $.001 par value per share; 3,240 shares authorized, 1,195 shares issued and outstanding at $25,000 per share liquidation preference | | $ | 29,875,000 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders | | $ | 129,074,582 | |
| | | | |
| Composition of Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders | | | | |
Common stock, $.001 par value per share; 1,999,996,760 shares authorized, 8,554,668 shares issued and outstanding | | $ | 8,555 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 122,245,528 | |
Distributions in excess of net investment income | | | (234,091 | ) |
Accumulated net realized loss on investment transactions | | | (5,472,341 | ) |
Net unrealized appreciation on investments | | | 12,526,931 | |
| | | | |
Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders | | $ | 129,074,582 | |
| | | | |
Net Asset Value Applicable to Common Shareholders (based on 8,554,668 common shares outstanding) | | $ | 15.09 | |
| | | | |
| * | Represents short-term floating rate certificates issued by tender option bond trusts (see Note H). |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 19 |
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
Six Months Ended April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| Investment Income | | | | | | | | |
Interest | | $ | 3,969,221 | | | | | |
Dividends—Affiliated issuers | | | 4,064 | | | | | |
Other income(a) | | | 8,166 | | | $ | 3,981,451 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Expenses | | | | | | | | |
Advisory fee (see Note B) | | | 637,383 | | | | | |
Auction Preferred Shares-auction agent’s fees | | | 7,416 | | | | | |
Custodian | | | 50,425 | | | | | |
Audit and tax | | | 32,643 | | | | | |
Legal | | | 19,230 | | | | | |
Printing | | | 14,516 | | | | | |
Transfer agency | | | 13,966 | | | | | |
Directors’ fees | | | 12,574 | | | | | |
Registration fees | | | 11,752 | | | | | |
Miscellaneous | | | 36,057 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total expenses before interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs | | | 835,962 | | | | | |
Interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs | | | 556,974 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total expenses | | | 1,392,936 | | | | | |
Less: expenses waived and reimbursed by the Adviser (see Note B) | | | (2,092 | ) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net expenses | | | | | | | 1,390,844 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | 2,590,607 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investment Transactions | | | | | | | | |
Net realized gain (loss) on: | | | | | | | | |
Investment transactions | | | | | | | (440,136 | ) |
Swaps | | | | | | | 2,856 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of: | | | | | | | | |
Investments | | | | | | | (5,899,312 | ) |
Swaps | | | | | | | 20,274 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss on investment transactions | | | | | | | (6,316,318 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| Dividends to Auction Preferred Shareholders from | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | | | | | (165,634 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Decrease in Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders Resulting from Operations | | | | | | $ | (3,891,345 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| (a) | Other income represents a refund for overbilling of prior years’ custody out-of-pocket fees. |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| 20 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Six Months Ended
April 30, 2017
(unaudited) | | | Year Ended
October 31,
2016 | |
| Increase (Decrease) in Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders Resulting from Operations | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | $ | 2,590,607 | | | $ | 5,546,344 | |
Net realized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (437,280 | ) | | | 859,495 | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of investments | | | (5,879,038 | ) | | | 5,510,712 | |
| Dividends to Auction Preferred Shareholders from | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | (165,634 | ) | | | (188,248 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net assets applicable to common shareholders resulting from operations | | | (3,891,345 | ) | | | 11,728,303 | |
| Dividends and Distributions to Common Shareholders from | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | (2,577,351 | ) | | | (5,673,511 | ) |
Return of capital | | | – 0 | – | | | (128,521 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total dividends and distributions to common shareholders | | | (2,577,351 | ) | | | (5,802,032 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total increase (decrease) | | | (6,468,696 | ) | | | 5,926,271 | |
| Net Assets Applicable to Common Shareholders | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period | | | 135,543,278 | | | | 129,617,007 | |
| | | | | | | | |
End of period (including distributions in excess of net investment income of ($234,091) and ($81,713), respectively) | | $ | 129,074,582 | | | $ | 135,543,278 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 21 |
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
For the Six Months Ended April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in net assets from operations | | | | | | $ | (3,725,711 | ) |
| Reconciliation of net increase in net assets from operations to net increase in cash from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of long-term investments | | $ | (26,047,320 | ) | | | | |
Purchases of short-term investments | | | (22,262,635 | ) | | | | |
Proceeds from disposition of long-term investments | | | 27,180,950 | | | | | |
Proceeds from disposition of short-term investments | | | 22,098,935 | | | | | |
Net realized loss on investment transactions | | | 437,280 | | | | | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation on investment transactions | | | 5,879,038 | | | | | |
Net accretion of bond discount and amortization of bond premium | | | 657,780 | | | | | |
Decrease in interest receivable | | | 191,738 | | | | | |
Decrease in affiliated dividends receivable | | | 146 | | | | | |
Decrease in deferred offering costs | | | 20,263 | | | | | |
Decrease in payable for investments purchased | | | (1,158,940 | ) | | | | |
Decrease in advisory fee payable | | | (6,870 | ) | | | | |
Increase in interest expense payable | | | 1,568 | | | | | |
Decrease in other liabilities | | | (6,031 | ) | | | | |
Decrease in accrued expenses | | | (29,786 | ) | | | | |
Proceeds on swaps, net | | | 2,856 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total adjustments | | | | | | | 6,958,972 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net increase in cash from operating activities | | | | | | $ | 3,233,261 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | | | | |
Decrease in due to custodian | | | (490,642 | ) | | | | |
Cash dividends paid | | | (2,742,619 | ) | | | | |
Net decrease in cash from financing activities | | | | | | | (3,233,261 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| Net increase in cash | | | | | | | — | |
Net change in cash | | | | | | | — | |
Cash at beginning of period | | | | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Cash at end of period | | | | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense paid during the period | | $ | 535,143 | | | | | |
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Fund has included a Statement of Cash Flows as a result of its substantial investments in floating rate notes and Variable Rate MuniFund Term Preferred Shares throughout the period.
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| 22 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
April 30, 2017 (unaudited)
NOTE A
Significant Accounting Policies
Alliance California Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”) was incorporated in the State of Maryland on November 9, 2001 and is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as a diversified, closed-end management investment company. The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) which require management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Fund is an investment company under U.S. GAAP and follows the accounting and reporting guidance applicable to investment companies. The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed by the Fund.
1. Security Valuation
Portfolio securities are valued at their current market value determined on the basis of market quotations or, if market quotations are not readily available or are deemed unreliable, at “fair value” as determined in accordance with procedures established by and under the general supervision of the Fund’s Board of Directors (the “Board”).
In general, the market values of securities which are readily available and deemed reliable are determined as follows: securities listed on a national securities exchange (other than securities listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”)) or on a foreign securities exchange are valued at the last sale price at the close of the exchange or foreign securities exchange. If there has been no sale on such day, the securities are valued at the last traded price from the previous day. Securities listed on more than one exchange are valued by reference to the principal exchange on which the securities are traded; securities listed only on NASDAQ are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price; listed or over the counter (“OTC”) market put or call options are valued at the mid level between the current bid and ask prices. If either a current bid or current ask price is unavailable, AllianceBernstein L.P. (the “Adviser”) will have discretion to determine the best valuation (e.g. last trade price in the case of listed options); open futures are valued using the closing settlement price or, in the absence of such a price, the most recent quoted bid price. If there are no quotations available for the day of valuation, the last available closing settlement price is used; U.S. Government securities and any other debt instruments having 60 days or less remaining until maturity are generally valued at market by an independent pricing vendor, if a market
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 23 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
price is available. If a market price is not available, the securities are valued at amortized cost. This methodology is commonly used for short term securities that have an original maturity of 60 days or less, as well as short term securities that had an original term to maturity that exceeded 60 days. In instances when amortized cost is utilized, the Valuation Committee (the “Committee”) must reasonably conclude that the utilization of amortized cost is approximately the same as the fair value of the security. Such factors the Committee will consider include, but are not limited to, an impairment of the creditworthiness of the issuer or material changes in interest rates. Fixed-income securities, including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, may be valued on the basis of prices provided by a pricing service or at a price obtained from one or more of the major broker-dealers. In cases where broker-dealer quotes are obtained, the Adviser may establish procedures whereby changes in market yields or spreads are used to adjust, on a daily basis, a recently obtained quoted price on a security. Swaps and other derivatives are valued daily, primarily using independent pricing services, independent pricing models using market inputs, as well as third party broker-dealers or counterparties. Open end mutual funds are valued at the closing net asset value per share, while exchange traded funds are valued at the closing market price per share.
Securities for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities) or are deemed unreliable are valued at fair value as deemed appropriate by the Adviser. Factors considered in making this determination may include, but are not limited to, information obtained by contacting the issuer, analysts, analysis of the issuer’s financial statements or other available documents. In addition, the Fund may use fair value pricing for securities primarily traded in non-U.S. markets because most foreign markets close well before the Fund values its securities at 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim and may materially affect the value of those securities. To account for this, the Fund may frequently value many of its foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.
2. Fair Value Measurements
In accordance with U.S. GAAP regarding fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that the Fund would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and a three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset
| | |
| 24 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
or liability (including those valued based on their market values as described in Note A.1 above). Inputs may be observable or unobservable and refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Fund. Unobservable inputs reflect the Fund’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances. Each investment is assigned a level based upon the observability of the inputs which are significant to the overall valuation. The three-tier hierarchy of inputs is summarized below.
| | • | | Level 1—quoted prices in active markets for identical investments |
| | • | | Level 2—other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar investments, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, etc.) |
| | • | | Level 3—significant unobservable inputs (including the Fund’s own assumptions in determining the fair value of investments) |
The fair value of debt instruments, such as bonds, and over-the-counter derivatives is generally based on market price quotations, recently executed market transactions (where observable) or industry recognized modeling techniques and are generally classified as Level 2. Pricing vendor inputs to Level 2 valuations may include quoted prices for similar investments in active markets, interest rate curves, coupon rates, currency rates, yield curves, option adjusted spreads, default rates, credit spreads and other unique security features in order to estimate the relevant cash flows which are then discounted to calculate fair values. If these inputs are unobservable and significant to the fair value, these investments will be classified as Level 3. In addition, non-agency rated investments are classified as Level 3.
Other fixed income investments, including non-U.S. government and corporate debt, are generally valued using quoted market prices, if available, which are typically impacted by current interest rates, maturity dates and any perceived credit risk of the issuer. Additionally, in the absence of quoted market prices, these inputs are used by pricing vendors to derive a valuation based upon industry or proprietary models which incorporate issuer specific data with relevant yield/spread comparisons with more widely quoted bonds with similar key characteristics. Those investments for which there are observable inputs are classified as Level 2. Where the inputs are not observable, the investments are classified as Level 3.
| | |
| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 25 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The following table summarizes the valuation of the Fund’s investments by the above fair value hierarchy levels as of April 30, 2017:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in
Securities: | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Long-Term Municipal Bonds | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 197,959,304 | | | $ | 6,214,418 | | | $ | 204,173,722 | |
Short-Term Investments | | | 163,700 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | 163,700 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Investments in Securities | | | 163,700 | | | | 197,959,304 | | | | 6,214,418 | | | | 204,337,422 | |
Other Financial Instruments(a): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest Rate Swaps | | | – 0 | – | | | 30,921 | | | | – 0 | – | | | 30,921 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total(b) | | $ | 163,700 | | | $ | 197,990,225 | | | $ | 6,214,418 | | | $ | 204,368,343 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (a) | Other financial instruments are derivative instruments, such as futures, forwards and swaps, which are valued at the unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on the instrument. |
| (b) | There were no transfers between any levels during the reporting period. |
The Fund recognizes all transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy assuming the financial instruments were transferred at the beginning of the reporting period.
The following is a reconciliation of investments in which significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were used in determining fair value.
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Long-Term
Municipal
Bonds | | | Total | |
Balance as of 10/31/16 | | $ | 6,404,514 | | | $ | 6,404,514 | |
Accrued discounts/(premiums) | | | (9,743 | ) | | | (9,743 | ) |
Realized gain (loss) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation | | | (180,353 | ) | | | (180,353 | ) |
Purchases | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Sales | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Transfers in to Level 3 | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
Transfers out of Level 3 | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Balance as of 4/30/17 | | $ | 6,214,418 | | | $ | 6,214,418 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation from investments held as of 4/30/17(a) | | $ | (180,353 | ) | | $ | (180,353 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| (a) | The unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) is included in net change in unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on investments and other financial instruments in the accompanying statement of operations. |
As of April 30, 2017, all Level 3 securities were priced by third party vendors.
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The Adviser established the Committee to oversee the pricing and valuation of all securities held in the Fund. The Committee operates under pricing and valuation policies and procedures established by the Adviser and approved by the Board, including pricing policies which set forth the mechanisms and processes to be employed on a daily basis to implement these policies and procedures. In particular, the pricing policies describe how to determine market quotations for securities and other instruments. The Committee’s responsibilities include: 1) fair value and liquidity determinations (and oversight of any third parties to whom any responsibility for fair value and liquidity determinations is delegated), and 2) regular monitoring of the Adviser’s pricing and valuation policies and procedures and modification or enhancement of these policies and procedures (or recommendation of the modification of these policies and procedures) as the Committee believes appropriate.
The Committee is also responsible for monitoring the implementation of the pricing policies by the Adviser’s Pricing Group (the “Pricing Group”) and any third party which performs certain pricing functions in accordance with the pricing policies. The Pricing Group is responsible for the oversight of the third party on a day-to-day basis. The Committee and the Pricing Group perform a series of activities to provide reasonable assurance of the accuracy of prices including: 1) periodic vendor due diligence meetings, review of methodologies, new developments and processes at vendors, 2) daily comparison of security valuation versus prior day for all securities that exceeded established thresholds, and 3) daily review of unpriced, stale, and variance reports with exceptions reviewed by senior management and the Committee.
In addition, several processes outside of the pricing process are used to monitor valuation issues including: 1) performance and performance attribution reports are monitored for anomalous impacts based upon benchmark performance, and 2) portfolio managers review all portfolios for performance and analytics (which are generated using the Adviser’s prices).
3. Taxes
It is the Fund’s policy to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code applicable to regulated investment companies and to distribute all of its investment company taxable income and net realized gains, if any, to shareholders. Therefore, no provisions for federal income or excise taxes are required.
In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for uncertainties in income taxes, management has analyzed the Fund’s tax
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
positions taken or expected to be taken on federal and state income tax returns for all open tax years (the current and the prior three tax years) and has concluded that no provision for income tax is required in the Fund’s financial statements.
4. Investment Income and Investment Transactions
Dividend income is recorded on the ex-dividend date or as soon as the Fund is informed of the dividend. Interest income is accrued daily. Investment transactions are accounted for on the date the securities are purchased or sold. Investment gains or losses are determined on the identified cost basis. The Fund amortizes premiums and accretes original issue discounts and market discounts as adjustments to interest income.
5. Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and distributions to shareholders, if any, are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income dividends and capital gains distributions are determined in accordance with federal tax regulations and may differ from those determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. To the extent these differences are permanent, such amounts are reclassified within the capital accounts based on their federal tax basis treatment; temporary differences do not require such reclassification.
NOTE B
Advisory Fee and Other Transactions with Affiliates
Under the terms of an investment advisory agreement, the Fund pays the Adviser an advisory fee at the annual rate of 0.65% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. Such advisory fee, which is calculated on the basis of the assets attributable to the Fund’s common and preferred shareholders, is accrued daily and paid monthly. In computing daily net assets for purposes of determining the advisory fee payable, the Fund calculates daily the value of the total assets of the Fund, minus the value of the total liabilities of the Fund, except that the aggregate liquidation preference of the VMTP shares, which is a liability for financial reporting purposes, is not deducted.
Under the terms of the shareholder inquiry agency agreement with AllianceBernstein Investor Services, Inc. (“ABIS”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Adviser, the Fund reimburses ABIS for costs relating to servicing phone inquiries on behalf of the Fund. During the six months ended April 30, 2017, there was no reimbursement paid to ABIS.
The Fund may invest in AB Government Money Market Portfolio (the “Government Money Market Portfolio”) which has a contractual annual advisory fee rate of ..20% of the Portfolio’s average daily net assets and
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
bears its own expenses. In connection with the investment by the Fund in the Government Money Market Portfolio, the Adviser has agreed to waive its advisory fee from the Fund in an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the effective advisory fee of Government Money Market Portfolio, as borne indirectly by the Fund as an acquired fund fee and expense. For the six months ended April 30, 2017, such waiver amounted to $2,092. A summary of the Fund’s transactions in shares of the Government Money Market Portfolio for the six months ended April 30, 2017 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Market Value 10/31/16 (000) | | Purchases
at Cost
(000) | | | Sales
Proceeds
(000) | | | Market Value
4/30/17
(000) | | | Dividend
Income
(000) | |
| $ – 0 – | | $ | 22,263 | | | $ | 22,099 | | | $ | 164 | | | $ | 4 | |
NOTE C
Investment Transactions
Purchases and sales of investment securities (excluding short-term investments) for the six months ended April 30, 2017 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Purchases | | | Sales | |
Investment securities (excluding
U.S. government securities) | | $ | 26,047,320 | | | $ | 27,174,918 | |
U.S. government securities | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
The cost of investments for federal income tax purposes was substantially the same as the cost for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, gross unrealized appreciation and unrealized depreciation (excluding swap transactions) are as follows:
| | | | |
Gross unrealized appreciation | | $ | 12,817,390 | |
Gross unrealized depreciation | | | (321,380 | ) |
| | | | |
Net unrealized appreciation | | $ | 12,496,010 | |
| | | | |
1. Derivative Financial Instruments
The Fund may use derivatives in an effort to earn income and enhance returns, to replace more traditional direct investments, to obtain exposure to otherwise inaccessible markets (collectively, “investment purposes”), or to hedge or adjust the risk profile of its portfolio.
The principal types of derivatives utilized by the Fund, as well as the methods in which they may be used are:
The Fund may enter into swaps to hedge its exposure to interest rates or credit risk. A swap is an agreement that obligates two parties to exchange a series of cash flows at specified intervals based upon or
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
calculated by reference to changes in specified prices or rates for a specified amount of an underlying asset. The payment flows are usually netted against each other, with the difference being paid by one party to the other. In addition, collateral may be pledged or received by the Fund in accordance with the terms of the respective swaps to provide value and recourse to the Fund or its counterparties in the event of default, bankruptcy or insolvency by one of the parties to the swap.
Risks may arise as a result of the failure of the counterparty to the swap to comply with the terms of the swap. The loss incurred by the failure of a counterparty is generally limited to the net interim payment to be received by the Fund, and/or the termination value at the end of the contract. Therefore, the Fund considers the creditworthiness of each counterparty to a swap in evaluating potential counterparty risk. This risk is mitigated by having a netting arrangement between the Fund and the counterparty and by the posting of collateral by the counterparty to the Fund to cover the Fund’s exposure to the counterparty. Additionally, risks may arise from unanticipated movements in interest rates or in the value of the underlying securities. The Fund accrues for the interim payments on swaps on a daily basis, with the net amount recorded within unrealized appreciation/depreciation of swaps on the statement of assets and liabilities, where applicable. Once the interim payments are settled in cash, the net amount is recorded as realized gain/(loss) on swaps on the statement of operations, in addition to any realized gain/(loss) recorded upon the termination of swaps. Upfront premiums paid or received are recognized as cost or proceeds on the statement of assets and liabilities and are amortized on a straight line basis over the life of the contract. Amortized upfront premiums are included in net realized gain/(loss) from swaps on the statement of operations. Fluctuations in the value of swaps are recorded as a component of net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of swaps on the statement of operations.
Interest Rate Swaps:
The Fund is subject to interest rate risk exposure in the normal course of pursuing its investment objectives. Because the Fund holds fixed rate bonds, the value of these bonds may decrease if interest rates rise. To help hedge against this risk and to maintain its ability to generate income at prevailing market rates, the Fund may enter into interest rate swaps. Interest rate swaps are agreements between two parties to exchange cash flows based on a notional amount. The Fund may elect to pay a fixed rate and receive a floating rate, or, receive a fixed rate and pay a floating rate on a notional amount.
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
In addition, the Fund may also enter into interest rate swap transactions to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio, or protect against an increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by a Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest (e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments) computed based on a contractually-based principal (or “notional”) amount. Interest rate swaps are entered into on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments).
During the six months ended April 30, 2017, the Fund held interest rate swaps for hedging purposes.
The Fund typically enters into International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. Master Agreements (“ISDA Master Agreement”) or similar master agreements (collectively, “Master Agreements”) with its derivative contract counterparties in order to, among other things, reduce its credit risk to counterparties. ISDA Master Agreements include provisions for general obligations, representations, collateral and events of default or termination. Under an ISDA Master Agreement, the Fund typically may offset with the counterparty certain derivative financial instruments’ payables and/or receivables with collateral held and/or posted and create one single net payment (close-out netting) in the event of default or termination.
Various Master Agreements govern the terms of certain transactions with counterparties, including transactions such as derivative transactions, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements. These Master Agreements typically attempt to reduce the counterparty risk associated with such transactions by specifying credit protection mechanisms and providing standardization that improves legal certainty. Cross-termination provisions under Master Agreements typically provide that a default in connection with one transaction between the Fund and a counterparty gives the non-defaulting party the right to terminate any other transactions in place with the defaulting party to create one single net payment due to/due from the defaulting party. In the event of a default by a Master Agreements counterparty, the return of collateral with market value in excess of the Fund’s net liability, held by the defaulting party, may be delayed or denied.
The Fund’s Master Agreements may contain provisions for early termination of OTC derivative transactions in the event the net assets of the Fund decline below specific levels (“net asset contingent features”). If these
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
levels are triggered, the Fund’s counterparty has the right to terminate such transaction and require the Fund to pay or receive a settlement amount in connection with the terminated transaction. For additional details, please refer to netting arrangements by counterparty tables below.
During the six months ended April 30, 2017, the Fund had entered into the following derivatives:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Asset Derivatives | | | Liability Derivatives | |
Derivative Type | | Statement of Assets and Liabilities Location | | Fair Value | | | Statement of
Assets and Liabilities Location | | Fair Value | |
Interest rate contracts | | Unrealized appreciation on interest rate swaps | | $ | 30,921 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | $ | 30,921 | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Derivative Type | | Location of Gain or (Loss) on Derivatives Within
Statement of Operations | | Realized Gain
or (Loss)�� on
Derivatives | | | Change in
Unrealized
Appreciation or
(Depreciation) | |
Interest rate contracts | | Net realized gain (loss) on swaps; Net change in unrealized appreciation/depreciation of swaps | | $ | 2,856 | | | $ | 20,274 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | | | $ | 2,856 | | | $ | 20,274 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The following table represents the average monthly volume of the Fund’s derivative transactions during the six months ended April 30, 2017:
| | | | |
Interest Rate Swaps: | | | | |
Average notional amount | | $ | 24,300,000 | |
For financial reporting purposes, the Fund does not offset derivative assets and derivative liabilities that are subject to netting arrangements in the statement of assets and liabilities.
All derivatives held at period end were subject to netting arrangements. The following table presents the Fund’s derivative assets and liabilities by
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
counterparty net of amounts available for offset under Master Agreements (“MA”) and net of the related collateral received/pledged by the Fund as of April 30, 2017:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Counterparty | | Derivative
Assets
Subject to a
MA | | | Derivative
Available for
Offset | | | Cash
Collateral
Received | | | Security
Collateral
Received | | | Net Amount
of Derivatives
Assets | |
OTC Derivatives: | | | | | | | | | |
Goldman Sachs Bank USA | | $ | 30,921 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 30,921 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 30,921 | | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | – 0 | – | | $ | 30,921 | ^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ^ | Net amount represents the net receivable/payable that would be due from/to the counterparty in the event of default or termination. The net amount from OTC financial derivative instruments can only be netted across transactions governed under the same master agreement with the same counterparty. |
NOTE D
Common Stock
There are 8,554,668 shares of common stock outstanding at April 30, 2017. During the six months ended April 30, 2017 and October 31, 2016, the Fund did not issue any shares in connection with the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan.
NOTE E
Auction Preferred Shares
The Fund has 3,240 shares authorized, and 1,195 shares issued and outstanding of auction preferred stock (“APS”), consisting 771 shares of Series M and 424 shares of series T. The APS have a liquidation value of $25,000 per share plus accumulated, unpaid dividends. The dividend rate on the APS may change every 7 days as set by the auction agent for Series M and T. Due to the recent failed auctions, the dividend rate is the “maximum rate” set by the terms of the APS, which is based on AA commercial paper rates and short-term municipal bond rates. The dividend rate on Series M is 1.51% effective through May 1, 2017. The dividend rate on Series T is 1.51% effective through May 2, 2017.
At certain times, the Fund may voluntarily redeem the APS in certain circumstances. The Fund is not required to redeem any of its APS and expects to continue to rely on the APS for a portion of its leverage exposure. The Fund may also pursue other liquidity solutions for the APS.
Variable Rate MuniFund Term Preferred Shares
During the year ended October 31, 2015, the Fund completed a private offering of Variable Rate MuniFund Term Preferred Shares (“VMTPS”), having a liquidation preference of $25,000 per share. The Fund issued and
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
sold 1,605 VMTPS in its offering. The net proceeds from the offering were used to repurchase the APS that were accepted for payment pursuant to the Offer. The VMTPS rank pari passu with the remaining outstanding APS but are subject to a mandatory redemption by the Fund in September 2022. The cost of leverage to the Fund resulting from the issuance of VMTPS is expected to vary over time and to differ from, and in some cases may exceed, the cost of leverage associated with the APS, as is the case at April 30, 2017, although the Adviser anticipates that, in general, an increase in interest rates beyond a certain level may result in the VMTPS being more economical to the Fund.
VMTPS generally do not trade, and market quotations are generally not available. VMTPS are short-term or short/intermediate-term instruments that pay a variable dividend rate tied to the SIFMA Municipal Swap Index, plus an additional fixed “spread” amount of 1.30% established at the time of issuance. As of April 30, 2017, the dividend rate for the VMTPS was 2.20%. In the Fund’s statement of assets and liabilities, the aggregate liquidation preference of the VMTPS is shown as a liability in accordance with U.S. GAAP because the VMTPS have a stated mandatory redemption date.
Dividends on the VMTPS (which are treated as interest payments for financial reporting purposes) are set weekly. Unpaid dividends on VMTPS are recorded as “Interest expense payable” on the statement of assets and liabilities. Dividends accrued on VMTPS are recorded as a component of “Interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs” on the statement of operations. For the six months ended April 30, 2017, the average amount of VMTPS outstanding and the daily weighted average dividend rate were $40,125,000 and 2.09%, respectively.
Costs incurred by the Fund in connection with its offering of VMTPS were recorded as a deferred charge, which are amortized over the life of the shares and are recorded as “Deferred offering costs” on the statement of assets and liabilities and included within “Interest expense, fees and amortization of offering costs” on the statement of operations. The VMTPS are treated as equity for tax purposes. During the six months ended April 30, 2017, no additional costs were incurred and capitalized by the Fund.
The preferred shareholders, including the holders of both the APS and VMTPS, voting together as a separate class, have the right to elect at least two directors at all times and to elect a majority of the directors in the event two years’ dividends on the preferred shares are unpaid. In each case, the remaining directors will be elected by the common shareholders and preferred shareholders voting together as a single class. The preferred
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| 34 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
shareholders will vote as a separate class on certain other matters as required under the Fund’s Charter, the Investment Company Act of 1940 and Maryland law, and management regularly evaluates, and discusses with the Fund’s Board of Directors, the costs and potential benefits of alternative sources of leverage for the Fund.
NOTE F
Distributions to Common Shareholders
The tax character of distributions to be paid for the year ending October 31, 2017 will be determined at the end of the current fiscal year. The tax character of distributions paid during the fiscal years ended October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015 were as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 2016 | | | 2015 | |
Distributions paid from: | | | | | | | | |
Ordinary income | | $ | 78,704 | | | $ | 80,447 | |
Tax-exempt income | | | 5,594,807 | | | | 6,356,085 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Distributions Paid | | | 5,673,511 | | | | 6,436,532 | |
Tax return of capital | | | 128,521 | | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | | | | | |
Total distributions paid | | $ | 5,802,032 | | | $ | 6,436,532 | |
| | | | | | | | |
As of October 31, 2016, the components of accumulated earnings/(deficit) on a tax basis were as follows:
| | | | |
Accumulated capital and other losses | | $ | (4,963,455 | )(a) |
Unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) | | | 18,329,921 | (b) |
| | | | |
Total accumulated earnings/(deficit) | | $ | 13,366,466 | (c) |
| | | | |
| (a) | On October 31, 2016, the Fund had a net capital loss carryforward of $4,963,455. During the fiscal year, the Fund utilized $770,878 of capital loss carryforwards to offset current year net realized gains. |
| (b) | The differences between book-basis and tax-basis unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) are attributable primarily to the tax treatment of tender option bonds and swaps. |
| (c) | The difference between book-basis and tax-basis components of accumulated earnings/(deficit) is attributable primarily to dividends payable. |
For tax purposes, net realized capital losses may be carried over to offset future capital gains, if any. Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses incurred in taxable years beginning after December 22, 2010 for an indefinite period. These post-December 22, 2010 capital losses must be utilized prior to the earlier capital losses, which are subject to expiration. Post-December 22, 2010 capital loss carryforwards will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered short-term as under previous regulation.
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 35 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
As of October 31, 2016, the Fund had a net capital loss carryforward of $4,963,455 which will expire as follows:
| | | | |
Short-Term
Amount | | Long-Term
Amount | | Expiration |
| $2,248,276 | | n/a | | 2019 |
| $1,031,169 | | $1,684,010 | | no expiration |
NOTE G
Risks Involved in Investing in the Fund
Interest Rate Risk—Changes in interest rates will affect the value of investments in fixed-income securities. When interest rates rise, the value of investments in fixed-income securities tends to fall and this decrease in value may not be offset by higher income from new investments. The Fund may be subject to a heightened risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low rates and the effect of government fiscal policy initiatives, including Federal Reserve actions, and market reaction to these initiatives. Interest rate risk is generally greater for fixed-income securities with longer maturities or durations.
Credit Risk—An issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or the counterparty to a derivatives or other contract, may be unable or unwilling to make timely payments of interest or principal, or to otherwise honor its obligations. The issuer or guarantor may default, causing a loss of the full principal amount of a security and accrued interest. The degree of risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. There is the possibility that the credit rating of a fixed-income security may be downgraded after purchase, which may adversely affect the value of the security. Investments in fixed-income securities with lower ratings tend to have a higher probability that an issuer will default or fail to meet its payment obligations.
Municipal Market Risk—This is the risk that special factors may adversely affect the value of municipal securities and have a significant effect on the yield or value of the Fund’s investments in municipal securities. These factors include economic conditions, political or legislative changes, uncertainties related to the tax status of municipal securities, or the rights of investors in these securities. The Fund’s investment in California municipal securities may be vulnerable to events adversely affecting California’s economy. California, largest of the 50 states, is relatively diverse, which makes it less vulnerable to events affecting a particular industry. Its economy, however, continues to be affected by fiscal constraints as result of voter-passed initiatives that limit the ability of state and local governments to raise revenues, particularly with respect to real property taxes. California’s economy may also be affected by natural disasters, such as earthquakes or fires. The Fund’s investment in
| | |
| 36 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
certain municipal securities with principal and interest payments that are made from the revenues of a specific project or facility, and not general tax revenues, may have increased risks. Factors affecting the project or facility, such as local business or economic conditions, could have a significant effect on the project’s ability to make payments of principal and interest on these securities.
Derivatives Risk—The Fund may enter into derivative transactions such as forwards, options, futures and swaps. Derivatives may be illiquid, difficult to price, and leveraged so that small changes may produce disproportionate losses, and may be subject to counterparty risk to a greater degree than more traditional investments. Derivatives may result in significant losses, including losses that are far greater than the value of the derivatives reflected on the statement of assets and liabilities.
Financing and Related Transactions; Leverage and Other Risks—The Fund utilizes leverage to seek to enhance the yield and net asset value attributable to its common stock. These objectives may not be achieved in all interest rate environments. Leverage creates certain risks for holders of common stock, including the likelihood of greater volatility of the net asset value and market price of the common stock. If income from the securities purchased from the funds made available by leverage is not sufficient to cover the cost of leverage, the Fund’s return will be less than if leverage had not been used. As a result, the amounts available for distribution to common stockholders as dividends and other distributions will be reduced. During periods of rising short-term interest rates, the interest paid on the Preferred shares or floaters in tender option bond transactions would increase, which may adversely affect the Fund’s income and distribution to common stockholders. A decline in distributions would adversely affect the Fund’s yield and possibly the market value of its shares. If rising short-term rates coincide with a period of rising long-term rates, the value of the long-term municipal bonds purchased with the proceeds of leverage would decline, adversely affecting the net asset value attributable to the Fund’s common stock and possibly the market value of the shares.
The Fund’s outstanding APS and VMTPS result in leverage. The Fund may also use other types of financial leverage, including tender option bond transactions, either in combination with, or in lieu of, the Preferred shares. In a tender option bond transaction, the Fund may transfer a highly rated fixed-rate municipal security to a broker, which, in turn, deposits the bond into a special purpose vehicle (typically, a trust) usually sponsored by the broker. The Fund receives cash and a residual interest security (sometimes referred to as an “inverse floater”) issued by the trust in return. The trust
| | |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
simultaneously issues securities, which pay an interest rate that is reset each week based on an index of high-grade short-term seven-day demand notes. These securities, sometimes referred to as “floaters”, are bought by third parties, including tax-exempt money market funds, and can be tendered by these holders to a liquidity provider at par, unless certain events occur. The Fund continues to earn all the interest from the transferred bond less the amount of interest paid on the floaters and the expenses of the trust, which include payments to the trustee and the liquidity provider and organizational costs. The Fund also uses the cash received from the transaction for investment purposes or to retire other forms of leverage. Under certain circumstances, the trust may be terminated and collapsed, either by the Fund or upon the occurrence of certain events, such as a downgrade in the credit quality of the underlying bond, or in the event holders of the floaters tender their securities to the liquidity provider. See Note H to the financial statements for more information about tender option bond transactions.
The use of derivative instruments by the Fund, such as forwards, futures, options and swaps, may also result in a form of leverage.
Because the advisory fees received by the Adviser are based on the total net assets of the Fund (including assets supported by the proceeds of the Fund’s outstanding preferred shares), the Adviser has a financial incentive for the Fund to keep its preferred shares outstanding, which may create a conflict of interest between the Adviser and the common shareholders of the Fund.
Duration Risk—Duration is a measure that relates the expected price volatility of a fixed-income security to changes in interest rates. The duration of a fixed-income security may be shorter than or equal to full maturity of a fixed-income security. Fixed-income securities with longer durations have more risk and will decrease in price as interest rates rise. For example, a fixed-income security with a duration of three years will decrease in value by approximately 3% if interest rates increase by 1%.
Inflation Risk—This is the risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money. As inflation increases, the real value of the Fund’s assets can decline as can the real value of the Fund’s distributions. This risk is significantly greater if the Fund’s invests a significant portion of its assets in fixed-income securities with longer maturities.
Liquidity Risk—Liquidity risk occurs when certain investments become difficult to purchase or sell. Difficulty in selling less liquid securities may
| | |
| 38 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
result in sales at disadvantageous prices affecting the value of your investment in the Fund. Causes of liquidity risk may include low trading volumes and large positions of Fund shares. Over recent years liquidity risk has also increased because the capacity of dealers in the secondary market for fixed-income securities to make markets in these securities has decreased, even as the overall bond market has grown significantly, due to, among other things, structural changes, additional regulatory requirements and capital and risk restraints that have led to reduced inventories. Liquidity risk may be higher in a rising interest rate environment, when the value and liquidity of fixed-income securities generally decline. Municipal securities may have more liquidity risk than other fixed-income securities because they trade less frequently and the market for municipal securities is generally smaller than many other markets.
Tax Risk—There is no guarantee that all of the Fund’s income will remain exempt from federal or state income taxes. From time to time, the U.S. Government and the U.S. Congress consider changes in federal tax law that could limit or eliminate the federal tax exemption for municipal bond income, which would in effect reduce the income received by shareholders from the Fund by increasing taxes on that income. In such event, the Fund’s net asset value could also decline as yields on municipal bonds, which are typically lower than those on taxable bonds, would be expected to increase to approximately the yield of comparable taxable bonds.
Indemnification Risk—In the ordinary course of business, the Fund enters into contracts that contain a variety of indemnifications. The Fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown. However, the Fund has not had prior claims or losses pursuant to these indemnification provisions and expects the risk of loss thereunder to be remote. Therefore, the Fund has not accrued any liability in connection with these indemnification provisions.
NOTE H
Floating Rate Notes Issued in Connection with Securities Held
The Fund may engage in tender option bond (“TOB”) transactions in which the Fund transfers a fixed rate bond (“Fixed Rate Bond”) to a broker for cash. The broker deposits the Fixed Rate Bond into a Special Purpose Vehicle (the “SPV”, which is generally organized as a trust), organized by the broker. The Fund buys a residual interest in the assets and cash flows of the SPV, often referred to as an inverse floating rate obligation (“Inverse Floater”). The SPV also issues floating rate notes (“Floating Rate Notes”) which are sold to third parties. The Floating Rate Notes pay interest at rates that generally reset weekly and their holders have the option to tender their notes to a liquidity provider for redemption at par. The Inverse
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 39 |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Floater held by the Fund gives the Fund the right (1) to cause the holders of the Floating Rate Notes to tender their notes at par, and (2) to have the trustee transfer the Fixed Rate Bond held by the SPV to the Fund, thereby collapsing the SPV. The SPV may also be collapsed in certain other circumstances. In accordance with U.S. GAAP requirements regarding accounting for transfers and servicing of financial assets and extinguishments of liabilities, the Fund accounts for the transaction described above as a secured borrowing by including the Fixed Rate Bond in its portfolio of investments and the Floating Rate Notes as a liability under the caption “Payable for floating rate notes issued” in its statement of assets and liabilities. Interest expense related to the Fund’s liability with respect to Floating Rate Notes is recorded as incurred. The interest expense is also included in the Fund’s expense ratio. At April 30, 2017, the amount of the Fund’s Floating Rate Notes outstanding was $7,950,000 and the related interest rate was 0.44% to 0.51%. For the six months ended April 30, 2017, the average amount of Floating Rate Notes outstanding and the daily weighted average interest rate were $7,950,000 and 3.46%, respectively.
The Fund may also purchase Inverse Floaters in the secondary market without first owning the underlying bond. Such an Inverse Floater is included in the Fund’s portfolio of investments but is not required to be treated as a secured borrowing and reflected in the Fund’s financial statements as a secured borrowing. For the six months ended April 30, 2017, the Fund did not engage in such transactions.
The final rules implementing section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Volcker Rule”) were issued on December 10, 2013. The Volcker Rule precludes banking entities and their affiliates from (i) sponsoring residual interest bond programs, such as the Fund’s TOB transactions (as such programs were then previously or are presently structured), and (ii) continuing certain relationships with or certain services for residual interest bond programs. As a result, such residual interest bond trusts need to be restructured or unwound. The effects of the Volcker Rule may make it more difficult for the Fund to maintain current or desired levels of leverage and may cause the Fund to incur additional expenses to maintain its leverage. Banking entities subject to the Volcker Rule were required to comply by July 21, 2015 for TOBs established after December 31, 2013, and by July 21, 2017 for TOBs established prior to December 31, 2013.
NOTE I
Other
In October 2016, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission adopted new rules and amended existing rules (together, “final rules”) intended to
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| 40 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
modernize the reporting and disclosure of information by registered investment companies. In part, the final rules amend Regulation S-X and require standardized, enhanced disclosure about derivatives in investment company financial statements, as well as other amendments. The compliance date for the amendments to Regulation S-X is August 1, 2017. Management is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of the amendments to Regulation S-X will have on the financial statements and related disclosures.
NOTE J
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Accounting Standards Update, ASU 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities (the “ASU”) which amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium, shortening such period to the earliest call date. The ASU does not require any accounting change for debt securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. At this time, management is evaluating the implications of these changes on the financial statements.
NOTE K
Subsequent Events
Management has evaluated subsequent events for possible recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through the date the financial statements are issued. Management has determined that there are no material events that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.
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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Selected Data For A Share Of Common Stock Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Six Months
Ended
April 30,
2017 (unaudited) | | | Year Ended October 31, | |
| | | | 2016 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net asset value, beginning of period | | | $ 15.84 | | | | $ 15.15 | | | | $ 15.00 | | | | $ 13.78 | | | | $ 15.05 | | | | $ 14.05 | |
| | | | |
Income From Investment Operations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income(a) | | | .30 | (b)† | | | .65 | (b) | | | .75 | | | | .77 | | | | .74 | | | | .85 | (b) |
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment transactions | | | (.73 | ) | | | .74 | | | | (.13 | ) | | | 1.21 | | | | (1.22 | ) | | | 1.08 | |
Dividends to auction preferred shareholders from net investment income (common stock equivalent basis) | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.01 | ) | | | (.01 | ) | | | (.02 | ) | | | (.02 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in net asset value from operations | | | (.45 | ) | | | 1.37 | | | | .61 | | | | 1.97 | | | | (.50 | ) | | | 1.91 | |
| | | | |
Less: Dividends and Distributions to Common Shareholders from | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income | | | (.30 | ) | | | (.66 | ) | | | (.75 | ) | | | (.75 | ) | | | (.74 | ) | | | (.91 | ) |
Return of capital | | | – 0 | – | | | (.02 | ) | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | (.03 | ) | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Total dividends and distributions | | | (.30 | ) | | | (.68 | ) | | | (.75 | ) | | | (.75 | ) | | | (.77 | ) | | | (.91 | ) |
| | | | |
Net increase from tender and repurchase of Auction Preferred Shares | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | .29 | | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – | | | – 0 | – |
| | | | |
Net asset value, end of period | | | $ 15.09 | | | | $ 15.84 | | | | $ 15.15 | | | | $ 15.00 | | | | $ 13.78 | | | | $ 15.05 | |
| | | | |
Market value, end of period | | | $ 13.57 | | | | $ 14.74 | | | | $ 14.18 | | | | $ 13.79 | | | | $ 12.45 | | | | $ 15.70 | |
| | | | |
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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Common Stock Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Six Months
Ended
April 30,
2017 (unaudited) | | | Year Ended October 31, | |
| | | | 2016 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Premium/(Discount), end of period | | | (10.07 | )% | | | (6.94 | )% | | | (6.40 | )% | | | (8.07 | )% | | | (9.65 | )% | | | 4.32 | % |
Total Return | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total investment return based on:(c) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Market value | | | (5.85 | )% | | | 8.80 | % | | | 8.61 | % | | | 17.39 | % | | | (16.10 | )% | | | 22.02 | % |
Net asset value | | | (2.58 | )%† | | | 9.44 | % | | | 6.68 | %(d) | | | 15.36 | % | | | (3.13 | )% | | | 13.97 | % |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net assets applicable to common shareholders, end of period
(000’s omitted) | | | $129,075 | | | | $135,543 | | | | $129,617 | | | | $128,337 | | | | $117,903 | | | | $128,713 | |
Auction Preferred Shares: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liquidation value
($25,000 per share)
(000’s omitted) | | | $29,875 | | | | $29,875 | | | | $29,875 | | | | $72,550 | | | | $72,550 | | | | $72,550 | |
Asset coverage per share | | | $71,098 | | | | $73,408 | | | | $71,290 | | | | $69,250 | | | | $65,750 | | | | $69,250 | |
Variable Rate MuniFund Term Preferred Shares: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Liquidation value
($25,000 per share)
(000’s omitted) | | | $40,125 | | | | $40,125 | | | | $40,125 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
Asset coverage per share | | | $71,098 | | | | $73,408 | | | | $71,290 | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | | | | N/A | |
Ratio to average net assets applicable to common shareholders of: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expenses, net of waivers/reimbursements(e)(f) | | | 1.78 | %^ | | | 1.87 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.43 | % | | | 1.39 | % |
Expenses, before waivers/reimbursements(e)(f) | | | 1.78 | %^ | | | 1.87 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.44 | % | | | 1.43 | % | | | 1.41 | % |
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 43 |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)
Selected Data For A Share Of Common Stock Outstanding Throughout Each Period
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Six Months
Ended
April 30,
2017 (unaudited) | | | Year Ended October 31, | |
| | | | 2016 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net investment income, before Auction Preferred Shares dividends(e) | | | 3.31 | %(b)^† | | | 4.11 | %(b) | | | 4.99 | % | | | 5.35 | % | | | 5.13 | % | | | 5.79 | %(b) |
Auction Preferred Shares dividends | | | .21 | % | | | .14 | % | | | .06 | % | | | .06 | % | | | .11 | % | | | .15 | % |
Net investment income, net of Auction Preferred Shares dividends | | | 3.10 | %(b)^† | | | 3.97 | %(b) | | | 4.93 | % | | | 5.29 | % | | | 5.02 | % | | | 5.64 | %(b) |
Portfolio turnover rate | | | 13 | % | | | 12 | % | | | 18 | % | | | 32 | % | | | 25 | % | | | 46 | % |
Asset coverage ratio | | | 284 | % | | | 293 | % | | | 285 | % | | | 277 | % | | | 263 | % | | | 277 | % |
| (a) | Based on average shares outstanding. |
| (b) | Net of fees waived by the Adviser. |
| (c) | Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of common stock on the opening of the first day and a sale on the closing of the last day of each period reported. Dividends and distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation, to be reinvested at prices obtained under the Fund’s dividend reinvestment plan. Generally, total investment return based on net asset value will be higher than total investment return based on market value in periods where there is an increase in the discount or a decrease in the premium of the market value to the net asset value from the beginning to the end of such periods. Conversely, total investment return based on net asset value will be lower than total investment return based on market value in periods where there is a decrease in the discount or an increase in the premium of the market value to the net asset value from the beginning to the end of such periods. Total investment return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
| (d) | The total return based on net asset value reflects the impact of the tender and repurchase by the Fund of a portion of its Auction Preferred Shares at 94% of the per share liquidation preference. Absent this transaction, the total return based on net asset values would have been 4.56%. |
| (e) | These expense and net investment income ratios do not reflect the effect of distribution payments to preferred shareholders. |
| (f) | The expense ratios presented below exclude interest expense: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Six Months
Ended
April 30,
2017 (unaudited) | | | Year Ended October 31, | |
| | | | 2016 | | | 2015 | | | 2014 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
| | | | |
Net of waivers | | | 1.07 | %^ | | | 1.29 | % | | | 1.32 | % | | | 1.39 | % | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.32 | % |
Before waivers | | | 1.07 | %^ | | | 1.29 | % | | | 1.32 | % | | | 1.39 | % | | | 1.37 | % | | | 1.34 | % |
| † | For the six months ended April 30, 2017 the amount includes a refund for overbilling of prior years’ custody out of pocket fees as follows: |
| | | | | | | | |
Net Investment
Income Per Share | | Net Investment
Income Ratio | | | Total
Return | |
| $.001 | | | .01 | % | | | .01 | % |
See notes to financial statements.
| | |
| 44 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
(unaudited)
Shareholders whose shares are registered in their own names can elect to participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the “Plan”), pursuant to which dividends and capital gain distributions to shareholders will be paid in or reinvested in additional shares of the Fund (the “Dividend Shares”). Computershare Trust Company N.A. (the “Agent”) will act as agent for participants under the Plan. Shareholders whose shares are held in the name of broker or nominee should contact such broker or nominee to determine whether or how they may participate in the Plan.
If the Board declares an income distribution or determines to make a capital gain distribution payable either in shares or in cash, non-participants in the Plan will receive cash and participants in the Plan will receive the equivalent in shares of Common Stock of the Fund valued as follows:
| | (i) | If the shares of Common Stock are trading at net asset value or at a premium above net asset value at the time of valuation, the Fund will issue new shares at the greater of net asset value or 95% of the then current market price. |
| | (ii) | If the shares of Common Stock are trading at a discount from net asset value at the time of valuation, the Agent will receive the dividend or distribution in cash and apply it to the purchase of the Fund’s shares of Common Stock in the open market on the New York Stock Exchange or elsewhere, for the participants’ accounts. Such purchases will be made on or shortly after the payment date for such dividend or distribution and in no event more than 30 days after such date except where temporary curtailment or suspension of purchase is necessary to comply with Federal securities laws. If, before the Agent has completed its purchases, the market price exceeds the net asset value of a share of Common Stock, the average purchase price per share paid by the Agent may exceed the net asset value of the Fund’s shares of Common Stock, resulting in the acquisition of fewer shares than if the dividend or distribution had been paid in shares issued by the Fund. |
The Agent will maintain all shareholders’ accounts in the Plan and furnish written confirmation of all transactions in the account, including information needed by shareholders for tax records. Shares in the account of each Plan participant will be held by the Agent in non-certificate form in the name of the participant, and each shareholder’s proxy will include those shares purchased or received pursuant to the Plan.
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 45 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (continued)
There will be no charges with respect to shares issued directly by the Fund to satisfy the dividend reinvestment requirements. However, each participant will pay a pro rata share of brokerage commissions incurred with respect to the Agent’s open market purchases of shares.
The automatic reinvestment of dividends and distributions will not relieve participants of any income taxes that may be payable (or required to be withheld) on dividends and distributions.
Experience under the Plan may indicate that changes are desirable. Accordingly, the Fund reserves the right to amend or terminate the Plan as applied to any dividend or distribution paid subsequent to written notice of the change sent to participants in the Plan at least 90 days before the record date for such dividend or distribution. The Plan may also be amended or terminated by the Agent on at least 90 days’ written notice to participants in the Plan. All correspondence concerning the Plan should be directed to the Agent at Computershare Trust Company N.A., P.O. Box 30170, College Station, TX 77842-3170.
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| 46 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
RESULTS OF STOCKHOLDER MEETING
(unaudited)
The annual meeting of Stockholders of Alliance California Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (“the Fund”) was held on March 29, 2017. A description of the proposal and number of shares voted at the Meeting are as follows:
To elect Directors for a term of three years and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies.
Class Two (term expires 2020)
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Voted
For | | | Authority
Withheld | |
Common Shares: | | | | | | | | |
William H. Foulk, Jr. | | | 7,223,128 | | | | 202,350 | |
Carol C. McMullen | | | 7,260,318 | | | | 165,160 | |
Robert M. Keith | | | 7,254,884 | | | | 170,594 | |
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 47 |
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
| | |
Marshall C. Turner, Jr.(1), Chairman John H. Dobkin(1) Michael J. Downey(1) William H. Foulk, Jr.(1) | | Nancy P. Jacklin(1) Robert M. Keith, President and Chief Executive Officer Carol C. McMullen(1) Garry L. Moody(1) Earl D. Weiner(1) |
OFFICERS
| | |
Philip L. Kirstein, Senior Vice President and Independent Compliance Officer Robert “Guy” B. Davidson III,(2)
Senior Vice President Fred S. Cohen,(2) Vice President Terrance T. Hults,(2) Vice President | | Matthew J. Norton,(2) Vice President Emilie D. Wrapp, Secretary Joseph J. Mantineo, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer Phyllis J. Clarke, Controller Vincent S. Noto, Chief Compliance Officer |
| | |
Custodian and Accounting Agent State Street Bank and Trust Company State Street Corporation CCB/5
1 Iron Street Boston, MA 02210 Legal Counsel Seward & Kissel LLP One Battery Park Plaza New York, NY 10004 Preferred Shares: Dividend Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar The Bank of New York
101 Barclay Street – 7W
New York, NY 10286 | | Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm Ernst & Young LLP 5 Times Square New York, NY 10036 Common Stock: Dividend Paying Agent, Transfer Agent and Registrar Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77842-3170 |
| 1 | Member of the Audit Committee, the Governance and Nominating Committee and the Independent Directors Committee. |
| 2 | The day-to-day management of, and investment decisions for, the Fund’s portfolio are made by the Municipal Bond Investment Team. The investment professionals with the most significant responsibility for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio are: Robert “Guy” B. Davidson III, Fred S. Cohen, Terrance T. Hults and Matthew J. Norton. |
Notice is hereby given in accordance with Section 23(c) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 that the Fund may purchase at market prices from time-to-time shares of its Common Stock in the open market.
This report, including the financial statements therein, is transmitted to the shareholders of Alliance California Municipal Income Fund for their information. This is not a prospectus, circular or representation intended for use in the purchase of shares of the Fund or any securities mentioned in the report.
Annual Certifications — As required, on April 27, 2017, the Fund submitted to the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) the annual certification of the Fund’s Chief Executive Officer certifying that he is not aware of any violation of the NYSE’s Corporate Governance listing standards. The Fund also has included the certifications of the Fund’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 as exhibits to the Fund’s Form N-CSR filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the period.
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Information Regarding the Review and Approval of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement
The disinterested directors (the “directors”) of Alliance California Municipal Income Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”) unanimously approved the continuance of the Fund’s Advisory Agreement with the Adviser at a meeting held on November 1-3, 2016 (the “Meeting”).
Prior to approval of the continuance of the Advisory Agreement, the directors had requested from the Adviser, and received and evaluated, extensive materials. They reviewed the proposed continuance of the Advisory Agreement with the Adviser and with experienced counsel who are independent of the Adviser, who advised on the relevant legal standards. The directors also discussed the proposed continuance in private sessions with counsel and the Fund’s Senior Officer (who is also the Fund’s Independent Compliance Officer).
The directors considered their knowledge of the nature and quality of the services provided by the Adviser to the Fund gained from their experience as directors or trustees of most of the registered investment companies advised by the Adviser, their overall confidence in the Adviser’s integrity and competence they have gained from that experience, the Adviser’s initiative in identifying and raising potential issues with the directors and its responsiveness, frankness and attention to concerns raised by the directors in the past, including the Adviser’s willingness to consider and implement organizational and operational changes designed to improve investment results and the services provided to the AB Funds. The directors noted that they have four regular meetings each year, at each of which they receive presentations from the Adviser on the investment results of the Fund and review extensive materials and information presented by the Adviser.
The directors also considered all other factors they believed relevant, including the specific matters discussed below. In their deliberations, the directors did not identify any particular information that was all-important or controlling, and different directors may have attributed different weights to the various factors. The directors determined that the selection of the Adviser to manage the Fund and the overall arrangements between the Fund and the Adviser, as provided in the Advisory Agreement, including the advisory fee, were fair and reasonable in light of the services performed, expenses incurred and such other matters as the directors considered relevant in the exercise of their business judgment. The material factors and conclusions that formed the basis for the directors’ determinations included the following:
Nature, Extent and Quality of Services Provided
The directors considered the scope and quality of services provided by the Adviser under the Advisory Agreement, including the quality of the
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 49 |
investment research capabilities of the Adviser and the other resources it has dedicated to performing services for the Fund. They also noted the professional experience and qualifications of the Fund’s portfolio management team and other senior personnel of the Adviser. The directors also considered that the Advisory Agreement provides that the Fund will reimburse the Adviser for the cost to it of providing certain clerical, accounting, administrative and other services to the Fund by employees of the Adviser or its affiliates. Requests for these reimbursements are made on a quarterly basis and subject to approval by the directors. Reimbursements, to the extent requested and paid, result in a higher rate of total compensation from the Fund to the Adviser than the fee rate stated in the Fund’s Advisory Agreement. The directors noted that the methodology used to determine the reimbursement amounts had been reviewed by an independent consultant retained by the Fund’s Senior Officer. The quality of administrative and other services, including the Adviser’s role in coordinating the activities of the Fund’s other service providers, also was considered. The directors concluded that, overall, they were satisfied with the nature, extent and quality of services provided to the Fund under the Advisory Agreement.
Costs of Services Provided and Profitability
The directors reviewed a schedule of the revenues and expenses and related notes indicating the profitability of the Fund to the Adviser for calendar years 2014 and 2015 that had been prepared with an expense allocation methodology arrived at in consultation with an independent consultant retained by the Fund’s Senior Officer. The directors noted the assumptions and methods of allocation used by the Adviser in preparing fund-specific profitability data and understood that there are a number of potentially acceptable allocation methodologies for information of this type. The directors noted that the profitability information reflected all revenues and expenses of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund, including those relating to its subsidiary that provides shareholder services to the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of the profitability of the Advisory Agreement with the profitability of fund advisory contracts for unaffiliated funds because comparative information is not generally publicly available and is affected by numerous factors. The directors focused on the profitability of the Adviser’s relationship with the Fund before taxes. The directors concluded that the Adviser’s level of profitability from its relationship with the Fund was not unreasonable.
Fall-Out Benefits
The directors considered the other benefits to the Adviser and its affiliates from their relationships with the Fund, including, but not limited to, benefits relating to shareholder servicing fees paid by the Fund to a wholly owned subsidiary of the Adviser. The directors recognized that the Adviser’s profitability would be somewhat lower without these benefits. The directors
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| 50 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
understood that the Adviser also might derive reputational and other benefits from its association with the Fund.
Investment Results
In addition to the information reviewed by the directors in connection with the Meeting, the directors receive detailed performance information for the Fund at each regular Board meeting during the year.
At the Meeting, the directors reviewed information prepared by Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”), an analytical service that is not affiliated with the Adviser, showing the Fund’s performance against a peer group selected by Broadridge, and information prepared by the Adviser showing the Fund’s performance against a broad-based securities market index, in each case for the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods ended July 31, 2016 and (in the case of comparisons with the broad-based securities market index) for the period from inception. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s investment performance was acceptable.
Advisory Fees and Other Expenses
The directors considered the latest fiscal year actual advisory fee rate paid by the Fund to the Adviser and information prepared by Broadridge concerning advisory fee rates paid by other funds in the same Broadridge category as the Fund. The directors recognized that it is difficult to make comparisons of advisory fees because there are variations in the services that are included in the fees paid by other funds. The directors compared the Fund’s latest fiscal year actual advisory fee rate with a peer group median and a peer universe median.
The directors noted that Broadridge calculates the fee rate based on the Fund’s net assets attributable to common stockholders, whereas the Fund’s Advisory Agreement provides that fees are computed based on average daily net assets (i.e., including assets supported by the Fund’s preferred stock), which results in a lower stated fee rate.
The directors also compared the Fund’s contractual advisory fee rate with the fee rates charged by the Adviser for advising several open-end funds that invest in California municipal securities and noted historical differences in their fee structures.
The Adviser informed the directors that there were no institutional products managed by it that have a substantially similar investment style.
The directors also considered the total expense ratio of the Fund in comparison to a peer group and a peer universe selected by Broadridge. The expense ratio of the Fund was based on the Fund’s latest fiscal year. The
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 51 |
directors noted that it was likely that the expense ratios of some of the other funds in the Fund’s Broadridge category were lowered by waivers or reimbursements by those funds’ investment advisers, which in some cases might be voluntary or temporary. The directors view expense ratio information as relevant to their evaluation of the Adviser’s services because the Adviser is responsible for coordinating services provided to the Fund by others. Based on their review, the directors concluded that the Fund’s expense ratio was acceptable.
Economies of Scale
The advisory fee schedule for the Fund does not contain breakpoints that reduce the fee rates on assets above specified levels. The directors considered that the Fund is a closed-end fixed-income fund and that it was not expected to have meaningful asset growth (absent a rights offering or an acquisition). In such circumstances, the directors did not view the potential for realization of economies of scale as the Fund’s assets grow to be a material factor in their deliberations. They noted that, if the Fund’s net assets were to increase materially, they would review whether potential economies of scale were being realized.
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| 52 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
SUMMARY OF GENERAL INFORMATION
Shareholder Information
Weekly comparative net asset value (NAV) and market price information about the Fund is published each Saturday in Barron’s and other newspapers in a table called “Closed-End Funds.” Daily net asset value and market price information, and additional information regarding the Fund, is available at www.alliancebernstein.com and at www.nyse.com.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
Pursuant to the Fund’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan, shareholders whose shares are registered in their own names may elect to have all distributions reinvested automatically in additional shares of the Fund by ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A., as agent under the Plan. Shareholders whose shares are held in the name of the broker or nominee should contact the broker or nominee for details. All distributions to investors who elect not to participate in the Plan will be paid by check mailed directly to the record holder by or under the direction of ComputerShare Trust Company, N.A.
For questions concerning shareholder account information, or if you would like a brochure describing the Dividend Reinvestment Plan, please call Computershare Trust Company at (800) 219-4218.
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 53 |
This page is not part of the Shareholder Report or the Financial Statements
AB FAMILY OF FUNDS
US EQUITY
US CORE
Core Opportunities Fund
Select US Equity Portfolio
US GROWTH
Concentrated Growth Fund
Discovery Growth Fund
Growth Fund
Large Cap Growth Fund
Small Cap Growth Portfolio
US VALUE
Discovery Value Fund
Equity Income Fund
Relative Value Fund1
Small Cap Value Portfolio
Value Fund
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL EQUITY
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL CORE
Global Core Equity Portfolio
International Portfolio
International Strategic Core Portfolio
Sustainable Global Thematic Fund1
Tax-Managed International Portfolio
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL GROWTH
Concentrated International Growth Portfolio
International Growth Fund
INTERNATIONAL/ GLOBAL VALUE
Asia ex-Japan Equity Portfolio
International Value Fund
FIXED INCOME
MUNICIPAL
High Income Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate California Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate Diversified Municipal Portfolio
Intermediate New York Municipal Portfolio
Municipal Bond Inflation Strategy
Tax-Aware Fixed Income Portfolio
National Portfolio
Arizona Portfolio
California Portfolio
Massachusetts Portfolio
Minnesota Portfolio
New Jersey Portfolio
New York Portfolio
Ohio Portfolio
Pennsylvania Portfolio
Virginia Portfolio
TAXABLE
Bond Inflation Strategy
Global Bond Fund
High Income Fund
High Yield Portfolio
Income Fund
Intermediate Bond Portfolio
Limited Duration High Income Portfolio
Short Duration Portfolio
ALTERNATIVES
All Market Real Return Portfolio
Credit Long/Short Portfolio
Global Real Estate Investment Fund
Select US Long/Short Portfolio
Unconstrained Bond Fund
MULTI-ASSET
All Market Income Portfolio
All Market Total Return Portfolio1
Conservative Wealth Strategy
Emerging Markets Multi-Asset Portfolio
Global Risk Allocation Fund
Tax-Managed All Market Income Portfolio1
Tax-Managed Wealth Appreciation Strategy
Wealth Appreciation Strategy
TARGET-DATE
Multi-Manager Select Retirement Allocation Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2010 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2015 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2020 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2025 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2030 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2035 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2040 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2045 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2050 Fund
Multi-Manager Select 2055 Fund
CLOSED-END FUNDS
Alliance California Municipal Income Fund
AllianceBernstein Global High Income Fund
AllianceBernstein National Municipal Income Fund
We also offer Government Exchange Reserves, which serves as the money market fund exchange vehicle for the AB mutual funds. An investment in Government Exchange Reserves is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.
Investors should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses of the Fund carefully before investing. For copies of our prospectus or summary prospectus, which contain this and other information, visit us online at www.abfunds.com or contact your AB representative. Please read the prospectus and/or summary prospectus carefully before investing.
| 1 | Prior to November 1, 2016, Sustainable Global Thematic Fund was named Global Thematic Growth Fund; prior to January 9, 2017, Relative Value Fund was named Growth & Income Fund; prior to April 17, 2017, Tax-Managed All Market Income Portfolio was named Tax-Managed Balanced Wealth Strategy; prior to April 24, 2017, All Market Total Return Portfolio was named Balanced Wealth Strategy. |
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| 54 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
NOTES
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| abfunds.com | | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | 55 |
NOTES
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| 56 | ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND | | abfunds.com |
Privacy Policy Statement
AllianceBernstein and its affiliates (collectively “AllianceBernstein”) understand the importance of maintaining the confidentiality of their clients’ nonpublic personal information. Nonpublic personal information is personally identifiable financial information about our clients who are natural persons. To provide financial products and services to our clients, we may collect information about clients from a variety of sources, including: (1) account documentation, including applications or other forms, which may include information such as a client’s name, address, phone number, social security number, assets, income and other household information, (2) client transactions with us and others, such as account balances and transactions history, and (3) information from visitors to our websites provided through online forms, site visitorship data and online information-collecting devices known as “cookies.”
It is our policy not to disclose nonpublic personal information about our clients or former clients (collectively “clients”), except to our affiliates, or to others as permitted or required by law. From time to time, we may disclose nonpublic personal information that we collect about our clients to non-affiliated third parties, including those that perform transaction processing or servicing functions, those that provide marketing services for us or on our behalf pursuant to a joint marketing agreement or those that provide professional services to us under a professional services agreement, all of which require the third party provider to adhere to our privacy policy. We have policies and procedures to safeguard nonpublic personal information about our clients that include restricting access to nonpublic personal information and maintaining physical, electronic and procedural safeguards which comply with applicable standards.
It is also our policy to prohibit the sharing of our clients’ personal information among our affiliated group of investment, brokerage, service and insurance companies for the purpose of marketing their products or services to clients, except as permitted by law. This information includes, but is not limited to, a client’s income and account history.
We have policies and procedures to ensure that certain conditions are met before an AllianceBernstein affiliated company may use information obtained from another affiliate to solicit clients for marketing purposes.
ALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUND
1345 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10105
800 221 5672
ACMIF-0152-0417 
ITEM 2. CODE OF ETHICS.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 3. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 4. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 5. AUDIT COMMITTEE OF LISTED REGISTRANTS.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 6. SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS.
Please see Schedule of Investments contained in the Report to Shareholders included under Item 1 of this Form N-CSR.
ITEM 7. DISCLOSURE OF PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 8. PORTFOLIO MANAGERS OF CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES.
Not applicable when filing a semi-annual report to shareholders.
ITEM 9. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY CLOSED-END MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANY AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS.
There have been no purchases of equity securities by the Fund or by affiliated parties for the reporting period.
ITEM 10. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
There have been no material changes to the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to the Fund’s Board of Directors since the Fund last provided disclosure in response to this item.
ITEM 11. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 30a-2(c) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) are effective at the reasonable assurance level based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days of the filing date of this document.
(b) There were no changes in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the second fiscal quarter of the period that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 12. EXHIBITS.
The following exhibits are attached to this Form N-CSR:
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EXHIBIT NO. | | DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT |
| |
12 (b) (1) | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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12 (b) (2) | | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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12 (c) | | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
(Registrant): Alliance California Municipal Income Fund, Inc.
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| By: | | /s/ Robert M. Keith |
| | Robert M. Keith |
| | President |
Date: June 26, 2017
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
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| By: | | /s/ Robert M. Keith |
| | Robert M. Keith |
| | President |
Date: June 26, 2017
| | |
| By: | | /s/ Joseph J. Mantineo |
| | Joseph J. Mantineo |
| | Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer |
Date: June 26, 2017
